WO2009157401A1 - ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009157401A1 WO2009157401A1 PCT/JP2009/061305 JP2009061305W WO2009157401A1 WO 2009157401 A1 WO2009157401 A1 WO 2009157401A1 JP 2009061305 W JP2009061305 W JP 2009061305W WO 2009157401 A1 WO2009157401 A1 WO 2009157401A1
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- polyvinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/10—Metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
- C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08K5/103—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids with polyalcohols
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyvinyl chloride resin composition suitably used in the fields of food, medical use, daily necessities, etc., and more specifically, a polyvinyl chloride resin composition having good thermal stability and little coloring. It is about.
- Polyvinyl chloride resin is widely used as a general molding material and as a product suitable for food and medical use by blending with calcium-zinc and barium-zinc stabilizers.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-92947 discloses a method of adding calcium soap, zinc soap, polyhydric alcohol or a derivative thereof, and a neutral inorganic calcium salt to a chlorine-containing resin. ing.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-813559 discloses a method of adding a water-soluble polymer to a chlorine-containing polymer.
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-147552 discloses a method of adding a reaction condensate of dipentaerythritol and dicarboxylic acid, zinc oxide, zinc carbonate or fatty acid zinc, and hydrotalcite to a chlorine-containing resin. Has been.
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-238345 discloses a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a thermoplastic resin content of ethylene units of 20 to 50% and a vinyl acetate unit saponification degree of 96% or more. And a method of adding a hydrotalcite compound.
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-178543 discloses a halogen-containing thermoplastic resin, a metal soap, and a copolymer having an ethylene content of 20 to 75 mol% and a saponification degree of a vinyl acetate moiety of 50 mol% or more. A method of adding a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a composition is disclosed.
- Patent Document 6 JP-A-6-287387 discloses a method of adding a metal salt of an organic acid and an acetalized product of polyvinyl alcohol to a vinyl chloride resin.
- Patent Document 7 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-32866 discloses a partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 70 to 95 mol%, an average polymerization degree of 300 to 2000, and a mercapto group at the molecular chain terminal. A method of adding is disclosed.
- Patent Document 8 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-31281 discloses a method of adding a zinc compound, hydrotalcites, polyvinyl alcohol, and polymethyl methacrylate to a vinyl chloride resin.
- Non-Patent Document 1 (Polymer Collection Vol. 47, No. 3, 197 (1990)) includes polyvinyl chloride, zinc stearate-calcium stearate composite soap, and fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 600 or more. A method of adding is disclosed.
- Non-Patent Document 2 Polymer Collection Vol. 47, No. 6, 509 (1990) describes polyvinyl chloride, zinc stearate-calcium stearate composite soap, polymerization degree of 500, and saponification degree of 73.6. A method of adding mol% partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol is disclosed.
- Non-Patent Document 3 Polymer Collection Vol. 50, No. 2, 65 (1993) describes polyvinyl chloride, zinc stearate-calcium stearate composite soap, ethylene having an ethylene content of 29 mol% or more. A method of adding a vinyl alcohol copolymer is disclosed.
- Non-Patent Document 4 (Polymers & Polymer Compositions, Vol. 11, 649 (2003)) describes polyvinyl chloride, zinc stearate-calcium stearate composite soap, having a polymerization degree of 500 and a saponification degree of 98.5 mol%.
- a method of adding polyvinyl alcohol or an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having an ethylene content of 29 mol% or more is disclosed.
- Non-Patent Document 5 Journal of the Adhesion Society of Japan, Vol. 43, No. 2, 43 (2007) discloses that polyvinyl chloride has a polymerization degree of 500 and a saponification degree of 88 mol%, a polyvinyl alcohol and a polymerization degree of 1700, A method of adding polyvinyl alcohol and polymethyl methacrylate having a saponification degree of 78 mol% or more is disclosed.
- Patent Documents 1 to 8 and Non-Patent Documents 1 to 5 have a problem that long-term thermal stability is not sufficient or they are colored.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a polyvinyl chloride resin composition having a good thermal stability at the time of molding and a molded product with less coloring.
- the present inventors have found that the saponification degree is 30 to 99.9 mol% and the viscosity average polymerization degree is 1000 or less with respect to the polyvinyl chloride resin, and a carboxyl group or sulfonic acid group or
- a specific amount of a vinyl alcohol polymer having such a salt when a stabilizer composed of a zinc compound is added to the polyvinyl chloride resin composition, the thermal stability during molding can be sufficiently maintained. It has been found that the molded product is less colored and the first invention has been completed.
- the first invention has a saponification degree of 30 to 99.9 mol% and a viscosity average polymerization degree of 1000 or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin, and a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group or a terminal thereof.
- a polyvinyl chloride resin composition containing 0.005 to 5 parts by weight of a vinyl alcohol polymer having the above salt and 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a zinc compound.
- a vinyl alcohol polymer having an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms at the terminal, a saponification degree of 30 to 99.9 mol%, and a viscosity average degree of polymerization of 1000 or less with respect to the polyvinyl chloride resin By adding a specific amount, even when a stabilizer composed of a zinc compound is added to the polyvinyl chloride resin composition, the thermal stability at the time of molding can be sufficiently maintained, and the molded body is less colored. As a result, the second invention was completed.
- the second invention has an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms at the terminal with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin, has a saponification degree of 30 to 99.9 mol%, and has a viscosity average polymerization degree of A polyvinyl chloride resin composition containing 0.005 to 5 parts by weight of a vinyl alcohol polymer of 1000 or less and 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a zinc compound.
- the lubricant is contained in an amount of 0.001 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin.
- the lubricant is preferably a fatty acid ester of a polyol, and particularly preferably glycerin monostearate.
- the above-mentioned problems are that the saponification degree is 30 to 99.9 mol% and the viscosity average polymerization degree is 1000 or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin, and a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof at the terminal.
- a method for producing a polyvinyl chloride resin composition in which 0.005 to 5 parts by weight of a vinyl alcohol polymer having a hydrogen content of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a zinc compound is added to the polyvinyl chloride resin.
- the terminal has an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms at 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin, the saponification degree is 30 to 99.9 mol%, and the viscosity average polymerization degree is 1000 or less.
- This can also be solved by a method for producing a polyvinyl chloride resin composition in which 0.005 to 5 parts by weight of a vinyl alcohol polymer and 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a zinc compound are added to the polyvinyl chloride resin.
- the vinyl alcohol polymer may be abbreviated as PVA.
- a vinyl alcohol polymer having a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof at the terminal may be abbreviated as acid-modified PVA.
- a vinyl alcohol polymer having an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms at the terminal may be abbreviated as alkyl-modified PVA.
- the acid-modified PVA and the alkyl-modified PVA may be simply abbreviated as modified PVA.
- the resin composition of the present invention can achieve the effect of being able to obtain a molded article that is excellent in thermal stability during molding and that is less colored.
- a vinyl chloride monomer as a main component and a mixture thereof with a copolymerizable monomer (single vinyl chloride)
- the body is 50% by weight or more.
- monomers copolymerized with this vinyl chloride monomer include vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, acrylic esters or methacrylic esters such as methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate, ethylene, Examples include olefins such as propylene, maleic anhydride, acrylonitrile, styrene, and vinylidene chloride.
- a method for producing the polyvinyl chloride resin using these monomers a method of suspension polymerization of the monomers in the presence of a polymerization initiator can be suitably employed.
- dispersion stabilizers for example, water-soluble cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin; sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan trio.
- Oil-soluble emulsifiers such as rate, glycerin tristearate, ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymer; water-soluble emulsification such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene glycerin oleate, sodium laurate Among them, polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 65 to 99 mol% and a polymerization degree of 500 to 4000 is preferably used, and the addition amount is 0.01 to 2.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride. preferable.
- the dispersion stabilizer for suspension polymerization may be used alone, but a polymerization degree of 100 to 4000 and a saponification degree of 30 to 99 which are usually used for suspension polymerization of vinyl compounds such as vinyl chloride in an aqueous medium.
- the addition amount of the mol% polyvinyl alcohol polymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 2.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of vinyl compound such as vinyl chloride.
- oil-soluble or water-soluble polymerization initiators conventionally used for polymerization of vinyl chloride monomers and the like can be used.
- oil-soluble polymerization initiator include percarbonate compounds such as diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, di-2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate, diethoxyethyl peroxydicarbonate; t-butyl peroxyneodecanate, t -Perester compounds such as butyl peroxypivalate, t-hexyl peroxypivalate, ⁇ -cumyl peroxyneodecanate; acetylcyclohexylsulfonyl peroxide, 2,4,4-trimethylpentyl-2-peroxyphenoxyacetate Peroxides such as 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl peroxide and lauroyl peroxide; azo compounds such as azobis-2,4-dimethylvaleron
- water-soluble polymerization initiator examples include potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, and the like. These oil-soluble or water-soluble polymerization initiators can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- additives can be added to the polymerization reaction system as necessary.
- the additive include polymerization regulators such as aldehydes, halogenated hydrocarbons and mercaptans, and polymerization inhibitors such as phenol compounds, sulfur compounds and N-oxide compounds.
- a pH adjuster, a crosslinking agent, etc. can also be added arbitrarily.
- the polymerization temperature is not particularly limited, and can be adjusted to a high temperature exceeding 90 ° C. as well as a low temperature of about 20 ° C.
- additives such as preservatives, antifungal agents, anti-blocking agents, antifoaming agents, anti-scale agents, antistatic agents and the like that are usually used for polymerization can be optionally added as necessary.
- the modified PVA contained in the polyvinyl chloride resin composition of the present invention has a vinyl alcohol polymer having a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof at the terminal, or an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms at the terminal. Vinyl alcohol polymer.
- These modified PVA can be contained, for example, by polymerizing a polyvinyl chloride resin and then adding it to the polyvinyl chloride resin.
- the modified PVA can be added to the polyvinyl chloride resin as a powder or dissolved in water or an organic solvent.
- the modified PVA acts as a dispersant for the polyvinyl chloride resin, which adversely affects the quality of the obtained polyvinyl chloride resin, such as the average particle diameter and plasticizer absorbability. May affect.
- the degree of saponification of the modified PVA is 30 to 99.9 mol%, preferably 40 to 98.5 mol%, particularly preferably 50 to 96 mol%. When the degree of saponification is less than 30 mol%, the long-term thermal stability is lowered, which is not preferable.
- the saponification degree of the modified PVA is a value measured according to JIS K6726.
- the modified PVA has a viscosity average degree of polymerization (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a degree of polymerization) of 1000 or less, preferably 800 or less, and particularly preferably 700 or less. Although there is no restriction
- the viscosity average degree of polymerization of the modified PVA is a value measured according to JIS K6726.
- the modified PVA is re-saponified to a degree of saponification of 99.5 mol% and purified, it can be obtained from the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] measured in water at 30 ° C. by the following equation.
- P ([ ⁇ ] ⁇ 1000 / 8.29) (1 / 0.62)
- the modified PVA may be used alone, or two or more kinds having different characteristics may be mixed and used.
- the acid-modified PVA used in the first invention needs to have a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof at the terminal.
- a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof at the terminal.
- functional groups such as alcohol, an aldehyde, a thiol, etc. which have a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group.
- Examples thereof include a method of introducing by reaction (see WO91 / 15518).
- a vinyl ester such as vinyl acetate is polymerized in the presence of a chain transfer agent having a carboxyl group, particularly a thiol having a carboxyl group, and then saponified.
- a chain transfer agent having a carboxyl group, particularly a thiol having a carboxyl group, and then saponified.
- thiols include thioglycolic acid, 2-mercaptopropionic acid, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, thiomalic acid, 2-mercaptobenzoic acid, 3-mercaptobenzoic acid, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid, 4-carboxyphenylethylthiol.
- thiol having a carboxyl group such as The carboxyl group may be an ester or a salt such as an alkali metal salt.
- a vinyl ester such as vinyl acetate is polymerized in the presence of a chain transfer agent having a sulfonic acid group, particularly a thiol having a sulfonic acid group, and then saponified.
- a chain transfer agent having a sulfonic acid group particularly a thiol having a sulfonic acid group
- examples of such thiols include thiols having a sulfonic acid group such as 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid, 3-mercaptopropanesulfonic acid, and 2-mercaptoethylbenzenesulfonic acid.
- the sulfonic acid group may be an ester or a salt such as an alkali metal salt.
- the chain transfer agent having a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group When the chain transfer agent having a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group is introduced into PVA, the carboxyl group or the sulfonic acid group may be converted into an alkali metal salt such as a sodium salt after undergoing a saponification step. However, these forms may be used.
- the alkyl-modified PVA used in the second invention needs to have an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms at the terminal.
- a various method is employable. For example, (1) a method of polymerizing a vinyl ester in the presence of a compound having a functional group such as alcohol, aldehyde, thiol or the like having an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms as a chain transfer agent, and saponifying the resulting polymer, or (2) A method of introducing an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms into the terminal of the vinyl alcohol polymer by a chemical reaction, and the like.
- a vinyl transfer agent such as vinyl acetate in the presence of a chain transfer agent having an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms, particularly a thiol having an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms.
- a method in which esters are polymerized and then saponified is preferable (see JP-A-59-166505 and JP-A-1-240501).
- Examples of the chain transfer agent having an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms include n-hexylaldehyde, n-octylaldehyde, 2-ethyl-hexylaldehyde, n-caprinaldehyde, n-decylaldehyde, n-undecylaldehyde, n Aldehydes having 6 or more carbon atoms such as lauryl aldehyde, n-tridecyl aldehyde, cetyl aldehyde, palmityl aldehyde, stearyl aldehyde; or n-hexyl mercaptan, n-octyl mercaptan, n-decyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, n -Mercaptans having 6 or more carbon atoms such as octadecyl mer
- modified PVAs are obtained by polymerizing a vinyl ester monomer using a conventionally known method such as a bulk polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a dispersion polymerization method, and the like. It can be produced by saponifying an ester polymer. From the industrial viewpoint, preferred polymerization methods are solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization and dispersion polymerization. In the polymerization operation, any one of a batch method, a semi-batch method, and a continuous method can be employed.
- the vinyl ester monomer When the vinyl ester monomer is polymerized, the vinyl ester monomer may be copolymerized with other monomers as long as the gist of the present invention is not impaired. It is preferable to polymerize alone.
- the vinyl ester monomer may be copolymerized with another monomer as long as the gist of the present invention is not impaired.
- monomers that can be used include ⁇ -olefins such as propylene, n-butene, and isobutylene; acrylic acid and salts thereof, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, i-propyl acrylate, Acrylic esters such as n-butyl acrylate, i-butyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate; methacrylic acid and its salts; methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid Methacrylic acid esters such as ethyl, n-propyl methacrylate, i-propyl methacrylate, n-
- Vinylsilyl compounds polyoxyethylene (meth) acrylate, polyoxypropylene (meth) acrylate, polyoxyethylene (meth) acrylic amide, polyoxypropylene (meth) acrylic acid Imide, polyoxyethylene (1- (meth) acrylamide-1,1-dimethylpropyl) ester, polyoxyethylene (meth) allyl ether, polyoxypropylene (meth) allyl ether, polyoxyethylene vinyl ether, polyoxypropylene vinyl ether, etc.
- Oxyalkylene group-containing monomers isopropenyl acetate and the like.
- modified PVA having a high 1,2-glycol bond content obtained by polymerizing a vinyl ester monomer under a temperature condition higher than usual can also be used.
- the content of 1,2-glycol bond is preferably 1.9 mol% or more, more preferably 2.0 mol% or more, and further preferably 2.1 mol% or more.
- the saponification reaction of vinyl ester polymers alcoholysis or hydrolysis using conventionally known basic catalysts such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and sodium methoxide, or acidic catalysts such as p-toluenesulfonic acid.
- Decomposition reaction can be applied.
- the solvent used for the saponification reaction include alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; esters such as methyl acetate and ethyl acetate; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene.
- the content of the modified PVA in the polyvinyl chloride resin composition is 0.005 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.04 to 3 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin. If it is less than 0.005 parts by weight, the long-term thermal stability is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 5 parts by weight, the polyvinyl chloride resin is unfavorably colored.
- the modified PVA used in the present invention When the modified PVA used in the present invention is added at the time of polymerization of the polyvinyl chloride resin, the modified PVA is almost removed by washing the resin after the production of the polyvinyl chloride resin, so that the modification in the polyvinyl chloride resin composition is performed.
- the content of PVA is less than 0.005 parts by weight, and the effect as a heat stabilization aid cannot be obtained.
- the modified PVA may contain an acid having a pKa of 3.5 to 5.5 at 25 ° C. and / or a metal salt thereof.
- an acid having a pKa of 3.5 to 5.5 at 25 ° C. and / or a metal salt thereof There is no restriction
- Acids that can be particularly preferably used are acetic acid, propionic acid, and lactic acid.
- the metal salt of said acid can also be used.
- alkali metal salts such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, are used.
- the content of the acid having a pKa of 3.5 to 5.5 and / or a metal salt thereof is preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the modified PVA. Parts, more preferably 0.15 to 2 parts by weight.
- the content of the acid and / or metal salt thereof with respect to the modified PVA is less than 0.05 parts by weight, the long-term thermal stability is lowered, and when it exceeds 5 parts by weight, the polyvinyl chloride resin is unfavorably colored.
- the method for containing the acid and / or a metal salt thereof in a predetermined amount is not particularly limited.
- the method for adjusting the type and amount of the alkali catalyst used in the saponification when producing the modified PVA examples include a method of adding or removing the acid and / or its metal salt.
- Examples of the zinc compound used in the present invention include zinc aliphatic carboxylates such as zinc stearate, zinc laurate and zinc oleate, and zinc aromatic carboxylates such as zinc benzoate and zinc p-tert-butylbenzoate. And zinc salts of organic acids such as amino acid zinc salts and phosphate zinc salts, and inorganic zinc salts such as zinc oxide and zinc carbonate.
- the amount of the zinc compound added is 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.05 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin.
- the zinc compound can be contained by polymerizing a polyvinyl chloride resin and then adding it to the polyvinyl chloride resin.
- the polyvinyl chloride resin composition of the present invention comprises a stabilizer, a phenolic antioxidant, a phosphorus antioxidant, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, an antifogging agent, an antistatic agent, a flame retardant, a lubricant, A modifier, a reinforcing agent, a pigment, a foaming agent, a plasticizer, and the like can be used in combination.
- the polyvinyl chloride resin composition of the present invention may be mixed with other resins as long as the mechanical properties are not impaired.
- the lubricant examples include hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffin, natural paraffin, microwax and polyethylene wax; fatty acids such as stearic acid and lauric acid; stearic acid amide, palmitic acid amide, methylene bisstearamide, ethylene bisstearamide, etc. Fatty acid amides; fatty acid esters of monoalcohols such as butyl stearate; fatty acid esters of polyols such as hydrogenated castor oil, ethylene glycol monostearate, glycerin monostearate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate; cetyl alcohol and Examples include alcohols such as stearyl alcohol.
- hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffin, natural paraffin, microwax and polyethylene wax
- fatty acids such as stearic acid and lauric acid
- the fatty acid ester of polyol when used, the effect of the present invention is further exhibited.
- it is preferable that it is a fatty acid monoester of a polyol, and it is also preferable that it is a fatty acid ester of glycerol.
- the fatty acid ester preferably has 8 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably a stearic acid ester.
- glycerol monostearate is particularly preferable.
- the amount of the lubricant added is preferably 0.001 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin.
- alkaline earth metal soaps such as calcium soap and barium soap, aluminum soaps, organometallic salts such as organophosphate metal salts, metal oxidation Metal hydroxides, metal carbonates, inorganic metal salts such as inorganic composite metal salts such as zeolite, barium chlorate, barium perchlorate, halogen peroxyacid salts such as sodium perchlorate, ⁇ -diketone, polyvalent Non-metal stabilizers such as alcohol and epoxy compounds can be mentioned.
- plasticizer examples include acids such as phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, and azelaic acid, and n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, n-pentanol, isopentanol, tert-pentanol, n-hexanol, isohexanol, n-heptanol, isoheptanol, n-octanol, isooctanol, 2-ethylhexanol, n-nonanol, isononanol, n-decanol Of straight-chain and branched alkyl alcohols such as isodecanol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, palmityl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, alone or as a mixture, or esters of
- the phenolic antioxidant is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used.
- the phosphorus-based antioxidant may be any of those usually used.
- trisnonylphenyl phosphite tris (2,4-ditertiarybutylphenyl) phosphite, tris [2-tertiarybutyl -4- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenylthio) -5-methylphenyl] phosphite
- tridecyl phosphite tridecyl phosphite
- octyl diphenyl phosphite di (decyl) monophenyl phosphite
- di ( Tridecyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite
- di (nonylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite bis (2,4-ditert-butylphenyl) pentaerythr
- ultraviolet absorber examples include 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-octoxybenzophenone, and 5,5′-methylenebis (2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone).
- 2-hydroxybenzophenones such as 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2-hydroxy-3,5-ditert-butylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2-hydroxy-3,5-dicumylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2,2′-methylenebis ( 4-tert-octyl-6-benzotriazolyl) phenol, 2- (2- 2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazoles such as polyethylene glycol ester of droxy-3-tert-butyl-5-carboxyphenyl) benzotriazole; phenyl salicylate resorcinol monobenzoate, 2,4-ditert-butylphenyl-3 Benzoates such as 1,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, he
- Examples of the light stabilizer include 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl stearate, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl stearate, 2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylbenzoate, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, tetrakis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) butanetetracarboxylate, tetrates (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) butanetetracarboxylate, bis (1,2,2 2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) di (tridecyl) -1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, bis (1,2,2,6, -Pentamethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) malonate, 1- (2-hydroxyethyl
- Examples of the processing method for the polyvinyl chloride resin composition of the present invention include extrusion processing, calendar processing, blow molding, press processing, powder molding, injection molding and the like.
- Example 1 Manufacture of polyvinyl chloride resin
- a dispersion stabilizer was prepared by dissolving polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 850 and a saponification degree of 72 mol% in deionized water in an amount corresponding to 600 ppm with respect to vinyl chloride.
- the dispersion stabilizer thus obtained was charged into a glass-lined autoclave in which the scale adhesion inhibitor NOXOL WSW (CIRS) was applied to a solid content of 0.3 g / m 2 .
- NOXOL WSW scale adhesion inhibitor
- the polymerization temperature was maintained at 60 ° C., and 24.0 parts of a 50% methanol solution of 3-MPA was uniformly added over 4 hours. After 4 hours, when the polymerization rate reached 60%, the polymerization was stopped by cooling. Next, unreacted vinyl acetate was removed under reduced pressure to obtain a methanol solution of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc).
- the PVAc solution adjusted to 30% was saponified by adding a NaOH methanol solution (10% concentration) so that the alkali molar ratio (number of moles of NaOH / number of moles of vinyl ester units in PVAc) was 0.004.
- Thermal stability test The amount of acid-modified PVA shown in Table 1, 2 parts by weight of zinc stearate, 1 part by weight of calcium stearate, and 20 parts by weight of dioctyl phthalate were mixed with 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin.
- This polyvinyl chloride resin composition was kneaded with a test roll at 170 ° C. for 5 minutes to prepare a sheet having a thickness of 0.45 mm. This sheet was cut into 50 ⁇ 70 mm. This sheet piece was put in a gear oven, and the time until it became completely black at a temperature of 180 ° C. was measured, and used as an index of thermal stability.
- Example 2 In Example 1, the same method was used except that sodium mercapto 1-propanesulfonate was used as a chain transfer agent during polymerization, the charge weight of vinyl acetate and methanol was changed, and the alkali molar ratio was changed during saponification.
- the acid-modified PVA shown in FIG. The thermal stability and colorability were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Examples 3 and 4 In this example, 1 part by weight of glycerin monostearate is added as a lubricant to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin.
- the formulations as shown in Table 1 were mixed in the same manner as in Example 1, and the thermal stability and colorability were evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 In Example 1, unmodified PVA shown in Table 1 was used in the same manner as in Table 1 except that the chain transfer agent was not used during polymerization, the charge weight of vinyl acetate and methanol was changed, and the alkali molar ratio was changed during saponification. Got. The thermal stability and colorability were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1. Long-term thermal stability was not sufficient.
- Comparative Examples 2 and 3 Thermal stability and colorability were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the blending amount of acid-modified PVA with respect to polyvinyl chloride resin (PVC) was changed as shown in Table 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1. When the amount of the acid-modified PVA was too much, it was colored yellow, and when it was too little, the long-term thermal stability was not sufficient.
- Comparative Example 7 (Production of terminal SH-PVA) A 6 L reactor equipped with a stirrer, nitrogen inlet, additive inlet, and initiator inlet was charged with 2450 g of vinyl acetate and 1050 g of methanol, heated to 60 ° C., and then purged with nitrogen by nitrogen bubbling for 30 minutes. . A 15% concentration solution in which thioacetic acid was dissolved in methanol as a chain transfer agent was prepared, and nitrogen substitution was performed by bubbling with nitrogen gas. The temperature inside the reaction vessel was adjusted to 60 ° C., 5.6 g of the previously prepared methanol solution of thioacetic acid was added, and then 2.0 g of 2,2′-azobis (isobutyronitrile) was added to perform polymerization.
- 2,2′-azobis isobutyronitrile
- PVAc polyvinyl acetate
- the PVAc solution adjusted to 30% was saponified by adding a NaOH methanol solution (10% concentration) so that the alkali molar ratio (number of moles of NaOH / number of moles of vinyl ester units in PVAc) was 0.004.
- terminal SH-PVA having a polymerization degree of 250 and a saponification degree of 63 mol% was obtained.
- the sodium acetate content measured by isotachophoresis (isotacophoresis) was 1.5%.
- Comparative Examples 8 and 9 In this example, 1 part by weight of glycerin monostearate is added as a lubricant to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin.
- the formulations as shown in Table 1 were mixed in the same manner as in Example 1, and the thermal stability and colorability were evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 (Production of alkyl-modified PVA)
- n-DDM n-dodecyl mercaptan
- the system was charged and heated to 60 ° C., and then the system was purged with nitrogen by nitrogen bubbling for 30 minutes.
- the temperature inside the reaction vessel was adjusted to 60 ° C., and 1.2 parts of 2,2′-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) was added to initiate polymerization.
- the polymerization temperature was maintained at 60 ° C., and 95.6 parts of a methanol / vinyl acetate solution (vinyl acetate concentration 80%) containing 19 parts of n-DDM was uniformly added over 5 hours. After 5 hours, when the polymerization rate reached 50%, the polymerization was stopped by cooling. Next, unreacted vinyl acetate was removed under reduced pressure to obtain a methanol solution of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc).
- the PVAc solution adjusted to 30% was saponified by adding NaOH methanol solution (10% concentration) so that the alkali molar ratio (number of moles of NaOH / number of moles of vinyl ester units in PVAc) was 0.008.
- an alkyl-modified PVA having a saponification degree of 88.0 mol% was obtained.
- the sodium acetate content measured by isotachophoresis (isotacophoresis) was 1.0%.
- the alkyl-modified PVA was washed with methyl acetate containing a small amount of water under reflux, purified by Soxhlet extraction with methanol for 48 hours, dissolved in heavy water, and analyzed by NMR.
- the viscosity average degree of polymerization of the alkyl-modified PVA was 250 when measured according to a conventional method JIS K6726.
- Thermal stability test To 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, an alkyl-modified PVA aqueous solution was added to an amount shown in Table 1 using an alkyl-modified PVA aqueous solution having a concentration of 1% and dried under reduced pressure. And dried at 50 ° C. for 8 hours. To this vinyl chloride resin composition, 2 parts by weight of zinc stearate, 1 part by weight of calcium stearate, and 20 parts by weight of dioctyl phthalate were mixed. This vinyl chloride resin composition was kneaded with a test roll at 175 ° C. for 5 minutes to prepare a sheet having a thickness of 0.45 mm. This sheet was cut into 50 ⁇ 70 mm. This sheet piece was put in a gear oven, and the time until it became completely black at a temperature of 180 ° C. was measured, and used as an index of thermal stability.
- Example 6 In Example 5, the type of chain transfer agent was changed to n-octyl mercaptan at the time of polymerization, the charge weight of vinyl acetate, methanol and chain transfer agent (n-octyl mercaptan) was changed, and the alkali molar ratio was changed at the time of saponification. Except for the above, alkyl-modified PVA shown in Table 2 was obtained in the same manner. The thermal stability and colorability were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 7 In Example 5, the type of chain transfer agent was changed to n-hexyl mercaptan at the time of polymerization, the charge weight of vinyl acetate, methanol and chain transfer agent (n-hexyl mercaptan) was changed, and the alkali molar ratio was changed at the time of saponification. Except for the above, alkyl-modified PVA shown in Table 2 was obtained in the same manner. The thermal stability and colorability were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
- Examples 8-10 In this example, 1 part by weight of glycerin monostearate is added as a lubricant to 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin.
- the formulations as shown in Table 2 were mixed in the same manner as in Example 5 to evaluate thermal stability and colorability. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 10 Comparative Example 10
- the type of chain transfer agent was changed to t-butyl mercaptan during polymerization, the charge weight of vinyl acetate, methanol and chain transfer agent (t-butyl mercaptan) was changed, and the alkali molar ratio was changed during saponification.
- alkyl-modified PVA shown in Table 2 was obtained in the same manner.
- the thermal stability and colorability were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2. Long-term thermal stability was not sufficient.
- Comparative Examples 11 and 12 Thermal stability and colorability were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the blending amount of the alkyl-modified PVA with respect to the vinyl chloride resin (PVC) was changed as shown in Table 2. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2. When the amount of the alkyl-modified PVA was too large, it was colored yellow, and when it was too small, the long-term thermal stability was not sufficient.
- Comparative Examples 14 and 15 Thermal stability and colorability were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the amount of zinc stearate was changed as shown in Table 2. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2. In either case, the thermal stability was insufficient and the sheet was colored.
- Comparative Example 16 (Production of terminal SH-PVA) A 6 L reactor equipped with a stirrer, nitrogen inlet, additive inlet, and initiator inlet was charged with 2450 g of vinyl acetate and 1050 g of methanol, heated to 60 ° C., and then purged with nitrogen by nitrogen bubbling for 30 minutes. . A 15% concentration solution in which thioacetic acid was dissolved in methanol as a chain transfer agent was prepared, and nitrogen substitution was performed by bubbling with nitrogen gas. The temperature inside the reaction vessel was adjusted to 60 ° C., 5.6 g of the previously prepared methanol solution of thioacetic acid was added, and then 2.0 g of 2,2′-azobis (isobutyronitrile) was added to perform polymerization.
- 2,2′-azobis isobutyronitrile
- terminal SH-PVA having a polymerization degree of 250 and a saponification degree of 88 mol% was obtained.
- the sodium acetate content measured by isotachophoresis (isotacophoresis) was 1.0%.
- Comparative Examples 17-18 In this example, 1 part by weight of glycerin monostearate is added as a lubricant to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin.
- the formulations as shown in Table 2 were mixed in the same manner as in Example 5 to evaluate thermal stability and colorability. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
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Abstract
Description
P=([η]×1000/8.29)(1/0.62)
(ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂の製造)
重合度850、けん化度72モル%のポリビニルアルコールを塩化ビニルに対して600ppmに相当する量で脱イオン水に溶解させ、分散安定剤を調製した。このようにして得られた分散安定剤を、スケール付着防止剤NOXOL WSW(CIRS社製)が固形分として0.3g/m2になるように塗布されたグラスライニング製オートクレーブに仕込んだ。次いで、グラスライニング製オートクレーブにジイソプロピルパーオキシジカーボネートの70%トルエン溶液0.04部を仕込み、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.0067MPaとなるまで脱気して酸素を除いた後、塩化ビニル30部を仕込み、オートクレーブ内の内容物を57℃に昇温して撹拌下に重合を開始した。重合開始時におけるオートクレーブ内の圧力は0.83MPaであった。重合を開始してから7時間経過後、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.44MPaとなった時点で重合を停止し、未反応の塩化ビニルを除去した後、重合反応物を取り出し、65℃にて一晩乾燥を行い、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂(PVC)を得た。
撹拌機、窒素導入口、添加剤導入口および開始剤添加口を備えた6L反応槽に酢酸ビニル2400部、メタノール600部および3-メルカプトプロピオン酸(以下3-MPAと記載する)0.45部を仕込み、60℃に昇温した後30分間窒素バブリングにより系中を窒素置換した。上記の反応槽内温を60℃に調整し、2,2’-アゾビス(4-メトキシ-2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)1.2部を加えて重合を開始した。重合中は重合温度を60℃に維持し、3-MPAの50%メタノール溶液24.0部を4時間にわたって均一に加えた。4時間後に重合率が60%に達したところで冷却して重合を停止した。次いで、減圧下にて未反応の酢酸ビニルを除去し、ポリ酢酸ビニル(PVAc)のメタノール溶液を得た。30%に調整したPVAc溶液にアルカリモル比(NaOHのモル数/PVAc中のビニルエステル単位のモル数)が0.004となるようにNaOHメタノール溶液(10%濃度)を添加してけん化した。以上の操作によりけん化度63.0モル%の酸変性PVAを得た。等速電気泳動法(イソタコフォレシス))により測定した酢酸ナトリウム含有量は1.5%であった。この酸変性PVAを重水に溶解し、核磁気共鳴分析を行ったところ、分子内の片末端にカルボキシル基(カルボン酸Na基)が存在していることが確認された。該酸変性PVAの粘度平均重合度を常法のJIS K6726に準じて測定したところ250であった。
ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂100重量部に対し、表1に示す量の酸変性PVA、ステアリン酸亜鉛2重量部、ステアリン酸カルシウム1重量部、ジオクチルフタレート20重量部を混合した。このポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物をテストロールにより170℃で5分間混練し、厚さ0.45mmのシートを作成した。このシートを50×70mmにカットした。このシート片をギヤーオーブン中に入れ、180℃の温度で完全に黒色になるまでの時間を測定し、熱安定性の指標とした。
上記テストロールで得られたシートを45×30mmにカットし、得られたシート片を数枚重ね合わせ、185℃で5分間プレスして厚さ5mmの試験片を作成し、目視により着色性を比較し、以下の基準にしたがって判定した。
A:着色がほとんどない。
B:黄色である。
C:黄褐色である。
実施例1において、重合時に連鎖移動剤としてメルカプト1-プロパンスルホン酸ナトリウムを使用し、酢酸ビニルとメタノールの仕込み重量を変更し、けん化時にアルカリモル比を変更した以外は同様の方法で、表1に示す酸変性PVAを得た。実施例1と同様にして熱安定性、着色性の評価を行った。評価結果を表1に示す。
滑剤としてグリセリンモノステアレートを、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂100重量部に対して、1重量部添加した例である。表1に示すような処方で実施例1と同様に混合して、熱安定性、着色性の評価を行った。評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、重合時に連鎖移動剤を使用せずに、酢酸ビニルとメタノールの仕込み重量を変更し、けん化時にアルカリモル比を変更した以外は同様の方法で、表1に示す未変性のPVAを得た。実施例1と同様にして熱安定性、着色性の評価を行った。評価結果を表1に示す。長期の熱安定性が十分でなかった。
酸変性PVAのポリ塩化ビニル樹脂(PVC)に対する配合量を表1に示すように変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、熱安定性、着色性の評価を行った。評価結果を表1に示す。酸変性PVA配合量が多すぎる場合は黄色に着色し、少なすぎる場合は長期の熱安定性が十分でなかった。
ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂に酸変性PVAを添加しなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして熱安定性、着色性を評価した。評価結果を表1に示す。熱安定性が十分ではなかった。
ステアリン酸亜鉛の配合量を表1に示すように変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、熱安定性、着色性を評価した。評価結果を表1に示す。いずれも熱安定性が不十分であり、シートが着色した。
(末端SH化PVAの製造)
撹拌機、窒素導入口、添加剤導入口および開始剤添加口を備えた6L反応槽に酢酸ビニル2450g、メタノール1050gを仕込み、60℃に昇温した後30分間窒素バブリングにより系中を窒素置換した。連鎖移動剤としてチオ酢酸をメタノールに溶解した濃度15%溶液を調製し、窒素ガスによるバブリングを行って窒素置換した。上記の反応槽内温を60℃に調整し、先に調整したチオ酢酸のメタノール溶液5.6gを添加した後に、2,2’-アゾビス(イソブチロニトリル)2.0gを加えて重合を開始した。重合中は重合温度を60℃に維持し、チオ酢酸の15%メタノール溶液を14.5mL/hrで連続添加した。4時間後に重合率が60%に達したところで冷却して重合を停止した。次いで、減圧下にて未反応の酢酸ビニルを除去し、ポリ酢酸ビニル(PVAc)のメタノール溶液を得た。30%に調整したPVAc溶液にアルカリモル比(NaOHのモル数/PVAc中のビニルエステル単位のモル数)が0.004となるようにNaOHメタノール溶液(10%濃度)を添加してけん化した。以上の操作により重合度250、けん化度63モル%の末端SH化PVAを得た。等速電気泳動法(イソタコフォレシス))により測定した酢酸ナトリウム含有量は1.5%であった。この末端SH化PVAを重水に溶解し、核磁気共鳴分析を行ったところ、分子の片末端にSH基が存在していることが確認された。
滑剤としてグリセリンモノステアレートを、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂100重量部に対して、1重量部添加した例である。表1に示すような処方で実施例1と同様に混合して、熱安定性、着色性の評価を行った。評価結果を表1に示す。
(アルキル変性PVAの製造)
撹拌機、窒素導入口、添加剤導入口および開始剤添加口を備えた6L反応槽に酢酸ビニル2400部、メタノール600部およびn-ドデシルメルカプタン(以下n-DDMと記載する)0.99部を仕込み、60℃に昇温した後30分間窒素バブリングにより系中を窒素置換した。上記の反応槽内温を60℃に調整し、2,2’-アゾビス(4-メトキシ-2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)1.2部を加えて重合を開始した。重合中は重合温度を60℃に維持し、n-DDM19部を含むメタノール/酢酸ビニル溶液(酢酸ビニル濃度80%)95.6部を5時間にわたって均一に加えた。5時間後に重合率が50%に達したところで冷却して重合を停止した。次いで、減圧下にて未反応の酢酸ビニルを除去し、ポリ酢酸ビニル(PVAc)のメタノール溶液を得た。30%に調整したPVAc溶液にアルカリモル比(NaOHのモル数/PVAc中のビニルエステル単位のモル数)が0.008となるようにNaOHメタノール溶液(10%濃度)を添加してけん化した。以上の操作によりけん化度88.0モル%のアルキル変性PVAを得た。等速電気泳動法(イソタコフォレシス))により測定した酢酸ナトリウム含有量は1.0%であった。上記アルキル変性PVAを少量の水を含む酢酸メチルで還流下に洗浄し、メタノールで48時間ソックスレー抽出による精製を行った後、重水に溶解し、NMRによる分析を行った。これにより、n-ドデシル基のメチル基のプロトンがσ=0.85-1.10ppmに認められ、分子の片末端にCH3-(CH2)11-S基を有するアルキル変性PVAであることが確認できた。該アルキル変性PVAの粘度平均重合度を常法のJIS K6726に準じて測定したところ250であった。
実施例1と同様にして得られたポリ塩化ビニル樹脂100重量部に対し、1%濃度のアルキル変性PVA水溶液を用いて表1に示す量になるようにアルキル変性PVA水溶液を添加し、減圧乾燥機により50℃で8時間乾燥した。この塩化ビニル樹脂組成物にステアリン酸亜鉛2重量部、ステアリン酸カルシウム1重量部、ジオクチルフタレート20重量部を混合した。この塩化ビニル樹脂組成物をテストロールにより175℃で5分間混練し、厚さ0.45mmのシートを作成した。このシートを50×70mmにカットした。このシート片をギヤーオーブン中に入れ、180℃の温度で完全に黒色になるまでの時間を測定し、熱安定性の指標とした。
上記テストロールで得られたシートを45×30mmにカットし、得られたシート片を数枚重ね合わせ、185℃で5分間プレスして厚さ5mmの試験片を作成し、目視により着色性を比較し、以下の基準にしたがって判定した。
A:着色がほとんどない。
B:黄色である。
C:黄褐色である。
実施例5において、重合時に連鎖移動剤の種類をn-オクチルメルカプタンに変更し、酢酸ビニルとメタノールと連鎖移動剤(n-オクチルメルカプタン)の仕込み重量を変更し、けん化時にアルカリモル比を変更した以外は同様の方法で、表2に示すアルキル変性PVAを得た。実施例5と同様にして熱安定性、着色性の評価を行った。評価結果を表2に示す。
実施例5において、重合時に連鎖移動剤の種類をn-ヘキシルメルカプタンに変更し、酢酸ビニルとメタノールと連鎖移動剤(n-ヘキシルメルカプタン)の仕込み重量を変更し、けん化時にアルカリモル比を変更した以外は同様の方法で、表2に示すアルキル変性PVAを得た。実施例5と同様にして熱安定性、着色性の評価を行った。評価結果を表2に示す。
滑剤としてグリセリンモノステアレートを、塩化ビニル樹脂100重量部に対して、1重量部添加した例である。表2に示すような処方で実施例5と同様に混合して、熱安定性、着色性の評価を行った。評価結果を表2に示す。
実施例5において、重合時に連鎖移動剤の種類をt-ブチルメルカプタンに変更し、酢酸ビニルとメタノールと連鎖移動剤(t-ブチルメルカプタン)の仕込み重量を変更し、けん化時にアルカリモル比を変更した以外は同様の方法で、表2に示すアルキル変性PVAを得た。実施例5と同様にして熱安定性、着色性の評価を行った。評価結果を表2に示す。長期の熱安定性が十分でなかった。
アルキル変性PVAの塩化ビニル系樹脂(PVC)に対する配合量を表2に示すように変更した以外は実施例5と同様にして、熱安定性、着色性の評価を行った。評価結果を表2に示す。アルキル変性PVA配合量が多すぎる場合は黄色に着色し、少なすぎる場合は長期の熱安定性が十分でなかった。
ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂にアルキル変性PVAを添加しなかったこと以外は、実施例5と同様にして熱安定性、着色性の評価を行った。評価結果を表2に示す。熱安定性が十分ではなかった。
ステアリン酸亜鉛の配合量を表2に示すように変更した以外は実施例5と同様にして、熱安定性、着色性を評価した。評価結果を表2に示す。いずれも熱安定性が不十分であり、シートが着色した。
(末端SH化PVAの製造)
撹拌機、窒素導入口、添加剤導入口および開始剤添加口を備えた6L反応槽に酢酸ビニル2450g、メタノール1050gを仕込み、60℃に昇温した後30分間窒素バブリングにより系中を窒素置換した。連鎖移動剤としてチオ酢酸をメタノールに溶解した濃度15%溶液を調製し、窒素ガスによるバブリングを行って窒素置換した。上記の反応槽内温を60℃に調整し、先に調整したチオ酢酸のメタノール溶液5.6gを添加した後に、2,2’-アゾビス(イソブチロニトリル)2.0gを加えて重合を開始した。重合中は重合温度を60℃に維持し、チオ酢酸の15%メタノール溶液を14.5mL/hrで連続添加した。4時間後に重合率が60%に達したところで冷却して重合を停止した。次いで、減圧下にて未反応の酢酸ビニルを除去し、ポリ酢酸ビニル(PVAc)のメタノール溶液を得た。30%に調整したPVAc溶液にアルカリモル比(NaOHのモル数/PVAc中のビニルエステル単位のモル数)が0.008となるようにNaOHメタノール溶液(10%濃度)を添加してけん化した。以上の操作により重合度250、けん化度88モル%の末端SH化PVAを得た。等速電気泳動法(イソタコフォレシス))により測定した酢酸ナトリウム含有量は1.0%であった。この変性PVAを重水に溶解し、核磁気共鳴分析を行ったところ、分子の片末端にSH基が存在していることが確認された。
滑剤としてグリセリンモノステアレートを、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂100重量部に対して、1重量部添加した例である。表2に示すような処方で実施例5と同様に混合して、熱安定性、着色性の評価を行った。評価結果を表2に示す。
Claims (10)
- ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂100重量部に対して、けん化度が30~99.9モル%、粘度平均重合度が1000以下であり、末端にカルボキシル基またはスルホン酸基またはそれらの塩を有するビニルアルコール系重合体を0.005~5重量部、および亜鉛化合物を0.01~5重量部含有するポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物。
- ビニルアルコール系重合体および亜鉛化合物を、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂に添加することによって含有させた請求項1に記載のポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物。
- ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂100重量部に対して、けん化度が30~99.9モル%、粘度平均重合度が1000以下であり、末端にカルボキシル基またはスルホン酸基またはそれらの塩を有するビニルアルコール系重合体0.005~5重量部、および亜鉛化合物0.01~5重量部をポリ塩化ビニル樹脂に添加するポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂100重量部に対して、末端に炭素数6以上のアルキル基を有し、けん化度が30~99.9モル%であり、粘度平均重合度が1000以下であるビニルアルコール系重合体を0.005~5重量部、および亜鉛化合物を0.01~5重量部含有するポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物。
- ビニルアルコール系重合体および亜鉛化合物を、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂に添加することによって含有させた請求項4に記載のポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物。
- ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂100重量部に対して、末端に炭素数6以上のアルキル基を有し、けん化度が30~99.9モル%であり、粘度平均重合度が1000以下であるビニルアルコール系重合体0.005~5重量部、および亜鉛化合物0.01~5重量部をポリ塩化ビニル樹脂に添加するポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂100重量部に対して滑剤を0.001~10重量部含有する、請求項1、2、4、5のいずれか1項に記載のポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物。
- 滑剤がポリオールの脂肪酸エステルである、請求項7に記載のポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物。
- ポリオールの脂肪酸エステルがグリセリンモノステアレートである、請求項8に記載のポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物。
- ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂100重量部に対して滑剤0.001~10重量部を添加する、請求項3または6に記載のポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物の製造方法。
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EP09770111A EP2292690B1 (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2009-06-22 | Polyvinyl chloride resin composition and method for producing same |
US12/999,167 US20110213063A1 (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2009-06-22 | Polyvinyl chloride resin composition and method for producing same |
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WO2011093487A1 (ja) * | 2010-02-01 | 2011-08-04 | 株式会社クラレ | ポリ塩化ビニル用熱安定剤、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂組成物およびその製造方法 |
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US8288465B2 (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2012-10-16 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Polyvinyl chloride resin compositions and manufacturing method therefor |
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EP2532708A4 (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2015-07-01 | Kuraray Co | HEAT STABILIZER FOR POLVINYL CHLORIDE, POLVINYL CHLORIDE RESIN COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
JP5755152B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-01 | 2015-07-29 | 株式会社クラレ | ポリ塩化ビニル用熱安定剤およびその製造方法 |
CN102822266B (zh) * | 2010-02-01 | 2015-09-16 | 可乐丽股份有限公司 | 聚氯乙烯用热稳定剂、聚氯乙烯树脂组合物及其制备方法 |
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US20110213063A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
KR20110034646A (ko) | 2011-04-05 |
JPWO2009157401A1 (ja) | 2011-12-15 |
CN102131864A (zh) | 2011-07-20 |
TW201005022A (en) | 2010-02-01 |
EP2447320A1 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
EP2292690A1 (en) | 2011-03-09 |
CN102131864B (zh) | 2013-08-14 |
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