WO2009109362A1 - Ball screw drive comprising a rotationally driven ball nut - Google Patents
Ball screw drive comprising a rotationally driven ball nut Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009109362A1 WO2009109362A1 PCT/EP2009/001509 EP2009001509W WO2009109362A1 WO 2009109362 A1 WO2009109362 A1 WO 2009109362A1 EP 2009001509 W EP2009001509 W EP 2009001509W WO 2009109362 A1 WO2009109362 A1 WO 2009109362A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ball
- bearing
- ball screw
- nut
- ball nut
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
- F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/16—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls
- F16C19/163—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls with angular contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0421—Electric motor acting on or near steering gear
- B62D5/0424—Electric motor acting on or near steering gear the axes of motor and final driven element of steering gear, e.g. rack, being parallel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0442—Conversion of rotational into longitudinal movement
- B62D5/0445—Screw drives
- B62D5/0448—Ball nuts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
- F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
- F16C29/06—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load
- F16C29/068—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with the bearing body fully encircling the guide rail or track
- F16C29/0683—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with the bearing body fully encircling the guide rail or track the bearing body encircles a rail or rod of circular cross-section, i.e. the linear bearing is not suited to transmit torque
- F16C29/0685—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with the bearing body fully encircling the guide rail or track the bearing body encircles a rail or rod of circular cross-section, i.e. the linear bearing is not suited to transmit torque with balls
- F16C29/0688—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with the bearing body fully encircling the guide rail or track the bearing body encircles a rail or rod of circular cross-section, i.e. the linear bearing is not suited to transmit torque with balls whereby a sleeve surrounds the circulating balls and thicker part of the sleeve form the load bearing tracks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/34—Rollers; Needles
- F16C33/36—Rollers; Needles with bearing-surfaces other than cylindrical, e.g. tapered; with grooves in the bearing surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
- F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
- F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
- F16H25/22—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
- F16H25/2204—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ball screw with a rotationally driven and rotatably mounted on a WälzArchitect- support bearing in a machine structure ball nut and with a linearly displaceable ball screw.
- Ball screws are used to convert rotary motion into linear motion. They are used, for example, in the machine tool industry for adjusting machine slides, where the rotary motion of electric servomotors is converted into a linear displacement movement, or as steering gears in automotive engineering, in which the rotational movement of the steering wheel or the steering column in a linear movement of the steered wheels adjusting handlebar serves.
- Ball screws are characterized in particular by the fact that they are largely free of play adjustable, so that the motion transmission is extremely accurate, and that they are, for example, compared to conventional trapezoidal threaded spindles low friction and therefore very smooth, which also a slip-stick effect is largely avoided.
- a distinction is made between ball screws in which the ball screw is rotated and the ball nut is moved linearly, and ball screws in which the ball nut is rotated and the ball screw is moved longitudinally.
- the present invention relates to the latter embodiment.
- the ball nut is generally rotatably supported by a rolling element support bearing in a machine structure and rotatably coupled via suitable transmission means, such as a drive belt, with a drive motor.
- a constructive or functional problem raises the support bearing, via which the ball nut is rotatably mounted in the machine structure.
- Further loads of the support bearing arise from additional high radial / axial accelerations due to non-uniformities of the input speed, which further reduce the bearing life. From the described bearing loads and possibly from the installation environment of the ball screw also results in relatively high storage temperatures, which reduce the grease life.
- the invention has for its object to provide a ball screw referred to in the preamble of claim 1, in which the support bearing substantially without an increase in cost over known support bearings has a more favorable ratio of bearing dimensions to bearing life or fat life.
- the invention is based on the finding that roller bearings with Wälz- bodies in the form of spherical rollers with, for example, two symmetrically flattened from a spherical base and parallel side surfaces with respect to conventional rolling bearings with Rillenku- gellagern, cylindrical roller bearings or needle bearings with the same outer diameter and the same have axial length over a greater load capacity or at the same load capacity over a smaller axial length.
- ball roller bearings are in principle already known for example from DE 10 2005 061 792 A1; However, it is not yet known to use spherical roller bearings as a support bearing for ball screws in ball screws.
- the invention is based on a ball screw drive with rotationally driven ball nut rotatably mounted on a rolling element support bearing in a machine structure and linearly displaceable ball screw.
- the Wälz stresses- support bearing is designed as a ball roller bearing.
- Ball rollers are rolling elements whose basic shape is that of a ball in which ball caps are missing on two opposite sides.
- the actual rolling surface cooperating with the races is accordingly a ball surface, so that ball rolling have the same carrying properties as balls of the same diameter.
- the invention also offers the possibility of using a bearing with smaller structural dimensions in the radial and / or axial direction for the same bearing life and thus, for example, reducing the storage costs.
- the ball roller bearing is designed as a four-point bearing.
- Four-point bearings are among the single-row angular contact ball bearings and thus require much less space in the axial direction than, for example, two-row versions. They are generally designed with split inner rings to accommodate the largest possible number of balls. Due to the embodiment of the invention as a ball roller bearing but can also be achieved, for example, in a one-piece inner ring largely dense Wälz stressesbe publishedung the camp.
- a further embodiment of the invention provides that the ball roller bearing has a trained directly on the outer circumference of the ball nut inner ball roller surface, that is executed without an inner ring. Such a configuration corresponds montagetechnisch a version with undivided inner ring, but can dispense with the inner ring, so that there is a smaller bearing diameter with the same wearing properties.
- the ball nut With a ball nut rotatably mounted in a machine structure, it can be provided according to a further embodiment of the invention that the ball nut itself is designed as a belt pulley and can be connected to a drive motor via a drive belt.
- the support bearing designed as a ball roller bearing is particularly suitable due to the larger number of rolling elements to absorb the resulting from the belt load uniform and non-uniform radial and axial loads.
- the ball nut carries on its outer circumference a pulley rigidly connected to the ball nut, as will also be explained with reference to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a ball screw drive for a linearly adjustable rack
- Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a ball screw with a ball bearing designed as a support bearing according to the prior art
- Fig. 3 is a view approximately as shown in FIG. 2, but with a designed as a ball roller bearing support bearings, and
- Fig. 4 is a view approximately as shown in FIG. 2, but with a designed as a four-point ball roller bearing support bearing.
- the ball screw drive 2 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a ball nut 4 rotatably mounted in a machine structure (not shown), which is coupled via a drive belt 6 to a drive motor (also not shown).
- a ball screw 10 Upon rotation of the ball nut 4 in one of the two indicated by the double arrow 8 directions of rotation, the ball screw 10 is linearly displaced in one of the two directions indicated by the double arrow 12 in a conventional manner.
- the ball screw 10 is formed at its left in Fig. 1 end as a rack 14 which cooperates, for example, with a steering pin, not shown.
- Fig. 2 shows the ball screw 2 in the region of the ball nut 4 in a longitudinal section, wherein the pivot bearing of the ball nut 4 serving support bearing 16 is formed in a conventional manner as a single-row ball bearing.
- the outer ring 18 of the support bearing 16 is fixedly mounted in a manner not shown in a machine structure, not shown.
- the ball nut 4 which is equipped in a conventional manner with a deflection and return sleeve for the non-loaded balls of the ball screw, carries on its outer periphery a fixed to the ball nut 4 pulley 20, via the drive belt 6 with a drive motor connected is. In this way, the ball nut 4 can be rotated and the ball screw 10 can be moved in the direction of the double arrow 12.
- the ball screw 102 shown in Fig. 3 corresponds in its construction substantially to the ball screw 2 of FIG. 1 and does not need to be described again in detail so far.
- the same components are provided with the same reference numerals, increased by 100.
- the ball screw 102 differs from the ball screw 2 in the configuration of the support bearing 116, which is formed as a ball roller bearing 117.
- the rolling elements are, however, designed as ball rollers, which, as described earlier, on the one hand, an increase in the number of rolling elements and so that better wearing characteristics, and on the other hand increases the space available for a grease filling and so the volume of fat can be increased, which in turn leads to an increase in grease life and thus the life of the bearing 116, 117.
- Fig. 4 shows a ball screw 202, which substantially corresponds in construction to that of Fig. 3, so that again a detailed description is not required. Same components as in Fig. 2 are given the same reference numerals, increased by 200.
- the support bearing 216 is formed as in FIG. 3 as a ball roller bearing, more precisely as a four-point ball roller bearing 217, which can accommodate higher axial forces in both directions compared to simple ball roller bearings and thereby replace, for example, a double-row angular contact ball bearings.
- the undivided inner rings are formed by formed on the outer circumference of the ball nut 104 and 204 ball roller surfaces 122 and 222, so that a separate inner ring can be omitted.
- integrated seals 124, 224 can readily be installed, further leaving sufficient space for receiving fat remains.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a ball screw drive (102) comprising a rotationally driven ball nut (104) which is rotationally received in a machine structure by a semi-locating rolling element bearing (116) and a linearly mobile ball screw (110). The semi-locating bearing (116) is designed as a ball roller bearing (177).
Description
Beschreibung description
Bezeichnung der ErfindungName of the invention
Kugelgewindetrieb mit drehangetriebener KugelmutterBall screw with rotationally driven ball nut
Gebiet der ErfindungField of the invention
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kugelgewindetrieb mit einer drehangetriebenen und über ein Wälzkörper- Stützlager in einer Maschinenstruktur drehgelagerten Kugelmutter sowie mit einer linear verschiebbaren Kugelspindel.The invention relates to a ball screw with a rotationally driven and rotatably mounted on a Wälzkörper- support bearing in a machine structure ball nut and with a linearly displaceable ball screw.
Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the invention
Kugelgewindetriebe dienen dazu, Drehbewegungen in Linearbewegungen umzuwandeln. Sie werden beispielsweise im Werkzeugmaschinenbau zur Verstel- lung von Maschinenschlitten eingesetzt, wo die Drehbewegung von elektrischen Stellmotoren in eine lineare Verstellbewegung umgewandelt wird, oder als Lenkgetriebe in der Kraftfahrzeugtechnik, bei denen die Drehbewegung des Lenkrades bzw. der Lenksäule in eine Linearbewegung eines die gelenkten Räder verstellenden Lenkers dient.Ball screws are used to convert rotary motion into linear motion. They are used, for example, in the machine tool industry for adjusting machine slides, where the rotary motion of electric servomotors is converted into a linear displacement movement, or as steering gears in automotive engineering, in which the rotational movement of the steering wheel or the steering column in a linear movement of the steered wheels adjusting handlebar serves.
Kugelgewindetriebe zeichnen sich insbesondere dadurch aus, dass sie weitgehend spielfrei einstellbar sind, so dass die Bewegungsübertragung äußerst präzise ist, und dass sie beispielsweise gegenüber herkömmlichen Trapezgewindespindeln reibungsarm und deshalb sehr leichtgängig sind, womit auch ein Slip- Stick- Effekt weitgehend vermieden wird.
Man unterscheidet grundsätzlich Kugelgewindetriebe, bei denen die Kugelspindel drehangetrieben und die Kugelmutter linear bewegt wird, sowie Kugelgewindetriebe, bei denen die Kugelmutter drehangetrieben und die Kugelspindel längs verschoben wird. Auf die letztere Ausführungsform bezieht sich die vorliegende Erfindung. In diesem Fall ist die Kugelmutter im allgemeinen über ein Wälzkörper-Stützlager in einer Maschinenstruktur drehgelagert und über geeignete Getriebemittel, beispielsweise einen Antriebsriemen, mit einem Antriebsmotor drehgekoppelt.Ball screws are characterized in particular by the fact that they are largely free of play adjustable, so that the motion transmission is extremely accurate, and that they are, for example, compared to conventional trapezoidal threaded spindles low friction and therefore very smooth, which also a slip-stick effect is largely avoided. In principle, a distinction is made between ball screws in which the ball screw is rotated and the ball nut is moved linearly, and ball screws in which the ball nut is rotated and the ball screw is moved longitudinally. The present invention relates to the latter embodiment. In this case, the ball nut is generally rotatably supported by a rolling element support bearing in a machine structure and rotatably coupled via suitable transmission means, such as a drive belt, with a drive motor.
Ein konstruktives bzw. funktionales Problem wirft dabei in vielen Fällen das Stützlager auf, über das die Kugelmutter in der Maschinenstruktur drehgelagert ist. In einigen besonderen Anwendungsfällen, insbesondere bei einer Verwendung in Kraftfahrzeugen mit einem Antrieb der Kugelmutter durch den Antriebsmotor, ergeben sich immer wieder Probleme mit der Lagerlebensdauer und mit der Fettgebrauchsdauer, sowie mit einer nicht ausreichenden statischen axialen sowie radialen Funktionssicherheit infolge erhöhter Riemenbelastungen, Abweichungen der Riemenangriffskraftrichtung von der Sollrichtung sowie den auf das Stützlager rückwirkenden Axialkräften. Weitere Belastungen des Stützlagers entstehen aus zusätzlichen hohen Radial-/Axial- Beschleunigungen infolge von Ungleichförmigkeiten der Antriebsdrehzahl, welche die Lagerlebensdauer weiter reduzieren. Aus den beschriebenen Lagerbelastungen und gegebenenfalls aus der Einbauumgebung des Kugelgewindetriebes ergeben sich außerdem verhältnismäßig hohe Lagertemperaturen, die die Fettgebrauchsdauer reduzieren.In many cases, a constructive or functional problem raises the support bearing, via which the ball nut is rotatably mounted in the machine structure. In some particular applications, especially when used in motor vehicles with a drive of the ball nut by the drive motor, there are always problems with the bearing life and with the fatigue life, and with insufficient static axial and radial reliability due to increased belt loads, deviations of the belt attack force direction from the desired direction and the axial forces acting on the support bearing. Further loads of the support bearing arise from additional high radial / axial accelerations due to non-uniformities of the input speed, which further reduce the bearing life. From the described bearing loads and possibly from the installation environment of the ball screw also results in relatively high storage temperatures, which reduce the grease life.
Eine Möglichkeit, die Lagerlebensdauer zu erhöhen, ist ganz allgemein die Verwendung eines größeren oder eines mehrreihigen Wälzlagers, was jedoch oft aus Gründen des zur Verfügung stehenden Einbauraumes nicht ohne weiteres möglich ist. Ein anderer Ansatz zur Lösung der oben beschriebenen Prob- lerne besteht darin, ein Kugellager mit geteiltem Innenring (oder Außenring) zu verwenden, welches bei gleichem Einbauraum eine Erhöhung der Kugelzahl erlaubt. Diese Lösung führt jedoch gleichzeitig zu einer Reduzierung der Fett-
menge im Lager und damit zu einer Reduzierung der Fettgebrauchsdauer, so dass diese Lösung insgesamt keinen Vorteil bringt. Außerdem sind Kugellager mit geteilten Laufringen im allgemeinen sehr viel teurer als Kugellager mit ungeteilten Laufringen.One way to increase the bearing life is generally the use of a larger or a multi-row roller bearing, which is often not possible for reasons of the available installation space. Another approach to solving the problem described above is to use a ball bearing with split inner ring (or outer ring), which allows an increase in the number of balls with the same installation space. However, this solution also leads to a reduction of the fat amount in the warehouse and thus to a reduction in the fat service life, so that this solution brings no overall advantage. In addition, split-race ball bearings are generally much more expensive than ball-bearings with undivided races.
Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Kugelgewindetrieb der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Art zu schaffen, bei welchem das Stϋtzlager im wesentlichen ohne eine Kostenerhöhung gegenüber bekannten Stützlagern ein günstigeres Verhältnis von Lagerabmessungen zu Lagerlebensdauer bzw. Fettgebrauchsdauer aufweist.The invention has for its object to provide a ball screw referred to in the preamble of claim 1, in which the support bearing substantially without an increase in cost over known support bearings has a more favorable ratio of bearing dimensions to bearing life or fat life.
Zusammenfassung der ErfindungSummary of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass Wälzlagerungen mit Wälz- körpem in Form von Kugelrollen mit beispielsweise jeweils zwei symmetrisch von einer Kugelgrundform abgeflachten sowie parallel zueinander angeordneten Seitenflächen im Hinblick auf herkömmliche Wälzlagerungen mit Rillenku- gellagern, Zylinderrollenlagern oder Nadellagern bei gleichem Außendurchmesser und bei gleicher axialer Baulänge über eine größere Tragfähigkeit oder bei gleicher Tragfähigkeit über eine geringere axiale Länge verfügen. Zwar sind derartige Kugelrollenlager grundsätzlich beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2005 061 792 A1 schon bekannt; es ist bisher jedoch noch nicht bekannt, Ku- gelrollenlager als Stützlager für Kugelspindeln bei Kugelgewindetrieben zu verwenden.The invention is based on the finding that roller bearings with Wälz- bodies in the form of spherical rollers with, for example, two symmetrically flattened from a spherical base and parallel side surfaces with respect to conventional rolling bearings with Rillenku- gellagern, cylindrical roller bearings or needle bearings with the same outer diameter and the same have axial length over a greater load capacity or at the same load capacity over a smaller axial length. Although such ball roller bearings are in principle already known for example from DE 10 2005 061 792 A1; However, it is not yet known to use spherical roller bearings as a support bearing for ball screws in ball screws.
Die Erfindung geht demnach aus von einem Kugelgewindetrieb mit drehangetriebener, über ein Wälzkörper-Stützlager in einer Maschinenstruktur drehgela- gerter Kugelmutter und linear verschiebbarer Kugelspindel. Dabei ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass das Wälzkörper- Stützlager als Kugelrollenlager ausgebildet ist.
Kugelrollen sind Wälzkörper, deren Grundform die einer Kugel ist, bei der an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten Kugelkappen fehlen. Die eigentliche, mit den Laufringen zusammenwirkende Wälzfläche ist demnach eine Ku- gelfläche, so dass Kugel rollen die gleichen Trageigenschaften haben wie Kugeln gleichen Durchmessers. Der Vorteil von Kugelrollen gegenüber Kugeln liegt einerseits in der in der vorne genannten Druckschrift beschriebenen Möglichkeit, bei im übrigen gleichen Bauabmessungen die Wälzkörperzahl zu erhöhen und damit die Trageigenschaften zu verbessern, und andererseits in der Tatsache, dass durch die fehlenden Kugelkappen ein größeres Fettvolumen in das Lager eingefüllt werden kann, wodurch die Fettgebrauchsdauer erhöht wird.Accordingly, the invention is based on a ball screw drive with rotationally driven ball nut rotatably mounted on a rolling element support bearing in a machine structure and linearly displaceable ball screw. It is inventively provided that the Wälzkörper- support bearing is designed as a ball roller bearing. Ball rollers are rolling elements whose basic shape is that of a ball in which ball caps are missing on two opposite sides. The actual rolling surface cooperating with the races is accordingly a ball surface, so that ball rolling have the same carrying properties as balls of the same diameter. The advantage of spherical rollers against balls is on the one hand in the way described in the above-mentioned document, with otherwise the same dimensions to increase the Wälzkörperzahl and thus improve the carrying properties, and on the other hand in the fact that the missing ball caps a larger volume of fat in the Lager can be filled, whereby the grease service life is increased.
Es besteht demnach gemäß der Erfindung die Möglichkeit, ein herkömmliches Kugellager durch ein Kugelrollenlager mit gleichen Bauabmessungen zu ersetzen, welches eine erhöhte Lagerlebensdauer sowie eine erhöhte Fettgebrauchsdauer aufweist.Accordingly, according to the invention, it is possible to replace a conventional ball bearing with a ball roller bearing having the same structural dimensions, which has an increased bearing life and an increased grease service life.
Die Erfindung bietet jedoch auch die Möglichkeit, bei gleicher Lagerlebensdau- er ein Lager mit geringeren Bauabmessungen in radialer und/oder axialer Richtung zu verwenden und damit beispielsweise die Lagerkosten zu reduzieren.However, the invention also offers the possibility of using a bearing with smaller structural dimensions in the radial and / or axial direction for the same bearing life and thus, for example, reducing the storage costs.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Kugel rollenlager als Vierpunktlager ausgebildet ist. Vierpunktlager gehören zu den einreihigen Schrägkugellagern und benötigen dadurch in axialer Richtung deutlich weniger Bauraum als beispielsweise zweireihige Ausführungen. Sie sind im allgemeinen mit geteilten Innenringen ausgeführt, um eine möglichst große Kugelzahl unterzubringen. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausführung als Kugelrollenlager lässt sich jedoch auch beispielsweise bei einem einteiligen Innenring eine weitgehend dichte Wälzkörperbestückung des Lagers erreichen.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Kugelrollenlager eine direkt auf dem Außenumfang der Kugelmutter ausgebildete innere Kugelrollenlauffläche aufweist, d.h. ohne Innenring ausgeführt ist. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung entspricht montagetechnisch einer Ausführung mit ungeteiltem Innenring, kann jedoch auf den Innenring verzichten, so dass sich bei gleichen Trageigenschaften ein kleinerer Lagerdurchmesser ergibt.According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the ball roller bearing is designed as a four-point bearing. Four-point bearings are among the single-row angular contact ball bearings and thus require much less space in the axial direction than, for example, two-row versions. They are generally designed with split inner rings to accommodate the largest possible number of balls. Due to the embodiment of the invention as a ball roller bearing but can also be achieved, for example, in a one-piece inner ring largely dense Wälzkörperbestückung the camp. A further embodiment of the invention provides that the ball roller bearing has a trained directly on the outer circumference of the ball nut inner ball roller surface, that is executed without an inner ring. Such a configuration corresponds montagetechnisch a version with undivided inner ring, but can dispense with the inner ring, so that there is a smaller bearing diameter with the same wearing properties.
Da Kugelrollen gegenüber Kugeln insbesondere in axialer Richtung weniger Platz einnehmen, besteht die Möglichkeit, die Lager mit integrierten Lagerab- dichtungen auszuführen, wie anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles dargelegt wird.Since ball rollers occupy less space than balls, in particular in the axial direction, it is possible to carry out the bearings with integrated bearing seals, as will be explained with reference to an exemplary embodiment.
Bei einem Kugelgewindetrieb der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Art, d.h. mit in einer Maschinenstruktur drehgelagerter Kugelmutter, kann ge- maß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, dass die Kugelmutter selbst als Riemenscheibe ausgebildet und über einen Antriebsriemen mit einem Antriebsmotor verbindbar ist. Wie weiter vorne ausgeführt wurde, ist das als Kugelrollenlager ausgebildete Stützlager infolge der größeren Wälzkörperanzahl in besonderer Weise geeignet, die aus der Riemenlast herrührenden gleichförmigen und ungleichförmigen radialen und axialen Belastungen aufzunehmen.In a ball screw of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1, i. With a ball nut rotatably mounted in a machine structure, it can be provided according to a further embodiment of the invention that the ball nut itself is designed as a belt pulley and can be connected to a drive motor via a drive belt. As stated earlier, the support bearing designed as a ball roller bearing is particularly suitable due to the larger number of rolling elements to absorb the resulting from the belt load uniform and non-uniform radial and axial loads.
Konstruktiv ist vorgesehen, dass die Kugelmutter auf ihrem Außenumfang eine mit der Kugelmutter fest verbundene Riemenscheibe trägt, wie ebenfalls an- hand eines Ausführungsbeispieles dargelegt wird.Structurally, it is envisaged that the ball nut carries on its outer circumference a pulley rigidly connected to the ball nut, as will also be explained with reference to an exemplary embodiment.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung an einigen Ausführungsformen näher erläutert. Darin zeigt
Fig. 1 in einer perspektivischen Darstellung einen Kugelgewindetrieb als Antrieb für eine linear verstellbare Zahnstange,The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of some embodiments. It shows 1 is a perspective view of a ball screw drive for a linearly adjustable rack,
Fig. 2 in einem Längsschnitt einen Kugelgewindetrieb mit einem als Kugellager ausgebildeten Stützlager gemäß dem Stand der Technik, Fig. 3 eine Ansicht etwa gemäß der Fig. 2, jedoch mit einem als Kugelrollenlager ausgebildeten Stützlager, undFig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a ball screw with a ball bearing designed as a support bearing according to the prior art, Fig. 3 is a view approximately as shown in FIG. 2, but with a designed as a ball roller bearing support bearings, and
Fig. 4 eine Ansicht etwa gemäß der Fig. 2, jedoch mit einem als Vierpunkt- Kugelrollenlager ausgebildeten Stützlager.Fig. 4 is a view approximately as shown in FIG. 2, but with a designed as a four-point ball roller bearing support bearing.
Detaillierte Beschreibung der ZeichnungenDetailed description of the drawings
Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Kugelgewindetrieb 2 umfasst eine in einer nicht dargestellten Maschinenstruktur drehgelagerte Kugelmutter 4, die über einen Antriebsriemen 6 mit einem ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Antriebsmotor drehge- koppelt ist. Bei einer Drehung der Kugelmutter 4 in einer der beiden durch den Doppelpfeil 8 angegebenen Drehrichtungen wird in an sich bekannter Weise die Kugelspindel 10 in einer der beiden durch den Doppelpfeil 12 gekennzeichneten Richtungen linear verschoben. Wie die Fig. 1 erkennen lässt, ist die Kugelspindel 10 an ihrem in Fig. 1 linken Ende als Zahnstange 14 ausgebildet, die beispielsweise mit einem nicht dargestellten Lenkritzel zusammenwirkt.The ball screw drive 2 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a ball nut 4 rotatably mounted in a machine structure (not shown), which is coupled via a drive belt 6 to a drive motor (also not shown). Upon rotation of the ball nut 4 in one of the two indicated by the double arrow 8 directions of rotation, the ball screw 10 is linearly displaced in one of the two directions indicated by the double arrow 12 in a conventional manner. 1, the ball screw 10 is formed at its left in Fig. 1 end as a rack 14 which cooperates, for example, with a steering pin, not shown.
Fig. 2 zeigt den Kugelgewindetrieb 2 im Bereich der Kugelmutter 4 in einem Längsschnitt, wobei das der Drehlagerung der Kugelmutter 4 dienende Stützlager 16 in herkömmlicher Weise als einreihiges Kugellager ausgebildet ist. Der Außenring 18 des Stützlagers 16 ist in einer nicht näher dargestellten Weise in einer nicht dargestellten Maschinenstruktur fest montiert.Fig. 2 shows the ball screw 2 in the region of the ball nut 4 in a longitudinal section, wherein the pivot bearing of the ball nut 4 serving support bearing 16 is formed in a conventional manner as a single-row ball bearing. The outer ring 18 of the support bearing 16 is fixedly mounted in a manner not shown in a machine structure, not shown.
Die Kugelmutter 4, die in an sich bekannter Weise mit einer Umlenk- und Rückführhülse für die nicht belasteten Kugeln des Kugelgewindetriebes ausgestattet ist, trägt an ihrem Außenumfang eine mit der Kugelmutter 4 fest verbundene Riemenscheibe 20, die über den Antriebsriemen 6 mit einem Antriebsmotor
verbunden ist. Auf diese Weise kann die Kugelmutter 4 drehangetrieben und die Kugelspindel 10 in Richtung des Doppelpfeiles 12 bewegt werden.The ball nut 4, which is equipped in a conventional manner with a deflection and return sleeve for the non-loaded balls of the ball screw, carries on its outer periphery a fixed to the ball nut 4 pulley 20, via the drive belt 6 with a drive motor connected is. In this way, the ball nut 4 can be rotated and the ball screw 10 can be moved in the direction of the double arrow 12.
Der in Fig. 3 dargestellte Kugelgewindetrieb 102 entspricht in seinem Aufbau im wesentlichen dem Kugelgewindetrieb 2 der Fig. 1 und braucht insoweit nicht nochmals im einzelnen beschrieben zu werden. Gleiche Bauelemente sind dabei mit gleichen Bezugszeichen, vermehrt um 100, versehen. Der Kugelgewindetrieb 102 unterscheidet sich von dem Kugelgewindetrieb 2 jedoch in der Ausbildung des Stützlagers 116, welches als Kugelrollenlager 117 ausgebildet ist. Das als Kugelrollenlager 117 ausgebildete Stützlager 116 hat im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel die gleichen radialen und axialen Abmessungen wie das Stützlager 16 der Fig. 2. Die Wälzkörper sind jedoch als Kugelrollen ausgebildet, was, wie weiter vorne beschrieben wurde, einerseits eine Erhöhung der Anzahl der Wälzkörper und damit bessere Trageigenschaften ergibt, und wodurch andererseits der für eine Fettfüllung verfügbare Raum vergrößert und so das Fettvolumen erhöht werden kann, was wiederum zu einer Erhöhung der Fettgebrauchsdauer und damit der Lebensdauer des Lagers 116, 117 führt.The ball screw 102 shown in Fig. 3 corresponds in its construction substantially to the ball screw 2 of FIG. 1 and does not need to be described again in detail so far. The same components are provided with the same reference numerals, increased by 100. However, the ball screw 102 differs from the ball screw 2 in the configuration of the support bearing 116, which is formed as a ball roller bearing 117. The trained as a ball roller bearing 117 support bearing 116 in the present embodiment, the same radial and axial dimensions as the support bearing 16 of FIG. 2. The rolling elements are, however, designed as ball rollers, which, as described earlier, on the one hand, an increase in the number of rolling elements and so that better wearing characteristics, and on the other hand increases the space available for a grease filling and so the volume of fat can be increased, which in turn leads to an increase in grease life and thus the life of the bearing 116, 117.
Fig. 4 zeigt einen Kugelgewindetrieb 202, welcher im Aufbau im wesentlichen dem der Fig. 3 entspricht, so dass wiederum eine ins Einzelne gehende Beschreibung nicht erforderlich ist. Gleiche Bauelemente wie in Fig. 2 sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen, vermehrt um 200, versehen. Das Stützlager 216 ist wie bei der Fig. 3 als Kugelrollenlager, genauer gesagt als Vierpunkt- Kugelrollenlager 217 ausgebildet, das gegenüber einfachen Kugelrollenlagern höhere Axialkräfte in beiden Richtungen aufnehmen kann und dadurch beispielsweise ein zweireihiges Schrägkugellager ersetzen könnte.Fig. 4 shows a ball screw 202, which substantially corresponds in construction to that of Fig. 3, so that again a detailed description is not required. Same components as in Fig. 2 are given the same reference numerals, increased by 200. The support bearing 216 is formed as in FIG. 3 as a ball roller bearing, more precisely as a four-point ball roller bearing 217, which can accommodate higher axial forces in both directions compared to simple ball roller bearings and thereby replace, for example, a double-row angular contact ball bearings.
Bei beiden in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispielen sind die ungeteilten Innenringe durch am Außenumfang der Kugelmutter 104 bzw. 204 ausgebildete Kugelrollenlaufflächen 122 bzw. 222 gebildet, so dass ein gesonderter Innenring jeweils entfallen kann.
Da infolge der Ausbildung der Wälzkörper als Kugelrollen diese in axialer Richtung weniger Bauraum einnehmen als Kugeln mit gleichem Durchmesser, können ohne weiteres integrierte Dichtungen 124, 224 eingebaut werden, wobei weiter ein ausreichender Raum zur Aufnahme von Fett verbleibt.
In both embodiments of the invention shown in Figures 3 and 4, the undivided inner rings are formed by formed on the outer circumference of the ball nut 104 and 204 ball roller surfaces 122 and 222, so that a separate inner ring can be omitted. As a result of the formation of the rolling elements as ball rollers occupy less space in the axial direction than balls of the same diameter, integrated seals 124, 224 can readily be installed, further leaving sufficient space for receiving fat remains.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
2 Kugelgewindetrieb2 ball screw
4 Kugelmutter 6 Antriebsriemen4 ball nut 6 drive belt
8 Doppelpfeil8 double-headed arrow
10 Kugelspindel10 ball screw
12 Doppelpfeil12 double arrow
14 Zahnstange 16 Stützlager14 rack 16 support bearing
18 Außenring18 outer ring
20 Riemenscheibe20 pulley
102 Kugelgewindetrieb102 ball screw
104 Kugelmutter 106 Antriebsriemen104 Ball nut 106 Drive belt
110 Kugelspindel110 ball screw
116 Stützlager 118 Außenring116 Support bearing 118 Outer ring
117 Kugelrollenlager 120 Riemenscheibe117 Ball roller bearing 120 Pulley
122 Kugelrollenlaufflächen122 ball roller treads
124 Dichtungen124 seals
202 Kugelgewindetrieb202 ball screw
204 Kugelmutter 206 Antriebsriemen204 Ball nut 206 Drive belt
210 Kugelspindel210 ball screw
216 Stützlager216 support bearings
217 Vierpunkt-Kugelrollenlager217 four-point ball roller bearing
218 Außenring 220 Riemenscheibe218 Outer ring 220 Pulley
222 Kugelrollenlaufflächen222 ball roller treads
224 Dichtungen
224 seals
Claims
1. Kugelgewindetrieb mit drehangetriebener, über ein Wälzkörper- Stützlager in einer Maschinenstruktur drehgelagerter Kugelmutter und linear verschiebbarer Kugelspindel, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stützlager (116, 216) als Kugelrollenlager (117, 217) ausgebildet ist.1. ball screw with rotationally driven, via a Wälzkörper- support bearing in a machine structure rotatably mounted ball nut and linearly displaceable ball screw, characterized in that the support bearing (116, 216) as a ball roller bearing (117, 217) is formed.
2. Kugelgewindetrieb nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kugelrollenlager (217) als Vierpunktlager ausgebildet ist.2. Ball screw according to claim 1, characterized in that the ball roller bearing (217) is designed as a four-point bearing.
3. Kugelgewindetrieb nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kugelrollenlager (217) als Vierpunktlager mit ungeteiltem Innenring und Außenring ausgebildet ist.3. Ball screw according to claim 2, characterized in that the ball roller bearing (217) is designed as a four-point bearing with undivided inner ring and outer ring.
4. Kugelgewindetrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kugelrollenlager (117, 217) eine auf dem Außenumfang der Kugelmutter (104, 204) ausgebildete Kugelrollenlauffläche umfasst.4. Ball screw according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ball roller bearing (117, 217) on the outer circumference of the ball nut (104, 204) formed ball roller running surface comprises.
5. Kugelgewindetrieb nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kugelrollenlager (117, 217) mit integrierten Lagerdichtungen (124, 224) ausgebildet ist.5. Ball screw according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ball roller bearing (117, 217) with integrated bearing seals (124, 224) is formed.
6. Kugelgewindetrieb nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kugelmutter (104, 204) als Riemenscheibe ausgebildet und über einen Antriebsriemen (106, 206) mit einem Antriebsmotor verbindbar ist.6. Ball screw according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ball nut (104, 204) formed as a pulley and via a drive belt (106, 206) is connectable to a drive motor.
7. Kugelgewindetrieb nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das die Kugelmutter (104, 204) an ihrem Außenumfang eine mit der Kugelmutter fest verbundene Riemenscheibe (120, 220) trägt. 7. Ball screw according to claim 6, characterized in that the ball nut (104, 204) carries on its outer circumference a fixedly connected to the ball nut pulley (120, 220).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102008013128.8 | 2008-03-07 | ||
DE200810013128 DE102008013128A1 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2008-03-07 | Ball screw with rotationally driven ball nut |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2009109362A1 true WO2009109362A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
Family
ID=40599596
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2009/001509 WO2009109362A1 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2009-03-04 | Ball screw drive comprising a rotationally driven ball nut |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE102008013128A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009109362A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
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US8652701B2 (en) | 2009-09-08 | 2014-02-18 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
JP2015047997A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2015-03-16 | 日立オートモティブシステムズステアリング株式会社 | Power steering device and manufacturing method for power steering device |
CN109366240A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-22 | 中捷机床有限公司 | Milling-boring machine Y-direction dragging system and cnc boring and milling machine |
WO2019214889A1 (en) | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-14 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Transmission arrangement and method for producing a transmission arrangement |
Families Citing this family (5)
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DE102010042817A1 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-04-26 | Zf Lenksysteme Gmbh | Epicyclic ball gear for e.g. electrical steering of motor car, has bearing and ring located on nut that is arranged on pushrod, where ring is screwable on nut by screw threads, and end region of nut is provided with outward extending flange |
DE102011006302A1 (en) | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-04 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Ball screw for converting rotational movements between spindle nut and threaded spindle of motor vehicle into axial movement, comprises spindle nut, which is rotatably mounted on threaded spindle, and support bearing for storing spindle nut |
JP2014234103A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2014-12-15 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Steering device |
DE102019126875B4 (en) * | 2019-10-07 | 2023-06-07 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | planetary screw drive |
DE102020129567A1 (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2022-05-12 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Angle washer for a slide or roller bearing arrangement |
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DE102005061792A1 (en) | 2005-12-23 | 2007-07-05 | Schaeffler Kg | Radial rolling bearing especially for vehicle transmissions has at least one axial flange defining grooved track between inner and outer bearing ring radially reduced height for fitting increased number of balls in axial assembly process |
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- 2008-03-07 DE DE200810013128 patent/DE102008013128A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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DE4334195A1 (en) * | 1993-10-07 | 1994-03-24 | Geuer Mann Ernst | Radial rolling bearing assembly - has ball discs between inner and outer rings inserted axially and turned to roll on rolling track |
DE10200878A1 (en) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-03-06 | Mannesmann Plastics Machinery | Nut of ballscrew drive for a moving platen of an injection molding machine has a ball bearing return track with constant curvature |
US6644432B1 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2003-11-11 | Trw Automotive U.S. Llc | Electric power steering assembly |
DE102004038951A1 (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2006-02-23 | Ina-Schaeffler Kg | Ball Screw |
DE102005014556A1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-05 | Schaeffler Kg | Radial rolling bearings, in particular single row deep groove ball bearings |
DE102006035180A1 (en) * | 2006-07-29 | 2008-01-31 | Schaeffler Kg | Four-point bearing e.g. radial roller bearing, has roller body formed as spherical rollers with two symmetrical side surfaces, which are leveled in spherical base shape and arranged parallel to each other |
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US8652701B2 (en) | 2009-09-08 | 2014-02-18 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
JP2015047997A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2015-03-16 | 日立オートモティブシステムズステアリング株式会社 | Power steering device and manufacturing method for power steering device |
CN104417609A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2015-03-18 | 日立汽车***转向器株式会社 | Power steering apparatus and method of manufacturing power steering apparatus |
WO2019214889A1 (en) | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-14 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Transmission arrangement and method for producing a transmission arrangement |
DE102018207144A1 (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-14 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Gear arrangement and method for producing a gear arrangement |
CN109366240A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-22 | 中捷机床有限公司 | Milling-boring machine Y-direction dragging system and cnc boring and milling machine |
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DE102008013128A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
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