WO2009030105A1 - Technique de fabrication du tuyau en acier sans soudure - Google Patents

Technique de fabrication du tuyau en acier sans soudure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009030105A1
WO2009030105A1 PCT/CN2008/001518 CN2008001518W WO2009030105A1 WO 2009030105 A1 WO2009030105 A1 WO 2009030105A1 CN 2008001518 W CN2008001518 W CN 2008001518W WO 2009030105 A1 WO2009030105 A1 WO 2009030105A1
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Prior art keywords
pipe
production process
hollow
process according
new production
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/001518
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Huaiwen Liu
Yubao Zhu
Xiaomei Ma
Dekuan Sun
Jianfeng Zhu
Xiaogui Li
Lanqing Gao
Jingjing Xuan
Original Assignee
Huaiwen Liu
Yubao Zhu
Xiaomei Ma
Dekuan Sun
Jianfeng Zhu
Xiaogui Li
Lanqing Gao
Jingjing Xuan
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huaiwen Liu, Yubao Zhu, Xiaomei Ma, Dekuan Sun, Jianfeng Zhu, Xiaogui Li, Lanqing Gao, Jingjing Xuan filed Critical Huaiwen Liu
Publication of WO2009030105A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009030105A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B23/00—Tube-rolling not restricted to methods provided for in only one of groups B21B17/00, B21B19/00, B21B21/00, e.g. combined processes planetary tube rolling, auxiliary arrangements, e.g. lubricating, special tube blanks, continuous casting combined with tube rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • B22D13/02—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a manufacturing technique for seamless steel pipes, and more particularly to a manufacturing technique for a large-diameter medium-thick-wall seamless steel pipe. Background technique
  • Large-diameter seamless steel pipes especially large-diameter medium-thickness seamless steel pipes with a diameter of more than 500 mm and a diameter-to-wall ratio of 25 or less, have a wide range of applications in many important industrial fields.
  • the other type is the expansion (tube) method. That is, the ⁇ 600 can be produced through various pipe expansion processes (such as oblique expansion, drawing and expansion, push-pull, etc.) by adopting an automatic pipe rolling machine, or a semi-finished pipe rolled by a cycle rolling mill or a cross-rolling piercing machine. ⁇ 800mm seamless steel pipe.
  • the representative manufacturer in China is the original Chengdu Seamless Steel Tube Plant.
  • the production process is shown in Figure 2.
  • the above-mentioned extrusion method has many defects, high investment and maintenance cost defects, and the most fatal defect of the diameter expansion method is that it has no tolerance capability and easily expands surface defects, so the expansion amount is limited. , and the expansion process is difficult to control. Therefore, the application of this method has obvious deficiencies.
  • the cost is very high.
  • the length of the processed pipe is limited because of the limitation of the stamping die; Especially in the process of punching, the inner hole of the workpiece is prone to cracks and other defects, and these defects are difficult to be overcome by the subsequent processes and may be further expanded by the subsequent processes, resulting in an increase in subsequent trimming amount and a yield rate. high.
  • This method is currently the most widely used method for processing large-diameter medium-thick-wall forged or rolled seamless steel tubes.
  • the invention is to overcome the defects of the above background art, and the new process method for seamless steel pipe production after years of trial and research and development is especially suitable for the production of energy industry, natural gas pipeline, nuclear power primary circuit, thermal power main steam.
  • a new process for producing seamless steel pipes comprising the following process steps:
  • a hollow shell blank is produced by centrifugal casting
  • the hollow tube blank after machining is heated
  • the heated hollow shell is subjected to pipe jacking processing to obtain a pipe member having a wall thickness, a diameter and a length;
  • the pipe fitting after the pipe rolling process is cut and finished to obtain a qualified finished pipe.
  • the centrifugal casting of the first step is carried out on a tilting centrifugal casting machine with a horizontal axis of the mold and a horizontal angle of inclination of 15 to 30 degrees.
  • the hollow tube blank is centrifugally cast into a hollow tube blank having an inner diameter of one end.
  • the hollow shell is made into a hollow shell with an annular cup bottom at one end.
  • the centrifugal casting of the first step is performed on a horizontal centrifugal casting machine with a rotation axis of the mold and a horizontal angle of 0 degrees, and the hollow tube blanks obtained by centrifugal casting are transparent at both ends of the same wall thickness. Hollow tube blank.
  • annular cup bottom is welded to one end of the hollow tube blank which is transparent at both ends, so that the hollow tube blank becomes a hollow tube blank with an annular cup bottom at one end.
  • the welding is gas-shielded automatic welding, and the annular cup bottom can be made of ordinary carbon steel.
  • the machining described in the second step is the cutting of the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow shell having the annular cup bottom at one end.
  • the inner surface of the hollow shell having the annular cup bottom at one end has a cutting thickness of not less than 5 mm, and the outer surface of the hollow shell having the annular cup bottom at the one end has a cutting thickness of not less than 2 mm.
  • a defect inspection step that excludes the hollow shell that is still unsatisfactory after being repaired by the defect.
  • the heating of the third step is performed in accordance with a pre-selected temperature range of the direction of the high temperature plasticity diagram of the material of the hollow shell.
  • the hollow tube blank transparent to the two ends obtained above further comprises an in-line cuffing step between the third step and the fourth step, the step being the two ends obtained by centrifuging the centrifugal casting on the closing machine One end of the large-diameter thick-walled hollow tube that is permeated is closed, so that the large-diameter thick-walled hollow tube blank becomes a hollow tube blank with an annular cup bottom at one end.
  • the jacking process of the fourth step is to insert the mandrel into the heated hollow shell at the end with the annular cup bottom, and then feed the top of the plurality of roll rings by the advancement of the mandrel. Rolling deformation in the pipe machine.
  • the maximum elongation coefficient ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of the hollow shell on the single roll ring is 1.35, and the average elongation coefficient is (4 is (0.85-0.95) ⁇ ⁇ , and the diameters of the holes are arranged from small to large.
  • the elongation coefficient on each roller ring is distributed according to the "mountain" shape, that is, the extension coefficient on the front and rear roller rings is small, and the extension coefficient on the intermediate roller ring is large.
  • the pipe jacking machine is a pipe jacking machine having five roll rings, and the elongation coefficient of the hollow tube blank on each roll ring is (0.92-0.96) ⁇ 3 , (1.00-1.08) from front to back. ⁇ 3 , (1.10-1.18) ⁇ 3 , (0.98-1.04) ⁇ a , (0.88-0.92) ⁇ a .
  • a core rod releasing step is performed, and the pipe member rolled out from the pipe jacking machine is sent to a loose rod machine together with the core rod to perform a loose rod.
  • the tube is then transported along with the mandrel to a rod puller, and the mandrel is withdrawn from the tube.
  • the rotational speed n of the inclined centrifugal casting machine is:
  • the angle of inclination A is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.716.
  • the wall thickness H of the annular cup bottom at the inner diameter of the one end of the hollow shell is:
  • H the thickness of the annular cup bottom sufficient to withstand the top thrust of the mandrel during jacking
  • F the top thrust during steady rolling
  • the elongation coefficient calculated after rolling the annular bottom portion of the inner diameter end cup is:
  • the outer diameter of an annular cup bottom ring By adopting the above processing method of the invention, the high-quality centrifugal casting is firstly established with a process connection between the top tube rolling with less investment, relatively simple technology and ideal deformation conditions, and is particularly suitable for producing large diameters.
  • Thick-walled seamless steel tubes can not only produce high-quality, difficult-to-process stainless steel and special seamless steel tubes, but also overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, forming an energy-saving, high-quality, economical and different production method. Short process and new process of seam steel pipe.
  • the patented method can produce large-diameter thick-walled pipes with heavier tonnage and longer length, and the patented method has less equipment investment, short process, low technical complexity and easy process stability. The physical and chemical properties of the product are better;
  • the products produced by the patented method have higher precision and surface quality, the organizational state is more ideal, the deformation process is easy to control, and the patented method has less investment and shorter process;
  • the patented method adopts a billet, an octagonal billet or a solid round billet which is usually used in the jacking method, but a hollow billet which is obtained by a unique process and has a cup bottom.
  • the pipe jacking method cannot detect the quality of the workpiece before the punching (perforation) and the pipe heating process before the lower pipe heating process and the pipe jacking process, so that the workpiece with good quality and poor quality passes through the next process, and the product quality is not controlled;
  • This patented method can obtain centrifugally cast tube blanks with less dense structure, better mechanical properties, fewer defects such as pores, shrinkage holes, slag inclusions, and coarse grains. Under the same deformation conditions, the patented method can be obtained. Special pipe with superior surface quality and comprehensive performance for some important occasions (such as primary circuit of nuclear power);
  • the patented method can also weld an annular cup bottom at one end of a centrifugally cast hollow tube blank, so that the hollow tube blank becomes a hollow tube blank with a cup bottom at one end, and the cup bottom for welding can be ordinary carbon. It is made of plain steel, so that not only the precious billet metal but the ordinary carbon steel is cut off at the last cutting head, so that the purpose of saving precious billet metal can be achieved, and the saving can be about 3%.
  • Figure 1 is a process flow diagram of the extrusion method
  • Figure 2 is a process flow diagram of the diameter expansion method
  • Figure 3 is a process flow diagram of the pipe jacking method
  • Figure 5 is a hollow end of the cup with one end in the first embodiment of the present patent
  • Figure 7 is a hollow end of the cup at the end of the second embodiment of the present patent
  • Figure 9 is a hollow end of the cup end of the third embodiment of the present patent
  • Figure 10 is a high temperature plasticity diagram of lCrl8Ni9Ti metal; As shown in FIG. 4, according to a first embodiment of the present invention, the following process steps are included:
  • a large-diameter medium-thick-wall hollow tube blank is produced by centrifugal casting; the centrifugal casting is performed on a tilting centrifugal casting machine with a horizontal axis of the mold and a horizontal angle of inclination of 15 to 30 degrees.
  • the large-diameter thick-walled hollow tube blank which is centrifugally cast is a hollow tube blank having an inner diameter of one end, that is, an end with an annular cup bottom, that is, a radially inner closed mouth is formed at the end, and a hollow tube blank with a cup bottom 2 is formed. 1.
  • This cup bottom 2 has a hollow portion 21 as shown in FIG.
  • the provision of the above structure can facilitate the post-topping process, and the end of the mandrel of the pipe jacking machine can abut against the inner surface of the cup bottom 2 so that the mandrel pushes the hollow shell.
  • the hollow tube blank 1 with the cup bottom 2 can be processed conveniently and with high quality by the inclined centrifugal casting machine, and the inclined centrifugal casting machine has been popularized and applied in the field of cast iron pipe production, and the specific structure is not here. Let me repeat.
  • the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow shell are machined; the machining is performed on the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow shell having the annular cup bottom at one end prepared in the first step.
  • the cutting thickness of the inner surface of the hollow shell is not less than 5 mm, and the cutting thickness of the outer surface of the hollow shell is not less than 2 mm.
  • This machining step can remove the rough inner and outer surface layers of the hollow tube blank and the deposited impurities, and remove other defects such as cracks and bubbles on the inner and outer surface layers to ensure the smoothness of the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow tube blank and improve the quality of the finished product after processing.
  • the machined hollow mandrel with an annular cup bottom at one end is heated; the heating is performed according to a pre-selected temperature range of the high temperature plastic pattern of the tube material.
  • the heated hollow shell is subjected to pipe jacking to obtain a pipe fitting that meets the requirements of wall thickness, diameter and length; and the jacking process of the jacking is to insert the mandrel into the heated
  • the hollow tube blank with the bottom of the cup at one end is then fed into the pipe jacking machine with multiple roll rings by the advancement of the mandrel for rolling deformation.
  • the pipe jacking machine is an existing device, which is described here.
  • the number of the upper roller rings can be changed as needed, and the patent preferably uses 3 to 7 roller rings, and The diameters of the 3 ⁇ 7 roll rings are arranged in order from small to large.
  • the maximum elongation coefficient of the hollow shell on the single roll ring is Ma J3 ⁇ 41.35, the average elongation coefficient j ⁇ (0.85 ⁇ 0.95) ⁇ and the elongation coefficient of the pipe on each roll ring from front to back according to the "mountain”
  • the regular distribution of the glyphs that is, the elongation coefficient on the front and rear roller rings is small, and the elongation coefficient on the intermediate roller rings is large.
  • the "mountain" shape rule means that the extension coefficient on the front roller rings is small, and then gradually increases, and the extension coefficient is the largest when reaching the middle roller rings, and reaches the maximum after extending. The coefficient starts to gradually become smaller, which is similar to the "mountain” shape: the middle is high and the two sides are small.
  • the elongation coefficient of the hollow shell blank on each roll ring is (0.92-0.96) ⁇ a , ( 1.00-1.08) ⁇ a , ( 1.10-1.18) ⁇ 3 , (0.98-1.04) ⁇ a , (0.88-0.92) ⁇ a .
  • the total elongation factor is between 3-4.
  • the specific elongation coefficients on each roll ring are 0.94 ⁇ , 1.06 a, 1.12 ⁇ , 1. ⁇ &, 0.90 ⁇ &, and the total elongation factor can be 3 - 3.5 ⁇ .
  • the fifth step is the rolling process of the top tube.
  • the latter pipe is cut and finished to produce a qualified finished pipe. This step is mainly to cut off the bottom of the tube, and finish the tube body, and process the inner and outer surfaces of the tube as needed to meet the requirements of different environments.
  • a defect inspection step is further included between the second step and the third step, and the hollow tube blank in which the defect is still not in compliance with the repair is excluded from the process step. This can ensure that the hollow tube blanks used for processing in the later stage are all qualified blanks, which can greatly save costs and reduce the generation of waste products.
  • a core rod releasing step is further included between the fourth step and the fifth step, and the pipe rolled out from the pipe jacking machine, together with the core rod, is sent to a loose rod machine for loosening.
  • a rod the tube is transported to the rod machine together with the mandrel, and the mandrel is drawn from the tube Formula requirements: Where: n - speed;
  • the mandrel is inserted into the heated hollow shell with the bottom of the cup and fed into the plurality of roll rings by the advancement of the mandrel for rolling deformation, in the process of jacking
  • the bottom of the cup is subjected to the load of pushing the mandrel.
  • the top thrust of the mandrel mainly acts on the bottom of the cup due to the limited holding force between the hollow tube blank and the mandrel.
  • the holding force between the hollow tube blank and the mandrel suddenly rises, thereby offsetting the load that should be applied to the bottom of the cup, making it axial.
  • the thickness of the bottom of the cup can be determined by the following formula:
  • the elongation coefficient calculated after rolling the bottom portion of the annular cup at the inner diameter end is: Wherein, the diameter of the inner hole of an annular cup bottom ring;
  • the above production method of the present invention is particularly suitable for producing a seamless steel pipe having a diameter of 500 mm or more and a diameter to wall ratio of 25 or less, because the first method of the present invention uses centrifugal casting to prepare a hollow shell, so if the diameter of the pipe is small, for example Below 100 mm, the advantages of centrifugal casting cannot be realized; if it is used for the production of thinner wall thickness, the thickness of the machined cutting is large because of the precipitation of impurities on the inner and outer surfaces after centrifugal casting, and it is not economical. Therefore, it is generally not used for the production of seamless steel tubes with a wall-to-wall ratio greater than 25.
  • a second embodiment according to the present invention includes the following process steps:
  • a hollow tube blank is produced by centrifugal casting; the centrifugal casting is carried out on a horizontal centrifugal casting machine in which the rotation axis of the mold is parallel to the horizontal line, and the hollow tube blank which is centrifugally cast is two equal wall thicknesses. Hollow tube blank that is transparent at the end.
  • a welding step is added, in which an annular cup bottom 2 is welded to one end of the hollow shell 1 obtained by centrifugal casting, so that the hollow shell 1 becomes a hollow shell with a cup bottom 2 at one end. .
  • the cup bottom 2 has a hollow portion 21 as shown in FIG.
  • the welding is a gas shielded automatic welding, and the annular cup bottom may be made of ordinary carbon steel.
  • the main function of the bottom of the cup is to withstand the top thrust of the mandrel during the post-top processing.
  • the bottom of the cup is to be cut off, which becomes waste.
  • the material of the tube blank is made of precious metal material.
  • a low-cost common metal cup bottom can be welded at one end of the thick-walled hollow tube blank, thereby saving precious metals.
  • the automatic welding with gas protection can ensure the connection strength between the bottom of the cup and the hollow tube blank, which is beneficial to the later processing.
  • the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow shell of the one end with the bottom of the cup are machined; the machining is performed on the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow shell produced in the first step. Cutting the inner surface of the hollow shell blank to a thickness of not less than 5 mm, to the thick wall The outer surface of the hollow shell blank has a cutting thickness of not less than 2 mm.
  • the machining step can remove the rough inner and outer skin layers and other defects of the hollow shell, ensure the smoothness of the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow shell, and improve the quality of the finished product after processing.
  • the machined hollow tube blank is heated; the heating is performed according to a pre-selected temperature range of the high temperature plastic pattern of the tube material.
  • the heated hollow shell is subjected to a topping process to obtain a pipe fitting that meets the requirements of wall thickness, diameter and length; and the top processing is also to insert the mandrel into the heated one end with the bottom of the cup
  • the hollow tube blank is then fed into the pipe jacking machine of the multiple roll rings by the advancement of the mandrel for rolling deformation.
  • the pipe jacking machine is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the elongation coefficient on each roller ring is also the same as that in the first embodiment.
  • the pipe fitting after the topping process is cut and finished to obtain a qualified finished pipe.
  • This step is mainly to cut off the bottom of the tube and finish the tube to obtain a qualified finished tube.
  • a defect inspection step is further included between the second step and the third step to exclude the hollow shell having defects from being inconsistent with the process step. This can ensure that the hollow tube blanks used for processing in the later stage are all qualified blanks, which can greatly save costs and reduce the generation of waste products.
  • a core rod releasing step is further included, and the pipe rolled out from the pipe jacking machine is sent to the pine bar machine together with the mandrel rod for loosening.
  • the rod is then transported along with the mandrel to a rod puller, and the mandrel is withdrawn from the tube.
  • the loose rod machine and the rod pump are both existing equipment and are commercially available, and are not described herein.
  • a third embodiment according to the present invention includes the following process steps:
  • a hollow tube blank is produced by centrifugal casting; the centrifugal casting is carried out on a horizontal centrifugal casting machine in which the rotation axis of the mold is parallel to the horizontal line, and the hollow tube blank which is centrifugally cast is two equal wall thicknesses. Hollow tube blank that is transparent at the end.
  • the wall hollow tube blank is machined, and the machining is performed on the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow tube blank which is transparent at both ends.
  • the cutting thickness of the inner surface of the hollow shell is not less than 5 mm, and the cutting thickness of the outer surface of the hollow shell is not less than 2 mm.
  • the machining step can remove the rough inner and outer skin layers and other defects of the hollow shell, ensure the smoothness of the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow shell, and improve the quality of the finished product after processing.
  • the machined hollow shell is heated. This step is the same as the above-described Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2.
  • the tube blank is not directly entered into the pipe jacking machine for pipe jacking, but the online capping step is performed before the jacking tube is rolled, that is, the wall thickness is two.
  • the end of the hollow tube blank closing machine is closed at one end thereof, so that one end of the large-diameter thick-walled hollow tube blank is closed to form a hollow tube blank with an end of the annular cup bottom, as shown in FIG. .
  • the closing machine is an existing sizing device and is commercially available, and will not be described herein.
  • the hollow tube blank having the bottom of the cup at one end prepared in the above-mentioned manner is immediately subjected to pipe rolling, and the steps are the same as those in the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
  • the fifth step is the same as the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
  • a defect inspection step is further included between the second step and the third step; in the fourth step and the fifth step
  • the core rod release step is also included.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une technique de fabrication de tuyaux en acier sans soudure, qui consiste à produire une ébauche de tuyau creuse (1) présentant un fond annulaire (2) à une extrémité par coulage par centrifugation, à usiner la surface interne et externe de l'ébauche de tuyau creuse (1), puis à chauffer ladite ébauche de tuyau creuse (1), à laminer l'ébauche de tube creuse (1) chauffée par un procédé de laminage par banc poussant de façon à produire un diamètre, une longueur et une épaisseur de paroi du tuyau satisfaisants, à couper et dimensionner le tuyau après relâchement et évacuation de la tige dudit tuyau; enfin, certification et finition du tuyau. Ce procédé est peu coûteux et permet d'économiser de l'énergie.
PCT/CN2008/001518 2007-08-30 2008-08-22 Technique de fabrication du tuyau en acier sans soudure WO2009030105A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2007101459397A CN101376204B (zh) 2007-08-30 2007-08-30 一种无缝钢管的生产新工艺
CN200710145939.7 2007-08-30

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