WO2009030064A1 - A process for non-coke smelting iron and steel - Google Patents

A process for non-coke smelting iron and steel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009030064A1
WO2009030064A1 PCT/CN2007/002634 CN2007002634W WO2009030064A1 WO 2009030064 A1 WO2009030064 A1 WO 2009030064A1 CN 2007002634 W CN2007002634 W CN 2007002634W WO 2009030064 A1 WO2009030064 A1 WO 2009030064A1
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Prior art keywords
coal
furnace
iron
powder
steel
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PCT/CN2007/002634
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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Shutong Dong
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Shutong Dong
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Priority to PCT/CN2007/002634 priority Critical patent/WO2009030064A1/en
Publication of WO2009030064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009030064A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
    • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
    • C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/08—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in rotary furnaces
    • C21B13/085—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in rotary furnaces wherein iron or steel is obtained in a molten state
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
    • C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
    • C22B1/245—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic with carbonaceous material for the production of coked agglomerates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of smelting steel, and more particularly to a method of smelting steel. Background technique
  • the method of smelting steel is coke as the main energy source for iron making. Since coke is mainly produced by coking coal, coke resources are becoming more and more scarce and prices are becoming more and more expensive with years of consumption; and coke production will seriously pollute the environment and the cost of treatment is high. Therefore, in recent years, developed countries have reduced the number of blast furnaces and coke ovens, focusing on the development of non-coke metallurgical technology and electric furnace short-run steel mills.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for non-coke smelting steel; using the method to smelt steel can save cost, save coke resources and reduce environmental pollution.
  • the basic idea of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: using coal, iron ore or limestone as a main raw material, using a coke oven type direct reduction furnace, and using a coal-based direct reduction method to produce sea iron.
  • a method for non-coke smelting steel includes the following steps:
  • the iron ore powder, coal powder, limestone powder and additives are less than 3mm, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2 ⁇ 7: 0. 1 ⁇ 0. 3: 0. 1 ⁇ 0. 3 ratio of mixing;
  • the hot mixture is heated to a furnace or a converter to blow oxygen to obtain molten iron in a molten state, and then subjected to a conventional steel making process to produce a high-quality steel product.
  • a method for non-coke smelting steel includes the following steps:
  • the coal is a mixture of one or more of coking coal, gas coal, fat coal, lean coal, anthracite, and weakly cohesive coal.
  • the electric furnace comprises a submerged arc furnace, an electric arc furnace and an induction furnace; wherein the converter comprises a top-blowing type converter, a top-bottom double-blown type converter, and a side-blown type converter.
  • the external heat type coke oven type direct reduction furnace is an external heat type coke oven type direct reduction furnace with upper feeding and side discharging.
  • coal provides both chemical energy as a reducing agent for the reduction reaction and heat energy as a fuel.
  • the gas produced by the direct reduction reaction not only does not have a large amount of residual gas, but also needs to be supplemented with some heat.
  • an external heat source such as coke oven gas, blast furnace gas or producer gas, is required, and the combustion chamber is modified. According to the height of the combustion chamber, more than 2 rows of burners are added in the direction of the narrow side of the combustion chamber, or in the furnace charge. Appropriate multi-coal blending, excess coal is retorted, dry distillation product coal
  • Both gas and blue carbon can be returned for use as an energy source, gas as an external heat fuel, blue carbon as a reducing agent or a gas-generating fuel.
  • the coal is coking coal; the electric furnace is a submerged arc furnace.
  • a method for non-charring steel comprising the following steps:
  • the hot mixture is sent to a converter to blow oxygen to obtain molten iron in a molten state, and then subjected to a conventional steel making process to produce a high-quality steel product.
  • step 4) The hot mixture obtained in step 3) is sent to the converter for oxygen blowing; the converter generates a large amount of high-temperature flue gas, which is first passed through a hot air furnace to heat the hot air supplied to the converter, and then sent to The waste heat boiler room uses the generated steam to generate electricity, and the electric energy can supply oxygen generators and other power.
  • the coal is a mixture of gas coal and fat coal; the converter is a top-blown converter.
  • a method for non-charring steel comprising the following steps:
  • the coal is lean coal; the electric furnace is an electric arc furnace.
  • Example 4 A method for non-charring steel, comprising the following steps:
  • the hot mixture is sent to a converter to blow oxygen to obtain molten iron in a molten state, and then subjected to a conventional steel making process to produce a high-quality steel product.
  • the coal is anthracite; the converter is a top-bottom double-blown converter.
  • a method for non-charring steel comprising the following steps:
  • a method for non-smelting steel including the following steps -
  • the coal is a mixture of coking coal, gas coal, fat coal, lean coal, anthracite, weakly cohesive coal.
  • the converter is a side blow type converter.
  • Example 1 is repeated except that: Step 3) is replaced by the following steps:
  • the hot mixture is thermally cooled, and then separated by a method such as crushing, magnetic separation, etc., and the molten iron is sent to the blast furnace to obtain high quality.
  • the molten iron through the conventional steelmaking process, produces high quality steel products.
  • Example 6 is repeated except that: Step 3) is replaced by the following steps: The hot mixture is thermally cooled, and then the qualified sponge iron is separated by crushing, magnetic separation, etc., and the iron furnace is melted. Get high-quality molten iron and then produce high-quality steel products through the conventional steelmaking process.

Abstract

A process for non-coke smelting iron and steel, which uses coal, iron ore and limestone as raw materials, adopts a coke oven type direct reduction furnace specifically designed, and utilizes MHL, i.e. the abbreviation of a direct reduction method based on coal, to produce sponge iron. The process mainly comprises: pretreating raw materials; producing in a coke oven type direct reduction furnace specifically designed; post-treating intermediate product; recycling residual heat and treating impurities. The process has the advantages of low cost, low coke consumption, and low environment pollution.

Description

一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法' 技术领域  A method for non-smelting steelmaking technology field
本发明涉及一种冶炼钢铁的方法， 尤其是涉及一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法。 背景技术  The present invention relates to a method of smelting steel, and more particularly to a method of smelting steel. Background technique
目前， 冶炼钢铁的方法是以焦炭作为炼铁主要能源。 由于焦炭主要用焦煤 生产， 随着多年的消耗， 焦炭资源越来越紧缺， 价格越来越昂贵； 而且焦炭生 产会严重污染环境， 治理费用很高。 因此发达国家近年来都在减少高炉、 焦炉 数量， 注重发展非焦冶金技术和电炉短流程钢厂。  At present, the method of smelting steel is coke as the main energy source for iron making. Since coke is mainly produced by coking coal, coke resources are becoming more and more scarce and prices are becoming more and more expensive with years of consumption; and coke production will seriously pollute the environment and the cost of treatment is high. Therefore, in recent years, developed countries have reduced the number of blast furnaces and coke ovens, focusing on the development of non-coke metallurgical technology and electric furnace short-run steel mills.
直接还原生产海绵铁的炉窑种类、 工艺非常多， 有竖炉法、 回转窑法、 罐 式直接还原法（HYL法）， 流化床法， 转底炉法等， 而焦炭的生产也己经发展到 蓄热式炼焦炉、 热回收焦炉的阶段。 利用常规炼焦炉的设备创造性的生产海绵 铁是本发明的目的所在。  There are many types and processes for directly reducing the production of sponge iron. There are shaft furnace method, rotary kiln method, tank direct reduction method (HYL method), fluidized bed method, rotary hearth furnace method, etc., and coke production has also been It has been developed to the stage of regenerative coke oven and heat recovery coke oven. The creative production of sponge iron using equipment of conventional coke ovens is the object of the present invention.
发明内容 Summary of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法； 使用该方法来 冶炼钢铁， 可以节约成本、 节约焦炭资源且减少环境污染。  The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for non-coke smelting steel; using the method to smelt steel can save cost, save coke resources and reduce environmental pollution.
为解决上述技术问题， 本发明所采用技术方案的基本构思是： 以煤、 铁矿 石或石灰石为主要原料， 使用焦炉式直接还原炉， 采用煤基直接还原法生产海 绵铁。  In order to solve the above technical problems, the basic idea of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: using coal, iron ore or limestone as a main raw material, using a coke oven type direct reduction furnace, and using a coal-based direct reduction method to produce sea iron.
作为实现本发明基本构思的第一种技术方案是， 一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 包括如下步骤：  As a first technical solution for realizing the basic idea of the present invention, a method for non-coke smelting steel includes the following steps:
1 ) 原材料的预处理  1) Pretreatment of raw materials
①将煤、 铁矿石和石灰石进行干燥， 然后进行破碎筛分， ②选取 3〜35mm的铁矿石粒、煤粒和石灰石粒，按照重量比 10: ^7：；0；1~ 0. 3混合或分层装炉， 得原料 1 Dry coal, iron ore and limestone, then crush and sieve, 2 Select 3~35mm iron ore particles, coal particles and limestone particles, according to the weight ratio of 10: ^7:; 0; 1 ~ 0. 3 mixed or layered furnace, the raw materials
③选取小于 3mm的铁矿石粉、煤粉、石灰石粉和粘结剂， 按照重量比为 10: 2〜7： 0. 1〜0. 3： 0. 05〜0. 1的比例混合， 搅拌均匀、 制球、 烘干， 得原料 B; 3, select iron ore powder, coal powder, limestone powder and binder less than 3mm, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2~7: 0. 1~0. 3: 0. 05~0. 1 ratio mixing, stirring evenly , ball making, drying, get raw material B;
④选取小于 3mm的铁矿石粉、煤粉、石灰石粉和添加剂，按照重量比 10: 2〜 7： 0. 1〜0. 3： 0. 1〜0. 3的比例混和； 得原料 C; 4, the iron ore powder, coal powder, limestone powder and additives are less than 3mm, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2~ 7: 0. 1~0. 3: 0. 1~0. 3 ratio of mixing;
2) 将上述预处理混匀后的原料 A、 B或 C由提升机提升到外热式焦炉型直 接还原炉炉顶， 由布料机将原料装入反应室， 进行氧化还原反应， 反应至少 60 分钟， 生成海绵铁； 此时打开拦料机， 推料机将炉料横推出去， 落入料车， 得 热态混合物；  2) The raw materials A, B or C mixed by the above pretreatment are lifted from the hoist to the top of the external thermal coke oven type direct reduction furnace, and the raw materials are charged into the reaction chamber by the distributing machine to carry out the oxidation-reduction reaction, at least 60 minutes, the sponge iron is generated; at this time, the picker is opened, and the pusher pushes the charge horizontally and falls into the skip to obtain a hot mixture;
3 )将热态混合物热送电炉或转炉吹氧熔分， 得到熔融态的铁水， 再经过常 规炼钢工序， 生产出优质钢铁产品。  3) The hot mixture is heated to a furnace or a converter to blow oxygen to obtain molten iron in a molten state, and then subjected to a conventional steel making process to produce a high-quality steel product.
进一步地， 在第 3)步骤中， 热态混合物热送至转炉吹氧熔分时； 转炉产生 大量的高温烟气， 使高温烟气首先经过热风炉， 以加热供应熔分炉的热风， 然 后送往余热锅炉房， 利用产生的蒸汽发电， 电能可以供应制氧机和其他动力用 电。  Further, in the step 3), the hot mixture is sent to the converter for oxygen blowing; the converter generates a large amount of high-temperature flue gas, so that the high-temperature flue gas first passes through the hot air furnace to heat the hot air supplied to the melting furnace, and then It is sent to the waste heat boiler room, and the generated steam is used to generate electricity. The electric energy can be supplied to the oxygen generator and other power.
熔化分离出的杂质， 主要是硅、 铝、 镁、 钙等氧化物， 可作为其他产业原辅 料回收利用。 作为实现本发明基本构思的第二种技术方案是， 一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 包括如下步骤：  The impurities separated by melting, mainly silicon, aluminum, magnesium, calcium and other oxides, can be recycled as raw materials for other industries. As a second technical solution for realizing the basic idea of the present invention, a method for non-coke smelting steel includes the following steps:
1 ) 原材料的预处理  1) Pretreatment of raw materials
①将煤、 铁矿石和石灰石进行干燥， 然后进行破碎筛分， ②选取 3〜35ram的铁矿石粒、煤粒和石灰石粒，按照重量比 10: 2〜7： 0. 1〜 0. 3混合或分层装炉， 得原料 A; 1 Dry coal, iron ore and limestone, then crush and sieve, 2Select 3~35ram iron ore particles, coal particles and limestone particles, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2~7: 0. 1~ 0. 3 mixed or layered furnace, to obtain the raw material A;
③选取小于 3ram的铁矿石粉、煤粉、石灰石粉和粘结剂， 按照重量比为 10: 2〜7： 0. 1〜0. 3： 0. 05〜0. 1的比例混合， 搅拌均匀、 制球、 烘干， 得原料 B; ④选取小于 3mm的铁矿石粉、煤粉、石灰石粉和添加剂，按照重量比 10: 2〜 3, select iron ore powder, coal powder, limestone powder and binder less than 3ram, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2~7: 0. 1~0. 3: 0. 05~0. 1 ratio mixing, stirring evenly , ball making, drying, get raw material B; 4 select less than 3mm iron ore powder, coal powder, limestone powder and additives, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2~
7： 0. 1〜0. 3： 0. 1〜0. 3的比例混和； 得原料 C; 7: 0. 1~0. 3: 0. 1~0. 3 ratio mixed; obtained raw material C;
2 ) 将上述预处理混匀后的原料 A、 B或 C由提升机提升到外热式焦炉型直 接还原炉炉顶， 由布料机将原料装入反应室， 进行氧化还原反应， 反应至少 60 分钟， 生成海绵铁； 此时打开拦料机， 推料机将炉料横推出去， 落入料车， 得 热态混合物；  2) The raw materials A, B or C mixed by the above pretreatment are lifted from the hoist to the top of the external thermal coke oven type direct reduction furnace, and the raw materials are charged into the reaction chamber by the distributing machine to carry out the oxidation-reduction reaction, at least 60 minutes, the sponge iron is generated; at this time, the picker is opened, and the pusher pushes the charge horizontally and falls into the skip to obtain a hot mixture;
3)将热态混合物热冷却， 然后通过破碎、磁选等方法分离获得合格海绵铁， 送高炉或化铁炉熔分， 得到优质的铁水， 再经过常规炼钢工序， 生产出优质钢 铁产品。  3) The hot mixture is cooled by heat, and then the qualified sponge iron is separated by crushing, magnetic separation, etc., and sent to a blast furnace or a molten iron furnace to obtain high-quality molten iron, and then subjected to a conventional steel making process to produce a high-quality steel iron product.
进一步地， 所述煤是焦煤、 气煤、 肥煤、 瘦煤、 无烟煤、 弱粘结性煤中的 一种或几种的混合物。  Further, the coal is a mixture of one or more of coking coal, gas coal, fat coal, lean coal, anthracite, and weakly cohesive coal.
进一步地， 电炉包括矿热炉、 电弧炉、 感应炉； 其中的转炉包括顶吹型转 炉、 顶底复吹型转炉、 侧吹型转炉。  Further, the electric furnace comprises a submerged arc furnace, an electric arc furnace and an induction furnace; wherein the converter comprises a top-blowing type converter, a top-bottom double-blown type converter, and a side-blown type converter.
所述外热式焦炉型直接还原炉是一种上加料、 侧出料的外热式焦炉型直接 还原炉。 煤在这种直接还原炉中既作为还原反应的还原剂提供化学能， 又作为 燃料提供热能。 与焦炉炼焦不同， 直接还原反应产生的煤气不但没有大量剩余， 还要适当补充一些热量。 为此， 需要有外部热源， 如焦炉煤气、 高炉煤气或发 生炉煤气， 并对燃烧室加以改进， 根据燃烧室高度， 在燃烧室窄边高度方向增 加 2排以上烧嘴， 也可以在炉料中适当多配煤， 多余的煤被干馏， 干馏产物煤 气和兰碳都可以返回作为能源使用， 煤气作为外热燃料， 兰炭做还原剂或发生 煤气的燃料。 The external heat type coke oven type direct reduction furnace is an external heat type coke oven type direct reduction furnace with upper feeding and side discharging. In this direct reduction furnace, coal provides both chemical energy as a reducing agent for the reduction reaction and heat energy as a fuel. Unlike coke oven coking, the gas produced by the direct reduction reaction not only does not have a large amount of residual gas, but also needs to be supplemented with some heat. To this end, an external heat source, such as coke oven gas, blast furnace gas or producer gas, is required, and the combustion chamber is modified. According to the height of the combustion chamber, more than 2 rows of burners are added in the direction of the narrow side of the combustion chamber, or in the furnace charge. Appropriate multi-coal blending, excess coal is retorted, dry distillation product coal Both gas and blue carbon can be returned for use as an energy source, gas as an external heat fuel, blue carbon as a reducing agent or a gas-generating fuel.
本发明具有成本低、 节约焦炭资源且环境污染小等优点。  The invention has the advantages of low cost, saving coke resources and small environmental pollution.
附图说明 DRAWINGS
图 1是本发明的工艺流程图。  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
实施例 1  Example 1
一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 包括如下步骤：  A method for non-charring steel, comprising the following steps:
1 ) 原材料的预处理  1) Pretreatment of raw materials
①将煤、 铁矿石和石灰石进行干燥， 然后进行破碎筛分，  1 Dry coal, iron ore and limestone, then crush and sieve,
②选取 3mm的铁矿石粒、 煤粒和石灰石粒， 按照重量比 10: 2： 0. 1混合， 得原料 A;  2 Select 3mm iron ore particles, coal particles and limestone particles, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2: 0.1, to obtain the raw material A;
2)将上述预处理混匀后的原料 A由提升机提升到外热式焦炉型直接还原炉 炉顶， 由布料机将原料装入反应室， 进行氧化还原反应， 反应 60分钟， 生成海 绵铁； 此时打开拦料机， 推料机将炉料横推出去， 落入料车， 得热态混合物； 2) The raw material A mixed by the above pretreatment is lifted from the hoist to the top of the external thermal coke oven type direct reduction furnace, and the raw material is charged into the reaction chamber by the distributing machine to carry out a redox reaction for 60 minutes to form a sponge. Iron; at this time, open the picker, push the machine out of the charge, fall into the skip, get a hot mixture;
3)将热态混合物热送电炉吹氧熔分， 得到熔融态的铁水， 再经过常规炼钢 工序， 生产出优质钢铁产品。 3) The hot mixture is blown into the electric furnace to blow oxygen to obtain molten iron in the molten state, and then subjected to a conventional steel making process to produce a high-quality steel product.
所述煤是焦煤； 所述电炉是矿热炉。  The coal is coking coal; the electric furnace is a submerged arc furnace.
实施例 2  Example 2
一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 包括如下步骤：  A method for non-charring steel, comprising the following steps:
1 ) 原材料的预处理  1) Pretreatment of raw materials
①将煤、 铁矿石和石灰石进行干燥， 然后进行破碎筛分，  1 Dry coal, iron ore and limestone, then crush and sieve,
②选取 35mm的铁矿石粒、 煤粒和石灰石粒， 按照重量比 10: 7： 0. 3混 合， 得原料 A; 2 Select 35mm iron ore particles, coal particles and limestone particles, according to the weight ratio of 10: 7: 0.3. Combine, get the raw material A;
2 )将上述预处理混匀后的原料 A由提升机提升到外热式焦炉型直接还原炉 炉顶， 由布料机将原料装入反应室， 进行氧化还原反应， 反应 120分钟， 生成 海绵铁； 此时打开拦料机， 推料机将炉料横推出去， 落入料车， 得热态混合物;  2) The raw material A mixed by the above pretreatment is lifted from the hoist to the top of the external thermal coke oven type direct reduction furnace, and the raw material is charged into the reaction chamber by the distributing machine to carry out a redox reaction, and the reaction is carried out for 120 minutes to form a sponge. Iron; at this time, open the picker, push the machine out of the charge, fall into the skip, get a hot mixture;
3 )将热态混合物热送转炉吹氧熔分， 得到熔融态的铁水， 再经过常规炼钢 工序， 生产出优质钢铁产品。  3) The hot mixture is sent to a converter to blow oxygen to obtain molten iron in a molten state, and then subjected to a conventional steel making process to produce a high-quality steel product.
4) 将在第 3 ) 步骤中得到热态混合物热送至转炉吹氧熔分时； 转炉产生大 量的高温烟气， 该高温烟气首先经过热风炉， 以加热供应转炉的热风， 然后送 往余热锅炉房， 利用产生的蒸汽发电， 电能可以供应制氧机和其他动力用电。  4) The hot mixture obtained in step 3) is sent to the converter for oxygen blowing; the converter generates a large amount of high-temperature flue gas, which is first passed through a hot air furnace to heat the hot air supplied to the converter, and then sent to The waste heat boiler room uses the generated steam to generate electricity, and the electric energy can supply oxygen generators and other power.
所述煤是气煤和肥煤的混合物； 所述转炉是顶吹型转炉。  The coal is a mixture of gas coal and fat coal; the converter is a top-blown converter.
实施例 3  Example 3
一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 包括如下步骤：  A method for non-charring steel, comprising the following steps:
1 ) 原材料的预处理  1) Pretreatment of raw materials
①将煤、 铁矿石和石灰石进行干燥， 然后进行破碎筛分，  1 Dry coal, iron ore and limestone, then crush and sieve,
②选取 20mm的铁矿石粒、 煤粒和石灰石粒， 按照重量比 10: 5： 0. 2混合 或分层装炉， 得原料 A;  2 Select 20mm iron ore particles, coal particles and limestone particles, according to the weight ratio of 10: 5: 0.2 or mixed furnace, to obtain the raw material A;
2 )将上述预处理混匀后的原料 A由提升机提升到外热式焦炉型直接还原炉 炉顶， 由布料机将原料装入反应室， 进行氧化还原反应， 反应 180分钟， 生成 海绵铁； 此时打开拦料机， 推料机将炉料横推出去， 落入料车， 得热态混合物;  2) The raw material A mixed by the above pretreatment is lifted from the hoist to the top of the external thermal coke oven type direct reduction furnace, and the raw material is charged into the reaction chamber by the distributing machine to carry out a redox reaction for 180 minutes to form a sponge. Iron; at this time, open the picker, push the machine out of the charge, fall into the skip, get a hot mixture;
3)将热态混合物热送电炉吹氧熔分， 得到熔融态的铁水， 再经过常规炼钢 工序， 生产出优质钢铁产品。  3) The hot mixture is blown into the electric furnace to blow oxygen to obtain molten iron in the molten state, and then subjected to a conventional steel making process to produce a high-quality steel product.
所述煤是瘦煤； 所述电炉是电弧炉。  The coal is lean coal; the electric furnace is an electric arc furnace.
实施例 4 一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 包括如下步骤： Example 4 A method for non-charring steel, comprising the following steps:
1 ) 原材料的预处理  1) Pretreatment of raw materials
①将煤、 铁矿石和石灰石进行干燥， 然后进行破碎筛分，  1 Dry coal, iron ore and limestone, then crush and sieve,
②选取小于 3mm的铁矿石粉、煤粉、石灰石粉和粘结剂， 按照重量比为 10: 2： 0. 1： 0. 05的比例混合， 搅拌均匀、 制球、 烘干， 得原料 B;  2 select less than 3mm iron ore powder, coal powder, limestone powder and binder, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2: 0. 1: 0. 05 ratio mixing, stirring evenly, ball making, drying, to obtain raw material B;
2)将上述预处理混匀后的原料 B由提升机提升到外热式焦炉型直接还原炉 炉顶， 由布料机将原料装入反应室， 进行氧化还原反应， 反应 60分钟， 生成海 绵铁； 此时打开拦料机， 推料机将炉料横推出去， 落入料车， 得热态混合物； 2) The raw material B which has been mixed by the above pretreatment is lifted from the hoist to the top of the external thermal coke oven type direct reduction furnace, and the raw material is charged into the reaction chamber by the distributing machine to carry out a redox reaction for 60 minutes to form a sponge. Iron; at this time, open the picker, push the machine out of the charge, fall into the skip, get a hot mixture;
3)将热态混合物热送转炉吹氧熔分， 得到熔融态的铁水， 再经过常规炼钢 工序， 生产出优质钢铁产品。 3) The hot mixture is sent to a converter to blow oxygen to obtain molten iron in a molten state, and then subjected to a conventional steel making process to produce a high-quality steel product.
所述煤是无烟煤； 所述转炉是顶底复吹型转炉。  The coal is anthracite; the converter is a top-bottom double-blown converter.
实施例 5  Example 5
一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 包括如下步骤：  A method for non-charring steel, comprising the following steps:
1 ) 原材料的预处理  1) Pretreatment of raw materials
①将煤、 铁矿石和石灰石进行干燥， 然后进行破碎筛分，  1 Dry coal, iron ore and limestone, then crush and sieve,
②选取小于 3ram的铁矿石粉、煤粉、石灰石粉和添加剂，按照重量比 10: 7： 0. 3： 0. 3的比例混和； 得原料 C;  2 Select iron ore powder, coal powder, limestone powder and additives less than 3ram, and mix according to the ratio of weight ratio 10: 7: 0. 3: 0.3; obtain raw material C;
2)将上述预处理混匀后的原料 C由提升机提升到外热式焦炉型直接还原炉 炉顶， 由布料机将原料装入反应室， 进行氧化还原反应， 反应至少 60分钟， 生 成海绵铁； 此时打开拦料机， 推料机将炉料横推出去， 落入料车， 得热态混合 物；  2) The raw material C after the above pretreatment is mixed is lifted from the hoist to the top of the external thermal coke oven type direct reduction furnace, and the raw material is charged into the reaction chamber by the distributing machine to carry out a redox reaction for at least 60 minutes to generate Sponge iron; at this time, the material is opened, and the pusher pushes the charge horizontally and falls into the skip to obtain a hot mixture;
3)将热态混合物热送电炉吹氧熔分， 得到熔融态的铁水， 再经过常规炼钢 工序， 生产出优质钢铁产品。 所述煤是弱粘结性煤； 所述电炉是感应炉。 实施例 6 3) The hot mixture is blown into the electric furnace to blow oxygen to obtain molten iron in the molten state, and then through the conventional steel making process, high-quality steel products are produced. The coal is weakly cohesive coal; the electric furnace is an induction furnace. Example 6
一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 包括如下步骤- A method for non-smelting steel, including the following steps -
1 ) 原材料的预处理 1) Pretreatment of raw materials
①将煤、 铁矿石和石灰石进行干燥， 然后进行破碎筛分，  1 Dry coal, iron ore and limestone, then crush and sieve,
②选取小于 3mm的铁矿石粉、煤粉、石灰石粉和粘结剂， 按照重量比为 10: 5： 0. 2： 0. 08的比例混合， 搅拌均匀、 制球、 烘干， 得原料 B;  2 Select less than 3mm iron ore powder, coal powder, limestone powder and binder, according to the weight ratio of 10: 5: 0. 2: 0. 08 ratio mixing, stirring evenly, ball making, drying, to obtain raw material B;
2)将上述预处理混匀后的原料 B由提升机提升到外热式焦炉型直接还原炉 炉顶， 由布料机将原料装入反应室， 进行氧化还原反应， 反应 180分钟， 生成 海绵铁； 此时打开拦料机， 推料机将炉料横推出去， 落入料车， 得热态混合物;  2) The raw material B mixed by the above pretreatment is lifted from the hoist to the top of the external thermal coke oven type direct reduction furnace, and the raw material is charged into the reaction chamber by the distributing machine to carry out a redox reaction for 180 minutes to form a sponge. Iron; at this time, open the picker, push the machine out of the charge, fall into the skip, get a hot mixture;
3)将热态混合物热送转炉吹氧熔分， 得到熔融态的铁水， 再经过常规炼钢 工序， 生产出优质钢铁产品。  3) The hot mixture is sent to a converter to blow oxygen to obtain molten iron in a molten state, and then subjected to a conventional steel making process to produce a high-quality steel product.
所述煤是焦煤、 气煤、 肥煤、 瘦煤、 无烟煤、 弱粘结性煤中的的混合物。 所述的转炉是侧吹型转炉。  The coal is a mixture of coking coal, gas coal, fat coal, lean coal, anthracite, weakly cohesive coal. The converter is a side blow type converter.
实施例 7  Example 7
重复实施例 1， 不同之处仅在于： 其中的步骤 3) 由下述步骤代替： 将热态混合物热冷却， 然后通过破碎、 磁选等方法分离获得合格海绵铁， 送高炉熔分， 得到优质的铁水， 再经过常规炼钢工序， 生产出优质钢铁产品。  Example 1 is repeated except that: Step 3) is replaced by the following steps: The hot mixture is thermally cooled, and then separated by a method such as crushing, magnetic separation, etc., and the molten iron is sent to the blast furnace to obtain high quality. The molten iron, through the conventional steelmaking process, produces high quality steel products.
实施例 8  Example 8
重复实施例 6， 不同之处仅在于： 其中的步骤 3) 由下述步骤代替： 将热态混合物热冷却， 然后通过破碎、 磁选等方法分离获得合格海绵铁， 送化铁炉熔分， 得到优质的铁水， 再经过常规炼钢工序， 生产出优质钢铁产品。 显然， 本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例， 而并 非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。 对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说， 在上述 说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。 这里无需也无法对所有 的实施方式予以穷举。 而这些属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变 化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。 Example 6 is repeated except that: Step 3) is replaced by the following steps: The hot mixture is thermally cooled, and then the qualified sponge iron is separated by crushing, magnetic separation, etc., and the iron furnace is melted. Get high-quality molten iron and then produce high-quality steel products through the conventional steelmaking process. It is apparent that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the various forms may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above description. There is no need and no way to exhaust all of the implementations. However, it is obvious that such changes or modifications as may be apparent from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 Claim
1、 一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 其特征在于， 包括如下步骤： 1 ) 原材料的 预处理 A method for non-charring and smelting steel, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1) pretreatment of raw materials
①将煤、 铁矿石和石灰石进行干燥， 然后进行破碎筛分， 1 Dry coal, iron ore and limestone, then crush and sieve,
②选取 3〜35mm的铁矿石粒、煤粒和石灰石粒，按照重量比 10: 2〜7： 0. 1〜 0. 3混合或分层装炉， 得原料 A; 2, 3 to 35mm of iron ore particles, coal particles and limestone particles, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2~7: 0. 1~ 0. 3 mixed or layered furnace, to obtain the raw material A;
③选取小于 3mm的铁矿石粉、煤粉、石灰石粉和粘结剂， 按照重量比为 10: 2〜7： 0. 1〜0. 3： 0. 05〜0. 1的比例混合， 搅拌均匀、 制球、 烘干， 得原料 B; 3, select iron ore powder, coal powder, limestone powder and binder less than 3mm, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2~7: 0. 1~0. 3: 0. 05~0. 1 ratio mixing, stirring evenly , ball making, drying, get raw material B;
④选取小于 3mm的铁矿石粉、煤粉、石灰石粉和添加剂，按照重量比 10: 2〜 7： 0. 1〜0. 3： 0. 1〜0. 3的比例混和； 得原料 C; 4, the iron ore powder, coal powder, limestone powder and additives are less than 3mm, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2~ 7: 0. 1~0. 3: 0. 1~0. 3 ratio of mixing;
2) 将上述预处理混匀后的原料 A、 B或 C由提升机提升到外热式焦炉型直 接还原炉炉顶， 由布料机将原料装入反应室， 进行氧化还原反应， 反应至少 60 分钟， 生成海绵铁； 此时打开拦料机， 推料机将炉料横推出去， 落入料车， 得 热态混合物； 2) The raw materials A, B or C mixed by the above pretreatment are lifted from the hoist to the top of the external thermal coke oven type direct reduction furnace, and the raw materials are charged into the reaction chamber by the distributing machine to carry out the oxidation-reduction reaction, at least 60 minutes, the sponge iron is generated; at this time, the picker is opened, and the pusher pushes the charge horizontally and falls into the skip to obtain a hot mixture;
3)将热态混合物热送电炉或转炉吹氧熔分， 得到熔融态的铁水， 再经过常 规炼钢工序， 生产出优质钢铁产品。 3) The hot mixture is heated to a furnace or a converter to blow oxygen to obtain molten iron in a molten state, and then subjected to a conventional steel making process to produce a high-quality steel product.
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 其特征在于： 所述煤 是焦煤、 气煤、 肥煤、 痩煤、 无烟煤、 弱粘结性煤中的一种或几种的混合物。 2. The method of non-char smelting steel according to claim 1, wherein: the coal is one or more of coking coal, gas coal, fat coal, coal, anthracite, and weakly cohesive coal. Kind of mixture.
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 其特征在于： 电炉包 括矿热炉、 电弧炉、 感应炉； 其中的转炉包括顶吹型转炉、 顶底复吹型转炉、 侧吹型转炉。  3. The method of non-char smelting steel according to claim 1, wherein: the electric furnace comprises a submerged arc furnace, an electric arc furnace, an induction furnace; wherein the converter comprises a top-blown converter, a top-bottom double-blown converter, Side blow type converter.
4、 根据权利要求 1、 2或 3所述的一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 其特征在于: 所述外热式焦炉型直接还原炉是一种上加料、 侧出料的外热式焦炉型直接还原 炉。  4. A method of non-coking steel smelting according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: said external heat type coke oven type direct reduction furnace is an external heating type of upper feeding and side discharging. Coke oven type direct reduction furnace.
5、根据权利要求 1所述的一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 其特征在于： 在第 3) 步骤中， 热态混合物热送至转炉吹氧熔分时； 转炉产生大量的高温烟气， 使高 权 利 要 求 书 温烟气首先经过热风炉， 以加热供应熔分炉的热风， 然后送往余热锅炉 ^ ;译 u 用产生的蒸汽发电。 5. A method of non-coking steel smelting according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the hot mixture is sent to the converter for oxygen blowing; the converter generates a large amount of high temperature flue gas. Make high The weight requirement is that the warm flue gas is first passed through a hot blast stove to heat the hot air supplied to the melting furnace, and then sent to the waste heat boiler to generate electricity.
6、 一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 其特征在于， 包括如下步骤：  6. A method of non-charring and smelting steel, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
1 ) 原材料的预处理 1) Pretreatment of raw materials
①将煤、 铁矿石和石灰石进行干燥， 然后进行破碎筛分， 1 Dry coal, iron ore and limestone, then crush and sieve,
②选取 3〜35mm的铁矿石粒、煤粒和石灰石粒，按照重量比 10: 2〜7： 0. 1〜 0. 3混合或分层装炉， 得原料 A;  2, 3 to 35mm of iron ore particles, coal particles and limestone particles, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2~7: 0. 1~ 0. 3 mixed or layered furnace, to obtain the raw material A;
③选取小于 3mm的铁矿石粉、煤粉、石灰石粉和粘结剂， 按照重量比为 10: 2〜7： 0. 1〜0. 3： 0. 05〜0. 1的比例混合， 搅拌均匀、 制球、 烘干， 得原料 B; 3, select iron ore powder, coal powder, limestone powder and binder less than 3mm, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2~7: 0. 1~0. 3: 0. 05~0. 1 ratio mixing, stirring evenly , ball making, drying, get raw material B;
④选取小于 3mm的铁矿石粉、煤粉、石灰石粉和添加剂，按照重量比 10: 2〜 7： 0. 1〜0. 3： 0. 1〜0. 3的比例混和; 得原料 C; 4, the iron ore powder, coal powder, limestone powder and additives are less than 3mm, according to the weight ratio of 10: 2~ 7: 0. 1~0. 3: 0. 1~0. 3 ratio of mixing;
2) 将上述预处理混匀后的原料 A、 B或 C由提升机提升到外热式焦炉型直 接还原炉炉顶， 由布料机将原料装入反应室， 进行氧化还原反应， 反应至少 60 分钟， 生成海绵铁； 此时打开拦料机， 推料机将炉料横推出去， 落入料车， 得 热态混合物； 2) The raw materials A, B or C mixed by the above pretreatment are lifted from the hoist to the top of the external thermal coke oven type direct reduction furnace, and the raw materials are charged into the reaction chamber by the distributing machine to carry out the oxidation-reduction reaction, at least 60 minutes, the sponge iron is generated; at this time, the picker is opened, and the pusher pushes the charge horizontally and falls into the skip to obtain a hot mixture;
3)将热态混合物热冷却，然后通过破碎、磁选等方法分离获得合格海绵铁， 送高炉或化铁炉熔分， 得到优质的铁水， 再经过常规炼钢工序， 生产出优质钢 铁产品。 3) The hot mixture is cooled by heat, and then the qualified sponge iron is separated by crushing, magnetic separation, etc., and sent to a blast furnace or a molten iron furnace to obtain high-quality molten iron, and then subjected to a conventional steel making process to produce a high-quality steel iron product.
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的一种非焦冶炼钢铁的方法， 其特征在于： 所述煤 是焦煤、 气煤、 肥煤、 瘦煤、 无烟煤、 弱粘结性煤中的一种或几种的混合物。 7. The method of non-coking steelmaking according to claim 6, wherein: the coal is one or more of coking coal, gas coal, fat coal, lean coal, anthracite, and weakly cohesive coal. Kind of mixture.
PCT/CN2007/002634 2007-09-03 2007-09-03 A process for non-coke smelting iron and steel WO2009030064A1 (en)

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CN107036121A (en) * 2017-06-08 2017-08-11 青岛华煤能源科技有限公司 A kind of semi-coke integrated combustion system
CN114507536A (en) * 2022-03-28 2022-05-17 武汉钢铁有限公司 Coal blending method for improving crushing strength of coke
CN114959148A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-08-30 刘绍祥 Electric furnace iron-making method

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CN104745217A (en) * 2015-04-01 2015-07-01 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Blending method of high-metamorphous coking coal
CN107036121A (en) * 2017-06-08 2017-08-11 青岛华煤能源科技有限公司 A kind of semi-coke integrated combustion system
CN107036121B (en) * 2017-06-08 2024-03-08 青岛华煤能源科技有限公司 Semi-coke comprehensive combustion system
CN114507536A (en) * 2022-03-28 2022-05-17 武汉钢铁有限公司 Coal blending method for improving crushing strength of coke
CN114507536B (en) * 2022-03-28 2022-11-29 武汉钢铁有限公司 Coal blending method for improving crushing strength of coke
CN114959148A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-08-30 刘绍祥 Electric furnace iron-making method

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