CN105039628B - Full coal base confesses that hot direct reduced technique and full coal base confess hot direct reduced shaft furnace - Google Patents
Full coal base confesses that hot direct reduced technique and full coal base confess hot direct reduced shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN105039628B CN105039628B CN201510550196.6A CN201510550196A CN105039628B CN 105039628 B CN105039628 B CN 105039628B CN 201510550196 A CN201510550196 A CN 201510550196A CN 105039628 B CN105039628 B CN 105039628B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to Direct Reduction Technology field, there is provided a kind of full coal base confesses hot direct reduced technique, and reduction furnace uses shaft furnace, and the shaft furnace includes at least one reduction room, and each room that reduces is by least one combustion chamber heat supply.The technique is used as reducing agent using lump coal, and in the lump coal, by percentage to the quality, fixed carbon content is 65% ~ 75%, and volatile matter content is 20% ~ 35%；The volatile matter thermally decomposed in coal gas caused by reduction process and coal is passed through combustion chambers burn and provides thermal source, realizes that confession is hot direct reduced, without using or only on a small quantity using the fuel such as extra natural gas, energy consumption is low, energy-conserving and environment-protective.The coal used realizes full coal base confession thermal reduction, energy-conserving and environment-protective, and production cost is relatively low for the bituminous coal of cheap inferior grade.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to non-blast furnace ironmaking technical field, and in particular to a kind of full coal base confesses hot direct reduced technique and one
The full coal base of kind confesses hot direct reduced shaft furnace.
Background technology
DRI（DRI）Sponge iron is called, reducing agent reducing iron ore, Iron concentrate are used as using natural gas or mill coal
Or formed after iron-bearing material.Reducing agent is different, and the DRI produced chemical composition is also different.It is first to remnants with steel grade is smelted
Element requires more and more tighter, the particularly product steel such as nuclear power, hydrogenation, power station, during using common recirculating scrap and outsourcing scrap smelting,
Requirement of the product to residual elements is can not meet.DRI is commonly used because its impurity content is very low in steel-making
To replace part steel scrap to solve the problems, such as the residual elements in steelmaking process, high-quality clean steel or special steel are produced.
Global DRI sustained production increase in recent years, according to statistics, the yield of world's DRI in 2010 is
Up to the 6.7% of 70,370,000 t, about China's blase furnace cast iron yield.Restricted by resource, the production development of China's DRI is delayed
Slowly, 1.0% of yield less than global DRI yield.
It is divided into gas-based reduction and coal base reduction by the different direct-reduction of reducing agent.Gas-based reduction technique is mainly with natural gas
For reducing agent, shaft furnace, retort etc. common are；Because China's natural gas resource is deficienter, thus gas-based reduction technique should
With being restricted.Coal-based DR process is using coal as reducing agent, most of scale is smaller, and energy consumption is also higher；Common coal
Base directly reducing technology includes rotary hearth furnace, tunnel cave and rotary kiln etc..Tunnel cave is the high attached dedicated for production of Europe exploitation
The main technique means of value added powder metallurgy iron powder, the direct-reduction tunnel cave of regular design are up to 160-270 rice, existed
Production capacity is small（Single kiln is maximum to produce 60000 tons per year）, heat loss is big, and energy consumption is very high（Consume coal about 1t/t, wherein reduction with coal 450~
450~550kg/t of coal is used in 650kg/t, heating）, production cycle length（48~76 hours）, it is seriously polluted（Reduce coal ash, useless reduction
The solid waste such as tank are more, and dust is more）, the problems such as unstable product quality.Rotary kiln be it is current domestic it is more common it is direct also
Former iron production method, because requiring harsh to crude fuel, the investment of unit production capacity and operating cost are higher, and stable operation difficulty is bigger than normal,
Production scale is less than normal（Maximum 150,000 t/ seats）, it is difficult to as the main process of China's DRI development.Rotary hearth furnace exists
Containing industrialized production is realized in terms of Fe, Zn, Cr, Ni dust, it is disadvantageous in that sponge iron for processing steel plant（DRI）Gangue
It is high with sulfur content, cause the increase of the electric furnace steel making quantity of slag, consumption of electrode, it is difficult to be directly used in production steel-making DRI.Its
Secondary rotary hearth furnace is using spacious flame mode of heating heating furnace charge, and because fuel combustion is oxidizing atmosphere, and the reduction of ferriferous oxide needs
Reducing atmosphere is wanted, therefore furnace atmosphere generally be present and be difficult to control in spacious flame mode of heating, reduzate is easily by secondary oxidation
Problem, influence sponge iron final mass.
It is therefore desirable to design a kind of full coal base to confess that hot direct reduced technique and a kind of full coal base confession are hot direct reduced
Shaft furnace, to overcome above mentioned problem.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of prior art, there is provided a kind of full coal base confesses hot direct reduced technique
And a kind of full coal base confesses hot direct reduced shaft furnace, it uses coal as reducing agent, divides in coal gas caused by reduction process and coal
The volatile combustion of solution is as thermal source, and energy consumption is low, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
What the present invention was realized in：
The present invention provides a kind of full coal base and confesses hot direct reduced technique, and reduction furnace uses shaft furnace, and the shaft furnace is included extremely
Few reduction room, each reduction room is by least one combustion chamber heat supply；
The technique comprises the following steps：
Raw material preparation process：Iron ore material pelletizing will be contained and form pelletizing, reducing agent uses lump coal, in the lump coal, with quality
Percentages, fixed carbon content are 65% ~ 75%, and volatile matter content is 20% ~ 35%；
Burden distributing procedure：Lump coal and the pelletizing cloth is indoor to each reduction, and each reduction is indoor, in raw material
Carbon oxygen mol ratio is 1 ~ 1.5；
It is reduced directly step：Outer confession combustion gas is passed through in each combustion chamber and carries out burning baker, is respectively reduced during baker
Reduction reaction occurs for indoor raw material, and it is indoor from each reduction that caused volatile matter is thermally decomposed in coal gas caused by reduction reaction and coal
Draw and be uniformly passed through each burning Indoor Combustion, when the coal gas and volatile combustion that are passed through in combustion chamber can meet reduction reaction
During heat demand, stop gas supply；
Discharge step：By caused sponge iron and ash content of coal waste material from the discharge of each reduction room bottom, and separate and recover.
Further, the shaft furnace includes a combustion chamber, and each reduction room is in the cylindrical structure being vertically arranged,
Each reduction room array is arranged in the combustion chamber；Caused by being thermally decomposed in coal gas caused by each reduction room and coal
Volatile matter is uniformly passed through the burning Indoor Combustion.
Further, it is reduced directly in step, coal gas and volatile matter are passed through the burning caused by each reduction interior
Room is located at the center section part divided combustion on vertical direction, and each reduction is indoor, sequentially form from top to bottom preheating section, reduction section and
Cooling section.
Further, in the direct-reduction step, reduction reaction temperature is in the range of 1000 ~ 1150 DEG C.
Further, in the raw material preparation process, the granularity of the lump coal is 1.1 ~ 1.5 times of the pellet size.
Further, a diameter of 10 ~ 30mm of the pelletizing.
Further, in the burden distributing procedure, the lump coal and the pelletizing are multilayer cloth, and lump coal described in multilayer
It is spaced successively with pelletizing described in multilayer.
Further, in the discharge step, by each reduction room top-feed, control while respectively reducing room bottom discharging
The discharge velocity of each reduction room is adapted with its charging rate, is worked continuously with being formed.
Further, described containing iron ore material is Iron Ore Powder.
Further, the outer confession combustion gas is natural gas.
The present invention also provides a kind of full coal base and confesses hot direct reduced shaft furnace, including a combustion chamber and at least one reduction
Room, each reduction room are arranged in the combustion chamber in the cylindrical structure being vertically arranged, each reduction room array；Respectively
The reduction ceiling portion is equipped with charge door, and each reduction room bottom is equipped with discharge gate；The top of each reduction room
Provided with gas outlet, the combustion chamber is provided with outer confession fuel gas inlet, combustion air inlet and multiple reduction room gas accesses, more
The individual reduction room gas access is located on the stage casing part that the combustion chamber is located on vertical direction, each reduction room gas
Body entrance is connected by gas pipe with gas outlet described in wherein at least one.
The invention has the advantages that：This direct-reduction technique uses coal as reducing agent, caused by reduction process
The volatile combustion decomposed in coal gas and coal as thermal source, without using or only on a small quantity using the fuel such as extra natural gas, energy
Consume low, energy-conserving and environment-protective.The coal used realizes full coal base confession and heat-treated for the bituminous coal of cheap inferior grade, energy-conserving and environment-protective, and
Production cost is relatively low.This direct-reduction shaft furnace can realize confession it is hot direct reduced, without or only need a small amount of extra combustion gas, can have
Effect reduces energy consumption and production costs.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that full coal base provided in an embodiment of the present invention confesses hot direct reduced shaft furnace；
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view that full coal base provided in an embodiment of the present invention confesses hot direct reduced shaft furnace；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that full coal base provided in an embodiment of the present invention confesses hot direct reduced technique.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art obtained on the premise of creative work is not made it is all its
Its embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one
Such as Fig. 1-figure, 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of full coal base and confesses hot direct reduced technique, and reduction furnace is using perpendicular
Stove, the shaft furnace include at least one reduction room 1, and each reduction room 1 is by least one heat supply of combustion chamber 2.
The technique comprises the following steps：
Raw material preparation process：Iron ore material pelletizing will be contained and form pelletizing, reducing agent uses lump coal, in the lump coal, with quality
Percentages, fixed carbon content are 65% ~ 75%, and volatile matter content is 20% ~ 35%.Wherein, it is Iron Ore Powder or iron essence containing iron ore material
Miberal powder etc., balling process is concretely：Pelletizing, balling-up on disc balling machine or ball press after Iron Ore Powder and binding agent are mixed
Pelletizing described in drying to obtain afterwards, pelletizing diameter is in the range of 10 ~ 30mm, preferably 20mm.The granularity of lump coal is pellet size
1.1 ~ 1.5 times, preferably 1.2 times, larger lump coal is needed by break process.
Burden distributing procedure：By in lump coal and the pelletizing cloth to each reduction room 1, in each reduction room 1, raw material
Middle carbon oxygen mol ratio is 1 ~ 1.5, preferably 1.3.Wherein, the lump coal and the pelletizing are preferably multilayer cloth, and multilayer institute
State that lump coal is spaced successively with pelletizing described in multilayer, the lump coal thickness of each layer is identical, and the pelletizing thickness of each layer is identical, to reach
The purpose of homogeneous reaction, improve the homogenieity for going back original product.The thickness ratio of lump coal and pelletizing is according to carbon oxygen mol ratio（C/O）Really
It is fixed, that is, meet that carbon oxygen mol ratio is in 1 ~ 1.5 in raw material.
It is reduced directly step：Outer confession combustion gas is passed through in each combustion chamber 2 and carries out burning baker, is respectively reduced during baker
Reduction reaction occurs for raw material in room 1, and caused volatile matter is thermally decomposed in coal gas caused by reduction reaction and coal from each reduction room 1
It is interior to draw and be uniformly passed through burning in each combustion chamber 2, when the coal gas and volatile combustion that are passed through in combustion chamber 2 can meet that reduction is anti-
During the heat demand answered, stop gas supply.Wherein, it is outer to use natural gas for combustion gas, or using coal gas；Reduction reaction temperature
Degree is preferred in the range of 1000 ~ 1150 DEG C with 1100 DEG C.The opportunity for stopping supply can be in actual production process by operating personnel
Control, the outer quantity combusted for supplying combustion gas, the producible calorie value of burning, the volatile matter content in coal, pelletizing and lump coal need to be considered
The factors such as granularity, a period of time can be delayed more theoretical opportunity, to ensure there are enough fuel gas in combustion chamber 2.
Discharge step：By caused sponge iron and ash content of coal waste material from the discharge of each reduction bottom of room 1, and separate and recover.Enter
One step, in this step, by each reduction top-feed of room 1 while respectively reducing 1 bottom discharging of room, control and each reduce room 1
Discharge velocity is adapted with its charging rate, is worked continuously with being formed.By controlling discharge velocity so that raw material is in reduction room 1
The interior residence time is controllable, so that the reduction degree of product is controllable, the product of grade needed for acquisition.
Preferably, the shaft furnace described in the present embodiment uses following structure：The shaft furnace includes a combustion chamber 2, respectively
The reduction room 1 is arranged in the combustion chamber 2 in the cylindrical structure being vertically arranged, each reduction array of room 1；Each institute
State volatile matter caused by being thermally decomposed in coal gas caused by reduction room 1 and coal and be uniformly passed through in the combustion chamber 2 and burn.Described in each also
Former room 1 is separated with the combustion chamber 2 by reducing room furnace wall 3.I.e. this direct-reduction technique uses fixed siege, by a burning
Room 2 eliminates most of transmission devices for being reduced directly stove bulky complex to each reduction heat supply of room 1；By reducing zone and burning
Distinguish so that reduction furnace atmosphere is controllable, prevents the sponge iron secondary oxidation after reduction, can produce high quality sponge iron；It is logical
Reduction rate can be controlled by overregulating blanking velocity, and product reduction degree is controllable.In addition, it can be expanded according to production-scale needs
The inner space of combustion chamber 2 and the quantity for increasing reduction room 1, realize large-scale production.
It is caused in each reduction room 1 in above-mentioned direct-reduction step as a kind of preferred structure of the present embodiment
Coal gas and volatile matter are passed through the center section part divided combustion that the combustion chamber 2 is located on vertical direction, and high-temperature gas caused by burning rises
Combustion chamber 2 is discharged, so as to sequentially form middle-temperature section, high temperature section and low-temperature zone from top to bottom in combustion chamber 2, correspondingly in each institute
State in reduction room 1, sequentially form preheating section, reduction section and cooling section from top to bottom.Accordingly, during reduction reaction, reduction
Temperature control in section is in the range of 1000 ~ 1150 DEG C.In reduction section in the caused downward running of high-temperature sponge iron,
Gradually cooled down in cooling section, by secondary oxidation when avoiding the sponge iron of high temperature from discharging reduction room 1.To improve the cooling energy of cooling section
Power, cooling body can be set in cooling section, such as use the existing shaft furnace cooling section type of cooling, i.e., set in cooling section lower end
Gas injection structure is cooled down, cooling gas collection structure is set in cooling section upper end；Or use following structure：The cooling body includes setting
Cooling water channel in the reduction room furnace wall 3 in corresponding cooling section, the entrance of each cooling water channel is and cooling water tube
Connection, the outlet of each cooling water channel are connected with cooling water return duct, and the reduction room furnace wall 3 in cooling section is formed to reduction
The cooling wall that product is cooled down；Cooling water channel can reduce snakelike arrangement in room furnace wall 3 corresponding, to improve heat exchange area.
Sponge iron through cooling section cooling discharge can carry out briquetting processing, convenience in transport or utilization.For it is above-mentioned formed with
The shaft furnace of cooling section, in initial cloth, due to that need to provide support for the raw material in reduction room 1, therefore cooling section planted agent is furnished with
Raw material or other supporting materials, during initial discharge, the raw material discharged at first may return to cloth system cloth again（Due to heat radiation
And the factor of heat transfer, the temperature of the raw material is high compared with the temperature of other initial feeds, beneficial to the progress of reduction reaction）；Such as discharge
Be other supporting materials, then the cloth available for next heat.Certainly, cooling body, the high temperature sponge of discharge can be also not provided with
Iron is sent into electric furnace steel making or blast furnace ironmaking by the way of hot sending；In this case, reducing caused fuel gas in room 1 can draw
Enter the middle part of combustion chamber 2 and bottom while burn, but because burning is not concentrated, may result in temperature in reduction room 1 and do not reach and want
Ask；But in this case, the bottom of combustion chamber 2 or bottom can be arranged on for fuel gas inlet by outer, during baker, reduces room 1
Reduction reaction first occurs for the raw material of bottom, is not required to set support raw material so as to reduce the bottom of room 1（I.e. the part material is not required to return
Again reduce）Or other supporting materials.
The principle of this direct-reduction technique is：Volatile matter in coal is decomposed under conditions of heating, C and institute in coal
The ferriferous oxide on the pelletizing surface of contact reacts, and produces reducibility gas CO, CO and occurs with the ferriferous oxide in pelletizing
Reduction reaction generates metallic iron and CO2, CO2Gasification reaction generation CO, CO occurs with the carbon in coal and enters reduced iron oxygen in pelletizing again
Compound generates CO2；So circulation, entirely reacting can be explained with unreacted core model, CO and CO2The adsorption and desorption in pelletizing
Driving force is concentration gradient.Coal gas caused by reduction reaction（CO）And caused volatile matter is thermally decomposed in coal（Mainly include H2、
CmHn、CO、CO2）Combustion chamber 2 is introduced into, wherein gas fuel burning heat release, heat is provided for reduction room 1.Ideally, carbon
When oxygen mol ratio is 1, reaction between carbon and oxygen can fully generate CO completely；But in view of the insufficiency that carbon oxygen combines, carbon oxygen is set to rub
That ratio is more than 1, and volatile matter content can ensure enough reducing atmospheres and burning gas volume more than 20% in coal, so as to real
Now full coal base confession is hot direct reduced.
Based on above-mentioned technique, caused coal gas and volatile matter need to be evenly distributed to each region in combustion chamber 2 in each reduction room 1
Burning, to ensure that the temperature in combustion chamber 2 on sustained height position everywhere is roughly the same, to ensure the reduction of each reduction room 1
Reaction temperature is uniform, so as to ensure to go back the homogenieity of original product.To achieve the above object, multiple reduction are set on combustion chamber 2
Room gas access, multiple reduction room gas access uniform rings are located at the center section part on vertical direction located at the combustion chamber 2
Point, each reduction room gas access is connected by gas pipe with gas outlet described in wherein at least one.Fired to improve
Uniformity is burnt, the gas outlet of each reduction room 1 can be accessed same gas-collecting pipe, the port of export of the gas-collecting pipe is set
One gas distributor, each reduction room gas access of combustion chamber 2 connect with the gas distributor.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment provides a kind of full coal base and confesses hot direct reduced technique, and reduction furnace uses shaft furnace, and the shaft furnace includes
At least one reduction room 1, each reduction room 1 is by least one heat supply of combustion chamber 2；
The technique comprises the following steps：
Raw material preparation process：Pelletizing, pelletizing are a diameter of on disc balling machine after fine iron breeze and binding agent are mixed
20mm or so；Bituminous coal is broken into diameter about 24mm fritter lump coal, and in lump coal, by percentage to the quality, fixed carbon content is
65% ~ 70%, volatile matter content is 30% ~ 35%.
Burden distributing procedure：By the way of top filling, by pelletizing and lump coal continuously, layering respectively uniform cloth to reducing
In room 1；In each reduction room 1, carbon oxygen mol ratio is 1.1 ~ 1.2 in raw material.
It is reduced directly step：Natural gas is passed through in each combustion chamber 2 and carries out burning baker, room is respectively reduced during baker
Reduction reaction occurs for raw material in 1, and caused volatile matter is thermally decomposed in coal gas caused by reduction reaction and coal out of each reduction room 1
Draw and be uniformly passed through in each combustion chamber 2 and burn, when the coal gas and volatile combustion that are passed through in combustion chamber 2 can meet reduction reaction
Heat demand when, stop natural gas supply.Reduction reaction temperature is controlled at 1100 DEG C or so.
Discharge step：By caused sponge iron and ash content of coal waste material from the discharge of each reduction bottom of room 1, and separate and recover.This
In step, it is each while reduce 1 bottom discharging of room by each reduction top-feed of room 1, control the discharge velocity of each reduction room 1 with
Its charging rate is adapted, and is worked continuously with being formed.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment provides a kind of full coal base and confesses hot direct reduced technique, and reduction furnace uses shaft furnace, and the shaft furnace includes
At least one reduction room 1, each reduction room 1 is by least one heat supply of combustion chamber 2；
The technique comprises the following steps：
Raw material preparation process：Pelletizing, pelletizing are a diameter of on disc balling machine after fine iron breeze and binding agent are mixed
25mm；Bituminous coal is broken into diameter about 35mm fritter lump coal, and in lump coal, by percentage to the quality, fixed carbon content is 71% ~
75%, volatile matter content is 20% ~ 28%.
Burden distributing procedure：By the way of top filling, by pelletizing and lump coal continuously, layering respectively uniform cloth to reducing
In room 1；In each reduction room 1, carbon oxygen mol ratio is 1.3 ~ 1.5 in raw material.
It is reduced directly step：Natural gas is passed through in each combustion chamber 2 and carries out burning baker, room is respectively reduced during baker
Reduction reaction occurs for raw material in 1, and caused volatile matter is thermally decomposed in coal gas caused by reduction reaction and coal out of each reduction room 1
Draw and be uniformly passed through in each combustion chamber 2 and burn, when the coal gas and volatile combustion that are passed through in combustion chamber 2 can meet reduction reaction
Heat demand when, stop natural gas supply.Reduction reaction temperature is controlled at 1100 DEG C or so.
Discharge step：By caused sponge iron and ash content of coal waste material from the discharge of each reduction bottom of room 1, and separate and recover.This
In step, it is each while reduce 1 bottom discharging of room by each reduction top-feed of room 1, control the discharge velocity of each reduction room 1 with
Its charging rate is adapted, and is worked continuously with being formed.
Example IV
Such as Fig. 1-Fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a kind of full coal base and confesses hot direct reduced shaft furnace, including a He of combustion chamber 2
At least one reduction room 1, each reduction room 1 are arranged in the cylindrical structure being vertically arranged, each reduction array of room 1
In the combustion chamber 2；Each top of reduction room 1 is equipped with charge door, and each reduction bottom of room 1 is equipped with discharge gate；Often
The top of the individual reduction room 1 is provided with gas outlet, the combustion chamber 2 be provided with outer confession fuel gas inlet, combustion air inlet and
Multiple reduction room gas accesses, multiple reduction room gas accesses are located on during the combustion chamber 2 is located on vertical direction
Section part, each reduction room gas access are connected by gas pipe with gas outlet described in wherein at least one.Outer confession
Fuel gas inlet is connected by gas pipeline with outer for fuel gas source, and combustion air inlet is connected by comburent air duct 5 and air blower
Connect.Because caused coal gas and volatile matter are passed through the stage casing part that the combustion chamber 2 is located on vertical direction in each reduction room 1
Burning, caused by burning high-temperature gas rise discharge combustion chamber 2, so as to sequentially formed from top to bottom in combustion chamber 2 middle-temperature section,
High temperature section and low-temperature zone, correspondingly in each reduction room 1, preheating section, reduction section and cooling section are sequentially formed from top to bottom.
Embodiment five
The present embodiment provides a kind of full coal base and confesses hot direct reduced shaft furnace, including at least one reduction room 1 and at least two
Individual combustion chamber 2, the reduction room 1 and the combustion chamber 2 in the rectangular parallelepiped structure that is vertically arranged, each combustion chamber 2 with it is each
The reduction room 1 is arranged in order, and has a reduction room 1, each reduction room between every two neighboring combustion chamber 2
1 is separated with adjacent combustion chamber 2 by reducing room furnace wall 3, and each top of reduction room 1 is equipped with charge door, each reduction
The bottom of room 1 is equipped with discharge gate；The top of each reduction room 1 is provided with gas outlet, and each combustion chamber 2 is provided with outer
For fuel gas inlet, reduction room gas access and combustion air inlet, the reduction room gas access is located in the combustion chamber 2
Portion, each reduction room gas access are connected by gas pipe 4 with gas outlet described in wherein at least one；It is outer to supply combustion gas
Entrance is connected by gas pipeline with outer for fuel gas source, and combustion air inlet is connected by comburent air duct 5 with air blower.By
Arrangement is contacted successively with reduction room 1 in combustion chamber 2, therefore, reduces the gas outlet of room 1, the outer of combustion chamber 2 enters for combustion gas
Mouth, reduction room gas access and combustion air inlet can be respectively arranged on the side of corresponding body of heater（It is i.e. non-with adjacent reduction room 1 or
The contact surface of combustion chamber 2）.Combustion gas, reduction room gas is supplied to be passed through the burning of the middle part of combustion chamber 2 due to outer, therefore in combustion chamber 2 certainly
Middle-temperature section, high temperature section and low-temperature zone are sequentially formed under above, correspondingly in each reduction room 1, is sequentially formed from top to bottom
Preheating section, reduction section and cooling section.
To improve the cooling capacity of cooling section, cooling body can be set in cooling section, such as cooled down using existing shaft furnace
The section type of cooling, i.e., cooling gas injection structure is set in cooling section lower end, cooling gas collection structure is set in cooling section upper end；Or
Using following structure：The cooling body includes the cooling water channel in the reduction room furnace wall 3 in corresponding cooling section, each described cold
But the entrance of water channel connects with cooling water tube, and the outlet of each cooling water channel connects with cooling water return duct, cold
But the cooling wall that original product is cooled down is gone back in the formation pair of reduction room furnace wall 3 in section；Cooling water channel can be in corresponding reduction room stove
Snakelike arrangement in wall 3, to improve heat exchange area.
The shaft furnace that the present embodiment provides is fixed siege, eliminates the transmission of most of direct-reduction stove bulky complex
Device；Reducing zone and burning are distinguished so that reduction furnace atmosphere is controllable, prevents the sponge iron secondary oxidation after reduction, can
Produce high quality sponge iron；Reduction rate can be controlled by adjusting blanking velocity, and product reduction degree is controllable.Further, since also
Former room 1, combustion chamber 2 are spaced successively, can be according to production-scale needs, and increase is corresponding successively reduces room 1 and combustion chamber 2
Quantity, realize large-scale production.The shaft furnace on the reduction top of room 1 due to setting gas outlet, coal caused by reduction process
The fuel gas such as gas can be filled with the middle part of combustion chamber 2 and burn, and provide heat for reduction room 1, i.e. this shaft furnace can be realized direct from heat supply
Reduction, without or only need a small amount of extra combustion gas, can effectively reduce energy consumption and production costs.
The production process for the shaft furnace that the present embodiment provides is preferably to realize the full coal as described in embodiment one to embodiment three
Base confesses hot direct reduced technique, and technical process repeats no more.
Based on above-mentioned technique, caused coal gas and volatile matter need to be evenly distributed to each combustion chamber 2 in each reduction room 1, with
Ensure that the reduction reaction temperature of each reduction room 1 is uniform, so as to ensure to go back the homogenieity of original product.To achieve the above object, can incite somebody to action
The gas outlet of each reduction room 1 accesses same gas-collecting pipe, and the port of export of the gas-collecting pipe sets a gas distributor,
The reduction room gas access of each combustion chamber 2 connects with the gas distributor.Or the gas outlet of each reduction room 1 with
Positioned at the left side of reduction room 1（Or right side）Combustion chamber 2 reduction room gas access connection, this structure, will there is a burning
Room 2 can not obtain reduction room gas, can be passed through in the combustion chamber 2 outer for fuel gas buring heat supply.Or using following structure：Often
The individual gas outlet connects with two adjacent reduction room gas accesses respectively, i.e., each combustion chamber 2 obtains adjacent
Two reduction room 1 each 1/2 reduction room gases, can meet reduce the heat demand of room 1；Under this structure, positioned at both ends
Two combustion chambers 2 can only obtain 1/2 reduction room gas, can accordingly be passed through outer for combustion gas complementary heating.By can in combustion chamber 2
Combustion gas body burns, by the temperature control in the reduction section in the range of 1000 ~ 1150 DEG C.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of full coal base confesses hot direct reduced technique, it is characterised in that reduction furnace uses shaft furnace, and the shaft furnace is included at least
One reduction room, each reduction room is by least one combustion chamber heat supply；
The technique comprises the following steps：
Raw material preparation process：Iron ore material pelletizing will be contained and form pelletizing, reducing agent uses lump coal, in the lump coal, with quality percentage
Than meter, fixed carbon content is 65%~75%, and volatile matter content is 20%~35%；
Burden distributing procedure：Lump coal and the pelletizing cloth is indoor to each reduction, and each reduction is indoor, carbon oxygen in raw material
Mol ratio is 1.2~1.5；
It is reduced directly step：Outer confession combustion gas is passed through in each combustion chamber and carries out burning baker, each reduction is indoor during baker
Reduction reaction occurs for raw material, and caused volatile matter is thermally decomposed in coal gas caused by reduction reaction and coal from each indoor extraction of reduction
And each burning Indoor Combustion is uniformly passed through, when the coal gas and volatile combustion that are passed through in combustion chamber can meet the heat of reduction reaction
During demand, stop gas supply；
Discharge step：By caused sponge iron and ash content of coal waste material from the discharge of each reduction room bottom, and separate and recover.
2. full coal base according to claim 1 confesses hot direct reduced technique, it is characterised in that：The shaft furnace includes one
Combustion chamber, each reduction room are arranged in the combustion chamber in the cylindrical structure being vertically arranged, each reduction room array
It is interior；Volatile matter caused by being thermally decomposed in coal gas caused by each reduction room and coal is uniformly passed through the burning Indoor Combustion.
3. full coal base according to claim 2 confesses hot direct reduced technique, it is characterised in that：It is reduced directly in step,
Coal gas and volatile matter are passed through the center section part divided combustion that the combustion chamber is located on vertical direction caused by each reduction interior, respectively
The reduction is indoor, sequentially forms preheating section, reduction section and cooling section from top to bottom.
4. the full coal base according to claim 1 or 3 confesses hot direct reduced technique, it is characterised in that：The direct-reduction
In step, reduction reaction temperature is in the range of 1000~1150 DEG C.
5. full coal base according to claim 1 confesses hot direct reduced technique, it is characterised in that：The raw material preparation process
In, the granularity of the lump coal is 1.1~1.5 times of the pellet size.
6. full coal base confesses hot direct reduced technique according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that：The pelletizing it is straight
Footpath is 10~30mm.
7. full coal base confesses hot direct reduced technique according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that：The burden distributing procedure
In, the lump coal and the pelletizing are multilayer cloth, and lump coal described in multilayer and pelletizing described in multilayer are spaced successively.
8. full coal base according to claim 1 confesses hot direct reduced technique, it is characterised in that：In the discharge step,
By each reduction room top-feed, the discharge velocity and its charging rate of each reduction room of control while each reduction room bottom discharging
It is adapted, is worked continuously with being formed.
9. full coal base according to claim 1 confesses hot direct reduced technique, it is characterised in that：Described containing iron ore material is iron
Miberal powder.
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| CN106755687A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉科思瑞迪科技有限公司 | A kind of based shaft kiln directly reduced technique of coal |
| CN107166953B (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2023-03-28 | 索通发展股份有限公司 | Indirect heating device for petroleum coke volatile component |
| CN108955243B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2023-10-24 | 唐山奥特斯科技有限公司 | Vehicle bottom type tunnel furnace heating system and heating process thereof |
| CN109777906B (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2023-08-15 | 石欣 | Device and method for producing metallized pellets by utilizing red coke high-temperature heat energy |
| CN113322362A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-08-31 | 四川龙蟒矿冶有限责任公司 | Self-heating balance laterite reduction method |
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| CN201166513Y (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2008-12-17 | 李志忠 | Coal base direct-reduced iron external heating type high furnace |
| CN103305649A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-18 | 张勇 | Production process and device of externally-heated type vertical furnace coal based direct reduced iron |
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| CN1030775C (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1996-01-24 | 东北工学院 | Process and apparatus for reducing spongy iron in coal-base shaft furnace |
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| CN201166513Y (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2008-12-17 | 李志忠 | Coal base direct-reduced iron external heating type high furnace |
| CN103352097A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-10-16 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Reducing furnace, and technology for directly reducing coal-containing pellets through preheating outside coal base |
| CN103305649A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-18 | 张勇 | Production process and device of externally-heated type vertical furnace coal based direct reduced iron |
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