Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
  • B65B25/14—Packaging paper or like sheets, envelopes, or newspapers, in flat, folded, or rolled form
  • B65B25/146—Packaging paper or like sheets, envelopes, or newspapers, in flat, folded, or rolled form packaging rolled-up articles
  • B65B25/148—Jumbo paper rolls
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
  • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
  • B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
  • B31B50/14—Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting or trimming
  • B31B50/20—Cutting sheets or blanks
  • B31B50/22—Notching; Trimming edges of flaps
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
  • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
  • B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
  • B31B50/14—Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting or trimming
  • B31B50/146—Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting or trimming using tools mounted on a drum
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
  • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
  • B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
  • B31B50/25—Surface scoring
  • B31B50/256—Surface scoring using tools mounted on a drum
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
  • B65D81/02—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage
  • B65D81/05—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents
  • B65D81/053—Corner, edge or end protectors
  • B65D81/054—Protectors contacting two generally perpendicular surfaces of the packaged article, e.g. edge protectors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
  • B65D85/66—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for jumbo rolls; for rolls of floor covering

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for packaging of paper and board rolls, which method comprises the winding of a sheath paper web consisting of a papery carrier, one side of which having at least one portion thereof covered by a thermoplastic resin that becomes adhesive when heated, at least one turn about the envelope surface of the roll with the thermoplastic resin facing the envelope surface and the papery carrier facing away from the envelope surface, such that a side edge portion of the sheath paper web projects externally of an end gable of the roll, bringing an end gable circular blank with a size that fits the diameter of the roll to lie against the roll, at least at one of the end gables, and folding the projecting side edge portion down against the end gable of the roll.
• the object of the invention is to achieve a packing method that is less costly than the previously known methods, but that nevertheless gives a completely acceptable result.
• thermoplastic resin on the folded-down side edge portion will accordingly face the end gable circular blank and is easily adhered to the circular blank by heat sealing.
• the projecting side edge portion to be folded down against the end gable of the roll is preferably provided with a series of lateral slits that between them form a series of tongues that after folding down partly overlap each other and that in connection with the heat sealing will give a covering sealing of the sheath paper web against the end gable circular blank.
• An additionally improved impenetrability of the packaging can be achieved by a spacing between the slits being adapted such that when the sheath paper web has been wound more than one turn about the envelope surface of the roll, the slits of the outer turn will not be positioned over the slits of the inner turn.
• the packing with the sheath paper web can be performed with one edge web at each end gable and at least one intermediate sheath paper web that at its edge portions overlaps or is overlapped by the edge webs. In that way the number of widths in stock, of sheath paper webs, could be decreased.
• thermoplastic resin preferably covers the entire side of the papery carrier, such that the sheath paper web will consist of a laminate of the carrier and the thermoplastic resin. Thereby, the sheath paper web will become waterproof and the packaging will provide a better protection.
• the end gable circular blank may comprise a paper fibre material and suitably consists of a paper fibre material carrier having one side thereof at least partly covered with a thermoplastic resin that becomes adhesive when heated.
• the thermoplastic resin preferably covers the entire side of the paper fibre material carrier, such that the end gable circular blank will consist of a laminate of the carrier and the thermoplastic resin.
• the end gable circular blank will be waterproof (forms a moisture barrier) and the packaging will give improved protection.
• end gable circular blank is applied against the end gable of the roll with the carrier facing the end gable of the roll and the thermoplastic facing away from the end gable of the roll.
• the end gable surface that faces out will provide more friction than if it was covered with paper and such a higher friction is an advantage in connection with the piling up of upstanding rolls.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic side view over a packed, lying down, paper or board roll having a first preferred embodiment of the packaging according to the invention shown in cross-section.
• Fig. IA is a magnification of the upper right corner of Fig. 1.
• Fig. 2 is a planar view showing a sheath paper end that is to be attached at and wound onto the paper or board roll, a series of slits in each side edge portion of the sheath paper end and a device for cutting these slits.
• Fig. 3 is an end view of the packed roll in Fig. 1.
• Fig. 3 A shows a magnification of the marked portion of Fig. 3 and a conceived cross- sectional view of the magnified portion.
• Fig. 4 is a view in perspective over a knife roll and a interacting counter roll in the slit cutting device shown in Fig. 2.
• Fig. 5 is a view in perspective over the drive arrangement for the knife roll and the interacting counter roll shown in Fig. 4.
• Fig. 6 is a side view over a packed, lying down, paper or board roll having a second embodiment of the packaging shown in cross-section.
• Fig. 7 is a schematic planar view over another embodiment of a packing plant, in which the applying of paper is performed in two stations.
• Fig. 8 is a schematic planar view over an embodiment of a packing plant positioned in parallel with a roll conveyor.
• Fig. 9 is a view in perspective over a series of sheath paper rolls of various web width in the packing plant according to Fig. 7 or Fig. 8, for delivery to the actual packing, and
• Fig. 10 is a side view over a part of a packing station according to the invention.
• Fig. 1 and the magnification of its upper right corner in Fig. IA, a side view is shown over a packed, lying down paper or board roll 1 for which a first preferred embodiment of the package according to the invention is shown in cross-section.
• Fig. 1 the various parts are (elucidatory) shown as lying on a distance from each other while Fig. IA gives a more true to life image of a package according to the invention.
• a sheath paper web 2 consisting of a papery carrier 20, one side of which having at least one portion thereof covered by a thermoplastic resin 21 that becomes adhesive when heated, has been wound at least one turn about the envelope surface 10 of the roll 1 with the thermoplastic resin 21 facing the envelope surface 10 and the papery carrier 20 facing away from the envelope surface 10.
• Fig. 1 shows only a single turn in order to avoid crowding of the details shown in the figure and to give better lucidity.
• the shown sheath paper web 2 is wider than the roll 1, such that the web will have side edge portions 22 that project a distance 1 from the end gables 11, 12 of the roll but are folded down during packing against the end gables of the roll to the position shown in Fig. 1 and IA.
• 1 is at least 50 mm and preferably less than 250 mm, more preferred 60 mm ⁇ 1 ⁇ 150 mm.
• D relates to d according to the following:
• - D-3 mm ⁇ d ⁇ D+3 mm preferably;
• - d is somewhat larger than D, such as 1 -3 mm, in case there is need for extra edge protection;
• the papery carrier 20 is preferably formed from kraft paper but kraft liner, thin board and the like is also suitable.
• the thermoplastic resin 21 is preferably formed from polyethylene but other thermoplastic resins that become adhesive when heated are also suitable, e.g. other polyolefins such as polypropylene.
• a packing method is achieved which is less costly than previously known methods but which nevertheless will give a completely acceptable result by at least said side edge portions 22 being covered with said thermoplastic resin 21, by heat sealing the folded-down side edge portions 22 against the end gable circular blanks 3, 4 positioned between the respective end gable 11, 12 of the roll and its associated side edge portion 22, and by the end gable circular blank constituting the only end gable circular blank at the end in question of the final packed board or paper roll 1.
• the thermoplastic resin 21 on the folded-down side edge portion 22 faces the end gable circular blank 3, 4 and is easily adhered to the circular blank by heat sealing.
• the space requirements are considerably reduced, sometimes up to, and possibly exceeding 20 %, and by the number of machine units being decreased, the investment costs are considerably reduced, sometimes up to, and possibly exceeding, 20 %, as compared with a conventional plant.
• the projecting side edge portion 22 that is to be folded-down against the end gable 11, 12 is preferably provided with a series of lateral slits 23, suitably having a length of about 50-150 mm, which between themselves form a series of tongues 24, 24' that after the folding down will partly overlap each other (see Figs. IA and 3A) and in connection with the heat sealing will give a covering sealing of the sheath paper web 2 against the end gable circular blank 3, 4.
• the risk is completely eliminated that there will form loose flaps or "ears" in the folded-down paper, which could be damaged in connection with the roll handling and allow water to leak into the roll or cause migration of moist, and a strong joint is achieved, which could mean that the length 1 could be shortened as compared to a traditional method, sometimes to be less than 100 mm.
• the risk that the folding-down would cause an irregular end gable surface on the packed paper roll is also considerably reduced. An irregular end gable surface would make it harder to achieve a stable piling up of upstanding packed paper rolls and irregularities could lead to holes being torn up in the packing and could also cause dents in the end gables of the roll.
• An additionally improved impenetrability of the packaging can be achieved by a spacing 25 (suitably in the range 30-200 mm) between the slits 23 being adapted such that when the sheath paper web 2 has been wound more than one turn about the envelope surface of the roll 1, the slits 23 of the outer turn will not be positioned over the slits of the inner turn.
• a spacing 25 (suitably in the range 30-200 mm) between the slits 23 being adapted such that when the sheath paper web 2 has been wound more than one turn about the envelope surface of the roll 1, the slits 23 of the outer turn will not be positioned over the slits of the inner turn.
• no material is cut off from the sheath paper web 2 in connection with the cutting of the slits 23, but the tongues 24, 24' are of equal width from the base to the top.
• the shape of the slits 23 may in certain cases be varied among other things depending on the width of the projecting side edge portions 22, the diameter D in question of the roll
• slits 23 that are somewhat shorter than the length 1 of the folded-down portion of the paper web, slits preferably being used that have a length corresponding to 70-99 %, more preferred 80-90 % of 1, i.e. the portion of the paper web that is to be folded-down.
• the slits should preferably commence 1-3 mm from the outer edge of the paper web (see Fig. 2); with the purpose of facilitating in connection with replenishment by holding together.
• the slits should preferably be straight and at 90° angle against the paper web, however, they could be of varying angle and shape, among other things depending on use specific conditions such as the basis weight and type of packaging paper to be used, and the type of protection striven for (moisture barrier, protection against piling-up dents, reloading protection (several loadings/unloading), etc.
• automatisation of the machine plant can be provided with a reduced extent of robotic equipment.
• slits 23 are cut in each side edge portion 22 by a cutting device 5 A, 5B that is shown in greater detail in Figs. 4 and 5.
• a cutting device is shown there that comprises a rotary knife roll 52 that has a plurality of knifes 54 and that interacts with a rotary counter roll 51, which counter roll forms a nip with the knife roll 52 and has a corresponding number of grooves 53 into which the knife edge can enter when it has cut through the edge portion 22 of the sheath paper web 2.
• the rolls 51, 52 are rotary arranged at a bearing plate 50 that carries the bearing (not shown) for the drive shafts 51C, 52C of the rolls (see Fig. 5).
• Fig. 5 schematically shows that the rolls 51, 52 are driven by aid of an incoming drive shaft 57 that directly drives one drive shaft 52C and that via a belt device 56 (and a (not shown) reverser transmission) synchronously drives the drive shaft 51C for the other roll 51, such that these will rotate synchronously in opposite directions.
• the counter roll 51 has a planar surface 51 A that locally decreases the radius out to said surface 51 A, thereby creating a gap between the rolls 51 , 52 at an intermediate position, such that an infinitely variable slit spacing 25 can be achieved by varying relative speeds between the web 2 and the rolls 51, 52. Accordingly, the web can move faster or slower than the circumferential speed of the rolls 51, 52 when the surface 51 A is exposed against the web 2.
• knifes 54 and grooves 53 are made to be radially displaceable (e.g. according to the machine chuck principle) such that a variable radius and thereby slit spacing 25 can be achieved, if a non intermittent/pulsating drive of the slitting device 5 A, 5B is desired.
• the packing with the sheath paper web 2 can, as is shown in Fig. 6, be performed with an edge web 2', 2'" at each end gable 11, 12 of the roll and at least one intermediate sheath paper web 2" that at its edge portions overlaps (Fig. 6) or is overlapped (not shown) by the edge webs 2', 2'". In that way the number of widths in stock, of sheath paper webs 2, could be decreased.
• Fig. 9 shows a store of various widths of sheath paper webs in a packing plant.
• the overlap structure in respect of the number of webs and their positioning depends among other things on the width relation between the width of the paper or board roll and which web widths that are available for the packing (the centre paper 2" can lie inside as well as outside the side papers).
• the width of side edge portions 22 that are folded down should be constant. Variations may however exist in certain applications and for practical reasons.
• thermoplastic resin 21 preferably covers the entire side of the papery carrier 20, such that the sheath paper web 2, 2', 2", 2"' will consist of a laminate of the carrier 20 and the thermoplastic resin 21. Thereby, the sheath paper web will become waterproof and the packaging will provide a better protection.
• the end gable circular blank 3, 4 can consist solely of a paper fibre material, e.g. corrugated cardboard, but suitably it consists of a carrier 30 of paper fibre material such as kraft paper, kraft liner or board, that has one side that at least partly is covered by a thermoplastic resin 31 that becomes adhesive when heated.
• a thermoplastic resin 31 is used for the end gable circular blank 3, 4 as for the sheath paper web 2, and the thermoplastic resin 31 preferably covers the entire side of the carrier 30 of paper fibre material, such that the end gable circular blank 3, 4 will consist of a laminate of the carrier 30 and the thermoplastic resin 31.
• the end gable circular blank 3, 4 will be waterproof and the packaging will give improved protection.
• a heat reflecting layer can be applied between the carrier 30 and the thermoplastic resin 31, which means a possibility to achieve faster and more efficient melting/sealing, which feature is reserved for the option of an individual patent protection.
• end gable circular blank 3, 4 is applied against the end gable 11 and 12, respectively, of the roll, with the carrier 30 facing the end gable 11, 12 of the roll and the thermoplastic resin 31 facing away from the end gable 11, 12 of the roll.
• the end gable surface that faces out will provide more friction than if it was covered with paper and such a higher friction is an advantage in connection with the piling up of upstanding rolls.
• the end gable circular blank 3, 4 used in the packing will accordingly replace the inner and outer circular blanks used in conventional packing methods.
• the middle portion of the end gable circular blank 3, 4 does not have to be heated, which results in the advantage of energy saving and it is also not desirable that it adheres to the end gable 11 or 12, respectively.
• the end gable circular blanks are adjusted (cut to appropriate diameter d) for the roll diameter D in question, but standard sizes can also be used without the cutting to appropriate diameter.
• a number of known possible devices 90 exist for the heating in connection with the heat sealing.
• an IR radiator (see Fig. 10) is used, which can be electrically driven or driven by gas burning, but Fig. 8 also indicates that the blowing of hot air, such as by a hot air gun, may be suitable, as is heating by e.g. laser, ultrasound emitter, microwave sources or heated rolls, and of course various combinations of the described methods of heating.
• a number of known possible devices 91 exist for the folding down and pressing of the side edge portions 22 against the end gable circular blanks 3, 4, the folding equipment essentially consisting of a stand, driven arms that are vertically and horizontally movable and folding units mounted on the movable arms.
• the folding device 91 is always adapted to the requirements for a specific plant (e.g. in terms of manning, capacity, price).
• a folding down device 91 with screw blades is used (see Fig. 10), for which the shape of the blades is adapted for specific requirements of the plant.
• the blades are heated, suitably by integral heating coils and the movement in/out of the blades to and from the circular blanks on the end gables of the rolls can be arranged in different ways. In some cases the blades are in contact with the circular blank during the entire movement. In other cases, the blades move away from the surface when moving out, in order to avoid that paper is torn away.
• a subsequent (not shown) pressure device can be used for the folded-down side edge portion, in some cases with integral heat and heated air blow.
• a pressure device can also be designed to give an improved edge protection by covering also a portion of the envelope surface close to the transition between the shell and the end gable.
• Such a pressure device may e.g. comprise a (not shown) wheel with a circumferential groove that has a right-angled profile, where one side of the groove abuts against the shell side and the other against the end gable side of the roll that is to be packed.
• Figs. 7 and 8 schematically show two different principles for performing a method according to the invention and an associated, exemplifying, arrangement of machine equipment.
• a conveyor belt 8 is shown which is arranged to feed in non-packed paper rolls 1 and to feed out the final packed paper rolls.
• Fig. 7 shows a machine arrangement that makes use of a separate feeding path 8' that runs in parallel with the conveyor belt 8, in order to feed the paper roll 1 to the various steps of the packing.
• a first step A an incoming paper roll 1 is moved from the conveyor belt 8 to the second conveyor path 8' that runs in parallel with the conveyor belt 8. This movement can be achieved by aid of a variety of conventional equipments, known per se.
• the roll 1 is fed to a first packing station 9/B, in which the roll is initially around its middle portion provided with an intermediate sheath paper web 2'.
• the roll is moved to the next packing step 9/C by aid of the conveyor path 8'.
• the roll 1 is first provided with fitting end gable circular blanks 3, 4, 3', 4', adapted according to the description above.
• the slitting device 5 A preferably is arranged before the roll 1, as seen in the moving direction of the edge web 2'", and accordingly the heating devices 9OA, 9OA' are arranged in a subsequent step, which means that the web 2'" is cold, i.e. the thermoplastic resin 21 is hard, whereby there is no risk of smudging of the slitting device 5 A.
• the slit web 2'" is thereafter rolled up on the roll, such that the edge web 2'" overlaps the middle, already wound up, paper web 2".
• the example shows that two parallel heating devices 9OA, 9OA' are used to melt the thermoplastic resin 21 in the area of the flaps 24 as well as in the area of the portion that overlaps the middle portion 2".
• a folding device 91 is positioned at the lower periphery of the roll and hence it will, by its folding means (such as screw blades), successively fold up one flap 24 at the time, which is then pressed against the end gable circular blank 3 in order to fix the same, whereby a heat seal with moisture barrier is achieved.
• the paper roll is again moved back to the conveyor belt 8 and lead away for further transportation.
• Fig. 8 shows the use of basically the same principles as described for Fig. 7, but with the difference that no separate conveyor path is used but only the conveyor belt 8 is used in connection with the packing method.
• all packing steps according to step B, C above are performed in one and the same position, without stepwise moving of the paper roll 1.
• the intermediate sheath paper web 2' is however applied first and thereafter the end gable circular blanks 3, 4, 3', 4' and finally the edge webs 2', 2", before the final folding and heat sealing.
• a heating device 90 is used here in the form of a so called “Leister”, which is a known hot air device that is (vertically and horizontally) displaceable and which is thereby easy to control in order for optimal heat delivery. It is also indicated in Fig. 8 that the folding device 91 is more traditionally arranged at the top of the roll 1 (in order to provide more room for the supporting rollers (not shown)), the "Leister” suitably heating at the top, just prior to the folding device 91.
• Fig. 9 shows a clearer view of a type of roll holding magazine 7 with a plurality of roll holders T, 7", 7'", 7"" positioned symmetrically along a centre line c, said roll holders carrying paper rolls of different widths in order at one and the same winding station 9 to be able to apply an intermediate sheath paper web 2', the width of which is adapted/optimized in respect of the paper roll 1, such that one and the same packing line conveniently can be used to pack rolls 1 of different roll diameters (access to different types of end gable circular blanks 3, 4, 3', 4') and different roll lengths.
• the invention is not limited to that described above but may be varied within the scope of the appended claims. It is realised that in certain embodiments it is adequate for only one of either the edge portion 2', 2'" or the end gable circular blank 3, 4 to be provided with an adhesive, e.g. such that only the end gable circular blank is provided with a thermoplastic resin. In certain embodiments it is also conceivable to use an adhesive other than a thermoplastic resin, such as glue that is coated or sprayed on.
• slitting devices can be used even though an apparatus according to the principles described above since it is able to make the slits before the winding about the paper roll has taken place.
• slits are applied before the paper is heated up, which is advantageous among other things because the slitting device is not affected by residues of heated material (molten plastics).
• the slitting device can apply slits of infinitely variable distance 25, in order for the distance (preferably automatically) to be adapted to the diameter D of the roll, preferably such that the roll 1 is packed in such a way that the slits end up between each other in overlapping turns.
• Slits can also be applied in the packing paper in connection with the production thereof (in the roll machine), particularly if large series of rolls with the same dimensions are to be packed, it being realised that the slitting device 5 A, 5B flexibly can be positioned in different positions depending on the circumstances.
• the slitting device 5A, 5B is arranged to be laterally displaceable in order to be adjusted for varying positions of the web edge, e.g. when a complete web is used which means that an adaptation to different rolls widths is necessary.
• an extra long knife e.g. 300 mm, is used in order to be able to cut extra long flaps 24 when needed.
• the slitting device 5A, 5B and its design and function can be made the object of individual patent protection, as it may be used in other applications with similar needs. It is also realised that instead of a heating device 90 a hot melt or any other type of adhesive can be applied in the area of the overlapping portion of the edge paper. It is realised that the term slit should be interpreted broadly, to encompass other methods than a pure cutting-through of the paper, e.g. also perforation or other treatment that achieve a desired weakening in order to achieve flaps.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Packaging Of Special Articles (AREA)
• Packaging Of Machine Parts And Wound Products (AREA)

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Cited By (1)

Citations (12)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2006
  • 2006-12-07 SE SE0602633A patent/SE535693C2/sv unknown
• 2007
  • 2007-11-08 WO PCT/SE2007/050825 patent/WO2008069738A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2007-11-08 EP EP07835409.9A patent/EP2086840B1/en active Active

Patent Citations (12)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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