WO2008014720A1 - Procédé et dispositif de transmission à antennes multiples - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de transmission à antennes multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008014720A1
WO2008014720A1 PCT/CN2007/070369 CN2007070369W WO2008014720A1 WO 2008014720 A1 WO2008014720 A1 WO 2008014720A1 CN 2007070369 W CN2007070369 W CN 2007070369W WO 2008014720 A1 WO2008014720 A1 WO 2008014720A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
mode
data stream
antenna
coded symbols
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PCT/CN2007/070369
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Yiqing Cao
Weijun Sun
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2008014720A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008014720A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a multi-antenna transmission method and apparatus.
  • the Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code is a channel code whose performance is close to the Shannon limit. Due to the parallel decoder decoding, the LDPC code has low decoding complexity and high throughput, and is one of the main alternative technologies for next generation mobile communication.
  • the LDPC code is a linear block code whose check matrix has a degree distribution characteristic.
  • the number of "1"s in each row (column) is called the degree value of the row (column), and the sequence consisting of the degree values of each row (column) is called the degree distribution of the row (column).
  • the performance of LDPC codes mainly depends on the distribution of ranks, and the performance of irregular LDPC codes with different distributions of ranks is better than that of regular LDPC codes with identical distributions.
  • the bits corresponding to different degrees of value in the irregular LDPC code i.e., LDPC coded symbols
  • LDPC coded symbols are of different importance, and the higher the bit of the higher value contributes to the performance of the entire block, the more important it is.
  • MIMO Multiple Input and Multiple Output
  • Multi-antenna technology is divided into two modes: diversity and multiplexing.
  • the diversity mode is that multiple antennas transmit the same stream of data at the same time, which has the effect of spatial diversity.
  • the typical form of spatial diversity is Space Time Block Code (STBC).
  • STBC Space Time Block Code
  • the multiplexing mode is that multiple antennas transmit multiple different symbols in parallel, each symbol. It is sent only on one antenna, and there is no repetition in time.
  • the transmission rate is higher, but the reliability is relatively low.
  • These two multi-antenna technologies have their own characteristics and are suitable for different conditions. How to combine the two becomes a research hotspot.
  • the main scheme includes Hard switching, matrix modulation and other technologies between the two modes.
  • the matrix modulation technique generates a corresponding multi-antenna modulation pattern based on the channel information, corresponding to the transmitted symbols at respective moments of the respective transmitting antennas.
  • This technology can flexibly adjust the diversity/reuse ratio and the serial number of the corresponding antenna according to the channel information, and can utilize the channel information more flexibly, and improve the transmission rate as much as possible under the premise of ensuring transmission reliability.
  • Matrix modulation technology It is a research hotspot of multi-antenna technology.
  • a multi-antenna transmission method provided in the prior art is:
  • CSI Channel State Information
  • determining the transmission mode of each antenna is determining the modulation matrix of the antenna, including partial diversity, partial multiplexing, or full partial/all multiplexing.
  • the adaptive mode of the scheme is directed to the state of the antenna. For example, if the channel state of an antenna is good, the transmission mode of the antenna is set to be multiplexed. Mode; If there are several antenna channels in poor condition, the transmission mode of these antennas will be set to diversity mode. This scheme only considers the inherent factors of the transmitting equipment, and does not consider the factors of the transmitted data, so the reliability of the data transmission cannot be guaranteed.
  • the present invention provides a multi-antenna transmission method and apparatus for improving system performance, providing more protection for important information, and improving reliability of data transmission.
  • the multi-antenna transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: encoding data to be transmitted, generating low-density parity check coding symbols; classifying the coding symbols to form data streams of different transmission modes; The stream is mapped to the corresponding antenna transmission.
  • a multi-antenna transmitting apparatus includes: a data source, a data distribution unit, a matrix modulation unit, and an antenna; the data source is used to generate data, and the generated data is sent to a data distribution unit; The data distribution unit classifies the data encoded by the low density parity check using the unequal protection characteristic of the low density parity check code and transmits the classification result to the matrix modulation unit; the matrix modulation unit maps the classified data to the antenna The transmission is performed using the corresponding transmission method.
  • Another multi-antenna transmitting apparatus includes: a plurality of antennas for data transmission using different transmission modes, and a coding unit, configured to encode data that needs to be transmitted, to generate a low-density parity check code symbol;
  • a data distribution unit configured to classify the encoded symbols to form a data stream of different transmission modes
  • a matrix modulation unit is configured to map the data stream to a corresponding antenna transmission.
  • the present invention first classifies data according to the unequal protection characteristics of the LDPC code, and then selects a corresponding transmission mode according to the importance of the data, and the data of high importance ⁇ The diversity transmission mode is adopted to ensure reliable transmission, and the multiplexed transmission mode is adopted for the less important data to improve the system transmission performance and improve the reliability of data transmission.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a prior art multi-antenna transmission method
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a multi-antenna transmitting method according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a multi-antenna transmitting method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a third embodiment of a multi-antenna transmitting method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a check matrix of a multi-antenna transmission method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a fourth embodiment of a multi-antenna transmitting method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a multi-antenna transmitting apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a multi-antenna transmitting apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the multi-antenna transmission method and apparatus provided by the present invention are used to improve system performance and ensure reliability of important data transmission.
  • the present invention proposes a multi-antenna transmission method, which can combine the unequal protection characteristics of the LDPC code and the multi-antenna matrix modulation technique when using the irregular LDPC code.
  • the unequal protection feature of the LDPC code means that the stronger the protection of the LDPC coded symbol with greater degree, the greater the probability of correctness; on the contrary, the weaker the LDPC coded symbol with less degree is protected, the correct
  • the possibility is also smaller, specifically, the LDPC coded LDPC coded symbols are classified according to the degree value.
  • the method uses different transmission modes according to the importance of the LDPC coded symbols, and transmits important LDPC coded symbols that contribute greatly to the decoding process in a more reliable diversity mode, thereby improving the reliability of the entire transmission; Mapping LDPC coded symbols of relatively low importance to a higher rate of transmission High multiplexing mode transmission, which effectively improves system performance and provides more protection for important information.
  • the method of the present invention is described in detail below:
  • the encoded data mentioned in the following embodiments refers to data formed by LDPC coded symbols, which are composed of a plurality of bits.
  • a first embodiment of a multi-antenna transmission method of the present invention includes:
  • the LDPC encoding is performed on the data to be transmitted, and the encoded data can be classified by the unequal protection characteristics of the low density parity check code.
  • step 202 analyzing the degree value of the encoded data, performing step 203 on the data of high importance, and performing step 204 on the data of low importance;
  • a second embodiment of the multi-antenna transmission method of the present invention includes:
  • the data is classified, and the classified data is mapped into each data stream, that is, a data stream of different transmission modes is formed.
  • This embodiment adds a data mapping process based on the previous embodiment.
  • This embodiment is directed to an open loop mode, that is, a multi-antenna modulation matrix is predetermined and does not change during the entire transmission process.
  • Matrix modulation is divided into open-loop and closed-loop modes according to the presence or absence of channel feedback: open-loop matrix modulation has no channel feedback, and the matrix used for modulation is always constant throughout the transmission; the closed-loop matrix modulation scheme is based on channel feedback.
  • the CSI design modulation matrix is divided into open-loop and closed-loop modes according to the presence or absence of channel feedback: open-loop matrix modulation has no channel feedback, and the matrix used for modulation is always constant throughout the transmission; the closed-loop matrix modulation scheme is based on channel feedback.
  • the CSI design modulation matrix is used to modulation.
  • the closed-loop mode needs to determine the modulation matrix by CSI, that is, the process of determining the modulation matrix needs to be added on the basis of the second embodiment of the method of the present invention, that is, multi-antenna transmission in the closed-loop mode can be realized. Specifically, the following steps may be added before step 302:
  • the matrix modulation mode of each antenna is determined based on the channel information, that is, each antenna R transmission mode.
  • the coded symbols are mapped to the data streams corresponding to different antenna transmission modes in step 302, they can be mapped according to the determined matrix modulation mode, thereby implementing multi-antenna transmission in the closed loop mode.
  • a third embodiment of the multi-antenna transmission of the present invention includes:
  • the bits are arranged in descending order of degree.
  • mapping data into the data stream that is, forming a data stream of different transmission modes
  • the bit with a high degree is mapped to the first data stream (the data stream corresponding to the diversity mode), until the data carried by the first data stream reaches a threshold, and the remaining bits are mapped to the second data stream. Use the data stream corresponding to the pattern).
  • the data stream is transmitted in a diversity mode
  • the data stream is transmitted in a multiplexing mode.
  • this embodiment uses an LDPC code with an encoding rate of 1/2 in 802.16e as shown in FIG. 5, where -1 represents 0 elements, and the rest are not " -1 "Elements represent different phases of the unit matrix.
  • -1 represents 0 elements
  • the rest are not " -1 "Elements represent different phases of the unit matrix.
  • the bit corresponding to the node with high degree has higher reliability and is more important for the decoder.
  • the LDPC coded symbols are divided into two data streams according to the magnitude of the degree value (i.e., the relative importance).
  • the code character number is mapped to the two sets of data streams according to the degree value.
  • the two sets of data streams are respectively sent to the three antennas, the first set of data streams are transmitted through the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 in the diversity mode, and the second set of data streams are serially transmitted through the antenna 3 in the multiplexing mode.
  • the data streams transmitted by the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 are transmitted in the STBC mode of the diversity, and the transmission rate is low, but the reliability is high; and the data stream 2 sent by the antenna 3 has a high transmission rate. But the reliability is low.
  • a bit with a value of 6 and a bit with a value of 3 are mapped to the first set of data streams, and a bit with a value of 2 is mapped to the second set of data streams, so that bits with different importance can be mapped.
  • the degree value of each bit is calculated and the number of bits is counted, and the bits are sorted in descending order of degree.
  • the center bit It can be mapped to either the first data stream or the second data stream.
  • bits can also be sorted in descending order of degree, and then different data streams can be formed in a similar manner as described above.
  • the effect of the data mapping can also be achieved.
  • the advantage of the replacement is that the load of the two sets of data streams can be basically the same, which is more advantageous for making full use of resources.
  • different data mapping modes may be selected for transmission according to actual conditions.
  • a fourth embodiment of the multi-antenna transmission method of the present invention includes:
  • the LDPC coded symbol may be generated by performing LDPC encoding on the data to be sent.
  • the bits are arranged in descending order of degree. Of course, it can also be arranged in descending order of degree.
  • Map data ie, encoded symbols
  • step 605 is performed on the data stream with high importance, and step 607 is performed on the data stream with low importance;
  • mapping each data stream to a corresponding antenna for example, in the above embodiment, mapping the first set of data streams onto antenna 1 and antenna 2, transmitting in STBC mode with diversity; and mapping the second set of data streams to antenna 3
  • the upload is sent in the multiplex mode.
  • the antenna transmits the corresponding data stream in a corresponding manner.
  • the data is classified according to the unequal protection characteristics of the LDPC code, and then the corresponding transmission mode is selected according to the importance of the data, and the data transmission mode is adopted for the data of high importance to ensure the diversity transmission mode.
  • Reliable transmission, multiplexed transmission mode for less important data to improve system transmission performance and improve data transmission reliability.
  • the classification of the data in the embodiment of the present invention can be performed in various ways, and can be selected according to actual conditions, thereby improving the flexibility of application.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used for both the open loop mode fixed by the modulation matrix and the closed loop mode in which the modulation matrix is not fixed and needs to be determined by channel information, so that the method has strong versatility.
  • the first embodiment of the multi-antenna transmitting apparatus of the present invention includes:
  • the data source 701 is configured to generate data, and send the generated data to the data distribution unit 703; the data distribution unit 703 uses the unequal protection characteristic of the low density parity check code to encode the data encoded by the low density parity check
  • the classification is performed and the classification result is sent to the matrix modulation unit 704; the matrix modulation unit 704 maps the classified data to the antenna 705 for transmission using the corresponding transmission method.
  • a second embodiment of the multi-antenna transmitting apparatus of the present invention adds a low-density parity check coding unit 702 and a modulation mode control unit 706 to the first embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention; a low-density parity check coding unit 702 receives the data sent by the data source 701 and encodes the data, After the encoding is completed, the formed code symbol is sent to the data distribution unit 703;
  • the modulation mode control unit 706 is configured to acquire channel information, and determine a matrix modulation mode according to the acquired channel information, and notify the matrix modulation unit 704 and the data distribution unit 703 of the modulation mode, respectively, so that the data distribution unit 703 can be modulated according to the matrix.
  • the mode assigns the LDPC encoded code character number to each data stream, and the matrix modulation unit 704 can map each data stream to the antenna 705.
  • Another multi-antenna transmitting apparatus includes a plurality of antennas for data transmission using different transmission modes, and a coding unit, a data distribution unit, and a matrix modulation unit.
  • the coding unit is configured to encode data that needs to be transmitted to generate a low-density parity check code symbol;
  • the data allocation unit is configured to classify the coded symbols to form a data stream of different transmission modes;
  • a matrix modulation unit is used to map the data stream to a corresponding antenna transmission.
  • the multi-antenna transmitting apparatus of this embodiment may further include: a modulation mode control unit configured to receive channel information, determine a matrix modulation mode of each antenna according to the channel information, and notify the matrix modulation mode of the data allocation respectively a unit and the matrix modulation unit.
  • a modulation mode control unit configured to receive channel information, determine a matrix modulation mode of each antenna according to the channel information, and notify the matrix modulation mode of the data allocation respectively a unit and the matrix modulation unit.
  • multi-antenna transmission in the open loop mode can be realized, which provides more protection for important information, improves the reliability of data transmission, and improves system performance.
  • the apparatus of the foregoing embodiment may further include a modulation mode control unit, configured to receive channel information, determine a matrix modulation mode of each antenna according to the channel information, and notify the data to the matrix modulation mode respectively.
  • a modulation mode control unit configured to receive channel information, determine a matrix modulation mode of each antenna according to the channel information, and notify the data to the matrix modulation mode respectively.
  • An allocation unit and the matrix modulation unit configured to distribute data according to the matrix modulation mode, so that the matrix modulation unit performs signal transmission according to the matrix modulation mode, thereby realizing the throughput of maximizing information under current channel conditions.
  • multi-antenna transmission in the closed loop mode can be realized, which provides more protection for important information, improves the reliability of data transmission, and improves system performance.

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Description

一种多天线发射方法及装置
本申请要求于 2006 年 7 月 28 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200610103937.7、 发明名称为"一种多天线发射方法及装置 "的中国专利申请的 优先权,以及于 2006年 12月 13日提交中国专利局、申请号为 200610162263.8、 发明名称为"一种多天线发射方法及装置"的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内 容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域, 尤其涉及一种多天线发射方法及装置。
背景技术
低密度奇偶校验 ( LDPC, Low Density Parity Check )码是一种性能接近 香农限的信道编码。 由于釆用并行译码器解码, LDPC码具有低译码复杂度、 高吞吐量的特性, 成为下一代移动通信的主要备选技术之一。
在下一代移动通信***中,基于 LDPC码的各种通信方案成为热点。 LDPC 码是一种线性分组码, 其校验矩阵具有度分布特性。 各行(列) 中" 1"的个数 称为该行(列)的度值, 由各行(列)的度值组成的序列称为行(列)的度分 布。
LDPC 码的性能主要依赖于列度分布, 且列度分布不完全相同的非规则 LDPC码性能优于列度分布完全相同的规则 LDPC码的性能。非规则 LDPC码 中不同的度值对应的比特 (即 LDPC编码符号 )重要性不同, 度值越高的比特 对整个数据块的性能贡献越大, 也就越重要。
多输入输出( MIMO, Multiple Input and Multiple Output )是当前多天线技 术中常釆用的一种方式, 多天线技术分为分集和复用两种模式。 分集模式是同 时多个天线传输同一串数据流,起到了空间分集的效果, 在接收端合并时可以 获得较大的分集增益, 是一种可靠度较高的多天线传输模式, 但是传信率(一 个通道的单位时间内传递的信息量) 较低, 空间分集典型形式为空时块码 ( STBC, Space Time Block Code ); 复用模式是多个天线并行发送多个不同的 符号, 各个符号只在某个天线上发送, 并且时间上没有重复, 这种方式传信率 较高, 但是可靠度相对较低。 这两种多天线技术各有特点, 适合应用于不同的 条件,如何将两者相结合成为研究的热点, 目前主要方案包括根据信道信息在 两种模式间硬切换、 矩阵调制等技术。
矩阵调制技术是根据信道信息生成对应的多天线调制图案 ,对应于各发射 天线各个时刻的发射符号。这种技术可以根据信道信息灵活地调整传输中的分 集 /复用比例及对应天线的序号, 可以更加灵活地利用信道信息, 在保证传输 可靠性的前提下尽可能提高传信率, 矩阵调制技术是多天线技术的研究热点。
请参阅图 1 , 现有技术中提供的一种多天线发射方法为:
101、 获取信道信息 (CSI, Channel State Information );
102、 根据 CSI确定各天线的传输模式;
其中, 确定各天线的传输模式即是确定天线的调制矩阵, 包括部分分集、 部分复用, 或者全部分集 /全部复用。
103、 将符号映射到各天线并发射。
上述方案虽然釆用了多种模式共同传输数据的方法,但是由于该方案的自 适应方式针对的是天线的状况, 例如, 若某天线信道状态良好, 则天线的传输 模式会被设置为复用模式; 若有若干天线信道状况不好, 则会将这些天线的传 输模式设置为分集模式。 该方案只考虑了发射设备的固有因素, 而没有考虑传 输的数据的因素, 所以不能保证数据传输的可靠性。
发明内容
本发明提供一种多天线发射方法及装置, 用于提高***性能, 并对重要信 息提供更多的保护, 提高数据传输的可靠性。
本发明实施例提供的多天线发射方法,包括:对需要发射的数据进行编码, 生成低密度奇偶校验编码符号; 对所述编码符号进行分类, 形成不同传输模式 的数据流; 将所述数据流映射到对应的天线发射。
本发明实施例提供的一种多天线发射装置, 包括:数据源,数据分配单元, 矩阵调制单元以及天线; 所述数据源用于产生数据, 并将产生的数据发送至数 据分配单元;所述数据分配单元利用低密度奇偶校验码的不等保护特性对经过 低密度奇偶校验编码的数据进行分类并将分类结果发送至矩阵调制单元;所述 矩阵调制单元将分类后的数据映射到天线利用对应的发射方式进行传输。
本发明实施例提供的另一种多天线发射装置, 包括: 多个釆用不同传输模 式进行数据传输的天线, 以及 编码单元, 用于对需要发射的数据进行编码, 生成低密度奇偶校验编码符 号;
数据分配单元, 用于对所述编码符号进行分类, 形成不同传输模式的数据 流;
矩阵调制单元, 用于将所述数据流映射到对应的天线发射。
从以上本发明实施例技术方案可以看出,由于本发明先按照 LDPC码的不 等保护特性对数据进行分类,然后再按照数据重要程度的不同选择相应的发射 模式,对重要性高的数据釆取分集发射模式保证其可靠传输,对重要性不高的 数据釆取复用发射模式以提高***传输性能, 提高了数据传输的可靠性。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术多天线发射方法流程图;
图 2为本发明多天线发射方法第一实施例流程图;
图 3为本发明多天线发射方法第二实施例流程图;
图 4为本发明多天线发射方法第三实施例流程图;
图 5为本发明多天线发射方法校验矩阵示意图;
图 6为本发明多天线发射方法第四实施例流程图;
图 7为本发明多天线发射装置第一实施例示意图;
图 8为本发明多天线发射装置第二实施例示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供的多天线发射方法及装置用于提高***性能,并保证重要数据 传输的可靠性。
本发明提出一种多天线发射方法, 在釆用非规则 LDPC码时, 可以结合 LDPC码的不等保护特性和多天线矩阵调制技术。所谓 LDPC码的不等保护特 性是指度值越大的 LDPC编码符号受到的保护越强, 正确的可能性也就越大; 反之, 度值越小的 LDPC编码符号受到的保护越弱, 正确的可能性也越小, 具 体是将经过 LDPC编码的 LDPC编码符号按照度值进行分类。
该方法根据 LDPC编码符号的重要性不同而釆用不同的传输模式,把重要 的、对译码过程贡献较大的 LDPC编码符号用更为可靠的分集模式传输, 改善 整个传输的可靠程度;而把重要性相对较低的 LDPC编码符号映射到传信率更 高的复用模式传输,从而有效地提高***性能,并对重要信息提供更多的保护。 下面对本发明方法进行详细描述:
在以下各实施例中提到的编码后的数据是指由 LDPC 编码符号形成的数 据, 该编码符号由多个比特组成。
请参阅图 2, 本发明多天线发射方法第一实施例包括:
201、 对需要发送的编码后的数据分类;
对需要发射的数据进行 LDPC编码,可以利用低密度奇偶校验码的不等保 护特性对经过编码的数据进行分类。
202、 分析编码后的数据的度值, 对重要性高的数据执行步骤 203 , 对重 要性低的数据执行步骤 204;
203、 对数据釆用分集传输;
204、 对数据釆用复用传输。
请参阅图 3 , 本发明多天线发射方法第二实施例包括:
301、 对需要发送的数据进行编码, 生成低密度奇偶校验编码符号; 302、 将数据映射到数据流中;
其中, 对数据进行分类, 并将分类完成的数据映射到各个数据流中, 即形 成不同传输模式的数据流。
303、 分析度值, 对重要性高的数据流执行步骤 304, 对重要性低的数据 流执行步骤 305;
304、 对数据流釆用分集传输;
305、 对数据流釆用复用传输。
本实施例在上一实施例的基础上增加了数据映射的过程,本实施例针对的 是开环模式,即多天线调制矩阵是预先确定的 ,且在整个传输过程中都不改变。
矩阵调制根据有无信道反馈分为开环和闭环两种模式:开环矩阵调制没有 信道反馈, 在整个传输过程中, 用于调制的矩阵始终不变; 而闭环矩阵调制方 案则是根据信道反馈的 CSI设计调制矩阵。
所以闭环模式需要通过 CSI来确定调制矩阵,即在本发明方法第二实施例 的基础上需要增加一个确定调制矩阵的过程,即可实现在闭环模式下的多天线 发射。 具体可以在步骤 302之前增加以下步骤:
根据信道信息确定各天线的矩阵调制模式, 即各天线 R传输模式。 这样, 在步骤 302中将编码符号映射到对应不同天线传输模式的数据流时,就可以根 据该确定的矩阵调制模式来映射, 从而实现在闭环模式下的多天线发射。
请参阅图 4, 本发明多天线发射第三实施例包括:
401、 对需要发送的数据进行编码, 生成 LDPC编码符号。
402、 计算所述编码符号的每个比特的度值。
403、 排序选择比特;
其中, 将比特按照度值从高到低的顺序排列。
404、 将数据映射到数据流中, 即形成不同传输模式的数据流;
其中, 按照排序的顺序, 将度值高的比特映射到第一数据流(分集模式对 应的数据流), 直至第一数据流承载的数据达到门限, 将剩余比特映射到第二 数据流(复用模式对应的数据流)。
405、 分析度值, 对重要性高的数据流执行步骤 406 , 对重要性低的数据 流执行步骤 407;
406、 对数据流釆用分集模式传输;
407、 对数据流釆用复用模式传输。
下面举例进一步详细说明本实施例的发射过程。假设有三个天线以及两组 数据流,请参阅图 5 , 本实施例釆用了如图 5所示的 802.16e中编码速率为 1/2 的 LDPC码, 其中 -1代表 0元素, 其余非 "-1 "元素代表单位矩阵不同的相位。 根据统计可以得知: 各列中度值为 3的节点有 8个, 度值为 6的节点有 5个, 度值为 2的节点有 11个。 度值高的节点对应的比特具有较高的可靠度, 对于 译码器贡献较大, 相对较为重要。
本实施例中, 根据度值的大小(即相对重要程度)将 LDPC编码符号分为 两个数据流。 根据多天线的结构, 将码字符号按照度值映射到两组数据流上。 两组数据流分别进入三天线发送,第一组数据流通过天线 1和天线 2釆用分集 模式发送, 而第二组数据流通过天线 3釆用复用模式串行发出。
根据矩阵调制理论,在天线 1和天线 2发送的数据流釆用分集的 STBC模 式发送, 传信率较低, 但可靠度较高; 而天线 3发出的数据流 2传信率较高, 但可靠度较低。
本实施例将度值为 6的比特和度值为 3的比特映射到第一组数据流,把度 值为 2的比特映射到第二组数据流传输,这样即可针对重要性不同的比特釆用 不同的多天线发送方案。
上面提出的是数据映射方式中的一种,同样还可以釆用其他方式进行数据 映射, 例如:
计算每个比特的度值并统计比特的个数,然后按照度值从高到低的顺序对 比特进行排序。
若比特个数为偶数, 则将排序中度值高的前一半比特映射到第一数据流, 将剩余的后一半比特映射到第二数据流;
若比特个数为奇数, 则以正中的比特为基准,将比其度值大的比特映射到 第一数据流,将比其度值小的比特映射到第二数据流, 所述正中的比特既可映 射到第一数据流也可以映射到第二数据流。
当然,也可以按照度值从低到高的顺序对比特进行排序, 然后按照与上述 类似的方法形成不同的数据流。
用以上步骤替换方法第三实施例中的步骤 404 , 同样可以达到数据映射的 效果, 这样替换的优点在于可以使两组数据流的负载基本一致, 更有利于充分 利用资源。
在本发明实施例的多天线发射的过程中,可以根据实际情况选择不同的数 据映射方式进行发射。
请参阅图 6, 本发明多天线发射方法第四实施例包括:
601、 对数据进行编码;
其中, 可以对需要发送的数据进行 LDPC编码, 生成 LDPC编码符号。
602、 计算所述编码符号的比特的度值。
603、 排序选择比特;
其中, 将比特按照度值从高到低的顺序排列。 当然, 也可以按照度值从低 到高的顺序排列。
604、 将数据(即编码符号) 映射到数据流中;
其中, 映射的方式可以才艮据实际情况釆取任一种。 605、 分析度值, 对重要性高的数据流执行步骤 606 , 对重要性低的数据 流执行步骤 607;
606、 选择进行分集传输;
607、 选择进行复用传输;
608、 映射到对应天线;
将各个数据流映射到对应的天线, 例如在上述实施例中,将第一组数据流 映射到天线 1和天线 2上釆用分集的 STBC模式发送;而将第二组数据流映射 到天线 3上釆用复用模式发送。
609、 发射;
其中, 天线将对应的数据流以相应的方式发射。
在本发明实施例的方法中,先按照 LDPC码的不等保护特性对数据进行分 类, 然后再按照数据重要程度的不同选择相应的发射方式,对重要性高的数据 釆取分集发射模式保证其可靠传输,对重要性不高的数据釆取复用发射模式以 提高***传输性能, 提高了数据传输的可靠性。 进一步地, 本发明实施例对数 据的分类可以釆用多种方式, 可以根据实际情况进行选择, 因此提高了其应用 的灵活性。利用本发明实施例提供的方法,既可针对调制矩阵固定的开环模式, 也可以针对调制矩阵不固定、需要通过信道信息来确定的闭环模式, 因此有较 强的通用性。
下面对本发明多天线发射装置实施例进行描述。
请参阅图 7 , 本发明多天线发射装置第一实施例包括:
数据源 701 , 数据分配单元 703 , 矩阵调制单元 704以及天线 705;
所述数据源 701用于产生数据,并将产生的数据发送至数据分配单元 703; 所述数据分配单元 703 利用低密度奇偶校验码的不等保护特性对经过低 密度奇偶校验编码的数据进行分类并将分类结果发送至矩阵调制单元 704; 所述矩阵调制单元 704将分类后的数据映射到天线 705利用对应的发射方 式进行传输。
请参阅图 8, 本发明多天线发射装置第二实施例在本发明装置第一实施例 的基础上增加了低密度奇偶校验编码单元 702以及调制模式控制单元 706; 低密度奇偶校验编码单元 702接收数据源 701发送的数据并对数据编码, 编码完成后将形成的编码符号发送至数据分配单元 703;
调制模式控制单元 706用于获取信道信息,并根据获取的信道信息确定矩 阵调制的模式,并将这种调制模式分别通知矩阵调制单元 704以及数据分配单 元 703 ,使数据分配单元 703能按照矩阵调制模式将经过 LDPC编码后的码字 符号分配到各个数据流,矩阵调制单元 704可以将各个数据流映射到天线 705。
本发明实施例提供的另一种多天线发射装置,包括多个釆用不同传输模式 进行数据传输的天线、 以及编码单元、 数据分配单元和矩阵调制单元。 其中, 所述编码单元用于对需要发射的数据进行编码, 生成低密度奇偶校验编码符 号; 所述数据分配单元用于对所述编码符号进行分类, 形成不同传输模式的数 据流; 所述矩阵调制单元用于将所述数据流映射到对应的天线发射。
该实施例的多天线发射装置还可以包括: 调制模式控制单元, 用于接收信 道信息, 并根据所述信道信息确定各天线的矩阵调制模式, 并将所述矩阵调制 模式分别通知所述数据分配单元和所述矩阵调制单元。
利用该实施例的装置, 可以实现开环模式下的多天线发射,对重要信息提 供更多的保护, 提高数据传输的可靠性, 进而提高***性能。
除此之外, 上述实施例的装置还可以包括调制模式控制单元, 用于接收信 道信息, 并根据所述信道信息确定各天线的矩阵调制模式, 并将所述矩阵调制 模式分别通知所述数据分配单元和所述矩阵调制单元。这样, 可以使数据分配 单元按照所述矩阵调制模式分配数据,使矩阵调制单元按照所述矩阵调制模式 进行信号发射, 从而实现当前信道条件下最大化信息的吞吐量。
利用该实施例的装置, 可以实现闭环模式下的多天线发射,对重要信息提 供更多的保护, 提高数据传输的可靠性, 进而提高***性能。
以上对本发明所提供的一种多天线发射方法及装置进行了详细介绍,本文 只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想; 同时,对于本领域的一般技术 人员, 依据本发明的思想, 在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处, 综 上所述, 本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种多天线发射方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
对需要发射的数据进行编码, 生成低密度奇偶校验编码符号;
对所述编码符号进行分类, 形成不同传输模式的数据流;
将所述数据流映射到对应的天线发射。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的多天线发射方法, 其特征在于, 所述对所述编 码符号进行分类, 形成不同传输模式的数据流的步骤包括:
利用低密度奇偶校验码的不等保护特性对所述编码符号进行分类; 将分类后的编码符号按照其度值形成不同传输模式的数据流。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的多天线发射方法, 其特征在于, 所述将分类后 的编码符号按照其度值形成不同传输模式的数据流的步骤包括:
将度值高的编码符号形成分集传输模式的数据流,将度值低的编码符号形 成复用传输模式的数据流。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的多天线发射方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包 括: 根据信道信息确定各天线的调制模式。
5、 根据权利要求 3或 4所述的多天线发射方法, 其特征在于, 所述将度 值高的编码符号形成分集传输模式的数据流,将度值低的编码符号形成复用传 输模式的数据流的过程包括:
计算所述编码符号的度值;
按照度值从高到低的顺序将对应的编码符号映射为分集模式的数据流,直 至该数据流承载的数据达到门限; 将其余编码符号映射为复用模式的数据流。
6、 根据权利要求 3或 4所述的多天线发射方法, 其特征在于, 所述将度 值高的编码符号形成分集传输模式的数据流,将度值低的编码符号形成复用传 输模式的数据流的过程包括:
计算所述编码符号的度值;
按照度值从低到高的顺序将对应的编码符号映射为复用模式的数据流,直 至该数据流承载的数据达到门限; 将其余编码符号映射为分集模式的数据流。
7、 根据权利要求 3或 4所述的多天线发射方法, 其特征在于, 所述将度 值高的编码符号形成分集传输模式的数据流,将度值低的编码符号形成复用传 输模式的数据流的过程包括:
计算所述编码符号的度值并统计所述编码符号的个数;
按照度值从高到低的顺序对所述编码符号进行排序;
若编码符号个数为偶数,则将排序中度值高的前一半编码符号映射为分集 模式的数据流, 将剩余的后一半编码符号映射为复用模式的数据流;
若所述编码符号个数为奇数, 则以正中的编码符号为基准, 将比其度值大 的编码符号映射为分集模式的数据流 ,将比其度值 d、的编码符号映射为复用模 式的数据流,将所述正中的编码符号映射为分集模式的数据流或者映射为复用 模式的数据流。
8、 根据权利要求 3或 4所述的多天线发射方法, 其特征在于, 所述将度 值高的编码符号形成分集传输模式的数据流,将度值低的编码符号形成复用传 输模式的数据流的过程包括:
计算所述编码符号的度值并统计所述编码符号的个数;
按照度值从低到高的顺序对所述编码符号进行排序;
若编码符号个数为偶数,则将排序中度值低的前一半编码符号映射为复用 模式的数据流, 将剩余的后一半编码符号映射为分集模式的数据流;
若所述编码符号个数为奇数, 则以正中的编码符号为基准, 将比其度值小 的编码符号映射为复用模式的数据流 ,将比其度值大的编码符号映射为分集模 式的数据流,将所述正中的编码符号映射为分集模式的数据流或者映射为复用 模式的数据流。
9、 一种多天线发射装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
数据源, 数据分配单元, 矩阵调制单元以及天线;
所述数据源用于产生数据, 并将产生的数据发送至数据分配单元; 所述数据分配单元用于根据低密度奇偶校验码的不等保护特性对经过低 密度奇偶校验编码的数据进行分类, 并将分类结果发送至矩阵调制单元; 所述矩阵调制单元用于将所述数据分配单元分类后的数据映射到天线,利 用对应的发射方式进行传输。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的多天线发射装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置还包 括: 调制模式控制单元以及低密度奇偶校验编码单元;
所述调制模式控制单元用于接收信道信息,根据所述信道信息确定矩阵调 制模式, 并将确定的矩阵调制模式分配通知矩阵调制单元和数据分配单元; 所述低密度奇偶校验编码单元接收数据源的数据,对数据编码完成后将形 成的编码符号发送至数据分配单元。
11、 一种多天线发射装置, 包括多个釆用不同传输模式进行数据传输的天 线, 其特征在于, 还包括:
编码单元, 用于对需要发射的数据进行编码, 生成低密度奇偶校验编码符 号;
数据分配单元, 用于对所述编码符号进行分类, 形成不同传输模式的数据 流;
矩阵调制单元, 用于将所述数据流映射到对应的天线发射。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的多天线发射装置, 其特征在于, 还包括: 调制模式控制单元, 用于接收信道信息, 并根据所述信道信息确定各天线 的矩阵调制模式,并将所述矩阵调制模式分别通知所述数据分配单元和所述矩 阵调制单元。
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