WO2007121607A1 - Dispositif portable à fonction carte intelligente sans contact - Google Patents

Dispositif portable à fonction carte intelligente sans contact Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007121607A1
WO2007121607A1 PCT/CN2006/000746 CN2006000746W WO2007121607A1 WO 2007121607 A1 WO2007121607 A1 WO 2007121607A1 CN 2006000746 W CN2006000746 W CN 2006000746W WO 2007121607 A1 WO2007121607 A1 WO 2007121607A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radio frequency
portable device
memory
processing unit
unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2006/000746
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jie Sun
Wei Xiong
Taojin Le
Original Assignee
Utstarcom Telecom Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Utstarcom Telecom Co., Ltd. filed Critical Utstarcom Telecom Co., Ltd.
Priority to CNA2006800549794A priority Critical patent/CN101467360A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2006/000746 priority patent/WO2007121607A1/zh
Publication of WO2007121607A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007121607A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/77—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for interrogation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to contactless smart card technology and consumer electronic devices, and more particularly to a portable device having a contactless smart card function. Background technique
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a portable device having a contactless smart card function that automatically completes the card swiping process without manual intervention.
  • a portable device having a contactless smart card function comprising: a detecting unit adapted to generate a detection signal in response to a signal transmitted by the reader/writer; a processing unit coupled to the detecting unit;
  • a radio frequency circuit adapted to communicate with the reader/writer and to be connected to the processing unit, wherein the processing unit sends an activation signal to the radio frequency circuit to activate the radio frequency circuit and the The communication process of the reader.
  • the radio frequency circuit and the portable device are provided in the above portable device.
  • the detecting unit includes a resonant circuit using an inductor coil and a capacitor as a detecting element, and a rectifying amplifying circuit using the resonant circuit output signal as an input signal.
  • the detecting unit is connected to a power source of the portable device.
  • the processing unit is one of a digital signal processor, a microprocessor, a central processing unit, an application specific integrated circuit, and a field programmable gate array.
  • the radio frequency circuit comprises: an antenna
  • radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit coupled to the antenna and the processing unit; and a memory coupled to the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit,
  • the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit After receiving the activation signal from the processing unit, the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit processes the information in the memory and transmits the information to the antenna for transmission, or the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit The signals received by the antenna are processed and transmitted to the memory and/or the processing unit.
  • the radio frequency circuit comprises:
  • a memory coupled to the microcontroller
  • a radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit coupled to the microcontroller and the antenna, the microcontroller transmitting information in the memory to the radio frequency modulation after receiving the activation signal from the processing unit a demodulation unit, which is processed and transmitted to the antenna for transmission, or the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit processes the signal received by the antenna and transmits it to the microcontroller for processing and/or transmission thereof To the processing unit and/or the memory.
  • the portable device is a mobile phone, and the radio frequency circuit package is followed
  • the memory stores information related to mobile phone communication and smart card usage, and the microcontroller, the memory, and the The radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit is powered by the mobile phone battery.
  • the portable device is a mobile phone
  • the microcontroller is connected to the processing unit
  • the memory stores information related to use of the smart card
  • the microcontroller, the memory, and the radio frequency modulation and demodulation The unit is powered by the phone battery.
  • the portable device is a mobile phone
  • the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit is connected to the processing unit
  • related information used by the smart card is stored in another memory independent of the memory and connected to the processing unit.
  • the portable device is a mobile phone
  • the mobile phone keyboard is connected to the memory via the processing unit and the microcontroller, so that a user can input information to the memory and/or modify the memory through the mobile phone keyboard.
  • Information stored inside is a mobile phone
  • the portable device is one of an MP3/MP4 player, a personal digital assistant, and a handheld computer.
  • the detection unit since the detection unit is built in, the automatic detection of the oscillation signal of the reader/writer can be performed, and then the RF circuit is started to communicate with the reader/writer, thereby realizing automatic and rapid card swiping, free from such as passing Manual intervention process such as inputting commands in the phone menu.
  • the radio frequency circuit can be powered via the portable device, the function of the energy coupling element carried by the coil in the detecting unit is no longer required, which facilitates downsizing of the detecting unit and miniaturization of the detecting unit.
  • the radio frequency circuit is connected to the processing unit of the portable device, so that the powerful computing and processing resources of the unit can be fully utilized to identify various types of readers, and different read/write card requirements are processed, realizing the true sense. "One card”.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is embodied in the integration of the RF circuit module with the mobile phone S IM/PIM card, since smart card information (such as account number, amount, password, etc.) and mobile phone communication information (such as identity information such as IMSI) are stored in the SIM/
  • smart card information such as account number, amount, password, etc.
  • mobile phone communication information such as identity information such as IMSI
  • the memory in the PIM card can therefore be tied together, and the SIM/PIM card is lost and the smart card is also lost.
  • the invention also has the advantages that the input and modification of the smart card information can be realized through the human-computer interaction interface of the mobile phone, which facilitates the use of the smart card.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a mobile phone having a contactless smart card function in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example employed by a detecting unit in the portable device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a process for implementing automatic identification of reader types in the present invention. detailed description
  • Contactless smart card identification systems typically include a reader (or card reader and reader) and a contactless smart card or IC card.
  • the reader/writer transmits an oscillating signal having a frequency of, for example, 125 kHz or 13.5 MHz to supply electromagnetic energy to the IC card, and the other side communicates with the IC card using a radio frequency modulated signal having a frequency of, for example, 2.4 GHz.
  • a reader/writer, a card reader, and a reader refer to a device that reads information from a smart card and/or writes information to the smart card by means of wireless communication.
  • the IC card is packaged with a radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit, an antenna, a logic control unit, and a memory that are responsible for communicating with the reader through the RF modulation signal.
  • the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit provides processing such as modulation and demodulation of signals.
  • the antenna is used for transmitting a radio frequency modulation signal to the reader and receiving the radio frequency modulation signal from the reader, and the basic form comprises a wire wound inductor antenna and a spiral microstrip antenna formed by imprinting or printing etching on the dielectric substrate, and the specific structure thereof The parameters are determined by factors such as carrier frequency, package form, performance, and assembly cost.
  • the memory often uses EEPR0M (Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory), which stores information related to the use of the IC card, such as account number, amount, password, and cardholder identity, and can also store control information.
  • EEPR0M Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory
  • the logic control unit is configured to control the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit and data processing, and encode data, instructions and memory storage information conforming to the reader communication standard, and then sent to the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit to modulate the transmission to read and write. Radio frequency modulation and demodulation The demodulated signal of the unit is decoded and stored in the memory.
  • the electromagnetic energy of the IC card is provided by the reader/writer, that is, when the IC card approaches the reader/writer, the oscillating signal emitted by the aforementioned reader/writer will generate an induced electromotive force on the inductor coil as the coupling element, through the rectification of the diode and the capacitor.
  • the filtering process produces a voltage sufficient to operate the IC card, powering the logic control unit and the RF modem unit.
  • the above identification system works on the principle that the reader sends the information to be sent to a modulated signal of a certain frequency (for example, 2.4 GHz), and when the IC card enters the working area of the reader, it is obtained. While oscillating the electromagnetic energy of the signal, the RF modulation signal is also received by the antenna, and the logic control unit demodulates and decodes the signal by the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit to obtain corresponding commands and/or data.
  • a modulated signal of a certain frequency for example, 2.4 GHz
  • the control logic unit If it is a read command, the control logic unit reads the relevant information from the memory, encodes and modulates it and sends it to the reader through the antenna of the IC card, and the reader/writer performs corresponding processing; if it is a write command for modifying the information
  • the internal charge pump raises the working voltage caused by the control logic, and provides the content of the erased EEPR0M for rewriting. If it is judged that the corresponding password and authority do not match, an error message is returned.
  • control logic unit and the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit are integrated on one chip.
  • control logic unit can also be implemented by a separate microcontroller.
  • contactless smart card technology can be found in various technical application specifications, such as the IS010536, ISO 15693, IS014443, and IS07816 standards for contactless smart cards, which are incorporated herein by reference and incorporated herein by reference. .
  • the principle of the present invention does not depend on the special structure of the mobile phone, and is fully applicable to other portable devices, such as MP3/MP4 players, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and handheld computers.
  • the present invention is not limited to the mobile phone in the following embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a mobile phone having a contactless smart card function in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mobile phone and the present invention Irrelevant structures and units are not described, but it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in the pertinent or similar art that this omission does not hinder or affect the understanding and implementation of the present invention.
  • a mobile phone 1 includes a detecting unit.
  • the detecting unit 11 is for detecting an oscillating signal emitted by the reader/writer 2, and the mounting position thereof includes, for example, but not limited to, an inner space surrounded by the outer casing wall of the mobile phone, the outer casing surface and the outer casing.
  • 2 shows an exemplary circuit diagram of the unit. Referring to FIG. 2, the circuit includes a parallel resonant circuit composed of a coil L1, a capacitor C1, and a C2. When the mobile phone is near the reader/writer 2, the reader/writer 2 transmits The oscillating signal generates an induced electromotive force on the coil L1.
  • the oscillating signal of the reader/writer 2 can generate a resonance signal in the circuit, and the signal is amplified by the diode D and amplified by the transistor T, and then output from the collector to the mobile phone controller.
  • the size can be made small, which is advantageous in reducing the volume and cost of the detecting unit. It is worth noting that the unit can also use other forms of signal detection circuits, such as series resonant circuits. Obviously, the specific circuit form should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
  • the detecting unit 11 may comprise a plurality of resonant circuits or make the circuit parameters of the resonant circuit adjustable (for example, using variable capacitors and/or inductors) Variable coil).
  • the handset controller 12 is coupled to the detection unit 11.
  • the detection unit 11 has a signal output
  • the handset controller 12 will respond to trigger the RF circuit 13 to initiate communication with the reader/writer 2.
  • the connection here means that the input end of the mobile phone controller 12 is directly connected to the output end of the detecting unit 11 (for example, the output end of FIG. 2), and it can also be understood that the two are through other components such as capacitors or inductors or The circuit is coupled in a connected manner.
  • the meaning of the connection should be construed broadly in the broad sense unless otherwise stated.
  • the mobile phone controller 12 described here refers to the data processing or metering in the mobile phone.
  • Various processing units including but not limited to, for example, digital signal processors for baseband signal processing, encoder/decoders for video and audio signal processing, microprocessors or central processing units that control the operation of the entire handset, and dedicated Integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays, etc.
  • the mobile phone controller 12 herein can be completely replaced with various processing units existing in these devices to implement the function of triggering the RF circuit 13 to initiate communication with the reader.
  • a processing unit to the portable device, which is specifically responsible for realizing the function of triggering the RF circuit 13 to start communication with the reader.
  • the mobile phone controller 12 can implement other functions related to the contactless smart card in addition to the functions of the mobile phone communication and the triggering of the RF circuit 13 to initiate communication with the reader/writer. For example, determining the operating parameters of the reader (such as the frequency of the oscillating signal and the type of communication protocol), modifying the information stored by the smart card (such as modifying the account name and password), and controlling the human-computer interaction process between the user and the identification system (such as entering passwords and transactions). The amount), etc., will be further described below.
  • the RF circuit 13 includes an antenna 131, a radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit 132, a memory 133, and a microcontroller 134.
  • the antenna 131 is used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency modulation signals between the radio frequency circuit 13 and the reader/writer 2.
  • the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit 132 is responsible for performing modulation/demodulation and encoding/decoding processing on the signals transmitted and received by the antenna 131, if necessary, Also responsible for signal encryption and decryption, the memory 133 can employ various storage devices, such as EEPROM, flash memory, etc., in which computer instructions for controlling the operation of the RF circuit 13 and various information related to the use of the IC card can be stored, for example including but not Limited to personal identification information, business card information, address book, credit information (such as account number, password, medical card number, ID number), accounting information (the amount stored in the card), and the type and quantity of ordered goods.
  • various storage devices such as EEPROM, flash memory, etc.
  • control logic of the radio frequency circuit 13 is implemented by the microcontroller 134.
  • the control logic includes, for example, but not limited to: triggering the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit 132 to start working, and controlling the processing mode of the transceiving signal (for example, reading and writing) 2 exchange
  • the communication protocol followed by the data, the modulation format of the transmitted signal, and the encoding format of the information, etc., the signal is encrypted/decrypted, the data transfer between the RF modem unit 132 and the memory 133 is controlled, and the memory 133 is read.
  • Write mode for control (such as read-only mode or readable and writable mode, etc.). To this end, as shown in FIG.
  • microcontroller 134 is coupled to radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit 132 and memory 133, respectively, which invoking computer instructions from memory 133 to implement the control logic described above.
  • radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit 132, memory 133, and microcontroller 134 may also be interconnected in a bus manner.
  • the microcontroller 134 is also in communication with the handset controller 12 via the interface circuit 15 to receive control commands from the handset controller 12 (eg, commands instructing the RF circuitry 13 to communicate with the reader/writer 2) and/or data ( The control of the radio frequency circuit 13 by the handset controller 12 is implemented, for example, by the user password information transmitted by the radio frequency circuit 13 to the reader/writer 2.
  • Microcontroller 134 can also transmit data (e.g., data received from reader/writer 2 via antenna 131) to handset controller 12 via interface circuitry 15.
  • the interface circuit 15 follows the IS07816 standard, that is, the SIM/PIM interface is employed.
  • a microcontroller as referred to herein is understood to be a variety of processing units responsible for data processing or computation, including but not limited to digital signal processors, microprocessors or central processing units, and application specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays and the like.
  • the control logic of the radio frequency circuit 13 is implemented by the discrete microcontroller 134, but in other embodiments, the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit 132 may also have corresponding control logic built therein.
  • the handset controller 12 will communicate with the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit 132 via the interface circuit 15.
  • the encoding/decoding processing and signal encryption/decryption processing performed by the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit 132 can also be implemented by the microcontroller 134.
  • the information related to the use of the smart card is not necessarily stored in the memory 133, for example, when the amount of data is large, it may be stored in another memory independent of the memory 133, such as a mobile phone memory connected to the mobile phone controller 12 ( Not shown).
  • the mobile phone display screen and keyboard 14 are connected to the mobile phone controller 12,
  • the user can communicate with the radio frequency circuit 13 by means of the handset controller 12 by using the human-machine interface of the mobile phone.
  • the user can input information such as a password, product type and quantity through the keypad of the mobile phone, and the information is sent to the microcontroller 134 via the handset controller 12, and then processed by the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit 132 and then transmitted and/or stored via the antenna 131.
  • the user can also modify the password and other information stored in the memory 133 through the keypad of the mobile phone.
  • the radio frequency circuit 13 is packaged in the SIM/PB! card of the mobile phone to become a SIM/PIM card having a radio frequency modulation signal transceiving function.
  • the 133 also includes information related to the communication of the mobile phone (for example, IMSI, etc.), so that the SIM/PIM card has the functions of user identity authentication when the mobile phone communicates, and the like. The function of the reader to communicate. Since the current mobile phones are separated by the card, the way of encapsulating the RF circuit 13 in the SIM/PIM card has little change to the structure of the mobile phone.
  • the IMSI information and the IC card information can be bundled in this manner. Together, when the phone is reported lost, the failure of IMSI authentication will result in the natural failure of other functions (such as IC card function).
  • the radio frequency circuit 13 can also be packaged in the form of a SIM/PIM card.
  • the mobile phone provides two SIM/PIM card holders, and the radio frequency circuit 13 and the mobile phone SIM/PIM card are respectively disposed in different card holders.
  • the RF circuit 13 is secured within the handset (e.g., within the housing wall), and preferably, the RF circuitry 13 is coupled to the handset controller 12 via a SIM/PIM interface.
  • the handset controller 12 reads an operating parameter of one of the reader types from the handset memory.
  • the mobile phone controller 12 instructs the radio frequency circuit 13 to correspond to the reader/writer class via the interface circuit 15. Type of processing mode works.
  • step 33 when the RF circuit 13 receives the response signal returned by the reader, it is sent to the handset controller 12 via the interface circuit 15.
  • step 34 the mobile phone controller 12 confirms whether the response signal matches the preset value. If yes, the process proceeds to step 35, and the reader/writer is confirmed to be of the current type. Otherwise, the process returns to step 31, and the mobile phone controller 12 reads the next. The working parameters of the reader type.
  • the radio frequency circuit 13 is powered by the mobile phone battery, for example, the mobile phone battery passes through the power management unit (not shown) of the mobile phone and the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit 132, the memory 133 and the micro in the radio frequency circuit 13. Controllers 134 and the like are connected to provide appropriate voltage/current to these active operating cells. Since the energy required for the RF circuit 13 is not obtained by the inductor coil in the detecting unit as the coupling element but by the mobile phone battery, the size of the inductor coil in the detecting unit can be reduced.
  • the identity information of the user can be stored in the memory 133 of the radio frequency circuit 13.
  • the oscillating signal transmitted by the access control system reader will form a resonance signal at the detecting unit 11, and the signal is sent to the handset controller 12.
  • the handset controller 12 sends an instruction via the interface circuit 15 to the microcontroller 134 in the radio frequency circuit 13 instructing it to activate the radio frequency circuit 13 to transmit the identity information to the reader/writer.
  • the microcontroller 134 reads the identity information from the memory 133 and sends it to the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit 132.
  • the radio frequency modulation and demodulation unit 132 encodes and modulates the identity information and transmits it via the antenna 131.
  • the reader demodulates and decodes the signal, and then sends the processed identity information data to the application system, and the application system verifies the data, and if allowed, allows the user to enter and Information such as the user's entry and exit time is recorded, otherwise the user is blocked.
  • the above-mentioned mobile phone with a contactless smart card function can also be used in a consumer activity such as catering, in which case the RF circuit 13 is equivalent to a catering card.
  • the user can input a menu, a quantity, etc. through the man-machine interface of the mobile phone (ie, the display screen and the keyboard 14) in advance.
  • the information is instructed by the handset controller 12 to be written to the memory 133 by the microcontroller 134.
  • the mobile phone controller 12 is activated by the signal generated by the detecting unit 11 by swiping the card on the POS machine of the restaurant, and the RF circuit 13 is instructed to send the menu and the quantity stored in the memory 133 to the POS machine.
  • the POS machine deducts the corresponding amount from the amount in the memory 133 based on the information.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)

Description

一种具有非接触式智能卡功能的便携式设备 技术领域
本发明涉及非接触式智能卡技术和消费电子设备， 具体而 言， 特别涉及一种具有非接触式智能卡功能的便携式设备。 背景技术
目前， 随着技术的不断进步， 诸如手机、 MP3/MP4播放器、 个人数字助理 (PDA)和手持式计算机之类的便携式设备的普及率 越来越高， 功能也越来越强大。 另一方面， 智能卡 (1 的应用 也在以前所未有的速度发展着。除了传统的门禁应用以外， 在银 行储蓄、生活消费、安全认证等领域的应用已经广泛部署。因此, 安全方便的 IC卡技术，渐渐成为人们生活中不可缺少的一部分。 在 IC卡技术中，非接触式 IC卡由于具有使用方便和耐用等优点 而成为最有活力的领域。
由上可见，迫切需要一种集成有非接触式智能卡功能的便携 式设备， 特别是， 这样的便携式设备能够应用于需要快速刷卡的 应用场合， 例如公共交通、 门禁等。 发明内容
本发明的其中一个目标是提供一种具有非接触式智能卡功 能的便携式设备， 其无需人工干预即可自动完成刷卡过程。
本发明的上述目的可通过下列技术方案实现：
一种具有非接触式智能卡功能的便携式设备， 包含- 适于响应读写器发射的信号而生成检测信号的检测单元； 与所述检测单元相连的处理单元； 以及
适于与所述读写器通信并与所述处理单元相连的射频电路， 其中， 所述处理单元响应于所述检测信号， 向所述射频电路 发送启动信号以启动所述射频电路与所述读写器的通信过程。
优选地， 在上述便携式设备中， 所述射频电路与所述便携式
确认本 设备的电源相连。
优选地， 在上述便携式设备中， 所述检测单元包含采用电感 线圈和电容作为检测元件的谐振电路及以谐振电路输出信号作 为输入信号的整流放大电路。
优选地， 在上述便携式设备中， 所述检测单元与所述便携式 设备的电源相连。
优选地， 在上述便携式设备中， 所述处理单元为数字信号处 理器、微处理器、 中央处理器、专用集成电路和现场可编程门阵 列中的一种。
优选地， 在上述便携式设备中， 所述射频电路包含： 天线；
与所述天线和所述处理单元相连的射频调制解调单元； 以及 与所述射频调制解调单元相连的存储器，
所述射频调制解调单元在从所述处理单元接收到所述启动 信号后，将所述存储器内的信息进行处理并传送至所述天线进行 发射， 或者， 所述射频调制解调单元对所述天线接收的信号进行 处理， 并传送至所述存储器和 /或所述处理单元。
或者在便携式设备中， 所述射频电路包含：
与所述处理单元相连的微控制器：
与所述微控制器相连的存储器；
天线； 以及
与所述微控制器和所述天线相连的射频调制解调单元， 所述微控制器在从所述处理单元接收到所述启动信号后，将 所述存储器内的信息传送至所述射频调制解调单元， 由其处理后 传送至所述天线进行发射， 或者， 所述射频调制解调单元对所述 天线接收的信号进行处理并传送至所述微控制器， 由其处理和 / 或传送至所述处理单元和 /或所述存储器。
优选地， 所述便携式设备为手机， 所述射频电路封装在遵循
IS07816标准的 SIM/PIM卡内， 所述存储器存储有与手机通信和 智能卡使用相关的信息， 并且所述微控制器、所述存储器和所述 射频调制解调单元由手机电池供电。或者， 所述便携式设备为手 机， 所述微控制器与所述处理单元相连， 所述存储器存储有与智 能卡使用相关的信息， 并且所述微控制器、所述存储器和所述射 频调制解调单元由手机电池供电。
优选地， 所述便携式设备为手机，所述射频调制解调单元与 所述处理单元相连，并且与智能卡使用的相关信息存储在与独立 于所述存储器并与所述处理单元相连的其它存储器中。
优选地， 上述便携式设备为手机， 手机键盘经所述处理单元 和所述微控制器与所述存储器相连， 以使用户可通过所述手机键 盘向所述存储器输入信息和 /或修改所述存储器内存储的信息。
优选地， 所述便携式设备为 MP3/MP4播放器、个人数字助理 和手持式计算机中的一种。
在上述便携式设备中， 由于内置有检测单元， 因此可对读写 器振荡信号的自动检测， 并进而启动射频电路与读写器进行通 信， 由此实现了自动、 快速地刷卡， 摆脱了诸如通过手机菜单输 入命令之类的人工干预过程。
由于射频电路可经由便携式设备供电， 因此检测单元中线圈 所承担的能量耦合元件的功能不再需要，这有利于缩小检测单元 的尺寸， 实现检测单元的小型化。
在本发明中， 射频电路与便携式设备的处理单元相连， 因此 可充分利用该单元强大的计算和处理资源来识别各类不同的读 写器，处理不同的读写卡需求，实现了真正意义上的 "一卡通"。
本发明的另一个优点体现在射频电路模块与手机 S IM/PIM卡 的集成上， 由于智能卡信息 (例如账号、 金额、 密码等)和手机通 信信息 (例如 IMSI等身份信息)都存储在 SIM/PIM卡内的存储器， 因此可将这些信息梱绑在一起，挂失 SIM/PIM卡的同时也挂失了 智能卡。
本发明的优点还包括可以通过手机的人机交互接口实现对 智能卡信息的输入和修改， 方便了智能卡的使用。 附图简述
通过以下借助较佳实施例和附图对本发明的阐述，可以进一 步理解本发明的上述以及其它目标、 优点和特征， 其中：
图 1为示意图，其示出了按照本发明一个较佳实施例的具有 非接触式智能卡功能的手机。
图 2为电路图，其示出了按照本发明的便携式设备中的检测 单元所采用的一个示例。
图 3为在本发明中实现读写器类型自动识别过程的一个实施 例的流程图。 具体实施方式
非接触式智能卡识别***一般包括读写器 (或读卡器和阅读 器)和非接触式智能卡或 IC卡。 读写器一方面发射频率例如为 125KHz或 13. 5MHz的振荡信号以向 IC卡提供电磁能量， 另一方 面利用频率例如为 2. 4GHz的射频调制信号与 IC卡通信。在本说 明书中， 读写器、读卡器和阅读器皆指借助于无线通信方式从智 能卡读取信息和 /或向智能卡写入信息的设备。 IC卡内封装有负 责通过射频调制信号与读写器进行通信的射频调制解调单元、天 线、 逻辑控制单元和存储器等。
射频调制解调单元提供信号的调制和解调等处理。天线用于 向读写器发射射频调制信号和从读写器接收射频调制信号，基本 形式包括线绕电感天线和在介质基板上压印或印刷刻蚀形成的 盘旋状微带天线， 其具体结构参数由载波频率、 封装形式、 性能 和组装成本等因素决定。存储器常采用 EEPR0M (电可擦除及可编 程式只读存储器） ， 其内存储有与 IC卡使用有关的信息， 例如 账号、 金额、 密码和持卡人身份等， 还可存储控制信息。 逻辑控 制单元用于控制射频调制解调单元和数据处理，其将符合读写器 通讯标准的数据、指令和存储器存储的信息进行编码， 并随后送 至射频调制解调单元以调制发射给读写器，其还将射频调制解调 单元解调后的信号进行解码并存入存储器中。
IC卡的电磁能量由读写器提供，即，当 IC卡接近读写器时, 前述读写器发射的振荡信号将在作为耦合元件的电感线圈上产 生感应电动势，经由二极管的整流和电容器的滤波处理后产生足 以使 IC卡工作所需的电压， 给逻辑控制单元和射频调制解调单 元供电。
上述识别***的工作原理为，读写器将要发送的信息加载在 某一频率 (例如 2. 4 GHz)的调制信号上向外发送，当 IC卡进入读 写器的工作区域时， 其在获得振荡信号电磁能量的同时， 还经天 线接收到此射频调制信号，逻辑控制单元经射频调制解调单元将 信号解调和解码后获得相应的命令和 /或数据。 若为读命令， 控 制逻辑单元则从存储器中读取有关信息，经编码、调制后通过 IC 卡的天线再发送给读写器， 由读写器作相应的处理； 若为修改信 息的写命令， 有关控制逻辑引起的内部电荷泵提升工作电压， 提 供擦写 EEPR0M中的内容进行改写， 若经判断其对应的密码和权 限不符， 则返回出错信息。
上述控制逻辑单元与射频调制解调单元集成在一块芯片上， 当涉及比较复杂的控制时 (例如涉及信息的加密 /解密过程）， 控 制逻辑单元也可由分立的微控制器实现。
有关非接触式智能卡技术的详细描述，可参见各种技术应用 规范，例如关于非接触智能卡的 IS010536、 ISO 15693、 IS014443 和 IS07816标准，这些技术资料在此作为参考文献加以引用并成 为本说明书的一部分。
以下以手机为例， 借助附图描述本发明的一个较佳实施例。 从下面的描述将可以看到，本发明的原理并不依赖于手机的特殊 结构， 完全可应用于其它便携式设备， 例如 MP3/MP4播放器、个 人数字助理 (PDA)和手持式计算机等， 因此本发明并不局限于下 述实施例中的手机。
图 1为示意图，其示出了按照本发明一个较佳实施例的具有 非接触式智能卡功能的手机。在下面的描述中， 手机中与本发明 无关的结构和单元未作描述， 但是显而易见的是， 对于所属或相 近领域内的普通技术人员来说，这种省略并不会妨碍或影响其对 本发明的理解和实施
如图 1所示，按照本发明较佳实施例的手机 1包括检测单元
11、 手机控制器 12、 射频电路 13、 手机显示屏和键盘 14和接口 电路 15。
检测单元 11用于检测读写器 2发射的振荡信号， 其安装位 置例如包括但不局限于手机的外壳壳壁内、外壳表面和外壳包围 的内部空间内。 图 2示出了该单元的一个示例性电路图， 参见图 2, 该电路包含一个由线圈 Ll、 电容器 Cl、 C2组成的并联谐振电 路，当手机靠近读写器 2时，读写器 2发射的振荡信号在线圈 L1 上产生感应电动势。 通过调整线圈 Ll、 电容器 Cl、 C2的参数， 可以使读写器 2的振荡信号在该电路内产生谐振信号，该信号经 二极管 D整流和三极管 T放大后从其集电极输出至手机控制器
12。 由于线圈 L1产生的感应电动势只要能够产生足以使手机控 制器 12响应的信号即可， 因此尺寸可以做得很小， 这有利于减 小检测单元的体积和成本。值得指出的是， 该单元也可以采用其 它形式的信号检测电路， 例如串联谐振电路， 显然， 具体的电路 形式不应构成对本发明保护范围的限定。
为使本实施例的手机适于检测到多个不同频率的振荡信号， 检测单元 11可包含多个谐振电路， 或者使谐振电路的电路参数 是可调节的 (例如采用可变电容器和 /或电感可变的线圈）。
参见图 1， 手机控制器 12与检测单元 11相连， 当检测单元 11有信号输出时， 手机控制器 12将作出响应， 触发射频电路 13 启动与读写器 2的通信。值得指出的是， 这里的连接除了指手机 控制器 12的输入端与检测单元 11的输出端 (例如图 2的输出端) 直接相连以外，也可以理解为二者通过电容或电感等其它元件或 电路耦合的方式连接。 在本说明书中， 除非特别说明， 对于连接 的含义都应作上述广义理解。
这里所述的手机控制器 12指的是手机中负责数据处理或计 算的各种处理单元，包括但不限于例如用于基带信号处理的数字 信号处理器、 用于视音频信号处理的编码 /译码器、 控制整个手 机运行的微处理器或中央处理器以及专用集成电路、现场可编程 门阵列等。 当将本发明应用于其它便携式设备时， 完全可以将这 里的手机控制器 12替换为这些设备内已有的各种处理单元， 以 实现触发射频电路 13启动与读写器通信的功能。 更进一步， 也 可以在便携式设备增设处理单元,专门负责实现触发射频电路 13 启动与读写器通信的功能。这些变动或改动对于所属或相近技术 领域内的普通技术人员来说都是显而易见的， 因此应归入本发明 的保护范围。
由于具有较强的处理能力， 在本实施例中， 手机控制器 12 除了实现手机通信和触发射频电路 13启动与读写器通信的功能 以外， 还可以实现与非接触式智能卡有关的其它功能， 例如确定 读写器的工作参数 (例如振荡信号频率和通信协议类型），修改智 能卡存储的信息 (例如修改账户名称和密码）， 以及控制用户与识 别***的人机交互过程 (例如输入密码和交易金额)等，这些将在 下面作进一步的描述。
参见图 1,射频电路 13包含天线 131、射频调制解调单元 132、 存储器 133和微控制器 134。天线 131用于射频电路 13与读写器 2之间射频调制信号的发射和接收， 射频调制解调单元 132负责 对天线 131收发的信号迸行调制 /解调和编码 /解码处理，如果需 要，还负责信号加密和解密，存储器 133可采用各种的存储器件， 例如 EEPR0M、 闪存等， 其内可存储控制射频电路 13工作的计算 机指令以及与 IC卡使用有关的各种信息， 例如包括但不限于个 人身份信息、 名片信息、 通讯录、 信用信息（如账号、 密码、 医 疗***、 身份证号）、 账务信息 (卡内所存金额）以及订购商品种 类和数量等。
在本实施例中， 射频电路 13的控制逻辑由微控制器 134实 现， 控制逻辑例如包括但不限于： 触发射频调制解调单元 132开 始工作， 对收发信号的处理模式进行控制 (例如与读写器 2交换 数据遵循的通信协议、 发射信号的调制格式和信息的编码格式 等）， 对信号进行加密 /解密处理， 对射频调制解调单元 132与存 储器 133之间数据传送进行控制， 以及对存储器 133的读写模式 进行控制 (例如只读模式或可读可写模式等)等。为此， 如图 1所 示，微控制器 134分别与射频调制解调单元 132和存储器 133相 连， 其从存储器 133调用实现上述控制逻辑的计算机指令。在另 外的实例中，射频调制解调单元 132、存储器 133和微控制器 134 也可以总线方式互连。
此外,微控制器 134还经接口电路 15与手机控制器 12通信， 从而可接收手机控制器 12的控制指令 (例如指示射频电路 13与 读写器 2迸行通信的命令)和 /或数据 (例如通过射频电路 13向读 写器 2发送的用户密码信息），实现手机控制器 12对射频电路 13 的控制。微控制器 134也可经接口电路 15向手机控制器 12发送 数据 (例如经天线 131从读写器 2接收的数据）。 在本实施例中， 比较好的是接口电路 15遵循 IS07816标准， 即采用 SIM/PIM接 口。
这里所述的微控制器应理解为负责数据处理或计算的各种 处理单元， 包括但不限于数字信号处理器、微处理器或中央处理 器以及专用集成电路、 现场可编程门阵列等。
值得指出的是， 在本实施例中， 射频电路 13的控制逻辑由 分立的微控制器 134实现， 但是在另外的实施例中， 射频调制解 调单元 132也可以内置相应的控制逻辑， 此时手机控制器 12将 经接口电路 15与射频调制解调单元 132通信。 此外， 射频调制 解调单元 132所完成的编码 /解码处理以及信号加密 /解密处理也 可由微控制器 134实现。还有， 与智能卡使用的相关信息不一定 被存储在存储器 133中， 例如当数据量较大时， 还可以存储在独 立于存储器 133的其它存储器中， 例如与手机控制器 12相连的 手机存储器 (未画出）中。对于所属和相近领域内的普通技术人员 来说， 这些修改都是显而易见的。
参见图 1, 手机显示屏和键盘 14与手机控制器 12相连， 用 户可利用手机的人机界面， 借助手机控制器 12实现与射频电路 13的通信。例如，用户可通过手机键盘输入密码、商品种类和数 量等信息，这些信息经手机控制器 12被送至微控制器 134，然后 由射频调制解调单元 132处理后经天线 131发射和 /或存储在存 储器 133内， 另外， 用户也可通过手机键盘对存储在存储器 133 内的密码和其它信息进行修改。
至于射频电路 13在手机内的设置方式，在其中一种方式中， 射频电路 13被封装在手机的 SIM/PB!卡内， 成为一个具有射频 调制信号收发功能的 SIM/PIM卡，此时存储器 133内除了存储与 IC卡使用有关的信息以外， 还包含与手机通信有关的信息 (例如 IMSI等）， 这样， 该 SIM/PIM卡除了提供手机通信时的用户身份 鉴别等功能以外， 还具有与读写器进行通信的功能。 由于目前的 手机都是机卡分离的， 因此这种将射频电路 13封装在 SIM/PIM 卡内的方式对手机结构的改动很小，此外，这种方式下可将 IMSI 信息与 IC卡信息捆绑在一起， 当手机挂失后， IMSI鉴权的失败 将导致其它功能 (例如 IC卡功能)的自然失效。
可选地， 射频电路 13也可按照 SIM/PIM卡的形式封装， 手 机提供两个 SIM/PIM卡座， 射频电路 13和手机 SIM/PIM卡分别 设置在不同的卡座内。
在还有一种方式中，射频电路 13则固定在手机内（例如外壳 壳壁内）， 并且比较好的是， 射频电路 13通过 SIM/PIM接口与手 机控制器 12相连。
一般而言，各种非接触式智能卡识别***往往采用不同的读 写器工作参数， 为适应于在各种读写器上刷卡的情况， 从而真正 做到 "一卡通"， 在本实施例中， 可采用图 3所示的一个示意性 过程来实现读写器类型的自动识别， 其中， 假设各种读写器的工 作参数都预先存储在手机的存储器 (未画出）内。
如图 3所示， 在步骤 31中， 手机控制器 12从手机存储器内 读取其中一种读写器类型的工作参数。 接着在步骤 32中， 手机 控制器 12经接口电路 15指示射频电路 13在对应于该读写器类 型的处理模式下工作。
在步骤 33中，当射频电路 13接收到读写器返回的应答信号 时， 将其经接口电路 15送至手机控制器 12。 接着在步骤 34中， 手机控制器 12确认该应答信号与预设值是否匹配， 如果匹配， 则进入步骤 35， 确认读写器为当前类型， 否则返回步骤 31， 手 机控制器 12读取下一种读写器类型的工作参数。
在本实施例中， 比较好的是， 射频电路 13由手机电池供电, 例如手机电池通过手机的电源管理单元 (未画出）与射频电路 13 内的射频调制解调单元 132、存储器 133和微控制器 134等相连, 向这些有源工作单元提供合适的电压 /电流。由于射频电路 13所 需的能量不是经作为耦合元件的检测单元中的电感线圈获取而 是由手机电池提供， 因此检测单元中的电感线圈尺寸可以缩小。
以下描述上述具有非接触式智能卡功能的手机在各种场合 的应用。
首先描述参照图 1和图 2所述的手机在门禁***中的应用， 为此可在射频电路 13的存储器 133内存储用户的身份信息。 当 用户用手机刷卡时， 门禁***读写器发射的振荡信号将在检测单 元 11形成谐振信号， 该信号被送至手机控制器 12。 手机控制器 12对此作出响应， 经接口电路 15向射频电路 13内的微控制器 134发送指令， 指示其启动射频电路 13， 将身份信息发送至读写 器。
接着，微控制器 134从存储器 133中读取身份信息并送至射 频调制解调单元 132， 射频调制解调单元 132将身份信息编码和 调制后经天线 131发送。读写器接收到该调制编码信号后， 对信 号进行解调和解码处理，然后将处理后得到的身份信息数据送至 应用***， 应用***对该数据进行验证， 如果通过则允许用户进 入并将用户的进出时间等信息记录下来， 否则将用户阻止在外。
上述具有非接触式智能卡功能的手机也可用于餐饮等消费 活动中， 此时射频电路 13相当于一张餐饮卡。 例如用户可以预 先通过手机的人机界面（即显示屏和键盘 14)输入菜单、数量等信 T N2006/000746
息，这些信息由手机控制器 12指示微控制器 134写入存储器 133 内。 当用户就餐时， 只要将手机在餐厅的 P0S机上刷一下卡， 检 测单元 11 产生的信号即启动手机控制器 12, 指示射频电路 13 将存储器 133内存储的菜单和数量等信息发送至 P0S机， P0S机 根据这些信息从存储器 133内的金额中扣除相应的数量。
在阅读上述披露内容之后，其它修改对于本领域内的技术人 员来说将是显而易见的。这种修改可能涉及到所属和相近技术领 域内普通技术人员公知的特征，并且这些特征可以代替这里已经 描述的特征或者以添加的方式应用。

Claims

Figure imgf000014_0001
Is 一种具有非接触式智能卡功能的便携式设备， 其特征在 于， 包含：
适于响应读写器发射的信号而生成检测信号的检测单元； 与所述检测单元相连的处理单元； 以及
适于与所述读写器通信并与所述处理单元相连的射频电路， 其中, 所述处理单元响应于所述检测信号， 向所述射频电路 发送启动信号以启动所述射频电路与所述读写器的通信过程。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的便携式设备， 其中， 所述射频电路 与所述便携式设备的电源相连。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的便携式设备， 其中， 所述检测单元 包含采用电感线圈和电容作为检测元件的谐振电路及以谐振电 路输出信号作为输入信号的整流放大电路。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的便携式设备， 其中， 所述检测单元 与所述便携式设备的电源相连。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的便携式设备， 其中， 所述射频电路 包含：
天线；
与所述天线和所述处理单元相连的射频调制解调单元； 以及 与所述射频调制解调单元相连的存储器，
所述射频调制解调单元在从所述处理单元接收到所述启动 信号后，将所述存储器内的信息进行处理并传送至所述天线进行 发射， 或者， 所述射频调制解调单元对所述天线接收的信号进行 处理， 并传送至所述存储器和 /或所述处理单元。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的便携式设备， 其中， 所述射频电路 包含：
与所述处理单元相连的微控制器；
与所述微控制器相连的存储器；
天线： 以及 与所述微控制器和所述天线相连的射频调制解调单元， 所述微控制器在从所述处理单元接收到所述启动信号后，将 所述存储器内的信息传送至所述射频调制解调单元， 由其处理后 传送至所述天线进行发射， 或者， 所述射频调制解调单元对所述 天线接收的信号进行处理并传送至所述微控制器， 由其处理和 / 或传送至所述处理单元和 /或所述存储器。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的便携式设备， 其中， 所述处理单元 为数字信号处理器、 微处理器、 中央处理器、 专用集成电路和现 场可编程门阵列中的一种。
8、 如权利要求 4一 6中任意一项所述的便携式设备， 其中， 所述便携式设备为手机，所述射频电路封装在遒循 IS07816标准 的 SIM/PIM卡内，所述存储器存储有与手机通信和智能卡使用相 关的信息， 并且所述微控制器、所述存储器和所述射频调制解调 单元由手机电池供电。
9、 如权利要求 4一 6中任意一项所述的便携式设备， 其中， 所述微控制器与所述处理单元相连，所述存储器存储有与智能卡 使用相关的信息， 并且所述微控制器、所述存储器和所述射频调 制解调单元由手机电池供电。
10、如权利要求 4一6中任意一项所述的便携式设备， 其中， 所述便携式设备为手机，所述射频调制解调单元与所述处理单元 相连，并且与智能卡使用的相关信息存储在与独立于所述存储器 并与所述处理单元相连的其它存储器中。
11、 如权利要求 4一6中任意一项所述的便携式设备， 其中， 手机键盘经所述处理单元和所述徼控制器与所述存储器相连， 以 使用户可通过所述手机键盘向所述存储器输入信息和 /或修改所 述存储器内存储的信息。
12、 如权利要求 1所述的便携式设备， 其中， 所述便携式设 备为 MP3/MP4播放器、 个人数字助理和手持式计算机中的一种。
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