WO2007094380A1 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007094380A1 WO2007094380A1 PCT/JP2007/052657 JP2007052657W WO2007094380A1 WO 2007094380 A1 WO2007094380 A1 WO 2007094380A1 JP 2007052657 W JP2007052657 W JP 2007052657W WO 2007094380 A1 WO2007094380 A1 WO 2007094380A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- temperature
- fuel
- gas
- circulation pump
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system that circulates and supplies fuel-off gas to a fuel cell.
- a fuel cell system of the present invention is a fuel having a circulation path that circulates a fuel-off gas discharged from a fuel cell to the fuel cell, and a circulation pump that pumps the fuel-off gas in the circulation path.
- the present inventors have found that, at a low temperature, for example, below freezing point, the partial pressure of water vapor in the fuel off-gas is almost the outlet and the amount of nitrogen cross leak is small. Therefore, even if the circulation pump is stopped at a predetermined low temperature as in the present invention, the fuel gas concentration in the fuel gas is sufficiently increased while avoiding damage to the circulation pump and increasing the system efficiency. Can be maintained.
- control device may stop driving the circulation pump at a predetermined low temperature and when the fuel cell system is started.
- the fuel cell system can be properly activated.
- the fuel cell temperature or the outside air temperature is 0 ° C. or less at a predetermined low temperature.
- the circulation pump is stopped when the temperature of the circulation pump is 0 ° C. or less at which the circulation pump can be frozen, so that damage to the circulation pump can be appropriately avoided.
- the fuel gas concentration in the fuel off-gas can be secured.
- the fuel cell system of the present invention may include a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the fuel cell.
- the control device stops driving the circulation pump when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is below a predetermined low temperature, while driving the circulation pump when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is higher than the predetermined low temperature. It is good to allow.
- the temperature of a fuel cell varies with the operation of the fuel cell system. For example, when the fuel cell system is started, the temperature of the fuel cell is almost the same as the outside air temperature. However, when the fuel cell system is operating, the temperature of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell is 6 0-8 0 ° C. As in the present invention described above, when the temperature of the fuel cell is higher than a predetermined low temperature, the circulation pump can be allowed to drive and the original specification can be made. Also, when the temperature of the fuel cell is below a predetermined low temperature, the circulation pump is stopped to ensure the fuel gas concentration in the fuel off-gas while properly avoiding damage to the circulation pump. Can do.
- the fuel cell system of the present invention may include a purge passage connected to the circulation path for discharging the fuel off gas, and a purge valve for opening and closing the purge passage.
- the control device may open and close the purge valve when the circulation pump is stopped. 'According to this configuration, by opening the purge valve, it is possible to discharge the generated water and impurities contained in the fuel off-gas together with the fuel off-gas to the purge passage. As a result, when the circulation pump is stopped, the fuel gas concentration in the fuel off gas can be increased even if the fuel gas concentration in the fuel off gas decreases.
- control device may stop driving the circulation pump in preference to other conditions at a predetermined low temperature.
- driving of the circulation pump may be stopped in preference to stopping supply of fuel gas to the fuel cell, opening a purge valve, or stopping power generation of the fuel cell.
- a fuel gas is supplied to the fuel cell to provide a fuel cell.
- a fuel gas system for discharging the fuel off gas from the pond may be configured.
- There is a temperature at which the magnitude of the system loss of the fuel gas system when the circulation pump is stopped is the reverse of the magnitude of the system loss of the fuel gas system when the circulation pump is driven, and the predetermined low temperature is It is good if the temperature is below the reverse temperature.
- the circulation pump can be switched between driving and stopping based on the temperature at which the system loss is reversed. As a result, the system loss of the fuel gas system can be reduced, and the overall system efficiency can be improved.
- the fuel gas system may have a purge passage for discharging the fuel off gas and a purge valve for opening and closing the purge passage.
- the system loss of the fuel gas system when the circulation pump is stopped is composed of the purge loss due to the opening of the purge valve.
- the system loss of the fuel gas system when the circulation pump is driven is the opening of the purge valve. It is good to consist of the purge loss due to the power loss and the power loss due to the circulation pump drive. '
- the fuel cell system of the present invention may further include a purge passage connected to the circulation path for discharging the fuel off-gas, and a purge valve for opening and closing the purge passage.
- a purge passage connected to the circulation path for discharging the fuel off-gas
- a purge valve for opening and closing the purge passage.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control example of the circulation pump according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to a comparative example.
- Figure 4 is a graph showing the change in the hydrogen system loss with respect to the temperature of the fuel cell.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in the purge amount with respect to the temperature of the fuel cell.
- the fuel cell system 1 includes a fuel cell 2, an oxidizing gas piping system 3, a fuel gas piping system 4, a refrigerant piping system 5, and a control device 7 that performs overall control of the entire system 1. Is provided.
- the fuel cell 2 is composed of, for example, a solid polymer electrolyte type.
- the fuel cell 2 has a stack structure in which a large number of single cells are stacked.
- the single cell of the fuel cell 2 has an air electrode on one surface of an electrolyte made of an ion exchange membrane, a fuel electrode on the other surface, and a pair so as to sandwich the air electrode and the fuel electrode from both sides. It has a separator.
- An oxidizing gas is supplied to the oxidizing gas channel 2a of one separator, and a fuel gas is supplied to the fuel gas channel 2b of the other separator.
- the fuel cell 2 generates electric power by the electrochemical reaction of the supplied fuel gas and oxidizing gas.
- the electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell 2 is an exothermic reaction, and the temperature of the solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell 2 is approximately 60 to 80 ° C.
- the oxidizing gas piping system 3 supplies air (oxygen) as oxidizing gas to the fuel cell 2.
- the oxidizing gas piping system 3 has a supply path 11 1 through which the oxidizing gas supplied to the fuel cell 2 flows, and a discharge path 12 through which the oxidizing off-gas discharged from the fuel cell 2 flows.
- the supply channel 1 1 takes in the oxidizing gas through the filter 1 3, and the compressor 1 4 and the oxidizing gas pumped by the compressor 1 4 are humidified Humidifiers 15 and 5 are provided.
- Oxidized off-gas flowing through the discharge path 1 2 passes through the back pressure regulating valve 16 and is subjected to moisture exchange in the humidifier 15 and finally exhausted into the atmosphere outside the system as exhaust gas.
- the fuel gas piping system 4 supplies hydrogen as fuel gas to the fuel cell 2.
- the fuel gas piping system 4 includes a hydrogen supply source 21, a supply path 2 2 through which hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen supply source 21 to the fuel cell 2 flows, and a hydrogen off gas discharged from the fuel cell 2.
- Circulation path 2 3 for returning (fuel off-gas) to junction A of supply path 2 2; pump 2 4 for pumping hydrogen off-gas in circulation path 2 3 to supply path 2 2; and branching to circulation path 2 3 And a connected purge path 25.
- the hydrogen supply source 21 is composed of, for example, a high-pressure tank or a hydrogen storage alloy, and is configured to be capable of storing, for example, 35 M Pa or 7 O M Pa hydrogen gas.
- a shutoff valve 28 is provided on the upstream side of the confluence point A of the supply path 22.
- Hydrogen gas circulation system (fuel gas circulation system) 29 The passage of 9 is composed of a downstream flow path at the confluence A of the supply path 22, a fuel gas flow path 2 b formed in the separator of the fuel cell 2, and a circulation path 2 Consists of 3 and in order.
- the hydrogen gas circulation system 29 includes a pump 24 provided in the circulation path 23 described above.
- the pump 24 (circulation pump) can be configured in various types, for example, in the positive displacement type.
- the pump 24 includes, for example, a three-phase AC motor (not shown), and a compressor unit having an impeller coupled to a drive shaft of the motor.
- the driving and stopping of the motor are controlled by the control device 7.
- the pump 24 circulates and supplies the hydrogen off gas in the hydrogen gas circulation system 29 to the fuel cell 2 by driving the motor, and stops circulating the hydrogen off gas by stopping the driving of the motor.
- the purge path 25 is provided with a purge valve 33 as a shutoff valve. When the purge valve 3 3 is appropriately opened when the fuel cell system 1 is in operation, impurities in the hydrogen off gas are discharged together with the hydrogen off gas to a diluter (not shown).
- impurities in the hydrogen off gas include moisture such as generated water contained in the hydrogen off gas, as well as nitrogen gas that has permeated from the air electrode of the fuel cell 2 to the fuel electrode through the ion exchange membrane, that is, Cross leaked nitrogen gas is included.
- the refrigerant piping system 5 supplies the refrigerant to the fuel cell 2 and cools the fuel cell 2.
- the coolant piping system 5 is discharged from the fuel cell 2 and the coolant channel 41 connected to the cooling channel 2 c in the fuel cell 2, the cooling pump 4 2 provided in the coolant channel 41, and the fuel cell 2.
- the refrigerant flow path 41 has a temperature sensor 46 provided near the refrigerant inlet of the fuel cell 2 and a temperature sensor 47 provided near the refrigerant outlet of the fuel cell 2.
- the refrigerant temperature detected by the temperature sensor 47 reflects the internal temperature of the fuel cell 2 (hereinafter referred to as the temperature of the fuel cell 2).
- the control device 7 is configured as a microcomputer having a CPU, ROM, and RAM therein.
- the CPU executes a desired calculation according to the control program, and performs various processes and controls such as control of the pump 24 described later.
- the ROM stores control programs and control data that are processed by the CPU.
- the RAM is mainly used as various work areas for control processing.
- the control device 7 includes various pressure sensors and temperature sensors 4 6 and 4 7 used in the gas system (3, 4), the refrigerant system 5, and an outside air temperature sensor 5 that detects the outside air temperature in which the fuel cell system 1 is placed. Input a detection signal such as 1.
- the control device 7 outputs control signals to various components such as the pump 24 and the purge valve 33.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control example of the pump 24 according to the present embodiment.
- the control device 7 executes the following program when the fuel cell system 1 is started in order to perform operation with improved efficiency of the fuel cell system 1 while avoiding damage to the pump 24. Note that this program may be executed even when the rotation of the pump 24 is temporarily stopped or stopped during the operation of the fuel cell system 1.
- step S 1 various temperatures related to the fuel cell system 1 are detected. Specifically, the temperatures of the temperature sensors 4 5 and 4 6 and the outside air temperature sensor 51 in the refrigerant piping system 5 are detected. '
- step S2 it is determined whether or not at least one detected temperature T i ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ of the sensors 45 ′, 4 6 and 51 is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature 1 ⁇ (step S2).
- the predetermined temperature 1 ⁇ is, for example, 0 ° C. If the detected temperature ⁇ ⁇ is higher than the temperature 1 ⁇ (step S2: NO), it is determined that the pump 24 is not frozen and the pump 24 is allowed to drive (step S5). ).
- the temperature of the fuel cell 2 detected by the temperature sensor 47 and the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 51 may be different. This difference is mainly due to the time from when the fuel cell system 1 is stopped to when it is restarted. For example, when the storage time is relatively long, there is almost no temperature difference between the two. However, if the time of release is relatively short, the temperature of the fuel cell 2 is often higher than the outside air temperature. — On the other hand, it is the outside air temperature sensor 5 1 that better reflects the temperature of the pump 2 4 itself. Therefore, in step S2, the detection by the outside air temperature sensor 5 1 is mainly used. It is good to determine whether the output temperature T is lower than the temperature T ⁇ or not to keep the pump 24 4 stopped (Step S 3) or permit the pump 24 to be driven (Step S 5). .
- Step S3 When the detected temperature T i is less than 1 ⁇ , for example, when the temperature is low such that the pump 24 freezes (Step S2: YES), the pump 24 is stopped (Step S3). . That is, the control device 7 puts the hydrogen off-gas circulation substantially stopped at a predetermined low temperature in preference to other conditions. At the same time, the control device 7 supplies the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen supply source 21 to the fuel cell 2 and supplies the oxidizing gas by the compressor 14 so that the fuel cell 2 generates power. That is, the fuel cell 2 generates power without forcibly circulating the hydrogen off-gas to the fuel cell 2. At this time, the stoppage of the pump 24 is maintained until the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 47 exceeds the threshold T 2 (step S 4: ⁇ ⁇ ).
- step S 3 the fuel cell system 1 is operated with the pump 2 4 stopped. Even in this case, the hydrogen concentration in the single cell of the fuel cell 2 should be kept high. Can do. This is because, when the temperature of the fuel cell 2 is 0 ° C. or lower, the partial pressure of water vapor in the hydrogen off-gas is almost zero, and the amount of nitrogen gas cross leak is small. Therefore, when the temperature of the fuel cell 2 is 0 ° C. or lower, the power generation efficiency in the fuel cell 2 can be suppressed from decreasing even if the driving of the pump 24 is stopped.
- the hydrogen concentration in the fuel cell 2 it is preferable to keep the hydrogen concentration in the fuel cell 2 always high by appropriately opening the purge valve 3 3 during the power generation of the fuel cell 2 in which the drive of the pump 24 is stopped. .
- the number of times the purge valve 33 is opened is preferably smaller than that during normal operation (when the pump 24 is driven). By doing so, the amount of purge can be suppressed, the hydrogen utilization rate in the fuel cell system 1 can be increased, and as a result, the system efficiency can be increased.
- the power generation of the fuel cell 2 is started, the temperature of the fuel cell 2 rises.
- the partial pressure of water vapor in the hydrogen off-gas increases, and the cross-leakage amount of nitrogen gas increases, and the hydrogen concentration in the single cell of the fuel cell 2 decreases.
- the opening / closing frequency of the purge valve 33 increases.
- the hydrogen utilization rate decreases and system efficiency deteriorates.
- the threshold value T 2 is a temperature higher than the above temperature 1 ⁇ , for example, a temperature higher than o ° c.
- the threshold value T 2 is, for example, 20 ° C. to 30 ° C. in consideration of the operating temperature 60 ° C. to 80 ° C. of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 2.
- step S5 completes the series of programs for pump 24.
- the drive of the pump 24 is started, and normal control corresponding to the load of the fuel cell 2 is performed. That is, in the fuel cell system 1, the hydrogen utilization rate is increased by circulating and supplying the hydrogen off gas to the fuel cell 2 by driving the pump 24, while the purge valve 33 is appropriately opened, so that the hydrogen off gas is contained in the hydrogen off gas. Maintain a high hydrogen concentration.
- the fuel cell 2 generates power in a state where the drive of the pump 24 is stopped at the time of starting below freezing. As a result, even if the pump 24 is frozen, it is possible to avoid damaging the pump 24 because the driving (tonoreck generation) is stopped. In addition, since the pump 24 is stopped, the power loss does not occur and the system efficiency can be increased.
- the inventors have found that when the temperature is below freezing, the water vapor partial pressure of the hydrogen off-gas is almost zero and the amount of nitrogen gas cross-leakage is small. Shi Therefore, even if the pump 24 is stopped as described above, the hydrogen concentration in the fuel cell 2 can be maintained high, and the fuel cell 2 can be appropriately generated. Further, even when the pump 24 is stopped, it is not necessary to purge the hydrogen off gas frequently or not at all, so that the purge amount of the hydrogen off gas can be suppressed. Therefore, the hydrogen utilization rate can be increased while the pump 24 is stopped, and as a result, the system efficiency can be increased.
- the fuel cell 2 is warmed to a predetermined temperature by power generation, that is, when a predetermined condition ( ⁇ > ⁇ 2 ) is satisfied, the start of driving of the pump 24 is permitted, and the pump 24 and the purge valve 3 Transition to normal control of 3. Therefore, according to the fuel cell system 1, it is possible to secure the hydrogen concentration in the fuel cell 2 while increasing the hydrogen utilization rate when the pump 24 is stopped or driven. Can do.
- the temperature is below freezing point where the pump 24 freezes, the pump 24 is not driven, so that the countermeasure for freezing the pump 24 can be simplified.
- wastewater treatment in the pump 24 after the operation of the fuel cell system 1 is stopped, and structural measures to prevent the pump 24 from freezing can be eliminated.
- An example of the waste water treatment is a scavenging process in which the hydrogen off-gas in the hydrogen gas circulation system 29 is replaced with the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen supply source 21 when the operation of the fuel cell system 1 is stopped.
- the fuel cell system 1 according to the second embodiment 1 Will be described focusing on the differences.
- the difference from the first embodiment is that the temperatures T i and T 2 shown in FIG. 2 are changed.
- the temperatures T and T 2 of the present embodiment are the same as the so-called dead-end or circulation-less fuel cell system 100 shown in FIG. 3 and the efficiency of the hydrogen system in the circulation-type fuel cell system 1 shown in FIG. It is set by comparing the efficiency of the hydrogen system.
- the fuel cell system 100 shown in FIG. 3 will be briefly described.
- the difference from the fuel cell system 1 in FIG. 1 is that the fuel gas piping system 4 of the fuel cell system 100 does not include the circulation path 2 3 and the pump 2 4, and the hydrogen off gas is discharged from the fuel cell 2. This is because the purge valve 3 3 is provided in the discharge passage 25. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the fuel cell system 1 of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are given and description thereof is omitted.
- the fuel cell system 100 hydrogen gas and oxidizing gas are supplied to the fuel cell 2.
- the fuel cell system 100 opens the purge valve 33 as appropriate during operation. As a result, hydrogen concentration in the single cell of the fuel cell 2 is secured by discharging the hydrogen off gas downstream of the discharge path 25.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change of the hydrogen system loss with respect to the temperature of the fuel cell 2.
- the temperature of the fuel cell 2 is the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 47 as described above.
- the hydrogen system corresponds to the fuel gas piping system 4 in Fig. 1 and the fuel gas piping system 4 in Fig. 3. Therefore, the circulation type hydrogen system loss in FIG. 1 is the sum of the power loss of the pump 23 and the purge loss of the hydrogen off-gas due to the opening of the purge valve 33.
- the loss of the circulation-free hydrogen system in Fig. 3 consists of the purge loss of hydrogen off gas due to the opening of the purge valve 33.
- Line L 1 shown in Fig. 4 shows the loss of the hydrogen system when the pump 2 4 is driven and the purge valve 3 3 is opened and closed regardless of the temperature of the fuel cell 2 during operation of the fuel cell system 1 in Fig. 1. Is shown. Line L1 burns hydrogen system loss This shows that the battery 2 is almost constant regardless of the temperature of the battery 2.
- a curve L 2 shown in FIG. 4 shows a hydrogen system loss when the purge valve 33 is opened and closed during operation of the fuel cell system 100 in FIG.
- the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel cell 2 decreases. Therefore, in the fuel gas piping system 4 ′ in FIG. 3, in order to secure the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel cell 2, it is necessary to increase the purge amount by the purge valve 3 3 as the temperature of the fuel cell 2 rises. Therefore, curve L 2 shows that the hydrogen system loss (purge loss) increases as the temperature of fuel cell 2 increases.
- the hydrogen system loss indicated by the curve L 2 is less than that of the line L 1 up to the temperature T at which these intersect (where T ′> 0).
- the hydrogen system loss indicated by line 1 is less than that of curve L2.
- the curve L 2 is executed until the fuel gas piping system 4 reaches the temperature T ′, and after the temperature T ′. It is considered desirable to implement line L1.
- the drive of the pump 24 is stopped until the temperature T ′, and the drive of the pump 24 is started when the temperature T ”is reached.
- the temperature 1 shown in step S 2 in FIG. 2 is a temperature T
- temperature tau 2 shown in step S 4 are set to a temperature tau.
- temperature ⁇ is, for example, a solid polymer In the case of the type 2 fuel cell, the temperature is 20 ° C. to 30 ° C.
- the pump 24 is switched between driving and stopping based on the reverse temperature T. Therefore, the loss of the fuel gas piping system 4 can be further reduced, and the overall system efficiency can be further improved.
- other operational effects described in the first embodiment can be achieved, such as avoiding damage to the pump 24 due to freezing.
- the temperature and T 2 may be set to a temperature lower than the temperature T ′.
- the fuel cell system 1 according to the third embodiment will be described focusing on the differences.
- the difference from the first embodiment is that the temperature 1 ⁇ pipe 2 shown in FIG. 2 is changed. These temperatures 1 and 2 are set by comparison with the fuel cell system 100 in FIG. 3, as in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing a change in the purge amount with respect to the temperature of the fuel cell 2.
- the purge amount is the amount of hydrogen off-gas discharged downstream of the purge valve 33 as described above.
- a line L 3 shown in FIG. 5 indicates the purge amount when the fuel cell system 1 of FIG. 1 is in operation (when the pump 24 is driven).
- a line L 3 indicates that the purge amount is substantially constant regardless of the temperature of the fuel cell 2.
- a curve L 4 shown in FIG. 5 represents the purge amount during operation of the fuel cell system 100 of FIG.
- the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel cell 2 decreases. Therefore, in the fuel gas piping system 4 in FIG. 3, in order to secure the hydrogen gas concentration in the fuel cell 2, it is necessary to increase the purge amount as the temperature of the fuel cell 2 rises. Therefore, the curve L 4 shows that the purge amount increases as the temperature of the fuel cell 2 increases.
- the purge amount at that time is It is considered that the amount of purge indicated by the curve L 4 is substantially equivalent. That is, it is considered that the curve L 4 substantially indicates the purge amount when the purge valve 33 is opened and closed in the fuel gas piping system 4 with the pump 24 being stopped.
- a line L 5 shown in FIG. 5 indicates the purge amount based on the exhaust safety standard. In other words, in the design of a fuel cell system, the hydrogen off-gas purge amount must not exceed the allowable amount indicated by line L5.
- Line L 5 intersects with curve L 4 at temperature T '(temperature of ⁇ 1).
- ⁇ temperature T shown in step S 2 in FIG. 2 is a first temperature T, also shown to temperature T 2 in step S 4 is set to a temperature T ''.
- the pump 24 is switched between driving and stopping based on the temperature '.
- the purge amount can be appropriately suppressed, and the overall system efficiency can be improved.
- other effects described in the first embodiment can also be achieved, such as avoiding damage to the pump 24 due to freezing.
- temperature 1 ⁇ and 1 may be set to a temperature lower than temperature ⁇ '.
- the fuel cell system 1 of the present invention can be mounted on a train other than a two-wheeled or four-wheeled vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, a robot, or other moving objects.
- the fuel cell system 1 can be used for stationary use. System.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE112007000358.8T DE112007000358B4 (de) | 2006-02-15 | 2007-02-08 | Brennstoffzellensystem |
CN2007800056452A CN101385177B (zh) | 2006-02-15 | 2007-02-08 | 燃料电池*** |
US12/087,114 US8835066B2 (en) | 2006-02-15 | 2007-02-08 | Circulation system for a fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006038279A JP4953051B2 (ja) | 2006-02-15 | 2006-02-15 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2006-038279 | 2006-02-15 |
Publications (1)
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WO2007094380A1 true WO2007094380A1 (ja) | 2007-08-23 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2007/052657 WO2007094380A1 (ja) | 2006-02-15 | 2007-02-08 | 燃料電池システム |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8835066B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4953051B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101036263B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101385177B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112007000358B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007094380A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (9)
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WO2011021301A1 (ja) * | 2009-08-21 | 2011-02-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP5644406B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-18 | 2014-12-24 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
KR101293979B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-08-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지 스택 내 연료극의 압력 요동 제어방법 |
JP5757230B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-26 | 2015-07-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法 |
DE102014104380B3 (de) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-07-23 | Pierburg Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gebläses zur Förderung von Wasserstoff in einem Brennstoffzellensystem |
JP6168032B2 (ja) | 2014-11-14 | 2017-07-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP6237585B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-14 | 2017-11-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
JP7367611B2 (ja) | 2020-05-22 | 2023-10-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2024012923A (ja) | 2022-07-19 | 2024-01-31 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
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- 2007-02-08 US US12/087,114 patent/US8835066B2/en active Active
- 2007-02-08 CN CN2007800056452A patent/CN101385177B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-08 WO PCT/JP2007/052657 patent/WO2007094380A1/ja active Search and Examination
- 2007-02-08 KR KR1020087019632A patent/KR101036263B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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JP2003086214A (ja) * | 2001-09-06 | 2003-03-20 | Equos Research Co Ltd | 燃料電池装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2007220425A (ja) | 2007-08-30 |
DE112007000358B4 (de) | 2019-07-04 |
US8835066B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 |
US20090053566A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
KR20080094036A (ko) | 2008-10-22 |
CN101385177A (zh) | 2009-03-11 |
KR101036263B1 (ko) | 2011-05-23 |
JP4953051B2 (ja) | 2012-06-13 |
CN101385177B (zh) | 2011-06-15 |
DE112007000358T5 (de) | 2008-11-27 |
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