WO2006000356A1 - Poröses trägermaterial enthaltend isocyanat - Google Patents
Poröses trägermaterial enthaltend isocyanat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006000356A1 WO2006000356A1 PCT/EP2005/006596 EP2005006596W WO2006000356A1 WO 2006000356 A1 WO2006000356 A1 WO 2006000356A1 EP 2005006596 W EP2005006596 W EP 2005006596W WO 2006000356 A1 WO2006000356 A1 WO 2006000356A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- carrier material
- porous carrier
- isocyanate
- isocyanates
- porous
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
- C08J9/40—Impregnation
- C08J9/405—Impregnation with polymerisable compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/83—Chemically modified polymers
Definitions
- the invention preferably relates to isocyanate-inert porous support material containing between 1 and 80 wt .-%, preferably between 15 and 80 wt .-%, particularly preferably between 15 and 60 wt .-%, in particular between 15 wt .-% and 35 wt. % Isocyanate, preferably di and / or triisocyanate, based on the total weight of the porous carrier material containing the isocyanates, ie the weight including the isocyanates.
- the invention further relates to processes for the preparation of polyurethanes, the preparation being carried out in the presence of the porous support materials according to the invention, in particular processes for reacting thermoplastic polyurethanes with compounds containing isocyanate groups, the compounds having isocyanate groups being the porous ones according to the invention Carrier materials containing isocyanates used.
- the invention relates to the mixtures obtainable in this way, comprising polyurethane and support material, in particular the crosslinked thermoplastic polyurethanes obtainable in this way.
- thermoplastic polyurethanes which are also abbreviated below as TPU, is well known.
- TPUs are semi-crystalline materials and belong to the class of thermoplastic elastomers.
- ⁇ A characteristic feature of polyurethane elastomers is the segmented structure of the macromolecules. Due to the different cohesive energy densities of these segments, in the ideal case a phase separation into crystalline "hard” and amorphous "soft” regions takes place. The resulting two-phase structure determines the property profile of TPU.
- TPU To improve the property profile of TPU, it is known from the literature to introduce crosslinking into the TPU, which leads to increased strength, improved heat resistance, reduced tensile and compression set, improved resistance to all types of media, resilience and creep behavior become.
- Crosslinking by addition of isocyanates to the molten TPU is known, inter alia, as UV or electron beam crosslinking, crosslinking via siloxane groups and the formation of crosslinks.
- the reaction of a TPU preferably in the molten state with compounds containing isocyanate groups is also referred to as prepolymer crosslinking and is generally known from US Pat. No. 4,261,946, US Pat. No. 4,347,338, DE-A 41 15 508, DE-A 4 412 329, EP-A 922 719 , GB 2347933, US 61 42 189, EP-A 1 158 011.
- this method could not prevail so far in practice.
- the object of the present invention was to optimize the chemical components such that, with very good process reliability, the most pronounced crosslinking can be achieved.
- inert porous carrier material preferably containing isocyanates containing between 1 and 80% by weight, preferably between 15 and 60% by weight of isocyanates, more preferably between 15 and 40% by weight.
- Isocyanates based on the total weight of the porous support material containing the isocyanates used to crosslink TPU.
- the TPU is mixed with the carrier materials comprising the isocyanate, melted, and the isocyanates are reacted with the TPU.
- the advantage thus consists in (a) the saving of a metering device and (b) a corresponding simpler metering / handling, (c) avoidance of longer storage times of the isocyanate in air due to the protection of the carrier material, (d) higher safety at work, as spraying of the isocyanate is no longer possible and contamination is impeded by the inclusion of the isocyanate, (e) easier and better incorporation into the TPU, since the isocyanate is released slowly by the carrier material and thus the incorporation er ⁇ is facilitated.
- Another advantage is increased melt stability by the addition of the loaded carrier material.
- Microporous materials, their preparation and the loading of these materials with functionally useful liquids is known from US Pat. No. 4,247,498.
- Methods for the production of porous support materials are also disclosed in EP-A 657 489 Loading of these porous support materials with inter alia flame retardants, Weichma ⁇ chern, stabilizers in two steps is published in WO 02/46273.
- a publication which promotes the loading process and the advantage of the solid masterbatches containing liquid additives is the following: U. Heese, R. Salvel; "Polymer refinement through innovative masterbatch technology", Plastverarbeiter 44, 1993, No. 3.
- the porous carrier material is preferably based on a thermoplastic.
- the porous support material preferably has a melting point between 40 and 24O 0 C.
- Suitable support materials are, for example, the thermoplastics mentioned in WO 02/46273 on page 5, line 1 to page 6, line 3, for example polyolefin homopolymers or copolymers which may be modified, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers, styrene homopolymers , Styrolcopolymere, eg SBS, ESI, SEBS, SAN, ABS, thermoplastic condensates such as polyamide, thermoplastic polyester, polycarbonate, PET, PBT, PEN, PBN, which may also be mixtures of these plastics in question.
- the porous support material is based on polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and / or ethylvinyl acetate copolymer.
- the porous support material is preferably inert to isocyanates, i. there is hardly any or more preferably no reaction between the support material and the isocyanate groups.
- the porous support material is preferably open-celled and, without the isocyanates, has a bulk density preferably between 0.2 g / cm 3 and 0.6 g / cm 3 , more preferably between 0.25 g / cm 3 and 0.3 g / cm 3 on.
- the porous carrier material is preferably in the form of a preferably cylindrical granules with a particle diameter between 0.01 mm and 10 mm.
- isocyanates in the porous support material it is possible to use generally known isocyanates, preferably organic isocyanates, which preferably have two or three isocyanate groups, for example generally known aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and / or aromatic isocyanates, preferably diisocyanates, for example tri-, tetra -, penta-, hexa-, hepta- and / or octamethylene diisocyanate, 2-methyl-pentamethylene-diisocyanate-1, 5, 2-ethyl-butylene-diisocyanate-1, 4, penta-methylene-diisocyanate-1, 5, butylene diisocyanate 1, 4, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethyl-cyclohexane (isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI), 1, 4- and / or 1,3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohex
- MDI 2,2'-, 2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- TDI 2,4- and / or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate
- HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
- isocyanurates in particular isocyanurate with three isocyanate groups based on HDI.
- isocyanate examples include 2,2'-, 2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), a carbodiimide-modified 2,2'-, 2,4'- and / or 4,4 'Diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and / or a prepolymer based on 2,2'-, 2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI).
- MDI 2,2'-, 2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- MDI 2,2'-, 2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- isocyanate is a prepolymer based on 2,2'-, 2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), alkanediol having a molecular weight between 60 g / mol and 400 g / mol and Polyether diol having a molecular weight between 500 g / mol and 4000 g / mol.
- MDI 2,2'-, 2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- alkanediol having a molecular weight between 60 g / mol and 400 g / mol
- Polyether diol having a molecular weight between 500 g / mol and 4000 g / mol.
- the introduction of the isocyanates into the porous carrier material can be carried out in such a way that either the carrier material is prepared in the presence of the isocyanate or preferably the porous carrier material is impregnated with the preferably liquid isocyanates, the isocyanate being taken up by the carrier material.
- the mixing and impregnation can be carried out continuously or batchwise at temperatures between 0 and 100 0 C and with stirring, in general bekann ⁇ th equipment.
- the incorporation of the isocyanates into the carrier material preferably takes place with the greatest possible exclusion of moisture, both atmospheric moisture and moisture in the carrier material. This means that it may be advantageous to dry the substrate before impregnation with the isocyanate.
- thermoplastic polyurethane Preference is given to using per 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane between 1 and 30 parts by weight of carrier material containing isocyanates. Particularly preferably, the melting point of the support material is lower than the melting point of the thermoplastic polyurethane.
- the excess of isocyanate groups by the addition of the carrier material with the isocyanate ensures that these isocyanate groups during and / or after mixing of the components in a cold or preferably warm particularly preferably molten state of the components crosslinks in the form of beispiels ⁇ urethane , Allophanat-, uretdione, and / or isocyanurate and possibly form urea and Biuretitatien that lead to the improved properties of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products.
- the formation of the crosslinks can be promoted by adding catalysts which are generally known for this purpose, for example alkali metal catechamates and / or formates.
- isocyanate-reactive groups for example hydroxyl groups or primary or secondary amino groups, in particular hydroxyl groups, of the linear TPU polymer.
- These reactive groups may already be present in the TPU granules, but they are also formed in the extruder in the TPU melt, for example by thermodynamic cleavage of the polymer strand under processing conditions or else during storage or tempering of the isocyanate-rich material.
- thermoplastic polyurethane is melted in an extruder and, in the molten state, mixed with the porous support material containing the isocyanate and preferably reacted with the isocyanate.
- the granulated thermoplastic polyurethane together with the porous carrier materials can preferably be introduced into the extruder by means of a feed aid.
- the extruder preferably has a barrier screw.
- a feed aid by means of which the TPU and the carrier material containing the isocyanates are fed to the extruder, on the extruder or on the injection molding apparatus, it is possible that solid TPU granules together or separately, preferably together with the carrier materials containing the isocyanates into the extruder or to introduce the injection molding apparatus quickly and safely.
- the carrier materials are preferably introduced into the extruder at a point at which the pressure of the melt is less than 200 bar. It is particularly preferable to introduce the carrier materials together with thermoplastic polyurethanes through the intake aid to the extruder or the injection molding apparatus, i. one uses the same insertion aid for the TPU and the carrier materials.
- the extruder may be a well-known extruder such as is well known in the extrusion of TPU, e.g. a single or preferably twin-screw extruder, particularly preferably single-screw extruder with insertion aid, in particular grooved insertion aid.
- a well-known extruder such as is well known in the extrusion of TPU, e.g. a single or preferably twin-screw extruder, particularly preferably single-screw extruder with insertion aid, in particular grooved insertion aid.
- the particularly preferred embodiments according to the present invention lead to a particularly effective and economical mixing and reaction of TPU with the isocyanates contained in the Sumateri ⁇ alien.
- Feeding aids for extruders are generally known and frequently described to the person skilled in the art of extrusion.
- the intake aid is a grooved feed zone.
- Grooved feeding aids, slot nut extruders or extruders with grooved feed zone are well known to the expert in the field of extruder technology and variously described, for example in "The Extruder in the Extrusion Process - Basis for Quality and Efficiency", VDI-Verlag GmbH, Dusseldorf, 1989, ISBN 3-18-234141-3, pages 13 to 27.
- Characteristic of A grooved feed zone is the presence of longitudinal grooves in the cylinder wall which are usually substantially parallel to the longitudinal extent of the screw in the feed zone of the extruder and which, as seen in the conveying direction, usually taper conically towards the end of the feed zone.
- the grooves have a depth that is between 10% and 90% of the average particle diameter of the TPU, i. the depth of the grooves is significantly smaller than the average particle diameter of the granulated TPU.
- the grooves have a depth of between 1 mm and 8 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 5 mm.
- the grooved feed zone preferably has a length between 2 times and 4 times the screw diameter.
- the sewn-in draw-in zone preferably has between 4 and 32, particularly preferably between 4 and 16, grooves which preferably run parallel or helically, preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the extruder.
- screws generally known screws may be used, e.g. 3- or 5-zone screws. Particular advantages arise in the present process when using an extruder having a barrier screw. Barrier screws are well known in extrusion, e.g. from "The Extruder in the Extrusion Process - Basis for Quality and Efficiency", VDI-Verlag GmbH, Dusseldorf, 1989, ISBN 3-18-234141-3, pages 107 to 125, pages 139 to 143.
- the temperature of the melt in the extruder or in the injection molding apparatus, preferably the extruder, is usually between 15O 0 C to 24O 0 C, preferably between 18O 0 C to 23O 0 C.
- the residence time of the TPU in the extruder is preferably between 120 s and 600 s.
- the process product according to the invention can be processed by well-known methods into moldings of all kinds, films, hoses, cable sheathing, injection-molded articles or fibers.
- the processing temperature in the production of the films, moldings or fibers is preferably up to 150 to 23O 0 C, particularly preferably 180 to 22O 0 C.
- Processing of the mixture to the desired films, moldings and / or fibers is preferably carried out directly after or during mixing the TPU with the carrier material, since a thermoplastic processing of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products into films, moldings or fibers is preferably carried out before and / or during the formation of the crosslinks.
- Allophanate-uretdione and / or isocyanurate crosslinks may possibly be formed by hydrolysis and also urea bonds and biurets by the isocyanate groups present in excess in the polyisocyanate polyaddition products. These crosslinks lead to the very advantageous properties of the products in terms of temperature stability and the hysteresis behavior after loading.
- TPU well-known TPUs can be used.
- the TPUs can be used in the process according to the invention in customary form, for example as granules or pellets, preferably granules. TPU are well known and widely described.
- thermoplastic polyurethanes can be prepared by reacting (a) isocyanates with (b) isocyanate-reactive compounds having a molecular weight of 500 to 10,000 and optionally (c) chain extenders having a molecular weight of 50 to 499, optionally in the presence of (d) catalysts and / or (e) customary auxiliaries and / or additives.
- the starting components and processes for the preparation of the preferred TPU are to be dar ⁇ .
- the components (a), (b) and optionally (c), (e) and / or (f) usually used in the preparation of the TPU are described below by way of example:
- organic isocyanates it is possible to use generally known aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and / or aromatic isocyanates, preferably diisocyanates, for example tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta- and / or octamethylene diisocyanate , 2-Methyl-pentamethylene-diisocyanate-1, 5, 2-ethyl-butylene-diisocyanate-1, 4, pentamethylene-diisocyanate-1, 5, butylene-diisocyanate-1, 4, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5 -trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI) 1 1, 4- and / or 1, 3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane (HXDI), 1, 4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 1-methyl-2
- isocyanate-reactive compounds it is possible to use the compounds known in general to give isocyanates, for example polyesterols, polyetherols and / or polycarbonatediols, which are usually also combined under the term "polyols", with molecular ⁇ weights of 500 to 8000, preferably 600 to 6000, especially 800 to 4000, and preferably an average functionality of 1, 8 to 2.3, preferably 1, 9 to 2.2, in particular 2.
- polyether polyols more preferably such polyether polyoxyethylene based on polyoxytetramethylene glycol.
- the polyetherols have the advantage that they have a higher hydrolysis stability than polyesterols.
- chain extenders (c) it is possible to use generally known aliphatic, aliphatic, aromatic and / or cycloaliphatic compounds having a molecular weight of 50 to 499, preferably 2-functional compounds, for example diamines and / or alkanediols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkylene radical, in particular butanediol-1, 4, hexanediol-1, 6 and / or di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona- and / or decaalkylene glycols 3 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably corresponding oligo- and / or polypropylene glycols, whereby mixtures of the chain extenders can be used.
- 2-functional compounds for example diamines and / or alkanediols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkylene radical, in particular butanediol-1,
- Suitable catalysts which in particular accelerate the reaction between the NCO groups of the diisocyanates (a) and the hydroxyl groups of the constituent components (b) and (c) are the tertiary amines known and customary in the prior art; such as Triethylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N, N'-dimethylpiperazine, 2- (dimethylaminoethoxy) ethanol, diazabicyclo- (2,2,2) octane and the like, and in particular organic metal compounds such as titanic acid esters, iron compounds such as e.g. Iron (IM) acetylacetonate, tin compounds, e.g.
- IM Iron
- the catalysts are usually used in amounts of 0.0001 to 0.1 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polyhydroxy compound (b).
- auxiliaries (e) can also be added to the structural components (a) to (c). Mention may be made, for example, of surface-active substances, fillers, flame retardants, nucleating agents, oxidation stabilizers, lubricants and mold release aids, dyes and pigments, stabilizers, e.g. against hydrolysis, light, heat or discoloration, inorganic and / or organic fillers, reinforcing agents and plasticizers. Hydroxyl-protecting agents used are preferably oligomeric and / or polymeric aliphatic or aromatic carbodiimides.
- the constituent components (b) and (c) can be varied in relatively wide molar ratios.
- loading molar ratios of component (b) to total chain extenders (c) have from 10: 1 to 1:10, in particular from 1: 1 to 1: 4, the hardness of the TPU with increasing content of (c) increases.
- the reaction can be carried out using customary code numbers, preferably with a code number of 60 to 120, particularly preferably with a code number of 80 to 110.
- the code number is defined by the ratio of the total isocyanate groups of component (a) used in the reaction isocyanate-reactive groups, ie the active hydrogens, of components (b) and (c).
- an isocyanate group of component (a) has an active hydrogen atom, ie, an isocyanate-reactive function, components (b) and (c).
- Kennzah ⁇ len over 100 are more isocyanate groups than OH groups.
- the preparation of the TPU can be carried out continuously by the known processes, for example with reaction extruders or the strip process according to one-shot or the prepolymer process, or batchwise by the known prepolymer process.
- the components (a), (b) and, if appropriate, (c), (d) and / or (e) can be mixed successively or simultaneously with one another, the reaction beginning immediately.
- the constituent components (a), (b) and optionally (c), (d) and / or (e) are introduced into the extruder individually or as a mixture, for example at temperatures of from 100 to 28O 0 C, preferably 140 to 25O 0 C reacted, the resulting TPU is extruded, cooled Tar and granulated or cooled during granulation.
- the isocyanate is added to the porous materials and then stirred at 8O 0 C for 2 hours. Thereafter, the flowability was evaluated by pouring over a funnel with an outlet diameter of 2 cm. Here is 5 for very good flowability and 1 for very poor flowability. The following combinations were tested.
- Table 3 Loading of the porous materials A with the isocyanate c.
- Table 6 Loading of the porous materials B with the isocyanate c.
- the porous materials were metered into different Elastollane® in a grooved-feed extruder, l / D 25-32, and a barrier-mixing section screw whose feed zone was grooved. (Table). Ribbons of 2 mm thickness were obtained. Table 7: Extrudates obtained by adding the loaded porous materials to Elastollanen®.
- the porous materials loaded with isocyanates were mixed with various elastollanes and processed by injection molding (Table). There were obtained plates with a thickness of 2 mm.
- Table 8 Injection molded parts obtained by adding the loaded porous materials to Elastollanen®.
- Injection molded parts D1 and D11 were subjected to a hot set test (based on DIN EN 60811-2-1). The samples were loaded at 20 mm 2 cross-section at 18O 0 C with a weight of 400 g.
- Table 11 Hot set test based on DIN EN 60811-2-1 of injection molded parts.
- the injection-molded parts D1 and D11 were subjected to a stress-strain test.
- the samples produced with the addition of the loaded porous materials have a higher tensile stress at the same elongation.
- Table 12 Stress-strain values of injection-molded parts at room temperature.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112005001082T DE112005001082A5 (de) | 2004-06-25 | 2005-06-18 | Poröses Trägermaterial enthaltend Isocyanat |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200410030925 DE102004030925A1 (de) | 2004-06-25 | 2004-06-25 | Poröses Trägermaterial enthaltend Isocyanat |
DE102004030925.6 | 2004-06-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006000356A1 true WO2006000356A1 (de) | 2006-01-05 |
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ID=35169611
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2005/006596 WO2006000356A1 (de) | 2004-06-25 | 2005-06-18 | Poröses trägermaterial enthaltend isocyanat |
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DE (2) | DE102004030925A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006000356A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3867492A (en) * | 1970-06-24 | 1975-02-18 | Drostholm F H | Method of manufacturing objects containing a cavity filled with a rigid foam of polyurethane |
DE2357931A1 (de) * | 1973-11-20 | 1975-05-28 | Bayer Ag | Konstruktionsmaterial |
DE4319188A1 (de) * | 1993-06-09 | 1994-12-15 | Bayer Ag | Wärmeisolierender Körper |
EP0657489A1 (de) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-06-14 | "Brugg"-Kabel Ag | Additivbeladenes, poröses Trägermaterial |
WO2001006163A1 (en) * | 1999-07-15 | 2001-01-25 | Dayco Products, Inc. | Method for manufacturing a high performance crosslinked thermoplastic hose and a high performance crosslinked thermoplastic hose produced thereby |
-
2004
- 2004-06-25 DE DE200410030925 patent/DE102004030925A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-06-18 DE DE112005001082T patent/DE112005001082A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-06-18 WO PCT/EP2005/006596 patent/WO2006000356A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3867492A (en) * | 1970-06-24 | 1975-02-18 | Drostholm F H | Method of manufacturing objects containing a cavity filled with a rigid foam of polyurethane |
DE2357931A1 (de) * | 1973-11-20 | 1975-05-28 | Bayer Ag | Konstruktionsmaterial |
DE4319188A1 (de) * | 1993-06-09 | 1994-12-15 | Bayer Ag | Wärmeisolierender Körper |
EP0657489A1 (de) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-06-14 | "Brugg"-Kabel Ag | Additivbeladenes, poröses Trägermaterial |
WO2001006163A1 (en) * | 1999-07-15 | 2001-01-25 | Dayco Products, Inc. | Method for manufacturing a high performance crosslinked thermoplastic hose and a high performance crosslinked thermoplastic hose produced thereby |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE112005001082A5 (de) | 2007-05-24 |
DE102004030925A1 (de) | 2006-01-12 |
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