WO2005044417A1 - Tour d'extraction de matieres volatiles comportant des films descendants dans les espaces inter-grilles - Google Patents

Tour d'extraction de matieres volatiles comportant des films descendants dans les espaces inter-grilles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005044417A1
WO2005044417A1 PCT/CN2004/001194 CN2004001194W WO2005044417A1 WO 2005044417 A1 WO2005044417 A1 WO 2005044417A1 CN 2004001194 W CN2004001194 W CN 2004001194W WO 2005044417 A1 WO2005044417 A1 WO 2005044417A1
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Prior art keywords
grid
tower
devolatilization
bars
adjacent
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PCT/CN2004/001194
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Zhaoyan Liu
Jingyun Shi
Original Assignee
Zhaoyan Liu
Jingyun Shi
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Publication date
Application filed by Zhaoyan Liu, Jingyun Shi filed Critical Zhaoyan Liu
Priority to DE112004002124T priority Critical patent/DE112004002124B4/de
Priority to US10/578,758 priority patent/US7959133B2/en
Priority to JP2006538633A priority patent/JP4589929B2/ja
Publication of WO2005044417A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005044417A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D1/00Evaporating
    • B01D1/22Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F6/00Post-polymerisation treatments
    • C08F6/001Removal of residual monomers by physical means
    • C08F6/003Removal of residual monomers by physical means from polymer solutions, suspensions, dispersions or emulsions without recovery of the polymer therefrom

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gravity falling film devolatilization tower, and in particular, to a falling film devolatilization tower with a high specific interface grating and a continuously updated film surface.
  • Devolatilization is an important part of chemical production, and its task is to transfer volatile substances from the liquid phase to the gas phase.
  • the main ways to improve devolatilization efficiency include:
  • the temperature of the devolatilization system is limited by the process conditions. Reducing the vapor phase partial pressure of the volatile components can be achieved by controlling the operating pressure of the devolatilizer or using an inert gas as the carrier. .
  • devolatilizers are currently operating in industrial installations.
  • the falling film or liquid column (drop) type devolatilizer in the tube can provide a relatively large gas-liquid interface, but the interface is basically not updated, and the residence time is uncontrollable, which may affect the devolatilization effect due to insufficient time.
  • the horizontal devolatilizer equipped with single-shaft or double-shaft multi-disk (net) stirring can effectively update the interface to a certain extent and adjust the liquid level control dwell time, but the structure is too complicated and the manufacturing and operating costs are high.
  • the bottom of this type of devolatilizer must have sufficient liquid layer depth, and the static pressure head has a negative impact on the devolatilization effect.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a new type of grid-falling falling film devolatilization tower, which is characterized by a large gas-liquid interface, good renewal, all materials are in a thin film state, a simple structure, and low manufacturing and operating costs.
  • the novel grid slit falling film devolatilization tower provided by the inventor is a further improvement and expansion of the patent previously granted by the inventor ZL 97 1 21654. 1 "a grid-type polyester polycondensation tower", and its structure is obviously different from the original polycondensation tower. The film formation range is wider, the performance is more stable, and the application field is wider. It belongs to a new generation of devolatilization tower.
  • the novel grid slit falling film devolatilization tower is composed of a tower body (1), a liquid distributor (2) and a tower core (3).
  • the tower body is generally cylindrical, and the cross section may be square or rectangular when the operating pressure is low. Its function is to provide the temperature and pressure environment required by the process for devolatilization operation.
  • the tower body includes a top cover (1-1), The tower body (1-2) and the tower bottom (1-3) are connected to each other by flanges, and the tower body and the tower bottom can also be integrated.
  • the top cover is provided with a feeding port a, and the gas phase exits P c.
  • a material outlet b is provided at the bottom of the tower.
  • the top cover, the tower body, and the bottom of the tower are all provided with insulation jackets or outer coils, and one or more pairs of heat medium inlets and outlets d, e are provided.
  • various measuring instruments or other necessary interfaces can be set.
  • the liquid distributor is placed in the top cover or on the upper part of the tower and is connected with the feeding port. Its function is to evenly distribute the materials entering the tower on the grid on the first layer.
  • the cross section of the tower core is usually square, and it can also be rectangular or other shapes. Its composition includes columns (3-1) and multilayer grids (3-2).
  • the tower core can be one or multiple parallel arrays. In the barrel.
  • the function of the tower core is to make the material form a huge film surface and continuously update the film surface.
  • the pillars are generally four, usually angle steel or other section steel, and the four corners of the tower core with a square or rectangular cross section.
  • Mounting ears (3-1-1) are provided on the upper part of the column (3-1), and supporting frames (1-2-1) are provided on the upper part of the tower body (1-2).
  • the tower core is fixed in the tower body for easy disassembly; a positioning block (3-1-2) is set at the lower part of the column (3-1), and a supporting limit device (1-2-2) is provided at the lower part of the tower body to limit the tower core
  • a positioning block (3-1-2) is set at the lower part of the column (3-1)
  • a supporting limit device (1-2-2) is provided at the lower part of the tower body to limit the tower core
  • the number of tower core grid layers depends on the number of membrane surface renewal times required by the process, and is usually 2-500 layers, preferably 5-200 layers.
  • Each grid plate layer has a pair of cross beams (3-2-1), multiple (at least two) grid bars (3- 2-2), and corresponding flow guiding members (3-2-3). See Figure 2 for the typical unit configuration of the grid layer pillars, beams, bars, and diversion members.
  • the beam is located on the opposite side of the grid layer, and the height of the same layer is horizontal.
  • the direction of the beams of two adjacent grid layers is the same or staggered by 90 °, the horizontal elevation interval is called the layer distance is usually 20-500mm, preferably 40-250mm, the height of each layer can be the same Can be different.
  • the number of grid bars of each grid layer is determined according to the flow rate, viscosity of the devolatilization system and the size of the tower.
  • the direction of the grid bars is perpendicular to the beam.
  • the grid bars can be single, double or multiple parallel horizontal arrays.
  • the cross section of the grid is triangular or angled by thin metal bars. Round tubes, diamond tubes, or other cross-sectional shapes can also be used.
  • the outermost grid bar is a slanted bar or a bent bar (3- 2-2 ') with a higher straight edge, which also serves as a baffle to maintain the liquid level of the grid layer.
  • the grid and the beam are fixed by welding, and the grid can also be inserted and fixed by opening a hole in the beam.
  • the width and height of the grid depends on the rigidity. The longer the grid, the greater the width and height (mainly height), and it must be ensured that the deflection of the grid does not exceed the allowable range.
  • the width of the gap between two adjacent grid bars is called the grid gap, which is one of the keys to determine the effect of devolatilization. It should be calculated or determined experimentally based on the parameters of material viscosity, surface tension, volatile component content, flow rate and operating pressure. In high-viscosity and high-flow fields, the grids in the grid layer can be arranged in a double-row or multi-row array to improve their passing capacity. At this time, the widths of the upper and lower grids can be the same or different. If there is a large change in the viscosity or gas content of the material, the grid width or the number of grids should be adjusted gradually from top to bottom to change the grid width.
  • the diversion member is composed of a diversion (wire) net (3-2-3-1) and a top bar (3-2-3-2) functioning as a fixed diversion (wire) net, and the diversion (wire)
  • the wire can be made of metal wire, wire woven wire mesh, metal sheet, metal sheet perforated net, diamond-shaped hole net that is drawn after cutting with metal sheet, that is, steel sheet netting; if it is necessary to add or remove heat diversion in the tower
  • the net may adopt a metal corrugated tube sheet as shown in FIG. 3, that is, two corrugated sheets are merged opposite each other, and the contact parts are fixed and fixed to form a tube sheet, and the corrugated tube sheet is passed with heating or cooling medium inside.
  • the diversion (silk) net can also be made of non-metallic materials such as plastic.
  • the diversion member is parallel to the grid bar and is placed at the grid gap between the two grid bars.
  • the top bar is connected to the beam, or a hole is inserted in the beam to fix the top bar.
  • the outermost top bar (3-2-3-2 ') is heightened to double as a baffle to maintain the liquid level of the grid layer.
  • the diversion (wire) net can also be fixed directly under the grid, eliminating the need for a top bar.
  • the present invention provides an overflow film forming method, that is, the top bar is located on both sides of the grid bar to form a grid bucket. At this time, the top bar becomes an overflow weir plate, and the liquid flow rate or viscosity is relatively The liquid level in the hour bucket is lower than the top of the top bar, and the material only drops through the gap between the top bar and the top bar. If the flow or viscosity increases, part of the material overflows the top bar, falls along the outside of the top bar, and falls from the top of the bar. It is combined with the material flowing out from the gap between the top bars to drop the film along the screen.
  • This method is designed to effectively expand the range of flow and viscosity, and has greater operating flexibility.
  • the material falls through the grid gap along the diversion member by gravity to provide a huge devolatilizing interface.
  • two adjacent grid layers can be arranged in the following three ways:
  • the upper and lower grids are staggered by half the film or bucket distance:
  • Double-row grid bars are arranged in the same direction as shown in Figure 5;
  • the overflow film formation method can be arranged in the same direction to choose the following three structures:
  • the grid bars are arranged in two rows, the grid buckets are located in the lower row, and the width of the upper grid bars is not less than the width of the gap between the two grid buckets below it, as shown in ( Figure 6);
  • the upper and lower layers of the overflow film formation method are staggered:
  • the grid bars are arranged in two rows, and the width of the upper grid bars is not less than the gap between the two grid buckets located in the lower row as shown in Figure 11.
  • the falling seam falling film devolatilization tower of the present invention works like this-the material enters the tower from the feed inlet a at the top of the tower, falls uniformly into the first layer grid plate through the liquid distributor, and passes through the grid Sliding down the flow screen, the liquid film is blocked by the second layer of grids, and the liquid film is blocked by the second layer, and the liquid film is blocked by the third layer of screens, passing through this layer of grid
  • the down-flow screen drops the film, ..., until it passes through the bottom grid slit and falls to the bottom of the tower, and leaves the tower through the outlet b.
  • the gas removed from the membrane surface during the falling film passes through the narrow space between the liquid membranes and converges to the top of the tower through the arcuate area between the tower body (1) and the tower core (3), and leaves the tower from the c-port.
  • the grid layers are updated as follows:
  • the original adjacent surfaces of the two upper liquid films are sandwiched into the center of the lower liquid film, and the original center layer is exposed as the left and right film surfaces of the lower liquid film to realize the film surface update. .
  • the materials are mixed vertically and horizontally. Because the direction of the two adjacent liquid films is perpendicular, the film surface is updated.
  • the grid-slit falling film devolatilization tower provided by the invention has a wide range of uses and is suitable for viscosity
  • the liquid devolatilization of 0.2 mPa ⁇ s- 2000Pa ⁇ s can be widely used in petrochemical, fine chemical, medical, food and other industries. Compared with the traditional devolatilizer, it has the following advantages ⁇
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure of a falling film devolatilizing tower with a grid slit.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the unit configuration of the columns, beams, bars, and guide members of the grid layer.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a diversion net of a metal bellows plate.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a structure in which a single row of grid bars and upper and lower grid plates are arranged in the same direction.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which two rows of grid bars and grid layers are arranged in the same direction.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of overflow film formation, the grid bar is arranged in two rows, the grid bucket is located in the lower row, and the upper and lower grid plates are arranged in the same direction.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of overflow film formation and grid bars arranged in a single row.
  • the upper and lower grid plates are arranged in the same direction.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of overflow film formation and grid bars arranged in a single row, with upper and lower grid plate layers aligned in the same direction, and the lower portions of two adjacent diversion nets of adjacent grid buckets inclined to each other and close to each other.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the grids are arranged in a single row and the upper and lower grid plates are staggered.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which grid bars are arranged in two rows, and upper and lower grid plates are staggered.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a staggered structure of upper and lower grid layers formed by overflow film formation.
  • Example 1 High-viscosity polyester final polycondensation tower
  • the tower has a diameter of 1600mm and a height of 8000.
  • the pressure in the tower is 100Pa.
  • Out of the tower compound intrinsic viscosity 0.85.
  • Example II ethylene oxide aqueous C0 2 removal
  • the degassing tower has a diameter of 100mm, a height of 7500mm, a tower core of 620mmX 620ramX 5000, and an 80-layer grid bar is arranged in a mixed arrangement with a grid pitch of 8mm.
  • An ethylene oxide aqueous solution containing 2% carbon dioxide was introduced into the tower at a temperature of 40 ° C and a flow rate of 60,000 kg / hour. 135MPa ⁇ Tower pressure 0. 135MPa. Carbon dioxide can be removed from the ethylene oxide aqueous solution in the exit tower.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)

Description

技术领域:
本发明涉及一种重力降膜脱挥塔, 特别涉及一种膜面不断更新 的高比界面栅缝降膜脱挥塔。 背景技术:
脱挥是化工生产的一个重要环节, 其任务是把挥发性物质从液相转移 到气相。 提高脱挥效率的主要途径包括:
1、 提高脱挥体系温度;
2、 减小气相中该挥发组份的分压;
3、 加大气液界面;
4、 及时更新界面。
脱挥体系温度受制于工艺条件许可, 减小挥发组份气相分压可通过 控制脱挥器操作压力或采用惰性气体为载体来实现, 加大气液界面和界面 更新则主要取决于脱挥器结构。
目前已有多种形式的脱挥器在工业装置中运行。 管内降膜或流下 液柱 (滴) 型脱挥器能提供相当大的气液界面, 但界面基本不更新, 且停 留时间不可控,可能因时间不足影响脱挥效果。配置单轴或双轴多圆盘(网) 搅拌的卧式脱挥器虽能一定程度上有效更新界面并可调整液位控制停留时 间, 但结构过于复杂, 制造和运行成本高。 为保证成膜率, 这类脱挥器底 部必须有足够液层深度, 静压头对脱挥效果有负面影响。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是提供一种新型栅缝降膜脱挥塔, 其特点为气液界面 大, 更新好, 全部物料均处于薄膜状态, 且结构简单, 制造、 运行费用低。 本发明提供的新型栅缝降膜脱挥塔, 是发明人先期授权专利 ZL 97 1 21654. 1 "一种栅板式聚酯缩聚塔"的进一步改进和拓展, 其结构明显不同 于原缩聚塔,成膜范围更宽, 性能更稳定, 应用领域更广, 属于新一代脱挥 塔。
本发明提供的新型栅缝降膜脱挥塔由塔体(1 )、 液体分配器(2 )和塔 芯(3 )组成。 所述塔体通常为圆筒形, 操作压力较低时截面亦可为正方形 或矩形, 其功能是为脱挥操作提供工艺要求的温度和压力环境; 塔体包括 顶盖(1-1 )、 塔身 (1-2)、 塔底(1-3), 彼此以法兰连接,亦可将塔身和塔 底做成一体。 所述顶盖设进料口 a, 气相出 P c。 所述塔底设物料出口 b。 顶盖、 塔身、 塔底外均设保温夹套或外盘管, 各置一对或几对热媒进、 出 口 d、 e。 除上述接口外, 尚可设置各种检测仪表或其它必要的接口。
所述液体分配器置于顶盖内或塔身上部, 与进料口相接, 其功能为使 入塔物料均匀分布在首层栅板上。
所述塔芯截面通常为正方形, 亦可为矩形或其它形状, 其组成包括立 柱(3-1 )和多层栅板(3-2), 塔芯可以是一个, 也可以是多个平行阵列在 筒体内。 塔芯的功能是使物料形成巨大的膜面并使膜面不断更新。 所述立 柱一般为四根, 通常为角钢或其它型钢, 分立截面为正方形或矩形的塔芯 的四角。立柱(3-1 )上部设挂耳(3-1- 1 ),塔身(1-2 )上部设支撑架(1-2-1 ), 挂耳置于支撑架上方, 用螺栓连接, 把塔芯固定在塔体内, 便于拆卸; 立 柱(3-1 )下部设定位块(3-1-2), 塔体下部设配套限位装置 (1-2-2), 用 于限止塔芯底部摆动,但允许温度变化材料涨缩时塔芯在塔体内上下滑动。
所述塔芯栅板层数取决于工艺要求的膜面更新次数,通常为 2-500层, 优选 5-200层。各栅板层有一对横梁 ( 3-2-1 )、多根 (至少两根)栅条 ( 3- 2-2 ) 和对应的导流构件 (3-2-3 )。 典型的栅板层立柱、 横梁、 栅条、 导流构件 的单元配置见图 2。 所述横梁位于栅板层对边, 同一层高度呈水平状, 悍 接或用螺栓与立柱固定, 相邻两栅板层横梁的方向同向或 90°交错, 其水 平标高间隔称为层距通常为 20- 500mm, 优选 40-250mm, 各层层高可相同亦 可不同。各栅板层的栅条根数根据脱挥体系的流量、粘度及塔的大小确定, 栅条方向与横梁垂直, 栅条可单排、 双排或多排平行水平阵列。 栅条截面 为三角形或用薄金属条折成角形, 也可采用圆管、菱形管或其它截面形状。 最外侧栅条为一斜板条或有较高直边的折弯条(3- 2-2' ), 兼作保持栅板层 液位的挡板。栅条与横梁焊接固定, 也可以在横梁上开孔将栅条***固定。
所述栅条宽度及高度取决于刚性, 栅条越长, 宽度及高度 (主要是高 度) 越大, 必须保证栅条挠度不超过许可范围。 相邻两栅条间缝隙宽度称 栅缝是决定脱挥效果的关键之一, 应根据物料粘度、 表面张力、 挥发性组 分含量以及流量和操作压力等参数计算或实验确定。 在高粘度、 高流量场 合, 可将栅板层中诸栅条呈双排或多排阵列, 提高其通过能力; 此时, 上、 下层栅条宽度可相同, 亦可不同。 如物料粘度或含气量有较大变化, 则应 从上到下逐渐调整栅条宽度或栅条根数以改变栅缝宽度。
所述导流构件由导流(丝) 网 (3-2-3-1 )和起固定导流(丝) 网作用 的顶条(3-2-3-2 )组成, 导流(丝) 网可采用金属丝、 金属丝编织网、 金 属薄板、金属薄板冲孔网、用金属薄板切缝后拉制的菱形孔网即钢板拉网; 如需在塔内补加或移走热量导流网可采用如图 3所示的金属波纹管板, 即 将两张波紋板相对并合, 接触处碰悍固定组成管板, 波紋管板内通加热或 冷却介质。 如操作温度低, 导流 (丝) 网亦可采用塑料等非金属材料。 导 流构件与栅条平行, 置于两栅条间栅缝处, 其顶条与横梁悍接, 或在横梁 上开孔将顶条嵌入固定。 最外侧顶条 (3-2-3-2 ' ) 加高兼作保持栅板层液 位的挡板。 导流 (丝) 网也可以直接固定在栅条下方省去顶条。
为进一步扩大脱挥操作弹性, 本发明提供了一种溢流式成膜方式, 即 顶条位于栅条两侧组成栅斗, 此时顶条成为溢流堰板, 液体流量或粘度较 小时栅斗内液位低于顶条顶部, 物料仅穿过栅条和顶条间缝隙降膜, 如流 量或粘度加大, 部分物料溢过顶条, 顺顶条外侧降落, 和从栅条与顶条间 缝隙流出的物料合并沿丝网降膜, 该方式设计有效扩大了流量、 粘度适应 范围, 操作弹性更大。
在每层栅板中, 物料凭重力穿过栅缝沿导流构件降膜, 提供巨大的脱 挥界面。
为更新界面, 相邻两栅板层可采用以下三种布置:
甲、 同向排列, 上、 下层栅条错开半个膜距或斗距:
1、 单排栅条同向排列如 (图 4) 所示;
2、 双排栅条同向排列如 (图 5) 所示;
3、 溢流成膜方式同向排列可选择以下三种结构:
1 ) 栅条双排设置, 栅斗位于下排, 上排栅条宽不小于位于其下 方的两栅斗间间隙宽度, 如 (图 6) 所示;
2) 取消上排栅条, 相邻两栅斗间间隙小于栅斗宽度, 如 (图 7 ) 所示;
3) 取消上排栅条, 相邻两栅斗的导流 (丝) 网的下部彼此倾斜, 相互靠拢如 (图 8) 所示;
乙、 交错排列:
1、 单排栅条上下层交错排列如 (图 9) 所示;
2、 双排栅条上下层交错排列如 (图 10) 所示;
3、 溢流成膜方式上下层交错排列: 栅条双排设置, 上排栅条宽不小 于位于其下排的两栅斗间间隙如 (图 11 ) 所示。
丙、 甲、 乙两种方式混用。
本发明的栅缝降膜脱挥塔是这样工作的- 物料从塔顶进料口 a入塔, 经液体分配器均匀落入首层栅板, 穿过栅 缝顺导流丝网降膜, 液膜受第二层栅条阻挡, 穿过该层栅缝顺导流丝网降 膜, 液膜又受第三层栅条阻挡, 穿过该层栅缝顺导流丝网降膜, ……, 直 至穿过最底层栅缝落入塔底, 经出料口 b离塔。
降膜过程中从膜面脱除的气体穿过液膜间的窄缝空间经塔体(1 )与塔 芯 (3 ) 之间的弓形区域汇向塔顶, 从 c口离塔。
各栅板层是这样实现膜面更新的:
1、 相邻两层栅条错开半个膜距或栅斗距同向排列:
沿上层导流丝网降落的液膜刚好落在下层栅条的角顶被劈成 两半, 相邻两上层液膜的左右两半在其间栅缝处汇合后穿过该层栅缝顺导 流丝网降膜, 在上述液膜分合过程, 两片上层液膜原相邻表面被夹入下层 液膜中央, 原中心层则被暴露为下层液膜的左右膜面, 实现膜面更新。
2、 相邻两层栅条 90交错:
在每层栅板, 物料纵横混合, 因相邻两层液膜方向垂直, 实现 膜面更新。
本发明提供的栅缝降膜脱挥塔用途极广, 适用于粘度
0. 2mPa · s- 2000Pa · s 的液体脱挥, 可广泛用于石油化工、 精细化工、 医 药、 食品等行业。 与传统脱挥器比较具有以下优点-
1、 脱挥界面大, 单位体积物料拥有的脱挥面积高;
2、 界面更新充分;
3、 操作弹性大, 脱挥效率高;
4、 适用范围广, 可用于粘度为 0. 2mPa · s-2000Pa · s的物料 脱挥。
5、 无流动死角, 无轴向返混;
6、 全部物料均为薄膜态, 避免了静压头对脱挥效果的负面 影响。 7、 结构简单、 维修方便、 制造及运行费用低。
附图说明
图 1为栅缝降膜脱挥塔结构剖面示意图。
图 2为栅板层的立柱、 横梁、 栅条、 导流构件的单元配置示意图。 图 3为金属波纹管板导流网示意图。
图 4为单排栅条、 上下栅板层同向排列结构示意图。
图 5为双排栅条、 上下栅板层同向排列结构示意图。
图 6为溢流成膜、 栅条双排设置、 栅斗位于下排, 上、 下栅板层 同向排列结构示意图。
图 7为溢流成膜、 栅条单排设置, 上、 下栅板层同向排列结构示 意图。
图 8为溢流成膜、 栅条单排设置, 上、 下栅板层同向排列、 相邻 栅斗的两相邻导流网下部彼此倾斜、 相互靠拢的结构示意图。
图 9为栅条单排设置, 上、 下栅板层交错排列结构示意图。
图 10为栅条双排设置, 上、 下栅板层交错排列结构示意图。
图 11为溢流成膜, 上、 下栅板层交错排列结构示意图。
具体实施方式: 本发明用下列实施例来进一步说明本发明, 但本 发明保护范围并不限于以下实施例。
实施例一: 高粘聚酯终縮聚塔
塔径 1600mm, 高 8000醒。 塔芯 1000mm X 1000mm X 6000mm, 设 80层 条, 交错垂直, 溢流式, 顶层栅距 15ram, 底层栅距 37. 5誰。 入塔预聚物 性粘度 0. 3, 温度 285°C, 流量 2500公斤 /小时。 塔内压力 100Pa。 出塔 合物特性粘度 0. 85。
实施例二: 环氧乙烷水溶液脱 C02
环氧乙烷水溶液水合 反应前须脱除 C02, 避免腐蚀设备。 脱气塔直径 lOOOmm, 高 7500讓, 塔芯 620mmX 620ramX 5000醒, 设置 80层栅条, 混合排列, 栅距 8mm。 含 2%二氧化碳的环氧乙烷水溶液入塔,温度 40Ό,流量 60, 000公斤 /小时。 塔内压力 0. 135MPa。 出塔环氧乙烷水溶液中二氧化碳可脱净。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种栅缝降膜脱挥塔由塔体(1 )、 液体分配器(2)和塔芯 (3 )组 成,其特征在于所述塔体为圆筒形、正方形或矩形;所述塔芯包括立柱(3-1 ) 和多层栅板 (3-2), 四根立柱分立截面为正方形或矩形的塔芯的四角, 塔 芯可以是一个, 也可以是多个平行阵列在筒体内; 栅板层数为 2-500层, 相邻两栅板层的层距为 20-500mm, 各栅板层有一对横梁(3-2-1 )、 多根栅 条 (3-2-2) 和对应的导流构件 (3-2-3 ), 横梁位于栅板层对边, 同一高度 呈水平状固定在立柱上; 栅条方向与横梁垂直, 可单排、 双排或多排水平、 平行阵列固定在横梁上, 栅条截面为三角形、 用薄金属条折成的角形、 园 管或其它截面形状; 导流构件由导流网 (3-2-3-1 ) 和起固定导流网作用的 顶条 (3-2-3-2) 组成, 导流构件与栅条平行, 置于两栅条的栅缝间, 其顶 条固定在横梁上;所述栅板层的最外侧栅条为一斜板条或为一有较高直边 的折弯条 (3-2-2'), 兼作保持栅板层液位的挡板; 或所述栅板层最外侧导 流构件的顶条加高兼则作保持栅板层液位的挡板。
2、根据权利要求 1的一种栅缝降膜脱挥塔, 其特征在于所述立柱上部 设挂耳 (3-1-1 ), 塔身 (1-2 ) 上部设支撑架 (1-2-1 ), 挂耳置于支撑架上 方, 用螺栓连接, 把塔芯(3 ) 固定在塔体内; 立柱下部设定位块(3-1-2), 塔身下部设限位装置 (1-2-2) 用于限止塔芯底部摆动。
3、根据权利要求 1的一种栅缝降膜脱挥塔, 其特征在于所述多层栅板 层数 (3-2) 为 5-200层, 相邻两栅板层的栅距为 40— 250mm。
4、根据权利要求 1的一种栅缝降膜脱挥塔, 其特征在于相邻两栅板层 栅条排列方式为: a、 同向排列, 但上、 下层栅条错开半个膜距; b、 上、 下层栅条 90°交错排列; c、 同向与 90°交错混合排列。
5、根据权利要求 1的一种栅缝降膜脱挥塔,其特征在于所述导流(丝) 网为金属丝、 金属丝编织网、 金属薄板、 金属薄板冲孔网、 钢板拉网、 金 属波纹管板或非金属材料网;导流(丝) 网也可直接固定在栅条下方, 省去 顶条。
6、根据权利要求 5的一种栅缝降膜脱挥塔, 其特征在于所述金属波纹 管板为将两张金属波紋板相对并合, 接触处碰焊固定组成管板, 管板内通 加热或冷却介质。
7、 根据权利要求 1 的一种栅缝降膜脱挥塔, 其特征为采用溢流式成 膜, 顶条位于栅条两侧组成栅斗, 顶条成为溢流堰板。
8、 根据权利要求 7的一种栅缝降膜脱挥塔, 其特征为相邻两栅斗的 相邻两顶条上方设一栅条, 栅条宽度不小于其下方两顶条间的间距, 相邻两栅板层栅斗 (条) 90°交错或者同向排列、 但错开半个栅斗距。
9、 根据权利要求 7的一种栅缝降膜脱挥塔, 其特征为相邻两栅板层 栅斗同向单排阵列但错开半个栅斗距, 相邻两栅斗的相邻两顶条间的间 距小于同一栅斗两侧顶条间间距或相邻两栅斗的相邻两导流 (丝) 网向内 折拢。
10、 根据权利要求 1 的一种栅缝降膜脱挥塔, 其特征在于所述栅板层 的栅条从上到下各层栅缝宽度递增。
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