WO2005028453A1 - フェニル酢酸誘導体、その製造方法および用途 - Google Patents
フェニル酢酸誘導体、その製造方法および用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005028453A1 WO2005028453A1 PCT/JP2004/014137 JP2004014137W WO2005028453A1 WO 2005028453 A1 WO2005028453 A1 WO 2005028453A1 JP 2004014137 W JP2004014137 W JP 2004014137W WO 2005028453 A1 WO2005028453 A1 WO 2005028453A1
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- acetic acid
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- C07D263/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D263/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D263/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/42—Oxazoles
- A61K31/421—1,3-Oxazoles, e.g. pemoline, trimethadione
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- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/42—Oxazoles
- A61K31/422—Oxazoles not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/425—Thiazoles
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- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4439—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
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- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
- A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/454—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pimozide, domperidone
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- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D417/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
Definitions
- Phenylacetic acid derivative its production method and use
- the present invention relates to a phenylacetic acid derivative useful for treating hyperlipidemia and the like, a method for producing the same, and a use thereof.
- PPAR Peroxisome Proliferator Activated eceptor
- cDNA is cloned from various animal species, and several isoform genes are found. In mammals, ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ are known (J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. ., 51, 157 (1994); Gene Expr., 4, 281 (1995); Biochem Biophys. Res. Commun., 224, 431 (1996); Mol. Endocrinol., 6, 1634 (1992)).
- y type is mainly expressed in adipose tissue, immune cells, adrenal gland, spleen, and small intestine
- ⁇ type is mainly expressed in adipose tissue, liver, and retina
- ⁇ type is universal without mainly showing tissue specificity (See Endocrinology., 137, 354 (1996)).
- thiazolidine derivatives such as pioglitazone, ciglitazone, rosiglitazone, and troglitazone are known as therapeutic agents for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and are used for correcting hypoglycemia in diabetic patients. Medicine.
- NIDDM non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- it is a compound that has been shown to be extremely promising as an insulin sensitizer because it is effective in correcting or improving hyperinsulinemia, improving glucose tolerance, and lowering serum lipids.
- PPAR ⁇ One of the intracellular target proteins of these thiazolidine derivatives is PPAR ⁇ , which has been found to increase the transcriptional activity of PPAR ⁇ (Endocrinology., 137, 4189 (1996); Cell., 83, 803 (1995); Cell., 83, 813 (1995); J. Biol. Chem., 270, 12953 (1995)). Therefore, PPAR y activators (agonists) that increase the transcriptional activity of PPAR y are considered promising as hypoglycemic and / or lipid lowering agents.
- PP AR ⁇ Agonisuto the PP AR y protein own expression from a child, which is known to enhance (Genes & Dev., See 1Q, 974 (1996)), to the activity I spoon the PP AR ⁇
- drugs that increase the expression of PPAR0 protein itself are considered to be clinically useful.
- the nuclear receptor PP AR ⁇ is involved in adipocyte differentiation (see J. Biol. Chem., 272, 5637 (1997); Cell., 83, 803 (1995)), and is a thiazolidin that can activate it. Derivatives are known to promote adipocyte differentiation. Recently, it has been reported in humans that thiazolidine derivatives increase body fat and cause weight gain and obesity (see Lancet., MS, 952 (1997)). Based on these factors, agonists of PPAR ⁇ (agonist) and the expression of the protein itself can be increased. ⁇ ⁇ ARy protein expression enhancers have hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects.
- disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism eg, diabetes, hyperlipidemia (hypercholesterolemia), low HD L (high density lipoprotein) blood, high LDL (low density lipoprotein) blood , High TG (triglyceride) blood, etc.
- arteriosclerosis cardiovascular disease, obesity, metabolic syndrome, etc.
- hypertension cardiovascular disease, etc.
- fibrate compounds such as clofibrate
- fibrate compounds are known as lipid-lowering drugs, but it has also been found that one of the intracellular target proteins of fibrate compounds is PPAR ⁇ (Nature., 347, 645 (1990); J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 51, 157 (1994); Biochemistry., 32, 5598 (1993)). From these facts, PPAR agonists are considered to have lipid lowering, and are expected to be useful as preventive and / or therapeutic agents for hyperlipidemia and the like.
- PPARa has an anti-obesity effect as a biological activity involved therein (see pamphlet of W097 / 36579).
- agonists of PPAR ⁇ promote the metabolism of lipids (cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride, etc.) (see J. Lipid Res.,, 17, (1998)).
- HDL high lipoprotein
- LDL low density lipoprotein
- VLDL very low density lipoprotein
- agonists that activate PPAR ⁇ ⁇ PPARa protein expression enhancers that enhance the expression of PPAR ⁇ protein itself have a lipid-lowering effect.
- hyperlipidemia hypercholesterolemia, low HDL blood, high LDL blood, hypertriglyceridemia, etc.
- arteriosclerosis cardiovascular disease, obesity, metapolitic syndrome, etc.
- hypertension cardiovascular It is expected to be useful as a prophylactic and / or therapeutic agent for systemic diseases.
- P PARS is sometimes referred to as PPARj3, or NUC1 in humans.
- hNUClB a PPAR subtype different from human NUC1 by 1 amino acid
- HDL high-density lipoprotein
- agonists capable of activating P PAR ⁇ may be reduced in foam cells due to, for example, HDL cholesterol elevating action and LDL lowering action, and may be used in, for example, disorders of lipid metabolism (eg, hyperlipidemia (hypercholesterolemia). , Hypo-HDL, hyper-LDL, hyper-TGemia, etc.), arteriosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, obesity, metabolic syndrome, etc.), hypertension, cardiovascular disease, etc. It is expected to be useful as an agent.
- PPARS activity increases fatty acid acidity, especially in skeletal muscle (see Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 15924 (2003)). This also indicates that PPARS agonists are useful for improving lipid metabolism disorders and treating obesity.
- PPAR ⁇ agonist is useful as a prophylactic and / or therapeutic agent for skin inflammatory diseases (eg, dermatitis (atopic dermatitis, etc.), erythroderma dermatitis, pruritus, etc.), and for wounds (eg, burns) , Trauma, etc.) are also expected to be effective as treatment enhancers.
- skin inflammatory diseases eg, dermatitis (atopic dermatitis, etc.), erythroderma dermatitis, pruritus, etc.
- wounds eg, burns
- abnormal myelin coating of the corpus callosum was observed in PPAR ⁇ -deficient mice (see Mol. Cell Biol., 20, 5119 (2000)), and PPAR S agonist prevented and / or prevented certain neurological diseases. It may be useful as a therapeutic.
- some PPARy agonists have reported liver damage to some drugs, and caution is required when using them as pharmaceuticals.
- a 2A is a 1 O— group
- a 3A is a CH group and the like
- nA is 1 to 5
- R 1A is a halogen atom, a trihalomethyl group, a trihalomethoxy group and the like
- R 2A is C 1 to 4 alkyl group, a trihalomethyl group or the like
- R 3A Is a hydrogen atom, C 1-8 alkyl group, etc .
- R 4A is one A 4A — CR 8A R 9A _COOR 7A group, etc.
- An object of the present invention is to develop a safe PPAR agonist that is useful as a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia or the like and has reduced side effects.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and as a result, among the compounds represented by the general formula (A), the compounds represented by the following general formula (I) have extremely low toxicity, In particular, they found that hepatotoxicity could be avoided, and completed the invention.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a C 1-8 alkyl group, a halogen atom, a C 1-4 alkoxy group, a nitro group, a trihalomethyl group, a trihalomethoxy group, a trihalomethylthio group , (wherein, R 7 and R 8 each independently represent.
- a hydrogen atom or a C 1 to 4 alkyl group Shiano group, C L ⁇ 4 alkylthio or NR 7 R 8 group represents, R 3 represents a C 1-8 alkyl group or a phenyl group which may be substituted by 1 to 3 halogen atoms; R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1 to 8 alkyl group; R 5 and R 6 Waso respectively independently, a hydrogen atom, or represents a C 1 to 4 alkyl groups, or R 5 and R 6 form a connexion carbocycle such together with the adjacent carbon atoms X represents a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom which may have a substituent. And ring A represents a cyclic group which may have a substituent, a compound thereof, a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof,
- the cyclic group which may have a substituent represented by ring A is 4- (triphenylomethyl) phenyl group, 4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl group, 4- (trifluoromethyl) piperidine-1-yl Group, 2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group, 4-phenylbiperidine-11-yl group, 4-pheninolepiperazine-1-yl group, 1,3-dihydro-12H-isoindole-12-yl group, 4- (4-chlorophenyl) piperazine-1-yl group, or 3,4-
- the compound described in the above item 1 which is a dihydro 1H-isoquinoline-12-yl group,
- the cyclic group which may have a substituent represented by ring A is 4- (trifluoromethyl) piperidine-1-inole group, 2,2-diphnooleol 1,3-benzobenzoxol-5-inole 2.
- the compound according to the above 2 which is a group or a 3,4-dihydro 1 H-isoquinoline 12-yl group,
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound represented by the general formula (I) according to the above item 1, a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof,
- composition according to the above item 5 which is a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for PPAR-mediated disease
- the C 1 to 8 alkyl group shown is in R ⁇ R 2 and R 4, for example, methylcarbamoyl Honoré, Echiru, n -. Puropinore, isopropylidene Honoré, n- butyl / Les, Isobuchinore, sec- butyl, tert- heptyl And linear and branched alkyl groups such as pentyl, hexyl, heptyl and octyl groups.
- halogen atom represented by R 1 and R 2 examples include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
- Examples of the C 1-4 alkoxy group represented by R 1 and R 2 include linear groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy and tert-butoxy groups. And branched alkoxy groups.
- Examples of the trihalomethyl group represented by R 1 and R 2 include a methyl group tri-substituted by an iodine atom, a bromine atom, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.
- Examples of the trihalomethoxy group represented by R 1 and R 2 include a methoxy group tri-substituted by an iodine atom, a bromine atom, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.
- Examples of the trihalomethylthio group represented by R 1 and R 2 include a methylthio group tri-substituted by an iodine atom, a bromine atom, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.
- Examples of the C 1-4 alkylthio group represented by R 1 and R 2 include straight-chains such as methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, isopropylthio, n-butylthio, isobutylthio, sec-butylthio, tert-butylthio and the like. And branched alkylthio groups.
- Examples of the C 1-4 alkyl group represented by R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl and the like. And straight-chain and branched alkyl groups.
- C 1-8 alkyl group in the “C 1-8 alkyl group optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms” for R 3 , for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propynole, isopropyl
- halogen atoms for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propynole, isopropyl
- examples thereof include linear and branched alkyl groups such as nore, n-butynole, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, and octyl groups.
- halogen atom in the “C 1-8 alkyl group optionally substituted with 1 to 3 halogen atoms” for R 3 include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
- Examples of the carbon ring formed by R 5 and R 6 taken together with the adjacent carbon atom include C 3-10 saturated carbon atoms.
- Examples of the C3-10 saturated carbocycle include cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclononane, cyclodecane, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cyclopentadiene, cyclohexagene And the like.
- the “cyclic group” in the “cyclic group optionally having substituent (s)” represented by ring A includes, for example, a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring.
- the carbocycle include C 3 to C 15 monocyclic, bicyclic, tricyclic carbocyclic and bridged carbocyclic rings.
- Examples of the C 3 to C 15 monocyclic, bicyclic, tricyclic carbocyclic and bridged carbocyclic rings include cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, and cyclohexyl.
- heterocyclic ring examples include a 4- to 18-membered monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic aromatic containing 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms, 1 to 2 oxygen atoms and Z or 1 sulfur atom.
- a heterocyclic ring or a partially or entirely saturated heterocyclic ring is exemplified.
- a 4- to 18-membered monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic aromatic heterocyclic heterocycle containing 1-4 nitrogen atoms, 1-2 oxygen atoms and ⁇ Z or one sulfur atom, or Examples of those partially or wholly saturated include pyrrole, imidazole, triazole, tetrazole, pyrazole, pyridin, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, azepine, diazepine, furan, pyran, oxepin, thiophene, thiopyran, cepin, oxazole.
- Examples of the “substituent” in the “cyclic group optionally having substituent (s)” represented by ring A include a Cl-8 alkyl group (eg, methyl, ethyl, n-propynole, isopropynole, n —Putinole, isoptinole, sec-butylinole, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, etc., linear or branched alkyl groups, etc.), halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine)
- a C-4 alkoxy group for example, straight-chain and branched alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy groups, etc.
- Nitro group, trihalomethyl group for example, tri-substit
- carbocycle and the heterocycle in the “carbocycle optionally having substituent (s)” and “heterocycle optionally having substituent (s)” which are the substituents are those in the cyclic group represented by ring A.
- Examples of the substituent in the “carbocycle optionally having a substituent” and the “heterocycle optionally having a substituent” which are substituents include, for example, a Cl-8 alkyl group (for example, methyl , Ethyl, n-propyl, isopropynole, n-butynole, isoptinole, sec-butynole, tert-butynole, pentynole, linear or branched alkyl groups such as hexyl, heptyl, octyl, etc.), halogen Atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine), Cl-4 alkoxy groups (for example, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isoptoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy groups, etc.) A chain-like alkoxy group,
- a Cl-4 alkylthio group
- Examples of the substituent in the “nitrogen atom which may have a substituent” represented by X include a Cl-8 alkyl group (for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propynole, isopropynole, n-butyl).
- / Re isopti / re, sec-butinore, tert-butinore, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl and other linear or branched alkyl groups, etc.
- arylalkyl groups for example, benzyl, A phenyl group), a phenyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group (tert-butoxycarbonyl group) and the like.
- the alkyl group, the alkenyl group, the alkynyl group, the alkoxy group, the alkylthio group, the alkylene group, the alkenylene group and the alkynylene group include straight-chain and branched-chain ones.
- isomers E, Z, cis, trans
- isomers due to the presence of asymmetric carbon (R, S, H, / 3 configuration, enantiomer, diastereomer)
- Optically active substance with optical activity D, L, d, 1 body
- polar form high polar form, low polar form
- salts of the compounds represented by formula (I) are Is included.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are preferably non-toxic and water-soluble. Suitable salts include, for example, salts of alkali metals (potassium, sodium, lithium, etc.), salts of alkaline earth metals (calcium, magnesium, etc.), and ammonium salts (tetramethylammonium salt, tetrabutylammonium salt).
- organic amines triethynoleamine, methinoleamine, dimethylamine, cyclopentylamine, benzylamine, phenethylamine, piperidine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, tris (hydroxymethyl) methylamine, lysine, arginine, N— Methyl-D-glucamine, etc.), acid adduct salts (inorganic acid salts (hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, etc.), organic acid salts (acetic acid Salt, trifluoroacetate, lactate, tartrate, oxalate, Malate, maleate, benzoate, citrate, methanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, toluenesulfonate, isethionate, glucuronate, dalconate, etc.) Etc.).
- the N-oxide of the compound represented by the general formula (I) means a compound represented by the general formula (I) in which a nitrogen atom is oxidized. Further, the N-oxide form of the compound of the present invention may be the above-mentioned alkali (earth) metal salt, ammonium salt, organic amine salt, or acid addition salt.
- Suitable solvates of the compound represented by the general formula (I) include, for example, solvates such as water and alcohol solvents (such as ethanol). Preferably, the solvate is non-toxic and water-soluble.
- the solvates of the compound of the present invention also include the solvates of the compound of the present invention such as alkali (earth) metal salts, ammonium salts, organic amine salts, acid adduct salts, and N-oxides. .
- the compound of the present invention can be converted into the above-mentioned salt, the above-mentioned N-oxide form, and the above-mentioned solvate by a known method.
- the prodrug of the compound represented by the general formula (I) is an enzyme or a A compound which is converted into a compound represented by the general formula (I) by a reaction with stomach acid or the like.
- a prodrug of the compound represented by the general formula (I) for example, when the compound represented by the general formula (I) has an amino group, a compound in which the amino group is acylated, alkylated or phosphorylated ( For example, when the amino group of the compound represented by the general formula (I) is converted to an eicosanoyl group, an alanyl group, a pentylamino group, a ponylamino group, a (5-methyl-12-oxo-1,1,3-dioxolen-14-inole) methoxycarbonyl group, Tetrahydrofuranylation, pyrrolidylmethylation, pivaloyloxymethylation, acetoxymethylation, tert-butylated compound, etc.); when the compound represented by
- the prodrug of the compound represented by the general formula (I) may be a hydrate or a non-hydrate. Further, prodrugs of the compound represented by the general formula (I) are described in Hirokawa Shoten, 1990, “Development of Pharmaceuticals”, Vol. 7, “Molecular Design,” pp.
- the compound may change to the compound represented by the general formula (I) under physiological conditions.
- the compound represented by the general formula (I) may be labeled with an isotope (eg, 3 H, 14 C, 35 S, 125 I, etc.).
- the PPARagonist II antagonists of the present invention include all modes of action, ie, PPAR ⁇ , y, ⁇ , ⁇ + y ⁇ + ⁇ , ⁇ + ⁇ , and ⁇ + ⁇ + ⁇ agonists and antagonists.
- the preferred mode of action of the present invention is a P PAR ⁇ agonist.
- R 1 or R 2 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a Cl-8 alkyl group, or a halogen atom, and more preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a fluorine atom.
- R 3 is preferably a C 1-5 alkyl group, a C 1-2 alkyl group substituted with 1 to 3 halogen atoms, or a phenyl group, and more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a propyl group. Isopropyl, butyl, tert-butynole, pentyl, phenyl or 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl.
- R 4 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a C 1-4 alkyl group, and more preferably a hydrogen atom, a methynole group or an ethyl group.
- R 5 and R 6 are preferably a hydrogen atom or a C 1-4 alkyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom.
- carbocyclic ring R 5 and R 6 are connection formed such together with the carbon atom adjacent is a C. 3 to 7 saturated carbocyclic ring, more preferably a cyclopropane, consequent Robutan or cyclopentane ring.
- X is preferably a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom, more preferably It is a sulfur atom.
- the carbocycle represented by ring A is preferably a C3-10 monocyclic or bicyclic carbocycle, more preferably cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclononane , Cyclodecane or a benzene ring, more preferably a benzene ring.
- the heterocyclic ring represented by ring A is preferably a 5- to 10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic ring containing 1-2 nitrogen atoms, 1-2 oxygen atoms and zo or one sulfur atom.
- the aromatic heterocycle or a part or all of the aromatic heterocycle is saturated, and more preferably piperidine, piperazine, 1,3-benzodioxole, 1,3-dihydro- 1 H-isoindole, 3,4- Dihydro-1H-isoquinoline and 3,6-dihydro-12H-pyridine rings, and particularly preferred are piberidine and piperazine rings.
- the substituent in the “optionally substituted cyclic group” represented by ring A is preferably a halogen atom, a trihalomethyl group, a trihalomethoxy group, a trihalomethylthio group, or a substituent.
- a phenyl group (wherein, a halogen atom, a C 1-4 alkyl group, a C 1-4 alkoxy group as a substituent), a pyridyl group which may have a substituent, a phenyl group, a phenyl group, and a furyl group; More preferably, a fluorine atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a trifluoromethoxy group, a trifluoromethylthio group, a phenyl group, a pyridine-12-yl group, a 4-chlorophenyl group, a 4-phenylenophenyl group, 3-funolelopheninole group, thiophene-2-yl group, thiophene-3-yl group, furan-2-yl group, 4-methylphenyl group, 4-methoxyphenyl group, 5 It is a triflate Ruo b methylpyridine one 2-I le group.
- the compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (I) can be prepared by a known method, for example, a method described below, a method described in Examples, or Transformations: It can be produced by using a combination of methods described in A Guide to Functional Group Preparations, 2nd Edition (Richard C. Larock, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1999). In each of the following production methods, the starting compound may be used as a salt. As such salts, those described as the salts of the aforementioned general formula (I) are used.
- the compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (I) has the general formula ( ⁇ )
- Equation (1-1) (In the formula, R 13 represents a C 1-8 alkyl group or a carboxyl group-protecting group, and other symbols have the same meanings as described above.). Equation (1-1)
- This Mitsunobu reaction includes, for example, organic solvents (eg, dichloromethane, Among ezino compounds, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, benzene, tonolene, etc., azo compounds (getyl azodicarboxylate (DE AD), diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 1,1,1- (azodicarbonyl) dipiperidine (AD DP) , 1,1, -azobis (N, N-dimethylformamide), etc.) and phosphine compounds (eg, triphenylphosphine, tributylphosphine, trimethinolephosphine, polymer support triphenylenolephosphine, etc.) and the corresponding alcohol compounds And at a temperature of 0 to 60 ° C.
- organic solvents eg, dichloromethane, Among ezino compounds, tetrahydro
- Examples of the carboxyl-protecting group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an aryl group, a t-butyl group, a trichloroethyl group, a benzyl (Bn) group, a phenacinole group, a p-methoxybenzyl group, a trityl group, and a 2-chloro group.
- Examples include an oral trityl group or a solid support to which those groups are bonded.
- the protecting group for the carboxyl group is not particularly limited as long as it is a group other than those described above that can be easily and selectively eliminated. For example, those described in Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (T. W. Greene, dohn Wiley & Sons Inc, 1999) are used.
- Deprotection reactions of carboxyl groups include, for example, (1) alkali hydrolysis, (2) deprotection under acidic conditions, (3) deprotection by hydrogenolysis, and (4) silyl.
- a deprotection reaction of a group (5) a deprotection reaction using a metal, and (6) a deprotection reaction using a metal complex.
- the deprotection reaction by alkali hydrolysis is performed, for example, in an organic solvent (eg, methanol, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc.) in a hydroxide of an alkali metal (eg, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, etc.).
- Alkaline earth metal hydroxides eg, barium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, etc.
- carbonates eg, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, etc.
- the deprotection reaction under acid conditions is performed, for example, in an organic solvent (eg, dichloromethane, chloroform, dioxane, ethyl acetate, anisol, etc.)
- acetic acid trifluoroacetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-tosylic acid, etc.
- inorganic acid eg, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, etc.
- a mixture thereof eg, hydrogen bromide Z-acetic acid, etc.
- Deprotection reactions by hydrogenolysis include, for example, solvents (for example, ethers (tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethyloxetane, getyl ether, etc.), alcohols (methanol, ethanol, etc.), benzenes (benzene, Toluene, etc., ketones (acetone, methylethyl ketone, etc.), nitriles (acetonitrile, etc.), amides (dimethylformamide, etc.), water, ethyl acetate, acetic acid or a mixture of two or more of them
- a catalyst for example, palladium-carbon, palladium black, palladium hydroxide, platinum oxide, Raney nickel, etc.
- a catalyst for example, palladium-carbon, palladium black, palladium hydroxide, platinum oxide, Raney nickel, etc.
- the deprotection reaction of the silyl group is performed at a temperature of 0 to 40 ° C. using tetrabutylammonium fluoride in a water-miscible organic solvent (eg, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, etc.). It is.
- a water-miscible organic solvent eg, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, etc.
- the deprotection reaction using a metal is carried out, for example, in an acidic solvent (acetic acid, a buffer solution having a pH of 4.2 to 7.2 or a mixture thereof and an organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran) in the presence of powdered zinc. It is carried out at a temperature of 0 to 40 ° C while applying ultrasonic waves if necessary.
- an acidic solvent acetic acid, a buffer solution having a pH of 4.2 to 7.2 or a mixture thereof and an organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran
- the deprotection reaction using a metal complex may be performed, for example, in an organic solvent (eg, dichloromethane, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, dioxane, ethanol, etc.), water or a mixed solvent thereof.
- organic solvent eg, dichloromethane, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, dioxane, ethanol, etc.
- Trapping reagents eg, triptyltin hydride, triethylsilane, dimedone, morpholine, getylamine, pyrrolidine, etc.
- organic acids eg, acetic acid, In the presence of formic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, etc.
- an organic acid salt eg, sodium 2-ethylhexanoate, potassium 2-ethylhexanoate, etc.
- a phosphine-based reagent eg, triphenyl
- a metal complex for example, tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium (0), bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (II), palladium acetate (II), trisium chloride
- the reaction is performed at a temperature of 0 to 40 ° C. using triphenylphosphine) rhodium (I) or the like.
- the deprotection reaction can be carried out by the method described in, for example, T. W. Greene, Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, Wiley, New York, 1999.
- the target compound of the present invention can be easily produced by using and separating these deprotection reactions.
- a reaction involving heating can be performed using a water bath, an oil bath, a sand bath, or a microwave, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
- a solid-phase-supported reagent supported on a high-molecular polymer for example, polystyrene, polyacrylamide, polypropylene, polyethylene glycol, or the like
- a high-molecular polymer for example, polystyrene, polyacrylamide, polypropylene, polyethylene glycol, or the like
- the reaction product is purified by a conventional purification means, for example, distillation under normal pressure or reduced pressure, silica gel or magnesium silicate. It can be purified by a method such as high performance liquid chromatography, thin layer chromatography, column chromatography, ion exchange resin, scavenger resin or washing and recrystallization. Purification may be performed for each reaction or may be performed after the completion of several reactions.
- a conventional purification means for example, distillation under normal pressure or reduced pressure, silica gel or magnesium silicate. It can be purified by a method such as high performance liquid chromatography, thin layer chromatography, column chromatography, ion exchange resin, scavenger resin or washing and recrystallization. Purification may be performed for each reaction or may be performed after the completion of several reactions.
- Examples of pharmacological tests other than those described in Examples, particularly in vivo measurement experiments using animals, include the following methods.
- the blood glucose and blood lipid lowering effects of the compounds of the present invention can be measured by the methods described below.
- the body weight and blood sugar level of KKAy / Ta Jcl mice are measured, and the blood glucose level is used as an index for grouping and assignment. After the next day, the animals are fed a feed or a powdered feed containing the compound of the present invention for 6 days. After repeated administration, body weight and food consumption are measured, and the dose is calculated based on the average food consumption. In addition, blood insulin, free fatty acid (NEFA), and GOT and GPT are measured in addition to blood glucose and plasma TG.
- NEFA free fatty acid
- GOT and GPT are measured in addition to blood glucose and plasma TG.
- the effect of lowering blood glucose, blood insulin, NEFA or plasma TG levels during satiation in KKAy / Ta mice has the potential to prevent and / or treat diabetes, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, etc. Suggestive.
- Body weight and blood glucose, NEFA and TG, as well as HbAlc concentration of Zucker fa / fa rats (strain name Crj- [ZUC] -fa / fa) and normal control lean rats (strain name Crj- [ZUC] -lean) Is measured.
- the compound is divided into groups based on the HbAlc value and body weight, and the compound of the present invention is repeatedly orally administered from the next day.
- the vehicle is administered for the control group.
- OGTT oral glucose tolerance test
- the effect of lowering blood glucose, blood insulin, NEFA, HbAlc level or plasma TG level during satiation in Zucker fa / fa rats can be used as a preventive measure for diabetes, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, etc. Possibility of 1 "life.
- the decrease of fasting blood glucose level and the improvement of glucose tolerance in OGTT suggest the possibility as a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for diabetes.
- the cynomolgus monkeys are subjected to further facility quarantine and play I at the testing facility.
- the body weight of the animals is measured, the animals are divided into groups, and a medium or a drug solution containing 3 to 10 OmgZkgZday of the compound of the present invention is repeatedly and intranasally administered once a day using a feeding catheter and a syringe.
- a fasting plasma TG level in IE-treated cynomolgus monkeys may be a potential preventive or therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, etc. It is suggested. Similarly, this is confirmed in suppressing TG elevation after food loading. In addition, suppression of blood glucose elevation after diet loading suggests its potential as a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for dysuria. In addition, other blood biochemical parameters can be used to assess the presence or absence of toxicity changes.
- the toxicity of the compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (I) is extremely low, and is sufficiently safe for use as a medicament.
- the compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (I), a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof has a P PAR ⁇ agonist effect, and includes, for example, an HDL cholesterol increasing effect, an LDL clearance increasing effect. It has the action of promoting the export and reverse transfer of cholesterol and especially cholesterol, the action of suppressing foaming of macrophages, and the action of inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis.
- disorders of sugar and lipid metabolism eg, diabetes, Hyperlipidemia (hypercholesterolemia, low HDL blood, high LDL blood, high TG blood, etc.), arteriosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, obesity, metapolic syndrome, etc., hypertension, cardiovascular disease, It is expected to be applied as a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for skin inflammatory diseases.
- the compound represented by the general formula (I), a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof includes: 1) complementation and / or enhancement of the prophylactic and / or therapeutic effects of the compound; 2) kinetics of the compound; Improved absorption, lower dosage, and And / or 3) may be administered as a concomitant drug in combination with other drugs to reduce the side effects of the compound.
- a compound of the formula (I), a salt thereof or a solvate thereof, or a concomitant drug of a prodrug thereof and another drug may be administered in the form of a combination preparation comprising both components in one formulation. Also, it may be in the form of separate preparations for administration. When administered as separate preparations, simultaneous administration and administration at different times are included. In addition, administration with a time difference may be performed by administering the compound represented by the general formula (I), a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof first, and then administering another drug later. The drug may be administered first, and the compound represented by the general formula (I), a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof may be administered later, and the respective administration methods may be the same or different. .
- the other drug may be a low molecular weight compound, a high molecular weight protein, polypeptide, polynucleotide (DNA, RNA, gene), antisense, decoy, antibody, or vaccine. And so on.
- the dose of the other drug can be appropriately selected based on the clinically used dose.
- the compounding ratio of the compound of the present invention and other drugs can be appropriately selected depending on the age and weight of the administration subject, administration method, administration time, target disease, symptom, combination, and the like.
- the other drug may be used in an amount of 0.01 to 100 parts by mass per 1 part by mass of the compound of the present invention.
- Other drugs may be administered in combination of two or more at an appropriate ratio.
- a compound represented by the general formula (I), a salt thereof or a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof may supplement the lipid-lowering effect, and may have other functions for enhancing or enhancing Z.
- the drug ie lipid improving drug
- examples of the drug, ie lipid improving drug include MTP (Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein) inhibitor, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, squalene synthetase inhibitor, fibrate drug (fibric acid derivative), AC AT (Asinole CoA: cholesterol monophosphate (9-acinoletransferase) inhibitor, 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, cholesterol absorption inhibitor, bile acid absorption inhibitor, ileal Na + / bile acid cotransporter (ileal Na + / bUe acid transporter (IBAT) inhibitor, LDL receptor activator 'expression enhancer, knee lipase inhibitor, probucol, nicotinic acid, cholesterol ester transfer protein (CE
- T P inhibitors, other anti-hypercholesterolemia therapeutics and the like.
- MTP inhibitor examples include BMS-201038, BMS-212122, BMS-200150, GW-328713, -103757 and the like.
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors include atorvastatin, flupastatin, oral pastatin, pitapastatin, prapastatin, rospastatin, simpastatin and the like.
- ACAT inhibitors include F_12511, F_1394, CI-1011, melinamide and the like.
- squalene synthetase inhibitor examples include TAK-475 and the like.
- fibrate drugs include gemfive sulphate, clofibrate, beza fibrate, fenofibrate, clinofibrate, and simfibrate.
- ACAT inhibitor include Cl-1011, FCE27677, RP73163 and the like.
- cholesterol absorption inhibitor include ezetimibe, soysterol and the like.
- Bile acid absorption inhibitors include, for example, cholestyramine, colesevelam, colestimide and the like.
- LDL receptor activator 'expression enhancers include MD-700, LY295427 and the like. Knee lipase inhibitors include, for example, orlistat and the like.
- a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof preferably an HMG-COA reductase inhibitor, a fibrate drug (fibric acid derivative), a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, Bile acid absorption inhibitor, knee lipase inhibitor, nicotinic acid preparation.
- Therapeutic agents include, for example, sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs, biguanide drugs, ⁇ -dalcosidase inhibitors, rapid-acting insulin secretagogues, insulin drugs, DPP (dipeptidyl peptidase) 4 inhibitors, GLP It may be used in combination with 1 agonists, 3 adrenergic receptor agonists, drugs for treating diabetic complications, etc.
- the sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents e.g., Kisami de to Aseto, grayed Ribenkurami de, Darikurajido, Gurikurobirami de, Kuronorepurono ⁇ 0 Mi de, preparative Razamido, Toruputamido, Gurimepiri de, and the like.
- biguanide-based drugs include pfuorumin hydrochloride, metformin hydrochloride and the like.
- ⁇ -Darcosidase inhibitors include, for example, acarpose, poglibose and the like.
- fast-acting insulin secretagogues include nateglinide, repaglinide and the like.
- Examples of the DIII-4 inhibitor include NVP-DPP728A and the like.
- GL II-1 agonists include, for example, exendin 4.
- Examples of the adrenergic receptor agonist include AJ-9677, BMS-210285, CP-331679, KUL-1248, LY_362884, L-750335, CP-331648 and the like.
- As a drug for treating diabetic complications for example, eha. Norestat, Xenarestat, Fidarestat, Zoponorestat, AS-3201, SG-210 and the like.
- agents for complementing and / or enhancing the anti-obesity effect of the compound represented by the general formula (I), a salt thereof or a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof, that is, as an anti-obesity agent may be used in combination with an appetite suppressant, a lipase inhibitor, a 3-adrenergic receptor agonist, a serotonin / norepinephrine / dopamine reuptake inhibitor, and the like.
- appetite suppressants include, for example, leptin, mazindol, amphetamine, methamphetamine and the like. ⁇
- lipase inhibitors include orlistat.
- adrenergic receptor agonist examples include AJ-9677, BMS-210285, CP-331679, KUL-1248, LY-362884, L-750335, CP-331648 and the like.
- Serotonin 'norlepinephrine' dopamine reuptake inhibitors include, for example, sibutramine and the like.
- the mass ratio of the compound represented by the general formula (I), a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof to another drug is not particularly limited.
- Other drugs may be administered in any combination of two or more.
- the compound represented by the general formula (I), a salt thereof or a solvate thereof, or another drug that complements and / or enhances the prophylactic or therapeutic effect of the prodrug is provided by the mechanism described above. Based on this, it includes not only what has been discovered to date, but also what will be discovered in the future.
- a pharmaceutical composition containing a concomitant drug of another drug for the above purpose it is usually administered systemically or locally in an oral or parenteral form.
- Dosage varies depending on age, body weight, symptoms, therapeutic effect, administration method, treatment time, etc., but usually, per adult, once a day, several times a day, in the range of lmg to 100 mg, once to several times Per adult or per adult, It is administered parenterally once to several times a day in the range of lmg to 100 mg or continuously intravenously in the range of 1 hour to 24 hours a day.
- a pharmaceutical composition containing a concomitant drug of another drug a solid preparation for oral administration, a liquid preparation for oral administration, and an injection, an external preparation, a suppository for parenteral administration It is used as eye drops, inhalants and the like.
- Solid preparations for oral administration include tablets, pills, capsules, powders, granules and the like.
- Capsules include hard capsules and soft capsules.
- one or more active substances may be intact or excipients (lactose, mannitol, glucose, microcrystalline cellulose, starch, etc.), binders (hydroxypropylcellulose, polybutadiene).
- lactose, mannitol, glucose, microcrystalline cellulose, starch, etc. binders
- binders hydroxypropylcellulose, polybutadiene.
- disintegrant calcium fiber glycolate, etc.
- lubricant magnesium stearate, etc.
- solubilizer solubilizer
- a coating agent sucrose, gelatin, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate, etc.
- capsules of absorbable materials such as gelatin.
- Liquid preparations for oral administration include pharmaceutically acceptable solutions, suspensions, emulsions, Includes syrups, elixirs, etc.
- a commonly used diluent such as purified water, ethanol, or a mixture thereof.
- this liquid preparation may contain a wetting agent, a suspending agent, an emulsifying agent, a sweetening agent, a flavoring agent, a fragrance, a preservative, a buffering agent and the like.
- the dosage forms for external use include, for example, ointments, gels, creams, compresses, patches, liniments, sprays, inhalants, sprays, aerosols, These include eye drops and nasal drops. These contain one or more active substances and are manufactured by known methods or commonly used formulations.
- the ointment is manufactured by a known or commonly used formulation. For example, it is prepared by triturating or melting one or more active substances in a base.
- the ointment base is selected from known or commonly used ones. For example, higher fatty acids or higher fatty acid esters (adipic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, adipic acid ester, myristate ester, palmitate ester, stearic acid ester, oleic acid ester, etc.), wax (Such as beeswax, spermaceti, and ceresin), surfactants (such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate), higher alcohols (such as setanol, stearyl alcohol, and setstearyl alcohol), and silicon oil (such as dimethylpolysiloxane) , Hydrocarbons (hydrophilic serine, white petrolatum, purified lanolin, liquid paraffin, etc.), glycols (
- the gel is produced by a known or commonly used formulation. For example, it is prepared by melting one or more active substances in a base.
- the gel base is selected from known or commonly used ones. For example, lower alcohols (ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc.), gelling agents (carboxymethinoresenorelose, hydroxyxetinoresenorelose, hydroxypropyl / resenolose, ethylcellulose, etc.), neutralizing agents (Triethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, etc.), surfactants (polyethylene glycol monostearate, etc.), gums, water, absorption enhancers, rash preventives, alone or as a mixture of two or more. Used. Further, they may contain preservatives, antioxidants, flavoring agents and the like.
- the cream is produced by a known or commonly used formulation. For example, it is prepared by melting or emulsifying one or more active substances in a base.
- the cream base is selected from known or commonly used ones. For example, higher fatty acid esters, lower alcohols, hydrocarbons, polyhydric alcohols (propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, etc.), higher alcohols (2-hexyldecanol, cetanol, etc.), emulsifiers (Polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, fatty acid esters, etc.), water, an absorption promoter, and a rash inhibitor are used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, they may contain preservatives, antioxidants, flavoring agents and the like.
- the poultice is produced by a known or commonly used formulation. For example, it is produced by melting one or more active substances in a base material, spreading the mixture on a support as a kneaded product, and producing the mixture.
- the compress base is selected from known or commonly used ones. For example, thickeners (polyacrylic acid, polybutylpyrrolidone, gum arabic, starch, gelatin, methylcellulose, etc.), wetting agents (urea, glycerin, propylene glycol, etc.), fillers (kaolin, zinc oxide, , Calcium, magnesium, etc.), water, a dissolution aid, a tackifier, and a rash preventive agent alone or as a mixture of two or more. In addition, preservatives, antioxidants, flavoring agents and the like may be included.
- the patch is produced by a known or commonly used formulation. For example, it is produced by melting one or more active substances in a base material, and spreading and coating on a support.
- the base for the patch is selected from those known or commonly used. For example, one selected from a polymer base, oils and fats, higher fatty acids, tackifiers, and rash preventive agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, it may contain a preservative, an antioxidant, a flavoring agent and the like.
- the liniment is manufactured by a known or commonly used formulation.
- one or more active substances may be dissolved or suspended in one or more selected from water, alcohols (ethanol, polyethylene glycol, etc.), higher fatty acids, glycerin, soap, emulsifiers, suspending agents, etc. It is prepared by turbidity or emulsification. Further, they may contain preservatives, antioxidants, flavoring agents and the like.
- Sprays, inhalants, and sprays may be used in addition to commonly used diluents, as well as buffers that provide isotonicity with stabilizers such as sodium bisulfite, for example, sodium salt sodium, sodium citrate Alternatively, it may contain an isotonic agent such as citric acid. Methods for producing sprays are described in detail, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 2,868,691 and 3,095,355.
- Injections for parenteral administration include solutions, suspensions, emulsions, and solid injections that are used by dissolving or suspending in a solvent when used. Injectables are used by dissolving, suspending or emulsifying one or more active substances in a solvent.
- the solvent for example, distilled water for injection, physiological saline, vegetable oil, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, alcohols such as ethanol, and a combination thereof are used.
- this injection contains a stabilizer, a dissolution aid (daltamic acid, aspartic acid, polysorbate 80 (registered trademark), etc.), It may contain suspending agents, emulsifiers, soothing agents, buffers, preservatives and the like.
- sterile solid preparation for example, a lyophilized product
- sterile distilled water for injection or other solvents before use.
- Inhalants for parenteral administration include aerosols, powders for inhalation, and solutions for inhalation.
- the inhalation solution is used by dissolving or suspending in water or other appropriate medium at the time of use. It may be in a form.
- preservatives such as benzalcoium chloride, paraben, etc.
- coloring agents such as benzalcoium chloride, paraben, etc.
- buffering agents such as sodium phosphate, sodium acetate, etc.
- tonicity agents such as sodium chloride, concentrated glycerin, etc.
- a thickener such as a carboxybutyl polymer
- an absorption enhancer if necessary.
- lubricants stearic acid and its salts, etc.
- binders starch, dextrin, etc.
- excipients lactose, cellulose, etc.
- coloring agents preservatives (benzalkonium chloride, paraben) Etc.) and absorption promoters are appropriately selected as necessary.
- atomizers When administering liquids for inhalation, atomizers (atomizers, nebulizers 1) are usually used, and when administering powders for inhalation, inhalers for powdered drugs are usually used.
- compositions for parenteral administration include one or more active substances, including suppositories for rectal administration and pessaries for vaginal administration, formulated in a conventional manner. .
- the compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (I), a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof has a PPAR ⁇ agonist action, for example, an action of increasing HD L cholesterol, an action of increasing LDL clearance.
- Lipids especially It has a cholesterol export-promoting effect and a reverse lipid transfer-promoting effect ⁇ cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitory activity.
- sugars and lipid metabolism disorders for example, diabetes, hyperlipidemia (hypercholesterolemia, Prevention of low HD L, high LDL, high TG, etc.), arteriosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, obesity, metabolic syndrome, etc.), hypertension, cardiovascular disease, skin inflammatory disease, etc. / Or useful as a therapeutic agent.
- the solvent in kakkou indicated by TLC at the point of separation by chromatography indicates the elution solvent or developing solvent used, and the ratio indicates the volume ratio.
- NMR is a value measured by 1 H NMR, and the solvent in kakkoko indicated by NMR indicates the solvent used for the measurement.
- the compound name used in this specification is generally a computer program for naming according to IUPAC rules, ACD / Name (registered trademark, manufactured by Advanced Chemistry Development Inc.) or ACD / Name patch (registered trademark, Advanced Chemistry Development Inc.) or according to IUPAC nomenclature.
- Example 5 [3- (2- ⁇ 5-isopropyl-1-2- [4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl]]-1,3-oxazole-4-yl ⁇ ethoxy) phenyl] acetic acid
- Example 7 [3- (2- ⁇ 5-isopropyl-1-2- [4- (trifluoromethyl) pheninole] —1,3-oxazonole-1-inole ⁇ ethoxy) -14-methylph: nyl] acetic acid
- Example 11 1 [4-methyl-3- (2- ⁇ 5-phenyl-1-2-] [4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1, 3-oxazol-4-yl ⁇ ethoxy) phenyl] acetic acid
- Example 15 [3- (2- ⁇ 5-Isopropyl-2- (4- (trifluoromethoxy) phenyl)-1,3-oxazole-14-yl ⁇ ethoxy) phenyl] acetic acid
- Example 16 [3— (2— ⁇ 5— (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) 1-2— [4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] —1,3-oxazole-14- ⁇ Ethoxy) phenyl] acetic acid
- Example 17 [3- (2- ⁇ 5-propyl-1-2- [4- (trifluoromethyloxy) pheninole] -11,3-oxazonole-1-4-inole) ethoxy) feninole] acetic acid
- Example 1 9 [3- (2- ⁇ 5-l-butyl-2— [4- (trifluoromethyl) Phenyl) — 1,3-oxazole-4-yl ⁇ ethoxy) phenyl] acetic acid
- Example 20 [3- (2- ⁇ 5-butyl-1-2- [4- (trifluoromethoxy) phenyl]]-1,3-oxazole-14-yl ⁇ ethoxy) -14-methylphenyl] acetic acid
- Example 21 [4-Echinolene 3 .— (2— ⁇ 5-Methinole 2— [4-1 (trif norenolomethinole) pheninole] 1,1,3-oxazonole 1—4-Inole ⁇ ethoxy) phenyl) acetic acid
- Example 22 (3- ⁇ 2- [2- (2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxo-1-yl-5-yl) -1-5-methyl-1,3-oxoxazole-1-yl] Ethoxy ⁇ 1-methylphenyl) acetic acid
- Example 23 (3- ⁇ 2- [2- (2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxo-one-5-inole) -15-propinole-1,3-oxazonole-1-inole] ethoxy ⁇ phenyl) Acetic acid
- Example 24 (3- ⁇ 2- [2- (2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl) -1-5-propyl_1,3-oxazole-4-yl] ethoxy ⁇ -4 Monomethylphenyl) acetic acid
- Example 26 (3- ⁇ 2- [2- (2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxo-mono-1-yl-5-yl) -1-5-isopropisolate 1,3-oxazonole-1-4-yl] Ethoxy ⁇ —4-methylphenyl) acetic acid
- Example 2 7 (3- ⁇ 2- [2- (2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxo-one-5-inole) -15-ethinole-1,3-oxazonole-1-inole] ethoxy ⁇ — 4 monomethylphenyl) acetic acid
- Example 29 9 4- (Trifluoromethyl) 1-1-piperidinecarpothioamia To a suspension of the compound prepared in Example 28 (3.80 g) in tetrahydrofuran (25 mL) was added triethylamine (2.9 mL) and thiocarboamine. Dimidazole (3.80 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and concentrated to give a brown oil.
- Example 30 Methyl ⁇ 5-methyl-1-2- [4- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-1-yl] -1,3-thiazol-4-yl ⁇ acetate
- Example 31 1 2- ⁇ 5-monomethyl-1-2- [4- (trifluoromethyl) piperidin-1 1-inole] -1,3-thiazono-1--4-inole Ethanore
- Example 32 2 Methyl [2-fluoro-3- (2- ⁇ 5-methyl-2_ [4- (trifluoromethyl) piperidin-1-yl] _1,3-thiazol-1-yl] ethoxy Phenyl) acetate
- Example 31 Compound (227 mg) prepared in 1, methyl (2-fluoro-13-hydroxyphenyl) acetate (184 mg) and triphenylphosphine
- Example 33 [2-Fluoro-3- (2- ⁇ 5-methyl-2-] [4- (trifnorelomethinole) piperidine-1-inole] —1,3-thiazonole-41-inole ⁇ Ethoxy) phenyl] acetic acid
- methanol 5 mL
- tetrahydrofuran 5 mL
- the reaction mixture was adjusted to pH 4 with 2N hydrochloric acid, diluted with water, and the obtained crystals were separated by filtration.
- Example 32 Using the compound prepared in Example 31 or the corresponding alcohol derivative instead, and methyl (2-fluoro-3-hydroxyphenyl) acetate or the corresponding alcohol derivative instead, Example 32 ⁇ The same operation as in Example 33 was performed to obtain the following compound of the present invention.
- Example 34 (3- ⁇ 2- [2 -— (1,1, -biphenyl-41-yl) —5—methyl-1,3-oxazole-4-yl] ethoxy ⁇ —4-methylphenyl) acetic acid
- Example 3 4 (4 -methyl-1 3- ⁇ 2-[5 -methyl-1 2-(4-pheninolebiperidine-1 1 -inole)-1, 3 -thiazonole 1 -inole] Ethoxy) phenyl) acetic acid
- Example 34 (2-Fluoro-3- ⁇ 2- [5-methyl-1- (4-phenyl / leviperidin-1-1-inole) -11,3-thiazono-1--4-inole] ethoxy ⁇ phenyl) Acetic acid
- Example 34 (3- ⁇ 2- [5-Methyl-12- (4-phenylbiperazine-1-1-inole) -11,3-thiazol-4-yl] ethoxy ⁇ phenyl) acetic acid
- Example 34 [3- (2- ⁇ 5-methinolyl 2- [4- (4-methinolephenyl) piperazine-1-inole] —1,3-thiazol-4-yl ⁇ ethoxy) phenyl Acetic acid
- Example 34 (3- ⁇ 2- [2- (1,3-dihydro 2H-isoindone 1-2-inole) -1 5-methino 1 1,3-thiazono 1 4-n-]] d Toxic mono (2-fluorophenyl) acetic acid
- Example 34 [3- (2- ⁇ 2- (4- (4-chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]]-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-1-yl ⁇ ethoxy B) 1-Fluorophenyl] acetic acid
- Example 34 [3- (2- ⁇ 2- [4- (4-chlorophenyl) piperazine-1-1-inole] —5-methinole-1,3-thiazono-one 4-inole ⁇ ethoxy) 1-4-Methylphenyl] acetic acid
- Example 34 [3- (2- ⁇ 2- [4- (4-chlorofurnyl) piperidine-1-11yl] _5-methyl-1-1,3-thiazol-4-yl ⁇ eth Xy) 14-methylphenyl] acetic acid
- Example 34 (1 1): (3- ⁇ 2— [2- (3,4-dihydro-1-IH—isoquinolin-1-yl) -1-5-methyl-1,3-thiazole-1-yl]] Et Xy ⁇ —4-Methylphenyl) acetic acid
- Example 34 (4-Methyl-3- (2- [5-methyl-2- (4-phenyl-1-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine-1-1 ⁇ ))-1,3-thia Sol-4-yl] ethoxy ⁇ phenyl) acetic acid
- Example 34 [3- (2- ⁇ 2- [4_ (4-fluorophenyl) piperidin-11-yl]]-5-methinole-1,3_thiazanolone 4-inole ⁇ ethoxy 1) 4-methylphenyl] acetic acid
- Example 34 (4-Methyl-3- (2- [5-methyl-12- (4-phenylpyperazine_1-yl) -11,3-thiazole-1-yl] ethoxy) F) acetic acid
- Example 3 4 (15): ⁇ 4-Methyl-3— [2 -— (5-Methyl-1-2-—4-—5- (Trifluoromethyl) pyridine-1--2-yl] piperazine-1— Yl ⁇ —1,3-thiazol-4-yl) ethoxy] phenyl ⁇ acetic acid
- Example 35 Methyl (3- ⁇ 2- [2- (4-promophenyl) -1-5-methyl-1,1,3-oxazono-1-4-inole] ethoxy ⁇ —4-methinolephenylacetate
- Example 32 methyl [2- (4-promophenyl) -1,5-methyl-1,1,3-oxazole_-4-yl] acetate, and methyl (2-funoleo-1-3) —Hydroxypheninole) Acetate was replaced with methyl (3-hydroxy-14-methylphenyl) acetate, and subjected to the same operation as in Example 31 ⁇ Example 32 to give titles having the following physical property values. The compound was obtained.
- Example 36 Methyl [4-methyl-3- (2- ⁇ 5-methyl-1-2- [4- (pyridin-1-2-inole) pheninole]-1,3-oxazono-le-41-inole ⁇ ethoxy) Phenyl] acetate
- Example 33 The same operation as in Example 33 was performed using the compounds prepared in Examples 36 and 37 instead of the compound prepared in Example 32 to obtain the following compound of the present invention. .
- Example 38 [4-Methyl-1-3- (2- ⁇ 5-methyl-1-2-] [4- (pyridin-2-ynole) pheninole] —1,3-oxazonole-4-inole ⁇ ethoxy) Feninole] acetic acid
- Example 3 8 [3- (2- ⁇ 2- [4- (furan-3-yl) phenyl] -5-methyl-1,3-oxazole-14-yl ⁇ ethoxy) One 4-metylphenyl] acetic acid
- Example 35 Using the compound produced in Example 35 or a derivative corresponding thereto instead of 3-furylboronic acid and a corresponding polanic acid instead of 3-furylboronic acid, the same operation as in Example 37 ⁇ Example 33 was carried out. The following compounds of the present invention were obtained.
- Example 39 (3- ⁇ 2- (2- (4,1-fluoro-1,1,1-biphenyl-14-inole) -15-methyl-1,3-oxazole-14-inole] ethoxy ⁇ -14-methylphenyl) acetic acid
- Example 3 9 (3- ⁇ 2- [2-(3,1-fluoro-1,1,1, biphenylen 4-)) 5-5-methino 1,1,3-oxazono 1-4-ino] et Xyl ⁇ (1-methylphenyl) acetic acid
- Example 3 9 [4-Methynole-3- (2- ⁇ 5-methyl-12- [4- (thiophene-2- ⁇ fr) phenyl]-1,3-oxazole-4-yl ⁇ eth Xy) Funyl] acetic acid
- Example 3 9 [3— (2— ⁇ 2- [4— (furan 2-yl) fueno]] — 5-methinolay 1,3-oxazono ure 4-ethoxy) ethoxy) 1-4 Methylphenyl] acetic acid
- Example 3 9 [3- (2- ⁇ 2-—4- (furan-2-yl) phenyl] —5-isopropyl-1-1,3-oxoxazole-1-yl ⁇ ethoxy) -14 1-methylphenyl] acetic acid
- Example 3 9 [3- (2- ⁇ 5-isopropyl-1-2- [4- (thiophene-2-inole) pheninole] —1,3-oxazonole-41-inole ⁇ ethoxy 1) 4-Methylphenyl] acetic acid
- Example 3 9 (3- ⁇ 2-[5-isopropyl-1-2- (4,1-methoxy-1,1-, 1-biphenyl-2-yl) -11,3-oxazonore-1-4] Ethoxy) —— 4-Methylphenyl) acetic acid
- Example 3 9 (3- ⁇ 2- (5-Isopropyl-2- (4, -methinole-1,1,1-biphenyl-14-yl))-1,3-oxoxazole-4-yl] ethoxy ⁇ (1-Methylphenyl) acetic acid
- the measurement method of the present invention is an improvement of the measurement accuracy and the improvement of the measurement sensitivity in order to evaluate the compound of the present invention as described below.
- TK thymidine kinase
- TK promoter Upstream of the TK promoter, a response element of Gal4 protein, a basic transcription factor of yeast, and an enhancer sequence obtained by repeating UAS four times were inserted to construct 4X UAS-TK-Luc., Which was used as a reporter gene.
- the following Enhansa sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) is shown.
- Sequence number 1 Enhancer sequence which repeated Gal4 protein response element
- -T CGACGGAGTACTGTCCTCCG
- X 4AGCT-3 A vector for expressing the protein was prepared as follows. That is, Pica Gene Basic The structural gene was replaced with that of the chimeric receptor protein using Vector 2 (trade name, Toyo Ink, catalog No. 309-04821) as the basic expression vector, while leaving the promoter-enhancer region intact.
- the amino terminus of the human PPARa, 0 / or ⁇ ligand binding region is a nuclear translocation signal derived from SV40 T-antigen, Ala Pro Lys Lys Lys Arg Lys Val Gly (SEQ ID NO: 2) is arranged.
- Ala Pro Lys Lys Lys Arg Lys Val Gly (SEQ ID NO: 2) is arranged.
- the carboxy terminal the hemagglutinin epitope of Influenza, TVr Pro Tyr Asp Val Pro Asp Tyr Ala
- the DNA sequence was such that SEQ ID NO: 3) and a translation stop codon were arranged in this order.
- the structural gene portion used as the ligand binding region of human PPAR and ⁇ or ⁇ is described in R.
- Luciferase using human PPARa, ⁇ or ⁇ CV-1 cells used as host cells were cultured according to a conventional method. That is, fetal bovine serum (GIBCO BRL, catalog No. 26140-061) was added to Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) to a final concentration of 10%, and penicillin G at a final concentration of 5 OU / mL was added. The cells were cultured in a medium containing 50 g / mL of streptomycin sulfate at 37 ° C. in 5% carbon dioxide gas.
- DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
- the cells were dispersed by trypsin treatment, replated at a cell density of 8000 cells / 100 ⁇ l DMEM-10% dialyzed serum / well in a 96-well plate, and cultured for several hours. When the cells adhered, 100 ⁇ L of a DMEM-10% dialyzed serum solution of the compound of the present invention containing twice the assay concentration was added. After culturing at 37 ° C for 42 hours, the cells were lysed, and the luciferase activity was measured according to a conventional method.
- Carbacyclin activates PPAR ⁇ , but the transcriptional activity (Fold Increase) at 30 ⁇ final concentration is 1 and expressed as a relative value to this value.
- Table 1 shows the PPARS transcription activation degree of the compounds.
- the compound of the present invention showed excellent agonist activity against PPAR ⁇ .
- mice Seven-week-old male mice (C57BL / 6 NC rj) were fed a high cholesterol diet (CRF-1 solid diet mixed with 5.5% peanut oil, 1.5% cholesterol, 0.5% cholic acid, Oriental Pyo Service) After 6 days of loading, fasted rats were weighed and the concentrations of the following various parameters were measured. The measurement items are LDL, HDL, TG value, NEFA, TC value. Five animals were assigned to each group based on the TC concentration, and the groups were divided so that the average values of the other parameters would not be biased. From the next day, the compound was suspended in a vehicle (0.5% aqueous methylcellulose solution) once daily for 6 consecutive days, and administered orally by gavage, and loading with a high cholesterol diet was continued. The day after the end of the last administration (7 days after the start of administration), blood lipids (TG, HDL, LDL, NEFA, TC values) were measured.
- CPF-1 solid diet mixed with 5.5% peanut oil, 1.5% cholesterol, 0.5% cholic acid,
- Table 2 shows the HDL increasing effect and LDL decreasing effect of the compound produced in Example 33, assuming that the value of the vehicle administration group is 100% and expressed as a relative value.
- the compound of the present invention increased HDL and decreased LDL depending on the dose, and thus is useful as a therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia.
- the compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (I), a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof is extremely low in toxicity and thus is useful as a safe pharmaceutical.
- a PPAR agonist it is useful as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/572,937 US7560475B2 (en) | 2003-09-22 | 2004-09-21 | Phenylacetic acid derivative, process for producing the same, and use |
EP04773449A EP1666472B1 (en) | 2003-09-22 | 2004-09-21 | Phenylacetic acid derivative, process for producing the same, and use |
NZ546031A NZ546031A (en) | 2003-09-22 | 2004-09-21 | Phenylacetic acid derivative, process for producing the same, and use |
ES04773449T ES2390053T3 (es) | 2003-09-22 | 2004-09-21 | Derivado de ácido fenilacético, procedimiento para producir el mismo y uso |
AU2004274337A AU2004274337A1 (en) | 2003-09-22 | 2004-09-21 | Phenylacetic acid derivative, process for producing the same, and use |
JP2005514140A JP4661595B2 (ja) | 2003-09-22 | 2004-09-21 | フェニル酢酸誘導体、その製造方法および用途 |
BRPI0414580-1A BRPI0414580A (pt) | 2003-09-22 | 2004-09-21 | derivado do ácido fenilacético, processos para sua produção e uso |
MXPA06003205A MXPA06003205A (es) | 2003-09-22 | 2004-09-21 | Derivados de acido fenilacetico, proceso para producir el mismo y uso. |
CA002539554A CA2539554A1 (en) | 2003-09-22 | 2004-09-21 | Phenylacetic acid derivative, process for producing the same, and use |
IL174438A IL174438A0 (en) | 2003-09-22 | 2006-03-21 | Phenylacetic acid derivative, process for producing the same, and use |
NO20061281A NO20061281L (no) | 2003-09-22 | 2006-03-21 | Fenyleddiksyrederivat, fremgangmate for fremstilling av det samme, og anvendelse |
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JP2003-330616 | 2003-09-22 | ||
JP2003330616 | 2003-09-22 | ||
JP2004231546 | 2004-08-06 | ||
JP2004-231546 | 2004-08-06 |
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US (1) | US7560475B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1666472B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4661595B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20060121884A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2004274337A1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0414580A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2539554A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2390053T3 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL174438A0 (ja) |
MX (1) | MXPA06003205A (ja) |
NO (1) | NO20061281L (ja) |
NZ (1) | NZ546031A (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2349587C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005028453A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2008066131A1 (fr) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-05 | Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Nouveau dérivé de phényl-isoxazol-3-ol |
JP2009507846A (ja) * | 2005-09-07 | 2009-02-26 | プレキシコン,インコーポレーテッド | Ppar活性化合物 |
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KR100806162B1 (ko) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-02-22 | (주)아모레퍼시픽 | 식물유래 PPARs 활성물질을 함유하는 피부 외용제조성물 |
FR2910893A1 (fr) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-04 | Genfit Sa | Derives de (phenylthiazolyl)-phenyl-propan-1-one et de (phenyloxazolyl)-phenyl-propan-1-one substitues, preparations et utilisations. |
WO2011030104A1 (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2011-03-17 | Rajiv Jalan | Phenylacetate and/or phenylbutyrate (not ornithine) for reducing portal blood pressure |
CN102285933B (zh) * | 2010-06-18 | 2016-03-09 | 浙江海正药业股份有限公司 | 一种对亚型过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体具有激动作用的化合物、其制备方法和应用 |
RU2447082C1 (ru) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-04-10 | Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Учреждение "Научно-Исследовательский Институт Эпидемиологии И Микробиологии Имени Почетного Академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи" Министерства Здравоохранения И Социального Развития Российской Федерации | Способ стимуляции регенерации дефектов кожи и слизистых оболочек и лекарственное средство для его реализации |
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2004
- 2004-09-21 NZ NZ546031A patent/NZ546031A/en unknown
- 2004-09-21 AU AU2004274337A patent/AU2004274337A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-21 CA CA002539554A patent/CA2539554A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-21 RU RU2006113612/04A patent/RU2349587C2/ru active
- 2004-09-21 EP EP04773449A patent/EP1666472B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-09-21 BR BRPI0414580-1A patent/BRPI0414580A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-09-21 MX MXPA06003205A patent/MXPA06003205A/es unknown
- 2004-09-21 JP JP2005514140A patent/JP4661595B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-21 ES ES04773449T patent/ES2390053T3/es active Active
- 2004-09-21 US US10/572,937 patent/US7560475B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-21 KR KR1020067005655A patent/KR20060121884A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-09-21 WO PCT/JP2004/014137 patent/WO2005028453A1/ja active Application Filing
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RICHARD C. LAROCK: "Comprehensive Organic Transformations : A Guide to Functional Group Preparations", 1999, WILEY & SONS |
See also references of EP1666472A4 |
T.W. GREENE: "Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis", 1999, WILEY |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009507846A (ja) * | 2005-09-07 | 2009-02-26 | プレキシコン,インコーポレーテッド | Ppar活性化合物 |
WO2008066131A1 (fr) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-05 | Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Nouveau dérivé de phényl-isoxazol-3-ol |
US8367708B2 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2013-02-05 | Msd K.K. | Phenyl-isoxazol-3-ol derivative |
JP5405120B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-01 | 2014-02-05 | Msd株式会社 | 新規フェニル−イソキサゾール−3−オール誘導体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7560475B2 (en) | 2009-07-14 |
NO20061281L (no) | 2006-06-22 |
MXPA06003205A (es) | 2006-06-23 |
ES2390053T3 (es) | 2012-11-06 |
AU2004274337A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 |
RU2349587C2 (ru) | 2009-03-20 |
IL174438A0 (en) | 2006-08-01 |
CA2539554A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 |
EP1666472A1 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
BRPI0414580A (pt) | 2006-11-07 |
JPWO2005028453A1 (ja) | 2006-11-30 |
NZ546031A (en) | 2009-03-31 |
EP1666472B1 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
EP1666472A4 (en) | 2009-05-13 |
JP4661595B2 (ja) | 2011-03-30 |
KR20060121884A (ko) | 2006-11-29 |
RU2006113612A (ru) | 2007-10-27 |
US20070105868A1 (en) | 2007-05-10 |
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