WO2004063691A1 - Capteur de forces pour la mesure de forces axiales - Google Patents

Capteur de forces pour la mesure de forces axiales Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004063691A1
WO2004063691A1 PCT/EP2004/000306 EP2004000306W WO2004063691A1 WO 2004063691 A1 WO2004063691 A1 WO 2004063691A1 EP 2004000306 W EP2004000306 W EP 2004000306W WO 2004063691 A1 WO2004063691 A1 WO 2004063691A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
force
zone
axle body
sleeve
force transducer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/000306
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Futterer
Otto Pfeffer
Original Assignee
EBM Brosa Messgeräte GmbH & Co. KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EBM Brosa Messgeräte GmbH & Co. KG filed Critical EBM Brosa Messgeräte GmbH & Co. KG
Priority to EP04702698A priority Critical patent/EP1583942A1/fr
Publication of WO2004063691A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004063691A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
    • G01L1/2206—Special supports with preselected places to mount the resistance strain gauges; Mounting of supports
    • G01L1/2218—Special supports with preselected places to mount the resistance strain gauges; Mounting of supports the supports being of the column type, e.g. cylindric, adapted for measuring a force along a single direction
    • G01L1/2225—Special supports with preselected places to mount the resistance strain gauges; Mounting of supports the supports being of the column type, e.g. cylindric, adapted for measuring a force along a single direction the direction being perpendicular to the central axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a force transducer for measuring axial forces which act essentially transversely on an axis, in particular a measuring axis, with a longitudinally extending axle body which has a force introduction zone in an axially central region and at least one bearing zone for storing the force transducer axially outside the force introduction zone has at least one force measuring zone for measuring the axial forces in a receptacle and axially outside the force introduction zone.
  • a force transducer of the type mentioned at the outset is used to measure forces which act essentially transversely on an axis or shaft of rotating parts of machines or systems.
  • Such axial forces can consist in a force acting purely radially on the axis or in a torsional force.
  • a force transducer is used to measure axial forces on rope pulleys, for example in cable cars.
  • the measurement of axle forces serves in particular to record overloads on the rope pulleys in order to be able to recognize dangerous conditions in good time.
  • axle body which is essentially solid.
  • the axle beam must be designed for the respective application in terms of its dimensions and strength, and it must also have a corresponding fatigue strength.
  • the axle body has a force introduction zone in an axially central region.
  • the force introduction zone is understood to mean that section of the axle body into which the force to be measured is introduced into the force transducer.
  • the force introduction zone of the axle body is the axial area on which the rope pulley is mounted directly or indirectly.
  • the axle body also has at least one, usually two force measuring zones, which is or are arranged axially outside the force introduction zone. At least one force measuring system is arranged in each case in the at least one force measuring zone or in the at least two force measuring zones.
  • the force measuring system can detect shear forces, strains and compressions in the axle body and converts them into measurable signals, usually electrical signals, for determining the force.
  • this or the force measuring systems have strain gauges which enable force to be measured via changes in resistance within one or more bridge circuits.
  • other force measuring systems based on other physical principles of force detection can also be used.
  • Force transducers for measuring axial forces are usually placed in a type of receiving fork or receptacle or bearing for their intended use, as is the case, for example, in the application of the force transducer for measuring axial forces in a rope pulley.
  • the axle body axially outside the force introduction zone has at least one, usually two bearing zones for direct or indirect mounting of the force transducer in one receptacle.
  • the at least one bearing zone is subjected to forces which are directed in the opposite direction to the forces acting on the force introduction zone.
  • the at least one bearing zone thus acts as an abutment to the force application zone.
  • Hysteresis effects are evident in force measurement during practical use. Under these Hysteresis effects are understood to mean that the force measuring system of the force transducer generates different measurement signals at a predetermined applied force, depending on whether the force transducer is loaded on the force to be measured starting from a lower applied force or whether the force transducer is loaded on the force applied by a higher one the force to be measured is relieved.
  • the hysteresis effect is based on the fact that the force transducer bends when a force is applied in the area between the receptacles, ie between the bearing zones, even if it cannot be detected by the eye, ie in the millimeter or sub-illimeter range. This creates very high frictional forces between the force transducer and the receptacles in which the force transducer is mounted, which increase with increasing force application.
  • the force transducer If the force transducer is loaded with high force starting from the unloaded state and then relieved again, these previously mentioned frictional forces cause the force transducer to remain in a tensioned state when the force decreases due to the high frictional forces, that is, it does not resiliently correspond to a force that is actually applied Relaxed state.
  • the at least one force measuring system detects an apparent higher force than corresponds to the force actually introduced. The force measurement is thus influenced by parasitic or apparent forces, which, however, prevents the most accurate possible force measurement.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a force transducer of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the measurement accuracy of the force transducer is improved.
  • this object is achieved with regard to the force transducer mentioned at the outset in that the axle body is surrounded outside of the force introduction zone at least in the area of the at least one bearing zone by a sleeve, the end of which facing the force introduction zone is not firmly connected to the axle body in the area of the bearing zone, but is free ,
  • the axle body is therefore partially surrounded by a sleeve which is not firmly connected to the axle body in the region of the bearing zone, but is free.
  • This free end of the at least one sleeve has the effect that parasitic forces or apparent forces, such as due to frictional forces arising in the receptacle (s) due to high abutment forces, can be largely or even completely decoupled from the axle body, so that only the axial forces actually to be measured from the at least one force measuring system are recorded.
  • the free end of the at least one sleeve in the region of the bearing zone can namely move to a certain extent relative to the axle body, such a relative movement in the submillimeter range is already sufficient to significantly reduce measurement errors.
  • Tensioning of the force transducer due to an installation situation that is subject to tolerances or due to high frictional forces in the area of the bearing zone is therefore essentially not transferred to the axle beam and the associated force measuring system and therefore cannot have a negative effect on the accuracy of the force measurement. This advantageously reduces a hysteresis in the force measurement.
  • the at least one force measuring zone is arranged axially at approximately the same height as the at least one bearing zone.
  • This configuration in which the force measuring zone and the bearing zone in the axle body essentially coincide, has the advantage that, on the one hand, a particularly sensitive force measurement is made possible, since in the area between the bearing zone 0 and the force introduction zone, when the force transducer is loaded, strains, compression and shear forces occur have the greatest impact, and on the other hand, this configuration also achieves optimal decoupling between parasitic or apparent forces and the force measuring zone, since the free end of the at least one sleeve is also located in this region.
  • the axle body is exposed in the area of the force introduction zone and has a larger diameter than the remaining area of the axle body. It is particularly advantageous here that the axle body in the area of the force introduction zone is designed to be particularly solid and stable, as a result of which the force transducer is suitable for measuring particularly high forces with a small overall diameter.
  • the diameter of the axle body in the area of the force introduction zone can essentially correspond to the outside diameter of the at least one sleeve. The force transducer is therefore suitable for measuring forces that are just as high as a conventional force transducer that has only one axle body and no sleeve.
  • the free end of the sleeve is spaced radially on the inside from the axle body.
  • This measure has the advantage that an even further improved decoupling of the axle body in the area of the bearing zone is brought about by parasitic or apparent forces, because the free end of the sleeve and the axle body in the area of the bearing zone do not touch one another, which results in a kind of articulation in the area of free end of the sleeve is effected.
  • the radial distance between the free end of the sleeve and the axle body is preferably in the range between approximately 0.1 and approximately 4 mm.
  • the free end of the sleeve which is not fixedly connected to the axle body extends essentially over the axial length of the bearing zone.
  • This measure also contributes to improving the avoidance of the effects of parasitic or apparent forces on the Force measurement because the "articulation" or elasticity of the free end of the sleeve to the axle body is further increased by a corresponding axial extension.
  • the axle body has a reduced-diameter first section in the region of the free end of the sleeve, to which a second section adjoins on the side axially facing away from the force introduction zone, on which the sleeve is firmly connected to the axle body.
  • This measure is particularly advantageous if the bearing zone and the force measuring zone coincide axially, because then the diameter-reduced first section reacts most sensitively to loads on the force transducer through expansion, compression or shear, which can then be detected by the force measuring system with high sensitivity, and on the other hand, without Increasing the diameter of the force transducer creates a radial spacing of the bearing zone of the axle body from the free end of the sleeve, which causes the aforementioned decoupling of parasitic or apparent forces from the axle body.
  • the sleeve In the end region of the axle body, the sleeve then advantageously forms a firm bond with the axle body, which ensures a high fatigue strength of the force transducer, since the sleeve in this area increases the diameter of the axle body and thus reinforces it.
  • first section merges into the force introduction zone and / or into the second section with a concave rounding. This measure has the advantage that notch effects in the area of the transition from the first section into the force introduction zone and / or into the second section are reduced, which could give rise to predetermined breaking points.
  • the free end of the sleeve is provided with a convex rounding on the inside.
  • the inside of the sleeve in the area of its free end can be kept at a distance from the first section of the axle body in order to bring about the aforementioned desired effect of decoupling between the free end of the sleeve and the axle body.
  • the outer free end of the sleeve is sealed off from the axle body by means of a seal.
  • the advantage here is that in the event of a spacing of the free end of the sleeve from the axle body in the region of the bearing zone, no dirt can penetrate into the space between the inside of the free end of the sleeve and the axle body, which is detrimental to the decoupling between the free end the sleeve and the axle body could affect.
  • a bearing zone is present on both sides of the force introduction zone, and the axle body is surrounded on both sides of the force introduction zone by a sleeve, the end of which facing the force introduction zone in the region of the bearing zone is not firmly connected to the axle body, but is free. It is advantageous here that, when the force transducer is normally mounted in two receptacles present on both sides of the force application zone, both bearing zones of the force transducer are decoupled from the axle body and thus also from the force measurement zone, which is particularly advantageous if a force measurement zone is present on the axle body on both sides of the force application zone is.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a force transducer for measuring axial forces in an exemplary installation situation with a rope pulley, which is partially shown in section.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial longitudinal section through the force transducer in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of section X in FIG. 2nd 1 and 2 show a force transducer provided with the general reference number 10 for measuring axial forces which act essentially transversely on an axis.
  • the force transducer 10 is also referred to as the measuring axis.
  • the force transducer 10 is shown as an example in an installed position as a measuring axis for a pulley 12.
  • the axial forces acting through the rope (not shown) on the measuring axis 10, which forms the axis of the rope pulley 12, essentially transverse to the measuring axis 10, which can also consist of torsional forces, are to be measured.
  • the force transducer 10 is fixed in a receptacle 14 in the manner of a receptacle fork that has two legs 16 and 18 in bores 20 and 22 provided therein.
  • the force transducer 10 has an axle body 24, which is made in one piece and essentially solid.
  • the axle body 24 generally has an essentially cylindrical rotational symmetry about a longitudinal axis 26.
  • the axle body 24 has a section 28 which forms a force introduction zone 30 of the axle body 24.
  • Fig. 1 the direction of the force application of the rope pulley 12 to the force transducer 10 is shown by way of example with an arrow 32.
  • the axle body 24 is in the region of the section 28 forming the force introduction zone 30 exposed on the outside, so that the cable pulley 12 is rotatably mounted directly on the section 28.
  • the force transducer 10 itself is held in the receptacle 14 in a rotationally fixed manner by means of an anti-rotation element 34 arranged on the leg 18 of the receptacle 14.
  • a bearing zone 36 or a bearing zone 38 On each side of the force application zone 30 or on both sides of the section 28 of the axle body 24 there is a bearing zone 36 or a bearing zone 38, which are accordingly arranged axially outside the force application zone 30.
  • the axle body 24 has a further section 40 in the region of the bearing zone 36 and a further section 42 in the region of the bearing zone 38.
  • the section 28 forming the force introduction zone 30 of the axle body 24 has a larger diameter than the sections 40 and 42.
  • section 40 facing away from the force introduction zone 30 there is another section 44 and on the side of section 42 also facing away from the force introduction zone 30 there is another section 46 of the axle body 24, the sections 44 and 46 being a slightly larger diameter than have sections 40 and 42 in the area of the connection point between sections 40 and 44 or 42 and 46.
  • the axle body 24 has two force measuring zones 52 and 54 which coincide with the bearing zones 36 and 38 of the force transducer 10, i.e. the force measuring zones 52 and 54 are formed by the sections 40 and 42 of the axle body 24.
  • a force measuring system 56 is present in section 40 of the axle body 24 in a manner not shown in detail, and a force measuring system 58 is provided in section 42.
  • the force measuring systems 56 and 58 are designed, for example, on the basis of strain gauges (DMS), the DMS being embedded in blind holes in the sections 40 and 42 of the axle body 24 and firmly connected to the axle body 24, the blind holes then being covered with covers on the outside are hermetically sealed so that the strain gauges are protected against environmental influences.
  • DMS strain gauges
  • the force measuring systems 56 and 58 are able to react to stresses, strains and shearings of the material of the axle body 24 in the area of the sections 40 and 42 as a result of the axial forces to be measured by a change in resistance and to generate a corresponding electrical signal.
  • the axle body 24 is axially partially surrounded by two sleeves 68 and 70.
  • the sleeve 68 is fastened on the section 44 of the axle body 24, for example shrunk on or by means of screws, and projects beyond the bearing zone 36, i.e. section 40 of the axle beam 24.
  • An end 72 of the sleeve 68 facing the force introduction zone 30 or the section 28 of the axle body 24 is not fixedly connected to the axle body 24 over the axial length of the bearing zone 36, but is free.
  • the free end 72 extends completely around the sleeve 68, but could also be axially slotted.
  • the sleeve 68 In the area of the free end 72, the sleeve 68 is spaced from the axle body 24, ie there is an annular gap 74 between the inside of the free end 72 and the outside of the section 40.
  • the annular gap 74 is designed to be completely circumferential and has a radial dimension in the area between 0.1 and approximately 4 mm, in the present exemplary embodiment a radial dimension of approximately 2 mm.
  • the free end 72 is radially spaced from the axle body 24 over the entire axial extent of the bearing zone 36 or the force measuring zone 52.
  • the sleeve 68 sits closely on the axle body 24. Section 40 merges into section 28 with a rounding, likewise into section 44, but there with less rounding.
  • the free end 72 of the sleeve 68 does not axially abut the section 28 of the axle body 24, but is slightly axially spaced therefrom.
  • a seal 76 in the form of an O-ring seal prevents contaminants from penetrating into the annular gap 74 between the inside of the free end 72 of the sleeve 68 and the outside of the section 40 of the axle body 24.
  • the inside of the free end 72 of the sleeve 68 is convexly curved, so that the annular gap 74 has an essentially constant radial seen over its axial extent Has thickness.
  • the sleeve 70 has a free end 78 which faces the force introduction zone 30 and which is likewise not fixed to the axle body 24, but is free, as can be seen from FIG. 2.
  • the free end 78 is also radially spaced from the axle body 24, more precisely the section 42 of the axle body 24, in the same way as the free end 72 from the section 40.
  • the configuration of the section 42 and the free end 78 of the sleeve 70 is up to Mirror symmetry identical to the design of the section 40 and the free end 72 of the sleeve 68, so that reference can be made to the description there.
  • a seal 80 in turn seals the free end 78 against the axle body 24.
  • the sleeve 70 is fixedly connected to the section 46 of the axle body 24, a recess 82 being present in the sleeve 70, into which the anti-rotation element 34 engages when the force transducer 10 is installed, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • a lubricant channel 84 extends through the axle body 24, through which a lubricant for lubricating the mounting of the cable pulley 12 on the section 28 can be supplied.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un capteur de forces (10) pour la mesure de forces axiales qui s'exercent sensiblement de façon transversale sur un axe, en particulier un axe de mesure. Ce capteur de forces comporte un corps (24) qui s'étend dans le sens longitudinal et présente, dans une région centrale, vu dans le sens axial, une zone d'introduction de forces (30) et, vu dans le sens axial, à l'extérieur de la zone d'introduction de forces, une zone de support (36, 38) servant au montage du capteur de forces dans un logement, ainsi que, à l'extérieur de la zone d'introduction de forces (30), toujours vu dans le sens axial, au moins une zone de mesure de forces (52, 54) pour la mesure des forces axiales. Le corps (24) est, à l'extérieur de la zone d'introduction de forces (30), au moins dans la région de la ou des zone(s) de support (36,38), entouré d'une douille (68, 70) dont l'extrémité (72, 78) faisant face à la zone d'introduction de forces (30) n'est pas raccordée rigidement au corps (24), mais libre.
PCT/EP2004/000306 2003-01-16 2004-01-16 Capteur de forces pour la mesure de forces axiales WO2004063691A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04702698A EP1583942A1 (fr) 2003-01-16 2004-01-16 Capteur de forces pour la mesure de forces axiales

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10302352.6 2003-01-16
DE2003102352 DE10302352B4 (de) 2003-01-16 2003-01-16 Kraftaufnehmer zum Messen von Achskräften

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004063691A1 true WO2004063691A1 (fr) 2004-07-29

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ID=32667737

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2004/000306 WO2004063691A1 (fr) 2003-01-16 2004-01-16 Capteur de forces pour la mesure de forces axiales

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1583942A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10302352B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004063691A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007031111A1 (fr) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-22 EBM Brosa Messgeräte GmbH & Co. KG Axe de mesure de conception modulaire
EP2124029A2 (fr) * 2008-05-19 2009-11-25 Hirschmann Automation and Control Gmbh Dispositif pour éviter une charge négative dans un boulon de mesure de charge
EP3318860A1 (fr) * 2016-11-07 2018-05-09 Brosa AG Essieu de mesure a cisaillement avec protection contre les surcharges

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014109301B3 (de) * 2014-07-03 2015-09-10 Brosa Ag Auf Scherprinzip basierendes Kraftaufnehmersystem mit Überlastschutz
DE102015102072B3 (de) * 2015-02-13 2016-05-19 Brosa Ag Kraftaufnehmersystem zur gleichzeitigen Bestimmung von aus unterschiedlichen Richtungen einwirkenden Kräften
DE102017104758B4 (de) 2017-03-07 2018-09-20 Brosa Ag Kraftaufnehmersystem zum Messen von Scherkräften auf einen Kran-Rollenkopf
DE102017110229B4 (de) * 2017-05-11 2021-10-14 Brosa Ag Kraftmesshülse für mehrfache Kraftmessung
DE102017111097B4 (de) 2017-05-22 2020-08-06 Brosa Ag Redundante Kraftmessachse mit räumlich getrennten Messanordnungen
DE102017126182B4 (de) 2017-11-09 2023-01-19 Brosa Ag Kraftmessvorrichtung mit Dynamikkompensation

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH304064A (fr) * 1952-01-15 1954-12-31 Centre Nat Rech Scient Comparateur électromécanique de précision permettant la mesure à distance.
US3857452A (en) * 1974-02-14 1974-12-31 Tri Coastal Ind Inc Dump truck load-sensing assembly
DE3429805A1 (de) * 1984-08-13 1986-02-20 Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim Verfahren zur bestimmung der kraftuebertragenden belastung in gelenken

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH304064A (fr) * 1952-01-15 1954-12-31 Centre Nat Rech Scient Comparateur électromécanique de précision permettant la mesure à distance.
US3857452A (en) * 1974-02-14 1974-12-31 Tri Coastal Ind Inc Dump truck load-sensing assembly
DE3429805A1 (de) * 1984-08-13 1986-02-20 Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim Verfahren zur bestimmung der kraftuebertragenden belastung in gelenken

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007031111A1 (fr) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-22 EBM Brosa Messgeräte GmbH & Co. KG Axe de mesure de conception modulaire
EP2124029A2 (fr) * 2008-05-19 2009-11-25 Hirschmann Automation and Control Gmbh Dispositif pour éviter une charge négative dans un boulon de mesure de charge
EP2124029A3 (fr) * 2008-05-19 2014-07-09 Hirschmann Automation and Control GmbH Dispositif pour éviter une charge négative dans un boulon de mesure de charge
EP3318860A1 (fr) * 2016-11-07 2018-05-09 Brosa AG Essieu de mesure a cisaillement avec protection contre les surcharges

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10302352B4 (de) 2012-08-16
EP1583942A1 (fr) 2005-10-12
DE10302352A1 (de) 2004-08-05

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