WO2004056093A1 - 光検出装置 - Google Patents
光検出装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004056093A1 WO2004056093A1 PCT/JP2003/016114 JP0316114W WO2004056093A1 WO 2004056093 A1 WO2004056093 A1 WO 2004056093A1 JP 0316114 W JP0316114 W JP 0316114W WO 2004056093 A1 WO2004056093 A1 WO 2004056093A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- voltage value
- output
- photodiodes
- integer
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 27
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/78—Readout circuits for addressed sensors, e.g. output amplifiers or A/D converters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photodetector including a plurality of photodiodes arranged.
- the photodetector is a device including a plurality of photodiodes arranged two-dimensionally or one-dimensionally, and an integrating circuit including an amplifier and an integrating capacitive element.
- the following signal processing circuit may also be provided (for example, refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-270960).
- this photodetector an amount of electric charge corresponding to the intensity of light incident on each photodiode is output from the photodiode, and the electric charge is accumulated in the integrating capacitance element. The corresponding voltage value is output from the integration circuit.
- Light incident on the photodetection surface on which the plurality of photodiodes are arranged is detected based on the voltage value output from the integration circuit in accordance with the amount of charge generated in each of the plurality of photodiodes.
- C d is the sum of the junction capacitance value of the photodiode and the capacitance value of the wiring from the photodiode to the integration circuit.
- c f is the capacitance value of the integration capacitance element of the integration circuit.
- k is Boltzmann's constant.
- T is the temperature.
- B is the frequency band of the amplifier included in the integration circuit.
- G m is the input transistor conductance of the amplifier included in the integration circuit. [0105]
- B and G m can contribute to the reduction of thermal noise.
- a larger G m is effective in reducing thermal noise, but increases the power consumption of the amplifier.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has as its object to provide a photodetector capable of ensuring both the SZN ratio and the speed.
- the accumulated charges are sequentially input to and accumulated in one integration circuit, and a voltage value corresponding to the amount of the accumulated charges is output from the integration circuit.
- the thermal noise component included in the voltage value output from the integrating circuit is reduced by the filter circuit, and the thermal noise component is reduced.
- the reduced voltage value is output from the filter circuit. Therefore, this photodetector can ensure both the S / N ratio and the speed.
- a photodetector according to the present invention is provided between an integration circuit and a filter circuit, receives a voltage value output from the integration circuit, and outputs a voltage value representing a change in the voltage value for a certain period of time. It is preferable to further include a CDS circuit that outputs a signal. In this case, the voltage value output from the integration circuit is input to the CDS circuit, and a voltage value representing a change in the voltage value over a certain period of time is output from the CDS circuit. Can be removed by the CDS circuit.
- the photodetector according to the present invention further includes an AZD conversion circuit that receives a voltage value output from the filter circuit, performs AZD conversion on the voltage value, and outputs a digital value corresponding to the voltage value.
- an AZD conversion circuit that receives a voltage value output from the filter circuit, performs AZD conversion on the voltage value, and outputs a digital value corresponding to the voltage value.
- the voltage value output from the filter circuit is input to the A / D conversion circuit, and a digital value corresponding to this voltage value is output from the A / D conversion circuit.
- CDS and A / D conversion as needed, in addition to charge storage and filtering
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a photodetector 1 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a partial configuration diagram of the photodetector 1 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the photodetector 1 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart illustrating the operation of the photodetector 1 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating another circuit example of the photodetector 1 according to the present embodiment. is there.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a photodetector 1 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a partial configuration diagram of the photodetector 1 according to the present embodiment. The details of the light detection unit 10 shown in FIG. 1 are shown in FIG.
- the light detecting section 10 the light detecting section 10, (MxN) pieces of the integrating circuit 20i, i ⁇ 2 OM, N, ( MxN) pieces of CD S circuits 30 u ⁇ 30M, It includes N, (MXN) filter circuits 40i ; 1 to 40M, N, (MXN) A / D conversion circuits 50 ⁇ , ⁇ to 5 OM, N, and a control circuit 60.
- the light detection unit 10 has (KxMxN) photodiodes PD U , I to PDK, M, N and (KxMxN) switches SWi, u to SWSW, ⁇ , ⁇ .
- ⁇ is an integer of 2 or more
- ⁇ is an integer of 1 or more
- ⁇ is an integer of 2 or more
- k is an integer from 1 to K
- m is an integer from 1 to M
- n is an integer from 1 to N.
- K is 2 and M and N are 4.
- the photodiode PD k, m, n are those accumulated in the junction capacitance portion occurred charges as much as incident light intensity.
- the photodiodes PDk, m , n are arranged at the position of the m-th row and the (n + (k-1) N) column.
- the switches SW k, m, n correspond to the photodiodes PD k , m , n on a one-to-one basis, and are connected between the photodiodes PD k , m , n and the signal US L m , n. Is provided. K photo diodes
- the CDS (Correlated Double Sampling) circuit 30 m , n inputs the voltage value output from the integrator circuit 20 M , N and calculates the voltage value representing the change of this voltage value over a certain period of time. Output.
- the filter circuits 40 M and N receive the voltage values output from the CDS circuits 30 M and N , reduce the thermal noise component contained in the voltage values, and The voltage value after noise component reduction is output.
- the filter circuits 40M , N are preferably single-pass filters having filter characteristics capable of reducing thermal noise components.
- AZD converter 5 0 M, A is a filter circuit 40 M, inputs the voltage output from the N, this voltage value is converted A / D, the digital value corresponding to the voltage value (analog value) Output.
- control circuit 6 0, (KxMxN) pieces of switch SWI, I, I ⁇ SWK, M, a control signal for controlling the opening and closing of the N their respective control line CL K, the N Output.
- the control circuitry 6 the integrating circuit 2 0 M, N, CD S circuit 3 0 M, N and A / D converter circuit 5 0 M, also controls the operation of the N their respective.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the photodetector 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the photodiodes PD k , m , n switches SW k , m , n , integration circuits 20 M , N , CDS circuits 30 M , N , and filter circuits 40 M , N and one set of the AZD conversion circuit 50 M , N are shown.
- the integrating circuits 20 m and n have a pump A 20 , an integrating capacitive element C 20, and a switch SW 20 .
- Input terminal of the amplifier A 20 is the signal, are connected line SL m, the n.
- An integrating capacitor C 20 and a switch SW 20 are provided in parallel between the input and output terminals of the amplifier A 20 .
- the switch SW 2 Q is controlled by the control unit 60 to open and close. When the switch SW 2 Q is closed, the integrating capacitance element C 20 is discharged, and the voltage values output from the integrating circuits 20 M and N are initialized.
- the Rei_03 circuit 30 ⁇ , 11 includes an amplifier A 3 o, integrating capacitor C 31, the coupling capacitance element C 32 and the switch SW 3. have. Input terminal of the amplifier A 30 via the coupling capacitance element C 32, is connected to deca terminal of the integrating circuit 20 m, n of the amplifier A 20.
- An integrating capacitor C 3 i and a switch SW 30 are provided in parallel between the input and output terminals of the amplifier A 30 .
- Switch SW 3 Is controlled by the control unit 60 to open and close. When sweep rate Tutsi SW 3 o is closed, the integrating capacitive element C 31 is being discharged, CD S circuit 3 0 m, the voltage value outputted from the n is initialized.
- the time t when the switch SW 30 is opened More later, the integrating circuit 2 0 m, charges corresponding to the fluctuation of the output voltage value from the n are accumulated in the integrating capacitive element C 31, respond to the amount of charges accumulated in the integrating capacitive element C 3 i Is output from the CDS circuit 30M , N.
- filter circuit 4 0 M, N has a resistance element R 40 and the capacitor C 40.
- Fuinoreta circuit 4 0 M This, N is the act as a low pass filter, Contact Keru cut-off frequency to the filter characteristics, the resistance value of the resistance element R 4 Q and is in accordance with the capacitance value of the capacitor C 40.
- an example of the characteristic value of each element is as follows. Photodiode PD m, the junction capacitance value of n C d and the signal Izumi SL m, the sum of the parasitic capacitance I straight of n is 220 p F, the signal line SL m, the resistance value of n is 1 ⁇ . Integral The circuit 20 m, the capacitance value C f of the integrating capacitor C 2 o of n 1. a 25 p F, the integrating circuit 2 O m, the frequency band B of the n amplifiers A 20 is 1 MHz, the amplifier A 20 Input transistor. Conductance G m is 1 OmS. The temperature T is 27 ° C.
- the integrating circuit 2 O m, the thermal noise V n generated in the amplifier A 20 of n is Ru 1 21 OPV rms der.
- the capacitance value of the capacitive element C 40 of the filter circuit 4 O m , n is l OO pF, and the resistance value of the resistance element R 40 of the filter circuit 4 O m , n is 20 ⁇
- the finalizer circuit 4 O m , n has a cut-off frequency of 0.08 MHz, and the thermal noise component included in the voltage output from the filter circuit 4 O m , n is reduced to 724 ⁇ ⁇ .
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart illustrating the operation of the photodetector 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the first row to the ⁇ th row operate in parallel.
- the operation of the optical detection device 1 eight time you circulation Tw T 1> 2, Ti, 3, T W, T 2, u T 3 ⁇ 42, T 2, 3 and T 2, 4 Ru is divided into.
- the time T of each of these periods Tk , n is constant.
- Switch SW lim , l is within the period Closed, switch SWi, m> 2 is closed in a period T 1> 2, switch SWL ⁇ is closed during period 1 3, switch SW, m> 4 is closed during the period Tl, 4, switch Is closed within the period, switch SW 2 , m , 2 is closed during period T 2 , 2 , switch SW 2 , m , 3 is closed within period ⁇ 2 , 3 , switch SW 2> m , 4 is period ⁇ The switch is closed in 2 and 4 , and thereafter the switch is repeatedly opened and closed.
- the switch SW 1> na closes within the period. Before this period T i , the switch SW 20 of the integration circuit 2 On is closed and then opened, and the output voltage value of the integration circuit 20 m , i is initialized. When switch SWl, na closes, photo diode The electric charge generated in step S1 and accumulated in the junction capacitance section is input to the integration circuit 2 Onu via the switch SWi, m , i and the signal line SL m) 1.
- the output voltage value of the integration circuit 2 ⁇ is input to the CDS circuit 3 O mil .
- the CDS circuit 3 O m from i, the period from the period T u ⁇ , voltage value corresponding to the change of the output voltage value of the definitive integrating circuit 20 "a certain time of up to 2 are output.
- CD S output voltage i straight of the circuit 3 O m, i is a filter circuit 4 O m, the input to the heat ⁇ sound component i is low Gensa. and tooth force, due to the filter characteristics of the filter circuit 40 "u,
- the output voltage waveform of the filter circuit 4 O m becomes dull compared with the output voltage waveform of the CDS circuit 3 ⁇ .
- the filter circuit 4 O m the output voltage value of i, that when the value stable A ZD converter 5 O m, is AZD converted by i, the digital values from AZD conversion circuit 50 nu period 1 3 Is output.
- the digital value output from the AZD conversion circuit 5 O m , i during the period T 1> 3 is transferred from the junction capacitance part of the photodiode PDtnu to the integration capacitance element C 20 of the integration circuit 2 O m , i during the period.
- the amount corresponding to the amount of transferred charge, That is, photodiode This depends on the intensity of light incident on the light source.
- the switch SW 2 is closed in the period T 2J.
- the integration circuit 2 O m switch SW 2 o of i open after closing once, the integration circuit 2
- the output voltage value of ⁇ has been initialized
- switch SW 2 , m i is closed, the photodiode In the generated electric charges accumulated in the junction capacitance portion, sweep rate Tutsi SWs,: ⁇ and the signal line SL m, through the i type integrating circuit 2 O m, the i, the integral capacity of the integrating circuits 2 OM j element stored in the C 20, the accumulated voltage value corresponding to the amount of charge has is output from the integrating circuit 20 "alpha.
- the integrating circuit 2 O m, the output voltage value of i is input CD S circuit 3 O m, to i.
- the CDS circuit 3 O m , i outputs a voltage value corresponding to the change in the output voltage value of the integrator circuit 2 ⁇ ⁇ during a certain period of time from the period T 2) 1 to the periods ⁇ 2 and 2 .
- the output voltage value of the CDS circuit 30 was input to the filter circuit 4 O m> 1 to reduce the thermal noise component, but due to the filter characteristics of the filter circuit 4 O m , i, the filter circuit 4
- the output voltage waveform of i is assumed to dull compared to CDS circuit 3 O m, the output voltage waveform of i.
- Digital values are output from m and i.
- the digital value output from the AZD conversion circuit 5 ⁇ during the period T 2 , 3 is obtained from the junction capacitance portion of the photodiode PD, ⁇ during the period ⁇ 2 , ⁇ from the integration circuit 2 O m , i. those corresponding to the amount of charge transferred to C 20, ie, the photodiode This depends on the intensity of light incident on the light source.
- the switch The operation of the integrating circuit 20 m , u is the same as that of the 03 circuit 30 Bitcoin 1 , 1 , the filter circuit 4 Onu and the A / D conversion circuit 5 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , that is, when ⁇ is 1. ⁇ is 2 to 4. In the case of This is the same, although the operation timing is shifted.
- a digital value corresponding to the intensity of light incident on the photodiode PD 1> m is output in the period ⁇ , 3, and a digital value corresponding to the intensity of light incident on the photodiode PD 1> m , 2 is output.
- the value is output during the period T 1> 4
- a digital value corresponding to the intensity of light incident on the photodiode PDi, m , 3 is output during the period ⁇ 2 ⁇ .
- a digital value corresponding to the intensity is output in the periods ⁇ 2 and 2
- a digital value corresponding to the intensity of the light incident on the photodiode is output in the periods ⁇ 2 and 3
- the light incident on the photodiode PD 3 ⁇ 4m , 2 a digital value corresponding to the intensity of the output in the period T 2, 4
- the digital value corresponding to the intensity of light incident on the Fotodaio one de PD 2, m, 3 is output to the subsequent period T W, photodiode out PD 2, m, digital value period T 1, 2 in accordance with the intensity of light incident on 4 It is.
- (KxMxN) photodiodes PD k , m , and n are arranged in the M rows (KxN) columns in the photodetector 10.
- the thermal noise components included in the voltage values output from the integration circuits 20m , n are reduced by the filter circuits 40m , n . Also, although the voltage value waveform output from the filter circuit 40 m , n becomes dull, the operation from the charge accumulation in the integrator 20 m> a to the AZD conversion in the AZD converter 50 m , n takes time (NxT ), And the voltage value output from the filter circuit 40 m , n is A / D converted by the A / D conversion circuit 50 m , n when the value is stabilized.
- this photodetector 1 maintains the high speed of photodetection and maintains the SZN ratio of photodetection. Can be improved.
- the SZN ratio of photodetection can be improved without increasing the input transistor conductance G m of the amplifier A 20 included in the integration circuits 20 m and n, and the power consumption of the amplifier A 20 increases. And the problem of heat generation is reduced.
- CD S circuit 30 m n is provided, the integrating circuit 20 m, offset variation of n in the amplifier A 20 is removed by the CDS circuit 30 m> n Runode, in this regard, The S / N ratio of light detection is improved.
- CDS circuit 3 0 m, but the amplifier A 30 is included in n, the thermal noise from the amplifier A 30 is a thermal noise generated by the integrating circuit 20 m, Anpu A 20 included in the n It is slightly in comparison.
- the A / D conversion circuits 50 m and n are provided, the light detection data obtained by the light detection device 1 is output as digital values. Image processing is easy. Further, AZD converter 5 Om, since demand for high speed processing of pairs n is also alleviated, A / D converter circuit 5 O m, an increase in power consumption in n is suppressed.
- (KxMxN) photodiodes PDk,! ⁇ Are arranged in M rows (KxN) columns, and the photodiode PDk ⁇ n is arranged in the m-th row and (n + (k ⁇ 1) N) columns. And processing for the photodiodes PDk, m , and n (charge accumulation,
- CDS, filtering, and AZD conversion are performed in each row and in the order in which the columns are arranged, the storage of the photodetection data obtained by the photodetection device 1 and the image processing are also easy.
- CDS circuit 30 m in the above embodiment, the filter circuit 40 m downstream of n, is provided with the n, the integrating circuit 20 m, n and CD S circuit 30 m, the filter circuit between the n It may be provided.
- the filter circuit provided between the integrating circuit 20 m , n and the CDS circuit 30 m , n may have the same configuration as the above-described filter circuit 40 m , n . As shown in (1), it may be composed only of the resistance element R. This resistance element R can also function as a low-pass filter.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03780794.8A EP1575281B1 (en) | 2002-12-16 | 2003-12-16 | Optical sensor |
AU2003289366A AU2003289366A1 (en) | 2002-12-16 | 2003-12-16 | Optical sensor |
US10/539,068 US7612815B2 (en) | 2002-12-16 | 2003-12-16 | Optical sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002364123A JP4293588B2 (ja) | 2002-12-16 | 2002-12-16 | 光検出装置 |
JP2002-364123 | 2002-12-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004056093A1 true WO2004056093A1 (ja) | 2004-07-01 |
Family
ID=32588225
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/016114 WO2004056093A1 (ja) | 2002-12-16 | 2003-12-16 | 光検出装置 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7612815B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1575281B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4293588B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100461836C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003289366A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004056093A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004200794A (ja) * | 2002-12-16 | 2004-07-15 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 光検出装置 |
JP5407798B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-20 | 2014-02-05 | リコーイメージング株式会社 | 焦点検出装置および画像信号処理装置 |
KR101077408B1 (ko) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-10-26 | 서강대학교산학협력단 | Cmos 이미지 센서 |
JP5620693B2 (ja) | 2010-02-26 | 2014-11-05 | パナソニック株式会社 | 固体撮像装置およびその駆動方法、カメラ |
JP5858652B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-08 | 2016-02-10 | キヤノン株式会社 | 固体撮像装置及び固体撮像装置の駆動方法 |
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- 2003-12-16 CN CNB2003801061695A patent/CN100461836C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-16 WO PCT/JP2003/016114 patent/WO2004056093A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-12-16 US US10/539,068 patent/US7612815B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-16 EP EP03780794.8A patent/EP1575281B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1726698A (zh) | 2006-01-25 |
EP1575281B1 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
US7612815B2 (en) | 2009-11-03 |
JP4293588B2 (ja) | 2009-07-08 |
US20060227229A1 (en) | 2006-10-12 |
EP1575281A1 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
JP2004200792A (ja) | 2004-07-15 |
CN100461836C (zh) | 2009-02-11 |
AU2003289366A1 (en) | 2004-07-09 |
EP1575281A4 (en) | 2009-08-19 |
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