WO2004040105A1 - System for cooling an engine-transmission unit, in particular of a motor vehicle, comprising a liquid/liquid heat exchanger - Google Patents

System for cooling an engine-transmission unit, in particular of a motor vehicle, comprising a liquid/liquid heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004040105A1
WO2004040105A1 PCT/FR2003/003195 FR0303195W WO2004040105A1 WO 2004040105 A1 WO2004040105 A1 WO 2004040105A1 FR 0303195 W FR0303195 W FR 0303195W WO 2004040105 A1 WO2004040105 A1 WO 2004040105A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling
radiator
loop
engine
secondary loop
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2003/003195
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Jouanny
Original Assignee
Valeo Thermique Moteur
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Thermique Moteur filed Critical Valeo Thermique Moteur
Priority to AU2003290146A priority Critical patent/AU2003290146A1/en
Priority to EP03782509A priority patent/EP1556588B1/en
Priority to AT03782509T priority patent/ATE542034T1/en
Publication of WO2004040105A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004040105A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/165—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control characterised by systems with two or more loops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F01P2005/105—Using two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F01P5/12—Pump-driving arrangements
    • F01P2005/125—Driving auxiliary pumps electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2050/00—Applications
    • F01P2050/02—Marine engines
    • F01P2050/06—Marine engines using liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/02—Intercooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/04—Lubricant cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/04—Lubricant cooler
    • F01P2060/045—Lubricant cooler for transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/08—Cabin heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/14—Condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/16—Outlet manifold

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for cooling a powertrain, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a motor, in particular a thermal engine, cooled by a circulation of a cooling fluid and a cooling radiator cooled by a circulation of external atmospheric air. .
  • Engines, thermal or otherwise, of motor vehicles are usually cooled by means of a cooling radiator placed at the front of the vehicle and cooled by a flow of fresh air passing through it.
  • a cooling circuit makes it possible to circulate a heat transfer fluid between the engine and the cooling radiator to cool the engine.
  • motor vehicles include numerous items of equipment which exchange thermal energy with their external environment. These equipments are, for example, the condenser of the air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, a radiator and charge air, a cooling radiator 'of the engine oil and / or the gearbox, or another fuel cooling radiator.
  • the air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle comprises a heat exchanger, constituting a condenser, disposed at the front of the vehicle, in front of the heat engine cooling radiator.
  • a specific refrigerant, distinct from the heat transfer fluid of the heat engine, runs through the air conditioner.
  • Special lines are required to connect the condenser to the evaporator which is located in the housing of the air conditioning and heating unit of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
  • the air cooling is carried out in an air-air exchanger which is " disposed .a 1- " before the vehicle and " which is cooled by atmospheric air circulation.
  • each exchanger is dimensioned so as to provide sufficient cooling for its own critical point which does not necessarily correspond to the critical operating conditions of the other exchangers.
  • the condenser of the air conditioning circuit and the charge air radiator do not necessarily operate at full speed at the same times.
  • the exchangers penalize each other by reducing the flow rate or the speed of the air available to the other radiators.
  • the air conditioning system condenser placed in front of the engine cooling radiator, slows the air flow, even when the air conditioning system is not in operation.
  • the subject of the present invention is a system for cooling a powertrain as mentioned above which overcomes these drawbacks.
  • the motor is part of a primary loop and in that the cooling radiator is part of a secondary loop, said primary and secondary loops being able to allow independent circulation of a first and a second cooling fluid, of the same kind, the primary loop and the secondary loop being in relation heat exchange with each other via an intermediate heat exchanger crossed by both the cooling fluid of the primary loop and the fluid "of" cooling the secondary loop.
  • the cooling system uses a unique cooling exchanger exchanging with atmospheric air. Consequently, this radiator can be dimensioned widely and it is not penalized by the presence in front of or behind it of a certain number of secondary radiators of smaller dimension, like the condenser of the air conditioning circuit, the air radiator of boost, oil cooler, etc.
  • the vehicle equipment which must be cooled is not cooled, as in the prior art, by means of specific exchangers exchanging heat directly with the outside atmospheric air, but by an exchanger connected to the secondary loop and cooled by circulation of the coolant.
  • said intermediate exchanger the heat exchange between the first and the second fluid takes place, advantageously, directly, that is to say, without involving a third fluid. Said intermediate exchanger is thus crossed only by the coolant of the loop primary- and by the cooling fluid of the "secondary loop.
  • the cooling system includes an air heater branch mounted in parallel between the : " outlet " of the coolant and the inlet of the coolant into the engine;
  • an exhaust gas cooling exchanger is mounted on the heater branch
  • the cooling system comprises an oil radiator branch on which is mounted a radiator for cooling the engine oil and / or the gearbox;
  • the cooling system includes an oil radiator for cooling the engine oil and / or the gearbox integrated in the intermediate radiator;
  • the primary loop and the secondary loop each have an expansion vessel branch connected to a common expansion vessel;
  • the secondary loop includes a charge air radiator;
  • the secondary loop comprises a condenser forming part of an air conditioning circuit for the passenger compartment of the vehicle;
  • valve comprises a four-way distribution valve, the valve comprising an outlet channel connected to the condenser, an outlet channel connected to the charge air radiator and a channel connected to a short-circuit pipe;
  • thermostatic box integrated into the intermediate exchanger.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a first alternative embodiment of a cooling system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a second variant of a cooling system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 An overview of a cooling system of a vehicle heat engine 10 according to the invention.
  • This cooling system consists of a primary loop designated by the general reference 2 and a secondary loop designated by the general reference 4.
  • the primary loop includes the engine 10 of the vehicle and a water pump 12, generally a pump mechanical, which circulates a coolant through the engine block to evacuate excess calories.
  • a thermostatic box 14 At the engine outlet, there is a thermostatic box 14.
  • the secondary loop 4 comprises a cooling radiator 18 crossed by an external air flow and located at the front of the vehicle.
  • the secondary loop further comprises a number of exchangers intended to cool, possibly to heat, various pieces of equipment of the motor vehicle.
  • the cooling system comprises a charge air radiator 22 and a condenser 24.
  • the charge air radiator 22 is intended to cool the air prior to its admission into the combustion chambers of the engine. .
  • the condenser 24 is part of the air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
  • a water pump 20, generally an electric pump, circulates the cooling fluid in the secondary loop 4.
  • the same fluid circulates in the primary loop 2 and the secondary loop 4.
  • the primary loop and the secondary loop are in heat exchange relationship with each other by an intermediate heat exchanger 26 disposed between them.
  • the engine coolant after passing through the thermostatic housing 14, is conveyed by a pipe 30 to the intermediate exchanger 26. It leaves the exchanger by a pipe 32 which brings it back to the pump 12 and to the block motor 10.
  • the coolant which leaves the charge air cooler 22 and the condenser 24 is led by a pipe 34 in the intermediate exchanger 26.
  • the coolant cools the coolant the primary loop.
  • the coolant of the secondary loop leaves the intermediate exchanger by a pipe 36 which brings it back to the water pump 20, then, by a pipe 38, to the cooling radiator 18 in which it is again cooled.
  • the engine 10 is not cooled directly by heat exchange with the ambient atmospheric air, as is usually done, but by a liquid / liquid heat exchange in the intermediate exchanger 26.
  • the cooling radiator 18 is the only radiator of the cooling system of the invention.
  • the exchangers 22 and 24 are respectively air-water and freon-water exchangers which are cooled by the cooling fluid which circulates in the secondary loop.
  • the radiator 18 is used both for cooling the engine block 10, the charge air radiator 22 and the condenser 24.
  • the cooling system of the invention comprises an air heater pipe 40 on which is mounted an air heater 42 used for heating the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
  • Line 40 is mounted parallel to the engine block.
  • the housing thermostatic .14 "fact" a l circ cooling coming out of the engine block 10 by the air heater pipe 40.
  • a radiator 44 for cooling the exhaust gases can advantageously be mounted on the air heater pipe 40.
  • the system of the invention shown in Figure 1 further comprises an oil radiator line 46 on which an oil radiator 48 is mounted.
  • the line 46 is connected to the thermostatic housing 14.
  • the oil radiator is used for cool the gearbox or engine oil, or both.
  • the oil radiator 48 can be integrated into the intermediate exchanger 26. In this case, the line 46 of the oil radiator is eliminated.
  • the exchanger 26 is then a multi-fluid and multi-temperature exchanger. In the same way, it is possible to move the thermal regulation system, in other words the thermostatic box 14, on the intermediate exchanger 26.
  • the cooling system comprises a bypass line 52 connected to the thermostatic box 14 and which passes through an expansion tank 54. After passing through the expansion tank, the cooling fluid returns to the water pump 12 without having been cooled.
  • This bypass or short-circuit pipe also called bypass, is used at low temperature to promote the engine temperature rise.
  • the secondary loop 4 also includes a pipe 56 connected to the inlet of the radiator 18 and at the outlet of the intermediate exchanger 26, which passes through the expansion vessel 54, which is thus an expansion vessel common to the primary loop 2 and to the secondary loop 4.
  • the two loops do not are not isolated from each other and can communicate with each other via the expansion tank 54.
  • FIG. 2 There is shown in the " Figure" 2 ". ⁇ nè cooling system embodiment of Figure 1.
  • the same reference numerals designate the same elements of the primary loop 2 and of the secondary loop.
  • the cooling system of FIG. 2 is distinguished by the fact that it comprises a four-way distribution valve 60 situated at the outlet of the radiator 18.
  • the distribution valve 60 has an inlet channel through which the cold cooling fluid leaving the radiator 18 enters, and three outlets designated respectively by the references 60-1, 60-2 and 60-3.
  • Track 60-1 is connected to the condenser 24, track 60-2 is connected to the charge air radiator 22 and track 60-3 is connected to a short-circuit pipe 62 which is not on the Figure 1.
  • the short-circuit pipe 62 allows the cooling fluid of the secondary loop to avoid the exchangers 22 and 24 when this is not necessary. For example, at low engine power, there is no need to cool the air entering the engine chambers. Also, when the outside temperature is low, the cabin air conditioning system is not used. Thus, the entire cooling capacity of the radiator 18 is available for other functions, in particular for cooling the engine 10 of the vehicle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a system for cooling an engine, in particular a heat engine (10), cooled by circulating a coolant and a cooling radiator (18) cooled by outside ambient air. The engine forms part of a primary loop (2) and the cooling radiator (18) forms part of a secondary loop (4). The same fluid circulates in both loops. The primary loop and the secondary loop are in heat-exchanging relationship with each other via an intermediate exchanger (26) traversed by both the coolant of the primary loop (2) and by the coolant of the secondary loop (4). The invention is applicable to motor vehicles.

Description

Système de refroidissement d'un groupe motopropulseur, notamment de véhicule automobile, comprenant un échangeur liquide/liquide System for cooling a powertrain, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a liquid / liquid exchanger
L'invention concerne un système de refroidissement d'un groupe motopropulseur, notamment e véhicule automobile, comprenant un moteur, notamment thermique, refroidi par une circulation d'un fluide de refroidissement et un radiateur de refroidissement refroidi par une circulation d'air atmosphérique extérieur.The invention relates to a system for cooling a powertrain, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a motor, in particular a thermal engine, cooled by a circulation of a cooling fluid and a cooling radiator cooled by a circulation of external atmospheric air. .
Les moteurs, thermiques ou autres, de véhicules automobiles sont refroidis habituellement au moyen' d'un radiateur de refroidissement placé à l'avant du véhicule et refroidi par un flux d'air frais qui le traverse. Un circuit de refroidissement permet de faire circuler un fluide caloporteur entre le moteur et le radiateur de refroidissement pour refroidir le moteur.Engines, thermal or otherwise, of motor vehicles are usually cooled by means of a cooling radiator placed at the front of the vehicle and cooled by a flow of fresh air passing through it. A cooling circuit makes it possible to circulate a heat transfer fluid between the engine and the cooling radiator to cool the engine.
En outre, les véhicules automobiles comportent de nombreux équipements qui échangent de l'énergie thermique avec leur environnement extérieur. Ces équipements sont, par exemple, le condenseur du circuit de climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule automobile, un radiateur d'air de suralimentation, un radiateur de refroidissement 'de l'huile du moteur et/ou de la boîte de vitesses, ou encore un radiateur de refroidissement du carburant .In addition, motor vehicles include numerous items of equipment which exchange thermal energy with their external environment. These equipments are, for example, the condenser of the air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, a radiator and charge air, a cooling radiator 'of the engine oil and / or the gearbox, or another fuel cooling radiator.
Dans les véhicules fabriqués actuellement, on prévoit un circuit de fluide spécial pour chaque équipement à refroidir ou à réchauffer. Par exemple, le circuit de climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule automobile comporte un échangeur de chaleur, constituant un condenseur, disposé à l'avant du véhicule, devant le radiateur de refroidissement du moteur thermique. Un fluide frigorigêne particulier, distinct du fluide caloporteur du moteur thermique, parcourt le circuit de climatisation. Des conduites spéciales sont nécessaires pour relier le condenseur à 1 ' évaporateur qui est situé dans le boîtier de l'appareil de climatisation et de chauffage de l'habitacle du véhicule.In currently manufactured vehicles, a special fluid circuit is provided for each piece of equipment to be cooled or heated. For example, the air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle comprises a heat exchanger, constituting a condenser, disposed at the front of the vehicle, in front of the heat engine cooling radiator. A specific refrigerant, distinct from the heat transfer fluid of the heat engine, runs through the air conditioner. Special lines are required to connect the condenser to the evaporator which is located in the housing of the air conditioning and heating unit of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
De même, si le véhicule est équipé d'un refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation, le refroidissement de l'air est effectué dans un échangeur' air-air qui est" disposé .a 1-''avant du véhicule et" qui est refroidi par une circulation d'air atmosphérique.Similarly, if the vehicle is equipped with a charge air cooler, the air cooling is carried out in an air-air exchanger which is " disposed .a 1- " before the vehicle and " which is cooled by atmospheric air circulation.
Cette conception se traduit par la présence d'un grand nombre d'échangeurs distincts en face avant du véhicule. Ces échangeurs occupent un espace important. En outre, les canalisations de raccordement augmentent encore le coût et l'encombrement de ces systèmes. De plus, chaque échangeur est dimensionné de manière à assurer un refroidissement suffisant pour son propre point critique qui ne correspond pas nécessairement aux conditions de fonctionnement critique des autres échangeurs .This design results in the presence of a large number of separate exchangers on the front of the vehicle. These exchangers occupy a large space. In addition, the connecting pipes further increase the cost and size of these systems. In addition, each exchanger is dimensioned so as to provide sufficient cooling for its own critical point which does not necessarily correspond to the critical operating conditions of the other exchangers.
Par exemple, le condenseur du circuit de climatisation et le radiateur d'air de suralimentation ne fonctionnent pas à plein régime nécessairement aux mêmes instants. De ce fait, les échangeurs se pénalisent les uns les autres en diminuant le débit ou la vitesse de l'air disponible pour les autres radiateurs. Par exemple, le condenseur du circuit de climatisation, placé devant le radiateur de refroidissement du moteur, ralentit le débit de l'air, y compris lorsque le circuit de climatisation n'est pas en fonctionnement.For example, the condenser of the air conditioning circuit and the charge air radiator do not necessarily operate at full speed at the same times. As a result, the exchangers penalize each other by reducing the flow rate or the speed of the air available to the other radiators. For example, the air conditioning system condenser, placed in front of the engine cooling radiator, slows the air flow, even when the air conditioning system is not in operation.
La présente invention a pour objet un système de refroidissement d'un groupe motopropulseur tel qu'évoqué plus haut qui remédie à ces inconvénients.The subject of the present invention is a system for cooling a powertrain as mentioned above which overcomes these drawbacks.
Ces buts sont atteints, conformément à l'invention, par le fait que le moteur fait partie d'une boucle primaire et en ce que le radiateur de refroidissement fait partie d'une boucle secondaire, lesdites boucles primaires et secondaires étant aptes à autoriser une circulation indépendante d'un premier et d'un second fluide de refroidissement, de même nature, la boucle primaire et la boucle secondaire étant en relation d'échange thermique l'une avec l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'un échangeur intermédiaire traversé à la fois par le fluide de refroidissement de la boucle primaire et par le fluide" de" refroidissement de la boucle secondaire.These objects are achieved, in accordance with the invention, by the fact that the motor is part of a primary loop and in that the cooling radiator is part of a secondary loop, said primary and secondary loops being able to allow independent circulation of a first and a second cooling fluid, of the same kind, the primary loop and the secondary loop being in relation heat exchange with each other via an intermediate heat exchanger crossed by both the cooling fluid of the primary loop and the fluid "of" cooling the secondary loop.
Par fluide « de même nature », on entend que les fluides ont sensiblement les mêmes caractéristiques physiques, notamment la même viscosité et/ou les mêmes points de changement d'état, voire la même composition.By fluid "of the same kind" is meant that the fluids have substantially the same physical characteristics, in particular the same viscosity and / or the same change of state points, or even the same composition.
Grâce à cette caractéristique, le système de refroidissement utilise un échangeur de refroidissement unique échangeant avec l'air atmosphérique. En conséquence, ce radiateur peut être dimensionné largement et il n'est pas pénalisé par la présence devant ou derrière lui d'un certain nombre de radiateurs secondaires de plus petite dimension, comme le condenseur du circuit de climatisation, le radiateur d'air de suralimentation, le radiateur d'huile, etc.Thanks to this characteristic, the cooling system uses a unique cooling exchanger exchanging with atmospheric air. Consequently, this radiator can be dimensioned widely and it is not penalized by the presence in front of or behind it of a certain number of secondary radiators of smaller dimension, like the condenser of the air conditioning circuit, the air radiator of boost, oil cooler, etc.
Les équipements du véhicule qui doivent être refroidis ne sont pas refroidis, comme dans l'art antérieur, au moyen d' échangeurs particuliers échangeant directement de la chaleur avec l'air atmosphérique extérieur, mais par un échangeur raccordé à la boucle secondaire et refroidi par la circulation du fluide de refroidissement.The vehicle equipment which must be cooled is not cooled, as in the prior art, by means of specific exchangers exchanging heat directly with the outside atmospheric air, but by an exchanger connected to the secondary loop and cooled by circulation of the coolant.
Dans ledit échangeur intermédiaire, l'échange thermique entre le premier et le second fluide a lieu, avantageusement, de façon directe, c'est-à-dire, sans faire intervenir de troisième fluide. Ledit échangeur intermédiaire est ainsi traversé uniquement par le fluide de refroidissement de la boucle primaire- et par le fluide de refroidissement de la boucle " secondaire .In said intermediate exchanger, the heat exchange between the first and the second fluid takes place, advantageously, directly, that is to say, without involving a third fluid. Said intermediate exchanger is thus crossed only by the coolant of the loop primary- and by the cooling fluid of the "secondary loop.
Des caractéristiques complémentaires et/ou alternatives de l'invention sont énumérées ci-après :Additional and / or alternative features of the invention are listed below:
- le système de refroidissement comporte une branche d'aérotherme montée en parallèle entre la :sortie" du fluide de refroidissement et l'entrée du fluide de refroidissement dans le moteur thermique ;- The cooling system includes an air heater branch mounted in parallel between the : " outlet " of the coolant and the inlet of the coolant into the engine;
-un échangeur de refroidissement des gaz d'échappement est monté sur la branche d'aérotherme ;an exhaust gas cooling exchanger is mounted on the heater branch;
- le système de refroidissement comporte une branche de radiateur à huile sur laquelle est monté un radiateur de refroidissement de l'huile du moteur et/ou de la boîte de vitesses ;- the cooling system comprises an oil radiator branch on which is mounted a radiator for cooling the engine oil and / or the gearbox;
- le système de refroidissement comporte un radiateur à huile de refroidissement de l'huile du moteur et/ou de la boîte de vitesses intégré au radiateur intermédiaire ; - la boucle primaire et la boucle secondaire possèdent chacune une branche de vase d'expansion reliée à un vase d'expansion commun ;- the cooling system includes an oil radiator for cooling the engine oil and / or the gearbox integrated in the intermediate radiator; - The primary loop and the secondary loop each have an expansion vessel branch connected to a common expansion vessel;
- la boucle secondaire comporte un radiateur d'air de suralimentation ; - la boucle secondaire comporte un condenseur faisant partie d'un circuit de climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule ;- the secondary loop includes a charge air radiator; - The secondary loop comprises a condenser forming part of an air conditioning circuit for the passenger compartment of the vehicle;
- il comporte une vanne de distribution à quatre voies, la vanne comportant une voie de sortie reliée au condenseur, une voie de sortie reliée au radiateur d'air de suralimentation et une voie reliée à une canalisation de court-circuit ;- It comprises a four-way distribution valve, the valve comprising an outlet channel connected to the condenser, an outlet channel connected to the charge air radiator and a channel connected to a short-circuit pipe;
-il comporte un boîtier thermostatique intégré à l' échangeur intermédiaire .-it includes a thermostatic box integrated into the intermediate exchanger.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore à la lecture de la description qui suit d'exemples de réalisation donnés à titre illustratif en référence aux figures annexées . Sur ces figures :Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments given by way of illustration in reference to the appended figures. In these figures:
- la .Figure 1 illustre une première variante de réalisation d'un système de refroidissement conforme à la présente invention ; et- The .Figure 1 illustrates a first alternative embodiment of a cooling system according to the present invention; and
- la Figure 2 illustre une seconde variante d'un système de refroidissement conforme à l'invention.- Figure 2 illustrates a second variant of a cooling system according to the invention.
On a représenté sur la Figure 1 une vue d'ensemble d'un système de refroidissement d'un moteur thermique 10 de véhicule conforme à l'invention. Ce système de refroidissement est constitué d'une boucle primaire désignée par la référence générale 2 et d'une boucle secondaire désignée par la référence générale 4. La boucle primaire inclut le moteur thermique 10 du véhicule et une pompe à eau 12, généralement une pompe mécanique, qui fait circuler un fluide de refroidissement à travers le bloc du moteur afin d'évacuer les calories excédentaires. En sortie de moteur, on trouve un boîtier thermostatique 14.There is shown in Figure 1 an overview of a cooling system of a vehicle heat engine 10 according to the invention. This cooling system consists of a primary loop designated by the general reference 2 and a secondary loop designated by the general reference 4. The primary loop includes the engine 10 of the vehicle and a water pump 12, generally a pump mechanical, which circulates a coolant through the engine block to evacuate excess calories. At the engine outlet, there is a thermostatic box 14.
La boucle secondaire 4 comprend un radiateur de refroidissement 18 traversé par un flux d'air extérieur et situé à l'avant du véhicule. La boucle secondaire comprend, en outre, un certain nombre d' échangeurs destinés à refroidir, éventuellement à réchauffer, divers équipements du véhicule automobile. Dans l'exemple représenté, le système de refroidissement comprend un radiateur d'air de suralimentation 22 et un condenseur 24. Le radiateur d'air de suralimentation 22 est destiné à refroidir l'air préalablement à son admission dans les chambres de combustion du moteur. Le condenseur 24 fait partie du circuit de climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule. Une pompe à eau 20, généralement une pompe électrique, met en circulation le fluide de refroidissement dans la boucle secondaire 4. Le même fluide circule dans la boucle primaire 2 et la boucle secondaire 4. La boucle primaire et la boucle secondaire sont en relation d'échange thermique l'une avec l'autre par un échangeur de chaleur intermédiaire 26 disposé entre elles. Le fluide de refroidissement du moteur, après avoir traversé le boîtier thermostatique 14, est acheminé par une canalisation 30 jusqu'à l' échangeur intermédiaire 26. Il ressort de l' échangeur par une canalisation 32 qui le ramène à la pompe 12 et au bloc moteur 10.The secondary loop 4 comprises a cooling radiator 18 crossed by an external air flow and located at the front of the vehicle. The secondary loop further comprises a number of exchangers intended to cool, possibly to heat, various pieces of equipment of the motor vehicle. In the example shown, the cooling system comprises a charge air radiator 22 and a condenser 24. The charge air radiator 22 is intended to cool the air prior to its admission into the combustion chambers of the engine. . The condenser 24 is part of the air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. A water pump 20, generally an electric pump, circulates the cooling fluid in the secondary loop 4. The same fluid circulates in the primary loop 2 and the secondary loop 4. The primary loop and the secondary loop are in heat exchange relationship with each other by an intermediate heat exchanger 26 disposed between them. The engine coolant, after passing through the thermostatic housing 14, is conveyed by a pipe 30 to the intermediate exchanger 26. It leaves the exchanger by a pipe 32 which brings it back to the pump 12 and to the block motor 10.
De la même manière, le fluide de refroidissement qui sort du refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation 22 et du condenseur 24 est conduit par une canalisation 34 dans l' échangeur intermédiaire 26. Dans cet échangeur, le fluide de refroidissement refroidit le fluide de refroidissement de la boucle primaire. Ensuite, le fluide de refroidissement de la boucle secondaire quitte l' échangeur intermédiaire par une canalisation 36 qui le ramène à la pompe à eau 20, puis, par une canalisation 38, au radiateur de refroidissement 18 dans lequel il est à nouveau refroidi.In the same way, the coolant which leaves the charge air cooler 22 and the condenser 24 is led by a pipe 34 in the intermediate exchanger 26. In this exchanger, the coolant cools the coolant the primary loop. Then, the coolant of the secondary loop leaves the intermediate exchanger by a pipe 36 which brings it back to the water pump 20, then, by a pipe 38, to the cooling radiator 18 in which it is again cooled.
Ainsi, le moteur 10 n'est pas refroidi directement par échange de chaleur avec l'air atmosphérique ambiant, comme cela se fait habituellement, mais par un échange de chaleur liquide/liquide dans l' échangeur intermédiaire 26. On constate, en outre, que le radiateur de refroidissement 18 est l'unique radiateur du système de refroidissement de l'invention. Les échangeurs 22 et 24 sont respectivement des échangeurs air-eau et fréon-eau qui sont refroidis par le fluide de refroidissement qui circule dans la boucle secondaire.Thus, the engine 10 is not cooled directly by heat exchange with the ambient atmospheric air, as is usually done, but by a liquid / liquid heat exchange in the intermediate exchanger 26. It can also be seen, that the cooling radiator 18 is the only radiator of the cooling system of the invention. The exchangers 22 and 24 are respectively air-water and freon-water exchangers which are cooled by the cooling fluid which circulates in the secondary loop.
Ainsi, le radiateur 18 sert à la fois au refroidissement du bloc moteur 10, du radiateur d'air de suralimentation 22 et du condenseur 24. On réduit ainsi fortement le nombre d' échangeurs en face avant du véhicule par rapport aux systèmes actuellement connus. Le système gagne en simplicité et son encombrement en face avant est diminué . Avantageusement, le système de refroidissement de l'invention comporte une canalisation d'aérotherme 40 sur laquelle est monté un aérotherme 42 utilisé pour le chauffage de l'habitacle du véhicule. La canalisation 40 est montée parallèlement au bloc moteur. Lorsque le chauffage de l'habitacle est souhaité, par exemple par basse température extérieure, le boîtier thermostatiquè .14" fait" circ ler une
Figure imgf000009_0001
de refroidissement sortant du bloc moteur 10 par la canalisation d'aérotherme 40. En outre, un radiateur 44 de refroidissement des gaz d'échappement peut être avantageusement monté sur la canalisation d'aérotherme 40.Thus, the radiator 18 is used both for cooling the engine block 10, the charge air radiator 22 and the condenser 24. This greatly reduces the number of exchangers on the front of the vehicle compared to currently known systems. The system gains in simplicity and its size on the front panel is reduced. Advantageously, the cooling system of the invention comprises an air heater pipe 40 on which is mounted an air heater 42 used for heating the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Line 40 is mounted parallel to the engine block. When the heating of the passenger compartment is desired, for example, by low outside temperature, the housing thermostatic .14 "fact" a l circ
Figure imgf000009_0001
cooling coming out of the engine block 10 by the air heater pipe 40. In addition, a radiator 44 for cooling the exhaust gases can advantageously be mounted on the air heater pipe 40.
Le système de l'invention représenté sur la Figure 1 comporte, en outre, une canalisation 46 de radiateur à huile sur laquelle est monté un radiateur à huile 48. La canalisation 46 est raccordée au boîtier thermostatique 14. Le radiateur à huile est utilisé pour refroidir l'huile de la boîte de vitesses ou celle du moteur, voire les deux. En variante de réalisation, le radiateur à huile 48 peut être intégré à 1 ' échangeur intermédiaire 26. Dans ce cas, la canalisation 46 de radiateur à huile est supprimée. L' échangeur 26 est alors un échangeur multi-fluides et multi-températures . De la même manière, il est possible de déplacer le système de régulation thermique, en d'autres termes le boîtier thermostatique 14, sur l' échangeur intermédiaire 26.The system of the invention shown in Figure 1 further comprises an oil radiator line 46 on which an oil radiator 48 is mounted. The line 46 is connected to the thermostatic housing 14. The oil radiator is used for cool the gearbox or engine oil, or both. In an alternative embodiment, the oil radiator 48 can be integrated into the intermediate exchanger 26. In this case, the line 46 of the oil radiator is eliminated. The exchanger 26 is then a multi-fluid and multi-temperature exchanger. In the same way, it is possible to move the thermal regulation system, in other words the thermostatic box 14, on the intermediate exchanger 26.
Enfin, le système de refroidissement comporte une canalisation de dérivation 52 raccordée au boîtier thermostatique 14 et qui transite par un vase d'expansion 54. Après avoir traversé le vase d'expansion, le fluide de refroidissement retourne vers la pompe à eau 12 sans avoir été refroidi. Cette canalisation de dérivation ou de court-circui , encore appelée bipasse («by- pass») , est utilisée à basse température pour favoriser la montée en température du moteur. La boucle secondaire 4 comporte également une canalisation 56 raccordée à l'entrée du radiateur 18 et à la sortie de 1 ' échangeur intermédiaire 26, qui transite par le vase d'expansion 54, qui est ainsi un vase d'expansion commun à la boucle primaire 2 et à la boucle secondaire 4. Ainsi, les deux boucles ne sont pas isolées l'une de l'autre et peuvent communiquer entre elles par l'intermédiaire du vase d'expansion 54.Finally, the cooling system comprises a bypass line 52 connected to the thermostatic box 14 and which passes through an expansion tank 54. After passing through the expansion tank, the cooling fluid returns to the water pump 12 without having been cooled. This bypass or short-circuit pipe, also called bypass, is used at low temperature to promote the engine temperature rise. The secondary loop 4 also includes a pipe 56 connected to the inlet of the radiator 18 and at the outlet of the intermediate exchanger 26, which passes through the expansion vessel 54, which is thus an expansion vessel common to the primary loop 2 and to the secondary loop 4. Thus, the two loops do not are not isolated from each other and can communicate with each other via the expansion tank 54.
On a représenté sur la 'Figure "2".ύnè variante de réalisation du système de refroidissement de la Figure 1. Sur la Figure 2 , les mêmes chiffres de référence désignent les mêmes éléments de la boucle primaire 2 et de la boucle secondaire . Le système de refroidissement de la Figure 2 se distingue par le fait qu'il comporte une vanne de distribution à quatre voies 60 située en sortie de radiateur 18.There is shown in the "Figure" 2 ".ύnè cooling system embodiment of Figure 1. In Figure 2, the same reference numerals designate the same elements of the primary loop 2 and of the secondary loop. The cooling system of FIG. 2 is distinguished by the fact that it comprises a four-way distribution valve 60 situated at the outlet of the radiator 18.
La vanne de distribution 60 comporte une voie d'entrée par laquelle le fluide de refroidissement froid sortant du radiateur 18 pénètre, et trois sorties désignées respectivement par les références 60-1, 60-2 et 60-3. La voie 60-1 est reliée au condenseur 24, la voie 60-2 est reliée au radiateur d'air de suralimentation 22 et la voie 60-3 est reliée à une canalisation de court-circuit 62 qui ne figure pas sur le système de la Figure 1.The distribution valve 60 has an inlet channel through which the cold cooling fluid leaving the radiator 18 enters, and three outlets designated respectively by the references 60-1, 60-2 and 60-3. Track 60-1 is connected to the condenser 24, track 60-2 is connected to the charge air radiator 22 and track 60-3 is connected to a short-circuit pipe 62 which is not on the Figure 1.
La canalisation de court-circuit 62 permet au fluide de refroidissement de la boucle secondaire d'éviter les échangeurs 22 et 24 lorsque cela n'est pas nécessaire. Par exemple, à faible puissance du moteur, il n'est pas nécessaire de refroidir l'air admis dans les chambres du moteur. Egalement, lorsque la température extérieure est basse, le système de climatisation de l'habitacle n'est pas utilisé. Ainsi, la totalité de la capacité de refroidissement du radiateur 18 est disponible pour d'autres fonctions, notamment pour le refroidissement du moteur 10 du véhicule. The short-circuit pipe 62 allows the cooling fluid of the secondary loop to avoid the exchangers 22 and 24 when this is not necessary. For example, at low engine power, there is no need to cool the air entering the engine chambers. Also, when the outside temperature is low, the cabin air conditioning system is not used. Thus, the entire cooling capacity of the radiator 18 is available for other functions, in particular for cooling the engine 10 of the vehicle.

Claims

Re vendi c a t i ons Re vendi cati ons
1. Système de refroidissement d'un groupe motopropulseur, notamment de véhicule automobile, comprenant un moteur (10) , notamment thermique, refroidi par une circulation d'un fluide de refroidissement, et un radiateur de refroidissement (18) refroidi par une circulation d'air atmosphérique extérieur, caractérisé en~ce "que lé" moteur7^10)-' fait' partie d'une boucle primaire (2) et en ce que le radiateur de refroidissement (18) fait partie d'une boucle secondaire (4) , lesdites boucles primaires et secondaires étant aptes à autoriser une circulation indépendante d'un premier et d'un second fluide de refroidissement, de même nature, la boucle primaire (2) et la boucle secondaire (4) étant en relation d'échange thermique l'une avec l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'un échangeur intermédiaire (26) traversé à la fois par le fluide de refroidissement de la boucle primaire (2) et par le fluide de refroidissement de la boucle secondaire (4) .1. Cooling system of a powertrain, in particular of a motor vehicle, comprising a motor (10), in particular a thermal engine, cooled by a circulation of a cooling fluid, and a cooling radiator (18) cooled by a circulation d outside atmospheric air, characterized in that ~ "that the" moteur7 ^ 10) - 'is' part of a primary loop (2) and in that the cooling radiator (18) is part of a secondary loop (4 ), said primary and secondary loops being able to allow independent circulation of a first and a second cooling fluid, of the same kind, the primary loop (2) and the secondary loop (4) being in exchange relationship thermal with each other by means of an intermediate exchanger (26) through which both the coolant of the primary loop (2) and the coolant of the secondary loop (4) pass.
2. Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une branche d'aérotherme (40) montée en parallèle entre la sortie et l'entrée du bloc moteur (10) comportant un aérotherme (42) .2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an air heater branch (40) mounted in parallel between the outlet and the inlet of the engine block (10) comprising an air heater (42).
3. Système selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un échangeur (44) de refroidissement des gaz d'échappement est monté sur la branche d'aérotherme (40) .3. System according to claim 2, characterized in that an exchanger (44) for cooling the exhaust gases is mounted on the heater branch (40).
4. Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une branche de radiateur à huile (46) sur laquelle est monté un radiateur à huile (48) de refroidissement de l'huile du moteur et/ou de la boîte de vitesses.4. System according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises an oil radiator branch (46) on which is mounted an oil radiator (48) for cooling the engine oil and / or the gearbox.
5. Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un radiateur à huile intégré à ' échangeur intermédiaire (26) . 5. System according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises an oil radiator integrated in 'intermediate exchanger (26).
6. Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la boucle primaire (2) et la boucle secondaire (4) possèdent chacune une branche de vase d'expansion (52, 56) reliée à un vase d'expansion commun (54) .6. System according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the primary loop (2) and the secondary loop (4) each have an expansion vessel branch (52, 56) connected to a vessel common expansion (54).
7. Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la boucle secondaire (4)- comporte un radiateur d ir" de " suralimentation (22) .7. System according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the secondary loop (4) - comprises a radiator of ir " of " supercharging (22).
8. Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la boucle secondaire (4) comporte un condenseur (24) faisant partie d'un circuit de climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule.8. System according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the secondary loop (4) comprises a condenser (24) forming part of an air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
9. Système selon les revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une vanne de distribution (60) à quatre voies, la vanne (60) comportant une voie de sortie (60-1) reliée au condenseur (24) , une voie de sortie (60-2) reliée au radiateur d'air de suralimentation (22) et une voie (60-3) reliée à une canalisation de court-circuit (62) .9. System according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that it comprises a four-way distribution valve (60), the valve (60) comprising an outlet channel (60-1) connected to the condenser (24), an outlet channel (60-2) connected to the charge air radiator (22) and a channel (60-3) connected to a short-circuit pipe (62).
10. Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un boîtier thermostatique intégré à l'échangeur intermédiaire (26). 10. System according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises a thermostatic housing integrated into the intermediate exchanger (26).
PCT/FR2003/003195 2002-10-29 2003-10-28 System for cooling an engine-transmission unit, in particular of a motor vehicle, comprising a liquid/liquid heat exchanger WO2004040105A1 (en)

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AU2003290146A AU2003290146A1 (en) 2002-10-29 2003-10-28 System for cooling an engine-transmission unit, in particular of a motor vehicle, comprising a liquid/liquid heat exchanger
EP03782509A EP1556588B1 (en) 2002-10-29 2003-10-28 System for cooling an engine-transmission unit, in particular of a motor vehicle, comprising a liquid/liquid heat exchanger
AT03782509T ATE542034T1 (en) 2002-10-29 2003-10-28 COOLING SYSTEM OF A POWER UNIT, PARTICULARLY A MOTOR VEHICLE HAVING A LIQUID-LIQUID HEAT EXCHANGER

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FR02/13539 2002-10-29
FR0213539A FR2846368B1 (en) 2002-10-29 2002-10-29 COOLING SYSTEM OF A MOTOR VEHICLE THERMAL MOTOR COMPRISING A LIQUID / LIQUID EXCHANGER

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SE1851252A1 (en) * 2018-10-12 2019-09-13 Scania Cv Ab Cooling system and method for controlling temperature of coolant

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DE102012223069A1 (en) * 2012-12-13 2014-06-18 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Coolant circuit for an internal combustion engine

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FR2846368B1 (en) 2007-02-09
ATE542034T1 (en) 2012-02-15
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AU2003290146A1 (en) 2004-05-25
FR2846368A1 (en) 2004-04-30

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