EP1556588B1 - System for cooling an engine-transmission unit, in particular of a motor vehicle, comprising a liquid/liquid heat exchanger - Google Patents

System for cooling an engine-transmission unit, in particular of a motor vehicle, comprising a liquid/liquid heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1556588B1
EP1556588B1 EP03782509A EP03782509A EP1556588B1 EP 1556588 B1 EP1556588 B1 EP 1556588B1 EP 03782509 A EP03782509 A EP 03782509A EP 03782509 A EP03782509 A EP 03782509A EP 1556588 B1 EP1556588 B1 EP 1556588B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
engine
radiator
loop
secondary loop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03782509A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1556588A1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Jouanny
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Publication of EP1556588A1 publication Critical patent/EP1556588A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/165—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control characterised by systems with two or more loops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F01P2005/105—Using two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F01P5/12—Pump-driving arrangements
    • F01P2005/125—Driving auxiliary pumps electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2050/00—Applications
    • F01P2050/02—Marine engines
    • F01P2050/06—Marine engines using liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/02—Intercooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/04—Lubricant cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/04—Lubricant cooler
    • F01P2060/045—Lubricant cooler for transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/08—Cabin heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/14—Condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/16—Outlet manifold

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling system for a powertrain, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a motor, in particular a heat engine, cooled by a circulation of a cooling fluid and a cooling radiator cooled by an external atmospheric air circulation. .
  • Engines, thermal or otherwise, of motor vehicles are usually cooled by means of a cooling radiator placed at the front of the vehicle and cooled by a flow of fresh air passing through it.
  • a cooling circuit circulates a heat transfer fluid between the engine and the cooling radiator to cool the engine.
  • motor vehicles include many equipment that exchange thermal energy with their external environment.
  • This equipment is, for example, the condenser of the air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, a charge air radiator, a radiator for cooling the engine oil and / or the gearbox, or a radiator for cooling the fuel.
  • the air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle comprises a heat exchanger, constituting a condenser, disposed at the front of the vehicle, in front of the cooling radiator of the engine.
  • a particular refrigerant separate from the heat transfer fluid of the engine, travels through the air conditioning circuit.
  • Special pipes are needed to connect the condenser to the evaporator which is located in the housing of the air conditioning and heating unit of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
  • the cooling of the air is performed in an air-air heat exchanger which is arranged at the front of the vehicle and which is cooled by a circulation of air. atmospheric air.
  • each exchanger is sized to provide sufficient cooling for its own critical point that does not necessarily correspond to the critical operating conditions of other exchangers.
  • the air conditioning condenser and the charge air radiator do not operate at full speed necessarily at the same times.
  • the exchangers penalize each other by decreasing the flow rate or the air velocity available for the other radiators.
  • the air conditioning condenser placed in front of the engine cooling radiator, slows down the air flow, even when the air conditioning system is not in operation.
  • the present invention relates to a cooling system of a powertrain as mentioned above which overcomes these disadvantages.
  • the cooling system uses a unique cooling exchanger that exchanges with atmospheric air. Consequently, this radiator can be dimensioned widely and it is not penalized by the presence in front of or behind it of a number of secondary radiators of smaller size, such as the condenser of the air conditioning circuit, the air radiator of supercharger, oil cooler, etc.
  • the equipment of the vehicle to be cooled is not cooled, as in the prior art, by means of special exchangers exchanging heat directly with the outside atmospheric air, but by an exchanger connected to the secondary loop and cooled by the circulation of the cooling fluid.
  • said intermediate exchanger the heat exchange between the first and second fluid takes place, advantageously, directly, that is to say, without involving a third fluid.
  • Said intermediate exchanger is thus crossed only by the cooling fluid of the loop primary and by the cooling fluid of the secondary loop.
  • This cooling system consists of a primary loop designated by the general reference 2 and a secondary loop designated by the general reference 4.
  • the primary loop includes the engine 10 of the vehicle and a water pump 12, usually a pump mechanical, which circulates a cooling fluid through the engine block in order to evacuate excess calories.
  • a thermostatic housing 14 At the motor output, there is a thermostatic housing 14.
  • the secondary loop 4 comprises a cooling radiator 18 traversed by an outside air flow and located at the front of the vehicle.
  • the secondary loop further comprises a number of exchangers for cooling, possibly heating, various equipment of the motor vehicle.
  • the cooling system comprises a charge air cooler 22 and a condenser 24.
  • the charge air radiator 22 is intended to cool the air prior to admission into the combustion chambers of the engine. .
  • the condenser 24 is part of the air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
  • a water pump 20, generally an electric pump, circulates the cooling fluid in the secondary loop 4. The same fluid flows in the primary loop 2 and the secondary loop 4.
  • the primary loop and the secondary loop are in heat exchange relationship with each other by an intermediate heat exchanger 26 disposed between them.
  • the engine cooling fluid after passing through the thermostatic housing 14, is conveyed via a pipe 30 to the intermediate heat exchanger 26. It emerges from the heat exchanger via a pipe 32 which returns it to the pump 12 and to the block motor 10.
  • the cooling fluid leaving the charge air cooler 22 and the condenser 24 is led through a pipe 34 in the intermediate heat exchanger 26.
  • the cooling fluid cools the cooling fluid of the primary loop.
  • the cooling fluid of the secondary loop leaves the intermediate heat exchanger via a pipe 36 which returns it to the water pump 20, then through a pipe 38 to the cooling radiator 18 in which it is cooled again.
  • the motor 10 is not cooled directly by heat exchange with the ambient atmospheric air, as is usually done, but by a liquid / liquid heat exchange in the intermediate exchanger 26. that the cooling radiator 18 is the only radiator of the cooling system of the invention.
  • the exchangers 22 and 24 are respectively air-water and freon-water exchangers which are cooled by the cooling fluid flowing in the secondary loop.
  • the radiator 18 serves both to cool the engine block 10, the charge air radiator 22 and the condenser 24. This greatly reduces the number of exchangers on the front of the vehicle compared to currently known systems. The system gains in simplicity and its size in the front face is decreased.
  • the cooling system of the invention comprises a heater pipe 40 on which is mounted a heater 42 used for heating the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
  • the pipe 40 is mounted parallel to the engine block.
  • the thermostatic housing 14 circulates a fraction of the cooling fluid leaving the engine block 10 through the heater pipe 40.
  • a cooling radiator 44 exhaust gas can be advantageously mounted on the duct heater 40.
  • the system of the invention shown on the Figure 1 further comprises an oil radiator pipe 46 on which is mounted an oil radiator 48.
  • the pipe 46 is connected to the thermostatic housing 14.
  • the oil radiator is used to cool the gearbox oil or the oil cooler. engine, or both.
  • the oil radiator 48 may be integrated in the intermediate heat exchanger 26. In this case, the oil radiator pipe 46 is eliminated.
  • the exchanger 26 is then a multi-fluid and multi-temperature exchanger. In the same way, it is possible to move the thermal control system, in other words the thermostatic housing 14, on the intermediate heat exchanger 26.
  • the cooling system comprises a bypass line 52 connected to the thermostatic housing 14 and which passes through an expansion tank 54. After passing through the expansion vessel, the cooling fluid returns to the water pump 12 without having been cooled.
  • This bypass or short circuit also called bypass (bypass)
  • bypass is used at low temperatures to promote the temperature rise of the engine.
  • the secondary loop 4 also comprises a pipe 56 connected to the inlet of the radiator 18 and at the outlet of the intermediate exchanger 26, which passes through the expansion vessel 54, which is thus an expansion vessel common to the primary loop 2 and the secondary loop 4.
  • the two loops do not are not isolated from one another and can communicate with one another via the expansion vessel 54.
  • the cooling system of the Figure 2 is distinguished by the fact that it comprises a four-way distribution valve 60 located radiator output 18.
  • the distribution valve 60 comprises an inlet channel through which the cold cooling fluid exiting the radiator 18 enters, and three outlets designated respectively by the references 60-1, 60-2 and 60-3.
  • Channel 60-1 is connected to condenser 24, track 60-2 is connected to the charge air cooler 22 and track 60-3 is connected to a short-circuit line 62 which is not on the control system. the Figure 1 .
  • the short-circuiting line 62 allows the cooling fluid of the secondary loop to avoid the exchangers 22 and 24 when this is not necessary. For example, at low engine power, it is not necessary to cool the air admitted to the engine chambers. Also, when the outside temperature is low, the air conditioning system of the cabin is not used. Thus, the entire cooling capacity of the radiator 18 is available for other functions, in particular for cooling the engine 10 of the vehicle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a system for cooling an engine, in particular a heat engine (10), cooled by circulating a coolant and a cooling radiator (18) cooled by outside ambient air. The engine forms part of a primary loop (2) and the cooling radiator (18) forms part of a secondary loop (4). The same fluid circulates in both loops. The primary loop and the secondary loop are in heat-exchanging relationship with each other via an intermediate exchanger (26) traversed by both the coolant of the primary loop (2) and by the coolant of the secondary loop (4). The invention is applicable to motor vehicles.

Description

L'invention concerne un système de refroidissement d'un groupe motopropulseur, notamment de véhicule automobile, comprenant un moteur, notamment thermique, refroidi par une circulation d'un fluide de refroidissement et un radiateur de refroidissement refroidi par une circulation d'air atmosphérique extérieur.The invention relates to a cooling system for a powertrain, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a motor, in particular a heat engine, cooled by a circulation of a cooling fluid and a cooling radiator cooled by an external atmospheric air circulation. .

Les moteurs, thermiques ou autres, de véhicules automobiles sont refroidis habituellement au moyen d'un radiateur de refroidissement placé à l'avant du véhicule et refroidi par un flux d'air frais qui le traverse. Un circuit de refroidissement permet de faire circuler un fluide caloporteur entre le moteur et le radiateur de refroidissement pour refroidir le moteur.Engines, thermal or otherwise, of motor vehicles are usually cooled by means of a cooling radiator placed at the front of the vehicle and cooled by a flow of fresh air passing through it. A cooling circuit circulates a heat transfer fluid between the engine and the cooling radiator to cool the engine.

En outre, les véhicules automobiles comportent de nombreux équipements qui échangent de l'énergie thermique avec leur environnement extérieur. Ces équipements sont, par exemple, le condenseur du circuit de climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule automobile, un radiateur d'air de suralimentation, un radiateur de refroidissement de l'huile du moteur et/ou de la boîte de vitesses, ou encore un radiateur de refroidissement du carburant.In addition, motor vehicles include many equipment that exchange thermal energy with their external environment. This equipment is, for example, the condenser of the air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, a charge air radiator, a radiator for cooling the engine oil and / or the gearbox, or a radiator for cooling the fuel.

Dans les véhicules fabriqués actuellement, on prévoit un circuit de fluide spécial pour chaque équipement à refroidir ou à réchauffer. Par exemple, le circuit de climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule automobile comporte un échangeur de chaleur, constituant un condenseur, disposé à l'avant du véhicule, devant le radiateur de refroidissement du moteur thermique. Un fluide frigorigène particulier, distinct du fluide caloporteur du moteur thermique, parcourt le circuit de climatisation. Des conduites spéciales sont nécessaires pour relier le condenseur à l'évaporateur qui est situé dans le boîtier de l'appareil de climatisation et de chauffage de l'habitacle du véhicule. De même, si le véhicule est équipé d'un refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation, le refroidissement de l'air est effectué dans un échangeur air-air qui est disposé à l'avant du véhicule et qui est refroidi par une circulation d'air atmosphérique.In vehicles currently manufactured, a special fluid circuit is provided for each equipment to be cooled or heated. For example, the air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle comprises a heat exchanger, constituting a condenser, disposed at the front of the vehicle, in front of the cooling radiator of the engine. A particular refrigerant, separate from the heat transfer fluid of the engine, travels through the air conditioning circuit. Special pipes are needed to connect the condenser to the evaporator which is located in the housing of the air conditioning and heating unit of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Similarly, if the vehicle is equipped with a charge air cooler, the cooling of the air is performed in an air-air heat exchanger which is arranged at the front of the vehicle and which is cooled by a circulation of air. atmospheric air.

Cette conception se traduit par la présence d'un grand nombre d'échangeurs distincts en face avant du véhicule. Ces échangeurs occupent un espace important. En outre, les canalisations de raccordement augmentent encore le coût et l'encombrement de ces systèmes. De plus, chaque échangeur est dimensionné de manière à assurer un refroidissement suffisant pour son propre point critique qui ne correspond pas nécessairement aux conditions de fonctionnement critique des autres échangeurs.This design results in the presence of a large number of separate exchangers on the front of the vehicle. These exchangers occupy an important space. In addition, the connecting pipes further increase the cost and bulk of these systems. In addition, each exchanger is sized to provide sufficient cooling for its own critical point that does not necessarily correspond to the critical operating conditions of other exchangers.

Par exemple, le condenseur du circuit de climatisation et le radiateur d'air de suralimentation ne fonctionnent pas à plein régime nécessairement aux mêmes instants. De ce fait, les échangeurs se pénalisent les uns les autres en diminuant le débit ou la vitesse de l'air disponible pour les autres radiateurs. Par exemple, le condenseur du circuit de climatisation, placé devant le radiateur de refroidissement du moteur, ralentit le débit de l'air, y compris lorsque le circuit de climatisation n'est pas en fonctionnement.For example, the air conditioning condenser and the charge air radiator do not operate at full speed necessarily at the same times. As a result, the exchangers penalize each other by decreasing the flow rate or the air velocity available for the other radiators. For example, the air conditioning condenser, placed in front of the engine cooling radiator, slows down the air flow, even when the air conditioning system is not in operation.

Il est en outre connu du document JP1155021 (ou US 3080857A ) un système de refroidissement selon le préambule de la revendication 1.It is further known from the document JP1155021 (or US 3080857A ) a cooling system according to the preamble of claim 1.

La présente invention a pour objet un système de refroidissement d'un groupe motopropulseur tel qu'évoqué plus haut qui remédie à ces inconvénients.The present invention relates to a cooling system of a powertrain as mentioned above which overcomes these disadvantages.

Ces buts sont atteints, conformément à l'invention, par les caractéristiques de la revendication 1.These objects are achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.

Par fluide « de même nature », on entend que les fluides ont sensiblement les mêmes caractéristiques physiques, notamment la même viscosité et/ou les mêmes points de changement d'état, voire la même composition.By fluid "of the same nature" is meant that the fluids have substantially the same physical characteristics, including the same viscosity and / or the same points of change of state, or even the same composition.

Grâce à cette caractéristique, le système de refroidissement utilise un échangeur de refroidissement unique échangeant avec l'air atmosphérique. En conséquence, ce radiateur peut être dimensionné largement et il n'est pas pénalisé par la présence devant ou derrière lui d'un certain nombre de radiateurs secondaires de plus petite dimension, comme le condenseur du circuit de climatisation, le radiateur d'air de suralimentation, le radiateur d'huile, etc.With this feature, the cooling system uses a unique cooling exchanger that exchanges with atmospheric air. Consequently, this radiator can be dimensioned widely and it is not penalized by the presence in front of or behind it of a number of secondary radiators of smaller size, such as the condenser of the air conditioning circuit, the air radiator of supercharger, oil cooler, etc.

Les équipements du véhicule qui doivent être refroidis ne sont pas refroidis, comme dans l'art antérieur, au moyen d'échangeurs particuliers échangeant directement de la chaleur avec l'air atmosphérique extérieur, mais par un échangeur raccordé à la boucle secondaire et refroidi par la circulation du fluide de refroidissement.The equipment of the vehicle to be cooled is not cooled, as in the prior art, by means of special exchangers exchanging heat directly with the outside atmospheric air, but by an exchanger connected to the secondary loop and cooled by the circulation of the cooling fluid.

Dans ledit échangeur intermédiaire, l'échange thermique entre le premier et le second fluide a lieu, avantageusement, de façon directe, c'est-à-dire, sans faire intervenir de troisième fluide. Ledit échangeur intermédiaire est ainsi traversé uniquement par le fluide de refroidissement de la boucle primaire et par le fluide de refroidissement de la boucle secondaire.In said intermediate exchanger, the heat exchange between the first and second fluid takes place, advantageously, directly, that is to say, without involving a third fluid. Said intermediate exchanger is thus crossed only by the cooling fluid of the loop primary and by the cooling fluid of the secondary loop.

Des caractéristiques complémentaires et/ou alternatives de l'invention sont énumérées ci-après :

  • le système de refroidissement comporte une branche d'aérotherme montée en parallèle entre la sortie du fluide de refroidissement et l'entrée du fluide de refroidissement dans le moteur thermique ;
  • un échangeur de refroidissement des gaz d'échappement est monté sur la branche d'aérotherme ;
  • le système de refroidissement comporte une branche de radiateur à huile sur laquelle est monté un radiateur de refroidissement de l'huile du moteur et/ou de la boîte de vitesses ;
  • le système de refroidissement comporte un radiateur à huile de refroidissement de l'huile du moteur et/ou de la boîte de vitesses intégré au radiateur intermédiaire ;
  • la boucle primaire et la boucle secondaire possèdent chacune une branche de vase d'expansion reliée à un vase d'expansion commun ;
  • la boucle secondaire comporte un radiateur d'air de suralimentation ;
  • la boucle secondaire comporte un condenseur faisant partie d'un circuit de climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule ;
  • il comporte une vanne de distribution à quatre voies, la vanne comportant une voie de sortie reliée au condenseur, une voie de sortie reliée au radiateur d'air de suralimentation et une voie reliée à une canalisation de court-circuit ;
  • il comporte un boîtier thermostatique intégré à l'échangeur intermédiaire.
Additional and / or alternative features of the invention are listed below:
  • the cooling system comprises a heater branch connected in parallel between the outlet of the cooling fluid and the inlet of the cooling fluid into the heat engine;
  • an exhaust gas cooling exchanger is mounted on the heater branch;
  • the cooling system comprises an oil radiator branch on which is mounted a radiator for cooling the engine oil and / or the gearbox;
  • the cooling system comprises an oil cooling radiator of the engine oil and / or the gearbox integrated in the intermediate radiator;
  • the primary loop and the secondary loop each have an expansion tank branch connected to a common expansion vessel;
  • the secondary loop includes a charge air radiator;
  • the secondary loop comprises a condenser forming part of an air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the vehicle;
  • it comprises a four-way distribution valve, the valve comprising an output channel connected to the condenser, an output channel connected to the charge air radiator and a channel connected to a short-circuiting line;
  • it comprises a thermostatic housing integrated in the intermediate heat exchanger.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore à la lecture de la description qui suit d'exemples de réalisation donnés à titre illustratif en référence aux figures annexées. Sur ces figures :

  • la Figure 1illustre une première variante de réalisation d'un système de refroidissement conforme à la présente invention ; et
  • la Figure 2illustre une seconde variante d'un système de refroidissement conforme à l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent upon reading the following description of exemplary embodiments given for illustrative purposes in reference to the appended figures. In these figures:
  • Figure 1illustrates a first alternative embodiment of a cooling system according to the present invention; and
  • Figure 2illustrates a second variant of a cooling system according to the invention.

On a représenté sur la Figure 1 une vue d'ensemble d'un système de refroidissement d'un moteur thermique 10 de véhicule conforme à l'invention. Ce système de refroidissement est constitué d'une boucle primaire désignée par la référence générale 2 et d'une boucle secondaire désignée par la référence générale 4. La boucle primaire inclut le moteur thermique 10 du véhicule et une pompe à eau 12, généralement une pompe mécanique, qui fait circuler un fluide de refroidissement à travers le bloc du moteur afin d'évacuer les calories excédentaires. En sortie de moteur, on trouve un boîtier thermostatique 14.We have shown on the Figure 1 an overview of a cooling system of a vehicle engine 10 according to the invention. This cooling system consists of a primary loop designated by the general reference 2 and a secondary loop designated by the general reference 4. The primary loop includes the engine 10 of the vehicle and a water pump 12, usually a pump mechanical, which circulates a cooling fluid through the engine block in order to evacuate excess calories. At the motor output, there is a thermostatic housing 14.

La boucle secondaire 4 comprend un radiateur de refroidissement 18 traversé par un flux d'air extérieur et situé à l'avant du véhicule. La boucle secondaire comprend, en outre, un certain nombre d'échangeurs destinés à refroidir, éventuellement à réchauffer, divers équipements du véhicule automobile. Dans l'exemple représenté, le système de refroidissement comprend un radiateur d'air de suralimentation 22 et un condenseur 24. Le radiateur d'air de suralimentation 22 est destiné à refroidir l'air préalablement à son admission dans les chambres de combustion du moteur. Le condenseur 24 fait partie du circuit de climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule. Une pompe à eau 20, généralement une pompe électrique, met en circulation le fluide de refroidissement dans la boucle secondaire 4. Le même fluide circule dans la boucle primaire 2 et la boucle secondaire 4.The secondary loop 4 comprises a cooling radiator 18 traversed by an outside air flow and located at the front of the vehicle. The secondary loop further comprises a number of exchangers for cooling, possibly heating, various equipment of the motor vehicle. In the example shown, the cooling system comprises a charge air cooler 22 and a condenser 24. The charge air radiator 22 is intended to cool the air prior to admission into the combustion chambers of the engine. . The condenser 24 is part of the air conditioning circuit of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. A water pump 20, generally an electric pump, circulates the cooling fluid in the secondary loop 4. The same fluid flows in the primary loop 2 and the secondary loop 4.

La boucle primaire et la boucle secondaire sont en relation d'échange thermique l'une avec l'autre par un échangeur de chaleur intermédiaire 26 disposé entre elles. Le fluide de refroidissement du moteur, après avoir traversé le boîtier thermostatique 14, est acheminé par une canalisation 30 jusqu'à l'échangeur intermédiaire 26. Il ressort de l'échangeur par une canalisation 32 qui le ramène à la pompe 12 et au bloc moteur 10.The primary loop and the secondary loop are in heat exchange relationship with each other by an intermediate heat exchanger 26 disposed between them. The engine cooling fluid, after passing through the thermostatic housing 14, is conveyed via a pipe 30 to the intermediate heat exchanger 26. It emerges from the heat exchanger via a pipe 32 which returns it to the pump 12 and to the block motor 10.

De la même manière, le fluide de refroidissement qui sort du refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation 22 et du condenseur 24 est conduit par une canalisation 34 dans l'échangeur intermédiaire 26. Dans cet échangeur, le fluide de refroidissement refroidit le fluide de refroidissement de la boucle primaire. Ensuite, le fluide de refroidissement de la boucle secondaire quitte l'échangeur intermédiaire par une canalisation 36 qui le ramène à la pompe à eau 20, puis, par une canalisation 38, au radiateur de refroidissement 18 dans lequel il est à nouveau refroidi.In the same manner, the cooling fluid leaving the charge air cooler 22 and the condenser 24 is led through a pipe 34 in the intermediate heat exchanger 26. In this exchanger, the cooling fluid cools the cooling fluid of the primary loop. Then, the cooling fluid of the secondary loop leaves the intermediate heat exchanger via a pipe 36 which returns it to the water pump 20, then through a pipe 38 to the cooling radiator 18 in which it is cooled again.

Ainsi, le moteur 10 n'est pas refroidi directement par échange de chaleur avec l'air atmosphérique ambiant, comme cela se fait habituellement, mais par un échange de chaleur liquide/liquide dans l'échangeur intermédiaire 26. On constate, en outre, que le radiateur de refroidissement 18 est l'unique radiateur du système de refroidissement de l'invention. Les échangeurs 22 et 24 sont respectivement des échangeurs air-eau et fréon-eau qui sont refroidis par le fluide de refroidissement qui circule dans la boucle secondaire.Thus, the motor 10 is not cooled directly by heat exchange with the ambient atmospheric air, as is usually done, but by a liquid / liquid heat exchange in the intermediate exchanger 26. that the cooling radiator 18 is the only radiator of the cooling system of the invention. The exchangers 22 and 24 are respectively air-water and freon-water exchangers which are cooled by the cooling fluid flowing in the secondary loop.

Ainsi, le radiateur 18 sert à la fois au refroidissement du bloc moteur 10, du radiateur d'air de suralimentation 22 et du condenseur 24. On réduit ainsi fortement le nombre d'échangeurs en face avant du véhicule par rapport aux systèmes actuellement connus. Le système gagne en simplicité et son encombrement en face avant est diminué.Thus, the radiator 18 serves both to cool the engine block 10, the charge air radiator 22 and the condenser 24. This greatly reduces the number of exchangers on the front of the vehicle compared to currently known systems. The system gains in simplicity and its size in the front face is decreased.

Le système de refroidissement de l'invention comporte une canalisation d'aérotherme 40 sur laquelle est monté un aérotherme 42 utilisé pour le chauffage de l'habitacle du véhicule. La canalisation 40 est montée parallèlement au bloc moteur. Lorsque le chauffage de l'habitacle est souhaité, par exemple par basse température extérieure, le boîtier thermostatique 14 fait circuler une fraction du fluide de refroidissement sortant du bloc moteur 10 par la canalisation d'aérotherme 40. En outre, un radiateur 44 de refroidissement des gaz d'échappement peut être avantageusement monté sur la canalisation d'aérotherme 40.The cooling system of the invention comprises a heater pipe 40 on which is mounted a heater 42 used for heating the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The pipe 40 is mounted parallel to the engine block. When the heating of the cabin is desired, for example by low outside temperature, the thermostatic housing 14 circulates a fraction of the cooling fluid leaving the engine block 10 through the heater pipe 40. In addition, a cooling radiator 44 exhaust gas can be advantageously mounted on the duct heater 40.

Le système de l'invention représenté sur la Figure 1 comporte, en outre, une canalisation 46 de radiateur à huile sur laquelle est monté un radiateur à huile 48. La canalisation 46 est raccordée au boîtier thermostatique 14. Le radiateur à huile est utilisé pour refroidir l'huile de la boîte de vitesses ou celle du moteur, voire les deux. En variante de réalisation, le radiateur à huile 48 peut être intégré à l'échangeur intermédiaire 26. Dans ce cas, la canalisation 46 de radiateur à huile est supprimée. L'échangeur 26 est alors un échangeur multi-fluides et multi-températures. De la même manière, il est possible de déplacer le système de régulation thermique, en d'autres termes le boîtier thermostatique 14, sur l'échangeur intermédiaire 26.The system of the invention shown on the Figure 1 further comprises an oil radiator pipe 46 on which is mounted an oil radiator 48. The pipe 46 is connected to the thermostatic housing 14. The oil radiator is used to cool the gearbox oil or the oil cooler. engine, or both. As an alternative embodiment, the oil radiator 48 may be integrated in the intermediate heat exchanger 26. In this case, the oil radiator pipe 46 is eliminated. The exchanger 26 is then a multi-fluid and multi-temperature exchanger. In the same way, it is possible to move the thermal control system, in other words the thermostatic housing 14, on the intermediate heat exchanger 26.

Enfin, le système de refroidissement comporte une canalisation de dérivation 52 raccordée au boîtier thermostatique 14 et qui transite par un vase d'expansion 54. Après avoir traversé le vase d'expansion, le fluide de refroidissement retourne vers la pompe à eau 12 sans avoir été refroidi. Cette canalisation de dérivation ou de court-circuit, encore appelée bipasse («by-pass»), est utilisée à basse température pour favoriser la montée en température du moteur. La boucle secondaire 4 comporte également une canalisation 56 raccordée à l'entrée du radiateur 18 et à la sortie de l'échangeur intermédiaire 26, qui transite par le vase d'expansion 54, qui est ainsi un vase d'expansion commun à la boucle primaire 2 et à la boucle secondaire 4. Ainsi, les deux boucles ne sont pas isolées l'une de l'autre et peuvent communiquer entre elles par l'intermédiaire du vase d'expansion 54.Finally, the cooling system comprises a bypass line 52 connected to the thermostatic housing 14 and which passes through an expansion tank 54. After passing through the expansion vessel, the cooling fluid returns to the water pump 12 without having been cooled. This bypass or short circuit, also called bypass (bypass), is used at low temperatures to promote the temperature rise of the engine. The secondary loop 4 also comprises a pipe 56 connected to the inlet of the radiator 18 and at the outlet of the intermediate exchanger 26, which passes through the expansion vessel 54, which is thus an expansion vessel common to the primary loop 2 and the secondary loop 4. Thus, the two loops do not are not isolated from one another and can communicate with one another via the expansion vessel 54.

On a représenté sur la Figure 2 une variante de réalisation du système de refroidissement de la Figure 1. Sur la Figure 2, les mêmes chiffres de référence désignent les mêmes éléments de la boucle primaire 2 et de la boucle secondaire 4. Le système de refroidissement de la Figure 2 se distingue par le fait qu'il comporte une vanne de distribution à quatre voies 60 située en sortie de radiateur 18.We have shown on the Figure 2 an alternative embodiment of the cooling system of the Figure 1 . On the Figure 2 , the same reference numbers designate the same elements of the primary loop 2 and the secondary loop 4. The cooling system of the Figure 2 is distinguished by the fact that it comprises a four-way distribution valve 60 located radiator output 18.

La vanne de distribution 60 comporte une voie d'entrée par laquelle le fluide de refroidissement froid sortant du radiateur 18 pénètre, et trois sorties désignées respectivement par les références 60-1, 60-2 et 60-3. La voie 60-1 est reliée au condenseur 24, la voie 60-2 est reliée au radiateur d'air de suralimentation 22 et la voie 60-3 est reliée à une canalisation de court-circuit 62 qui ne figure pas sur le système de la Figure 1.The distribution valve 60 comprises an inlet channel through which the cold cooling fluid exiting the radiator 18 enters, and three outlets designated respectively by the references 60-1, 60-2 and 60-3. Channel 60-1 is connected to condenser 24, track 60-2 is connected to the charge air cooler 22 and track 60-3 is connected to a short-circuit line 62 which is not on the control system. the Figure 1 .

La canalisation de court-circuit 62 permet au fluide de refroidissement de la boucle secondaire d'éviter les échangeurs 22 et 24 lorsque cela n'est pas nécessaire. Par exemple, à faible puissance du moteur, il n'est pas nécessaire de refroidir l'air admis dans les chambres du moteur. Egalement, lorsque la température extérieure est basse, le système de climatisation de l'habitacle n'est pas utilisé. Ainsi, la totalité de la capacité de refroidissement du radiateur 18 est disponible pour d'autres fonctions, notamment pour le refroidissement du moteur 10 du véhicule.The short-circuiting line 62 allows the cooling fluid of the secondary loop to avoid the exchangers 22 and 24 when this is not necessary. For example, at low engine power, it is not necessary to cool the air admitted to the engine chambers. Also, when the outside temperature is low, the air conditioning system of the cabin is not used. Thus, the entire cooling capacity of the radiator 18 is available for other functions, in particular for cooling the engine 10 of the vehicle.

Claims (9)

  1. System for cooling a motive power unit, notably of a motor vehicle, comprising an engine (10), notably a combustion engine, cooled by the circulation of a cooling fluid, and a cooling radiator (18) cooled by a flow of external atmospheric air, the engine (10) forming part of a primary loop (2) and the cooling radiator (18) forming part of a secondary loop (4), the said primary and secondary loops being capable of allowing an independent flow of a first and of a second cooling fluid, of the same nature, the primary loop (2) and the secondary loop (4) being in a heat-exchange relationship with one another via an intermediate exchanger (26) through which both the cooling fluid of the primary loop (2) and the cooling fluid of the secondary loop (4) pass, characterized in that it comprises a unit heater leg (40) mounted in parallel between the outlet and the inlet of the engine block (10) comprising a unit heater (42).
  2. System according to Claim 1, characterized in that an exchanger (44) for cooling the exhaust gases is mounted on the unit heater leg (40).
  3. System according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises an oil radiator leg (46), on which an oil radiator (48) is mounted, for cooling the engine oil and/or the transmission oil.
  4. System according to one of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises an oil radiator incorporated into the intermediate exchanger (26).
  5. System according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the primary loop (2) and the secondary loop (4) each have an expansion vessel leg (52, 56) connected to a common expansion vessel (54).
  6. System according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the secondary loop (4) comprises a charge air cooler (22).
  7. System according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the secondary loop (4) comprises a condenser (24) that forms part of a vehicle cabin air conditioning circuit.
  8. System according to Claims 6 and 7, characterized in that it comprises a four-way directional control valve (60), the valve (60) comprising one outlet connection (60-1) connected to the condenser (24), one outlet connection (60-2) connected to the charge air cooler (22) and one connection (60-3) connected to a short-circuit line (62).
  9. System according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises a thermostatic unit built into the intermediate exchanger (26).
EP03782509A 2002-10-29 2003-10-28 System for cooling an engine-transmission unit, in particular of a motor vehicle, comprising a liquid/liquid heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime EP1556588B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0213539 2002-10-29
FR0213539A FR2846368B1 (en) 2002-10-29 2002-10-29 COOLING SYSTEM OF A MOTOR VEHICLE THERMAL MOTOR COMPRISING A LIQUID / LIQUID EXCHANGER
PCT/FR2003/003195 WO2004040105A1 (en) 2002-10-29 2003-10-28 System for cooling an engine-transmission unit, in particular of a motor vehicle, comprising a liquid/liquid heat exchanger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1556588A1 EP1556588A1 (en) 2005-07-27
EP1556588B1 true EP1556588B1 (en) 2012-01-18

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EP03782509A Expired - Lifetime EP1556588B1 (en) 2002-10-29 2003-10-28 System for cooling an engine-transmission unit, in particular of a motor vehicle, comprising a liquid/liquid heat exchanger

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EP (1) EP1556588B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE542034T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003290146A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2846368B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004040105A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2420175B (en) * 2004-11-10 2009-10-28 Agco Gmbh & Co Cooling system for farming tractors
DE102010039810A1 (en) * 2010-08-26 2012-03-01 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Cooling system and cooling method for a vehicle
DE102012223069A1 (en) 2012-12-13 2014-06-18 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Coolant circuit for an internal combustion engine
SE1851252A1 (en) * 2018-10-12 2019-09-13 Scania Cv Ab Cooling system and method for controlling temperature of coolant

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE384738C (en) * 1923-11-05 Norddeutsche Kuehlerfabrik G M Device for regulating the temperature of the cooling water in automobile engines
FR728749A (en) * 1931-12-23 1932-07-11 Expl Des App Rotor Sa D Engine cooling method and device
DE1128702B (en) * 1959-03-26 1962-04-26 Sueddeutsche Kuehler Behr Liquid cooling system for internal combustion engines with charging
US3080857A (en) * 1960-12-14 1963-03-12 Int Harvester Co Engine coolant system
JPH0742856B2 (en) * 1987-12-11 1995-05-15 株式会社クボタ Exhaust heat recovery device for water-cooled engine
SE514537C2 (en) * 1998-11-12 2001-03-12 Volvo Ab Combustion engine installation in a motor vehicle
IT1308421B1 (en) * 1999-03-11 2001-12-17 Fiat Ricerche COOLING SYSTEM FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2846368B1 (en) 2007-02-09
WO2004040105A1 (en) 2004-05-13
AU2003290146A1 (en) 2004-05-25
ATE542034T1 (en) 2012-02-15
FR2846368A1 (en) 2004-04-30
EP1556588A1 (en) 2005-07-27

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