WO2004034143A1 - 照明装置及びそれを用いた投写型画像表示装置 - Google Patents
照明装置及びそれを用いた投写型画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004034143A1 WO2004034143A1 PCT/JP2003/012865 JP0312865W WO2004034143A1 WO 2004034143 A1 WO2004034143 A1 WO 2004034143A1 JP 0312865 W JP0312865 W JP 0312865W WO 2004034143 A1 WO2004034143 A1 WO 2004034143A1
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- light
- light source
- face
- angle
- source unit
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/18—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical projection, e.g. combination of mirror and condenser and objective
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/0994—Fibers, light pipes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/0095—Relay lenses or rod lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0905—Dividing and/or superposing multiple light beams
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
- G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
- G03B21/2013—Plural light sources
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
- G03B21/208—Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/74—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/74—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor
- H04N5/7416—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lighting device and a projection-type image display device using the same.
- a projection-type image display device that illuminates a small light valve that displays an image corresponding to a video signal and projects the image by a projection lens in an enlarged manner.
- Light bulbs include those that use transmissive or reflective liquid crystal panels, and those that use digital mirror devices, which are aggregates of fine mirrors.Projection-type image display devices using these are put into practical use. ing.
- a conventional projection type image display device will be described.
- FIG. 21 is a conceptual diagram of an optical system showing a projection-type image display device using a conventional columnar optical element (hereinafter, referred to as a “rod integrator”) and a light valve disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- 2 is a lamp
- 3 is an ellipsoidal mirror
- 4 is a relay lens system
- 5 is a field lens
- 6 is a transmissive light valve
- 7 is a projection lens
- 15 is an aperture dimmer made of glass material. is there.
- the emission center of the lamp 2 is arranged near the first focal point of the elliptical concave mirror 3.
- the light beam emitted from the lamp 2 is reflected by the elliptical concave mirror 3 and then collected near the second focal point of the elliptical concave mirror 3.
- the entrance surface of the rod integrator 15 is located near the second focal point, and The luminous flux is totally reflected as appropriate on the side surface in the longitudinal direction of the mouth denterator 15 and exits from the mouth denterator 15.
- FIG. 22 is a top view showing the operation of the incident light beam
- FIG. 23 is a side view showing the operation of the incident light beam.
- a light beam incident at an angle of 0 is totally reflected as appropriate on the side surface in the longitudinal direction of the rod integrator 15, the angle is preserved and transmitted, and the light beam is emitted at an angle of 0. Therefore, for example, if the maximum value of the condensing angle of the elliptical concave mirror 3 is 30 degrees, a light beam of a maximum of 30 degrees corresponding to this is emitted from the aperture digrator 15.
- the angle of the incident light beam is different, the number of times that the light is totally reflected at the longitudinal side surface of the aperture dilator 15 will be different, and these will be mixed at the exit surface. Even if the illuminance distribution is even, it is superimposed on the exit surface, and as a result, it is possible to obtain an illumination beam with excellent uniformity and a shape almost equal to the desired illumination area on the exit surface of the mouth denterator 15 become c
- the length of the rod integrator 1 5 due to excellent uniformity larger the number of reflections is naturally being taken sufficiently.
- the luminous flux emitted from the mouth denterator 15 is at least
- the transmissive light valve 6 is illuminated via a relay lens system 4 and a field lens 5 composed of one piece.
- the transmission type light valve 6 displays an image by an electric signal output from a drive circuit (not shown).
- the image displayed on the transmissive light valve 6 is enlarged and projected through a projection lens 7 and projected on a screen (not shown).
- the number of light sources is one as in Patent Document 1, but the rod integrator is formed with a tapered portion whose cross-sectional shape continuously increases from the incident end face toward the output end face. ing.
- the taper angle of the taper portion by controlling the taper angle of the taper portion, the parallelism of the condensed light beam from the lamp is set to a desired value.
- the power consumption of the lamp is increased or the distance between the electrodes of a lamp close to a point light source, for example, an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp is 1.3 mm.
- the following methods are used to increase the light collection rate and improve the brightness by using the following.
- the method disclosed in Patent Document 2 that attempts to improve the brightness by using a plurality of light sources uses a method in which the converging angle of a light beam emitted from a light source unit including a light source and an elliptical concave mirror is directly emitted.
- This is a synthesis method. For example, when light beams from two light sources are combined, rays emitted from an elliptical concave mirror with a focusing angle of up to about 15 degrees have a combined maximum divergent angle of about 30 degrees.
- the mainstream is to use an elliptical concave mirror with a converging angle of about 30 degrees, which emphasizes brightness enhancement and miniaturization of the device.
- the maximum divergence angle corresponding to the converging angle of the light beam reflected from the combining unit composed of prisms is about 60 degrees, and it is difficult and impractical to realize a condensing lens used after the combining unit.
- Patent Document 3 the divergence angle of the emission end face can be controlled by the tapered portion of the aperture dilator.
- the parallelism of the light beam in both the horizontal and vertical directions is controlled by the taper surface formed in both the horizontal and vertical directions of the rod integrator. That is, Patent Literature 3 does not disclose a technique corresponding to an increase in the maximum divergence angle when two light sources are used.
- Patent Document 1
- Patent Document 2
- the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and provides an illumination device capable of uniformly illuminating a region to be illuminated from a plurality of light source units, and a projection image display device using the same.
- the purpose is to:
- a lighting device of the present invention comprises a lamp and a concave mirror.
- a light source unit including: a rod integrator; and a relay lens system that guides a light beam emitted from the rod integrator, wherein the rod integrator has an incident end face as an upper bottom and an emission end face as a lower bottom.
- the long side direction of the exit end face is the horizontal direction and the short side direction is the vertical direction, one pair of four side surfaces of the columnar optical element other than the upper bottom and the lower bottom is provided.
- the side surfaces facing each other form a tapered surface whose planes face each other at a predetermined angle of inclination so that both side surfaces are separated from each other in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction from the incident end surface toward the emission end surface.
- the light from the light source unit is convergently irradiated near the incident end face of the rod integrator, and the light source unit is arranged in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. It disposed two, characterized in that is.
- the projection type image display device of the present invention is provided with a light source unit including a lamp and a concave mirror, a rod integrator, a relay lens system for guiding a light beam emitted from the rod integrator, and a light source unit derived from the relay lens system.
- a projection-type image display device comprising: a light valve that modulates a light beam to form an image; and a projection lens that projects an image formed by the light valve, wherein the aperture is a light incident surface. Is the upper bottom, and the emission end face is the lower bottom.
- the long side direction of the emission end face is the horizontal direction and the short side direction is the vertical direction, other than the upper bottom and the lower bottom of the columnar optical element Of the four side surfaces, a pair of opposing side surfaces are flat so that both side surfaces are separated from each other in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction from the incident end surface toward the emission end surface.
- a tapered surface facing each other with a predetermined angle of inclination light from the light source unit is convergently irradiated near the incident end face of the rod integrator, and the light source unit is configured to be in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. It is characterized by being arranged two in the direction.
- FIG. 1 is a top view of a conceptual diagram of an optical system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a mouth integrator according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3A is a top view of a mouth indicator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3B is a side view of the mouth integrator according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a top view of the rod integrator according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of a mouth denterator according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a view for explaining determination of a dimension H of the open integrator according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a top view of a conceptual diagram of an optical system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a side view of a conceptual diagram of an optical system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a top view of a conceptual diagram of an optical system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10A is a detailed diagram of a light source unit and a combining unit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10B is an enlarged view of the entrance end of the mouth denterator according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a top view of an optical system conceptual diagram according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a detailed view of a light source unit and a combining unit according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an arrangement of a mirror according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14A is a top view of a projection-type image display device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- Figure 14B is a side view of Figure 14A.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a mouth integrator according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16A is a top view of a mouth integrator according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- Figure 16B shows the side view and the left side of the mouth dintegrator shown in Figure 16A. Right side view.
- FIG. 17 is a top view showing an operation of an incident light beam of the rod integrator according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a side view showing the operation of the incident light beam of the mouth dig- integrator according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a top view of a conceptual diagram of an optical system according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the relationship between the light collection efficiency and the incident angle.
- FIG. 21 is a conceptual diagram of an optical system of an example of a conventional projection image display device.
- FIG. 22 is a top view of an example of a conventional mouth indicator.
- Figure 23 is a side view of an example of a conventional rod integrator. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the divergence angle of light at the emission end surface can be controlled by the pair of tapered surfaces of the rod integrator. Even if the divergence angle of the light differs between the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the divergence angle of the light at the exit end face can be made substantially the same in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. For this reason, high-luminance and uniform light can be obtained. Also, the size of the device can be reduced.
- one of the side surfaces faces parallel to each other.
- the other opposing side surface forms a tapered surface in which the planes face each other with a predetermined angle of inclination such that both side surfaces are separated from the incident end surface toward the emission end surface.
- the light reflected from the side surface where the planes faced in parallel is The divergence angle of light and the divergence angle of light at the exit end face become the same, and the light reflected at the tapered surface has a different divergence angle of light at the entrance end face and at the exit end face.
- two light source units are further arranged in parallel with the two light source units, and of the four side surfaces other than the upper and lower bottoms of the columnar optical element, two pairs of opposing side surfaces are any ones.
- the planes form a tapered surface facing each other with a predetermined angle of inclination such that both side surfaces are separated from the incident end surface toward the emission end surface.
- the two light source units are a first light source unit and a second light source unit, respectively, the first light source unit guides light from the first light source unit to an incident end face of the mouth light integrator. It is preferable that the apparatus further comprises a reflecting means, and a second reflecting means for guiding light from the second light source unit to an incident end face of the rod integrator. According to this configuration, since the first and second reflection units are provided, the degree of freedom in the arrangement of the two light source units can be increased.
- the divergence angle of the light emitted from the emission end face of the mouth indicator is substantially equal to the maximum value in the horizontal direction and the maximum value in the vertical direction. According to this configuration, it is more advantageous to obtain high brightness and uniform light.
- the normal direction of the pair of mutually parallel planes is a first direction
- a direction orthogonal to the center line of the dot integrator and a direction orthogonal to the first direction is a second direction
- a spread angle of light entering the incident end face of the rod integrator is in a first direction.
- the two light source units are arranged so that the maximum value in the second direction is larger than the maximum value, and the light corresponding to the maximum value in the second direction is emitted from the tapered surface of the rod integrator.
- the light corresponding to the maximum value in the first direction is reflected by planes parallel to each other of the rod integrator, and the divergence angle of the light at the exit end surface is such that the maximum value in the first direction is It is preferable that the maximum value in the second direction is substantially the same as the maximum value in the first direction at the incident end face, and is smaller than the maximum value in the second direction at the incident end face. According to this configuration, while making the angle of divergence of light in the vertical direction at the incident end face substantially the same as that of the parallel plane of the aperture dilator, the horizontal direction at the exit end face is obtained using the taper surface of the rod integrator. Can be controlled to be different from the horizontal light divergence angle at the incident end face. Further, it is preferable that the second light source unit is disposed so as to face the emission direction of the first light source unit.
- a projection lens is further provided, and the optical axes of the concave mirrors of the two light source units are perpendicular to the optical axis of the projection lens. According to this configuration, the optical axis of the light source unit can be prevented from being inclined even when the installation adjustment angle changes, and the life of the light source is less likely to be shortened, and the reliability can be improved.
- first light source unit and the second light source unit may be configured such that an optical axis of the concave mirror of the first light source unit and an optical axis of the concave mirror of the second light source unit are aligned with a center line of the mouth integrator. It is preferable that they are arranged so that they do not intersect. According to this configuration, the provision of the reflection means can prevent the occurrence of a portion where the light beam cannot be used. Further, it is preferable that the first and second reflecting means are constituted by a reflecting mirror or a prism coated with a dielectric material.
- the angle formed by the center line of the rod integrator and the optical axis of the concave mirror passing through the vertex of the concave mirror is defined as an incident angle, and the light flux emitted from the outermost peripheral portion of the effective aperture of the concave mirror is the rod at the incident end face.
- the angle formed by the center line of the integrator is the maximum angle, and the difference between the maximum angle and the incident angle is the converging angle, the incident angle is preferably smaller than the converging angle. According to this configuration, the brightness of the device can be improved. Further, it is preferable that a ratio of the incident angle to the light collection angle is in a range of 60% or more and 80% or less. According to this configuration, the light collection efficiency is further improved.
- the light beam emitted from the rod integrator is rotated around the center line of the mouth integrator in accordance with the arrangement of the light valve. It is preferable that a light rotating means for guiding the light valve be provided. According to this configuration, since the light rotating means is provided, the light use efficiency of the light valve can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a top view of an optical system conceptual diagram according to the first embodiment.
- the projection type image display device guides two light sources 101, 102, a rod integrator 1, and a light beam emitted from the rod integrator 1.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a projection type image display device
- the configuration from the two light source units 101 and 102 to the relay lens system 4 in the order of the luminous flux is also a lighting device.
- This lighting device can be used independently.
- a projection lens may be further added to this lighting device. This is the same in the following embodiments.
- the light source units 101 and 102 have the same configuration and each include a light source 2 and a concave mirror 3 which is a light collecting optical system that collects light from the light source 2.
- a white lamp such as an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, a xenon lamp, and a halogen lamp can be used.
- the concave mirror 3 is an elliptical concave mirror in the example of this figure.
- the rod integrator 1 is formed of a glass material having good heat resistance.
- FIG. 3A is a top view
- FIG. 3B is a side view
- right and left side views As shown in Fig. 2, the rod integrator 1 has the entrance end face 130 F as the upper bottom, the exit end face 130 B as the lower bottom, and four side faces (130 T, 130 U, 130 L , 130 R). Of the sides facing each other, one side 130 T and 130 U are parallel planes (see Figure 3B). Also, the other facing side surfaces 130 L and 13 OR are arranged such that both side surfaces 130 L and 130 R are separated from the entrance end surface 130 F to the exit end surface 130 B. The planes face each other with a predetermined angle of inclination (see Fig. 3A).
- the “horizontal direction” refers to the long side direction (the direction of the arrow a in FIG. 2) of the emission end face 130B
- the “vertical direction” refers to the emission end face 130B.
- 30 L is arranged in a tapered shape so as to spread from the entrance end face 130 F to the exit end face 130 B.
- a pair of light source units 101 and 102 including a lamp 2 and a concave mirror 3 are arranged in a horizontal direction (direction of arrow a). Further, the light emission centers of the lamps 2 of the light source unit 101 and the light source unit 102 are arranged near the first focal point of the concave mirror 3.
- Each light source unit 101 and light source unit 102 are arranged at an angle of incidence ⁇ with respect to the incident end face 130 F, and the luminous flux emitted from each lamp 2 is reflected by the concave mirror 3 and then incident.
- the focused light is irradiated near the end face 13 OF, that is, near the second focal point of the concave mirror 3.
- the angle of incidence is the angle formed by the center line 103 of the rod integrator and the optical axis of the concave mirror 3 passing through the vertex 3 a of the concave mirror 3.
- the angle 0 corresponds to the incident angle.
- the light beam that intersects the vertex 3a of the concave mirror 3 is the center line 103 and the incident end face 130F Is the ray that passes through the intersection with and intersects the vertex 3 a of the concave mirror 3 via the reflecting surface.
- the entrance end face 130 F of the aperture dintegrator 1 is disposed near the second focal point of the concave mirror 3, and the incident luminous flux is in the vertical and horizontal directions of the rod integrator 1. The light is totally reflected at the side surface and exits from the exit surface 130B of the mouth dintegrator 1.
- FIG. 4 is a top view of the mouth integrator 1 showing the operation of the incident light beam
- FIG. 5 is a side view of the rod integrator 1 showing the operation of the incident light beam.
- FIG. 4 shows that the light beam incident on the incident end face 130 F at the maximum angle (2 0) This shows a state where the light is reflected in the mouth dilator 1 and is emitted from the emission end face 130B.
- the maximum angle is the maximum angle corresponding to one light source in the light incident on the input end face 130 F of the rod integrator 1.
- the luminous flux emitted from the outermost periphery of the effective aperture (effective diameter R in FIG. 1) of the concave mirror 3 is focused on the entrance end face 130 F by the center line 103 of the aperture denterator 1. It is the angle made. In the example of FIG. 1, the angle 0M corresponds to the maximum angle.
- the condensing angle means the angle obtained by subtracting the incident angle from the maximum angle.
- Equation (1) ⁇ MAX- ⁇ E + ⁇ c
- the incident angle ⁇ E and the converging angle ⁇ c are both ⁇ , and the maximum angle 0 MAX is 20.
- the light beam incident at a maximum angle of 2 ° is totally reflected as appropriate by a pair of tapered surfaces of the aperture diverter 1, so that the light beam having an angle different from the maximum angle of 2 ° is obtained.
- the effective horizontal dimension of the exit surface of the rod integrator 1 is 7.6 mm
- the taper angle is about 1.6.3 7 3 4 degrees
- the length is 56.1 8624 mm
- longitudinal direction When the number of reflections on the side of the rod is set to 5 and the glass material of the rod integrator 1 is made of quartz with good heat resistance and good optical characteristics (refractive index nd is 1.458574), the maximum in Fig. 4
- the corner 2 6 is Light incident at 60 degrees can be emitted at about 30 degrees. Also, in FIG. 5, the light incident at 30 degrees is transmitted with its angle conserved and emitted at 30 degrees.
- each concave mirror 3 when the incident angle of each concave mirror 3 is 30 degrees as described above, the maximum angle of each concave mirror 3 is 60 degrees according to the above formula (1).
- a maximum of 120 degrees of light will be incident on the entrance end face 130F of the aperture dintegrator 1.
- the maximum injection angle of the injection end face 103B can be controlled to about 60 degrees.
- the maximum value of the angle of the incident light at the incident end face is the same as that with one concave mirror 3, and this maximum value is 6
- the angle is 0 degree, and the angle is stored and transmitted while reflecting between the parallel planes, and the light is emitted at 60 degrees.
- the exit end face 13 The emission angle at 0 B can be set to about 60 degrees in both the horizontal and vertical directions.
- the spread angle of the luminous flux incident on the entrance end face 130 F is the spread of the luminous flux emitted from the exit end face 130 B.
- the maximum value in the horizontal direction and the maximum value in the vertical direction can be made substantially the same.
- a color wheel (see Fig. 1), which consists of a dichroic filter that transmits at least the three primary colors of red, blue, and green near the emission part of the rod integrator 1, and rotates white light in a time-division manner by rotating
- the color display can be made possible by arranging (not shown in FIG. 1).
- the color wheel is coated with a dichroic mirror. Due to the characteristics of the thin film to be coated, those having specifications corresponding to an incident angle of about 30 degrees are mainstream. In this case, this 30 degree is a desired angle of incidence of the concave mirror 3.
- the angles of the incident light beams are different, the number of times the rod integrator 1 is totally reflected at each of the pair of vertical and horizontal side surfaces is different, and they are mixed at the exit surface. Even the illuminance distribution is superimposed on the exit surface, and as a result, an illumination light flux with excellent uniformity and a shape almost equal to the desired illumination area is obtained on the exit end surface 130B of the mouthpiece 1 Becomes possible.
- FIG. 6 is a top view of the rod integrator 1.
- the tapered surface of the light ray incident at the maximum angle 13 It is necessary to determine the number of reflections at 0 R and 130 L (hereinafter referred to as the “number of reflections”) and derive the taper angle ⁇ T and the horizontal dimension L ′ at the incident end face 130 F It becomes.
- values of the horizontal dimension L of the exit end face 130 °, the maximum angle of the light source ⁇ °, and the refractive index nd of the aperture dilator 1 are required, but these are constants. That is, the dimension L is determined according to the shape of the light valve, etc., the maximum angle 6 MAX is determined according to the incident angle of each light source unit, and the refractive index nd is determined from the material constituting the aperture integrator. That's why.
- the value of the injection angle 0 E is also required, but this value is determined according to the maximum angle 0 MAX. Required value, which is also a constant.
- 0 R 1 when the initial incident angle 0 R 1 (degree) is set with reference to the normal line of the reflecting surfaces 130 R and 130 L, 0 R 1 can be calculated by the following equation (4). Is represented.
- Equation (6) is obtained by eliminating 6R1.
- the exit angle ⁇ ' ⁇ at the exit end face 13 OB before refraction is It is expressed by equation (7).
- the horizontal dimension L '(mm) of the incident end face 130F is the same as the known product of the area of the illumination area and the solid angle of the illumination light before and after the known illumination optical system. Considering that the product of the area of the exit surface of the mouth dentintegrator 1 and the exit angle of the illumination light is equal to the product of the area of the transmissive light valve 6 and the solid angle of the illumination light, Is represented as
- L ′ is determined by the following equation (10).
- the longitudinal dimension H (mm) of the rod integrator 1 is given by the following equation (1) 1) will be determined.
- the dimension L As described above, if the dimension L, the number of reflections n, the maximum angle 0MAX, and the emission angle 0E are determined, the dimension L ', the taper angle 0T, and the longitudinal dimension ⁇ can be derived.
- the shape of 1 can be determined.
- the theoretical value of the shape of the rod integrator 1 can be calculated by substituting predetermined numerical values into the above-described equations.
- the elliptical shape of the concave mirror 3 the bulb shape of the lamp 2, the light distribution characteristics of the lamp, and the intensity distribution of the arc, it may be necessary to adjust the theoretical value of the dimension ⁇ .
- ⁇ ⁇ (degree) in the equation (9) is in the following range.
- the calculated value of '(degree) is within a range of +5' (minute) to 1 '(minute) or more. If it is within such a range, it can be produced within the polishing tolerance.
- the current trend is to use an elliptical concave mirror with a focusing angle (incident angle) of about 30 degrees, which emphasizes brightness and miniaturization of the device. From this, it is assumed that the mouth denterator 1 according to the calculation example uses two of these elliptical concave mirrors.
- the maximum angle ⁇ ⁇ MAX is 60 degrees.
- the taper angle 6T is determined to be 1.63734 degrees from the equations (2) to (9).
- the dimension L 'of the entrance end face 130 B is 4 from Equation (10). 3 8 7 8 6 mm can be determined.
- the dimension H can be determined to be 56.186249 Omm from the equation (11).
- the number of reflections was set to 5, and the refractive index n d of the rod integrator 1 was calculated as 1.4587.
- Table 1 shows the result of calculating the taper angle ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ from ⁇ and the number of reflections ⁇ .
- Table 2 shows the result of calculating the dimension L 'of the entrance end face 130 F from ⁇ and the exit end face dimension L. Calculated taper angle ⁇ ⁇ , dimension L of exit end face 130 ⁇ and incident end face This is the result of calculating the dimension ⁇ by changing the number of reflections ⁇ and the maximum angle 0MAX using the dimension L 'of 13 OF.
- the rod integrator 1 is calculated assuming that n d is 1.45 874, and the exit angle ⁇ E at the exit end face 130 B is 30 degrees.
- the luminous flux emitted from the aperture dilator 1 determined in this way is composed of at least one relay lens system 4 and a field
- the transmission type light bulb 6 is illuminated via the lens 5.
- the transmission type light valve 6 displays an image by an electric signal output from a drive circuit (not shown).
- the image displayed on the transmissive light valve 6 is enlarged and projected through the projection lens 7 and projected on a screen (not shown).
- the horizontal light divergence angle at the exit end face 130B can be controlled to be different from the horizontal light divergence angle (maximum angle) at the entrance end face 130F (see Fig. 4).
- the maximum angle at the incident end face 130 F is 60 degrees (2 in FIG. 4), and the divergence angle in the vertical direction with respect to the center line 103 is 30 degrees (3 in FIG. 5).
- the horizontal light divergence angle (0 'in Fig. 4) and the vertical light divergence angle (0' in Fig. 4) at the exit end face 130B should be the same 30 degrees. Can be.
- the divergence angle of the light emitted from the emission end face 130B is the same as the maximum value in the horizontal direction and the maximum value in the vertical direction of 60 degrees, and high brightness is obtained. In addition, uniform light can be obtained.
- the luminance it is possible to make the luminance about 1.7 to 1.8 times as large as the luminance realized by one light source unit.
- the time required for each light source unit to turn off becomes longer, so the life of the light source can be doubled compared to a device with one light source. It will be possible.
- the projection type image display device has been described. However, if a device having at least the components from the light source 2 to the relay lens system 4 in the order of light travel is used as a lighting device, high brightness and high brightness can be obtained. Lighting that can emit uniform light The device can be realized. This is the same in the following embodiments.
- FIG. 7 shows a conceptual diagram of an optical system of a projection-type image display device according to the second embodiment.
- Components having the same configuration as the projection-type image display device according to Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 7 is different from the configuration shown in FIG. 1 in the arrangement of the two light source units 101 and 102, and the first reflection unit 48 and the second reflection unit 49 Is provided.
- the combining prisms 48 and 49 are used as the first reflecting means and the second reflecting means.
- the prisms for synthesis 48 and 49 are made of a glass material having good heat resistance, and the reflecting surface is coated with a dielectric multilayer film having good reflectivity. '
- a reflection mirror coated with a dielectric multilayer film may be used.
- a prism or reflection mirror on which aluminum or silver is deposited it is necessary to insert a filter for removing ultraviolet rays in all stages of the synthesis section.
- the first reflecting means 48 guides the light from the light source section 102 to the entrance end face 130 F of the aperture dilator 1, and the second reflecting means 49 corresponds to the light source section 101. This light is guided to the incident end face 130 F of the rod integrator 1.
- the first reflecting means 48 and the second reflecting means 49 have a substantially V-shape (incident end face 130) opened on the side opposite to the incident end face 130F of the rod integrator 1. (Substantially V-shaped when viewed from the F side). With such an arrangement, the inclination angles of the reflecting surfaces of the first reflecting means 48 and the second reflecting means 49 are set to 1/2 of the maximum angle.
- the degree of freedom in the arrangement of the light source units 101 and 102 is increased, and as shown in FIG.
- the light source unit 101 and the light source unit 102 are arranged so as to face each other in the horizontal direction. That is, the light sources 2 and the concave mirrors 3 face each other in the horizontal direction.
- the light beam emitted from each light source 2 is reflected by each concave mirror 3 and then reflected by the first reflecting means 48 and the second reflecting means 49, respectively.
- the reflected light is convergently applied to the vicinity of the incident end face 130 F, that is, the vicinity of the second focal point of the concave mirror 3 at an angle 0 equal to the center line 103 of the rod integrator 1.
- FIG. 8 is a side view of an optical system conceptual diagram according to the present embodiment.
- the dotted line shows the state where the elevation adjustment angle 9 has been adjusted in accordance with the position of the screen (not shown).
- the optical axes of the concave mirrors 3 of the two light source units 101 and 102 are arranged so that the optical axis of the projection lens 7 is perpendicular to the optical axis of the light source unit. Even if the installation adjustment angle 9 changes, it will not tilt.
- the position of the optical axis does not change, and the horizontal lighting is performed. And the specification does not change. For this reason, even if the device itself is installed at an angle, the life of the light source is unlikely to be shortened, and a highly reliable device can be obtained.
- FIG. 9 shows a conceptual diagram of an optical system of a projection-type image display device according to the third embodiment.
- Components having the same configuration as the projection-type image display device according to Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the light source units 101 and 102 are illustrated more specifically, and the concave mirror 3 is illustrated in a cross-sectional state (the same applies to the following drawings).
- the configuration shown in FIG. 9 differs from the configuration shown in FIG.
- the arrangement of 102 is different, and a combining mirror 61 (first reflecting means) and a combining mirror 62 (second reflecting means) are provided.
- the combining mirrors 61 and 62 are, for example, reflection mirrors coated with a dielectric multilayer film.
- the configuration of the rod integrator 1 itself is the same as that of the first embodiment. However, in the present embodiment, the rod integrator 1 differs from the arrangement of the first embodiment by 90 degrees around the central axis 1 Q3. It is arranged in a state rotated by degrees.
- the light sources 2 and the concave mirrors 3 face each other in the vertical direction.
- the reflecting surfaces of the combining mirrors 61 and 62 face the lamp 2, respectively.
- the reflecting surfaces of the combining mirrors 61 and 62 are arranged at an angle of 45 degrees in the vertical direction, and the tilting directions of the combining mirror 61 and the combining mirror 62 are opposite. ing.
- the luminous flux from each lamp 2 is bent 90 degrees by the reflecting surface of the combining mirror 61 and the reflecting surface of the combining mirror 62, so that the entrance end face 13 of the aperture dintegrator 1 You will be led to 0 F.
- the reflecting surface of the combining mirror 61 is arranged at an angle of 15 degrees, which is 1/2 of the converging angle of the concave mirror 3 in the horizontal direction (the direction of arrow c in FIG. 9).
- the reflection surface is arranged at an angle of 15 degrees which is 1/2 of the converging angle of the concave mirror 3 in the horizontal direction (the direction of the arrow d in FIG. 9).
- FIG. 10A shows a view of the device shown in FIG. 9 as viewed from the injection end surface 130 B side of the rod integrator 1.
- the light source unit 101 and the light source unit 102 are configured such that the optical axis of the concave mirror 3 of the light source unit 101 and the optical axis of the concave mirror 3 of the light source unit 102 are rods. It is arranged so as not to intersect with the center line 103 of the integrator 1. That is, both optical axes are parallel to each other Neither optical axis intersects the center line 103 of the aperture Dintegrator 1.
- the arrangement of the combining mirrors 61 and 62 corresponds to the arrangement of the light source units 101 and 102.
- FIG. 10B is a side view showing the vicinity of the incident end face 130 F of the rod integrator 1.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an example of the arrangement of the combining mirrors 61 and 62, which is shown for easy understanding of the arrangement of the combining mirrors 61 and 62. FIG. From these figures, it can be seen that the light beams from the light source units 101 and 102 are reflected by the inclined surfaces of the combining mirrors 61 and 62.
- the light source units 101 and 102 are connected to the optical axis of the concave mirror 3 of the light source unit 101 and the optical axis of the concave mirror 3 of the light source unit 102.
- the center mirror 103 of the mouth dittegrator 1 is arranged so as not to intersect with the center line 103, and the combining mirrors 61 and 62 are arranged correspondingly.
- the unusable portion (hatched portion in FIG. 7) of the light beam generated by the combining prism according to the second embodiment is eliminated, and a higher brightness and uniform image can be obtained.
- the device can be realized.
- FIG. 11 shows a conceptual diagram of an optical system of a projection-type image display device according to the fourth embodiment.
- Components having the same configuration as the projection-type image display device according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 12 is a view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 11 as viewed from the exit end face 130B side of the mouth denterator 1. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the configuration from the light source 2 to the rod integrator 1 in the order of progression of the luminous flux is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.
- the luminous flux emitted from the mouth dintegrator 1 is composed of a color wheel 11, a relay lens system 4 composed of at least one lens, a total reflection mirror 12, and a field lens 5.
- the reflection type light valve 14 is illuminated through the prism 13 and the total reflection prism 13.
- the light valve 14 emits modulated light that forms an optical image.
- the light beam from the light valve 14 reaches the projection lens 7 via the total reflection prism 13, and the projection lens 7 projects the optical image formed by the light valve 14.
- the color wheel 11 arranged near the exit end face 130B of the mouth dilator 1 enables color display.
- the color wheel 11 is composed of a dichroic filter that transmits at least the three primary colors of red, blue, and green, and can separate white light in a time-division manner by rotating.
- the color wheel 11 corresponds to an incident angle of about 30 degrees due to the characteristics of the thin film coated on the constituent dichroic mirror. The specification is the mainstream, in which case this 30 degrees is the desired angle of incidence.
- the total reflection mirror 12 and the total reflection prism 13 constitute a light rotating means.
- the light flux emitted from the rod integrator 1 is viewed from the direction of the center line 103 of the rod integrator. It is arranged to rotate around the center line 103. This rotation angle is determined according to the arrangement of the reflection type light valves 14, and is 90 degrees in the example of this drawing.
- the illumination light emitted from the emission surface 130B of the rod integrator 1 illuminates the reflective light valve 14 in a state where it is rotated 90 degrees.
- the rotation angle is set by setting the angle of the interface between the total reflection prism 13 and the air, which guides the light beam to the reflection type light valve 14 using total reflection, with the air, and the angle of the total reflection mirror 12 to desired angles. Can be adjusted.
- the provision of the light rotating means is for further improving the light collection efficiency. For example, if the area of the reflective light valve 14 is sufficient, that is, if the short side dimension of the exit surface of the rod integrator 1 can take a sufficient length, this is not a problem.
- the size of the light bulb has also been reduced, for example, by using a reflective light bulb with a diagonal dimension of 17.8 mm, making the collection angle of the illumination light equivalent to F-number 2.
- the short side dimension of the exit surface of the rod integrator 1 needs to be about 6 mm.
- the taper angle based on the short side dimension of the exit surface of about 6 mm the size of the entrance surface is further shortened and the light collection efficiency is reduced.
- the rod integrator 1 has a taper angle on the long side dimension side to improve the light collection efficiency, and the illumination light is reflected by the total reflection mirror 12 and the total reflection prism 13. Rotation according to the arrangement of the light sources maximizes the light use efficiency of the reflective light valve. In addition, it is possible to realize a lighting device with higher luminance and uniformity, and to realize a projection-type image display device including the lighting device.
- the product of the area of the illumination area and the solid angle of the illumination light before and after the illumination optical system is constant.
- the area of the exit surface of the aperture dittegrator 1 and the exit angle of the illumination light are known. It is needless to say that the product of the reflection light valve 14 and the product of the angle of elevation of the illumination light are equal.
- the light source units 101 and 102 are connected to the optical axis of the face mirror 3 of the light source unit 101 and the light source unit 102.
- the concave mirror 3 is arranged so that the optical axis of the concave mirror 3 does not intersect the center line 103 of the aperture dilator 1, and the combining mirrors 61 and 62 are arranged correspondingly. As a result, a higher brightness and uniform image can be realized.
- the rod integrator when the rod integrator is arranged so as to rotate about the center line 103 as in the present embodiment, the arrangement of the two lamps 2 on the left and right also changes according to the rotation angle. Become. Even in this case, while maintaining the positional relationship between the light source units 101 and 102 and the combining mirrors 61 and 62 shown in FIG. If it is arranged so as to be rotated as a center, it is possible to cope with the arrangement of the rotated mouth indexer as described above.
- the reflective light valve 14 is composed of a digital mirror device which is an aggregate of fine mirrors, and displays an image by an electric signal output from a drive circuit (not shown).
- the image displayed on the reflective light valve 14 is enlarged and projected through the total reflection prism 13 and the projection lens 7 and projected on a screen (not shown).
- FIG. 14A is a top view of a projection image display device light according to Embodiment 6, and FIG. 14B is a side view.
- the projection type image display apparatus includes four light source units 201-204, a rod integrator 20, a relay lens system 4 for guiding a light beam emitted from the rod integrator 20, a field lens 5, It has a transmission type light valve 6 that modulates the light beam guided from the relay lens system 4 to form an image, and a projection lens 7 that projects the image formed by the light valve 6.
- Reference numeral 20 6 denotes a center line of the rod integrator 20.
- Each of the light source units 201-204 has the same configuration, and includes a light source 200 and a concave mirror 205 that is a condensing optical system that condenses light from the light source 2. Although the number of light source units differs from the configuration in FIG. 1, the configuration of each light source unit is the same as that of the light source unit in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the rod integrator 20, FIG. 16A is a top view, FIG. 16B is a side view, and right and left side views. As shown in Fig. 15, the rod integrator 20 has the incident end surface 230F as the upper bottom, the exit end surface 230B as the lower bottom, and four side surfaces (230T, 230U, 2U). 30 L,
- the tapered surface is formed on one pair of both side surfaces 130 L and 130 L.
- tapered surfaces are formed on both of the two side surfaces.
- the opposing side surfaces 230 L and 230 R are flat from the entrance end surface 130 F to the exit end surface 130 B such that both side surfaces 230 L and 230 R are separated from each other.
- the incident end face 230 F of the rod integrator 1 is disposed near the second focal point of the concave mirror 205, and the incident light flux is in the vertical and horizontal directions of the rod integrator 20. The light is totally reflected at the side surface and emitted from the emission surface 230B of the rod integrator 20.
- two light source units, a pair of light source units 201 and a light source unit 202 are arranged in the horizontal direction (the direction of the arrow a).
- two light source units, a pair of light source units 203 and a light source unit 204 are similarly arranged.
- two light source units, a pair of light source units 201 and 203 are arranged in the vertical direction (the direction of arrow b).
- a pair of light source sections 202 and a light source section 204 are similarly arranged on the back side of the paper.
- the number of light source units is four, but two are arranged in the horizontal direction and two are arranged in the vertical direction. That is, in the configuration of the light source unit according to the sixth embodiment, two light source units are further arranged in parallel with the light source unit in which two light source units are arranged in the horizontal or vertical direction. . In the sixth embodiment, since the light source units are provided so as to correspond to each of the two pairs of tapered surfaces, the total number of light source units is four.
- FIG. 17 is a top view of the rod integrator 20 showing the operation of the incident light beam
- FIG. 18 is a side view of the mouth integrator 20 showing the operation of the incident light beam.
- Fig. 17 shows the light beam S incident on the entrance end face 230F at the maximum angle (20), reflected in the rod integrator 20 and exiting from the exit end face 230B. I have.
- the light beam incident at a maximum angle of 2 ° is a pair of tapered surfaces 2 3 0 L and 2 3 of the rod integrator 20.
- the light is emitted from the emission end face 13 OB at an angle ⁇ ′ different from the maximum angle 2 °.
- both the light ray incident on the incident end face 230 F at 20 in the horizontal direction and the light ray incident on the incident end face 230 F at 2 ° in the vertical direction are given by the exit end face. It will be emitted at an angle ⁇ 'at 130 B.
- the number of light source sections is as large as four in total, and as described above, the light divergence angle at the exit end face can be made smaller than the light divergence angle at the entrance end face in both the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. This is advantageous when higher brightness light is desired.
- the incident angle is smaller than the converging angle. This is a small embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a top view of a conceptual diagram of the optical system according to the sixth embodiment.
- the configuration in this figure is the same as the configuration shown in FIG. 1 of Embodiment 1 except for the relationship between the incident angle and the converging angle. Is omitted.
- FIG. 19 denotes an incident angle
- 0c denotes a converging angle.
- the incident angle ⁇ E is smaller than the converging angle 0 c.
- the effective horizontal dimension of the exit surface of the rod integrator 1 is 7.5 mm
- the taper angle is about 1.51884 degrees
- the length is 50.448 5 mm
- the length in the longitudinal side is The number of reflections was set to four
- Table 4 shows the calculated values obtained by normalizing the taper angle ⁇ ⁇ , the incident surface dimension L ', the rod integrator length ⁇ , and the maximum value of the light collection efficiency to 1 when the incident angle is changed. I have. However, the effective dimensions of the rod integrator exit surface are the horizontal effective dimension 7.5 (mm) and the vertical effective dimension 5.8 (mm). A Ray lens system is used. The number of reflections (n) was set to 3, 4, and 5 times.
- the converging angle ⁇ c is fixed at 30 degrees, and the incident angle ⁇ E is increased from 15 degrees by 3 degrees and changed to 30 degrees. Except when the incident angle ⁇ E is 30 degrees, the incident angle is smaller than the converging angle.
- E in Table 4 is the light collection efficiency.
- the light-collecting efficiency is defined as a light source and optical devices such as lenses and mirrors, and how many light beams reach the screen on which the desired light beams emitted from the light source are projected. Calculated using the software.
- the values shown in Table 4 are normalized assuming that the maximum value is 1 for each reflection count of the quad integrator. (Table 4)
- FIG. 20 shows the relationship between the light collection efficiency and the incident angle using the numerical values in Table 4.
- the horizontal axis 6 is the incident angle
- the vertical axis E is the light collection efficiency.
- the rod integrator 1 has a configuration in which a pair of opposed side surfaces are planes parallel to each other and the other pair of opposed side surfaces are planes facing each other with a predetermined angle of inclination.
- Dintegrator 1 may have a pair of opposed side surfaces at least partially having planes parallel to each other, and the other pair of opposite side surfaces may have at least partly opposed planes with a predetermined angle of inclination. . This is because the light beam is reflected between a pair of planes facing each other at a predetermined angle of inclination, so that the emission angle can be narrowed to a desired angle and uniform illumination can be achieved. This is the same for the first to fifth embodiments.
- the injection end surface 130B of the mouth denterator 1 needs to be polished for manufacturing.
- the edges of the mouth denterator 1, that is, the four edges and the four corners of the injection end face 130 B may be chipped.
- the size of this chip may be more than 0.1 mm. Chipping at the injection end face 130B has a negative effect on uniform irradiation, resulting in uneven irradiation.
- the shape of the rod integrator based on the length L1 of the four end sides of the injection end face 130B with a margin added to the desired reference length. As a result, it is possible to prevent the effects of chipping at the four corners of the four edges of the injection end face 130B from adversely affecting uniform irradiation.
- the allowance dimension is, for example, within a range of 0.2 mm or less. This is the same for the first to fifth embodiments.
- the rod integrator has been described as an example of a glass material.
- the rod integrator may be a columnar optical element in which four inner wall surfaces are formed by mirrors and the inside is hollow. Also in this configuration, the incident light flux is appropriately totally reflected by the mirror on the inner wall surface and emitted.
- the divergence angle of light in the horizontal direction at the exit end face can be controlled so as to be different from the divergence angle of light in the horizontal direction at the incidence end face. Light can be obtained.
- the present invention is useful for a lighting device or a projection type image display device having a rod integrator.
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Priority Applications (4)
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CA002487853A CA2487853A1 (en) | 2002-10-09 | 2003-10-08 | Illuminator and projection image display employing it |
EP03754017.6A EP1550908B1 (en) | 2002-10-09 | 2003-10-08 | Illuminator and projection image display employing it |
US10/514,006 US7316484B2 (en) | 2002-10-09 | 2003-10-08 | Illuminator and projection image display employing it |
KR1020047020786A KR100704203B1 (ko) | 2002-10-09 | 2003-10-08 | 조명 장치 및 이를 이용한 투사형 화상 표시 장치 |
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US (1) | US7316484B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1550908B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100704203B1 (ja) |
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- 2003-10-08 KR KR1020047020786A patent/KR100704203B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2003-10-08 WO PCT/JP2003/012865 patent/WO2004034143A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-10-08 US US10/514,006 patent/US7316484B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-08 EP EP03754017.6A patent/EP1550908B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-08 CA CA002487853A patent/CA2487853A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-09 TW TW092128063A patent/TW200420139A/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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WO2005119123A1 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-12-15 | Thomson Licensing | Two lamp illumination system |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1550908A1 (en) | 2005-07-06 |
CA2487853A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
EP1550908A4 (en) | 2009-05-20 |
US7316484B2 (en) | 2008-01-08 |
KR20050014870A (ko) | 2005-02-07 |
EP1550908B1 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
US20050146891A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
TWI325278B (ja) | 2010-05-21 |
TW200420139A (en) | 2004-10-01 |
KR100704203B1 (ko) | 2007-04-05 |
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