WO2003098792A1 - Induction motor control method - Google Patents

Induction motor control method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003098792A1
WO2003098792A1 PCT/JP2003/005988 JP0305988W WO03098792A1 WO 2003098792 A1 WO2003098792 A1 WO 2003098792A1 JP 0305988 W JP0305988 W JP 0305988W WO 03098792 A1 WO03098792 A1 WO 03098792A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
induction motor
frequency
inverter
output
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Application number
PCT/JP2003/005988
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yasuhisa Takamoto
Ichiro Ishida
Original Assignee
Fuji Electric Holdings Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Electric Holdings Co., Ltd. filed Critical Fuji Electric Holdings Co., Ltd.
Priority to AU2003235295A priority Critical patent/AU2003235295A1/en
Priority to JP2004506173A priority patent/JPWO2003098792A1/en
Publication of WO2003098792A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003098792A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/048—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using AC supply for only the rotor circuit or only the stator circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/40—Regulating or controlling the amount of current drawn or delivered by the motor for controlling the mechanical load

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a control method for an induction motor that drives an industrial machine that requires an extremely large driving torque at startup, such as a textile machine, and more particularly to a startup control method.
  • VVVF variable voltage variable frequency
  • 1 is an AC commercial power supply
  • 2 is a VVVF inverter composed of an inverter main circuit 21 and an inverter control circuit 22
  • 3 is a switching switch circuit composed of magnetic contactors MC I and MC 2
  • 4 is an induction motor
  • 5 is a load such as a textile machine driven by the induction motor 4
  • 6 is an AC reactor
  • 7 is a sequence control circuit.
  • the VVVF inverter 2 can output an AC voltage having a phase synchronized with the voltage phase of the commercial power supply 1 by the control operation of the inverter control circuit 2 2 .
  • the operation of the induction motor 4 by the operation circuit shown in FIG. 3 is described below. Will be described.
  • both the magnetic contactors MC 1 and MC 2 are open.
  • the switching switch 3 is switched to the switching circuit 3 from the sequence control circuit 7 to the MC 1 as a switching signal. Is issued, and when the magnetic contactor MC 1 closes, the quotient
  • the induction motor 4 supplied with electric power from the power supply 1 starts up together with the load 5, and the rotation is completed when the rotation speed of the induction motor 4 reaches the rotation speed corresponding to the frequency of the commercial power supply 1.
  • the VVV F impeller 2 is also activated by the input command to the electromagnetic contactor MC 1, and its output is changed from the minimum allowable voltage and minimum allowable frequency AC voltage to the rated voltage and rated frequency of the commercial power supply 1. It is rapidly increased until the frequency becomes the AC voltage.
  • the inverter control circuit 22 monitors the voltage phase of any one phase of the commercial power supply 1 and the voltage phase of the phase corresponding to the commercial power supply 1 of the output voltage of the VVV. When several cycles are matched, a synchronization completion signal is sent to the sequence control circuit 7.
  • the sequence control circuit 7 uses the synchronization completion signal as a switching signal to open the circuit to the electromagnetic contactor MC 1 as a switching signal.
  • the command is then delayed by a slight dead time, for example, about 10 ms to 2 Oms, from the opening command to the electromagnetic contactor MC 1 to issue a closing command to the electromagnetic contactor MC 2, whereby the electromagnetic contactor MC 1 Is opened, and the electromagnetic contactor MC 2 is closed a little later than this, and the power supply to the induction motor 4 is switched from the commercial power supply 1 to the output of the VVV F inverter 2.
  • the inrush current from the VVVF inverter 2 to the induction motor 4 is suppressed by the AC reactor 6 installed on the path from the VVVF inverter 2 to the induction motor 4.
  • the VVV F inverter 2 the AC voltage of the commercial power supply 1 is converted to a DC voltage by a diode rectifier and a smoothing capacitor, and this DC voltage is converted to an AC voltage.
  • An inverter main circuit 21 in which an anti-parallel circuit of a transistor to be converted and a diode is connected in advance, and the voltage of the AC output voltage of the inverter main circuit 21 by turning on and off the transistor by, for example, PWM control.
  • this VVV F inverter 2 is more complicated than that of a general-purpose VVV F inverter, which has only a voltage and frequency control function for controlling the voltage and frequency of the AC output voltage. It is to become. Further, a switching switch circuit 3, an AC reactor 6, a sequence control circuit 7, and the like are required, and the entire circuit configuration shown in FIG. 3 becomes complicated.
  • the rush current from the VVV F inverter 2 to the induction motor 4 is suppressed by the AC reactor 6, but the rotation speed of the induction motor 4 fluctuates due to the AC reactor during switching, and this fluctuation is preferable for the load 5. May not be. Furthermore, since the induction motor 4 that drives a load that requires a very large driving torque at the time of startup, such as a textile machine, is started by the commercial power supply 1, the operation duty of the VVV inverter 2 is reduced.
  • the rotation speed of the induction motor 4 after the start-up is completed depends on the frequency of the commercial power supply 1, and as a result, if the output frequency required by the induction motor 4 is different from the frequency of the commercial power supply 1, the VVV F The power supply by the inverter 2 is started, and finally, an operation to obtain an AC voltage having a frequency required by the induction motor 4 is required, and it takes time until the load 5 enters the operating state.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an induction motor control method that solves the various problems described above. Disclosure of the invention
  • the method of controlling an induction motor according to the present invention in the method of controlling an induction motor using a variable voltage variable frequency converter, first, the voltage and frequency of the AC output voltage of the induction motor whose primary winding is delta-connected are allowed. Power is supplied to the induction motor from the impeller having the minimum value and the motor is started, and then the output current of the impeller supplying power to the started induction motor is limited to a predetermined upper limit value or less.
  • the output voltage and output frequency of the impeller are gradually increased at a predetermined rate until the output frequency reaches a predetermined frequency set value to accelerate the induction motor, and the output frequency of the inverter is set to the frequency set value. After that, while maintaining the output frequency of the impeller to supply power to the induction motor at the set frequency, the output voltage of the inverter is maintained. Only the voltage is gradually reduced to a predetermined voltage set value at a predetermined reduction rate, and thereafter, the inverter supplies an AC voltage based on the voltage set value and the frequency set value to the induction motor. I do.
  • the present invention relates to an induction motor having a delta-connected primary winding and an AC motor supplied from a variable voltage variable frequency (VVVF) inverter, compared to an induction motor having a primary winding connected in a star connection. Focusing on the fact that the drive torque output by the induction motor can be increased (specifically, about three times), the output current limiting function provided by this VVV F-interter can be used to start up an emergency operation such as textile machinery.
  • VVVF variable voltage variable frequency
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an operation circuit showing an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram illustrating the operation of the operation circuit of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an operation circuit of a conventional induction motor. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an operation circuit illustrating an embodiment of an operation method of an induction motor according to the present invention. Components having the same functions as those of the conventional configuration shown in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the AC voltage of the commercial power supply 1 is converted to a DC voltage by a diode rectifier and a smoothing capacitor, and a transistor for converting this DC voltage to an AC voltage is provided.
  • An inverter main circuit 81 formed by bridge-connecting an anti-parallel circuit with a diode, a current detector 81a such as a shunt resistor for detecting an output current of the impeller main circuit 81, and the transistor
  • a voltage and frequency control function for outputting an AC voltage of a desired voltage and frequency from the inverter main circuit 81 by turning on and off by PWM control, and a detection value of the current detector 81a are predetermined.
  • the output of the inverter main A VVV inverter 8 comprising an inverter control circuit 82 having a current limiting function for reducing the voltage, an induction motor 9 having a delta connection primary winding, a magnetic contactor 10, and a magnetic contactor 10. It consists of the injection circuit 11 and 1.
  • FIG. 1 The operation of the operation circuit embodying the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described below with reference to a waveform diagram shown in FIG.
  • the magnetic contactor 10 is open.
  • Start the VVV F inverter 8 on condition that the voltage of the commercial power supply 1 is established.
  • the started inverter 8 is controlled by the inverter control circuit 82 so that the VVVF inverter 8 outputs an AC voltage of a predetermined voltage and frequency (for example, an allowable minimum voltage and an allowable minimum frequency).
  • the induction motor 9 is started by closing the electromagnetic contactor 10 by a closing command from the closing circuit 11 to start driving the load 5 at a low speed.
  • the VVV F inverter 8 applies the allowable minimum voltage. From the AC voltage of the allowable minimum frequency, the voltage is gradually and almost linearly as shown in FIG. , Start to output the AC voltage with the increased frequency.
  • the inverter control circuit 82 monitors the output current of the impeller main circuit 81 via the current detector 81a during the period in which the voltage and frequency are gradually increased. Is larger than the predetermined upper limit, the control operation of the inverter control circuit 82 suppresses an increase in the amplitude of the output voltage of the inverter main circuit 81 so that the output current becomes equal to or lower than the upper limit. Meanwhile, the VVVF inverter 8 continues to output the AC voltage whose voltage and frequency are gradually increased, as shown in FIG. 2, so that the induction motor 9 continues to accelerate.
  • the increased output frequency of the VVV inverter 8 has reached the previously set frequency setting.
  • the acceleration operation of the induction motor .9 has been completed.
  • the load 5 such as a textile machine requires a very large drive torque at the time of start-up and acceleration.However, since a small drive torque is sufficient when the acceleration is completed, the output torque of the induction motor 9 also decreases upon completion of the acceleration. As shown in FIG. 2, the output current of the VVVF inverter 8 has also been reduced from the state of the upper limit. '
  • Timing inverter control circuit 82 confirms, or to previously obtain the time up to the point 0-1 2 in advance by actual ⁇ may be timing reaches the point 2 by an unshown timer. In other words, it is only necessary to be after this timing.
  • the VVV F By reducing only the amplitude of the output voltage of the impeller 8 to the voltage set value (for example, l Z "3 times the output voltage at ti, or the output voltage that provides the torque required by the load 5) , the output current when the output voltage at the ti time, the output current when the output voltage at t 2 time, since the efficiency and power factor of the induction motor 9 is improved, may be less.
  • the output voltage after the time point t 3 the drive torque is about 3 times, about 1 Bruno 3 times the output voltage at the time Can be ,
  • the induction motor 9 of t 3 after the time is adapted to the energy-saving one operating condition.
  • the continuous rated value of the induction motor 9 with the delta connection of the primary winding may be set from the value after the time t3 described above, and when the induction motor 9 is started and accelerated.
  • the driving torque and output voltage of the output voltage (VZF) ratio need only be able to be output as a short-time rated value.
  • the control method of the present invention since power is supplied to the induction motor via the inverter from the start of the induction motor, the output frequency of the inverter can be directly shifted to a frequency corresponding to a desired speed after the start. Therefore, there is an advantage that the transition time from the start of the induction motor to the desired operation speed can be shortened.
  • the primary winding is a delta-connected induction motor, and the primary winding is a star, by supplying power only from a general-purpose variable voltage variable frequency (VVVF) inverter.
  • VVVF variable voltage variable frequency
  • Starting and accelerating can be performed with a smaller primary current compared to the connected induction motor.
  • the induction motor can be operated with a small driving torque in a textile machine or the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)

Abstract

An AC power of the lowest voltage and frequency is supplied to an induction motor (9) having delta-connected primary windings from a variable-voltage variable-frequency (VVVF) inverter (8) to start the induction motor (9). While reducing the output current of the inverter below a predetermined current limit value, the output voltage and output frequency are gradually increased. When the output frequency reaches a predetermined frequency preset value and when the acceleration of the induction motor (9) is ended, only the output voltage of the VVVF inverter (8) is gradually decreased to a predetermined voltage preset value. By continuously supplying the induction motor (9) with an AC voltage supplied from the VVVF inverter (8) and corresponding to the frequency preset value and voltage preset value, the induction motor for driving a load such as a fiber machine needing a very high drive torque at start and during acceleration can be controlled most suitably.

Description

誘導電動機の制御方法 技術分野 Control method of induction motor
この発明は、 特に繊維機械など起動時に非常に大きな駆動トルクを必要とす る産業機械を駆動する誘導電動機の制御方法、特に起動時の制御方法に関する。 背景技術  The present invention relates to a control method for an induction motor that drives an industrial machine that requires an extremely large driving torque at startup, such as a textile machine, and more particularly to a startup control method. Background art
従来、 この種の誘導電動機の運転は、 先ず、 誘導電動機を商用電源に接続し て起動し、 この電動機がほぼ定常回転数に達した後に、 この誘導電動機を商用 電源から切り離し、 その代わりに任意に周波数を設定可能な可変電圧可変周波 数（VVV F)インバ一タの出力に接続して運転するようにしていた。 （例えば、 実開昭 6 1— 9 0 8 7 7号明細書 （第 3— 8頁、 第 1図） を参照。）  Conventionally, the operation of this type of induction motor is started by connecting the induction motor to the commercial power supply and starting up. After the motor reaches almost steady speed, the induction motor is disconnected from the commercial power supply, and The system was connected to the output of a variable voltage variable frequency (VVVF) inverter whose frequency can be set for operation. (For example, see the specification of Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 61-090877 (page 3-8, Fig. 1).
この文献に示された従来の誘導電動機の運転方法における問題点について、 図 3に示す従来の誘導電動機の運転回路に基づいて説明する。  Problems in the conventional operation method of the induction motor shown in this document will be described based on the operation circuit of the conventional induction motor shown in FIG.
図 3において、 1は交流の商用電源、 2はインパ一タ主回路 2 1とインパー タ制御回路 2 2とからなる VVV Fインバータ、 3は電磁接触器 MC I , MC 2からなる切替スィッチ回路、 4は誘導電動機、 5は誘導電動機 4で駆動され る繊維機械などの負荷、 6は A Cリアクトノレ、 7はシーケンス制御回路である。  In FIG. 3, 1 is an AC commercial power supply, 2 is a VVVF inverter composed of an inverter main circuit 21 and an inverter control circuit 22, 3 is a switching switch circuit composed of magnetic contactors MC I and MC 2, 4 is an induction motor, 5 is a load such as a textile machine driven by the induction motor 4, 6 is an AC reactor, and 7 is a sequence control circuit.
VVV Fインバータ 2はィンパータ制御回路 2 2の制御動作により商用電源 1の電圧位相と同期した位相の交流電圧が出力可能であり、 以下に、 図 3に示 した運転回路による誘導電動機 4の運転方法を説明する。  The VVVF inverter 2 can output an AC voltage having a phase synchronized with the voltage phase of the commercial power supply 1 by the control operation of the inverter control circuit 2 2 .The operation of the induction motor 4 by the operation circuit shown in FIG. 3 is described below. Will be described.
先ず、 商用電源 1の電圧が確立している状態で、 電磁接触器 MC 1 , MC 2 共に開路状態にある切替スィ.ツチ回路 3へシーケンス制御回路 7から切替信号 としての MC 1への投入指令が発せられ、 電磁接触器 MC 1が閉路すると、 商 用電源 1から給電が開始された誘導電動機 4が負荷 5と共に始動し、 やがて、 誘導電動機 4の回転数が商用電源 1の周波数に対応した回転数に達したところ で起動が完了する。 First, when the voltage of the commercial power supply 1 is established, both the magnetic contactors MC 1 and MC 2 are open.The switching switch 3 is switched to the switching circuit 3 from the sequence control circuit 7 to the MC 1 as a switching signal. Is issued, and when the magnetic contactor MC 1 closes, the quotient The induction motor 4 supplied with electric power from the power supply 1 starts up together with the load 5, and the rotation is completed when the rotation speed of the induction motor 4 reaches the rotation speed corresponding to the frequency of the commercial power supply 1.
電磁接触器 MC 1への投入指令により VVV Fインパ一タ 2も起動され、 そ の出力が、 許容最低電圧および許容最低周波数の交流電圧から商用電源 1の定 格電圧および定格周波数と等しい電圧および周波数の交流電圧となるまで速や かに増大される。  The VVV F impeller 2 is also activated by the input command to the electromagnetic contactor MC 1, and its output is changed from the minimum allowable voltage and minimum allowable frequency AC voltage to the rated voltage and rated frequency of the commercial power supply 1. It is rapidly increased until the frequency becomes the AC voltage.
その後、インパータ制御回路 2 2では商用電源 1の何れか一相の電圧位相と、 VVV.Fインバー夕 2の出力電圧の前記商用電源 1に対応する相の電圧位相と を監視し、 両者が例えば数サイクル一致した時点で、 同期完了信号をシーケン ス制御回路 7へ送出する。  Thereafter, the inverter control circuit 22 monitors the voltage phase of any one phase of the commercial power supply 1 and the voltage phase of the phase corresponding to the commercial power supply 1 of the output voltage of the VVV. When several cycles are matched, a synchronization completion signal is sent to the sequence control circuit 7.
次に、 商用電源 1の周波数に対応した回転数に到達し、 誘導電動機 4が起動 を完了した時点以後の前記同期完了信号により、 シーケンス制御回路 7は切替 信号として電磁接触器 MC 1への開路指令を、 そしてこの電磁接触器 MC 1へ の開路指令から若干のデッドタイム、 例えば 1 0 m S〜2 O m S程度遅らせて 電磁接触器 MC 2へ閉路指令を発することにより電磁接触器 MC 1が開路し、 これより若干遅れて電磁接触器 MC 2が閉路し、 誘導電動機 4への給電が商用 電源 1から VVV Fインバータ 2の出力に切り替わる。 このとき VVV Fイン バータ 2から誘導電動機 4への経路に設置されている A Cリアクトル 6により VVVFインパータ 2から誘導電動機 4への突入電流が抑制される。  Next, when the rotation speed reaches the frequency corresponding to the frequency of the commercial power supply 1 and the induction motor 4 completes starting, the sequence control circuit 7 uses the synchronization completion signal as a switching signal to open the circuit to the electromagnetic contactor MC 1 as a switching signal. The command is then delayed by a slight dead time, for example, about 10 ms to 2 Oms, from the opening command to the electromagnetic contactor MC 1 to issue a closing command to the electromagnetic contactor MC 2, whereby the electromagnetic contactor MC 1 Is opened, and the electromagnetic contactor MC 2 is closed a little later than this, and the power supply to the induction motor 4 is switched from the commercial power supply 1 to the output of the VVV F inverter 2. At this time, the inrush current from the VVVF inverter 2 to the induction motor 4 is suppressed by the AC reactor 6 installed on the path from the VVVF inverter 2 to the induction motor 4.
誘導電動機 4への給電が V V V Fインパータ 2からの給電に切替えられた後、 VVV Fインパータ 2を制御し、 その出力を、 誘導電動機 4が要求する電圧， 周波数の交流電圧に徐々に変更していくことで、 負荷 5が稼働状態に入る。 このような従来の運転方法においては、 次のような問題がある。  After the power supply to the induction motor 4 is switched to the power supply from the VVVF impeller 2, the VVV F impeller 2 is controlled, and its output is gradually changed to the AC voltage of the voltage and frequency required by the induction motor 4. This puts load 5 into operation. Such a conventional operation method has the following problems.
. すなわち、 VVV Fインバ一タ 2としては商用電源 1の交流電圧をダイォー ド整流器と平滑コンデンザで直流電圧に変換し、 この直流電圧を交流電圧に変 換するトランジスタとダイォードとの逆並列回路をプリヅジ接続してなるイン バータ主回路 2 1と、 前記トランジスタを、 例えば PWM制御によりオン， ォ フさせることでインバータ主回路 2 1の交流出力電圧の電圧および周波数を所 望の値に制御する電圧、 周波数制御機能の外に、 交流出力電圧の位相を商用電 源 1の電圧位相に合わせるための位相制御機能をィンパータ制御回路 2 2に備 える必要があり、 その結果、 この VVV Fインパータ 2は、 単に交流出力電圧 の電圧および周波数を制御する電圧、 周波数制御機能しか有さない汎用的な V VV Fインバー夕に比して、 その回路構成が複雑となることである。 また、 切 替スィッチ回路 3、A Cリアクトル 6、シーケンス制御回路 7などを必要とし、 図 3に示した回路構成全体も複雑となる。 That is, as the VVV F inverter 2, the AC voltage of the commercial power supply 1 is converted to a DC voltage by a diode rectifier and a smoothing capacitor, and this DC voltage is converted to an AC voltage. An inverter main circuit 21 in which an anti-parallel circuit of a transistor to be converted and a diode is connected in advance, and the voltage of the AC output voltage of the inverter main circuit 21 by turning on and off the transistor by, for example, PWM control. In addition to the voltage and frequency control functions that control the frequency and the frequency to the desired values, it is necessary to provide a phase control function to adjust the phase of the AC output voltage to the voltage phase of the commercial power supply 1 in the inverter control circuit 22. As a result, the circuit configuration of this VVV F inverter 2 is more complicated than that of a general-purpose VVV F inverter, which has only a voltage and frequency control function for controlling the voltage and frequency of the AC output voltage. It is to become. Further, a switching switch circuit 3, an AC reactor 6, a sequence control circuit 7, and the like are required, and the entire circuit configuration shown in FIG. 3 becomes complicated.
さらに、 A Cリアクトル 6により VVV Fインパータ 2から誘導電動機 4へ の突入電流が抑制されるが、 切替え時に A Cリアクトルのために誘導電動機 4 の回転数が変動し、 この変動が負荷 5にとつて好ましくない場合がある。 さらにまた、 繊維機械のような起動時に非常に大きな駆動トルクを必要とす る負荷を駆動する誘導電動機 4の起動を商用電源 1により行うため、 VVV F ィンバータ 2の動作責務が軽減されるが、 誘導電動機 4の起動完了後の回転数 が商用電源 1の周波数に依存するという難点があり、 その結果、 誘導電動機 4 が要求する出力周波数が商用電源 1の周波数と異なる場合には、 VVV Fィン バータ 2による給電が開始され、 最終的に誘導電動機 4が要求する周波数の交 流電圧にする動作が必要となり、 負荷 5が稼働状態になるまでに時間を要する ことである。  Furthermore, the rush current from the VVV F inverter 2 to the induction motor 4 is suppressed by the AC reactor 6, but the rotation speed of the induction motor 4 fluctuates due to the AC reactor during switching, and this fluctuation is preferable for the load 5. May not be. Furthermore, since the induction motor 4 that drives a load that requires a very large driving torque at the time of startup, such as a textile machine, is started by the commercial power supply 1, the operation duty of the VVV inverter 2 is reduced. There is a disadvantage that the rotation speed of the induction motor 4 after the start-up is completed depends on the frequency of the commercial power supply 1, and as a result, if the output frequency required by the induction motor 4 is different from the frequency of the commercial power supply 1, the VVV F The power supply by the inverter 2 is started, and finally, an operation to obtain an AC voltage having a frequency required by the induction motor 4 is required, and it takes time until the load 5 enters the operating state.
この発明の目的は、 上述の種々の問題点を解消する誘導電動機の制御方法を 提供することにある。 発明の開示 この発明の誘導電動機の制御方法では、 可変電圧可変扃波数ィンパータによ り誘導電動機を制御する方法において、 先ず、 一次巻線がデルタ接続の誘導電 動機にその交流出力電圧の電圧および周波数を許容最低値にした前記ィンパー 夕から前記誘導電動機に給電してこれを始動し、 次に、 この始動した前記誘導 電動機に給電する前記ィンパータの出力電流を予め定めた上限値以下に制限し つつ、 該ィンパー夕の出力電圧と出力周波数とを所定の増加率で出力周波数が 予め定めた周波数設定値に達するまで徐々に増大させて前記誘導電動機を加速 し、 前記インバータの出力周波数が前記周波数設定値の達した後は、 前記誘導 電動機に給電する前記インパー夕の出力周波数を前記周波数設定値に保ちつつ、 前記ィンバ一夕の出力電圧のみを予め定めた電圧設定値まで所定の減少率で 徐々に低下させ、 その後、 前記インバータは前記電圧設定値および周波数設定 値に基づく交流電圧を前記誘導電動機に供給するようにしたことを特徴とする。 この発明は、 一次巻線がデルタ接続の誘導電動機では、 一次巻線がスター接 続の誘導電動機に比して、 可変電圧可変周波数 （VVV F) インバ一タから供 給される交流電圧に対する該誘導電動機が出力する駆動トルクをより大きくで きる （具体的には約 3倍） ことに着目し、 また、 この VVV Fインパータが備 える出力電流制限機能を利用して、 繊維機械など起動時に非常に大きな駆動ト ルクを必要とする負荷を駆動する誘導電動機を速やかに起動， 加速させる動作 と、 この起動， 加速を完了後はこの誘導電動機を小さな駆動トルクで運転でき ることに着目して、 該 VVV Fインバ一タの出力電圧のみを低下させる動作と を、 汎用的な前記 VVV Fインパー夕により、 連続して行うようにしている。 図面の簡単な説明 An object of the present invention is to provide an induction motor control method that solves the various problems described above. Disclosure of the invention In the method of controlling an induction motor according to the present invention, in the method of controlling an induction motor using a variable voltage variable frequency converter, first, the voltage and frequency of the AC output voltage of the induction motor whose primary winding is delta-connected are allowed. Power is supplied to the induction motor from the impeller having the minimum value and the motor is started, and then the output current of the impeller supplying power to the started induction motor is limited to a predetermined upper limit value or less. The output voltage and output frequency of the impeller are gradually increased at a predetermined rate until the output frequency reaches a predetermined frequency set value to accelerate the induction motor, and the output frequency of the inverter is set to the frequency set value. After that, while maintaining the output frequency of the impeller to supply power to the induction motor at the set frequency, the output voltage of the inverter is maintained. Only the voltage is gradually reduced to a predetermined voltage set value at a predetermined reduction rate, and thereafter, the inverter supplies an AC voltage based on the voltage set value and the frequency set value to the induction motor. I do. The present invention relates to an induction motor having a delta-connected primary winding and an AC motor supplied from a variable voltage variable frequency (VVVF) inverter, compared to an induction motor having a primary winding connected in a star connection. Focusing on the fact that the drive torque output by the induction motor can be increased (specifically, about three times), the output current limiting function provided by this VVV F-interter can be used to start up an emergency operation such as textile machinery. Focusing on the operation of quickly starting and accelerating an induction motor that drives a load that requires a large driving torque, and the fact that after starting and accelerating the induction motor can be operated with a small driving torque, The operation of lowering only the output voltage of the VVVF inverter is continuously performed by the general-purpose VVVF inverter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
図 1は、 この発明の実施の形態を示す運転回路の構成図である。  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an operation circuit showing an embodiment of the present invention.
図 2は、 図 1の運転回路の動作を説明する波形図である。  FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram illustrating the operation of the operation circuit of FIG.
図 3は、 従来の誘導電動機の運転回路を示す構成図である。 発明を実施するための最良の形態 FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an operation circuit of a conventional induction motor. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
図 1は、 この発明の誘導電動機の運転方法の実施の形態を示す運転回路の構 成図であり、 図 3に示した従来構成と同一機能を有するものには同一符号を付 している。  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an operation circuit illustrating an embodiment of an operation method of an induction motor according to the present invention. Components having the same functions as those of the conventional configuration shown in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
すなわち図 1に示した回路構成では、 商用電源 1、 負荷 5の他に、 商用電源 1の交流電圧をダイォード整流器と平滑コンデンザで直流電圧に変換し、 この 直流電圧を交流電圧に変換するトランジスタとダイォード.との逆並列回路をブ リッジ接続してなるインパータ主回路 8 1と、 このィンパータ主回路 8 1の出 力電流を検出するシャント抵抗などの電流検出器 8 1 aと、 前記トランジスタ を、 例えば PWM制御によりオン， オフさせることでインバータ主回路 8 1か ら所望の電圧、周波数の交流電圧を出力させるための電圧、周波数制御機能と、 電流検出器 8 1 aの検出値が予め定めた上限値 （例えば、 インバ一タ主回路 8 1の定格出力電流値の 1 5 0 %程度） を越えたときには、 この上限値以下の出 力電流にするためにィンバータ主回路 8 1の出力電圧を絞り込む電流制限機能 とを備えるインパ一タ制御回路 8 2とからなる VVV Fィンバータ 8と、 一次 巻線がデルタ接続の誘導電動機 9と、 電磁接触器 1 0と、 電磁接触器 1 0の投 入回路 1 1とから構成されている。  In other words, in the circuit configuration shown in Fig. 1, in addition to the commercial power supply 1 and the load 5, the AC voltage of the commercial power supply 1 is converted to a DC voltage by a diode rectifier and a smoothing capacitor, and a transistor for converting this DC voltage to an AC voltage is provided. An inverter main circuit 81 formed by bridge-connecting an anti-parallel circuit with a diode, a current detector 81a such as a shunt resistor for detecting an output current of the impeller main circuit 81, and the transistor For example, a voltage and frequency control function for outputting an AC voltage of a desired voltage and frequency from the inverter main circuit 81 by turning on and off by PWM control, and a detection value of the current detector 81a are predetermined. When the output current exceeds the upper limit (for example, about 150% of the rated output current of the inverter main circuit 81), the output of the inverter main A VVV inverter 8 comprising an inverter control circuit 82 having a current limiting function for reducing the voltage, an induction motor 9 having a delta connection primary winding, a magnetic contactor 10, and a magnetic contactor 10. It consists of the injection circuit 11 and 1.
図 1に示したこの発明を実施した運転回路の動作を、 図 2に示す波形図を参 照しつつ、 以下に説明する。  The operation of the operation circuit embodying the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described below with reference to a waveform diagram shown in FIG.
待機状態において、 電磁接触器 1 0は開路しておく。 商用電源 1の電圧が確 立していることを条件に、 VVV Fインバ一タ 8を起動する。 起動したインパ —タ 8は、 インバータ制御回路 8 2の制御動作により、 VVV Fインバータ 8 が予め定めた電圧， 周波数（例えば、 許容最低電圧,許容最低周波数） の交流電 圧を出力する状態にしておく。 誘導電動機 9の起動を開始する t fl時点で、 投入回路 1 1からの投入指令に より電磁接触器 1 0を閉路させることにより、 誘導電動機 9が始動し、 負荷 5 を低速で駆動し始めると共に、 前記投入指令に基づくィンパータ制御回路 8 2 の制御動作により、 VVV Fインバ一タ 8は前記許容最低電圧. 許容最低周波 数の交流電圧から、 図 2に示すようにほぼ直線的に徐々に電圧、 周波数を増大 させた交流電圧を出力し始める。 In the standby state, the magnetic contactor 10 is open. Start the VVV F inverter 8 on condition that the voltage of the commercial power supply 1 is established. The started inverter 8 is controlled by the inverter control circuit 82 so that the VVVF inverter 8 outputs an AC voltage of a predetermined voltage and frequency (for example, an allowable minimum voltage and an allowable minimum frequency). . At the point of time t fl when starting of the induction motor 9 is started, the induction motor 9 is started by closing the electromagnetic contactor 10 by a closing command from the closing circuit 11 to start driving the load 5 at a low speed. By the control operation of the inverter control circuit 8 2 based on the input command, the VVV F inverter 8 applies the allowable minimum voltage. From the AC voltage of the allowable minimum frequency, the voltage is gradually and almost linearly as shown in FIG. , Start to output the AC voltage with the increased frequency.
この電圧、 周波数を徐々に増大させている期間中のインパータ主回路 8 1の 出力電流を、 電流検出器 8 1 aを介してインバータ制御回路 8 2が監視し、 こ の監視により、 前記出力電流が予め定めた上限値を越えているときには、 該出 力電流が前記上限値以下になるように、 ィンパータ制御回路 8 2の制御動作に よりインバータ主回路 8 1の出力電圧の振幅の増大を抑制しつつ、 この VVV Fインバ一タ 8は、 図 2に示すように徐々に電圧， 周波数を増大させた交流電 圧を出力し続けることで、 誘導電動機 9は加速し続ける。  The inverter control circuit 82 monitors the output current of the impeller main circuit 81 via the current detector 81a during the period in which the voltage and frequency are gradually increased. Is larger than the predetermined upper limit, the control operation of the inverter control circuit 82 suppresses an increase in the amplitude of the output voltage of the inverter main circuit 81 so that the output current becomes equal to or lower than the upper limit. Meanwhile, the VVVF inverter 8 continues to output the AC voltage whose voltage and frequency are gradually increased, as shown in FIG. 2, so that the induction motor 9 continues to accelerate.
時点で、 VVV Fィンバータ 8の増大させた出力周波数が既に予め定め た周波数設定値に達する。 この 時点までに誘導電動機.9の加速動作を終了 している状態になっている。 繊維機械などの負荷 5は起動およぴ加速時に非常 に大きな駆動トルクを必要とするが、 加速を完了すると小さな駆動トルクでよ いことから、 加速の完了によって誘導電動機 9の出力トルクも減少し、 図 2に 示すように、 VVV Fインパータ 8の出力電流も前記上限値の状態を脱し、 減 少した状態になっている。'  At this point, the increased output frequency of the VVV inverter 8 has reached the previously set frequency setting. Up to this point, the acceleration operation of the induction motor .9 has been completed. The load 5 such as a textile machine requires a very large drive torque at the time of start-up and acceleration.However, since a small drive torque is sufficient when the acceleration is completed, the output torque of the induction motor 9 also decreases upon completion of the acceleration. As shown in FIG. 2, the output current of the VVVF inverter 8 has also been reduced from the state of the upper limit. '
上述の 時点より若干の時間経過した t 2時点から、 インバ一タ制御回路 8 2の制御動作により VVV Fインパータ 8の出力周波数は前記周波数設定値を 維持しつつ、 VVVFインバ一タ 8の出力電圧のみを、 図 2に示すように t 3 時点まで、 ほぼ直線的に徐々に減少させた交流電圧を出力し始める。 ここで、 VVVFインバ一タ 8の出力電圧の減少を開始する 12時点は、このィンパータ の出力電流が予め定めた値に減少したことを電流検出器 8 1 aの検出値により インバータ制御回路 8 2が確認したタイミング、 または、 予め実驗により時点 0~ 12までの時間を求めておき、 図示しないタイマーにより時点 2に達した タイミングとしてもよい。すなわち、このタイミング 時点以降であればよい。 上述の t i〜 13時点の期間において、繊維機械などの誘導電動機 9の駆動ト ルクが少なくてよいときには、 VVV Fインパ一タ 8はその出力周波数を周波 数設定値に保ちつつ、 この VVV Fインパータ 8の出力電圧の振幅のみを電圧 設定値 （例えば、 t i時点での出力電圧の l Z "3倍、 または、 負荷 5が必要と するトルクが得られる出力電圧の値） まで減少させることにより、 t i時点で の出力電圧のときの出力電流に対して、 t 2時点での出力電圧ときの出力電流 は、誘導電動機 9の効率および力率が改善されることから、より少なくてよい。 すなわち、 一次巻線がデルタ接続の誘導電動機ではスター接続の誘導電動機に 比して、 駆動トルクが約 3倍となるので t 3時点以降の出力電圧は、 時点で の出力電圧の約 1ノ 3倍にすることができる。 このため、 t 3時点以降の誘導 電動機 9は、 省エネルギ一運転状態になっている。 From some time elapsed t 2 time from the time of the above, while the output frequency of the VVV F Inpata 8 by the control operation of the inverter Ichita control circuit 82 is maintained the frequency setting value, the output voltage of the VVVF inverter Ichita 8 only until t 3 time points as shown in FIG. 2, it starts outputting the AC voltage substantially linearly gradually reduced. Here, at the point 12 when the output voltage of the VVVF inverter 8 starts to decrease, the fact that the output current of the inverter has decreased to a predetermined value is determined by the detection value of the current detector 81a. Timing inverter control circuit 82 confirms, or to previously obtain the time up to the point 0-1 2 in advance by actual驗may be timing reaches the point 2 by an unshown timer. In other words, it is only necessary to be after this timing. In the period of ti~ 1 3 point above, at a time that less driving torque of the induction motor 9, such as a textile machine, VVV F Inpa Ichita 8 while maintaining the output frequency to the frequency setting value, the VVV F By reducing only the amplitude of the output voltage of the impeller 8 to the voltage set value (for example, l Z "3 times the output voltage at ti, or the output voltage that provides the torque required by the load 5) , the output current when the output voltage at the ti time, the output current when the output voltage at t 2 time, since the efficiency and power factor of the induction motor 9 is improved, may be less. that , compared to the induction motor of the star connection is the primary winding induction motor delta connection, the output voltage after the time point t 3 the drive torque is about 3 times, about 1 Bruno 3 times the output voltage at the time Can be , The induction motor 9 of t 3 after the time is adapted to the energy-saving one operating condition.
上述の動作説明から明らかなように、 一次巻線がデルタ接続の誘導電動機 9 の連続定格値は上述の t 3時点以降の値から設定すればよく、 また、 誘導電動 機 9の起動， 加速時の駆動トルクおよび出力電圧 出力周波数 （VZF) 比は 短時間定格値として出力できればよい。  As is apparent from the above description of operation, the continuous rated value of the induction motor 9 with the delta connection of the primary winding may be set from the value after the time t3 described above, and when the induction motor 9 is started and accelerated. The driving torque and output voltage of the output voltage (VZF) ratio need only be able to be output as a short-time rated value.
この発明の制御方法によれば、 誘導電動機の始動時からィンパータを介して 誘導電動機に給電を行なうため、 始動後、 インバー夕の出力周波数を所望する 速度に対応した周波数へ直接移行することができるので、 誘導電動機の始動か ら所望の運転速度への移行時間を短くできる利点がある。 産業上の利用の可能性  According to the control method of the present invention, since power is supplied to the induction motor via the inverter from the start of the induction motor, the output frequency of the inverter can be directly shifted to a frequency corresponding to a desired speed after the start. Therefore, there is an advantage that the transition time from the start of the induction motor to the desired operation speed can be shortened. Industrial applicability
この発明によれば、 汎用的な可変電圧可変周波数 （VVV F) インバー夕の みからの給電により一次巻線がデルタ接続の誘導電動機を、 一次巻線がスター 接続の誘導電動機に比して、 より少ない一次電流で起動， 加速が可能となり、 さらに、 この起動， 加速の完了後には、 繊維機械などでは該誘導電動機を小さ な駆動トルクで運転できることから、 VVV Fインバータ φ出力電圧のみを低 下させることにより、 該誘導電動機の運転効率と力率とを改善できるので、 近 年の省エネルギーの要請に応えることができる。 According to the present invention, the primary winding is a delta-connected induction motor, and the primary winding is a star, by supplying power only from a general-purpose variable voltage variable frequency (VVVF) inverter. Starting and accelerating can be performed with a smaller primary current compared to the connected induction motor. Furthermore, after this starting and accelerating is completed, the induction motor can be operated with a small driving torque in a textile machine or the like. By reducing only the F inverter φ output voltage, the operation efficiency and power factor of the induction motor can be improved, and it is possible to meet recent demands for energy saving.

Claims

請求の範囲 可変電圧可変周波数ィンバー夕により誘導電動機を制御する方法において、 先ず、 一次巻線がデルタ接続の誘導電動機にその交流出力電圧の電圧およ ぴ周波数を許容最低値にした前記ィンバータから前記誘導電動機に給電し てこれを始動し、 A method for controlling an induction motor by means of a variable voltage variable frequency inverter, comprising the steps of: first, the primary winding is supplied to a delta-connected induction motor from the inverter in which the voltage and the frequency of its AC output voltage are set to minimum allowable values. It supplies power to the induction motor and starts it,
次に、 この始動した前記誘導電動機に給電する前記ィンバータの出力電流 を予め定めた上限値以下に制限しつつ、 該ィンパ一夕の出力電圧と出力周波 数とを所定の増加率で出力周波数が予め定めた周波数設定値に達するまで 徐々に増大させて前記誘導電動機を加速し、  Next, while limiting the output current of the inverter for supplying power to the started induction motor to be equal to or less than a predetermined upper limit, the output voltage and the output frequency of the inverter are increased at a predetermined increasing rate. Accelerate the induction motor by gradually increasing until reaching a predetermined frequency set value,
前記ィンパータの出力周波数が前記周波数設定値の達した後は、 前記誘導 電動機に給電する前記ィンバータの出力周波数を前記周波数設定値に保ち つつ、 前記ィンバータの出力電圧のみを予め定めた電圧設定値まで所定の減 少率で徐々に低下させ、  After the output frequency of the inverter reaches the frequency set value, while maintaining the output frequency of the inverter supplying power to the induction motor at the frequency set value, only the output voltage of the inverter is set to a predetermined voltage set value. Gradually decrease at a predetermined reduction rate,
その後、 前記ィンバータは前記電圧設定値および周波数設定値に基づく交 流電圧を前記誘導電動機に供給するようにしたことを特徴とする誘導電動 機の制御方法。  Thereafter, the inverter supplies an AC voltage based on the voltage set value and the frequency set value to the induction motor.
PCT/JP2003/005988 2002-05-17 2003-05-14 Induction motor control method WO2003098792A1 (en)

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CN101860286A (en) * 2010-07-06 2010-10-13 中国北车股份有限公司大连电力牵引研发中心 Method for providing given frequency in motor starting phase
US20110304199A1 (en) * 2010-06-09 2011-12-15 Rozman Gregory I Hybrid electric power architecture for a vehicle
CN103116131A (en) * 2013-01-18 2013-05-22 广东电网公司佛山供电局 Evaluation method of impact of direct launching of 10kV large power motor on running voltage of power distribution network

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JP2001078493A (en) * 1999-07-07 2001-03-23 Ko Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk Inverter device

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JPH07163188A (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-06-23 Meidensha Corp Torque boost controller for induction motor
JPH11252986A (en) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-17 Sanyo Denki Co Ltd Controller for multiplex winding motor
JP2001078493A (en) * 1999-07-07 2001-03-23 Ko Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk Inverter device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110304199A1 (en) * 2010-06-09 2011-12-15 Rozman Gregory I Hybrid electric power architecture for a vehicle
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CN103116131A (en) * 2013-01-18 2013-05-22 广东电网公司佛山供电局 Evaluation method of impact of direct launching of 10kV large power motor on running voltage of power distribution network

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