WO2003077347A1 - A rechargeable lithium-ion power battery and manufacture method of the same - Google Patents

A rechargeable lithium-ion power battery and manufacture method of the same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003077347A1
WO2003077347A1 PCT/CN2003/000169 CN0300169W WO03077347A1 WO 2003077347 A1 WO2003077347 A1 WO 2003077347A1 CN 0300169 W CN0300169 W CN 0300169W WO 03077347 A1 WO03077347 A1 WO 03077347A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positive
positive electrode
negative electrode
pole
negative
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2003/000169
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Yongming Ju
Original Assignee
Yongming Ju
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yongming Ju filed Critical Yongming Ju
Priority to AU2003221214A priority Critical patent/AU2003221214A1/en
Publication of WO2003077347A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003077347A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • Lithium-ion power battery capable of being repeatedly charged and discharged and manufacturing method thereof
  • Cikon patent application 00101 356 ⁇ 4 discloses "a kind of chrome-lithium lithium solid power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged". Although it is nominally a chrome-fluoride lithium solid power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, its structure and composition are not fully disclosed in practice, so it has little practicality and application value, and it has not fundamentally solved high-power charging and discharging. The problem.
  • the biggest problem of lithium-ion power batteries is the heat generated during the charging and discharging process, and the heat generated during the charging and discharging process has a great adverse effect on the lithium-ion power batteries.
  • the invention belongs to an environmentally-friendly battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged.
  • the object is to hope that an inner body formed by winding a positive electrode and a negative electrode with a large leaf tab and a separator at the same time with a uniquely designed terminal.
  • the current collector which is more sensitive to internal pressure, and therefore more reliable and safer, has better current collection and heat dissipation performance, solves the high-power repeated charge and discharge requirements of lithium-ion power batteries, thereby achieving a wide range of lithium-ion power batteries. application.
  • the present invention provides a lithium-ion power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged.
  • Each single battery consists of a cover plate, a negative pole, a safety valve, a positive pole, a current collector plywood, an inner body, an electrolyte, a cylindrical shape or a square shape.
  • the shell is composed of the following features:
  • the positive and negative electrode groups that is, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator together form an electrode assembly with a disc structure; the positive electrode post is connected to the positive electrode, and the negative electrode post It is connected to the negative electrode.
  • the positive electrode is made of aluminum foil of a certain thickness, and the positive electrode active material is evenly coated on both sides.
  • the negative electrode is made of copper foil of a certain thickness, and the negative electrode active material is evenly coated on both sides.
  • Unipolar ears or large-leaf polypoles with varying intervals are shaped as narrow rectangular pieces (also referred to as expanded pieces).
  • Large-leaf monopoles and large-leaf multipoles are collectively referred to as large-leaf poles.
  • Large-leaf poles can be either raised or hidden, and the current is exported to the pole through the current collector splint; the positive pole has one or several pole poles, the negative pole has one or several pole poles, The number can be equal or different, and the diameters of the poles can be equal or different.
  • the present invention adopts a structure with large leaf poles that can reduce the current density, which can avoid the extremely harmful heat generated in the lithium ion power battery to the greatest extent.
  • the invention also provides a safety valve for a lithium ion power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged.
  • the compression spring is installed in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt, and the inner hole of the adjustment bolt is used to hold the compression spring and seal the steel ball. Stable, the compression spring can slide down vertically in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt, the sealing steel ball can slide down vertically in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt, and the outer diameter of the adjustment bolt is machined with a thread that matches the safety valve body; adjustment Bolts are processed with several vertical exhaust grooves, and exhaust holes are opened in the lower part of the exhaust groove; the compression spring is pressed on the upper part of the steel ball, and the lower hole of the sealed steel ball is trapped in the fluorine on the cover injection port. On the rubber ⁇ ; the pressure relief hole at the bottom of the safety valve communicates with the injection hole on the cover.
  • the present invention also provides a lithium-ion power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged and a manufacturing method thereof, including the following steps: batching- ⁇ coating (pulling)- ⁇ slicing (if the tabs are directly cut, there is no Welding lugs)- ⁇ rolling- ⁇ making (welding) lugs- ⁇ winding (including casing and sealing)- ⁇ filling- ⁇ chemical conversion- ⁇ volumetric.
  • the invention has a uniquely designed current collecting (current collecting) terminal, that is, an inner body formed by winding positive and negative electrodes of a large leaf tab and a diaphragm at the same time, which is more sensitive to internal pressure
  • the current collecting plywood which has a more reliable, safer, safer safety valve, better current collection performance, and better heat dissipation performance, solves the high-power repeated charge and discharge requirements of lithium-ion power batteries, thereby achieving the wide application of lithium-ion power batteries.
  • Figure 1-1 is a sectional view of a folding lithium-ion power battery
  • Figure 1-2 shows a top view of a folding lithium-ion power battery
  • 1-AA is a schematic diagram of the inner body folded in the above manner
  • Figure 1-AB An enlarged view of the positive electrode, negative electrode, and separator placement methods; Figure 1 A, 1 A-1, 1B, 1B-1, 1C, and l C-1 kind of schematic
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a dotted line in FIG. 1-AA;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a lithium ion power battery according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a stacking method of the pole pieces in the lithium ion power battery of the present invention
  • Figs. 5 and 6 respectively show the structures of the pressure spring type and the plate type safety valve.
  • each unit battery is composed of a cover plate 1, a negative pole 2, a safety valve 3, a positive pole 4, and an open casing 9. ;
  • a current collector plywood also referred to as a pole piece plywood
  • an electrolytic solution 8 a negative electrode piece 12, a positive electrode piece 1 3, and a separator 1 9 (or 1 9-1). .
  • the outer casing 9, the negative pole 2 on the cover plate 1, the safety valve 3, and the positive pole 4 constitute the outer body of the lithium-ion power battery; a plurality of pairs of positive and negative electrode groups, a diaphragm, and a current collecting ply constitute the inner body 7 of the lithium-ion power battery .
  • the structure and manufacturing process (method) of the folding lithium-ion power battery are described as follows:
  • the folding inner body 7 of a lithium-ion power battery consists of a relatively narrow and folded negative electrode sheet, several positive electrode sheets, and a separator or positive and negative electrodes that are both narrow and foldable.
  • the developed sheet and the separator together form an electrode assembly having a multi-layered structure, and the positive and negative electrode sheets are arranged at regular intervals.
  • the negative electrode 12 is a folded sheet that can be folded back and forth relatively
  • the positive electrode 1 3 is a single piece (also called a piece), which is laminated by the negative electrode 12 Live.
  • the positive electrode 13 may also be a folded sheet that can be folded back and forth relatively in a relatively narrow shape, and the negative electrode 12 is a block.
  • the positive electrode 1 3 is composed of an aluminum foil and a positive electrode active material.
  • the aluminum foil is a thin metal foil, and both sides are coated with a positive electrode active material (can be lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium nickelate, or lithium nickel cobaltate). ).
  • the surface of the aluminum foil is usually smooth, but the aluminum foil with a rougher surface has better adhesion for coating active materials.
  • a suitable aluminum foil thickness ranges from 10 ⁇ m to 8 0 ⁇ m.
  • the optimal thickness of aluminum foil is 15 ⁇ m ⁇ 2 5 ⁇ m; when charging and discharging requirements are 2 C ⁇ 3 C or greater, other factors are excluded, and aluminum foil is used.
  • the optimal thickness is 20 ⁇ m ⁇ 4 5 ⁇ m or more.
  • the negative electrode 1 2 is composed of a copper foil and a negative electrode active material.
  • the copper foil is a thin metal foil, and the negative electrode active material (either natural graphite, flake graphite, artificial graphite, or petroleum coke) is uniformly coated on both sides. Electric body.
  • the surface of the copper foil is usually smooth, but the copper foil with a rougher surface has better adhesion for coating active materials.
  • the suitable thickness of copper foil is 6 ⁇ ⁇ to 50 ⁇ ⁇ , when the area of the negative electrode piece is less than or equal to 100 mm x 50 mm and greater than or equal to 100 mm x 50 mm, charge and discharge requirements
  • the optimal thickness of copper foil is 8 ⁇ m ⁇ 20 ⁇ m; when charging and discharging requirements are 2 C-3 C or greater, other factors are excluded, and copper foil is used.
  • the optimal thickness is 15 ⁇ m ⁇ 3 5 ⁇ ⁇ or more.
  • the metal foil used for the positive electrode or the negative electrode can also be separately Use wire mesh or flat mesh metal foil.
  • the so-called flat mesh metal foil is formed by punching a number of fine small holes mechanically or chemically or other methods on a thin aluminum or copper foil, and stretching it in the longitudinal and horizontal directions. Active materials (excluding conductive agents, binders, and dispersants) of previous lithium-ion batteries accounted for about 90% of the total ingredients, and the remaining about 10% were conductive agents, binders, and dispersants.
  • the optimal density of the negative electrode active material per square centimeter is 0. 0 1 4 g ⁇ 0 .
  • the negative electrode sheet 12 has a plurality of folding lines 2 0/2 0-1 in opposite directions, and the folding line has a certain width.
  • the negative electrode 1 2 must be along the center line of the folding line. It is folded up to sandwich the positive electrode 13 and becomes the inner body 7.
  • the negative electrode 1 2 is referred to as a rolled sheet or folded sheet in the present invention because of its characteristic of continuous relative folding, and the positive electrode 13 is referred to as a block sheet.
  • Fig. 1A, Fig. 1B, and Fig. 1C are the expanded sheets (also referred to as expanded sheets) of the negative electrode 12, and it can be seen that there are several Fold the line 2 0/2 0-1.
  • the large leaf tabs on the negative electrode 12 are adjacent tabs, and the folded adjacent tabs can overlap; the adjacent large leaf tabs can also be connected as a whole (joint tabs).
  • the positive electrode sheet 1 is a single sheet, there is no folding line thereon.
  • the positive electrode 13 can also be processed into one-piece pieces. If the positive electrode is a conjoined piece, an inward folding line 20 must also be processed during the process, and the corresponding active material can be scraped off.
  • the large leaf tabs of the positive electrode 1 3 of the conjoined piece are adjacent tabs, or they can be conjoined tabs.
  • the width must not be more than half (1/2) of the length of the side on which the tab is located.
  • the fold line 20 can be used to make it a large leaf tab.
  • the specific method is to increase the width of the fold line 20 and scrape off the active materials on both sides to make it a large leaf tab. Normally, it is only necessary to widen the width of one of the folding lines 20 or 20-1 and scrape off the active material on both the front and back sides. In this way, the tab of the positive electrode can be from the other side Side lead. If the power of the lithium-ion power battery is particularly large, the width of the fold line 20 and the fold line 20-1 must be widened and the active material on both sides of the fold line must be scraped, and the large leaf tab of the positive electrode can be removed from the other side. Lead out.
  • the positive and negative electrode sheets of the folded lithium-ion power battery are more suitable for coating the active material on only one side.
  • the positive and negative electrodes coated on one side are long and narrow rectangular sheets (stretched into sheets), each of which is coated with the active material coated side (the middle is lined with a separator 19). Relatively folded, folding lines 20 are processed at the inward folds and scraped off On the active substance.
  • This single-sided coated pole piece has higher accuracy and the effect of composing the inner body will be better.
  • the large leaf tabs of the positive and negative electrode sheets coated on one side are adjacent tabs that can be overlapped, and they can also be connected tabs.
  • the maximum height of the lobe pole is not greater than its own (large lobe) width, preferably smaller than its width.
  • the height of the lobe pole is as small as possible.
  • the large-leaf multipole ears can be arbitrarily set at any position on the long or short sides of the positive and negative plates as required.
  • the centerline position of the large-leaf monopole ears should be located as close as possible to about 1/4 of the side length of the laminated positive and negative poles. Or 3/4 places.
  • the inner edge line of the large leaf ear should be as close as possible to the center line of the pole piece, but it must not interfere with the pole ear of the other pole. Insulation measures must be taken to prevent short contact with the pole ear of the other pole.
  • the size of the positive and negative electrode sheets varies according to their process requirements. Because the price of the active material 1 3-2 of the positive electrode is much more expensive than that of the negative electrode 1 2-2, the length and width of the negative electrode plate are taken when cutting. Both are slightly larger than the positive electrode sheet, which not only saves resources, but also gives full play to the material properties of the positive electrode.
  • the positive electrode 1 3 and the negative electrode 12 are usually directly cut into rectangular pieces with large-leaf monopoles or large-leaf multipoles.
  • the method of making large-leaf pole tabs can also be directly processed to form pole pieces by rolling or shearing.
  • the width of the large leaf tabs on the positive electrode 13 is the same as the width of the large leaf tabs on the negative electrode 12.
  • the width of the respective large leaf tabs on the positive and negative electrodes can also be unequal under special requirements. For large-capacity lithium-ion power batteries, when fast high-power charging and discharging are required, the tab widths on the positive and negative electrodes should be equal.
  • the width of the large leaf tabs on the negative electrode 12 can be larger than that of the large leaf tabs on the positive electrode 1 3; In this case, the width of the large leaf tab on the positive electrode 13 may be greater than the width of the large leaf tab on the negative electrode 12.
  • connection between the lobe pole and the current collector can be a clear angle (that is, the connection is a right angle, an obtuse angle without a circular arc), or a smooth arc connection (that is, an R angle at the connection), as shown in the figure.
  • the R at the connection not only has higher mechanical strength, but also helps to prevent the concentration of heat and cause the pole tabs to melt or even to destroy the pole pieces.
  • the manufacturing method of the tabs is whether the directly cut tabs 10/1 1 or the welded tabs are raised heads. It can be seen that the tabs are significantly higher than the active material coated on the tabs. The advantage is that it is convenient Scraping powder. The form of the hidden head is exactly the opposite of that of the raised head.
  • Large leaf tabs can be on the long sides of the rectangular positive and negative plates, or on the short sides of the positive and negative plates. On the long side of the positive and negative plates.
  • the tabs can be fabricated by welding as shown in Figures 1B and 1B-1 (15/16). Welding When several metal pieces are welded, the mechanical strength is increased, the conductivity is improved, and the heat dissipation performance is improved. Welds 1 4 must be secure.
  • the advantage of welding the lugs is that there is less burr on the cut pieces. Therefore, it is best to use welded large leaf poles to make large leaf poles.
  • the anode is made of aluminum and the anode is made of nickel or copper.
  • the shape of the large leaf tabs can be designed and processed into square, rectangular, semi-circular, trapezoidal or other shapes that facilitate flow and heat dissipation.
  • the best tab shape is a trapezoid with R rounded corners at the connection.
  • the basic function of the separator is to separate the positive and negative electrodes, prevent the battery from short-circuiting, and adsorb and maintain the electrolyte.
  • the separator In addition to having good insulation properties, stable chemical and electrochemical properties, the separator must have a certain mechanical strength and a high electrical conductivity. Ratio, it is most suitable to use porous polyolefin materials. In view of the characteristics that lithium-ion power batteries must be charged and discharged with high power, higher safety performance is required.
  • the lithium-ion power battery involved in the present invention mainly uses a polyethylene separator having a microporous structure and a low current cut-off temperature of 15 to 80 ⁇ .
  • the selection principle of the separator is as thin as possible, but when the area of the positive or negative electrode piece is less than or equal to 1
  • the optimal thickness of the separator is 20 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 4 0 ⁇ ⁇ ;
  • the optimal thickness of the separator is 40 ⁇ m or more.
  • the separator is generally made of a rectangular sheet conforming to the shape of the positive and negative electrode sheets. Because the area of all the positive electrodes 1 3 is slightly smaller than the area of the negative electrode 12, the positive electrode is wrapped with a separator.
  • the separator is usually made in the shape of a bag 19 so that the positive electrode 1 3 can be inserted or clamped.
  • the bag-shaped diaphragm can heat-seal three sides or only the adjacent two sides; the heat-seal only two adjacent sides of the diaphragm are easier to assemble.
  • the positive and negative electrode sheets coated on one side are both long and narrow rectangular sheets (expanded sheets), so the corresponding separators 19 are also long and narrow rectangular sheets.
  • the area of the separator is larger than the positive and negative electrodes, both in length and width. Except for the ears, the separator 19 must completely surround the positive electrode 1 and 3, and the edges must not be exposed to prevent short circuits.
  • the material of the lithium ion power battery pole is a metal material with excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. In addition to a certain strength, it must also have good heat dissipation performance.
  • the pole can be cylindrical or sheet-shaped to facilitate faster heat dissipation by lithium ion power.
  • the pole can be installed on any side surface of the lithium-ion power battery; according to different needs, the positive and negative poles can also be installed on different side surfaces of the lithium-ion power battery.
  • one positive pole and one negative pole of a lithium-ion power battery can meet the needs.
  • more poles of a larger-capacity lithium-ion power battery may be installed, for example, two positive poles and two negative poles may be installed at the same time.
  • the number of positive and negative poles may be equal or different.
  • the number of positive and negative poles should be equal; in the case of fast high power charging without high power discharge, the number of negative poles can be equal to or greater than the number of positive poles The number of positive poles; in the case of high power discharge without fast high power charging, the number of positive poles can be equal to or greater than the number of negative poles.
  • the diameter of the pole can also be adjusted to meet the above needs.
  • the diameters of the positive and negative poles should be equal; in the case of fast high-power charging without high-power discharge, the negative pole
  • the diameter of the pole can be equal to or larger than the diameter of the positive pole; in the case of high power discharge without fast high power charging, the diameter of the positive pole can be equal to or larger than the diameter of the negative pole The diameter of the pole.
  • Lithium-ion power batteries use multiple electrolytes to accommodate wider temperature changes.
  • Multi-component electrolyte refers to a mixture of two or more solvents and lithium hexafluorophosphate.
  • the lithium-ion power battery uses:
  • LIPF 6 lithium hexafluorophosphate
  • EC ethylene carbonate
  • DEC difluorenyl carbonate
  • the solvent ratio is 0.9 5 to 1.0 0.5: 0. 9 5 ⁇ 1. 0 5: 0.9 5 ⁇ 1. 0 5; or
  • the lithium-ion power battery case according to the present invention is a part of a lithium-ion power battery, and is also referred to as a cell case.
  • the cell case is also positive and negative
  • the cell case is also referred to as an electrode case.
  • the cell shell of high-power lithium-ion power batteries should be avoided as much as possible. Under normal circumstances, the cell shell of a high-power lithium-ion power battery cannot be an electrode shell, and the shell must be insulated from the pole. However, in special cases, the case can also become an electrode case.
  • the square case 9 of a lithium-ion power battery consists of several flat surfaces.
  • Lithium-ion power battery cell shells have higher airtightness requirements and higher strength, usually metal shells with a certain rigidity, such as stainless steel cell shells.
  • the cell shell of the lithium-ion power battery of the present invention can be either a metal shell, or made of polytetrafluoroethylene or polypropylene or other suitable plastics, and can be bonded or injection-molded. The safety performance is better than that of metal cells. shell.
  • the upper or side of the shell of the lithium-ion power battery is designed and processed with plug-in ports that are convenient for series and parallel connection, so that the batteries can be connected in series or in parallel to form a battery pack.
  • heat sinks (thermal bridges) 9-1 can be designed and processed on or inside the housing.
  • the cover of the lithium-ion power battery must match the battery case, and the airtightness is high.
  • the cover of the lithium-ion power battery can also be made of PTFE or polypropylene or any other strong acid-resistant plastic with a certain strength and injection molding.
  • the safety valve 3 of the lithium-ion power battery is very important. It is a safety device provided to prevent other accidents such as overcharge and short circuit. It can instantly remove the pressure exceeding the design.
  • the pressure relief hole at the bottom of the safety valve is also the injection ⁇ of the lithium ion power battery.
  • the pressure spring safety valve is shown in Figures 5-1, 5-2.
  • the compression spring (spring) 2 5 is installed in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt 2 3.
  • the inner hole of the adjustment bolt is actually a compression spring and a cage for sealing the steel ball 2 2.
  • the compression spring can be vertically moved up and down in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt.
  • the sliding steel ball can not swing laterally, and the sealing steel ball can also slide vertically in the inner hole of the adjusting bolt without swinging horizontally.
  • the outer diameter of the adjustment bolt is processed with a thread matching the safety valve body 21, so the adjustment bolt is installed on the safety valve body, and the height can be adjusted at will through the key hole 27, which also serves as an exhaust.
  • the rotation adjusting bolt applies pressure to the compression spring, the sealing steel ball is fixed by the compression spring.
  • the adjusting bolt is processed with a plurality of vertical exhaust grooves 2 4. The adjusting bolt can be rotated through the exhaust groove, and an exhaust hole 2 8 is opened at the lower part of the exhaust groove.
  • the fluorine rubber ring or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads must have some elasticity, so that when the steel ball is pressed against the fluorine rubber pad or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads, the fluorine rubber pads or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads deform
  • the injection hole can be sealed.
  • the compression spring with its bottom inner ring just buckles on the upper part of the sealed steel ball, and the lower part of the sealed steel ball is trapped on the fluoro rubber ⁇ 2 6 or other corrosion-resistant rubber pad on the battery cover plate, which restrains the sealed steel ball from slipping. open.
  • the sealed steel ball automatically closes the injection port due to the pressure of the compression spring to keep the inside of the battery isolated from the external environment.
  • the structure of the pressure relief valve is shown in Figure 6-1, 6-2.
  • the reverse bow spring 30 is installed on the lower part of the adjustment bolt 23, and the adjustment bolt is processed with a thread matching the safety valve body 21, so the adjustment bolt is installed on the safety valve body
  • the bottom and the bottom are tightly pressed on the anti-spring bow. You can adjust the tension of the anti-spring bow by turning the keyhole 8 to adjust the height of the bolt.
  • a rectangular exhaust groove 3 1 is machined in the safety valve body.
  • the anti-bend spring is installed in the rectangular groove and can not be rotated horizontally except that it can spring up and down.
  • the inner diameter of the lower part of the safety valve body is small, forming a cage, and the sealed steel ball 2 2 can slide vertically in the cage Shift.
  • the anti-bow shrapnel is processed with a process assembling hole 3 3, which is crimped on the upper part of the steel ball to fix and seal the steel ball.
  • the lower hole of the sealed steel ball is trapped on the fluoro rubber ⁇ or other corrosion-resistant rubber pad on the cover injection port, which not only fixes the sealed steel ball, but also seals the battery.
  • the fluorine rubber ring or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads must have some elasticity, so that when the steel ball is pressed against the fluorine rubber ring or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads, the fluorine rubber pads or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads deform
  • the injection hole can be sealed.
  • the compression spring is pressed against the upper part of the sealed steel ball with the inner inner part of the bottom part, and the lower part of the sealed steel ball is trapped on the fluorine rubber on the battery cover ⁇ 2 6 or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads to restrain the sealed steel ball from slipping. open.
  • the sealed steel ball automatically closes the injection port due to the pressure of the compression spring to keep the inside of the battery isolated from the external environment.
  • the pressure relief hole 2 9 on the fluorine rubber ⁇ 2 6 is the communication hole with the liquid injection hole on the cover plate 1 and also communicates with the pressure relief hole on the bottom of the safety valve, so it is not marked separately.
  • the fluororubber 26 may be replaced by any other suitable rubber.
  • the anti-bow shrapnel can be designed and processed into a flat shape or a half-moon shaped anti-bow shrapnel as shown in Figure 6-1.
  • the working principle of the flat anti-bow shrapnel is the same as that of the half-moon anti-bow shrapnel.
  • the sealed steel ball 2 2 can be designed and processed into a ball 2 2-1 with horizontal grooves, and the fluorine rubber ⁇ 2 6-1 is hung on the sealed steel ball. 2 2-1 in the horizontal slot.
  • the compression spring or reverse bow spring presses down the sealing steel ball 2 2-1
  • the fluorine rubber ⁇ 2 6-1 seals the injection hole.
  • a fixed small handle 3 5 can also be processed thereon, and a compression spring or an anti-bow spring is sleeved on the fixed small handle.
  • the compression spring or reverse bow spring presses the sealing steel ball 2 2-1 and the fluorine rubber ⁇ 2 6-1 tightly seals the injection hole.
  • the internal pressure is greater than the allowable value, when the sealed steel ball 2 2-1 is lifted up, the fluorine rubber ⁇ 2 6-1 is lifted upward at the same time, and the internal pressure is quickly removed.
  • the sealing steel ball 2 2 can also be designed and processed into a sealing frustum 2 2-2. Compared with steel balls 2 2 or 2 2-1, the lower part of the sealing frustum protrudes into the injection hole, so the reset is more reliable.
  • the sealing frustum can also be processed with a fixed small handle 3 6, and a compression spring or an inverted bow spring is sleeved on the fixed small handle. When the internal pressure is less than the allowable value, the compression spring or reverse bow spring presses the sealing frustum 2 2-2. The pressure of the fluoro rubber ⁇ 2 6 deforms in the sealing frustum and tightly seals the injection hole. When the internal pressure is greater than the allowable value, lift the sealing cone 2 2-2 and quickly remove the internal pressure.
  • the sealing frustum can also be designed and machined as 2 2-3, which has a horizontal horizontal groove, and the fluoro rubber ⁇ 2 6-1 is hooped in the horizontal horizontal groove on the sealing frustum 2 2-3.
  • the fluoro rubber ring 2 6-1 seals the injection hole.
  • the internal pressure is greater than the allowable value and the sealing cone 2 2-3 is lifted up, the fluorine rubber ⁇ 2 6-1 is lifted upward at the same time, and the internal pressure is quickly removed.
  • the sealing steel ball 2 2 or 2 2-1 or the sealing frustum 2 2-2, 2 2-3 can also be designed as a hollow sleeve, and the compression spring is inserted into a hollow sleeve with better guiding performance. in.
  • the safety valve and the pole should be installed on the same side surface of the lithium-ion battery case, but they can also be installed on different side surfaces as required.
  • safety valves and poles can be installed on any side surface of the lithium-ion power battery.
  • a large-capacity lithium-ion power battery may have several safety valves installed on the same side surface or on different side surfaces.
  • the medium for preparing the slurry includes NMP (N-fluorenyl-2-pyrrolidone) as the medium or water as the medium; the preparation methods include the wet method and the dry method.
  • NMP N-fluorenyl-2-pyrrolidone
  • the preparation methods include the wet method and the dry method.
  • the NM P medium is described first, and then the aqueous medium is described.
  • the wet method (wet method is also available) —: Sequential preparation method, mixed preparation method), and the dry method (positive electrode) will be described later. The following points are here:
  • NM P positive electrode.
  • the amount of N M P is restricted by the aforementioned substances, especially by the particle size and particle size distribution of lithium cobaltate, so it is about 30 ° / the total amount of all the aforementioned shields.
  • P V D F, graphite (or acetylene black), and carbon black all need to be baked in an oven at about 120 ° C for about 2 to 3 hours.
  • the preparation of the positive electrode must be slightly larger than the conductive agent.
  • N M P Use N M P as the medium.
  • P V D F needs to be at a temperature of about 120.
  • Sequential preparation method Add P V D F to NM P and stir for about 3 to 4 hours, and then add graphite that has been screened by a 300 mesh screen to agitate for about 3 to 4 hours to form a thick slurry.
  • Sequential preparation method Add CMC to water and stir for about 3 to 4 hours, then add SBR to it and stir for about 0.5 to 1 hour. Finally, add graphite after baking and sieve through 300 mesh. Stir for about 3-4 hours to become viscous. Pasty.
  • Dry preparation Dry preparation of the positive electrode with N M P as the medium. Materials required: Materials required: PVDF 2.5% to 3.5%, lithium cobaltate 93% to 95%, conductive agent graphite 1.5% to 2% (or acetylene black 0.8% to 1 .
  • NM P is restricted by the particle size and particle size distribution of the foregoing substances, especially lithium cobaltate, so it is about the total amount of all the foregoing substances.
  • PVDF, graphite (or acetylene black), and carbon black need to be baked in an oven at about 120 ° C for 2 to 3 hours.
  • the mixed powder after being stirred by the feeder is put into the clear slurry of the stirred PVDF and NM P and continued to be stirred for about 3 hours to form a thick slurry.
  • the active shield material used for the positive electrode of the lithium-ion power battery can also be lithium manganate, lithium nickelate, or lithium nickel cobaltate.
  • the preparation method is basically the same as that of the foregoing preparation method using lithium cobaltate.
  • the particle size of the lithium ion battery positive electrode material can be selected in the range of 2 ⁇ m to 12 ⁇ m, but it is the best
  • the particle size should be 5 ⁇ m ⁇ 8 ⁇ m; the particle size distribution of the cathode material must also be as narrow as possible. Taking 5 ⁇ m particle size as an example, it is too fine (less than 2 ⁇ ⁇ ) or too thick (1 2 ⁇ m or more) of powders usually do not exceed 40%.
  • the solid-liquid ratio of fine powders below 2 ⁇ m should be increased by 20% to 50% based on the original solid-liquid ratio, and the solid-liquid ratio of coarser powders above 12 ⁇ m should be based on the original solid-liquid ratio. Up by 10% ⁇ 30%.
  • the anode material graphite is screened by 300 mesh vibration, and the remaining ones on the Internet are usually not suitable for use.
  • the conductive agent involved in the present invention includes graphite, acetylene black, carbon black, and the like.
  • the above materials need to be treated at high temperature (300 ° C ⁇ 500 ° C).
  • the rest of the materials used for baking treatment can be placed in a vacuum box for vacuum treatment, no need to For high temperature processing.
  • the production process of lithium-ion power battery is as follows: batching- ⁇ coating- ⁇ tableting- ⁇ rolling- ⁇ winding and assembly into the inner body (including casing, sealing)- ⁇ injection- ⁇ chemical conversion- ⁇ volumetric .
  • Coating also known as pull pulp.
  • the stirred positive electrode (or negative electrode) slurry is hook-coated on the metal foil current collector, pulled out by a roller knife into the oven and dried. After baking, it will become semi-finished current collector after baking. Care must be taken during coating to avoid scratches, exposed substrates, lightness and weight in the vertical and horizontal directions.
  • the temperature control is very important: the temperature of the preheating section should not be too high, usually the temperature is selected at 90 ° C or below, and the temperature of the intermediate temperature section is between 1 10 ° C ⁇ 1 3 0 ° Between C, ⁇ 10. C.
  • the temperature of the high-temperature section is between 120 ° C and 140 ° C, ⁇ 10.
  • the temperature of the negative electrode slurry can be slightly higher than the temperature of the positive electrode slurry by about 10 to 15 ° C during coating and baking, and the temperature of the slurry using water as a medium can be higher than that of NMP.
  • the temperature of the slurry is slightly higher than about 10 ⁇ 15 ° C.
  • both the positive electrode and the negative electrode must enter the drying tunnel of the coating machine (also known as the puller) from the preheating section. Upside down. If the slurry (especially the negative electrode slurry) first enters the high-temperature section of the coater and bakes suddenly at high temperature, the surface is dried quickly, and it is easy to form a dry shell, which is slightly wrinkled, which will form cracked fine lines. The slurry under the dry shell is sugar-smeared and forms a liquid film invisible to the naked eye between the metal foil.
  • the coating machine also known as the puller
  • the slurry is actually virtually attached to the surface of the metal foil, so it is easy to remove powder and even flakes ( (Ie, large pieces of active material fall off the metal foil), which seriously affects the electrical performance of lithium-ion power batteries.
  • Most of the current coating processes are single-sided coating, and then the other side is coated; however, double-sided coating can also be applied simultaneously.
  • the positive and negative electrode sheets to which the present invention is applied may be coated with active materials on both sides of the metal foil, or may be coated with active materials only on one side of the metal foil. In this case, the thickness of the metal foil used for single-sided coating must be thinner than the thickness of the aforementioned metal foil, which is about 1/2 to 1/3 of the thickness of the aforementioned metal foil.
  • Line speed control in the coating process is also important. Under the above temperature conditions, the linear speed can be adjusted within the range of 80 Omm to 5000mm per minute. The best linear speed is 1200mm ⁇ 3500mm per minute.
  • high-pressure spraying can also be used. Under a certain pressure of the dry protective gas, the slurry is sprayed evenly on the metal foil from the high-speed nozzle, which not only has better adhesion, but also significantly increases the production capacity.
  • Cutting pole pieces can be completed by shears, slitters or other equipment
  • the thickness of the positive electrode before rolling is about 170 ⁇ m to 27 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the positive electrode after rolling is about 110 ⁇ m to 16.5 ⁇ m; the thickness of the negative electrode before rolling Approx. 1 8 5 ⁇ m to 2 7 5 ⁇ m, after rolling, 1 10 ⁇ m to 16 5 ⁇ m.
  • the optimal thickness of the positive electrode before rolling is 195 ⁇ m ⁇ 2 3 5 ⁇ m
  • the optimal thickness after rolling is 1 3 5 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1 5 5 ⁇ ⁇
  • the optimal thickness of the negative pole before rolling The thickness is 220 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m
  • the optimal thickness after rolling is 135 ⁇ m to 155 ⁇ m.
  • the positive electrode sheet should first be put into the bag-shaped separator 19, and then the positive electrode tabs must be arranged neatly in parallel to one end of the inner body 7 and clamped by the current collector plywood.
  • the negative electrode tabs are arranged neatly in parallel with the inner body. The other end is also clamped with a current collector splint.
  • the positive electrode sheet 1 and the negative electrode sheet 12 should be stacked and spaced apart, that is, fold one negative electrode sheet inward, then stack one positive electrode sheet, and then fold one negative electrode sheet inward, and so on.
  • both sides of the outermost layer of the inner body are usually negative plates.
  • both sides of the outermost layer of the inner body may also be positive electrode sheets.
  • the side coated with the active material should be adhered to the separator 19 by itself, and then folded into the inner body 7.
  • the positive electrode post 4 is connected to the positive electrode sheet 1 3, and the negative electrode post 2 is connected to the negative electrode sheet 12.
  • the assembled inner body must be tightly wrapped with a diaphragm or clamped with a polyethylene or polypropylene frame.
  • the bolts In order to prevent the bolts connecting the pole ears and poles from loosening, the bolts need to be fixed with curing glue.
  • Inject fluid Before injection, the normal air in the inner cavity of the lithium ion power battery must be drawn out. Except for the moisture in the inner cavity, the inner cavity of the battery must be in a negative pressure state, and then an appropriate amount of electrolyte is injected from the safety valve port.
  • the injection volume of a lithium-ion power battery must be calculated based on its capacity. If the injection volume is too large, it will easily leak and cause the drum shell. If the injection volume is too small, it will easily cause the deterioration of the positive and negative electrode active materials.
  • the injection volume of lithium ion power battery is usually adjusted within the range of 0.1 5 Ah / g ⁇ 0.6 Ah / g; the optimal injection volume is 0.2 Ah / g ⁇ 0.3 5 Ah / g between.
  • the environmental control of the injection is very important, so the injection must be completed in the operation box or other environment that can meet the requirements. Because the pressure relief hole of the safety valve communicates with the liquid injection hole on the cover plate, the injection liquid is usually injected from the pressure relief hole of the safety valve; the liquid injection hole can also be processed on the housing or the cover plate separately.
  • the internal cavity of the lithium-ion power battery must be intentionally filled with solid substances or electrolyte.
  • the cavity is about one to ten percent (1% to 10%) of the total volume of the internal cavity, and the cavity can be protected by gas filling.
  • Formation is the last key to battery production.
  • the formation principle of high-power lithium-ion batteries must be low current and low voltage. High current must never be formed. Higher voltage formation can fully activate the active materials on the positive and negative current collector substrates.
  • the formation process must be completed uninterrupted at one time, and cannot be stopped or stopped at will.
  • the formation curve should be smoothly connected, and the current should be controlled at 0. 0 1 (/ 1 0 hours- ⁇ 0. 2 C / 5 hours — ⁇ 0. 0 5 C / 5 hours — ⁇ 0. 1 C / 4 hours- ⁇ 0.2 C / 1 hour, after the constant current is full, it will be switched to constant pressure to continue charging, so as to ensure sufficient one time.
  • the lithium ion power battery manufactured by this method can not only meet the requirements of high-power charge and discharge, but also avoid the problem of heat accumulation inside the power battery.

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Abstract

A rechargeable lithium-ion power battery, each mono-cell is consisted of a cover plate, a negative pole, a safety valve, a positive pole, an electrolyte solution and a case. The positive pole is connected with the positive electrode, and the negative pole is connected with the negative electrode. Positive electrode substrate is selected from an aluminum foil with certain thickness, which is coated with positive active material on both sides. Negative electrode substrate is selected from copper foil with certain} thickness, which is coated with negative active material on both sides. It is characterized in that an inner body of the battery is an electrode assembly which has multi-layer laminated structure which is composed of a long and foldable negative sheet, some positive electrode sheets and separator, and in this electrode assembly, the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheet are separately positioned in sequence. Either the positive electrode sheets or the negative electrode sheet i, -; shaped into rectangle sheet with big-leaf single tab or big-leaf multiple tabs, current flows to the poles by means of current-collecting clamp. The positive electrode has one or more electrode poles; the negative electrode has one or more electrode poles.

Description

可反复充放电的锂离子动力电池及其制造方法 技术领域  Lithium-ion power battery capable of being repeatedly charged and discharged and manufacturing method thereof
本发明涉及一种可以反复充放电的环保电池， 更具体而 言， 本发明涉及一种可以反复充放电的锂离子动力电池及其制 造方法。  The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, and more particularly, the present invention relates to a lithium ion power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged and a method for manufacturing the same.
背景技术  Background technique
由于环保以及节能的要求， 当今世界对能源的需求越来越 迫切， 因此寻求高效率、 而又洁净的动力源， 是社会发展和科 技进步的必然趋势。  Due to the requirements of environmental protection and energy saving, the world's demand for energy is more and more urgent. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend for social development and technological progress to seek for efficient and clean power sources.
已经有很多研究涉足动力电池领域。 当前常见的动力电池 有铅酸电池、 镍镉电池、 镍氢电池、 钠硫电池等。 但由于其能 量密度低， 充电时间长， 而且不能满足大功率充放电的需求。 直接影响这些动力电池的实用性。 近些年来， 锌空气电池、 锂 离子电池、 质子交换膜燃料电池等均被认为是作为动力电池发 展的最佳动力电池。 但由于无法满足大功率充放电的要求， 因 此其实用性问题严重阻碍了动力电池的实际应用。  There have been many studies in the field of power batteries. Currently common power batteries include lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and sodium-sulfur batteries. But because of its low energy density, it takes a long time to charge, and it cannot meet the needs of high-power charge and discharge. It directly affects the practicality of these power batteries. In recent years, zinc-air batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and proton exchange membrane fuel cells have been considered as the best power batteries for power battery development. However, because it cannot meet the requirements of high-power charging and discharging, its practical problems have seriously hindered the practical application of power batteries.
中国专利申请 00101 356 · 4 公开了 "一种可反复充放电的 铬氟锂固体动力电池" 。 虽然名义上是可反复充放电的铬氟锂 固体动力电池， 但实际上其结构和组分均未充分公开， 因此基 本不具有实用性和应用价值， 而且也未从根本上解决大功率充 放电的问题。 锂离子动力电池的最大问题是充放电过程中产生 的热量， 而这种在充放电过程中产生的热量对锂离子动力电池 是有很大的不良影响的。  Chinese patent application 00101 356 · 4 discloses "a kind of chrome-lithium lithium solid power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged". Although it is nominally a chrome-fluoride lithium solid power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, its structure and composition are not fully disclosed in practice, so it has little practicality and application value, and it has not fundamentally solved high-power charging and discharging. The problem. The biggest problem of lithium-ion power batteries is the heat generated during the charging and discharging process, and the heat generated during the charging and discharging process has a great adverse effect on the lithium-ion power batteries.
因此， 本发明的目的是提供一种能够反复充放电的锂离子 动力电池， 它可以解决锂离子动力电池大功率充放电的问题。  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a lithium ion power battery capable of being repeatedly charged and discharged, which can solve the problem of high power charging and discharging of the lithium ion power battery.
发明内容  Summary of the Invention
本发明属于一种可以反复充放电的环保电池， 目 的是希望 以有设计独特的集电 （集流） 端子即大叶极耳的正负极片与隔 膜同时卷绕在一起而构成的内本体、 对内压更加敏感、 因而更 可靠、 更安全的安全阀、 集流性能、 散热性能更好的集电夹板 解决锂离子动力电池的大功率反复充放电要求， 从而实现锂离 子动力电池的广泛应用。 本发明提供了一种可反复充放电的锂离子动力电池， 每个 单体电池由盖板、 负极极柱、 安全阀、 正极极柱、 集电夹板、 内本体、 电解液、 圆柱形或方形 （ 包括长方形 ） 外壳組成， 其 特征在于： 内本体系由正负极片组即正极片、 负极片与隔膜共 同构成具有盘状结构的电极集合体； 正极极柱与正极相连接， 负极极柱则与负极相连接； 正极选用一定厚度的铝箔， 两面均 匀涂布正极活性物质， 负极选用一定厚度的铜箔， 两面均匀涂 布负极活性物质； 正极或负极的极片形式均为带有大叶单极耳 或间距不等的大叶多极耳的形状狭长的矩形片 （又称为展成 片 ） ， 大叶单极耳、 大叶多极耳又统称为大叶极耳。 大叶极耳 既可以为扬头式也可以为藏头式， 并通过集电夹板导出电流至 极柱； 正极有一个或若干个极柱， 负极有一个或若干个极柱， 正负极柱的数量可以相等也可以不等， 极柱的直径可以相等也 可以不等。 The invention belongs to an environmentally-friendly battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged. The object is to hope that an inner body formed by winding a positive electrode and a negative electrode with a large leaf tab and a separator at the same time with a uniquely designed terminal. The current collector, which is more sensitive to internal pressure, and therefore more reliable and safer, has better current collection and heat dissipation performance, solves the high-power repeated charge and discharge requirements of lithium-ion power batteries, thereby achieving a wide range of lithium-ion power batteries. application. The present invention provides a lithium-ion power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged. Each single battery consists of a cover plate, a negative pole, a safety valve, a positive pole, a current collector plywood, an inner body, an electrolyte, a cylindrical shape or a square shape. (Including rectangle) The shell is composed of the following features: The positive and negative electrode groups, that is, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator together form an electrode assembly with a disc structure; the positive electrode post is connected to the positive electrode, and the negative electrode post It is connected to the negative electrode. The positive electrode is made of aluminum foil of a certain thickness, and the positive electrode active material is evenly coated on both sides. The negative electrode is made of copper foil of a certain thickness, and the negative electrode active material is evenly coated on both sides. Unipolar ears or large-leaf polypoles with varying intervals are shaped as narrow rectangular pieces (also referred to as expanded pieces). Large-leaf monopoles and large-leaf multipoles are collectively referred to as large-leaf poles. Large-leaf poles can be either raised or hidden, and the current is exported to the pole through the current collector splint; the positive pole has one or several pole poles, the negative pole has one or several pole poles, The number can be equal or different, and the diameters of the poles can be equal or different.
本发明采用 了可以減低电流密度的大叶极耳的结构， 它 (们 ） 能够最大限度地避免产生于锂离子动力电池而言非常有 害的热量。  The present invention adopts a structure with large leaf poles that can reduce the current density, which can avoid the extremely harmful heat generated in the lithium ion power battery to the greatest extent.
本发明还提供了一种用于可反复充放电的锂离子动力电池 的安全阀， 其中的压簧装于调节螺栓的内孔中， 调节螺栓的内 孔用于保持压簧、 密封钢球的稳定， 压簧可在调节螺栓的内孔 中纵向上下滑移， 密封钢球可在调节螺栓的内孔中纵向上下滑 移， 调节螺栓的外径上加工有与安全阀本体相配的螺紋； 调节 螺栓加工有若干竖向的排气槽， 在排气槽的下部则开有排气 孔； 压簧压在钢球的上部， 密封钢球的下部孔则陷压在盖板注 液口上的氟橡胶圏上； 安全阀底部的卸压孔与盖板上的注液孔 相通。  The invention also provides a safety valve for a lithium ion power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged. The compression spring is installed in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt, and the inner hole of the adjustment bolt is used to hold the compression spring and seal the steel ball. Stable, the compression spring can slide down vertically in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt, the sealing steel ball can slide down vertically in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt, and the outer diameter of the adjustment bolt is machined with a thread that matches the safety valve body; adjustment Bolts are processed with several vertical exhaust grooves, and exhaust holes are opened in the lower part of the exhaust groove; the compression spring is pressed on the upper part of the steel ball, and the lower hole of the sealed steel ball is trapped in the fluorine on the cover injection port. On the rubber 圏; the pressure relief hole at the bottom of the safety valve communicates with the injection hole on the cover.
本发明还提供了一种可反复充放电的锂离子动力电池的配 比及其制造方法， 包括以下步驟： 配料 - →涂布 （拉浆） - → 切片 （如果直接裁切极耳， 则无焊接极耳工序） - →滚压 - → 制作 （焊接） 极耳 - →卷绕 （ 包括装壳、 封口 ） - →注液 - → 化成 - →分容。  The present invention also provides a lithium-ion power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged and a manufacturing method thereof, including the following steps: batching-→ coating (pulling)-→ slicing (if the tabs are directly cut, there is no Welding lugs)-→ rolling-→ making (welding) lugs-→ winding (including casing and sealing)-→ filling-→ chemical conversion-→ volumetric.
本发明具有设计独特的集电 （集流） 端子即大叶极耳的正 负极片与隔膜同时卷绕在一起而构成的内本体、 对内压更加敏 感、 因而更可靠、 更安全的安全阀、 集流性能、 散热性能更好 的集电夹板解决锂离子动力电池的大功率反复充放电要求， 从 而实现锂离子动力电池的广泛应用。 The invention has a uniquely designed current collecting (current collecting) terminal, that is, an inner body formed by winding positive and negative electrodes of a large leaf tab and a diaphragm at the same time, which is more sensitive to internal pressure The current collecting plywood, which has a more reliable, safer, safer safety valve, better current collection performance, and better heat dissipation performance, solves the high-power repeated charge and discharge requirements of lithium-ion power batteries, thereby achieving the wide application of lithium-ion power batteries.
附图说明  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
下面结合附图， 对本发明进行具体描述。 在附图中， 相同 的附图标记表示相同的部件， 其中：  The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same components, wherein:
图 1-1为折叠式锂离子动力电池的剖视图；  Figure 1-1 is a sectional view of a folding lithium-ion power battery;
图 1-2表示折叠式锂离子动力电池的俯视图；  Figure 1-2 shows a top view of a folding lithium-ion power battery;
图 1-AA为以上述方式折叠的内本体的示意图；  1-AA is a schematic diagram of the inner body folded in the above manner;
图 1-AB正极片、 负极片以及隔膜的爹放方式的放大图； 图 1 A、 1 A-1、 1B、 1B-1、 1C、 l C-1 为大叶极耳在极片上 的各种示意图；  Figure 1-AB An enlarged view of the positive electrode, negative electrode, and separator placement methods; Figure 1 A, 1 A-1, 1B, 1B-1, 1C, and l C-1 Kind of schematic
图 2为图 1- AA中虚线部分的放大图；  FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a dotted line in FIG. 1-AA;
图 3所示则为本发明的锂离子动力电池剖视图；  3 is a cross-sectional view of a lithium ion power battery according to the present invention;
图 4为本发明的锂离子动力电池中的极片的叠放方式； 图 5和图 6分别表示压簧式和压片式安全阀的结构。  Fig. 4 is a stacking method of the pole pieces in the lithium ion power battery of the present invention; Figs. 5 and 6 respectively show the structures of the pressure spring type and the plate type safety valve.
具体实施方式  detailed description
从外观而言， 锂离子动力电池的基本构成如图 1-1 所示， 每个单体电池系由盖板 1 、 负极极柱 2 、 安全阀 3 、 正极极柱 4和敞口外壳 9组成； 而在锂离子动力电池的内腔中， 则有集 电夹板 （亦称极片夹板） 6 、 电解液 8 、 负极片 1 2 、 正极片 1 3 以及隔膜 1 9 (或 1 9 - 1 ) 。 外壳 9 、 盖板 1上的负极 柱 2 、 安全阀 3 、 正极柱 4构成锂离子动力电池的外本体； 多 对正负极片组， 隔膜、 集电夹板构成锂离子动力电池的内本体 7 。 现将折叠式锂离子动力电池的结构、 制作工艺 （方法） 分 述如下：  From the perspective of appearance, the basic structure of a lithium-ion power battery is shown in Figure 1-1. Each unit battery is composed of a cover plate 1, a negative pole 2, a safety valve 3, a positive pole 4, and an open casing 9. ; In the inner cavity of a lithium-ion power battery, there are a current collector plywood (also referred to as a pole piece plywood) 6, an electrolytic solution 8, a negative electrode piece 12, a positive electrode piece 1 3, and a separator 1 9 (or 1 9-1). . The outer casing 9, the negative pole 2 on the cover plate 1, the safety valve 3, and the positive pole 4 constitute the outer body of the lithium-ion power battery; a plurality of pairs of positive and negative electrode groups, a diaphragm, and a current collecting ply constitute the inner body 7 of the lithium-ion power battery . The structure and manufacturing process (method) of the folding lithium-ion power battery are described as follows:
折叠式锂离子动力电池的结构  Structure of a folding lithium-ion power battery
如图 1-1、 1-AA所示， 锂离子动力电池的折叠式内本体 7 系由一条较为狭长且折叠的负极片与若干块正极片与隔膜或正 负极均为狭长且可折叠的展成片与隔膜共同构成具有多重积层 结构、 正、 负极片顺序间隔置放整齐的电极集合体。 如图 2、 1-AB 所示， 负极 1 2为一可相对往复折叠、 形状狭长的展成 片 ， 正极 1 3 则为单块片 （又称块片 ） ， 被负极 1 2层叠夹 住。 正极 13 也可以为可相对往复折叠、 形状狭长的展成片， 则负极 12为块片。 As shown in Figures 1-1 and 1-AA, the folding inner body 7 of a lithium-ion power battery consists of a relatively narrow and folded negative electrode sheet, several positive electrode sheets, and a separator or positive and negative electrodes that are both narrow and foldable. The developed sheet and the separator together form an electrode assembly having a multi-layered structure, and the positive and negative electrode sheets are arranged at regular intervals. As shown in Figures 2 and 1-AB, the negative electrode 12 is a folded sheet that can be folded back and forth relatively, and the positive electrode 1 3 is a single piece (also called a piece), which is laminated by the negative electrode 12 Live. The positive electrode 13 may also be a folded sheet that can be folded back and forth relatively in a relatively narrow shape, and the negative electrode 12 is a block.
正极 1 3 系由铝箔、 正极活性物质组成， 铝箔为薄片的金 属箔， 两面均勾涂布了正极活性物质 （可以是钴酸锂， 也可以 是锰酸锂、 镍酸锂或镍钴酸锂） 。 铝箔的表面通常比较光滑， 但表面较为粗糙的铝箔对涂布活性物质而言， 附着力更好。 较 为适宜的铝箔厚度范围为 1 0 μ ιη~ 8 0 μ m, 当正极极片的面 积小于或等于 1 0 0 O mmx 5 0 0 mm 而又大于或等于 1 0 0 mmx 5 0 mm, 充放电要求 1 C ~ 2 C时， 排除其他影响因素 , 选用铝箔的最佳厚度为 1 5 μ ιη~ 2 5 μ ιη; 充放电要求 2 C ~ 3 C或更大时， 排除其他影响因素， 选用铝箔的最佳厚度为 2 0 μ m ~ 4 5 μ ιη或以上。  The positive electrode 1 3 is composed of an aluminum foil and a positive electrode active material. The aluminum foil is a thin metal foil, and both sides are coated with a positive electrode active material (can be lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium nickelate, or lithium nickel cobaltate). ). The surface of the aluminum foil is usually smooth, but the aluminum foil with a rougher surface has better adhesion for coating active materials. A suitable aluminum foil thickness ranges from 10 μm to 8 0 μm. When the area of the positive electrode piece is less than or equal to 100 mm x 500 mm and greater than or equal to 100 mm x 50 mm, charge and discharge When 1 C ~ 2 C is required, exclude other influencing factors, and the optimal thickness of aluminum foil is 15 μm ~ 2 5 μm; when charging and discharging requirements are 2 C ~ 3 C or greater, other factors are excluded, and aluminum foil is used. The optimal thickness is 20 μm ~ 4 5 μm or more.
负极 1 2 系由铜箔、 负极活性物质組成， 铜箔为薄片的金 属箔， 两面均匀涂布了负极活性物质 （既可以是天然石墨、 也 可以是鱗片石墨、 人造石墨或石油焦炭） 的集电体。 铜箔的表 面通常比较光滑， 但表面较为粗糙的铜箔对涂布活性物质而 言， 附着力更好。 较为适宜的铜箔厚度为 6 μ πι~ 5 0 μ πι, 当 负极极片的面积小于或等于 1 0 0 O mmx 5 0 0 mm 而又大于 或等于 1 0 O mmx 5 0 mm, 充放电要求 1 C ~ 2 C时， 排除其 他影响因素， 选用铜箔的最佳厚度为 8 μ m~ 2 0 μ m; 充放电 要求 2 C - 3 C或更大时， 排除其他影响因素， 选用铜箔的最 佳厚度为 1 5 μ m ~ 3 5 μ ηι或以上。  The negative electrode 1 2 is composed of a copper foil and a negative electrode active material. The copper foil is a thin metal foil, and the negative electrode active material (either natural graphite, flake graphite, artificial graphite, or petroleum coke) is uniformly coated on both sides. Electric body. The surface of the copper foil is usually smooth, but the copper foil with a rougher surface has better adhesion for coating active materials. The suitable thickness of copper foil is 6 μ π to 50 μ π, when the area of the negative electrode piece is less than or equal to 100 mm x 50 mm and greater than or equal to 100 mm x 50 mm, charge and discharge requirements When 1 C ~ 2 C, exclude other influencing factors, the optimal thickness of copper foil is 8 μ m ~ 20 μ m; when charging and discharging requirements are 2 C-3 C or greater, other factors are excluded, and copper foil is used. The optimal thickness is 15 μm ~ 3 5 μ ηι or more.
无论正极铝箔抑或负极铜箔， 厚度都不宜太厚。 金属箔 (铝箔 /铜箔） 的厚度既与集流体的面积相关， 更与每一单片 极片的电容量相关， 较大电容量的金属箔厚度比较小电容量的 金属箔的厚度应当稍厚。 在条件许可的情况下金属箔应当尽可 能薄， 以期在涂布同量的活性物质时获得更大的极片面积， 从 而获得更好的电性能。  Neither the positive aluminum foil nor the negative copper foil should be too thick. The thickness of the metal foil (aluminum foil / copper foil) is not only related to the area of the current collector, but also to the capacitance of each single pole piece. The thickness of the metal foil with a larger capacitance should be slightly larger than that of the metal foil with a small capacitance. thick. Where possible, the metal foil should be as thin as possible in order to obtain a larger electrode sheet area when applying the same amount of active material, thereby obtaining better electrical properties.
为了减小金属箔的重量和体积， 也为了增加金属箔的柔韧 性， 以便于将锂离子动力电池制造成能够适应各种不同形态需 要的形状， 无论正极抑或负极所用的金属箔， 还可另行选用丝 网状或平板网状的金属箔。 所谓平板网状的金属箔， 即在薄的 铝箔或铜箔上以机械方法或化学方法或其他方法打出若干细密 的小孔， 经纵横方向上拉伸而成。 既往的锂离子电池的活性物质 （不包括导电剂、 粘结剂、 分散剂 ） 在配料总量中约占 9 0 %， 其余约 1 0 %为导电剂、 粘结剂、 分散剂。 本发明涉及的锂离子动力电池的活性物质的 量无论正极抑或负极均有较大增加， 约为 9 3 % ~ 9 5 %甚至 更高。 正极活性物质的密度每平方厘米为 0 · 0 2 g ~ 0. 0 6 g， 当正极极片的面积小于或等于 1 0 0 O mmx 5 0 0 mm 而又 大于或等于 1 0 0 mmx 5 0 m 时， 正极活性物质的最佳密度每 平方厘米为 0. 0 3 2 g~ 0. 0 4 2 g; 负极活性物质的密度每 平方厘米约为 0. 0 l g~ 0. 0 3 g, 当负极极片的面积小于或 等于 1 0 0 O mmx 5 0 0 mm 而又大于或等于 1 0 O mmx 5 0 mm 时， 负极活性物质的最佳密度每平方厘米为 0. 0 1 4 g ~ 0.In order to reduce the weight and volume of the metal foil, as well as to increase the flexibility of the metal foil, in order to manufacture the lithium-ion power battery into a shape that can meet the needs of various forms, whether the metal foil used for the positive electrode or the negative electrode can also be separately Use wire mesh or flat mesh metal foil. The so-called flat mesh metal foil is formed by punching a number of fine small holes mechanically or chemically or other methods on a thin aluminum or copper foil, and stretching it in the longitudinal and horizontal directions. Active materials (excluding conductive agents, binders, and dispersants) of previous lithium-ion batteries accounted for about 90% of the total ingredients, and the remaining about 10% were conductive agents, binders, and dispersants. The amount of active material of the lithium ion power battery involved in the present invention is greatly increased, whether it is the positive electrode or the negative electrode, which is about 93% to 95% or even higher. The density of the positive electrode active material is 0 · 0 2 g ~ 0.06 g per square centimeter. When the area of the positive electrode piece is less than or equal to 1 0 0 O mmx 5 0 0 mm and greater than or equal to 1 0 0 mm x 5 0 0 m 2, the optimal density of the positive electrode active material per square centimeter is 0. 0 2 2 g ~ 0. 0 4 2 g; the density of the negative electrode active material per square centimeter is about 0. 0 lg ~ 0. 0 3 g, when When the area of the negative electrode piece is less than or equal to 100 mm x 500 mm and greater than or equal to 100 mm x 50 mm, the optimal density of the negative electrode active material per square centimeter is 0. 0 1 4 g ~ 0 .
0 2 1 g。 0 2 1 g.
锂离子动力电池的主要特性应适合动力用途， 就必须适应 大功率充放电要求。 本发明采用面积较大的集电 （集流） 端子 即大叶极耳， 大叶极耳更利于导流、 散热， 完全可以适应大功 率充放电要求。 为了名称的一致性及尽可能体现本发明中集电 (集流） 端子的特征形象， 故将集电 （集流） 端子称为大叶极 耳， 如图 1A - 1 、 图 IB - 1所示， 可见正极 1 3上有一个 大叶极耳 1 1 , 称为大叶单极耳、 图 1A、 图 1B所示， 负极 The main characteristics of lithium-ion power batteries should be suitable for power applications, and they must meet the requirements of high-power charge and discharge. The present invention adopts a large-area current collecting (collecting) terminal, that is, a large leaf tab, which is more conducive to current conduction and heat dissipation, and can fully meet the requirements of high power charging and discharging. For the consistency of the names and as much as possible the characteristic image of the current collecting (collecting) terminal in the present invention, the current collecting (collecting) terminal is called a large leaf tab, as shown in Figures 1A-1 and IB-1. It can be seen that there is a large leaf ear 1 1 on the positive electrode 13, which is called a large leaf monopole ear. As shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the negative electrode
1 2上则有多个大叶极耳 1 0 ， 称为大叶多极耳。 There are multiple large lobe poles 1 0 on 12, which are called large lobe poles.
大叶极耳在条件许可的情况下应当尽可能采用较大的截面 积， 也就是说， 极耳应当尽可能宽， 尽可能厚， 集电 （集流） 路径应当尽可能缩短， 有利于电流的导出和散热。 较小容量的 锂离子动力电池， 正极上通常只有一个大叶极耳； 较大容量的 锂离子动力电池的正极上则有若干个大叶极耳。 负极上可以有 若干个大叶极耳， 也可以只有一个大叶极耳。 相较于大叶单极 耳而言， 大叶多极耳比大叶单极耳能够更好地导流、 散热。  Large leaf tabs should use a larger cross-sectional area as far as possible, that is, the tabs should be as wide and thick as possible, and the current collecting (collecting) path should be as short as possible, which is beneficial to the current. Export and cooling. Small-capacity lithium-ion power batteries usually have only one large leaf tab on the positive electrode; large-capacity lithium-ion power batteries have several large leaf tabs on the positive electrode. There can be several large leaf tabs on the negative electrode, or there can be only one large leaf tab. Compared with large-leaf monopolar ears, large-leaf multipolar ears can better conduct and dissipate heat than large-leaf monopolar ears.
如图 1A、 图 1B所示， 负极片 1 2上有若干相反折向的折 叠线 2 0 / 2 0 一 1 , 折叠线有一定的宽度， 装配时须将负极 1 2 沿折叠线的中心线相对折叠起来夹住正极 1 3成为内本体 7 。 负极 1 2 因其可以连续相对折叠的特性在本发明中称为展 成片或折叠片， 正极 1 3则称为块片。 图 1A、 图 1B、 图 1 C为负极 1 2 的展成片 （亦可称为展开片 ） ， 可见各有若干条 折叠线 2 0 / 2 0 - 1 。 折叠线 2 0向内折叠， 折叠线 2 0 - 1则向外折叠。 为了防止脱粉或折断， 向内的折叠线 2 0须刮 去相应的涂布于集流体上的活性物质， 向外的折叠线 2 0 - 1 则无须刮去活性物质 （折叠线 2 0 - 1 的背面即为刮去活性物 质的折叠线 2 0 ) 。 负极 1 2 的折叠线 2 0与折叠线 2 0 - 1 之间的面积， 稍大于正极 1 3 的面积， 并与相对应的正极组成 为正负极片组。 负极 1 2上的大叶极耳为相邻极耳， 折叠后相 邻极耳可以重合； 相邻的大叶极耳亦可以连结为一体 （连体极 耳） 。 通常情况下， 正极片 1 3 为单块片时， 其上则没有折叠 线。 但在有需要的情况下， 正极 1 3也可以加工为连体块片。 如果正极为连体块片， 其间亦须加工有向内的折叠线 2 0 , 刮 去相应的活性物质即可。 连体块片的正极 1 3 的大叶极耳为相 邻极耳， 亦可以为连体极耳。 As shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the negative electrode sheet 12 has a plurality of folding lines 2 0/2 0-1 in opposite directions, and the folding line has a certain width. During assembly, the negative electrode 1 2 must be along the center line of the folding line. It is folded up to sandwich the positive electrode 13 and becomes the inner body 7. The negative electrode 1 2 is referred to as a rolled sheet or folded sheet in the present invention because of its characteristic of continuous relative folding, and the positive electrode 13 is referred to as a block sheet. Fig. 1A, Fig. 1B, and Fig. 1C are the expanded sheets (also referred to as expanded sheets) of the negative electrode 12, and it can be seen that there are several Fold the line 2 0/2 0-1. Folding line 20 folds inward, and folding line 20-1 folds outward. In order to prevent powdering or breaking, the inward fold line 20 must be scraped off the corresponding active material coated on the current collector, and the outward fold line 2 0-1 need not be scraped off the active material (fold line 2 0- The back of 1 is the fold line 2 0) where the active material is scraped off. The area between the fold line 20 of the negative electrode 1 2 and the fold line 20-1 is slightly larger than the area of the positive electrode 1 3, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode sheet group are composed of the corresponding positive electrode. The large leaf tabs on the negative electrode 12 are adjacent tabs, and the folded adjacent tabs can overlap; the adjacent large leaf tabs can also be connected as a whole (joint tabs). Generally, when the positive electrode sheet 1 is a single sheet, there is no folding line thereon. However, if necessary, the positive electrode 13 can also be processed into one-piece pieces. If the positive electrode is a conjoined piece, an inward folding line 20 must also be processed during the process, and the corresponding active material can be scraped off. The large leaf tabs of the positive electrode 1 3 of the conjoined piece are adjacent tabs, or they can be conjoined tabs.
正负极片上的大叶极耳如果从同一方向或同一侧端例如向 上引 出， 如图 1 A、 图 1 A - 1 、 图 1 B、 图 1 B - 1所示， 大 叶单极耳的宽度不得大于极耳所处的那条边的边长的一半 （ 1 / 2 ) 。  If the large leaf poles on the positive and negative electrodes are led out from the same direction or the same side, for example, as shown in Figure 1A, Figure 1 A-1, Figure 1B, and Figure 1B-1, The width must not be more than half (1/2) of the length of the side on which the tab is located.
可以利用折叠线 2 0使其成为大叶极耳， 具体方法是加大 折叠线 2 0的宽度并刮去其正反两面的活性物质而使其成为大 叶极耳。 通常情况下， 只需加宽折叠线 2 0或折叠线 2 0 - 1 其中的一条折叠线的宽度并刮去其正反两面的活性物质即可， 这样， 正极的极耳可以从另一侧端引出。 如果锂离子动力电池 的功率特别大， 必须加宽折叠线 2 0及折叠线 2 0 - 1 的宽度 并刮去其正反两面的活性物质 , 则正极的大叶极耳可以从另外 的侧端引出。 正负极的大叶极耳可以各自从极片的不同方向的 侧端引 出。 从极片不同方向的侧端引 出的大叶极耳的最大宽度 可以与大叶极耳所在的那条边等长， 更加有利于锂离子动力电 池的导流、 散热。  The fold line 20 can be used to make it a large leaf tab. The specific method is to increase the width of the fold line 20 and scrape off the active materials on both sides to make it a large leaf tab. Normally, it is only necessary to widen the width of one of the folding lines 20 or 20-1 and scrape off the active material on both the front and back sides. In this way, the tab of the positive electrode can be from the other side Side lead. If the power of the lithium-ion power battery is particularly large, the width of the fold line 20 and the fold line 20-1 must be widened and the active material on both sides of the fold line must be scraped, and the large leaf tab of the positive electrode can be removed from the other side. Lead out. The large leaf tabs of the positive and negative poles can each be led out from the lateral ends of the pole pieces in different directions. The maximum width of the large leaf tabs from the side ends in different directions of the pole piece can be the same length as the side where the large leaf tabs are located, which is more conducive to the conduction and heat dissipation of the lithium ion power battery.
从加工的难易程度以及质量控制的角度而言， 折叠式锂离 子动力电池的正负极片较为适宜只在单面涂布活性物质。 如图 一 A B所示， 单面涂布的正负极片均为狭长的矩形片 （展成 片 ） ， 各以涂布了活性物质的面紧贴在一起 （ 中间衬以隔膜 1 9 ) 同时相对折叠， 向内折叠处均加工有折叠线 2 0并刮去其 上的活性物质。 这种单面涂布的极片精度更高， 组成内本体的 效果也会更好。 单面涂布的正负极片的大叶极耳均为可以重合 的相邻极耳， 并且也都可以成为连体极耳。 From the standpoint of ease of processing and quality control, the positive and negative electrode sheets of the folded lithium-ion power battery are more suitable for coating the active material on only one side. As shown in FIG. 1AB, the positive and negative electrodes coated on one side are long and narrow rectangular sheets (stretched into sheets), each of which is coated with the active material coated side (the middle is lined with a separator 19). Relatively folded, folding lines 20 are processed at the inward folds and scraped off On the active substance. This single-sided coated pole piece has higher accuracy and the effect of composing the inner body will be better. The large leaf tabs of the positive and negative electrode sheets coated on one side are adjacent tabs that can be overlapped, and they can also be connected tabs.
通常情况下， 大叶极耳的最大高度不大于其自身 （大叶极 耳的） 宽度， 最好小于其宽度。 当然， 大叶极耳的高度是越小 越好。  In general, the maximum height of the lobe pole is not greater than its own (large lobe) width, preferably smaller than its width. Of course, the height of the lobe pole is as small as possible.
较大容量的动力电池的极耳， 相对较小容量的动力电池的 极耳， 从导流、 散热、 高倍率充放电的性能而言， 显然要宽大 一些才能满足要求， 故大叶极耳通常或尽量位于正负极片的较 长的边上。 大叶极耳位于正负极片的较长的边上， 姑称为卧式 片， 大叶极耳如果位于正负极片的较短的边上， 则可称为立式 片。 从集流性能而言， 卧式片优于立式片， 故在条件许可的情 况下， 应尽量采用卧式。  The tabs of a large-capacity power battery, and the tabs of a relatively small-capacity power battery, obviously need to be wider to meet the requirements in terms of the performance of flow guidance, heat dissipation, and high-rate charge and discharge. Or try to locate on the longer side of the positive and negative plates. Large lobe tabs are located on the longer sides of the positive and negative tabs, and are tentatively referred to as horizontal tabs. Large lobe tabs are located on the shorter sides of the positive and negative tabs, and can be referred to as vertical tabs. In terms of current collecting performance, the horizontal film is better than the vertical film, so if the conditions permit, the horizontal film should be used as much as possible.
其实， 只要保证不发生短路， 根据需要， 大叶多极耳可以 任意设置于正、 负极片的长边或短边上的任何位置上。  In fact, as long as no short circuit is guaranteed, the large-leaf multipole ears can be arbitrarily set at any position on the long or short sides of the positive and negative plates as required.
正负极片上的大叶单极耳如果从同一方向例如向上引 出， 如图所示， 大叶单极耳的中心线位置应尽量位于叠层式正、 负 极片的边长上约 1 / 4处或 3 / 4处。 大叶极耳的内缘线应尽 量靠近极片的中心线， 但不能妨碍另一极的极耳， 必须采取绝 缘措施防止与另一极的极耳接触短路。  If the large-leaf monopole ears on the positive and negative electrodes are led from the same direction, for example, upward, as shown in the figure, the centerline position of the large-leaf monopole ears should be located as close as possible to about 1/4 of the side length of the laminated positive and negative poles. Or 3/4 places. The inner edge line of the large leaf ear should be as close as possible to the center line of the pole piece, but it must not interfere with the pole ear of the other pole. Insulation measures must be taken to prevent short contact with the pole ear of the other pole.
折叠式锂离子动力电池的正负极片， 通常裁切为矩形片。 正极矩形片最佳的长宽比为 6 . 2 : 3 . 8或 6 : 4 , 负极的折叠 线 2 0 / 2 0 - 1之间矩形片的最佳的长宽比亦为 6 . 2 : 3 . 8或 6 : 4 。 正负极片的形状除矩形外， 也可制成圆形或其他 需要的形状。  The positive and negative electrodes of a folded lithium-ion power battery are usually cut into rectangular pieces. The optimal aspect ratio of the rectangular sheet of the positive electrode is 6.2: 3.8 or 6: 4, and the optimal aspect ratio of the rectangular sheet between the fold lines of the negative electrode 2 0/2 0-1 is also 6.2: 3.8 or 6: 4. In addition to the rectangular shape, the positive and negative electrode pieces can also be made into a circle or other desired shapes.
正、 负极片的尺寸因其工艺要求而有所不同， 由于正极的 活性物质 1 3 - 2 的价格远比负极的活性物质 1 2 - 2 昂贵， 故在裁切时采取负极片的长、 宽均比正极片略大一点的做法， 既节省资源， 又充分发挥正极的物质性能。  The size of the positive and negative electrode sheets varies according to their process requirements. Because the price of the active material 1 3-2 of the positive electrode is much more expensive than that of the negative electrode 1 2-2, the length and width of the negative electrode plate are taken when cutting. Both are slightly larger than the positive electrode sheet, which not only saves resources, but also gives full play to the material properties of the positive electrode.
正极 1 3 、 负极 1 2通常直接裁切为带有大叶单极耳或大 叶多极耳的矩形片。 大叶极耳的制作方法除裁切外， 还可以滚 切或剪切冲压的方式直接加工出成型的极片。 通常情况下， 正极 1 3上的大叶极耳的宽度与负极 1 2上 的大叶极耳的宽度等宽。 当然， 正负极片上各自的大叶极耳的 宽度在特殊要求下也可以不等宽。 较大容量的锂离子动力电池 在需要快速大功率充放电的情况下， 正负极片上的极耳宽度应 当相等。 在需要快速大功率充电而无需大功率放电的情况下， 负极 1 2 上的大叶极耳的宽度可以大于正极 1 3 上的大叶极 耳； 在需要大功率放电而无需快速大功率充电的情况下， 正极 1 3上的大叶极耳的宽度可以大于负极 1 2上的大叶极耳的宽 度。 The positive electrode 1 3 and the negative electrode 12 are usually directly cut into rectangular pieces with large-leaf monopoles or large-leaf multipoles. In addition to cutting, the method of making large-leaf pole tabs can also be directly processed to form pole pieces by rolling or shearing. In general, the width of the large leaf tabs on the positive electrode 13 is the same as the width of the large leaf tabs on the negative electrode 12. Of course, the width of the respective large leaf tabs on the positive and negative electrodes can also be unequal under special requirements. For large-capacity lithium-ion power batteries, when fast high-power charging and discharging are required, the tab widths on the positive and negative electrodes should be equal. In the case of fast high-power charging without high-power discharge, the width of the large leaf tabs on the negative electrode 12 can be larger than that of the large leaf tabs on the positive electrode 1 3; In this case, the width of the large leaf tab on the positive electrode 13 may be greater than the width of the large leaf tab on the negative electrode 12.
大叶极耳与集流体的连接处既可以是清角 （即连接处是没 有圆弧的直角、 钝角 ） 连接， 也可作光滑圆弧连接 （即连接处 有 R角 ） ， 图中所示连接处的 R , 不但具有更高的机械强度， 也有利于防止热量集中而导致熔断极耳甚至熔毁极片。  The connection between the lobe pole and the current collector can be a clear angle (that is, the connection is a right angle, an obtuse angle without a circular arc), or a smooth arc connection (that is, an R angle at the connection), as shown in the figure. The R at the connection not only has higher mechanical strength, but also helps to prevent the concentration of heat and cause the pole tabs to melt or even to destroy the pole pieces.
极耳的制作方法无论是直接裁切的极耳 1 0 / 1 1抑或经 过焊接的极耳， 均为扬头式， 可见极耳明显高于极片涂布活性 物质的部分， 其优点是便于刮粉。 藏头式极耳的形式与扬头式 极耳的形式恰巧相反。  The manufacturing method of the tabs is whether the directly cut tabs 10/1 1 or the welded tabs are raised heads. It can be seen that the tabs are significantly higher than the active material coated on the tabs. The advantage is that it is convenient Scraping powder. The form of the hidden head is exactly the opposite of that of the raised head.
大叶极耳 （扬头式、 藏头式） 可以在矩形的正负极片的长 边上， 也可以在正负极片的短边上， 从合理性考虑， 大叶极耳 应尽量在正负极片的长边上。  Large leaf tabs (head-up style, Tibetan head style) can be on the long sides of the rectangular positive and negative plates, or on the short sides of the positive and negative plates. On the long side of the positive and negative plates.
为了防止锂离子动力电池在大功率充放电时产生的高温熔 断较薄的极耳， 可以如图 1 B、 图 1 B - 1 所示焊接的方法制 作极耳 （ 1 5 / 1 6 ) ， 焊接时可以若干金属片焊接， 既增加 了机械强度、 提高了导流性能， 又改善了散热性能。 焊接处 1 4 必须牢固。 焊接极耳的优点是裁切的极片毛刺较少。 因此， 制作大叶极耳最好采用焊接大叶极耳。 焊接所用的极耳的材 料， 正极为铝制， 负极为镍制或铜制。  In order to prevent the high-temperature fuse of the lithium ion power battery from melting and thinning the tabs, the tabs can be fabricated by welding as shown in Figures 1B and 1B-1 (15/16). Welding When several metal pieces are welded, the mechanical strength is increased, the conductivity is improved, and the heat dissipation performance is improved. Welds 1 4 must be secure. The advantage of welding the lugs is that there is less burr on the cut pieces. Therefore, it is best to use welded large leaf poles to make large leaf poles. The material of the lugs used for welding. The anode is made of aluminum and the anode is made of nickel or copper.
大叶极耳的形状视需要可以设计、 加工为方形、 长方形、 半圆形、 梯形或其他有利于导流、 散热的形状， 最佳的极耳形 状为连接处带有 R圆角的梯形。  The shape of the large leaf tabs can be designed and processed into square, rectangular, semi-circular, trapezoidal or other shapes that facilitate flow and heat dissipation. The best tab shape is a trapezoid with R rounded corners at the connection.
隔膜的基本作用乃将正、 负极隔离， 防止电池短路， 吸附 并保持电解液。 隔膜除必须具有良好的绝缘性能、 稳定的化学 及电化学性能而外， 须有一定的机械强度， 亦须有较高的电导 率， 故采用多孔性的聚烯烃类材料最为合适。 鉴于锂离子动力 电池须大功率充放电的特点， 要求有更高的安全性能。 The basic function of the separator is to separate the positive and negative electrodes, prevent the battery from short-circuiting, and adsorb and maintain the electrolyte. In addition to having good insulation properties, stable chemical and electrochemical properties, the separator must have a certain mechanical strength and a high electrical conductivity. Ratio, it is most suitable to use porous polyolefin materials. In view of the characteristics that lithium-ion power batteries must be charged and discharged with high power, higher safety performance is required.
本发明涉及的锂离子动力电池主要采用具有微孔结构且电 流切断温度低的 1 5 ~ 8 0 μ ηι 厚度的聚乙烯隔膜。 隔膜的选 用原则是越薄越好， 但当正极或负极极片的面积小于或等于 1 The lithium-ion power battery involved in the present invention mainly uses a polyethylene separator having a microporous structure and a low current cut-off temperature of 15 to 80 μηι. The selection principle of the separator is as thin as possible, but when the area of the positive or negative electrode piece is less than or equal to 1
0 0 0 mm x 5 0 0 mm 而又大于或等于 1 0 0 mm x 5 0 mm、 充 放电要求 1 C ~ 2 C时， 排除其他影响因素， 隔膜的最佳厚度 为 2 0 μ ιη μ ιη ~ 4 0 μ ηι; 充放电要求 3 C或更大时， 排除其他 影响因素， 隔膜的最佳厚度为 4 0 μ m 或以上。 当电池内部温 度高于限定值时 （无论是否因短路引起） ， 具有这种特点的隔 膜即自行熔闭微孔， 阻断锂离子的通道， 电池不再发生反应。 锂离子动力电池选用的隔膜也可采用聚丙烯材料制成的隔膜。 0 0 0 mm x 5 0 0 mm but greater than or equal to 100 mm x 50 mm, charge and discharge requirements of 1 C ~ 2 C, excluding other influencing factors, the optimal thickness of the separator is 20 μ ιη μ ιη ~ 4 0 μ η; When charge and discharge require 3 C or more, excluding other influencing factors, the optimal thickness of the separator is 40 μ m or more. When the internal temperature of the battery is higher than the limit value (regardless of whether it is caused by a short circuit), a membrane with this characteristic will automatically close the micropores, blocking the channels of lithium ions, and the battery will no longer react. The separator used in lithium-ion power batteries can also be made of polypropylene.
锂离子动力电池的隔膜也可采用直接将含有合理量的造孔 剂的聚烯烃类材料的浆料均勾涂覆在已经滚压后的正极片表面 (也可用沉浸法， 将正极片沉浸在上述浆料中 ） ， 再将正极片 放入特定溶剂中萃取造孔剂而形成与正极片一体的符合要求的 隔膜。  The separator of the lithium ion power battery can also be directly coated with a slurry of a polyolefin-based material containing a reasonable amount of a pore-forming agent on the surface of the positive electrode sheet after rolling (the immersion method can also be used to immerse the positive electrode sheet in In the above slurry), the positive electrode sheet is put into a specific solvent to extract a pore-forming agent to form a satisfactory separator integrated with the positive electrode sheet.
隔膜通常制成与正负极片形状一致的矩形片。 因为所有的 正极 1 3 的面积均较负极 1 2 的面积略小， 故以隔膜夹裹正极 The separator is generally made of a rectangular sheet conforming to the shape of the positive and negative electrode sheets. Because the area of all the positive electrodes 1 3 is slightly smaller than the area of the negative electrode 12, the positive electrode is wrapped with a separator.
1 3 。 隔膜通常制成袋状 1 9 ， 以便将正极 1 3装入或夹住。 袋状隔膜可以热封三条边， 也可只热封相邻的两条边； 只热封 相邻两条边的隔膜更易于装配。 1 3. The separator is usually made in the shape of a bag 19 so that the positive electrode 1 3 can be inserted or clamped. The bag-shaped diaphragm can heat-seal three sides or only the adjacent two sides; the heat-seal only two adjacent sides of the diaphragm are easier to assemble.
单面涂布的正负极片均为狭长的矩形片 （展成片 ） , 故与 其相应的隔膜 1 9 亦为狭长的矩形片。  The positive and negative electrode sheets coated on one side are both long and narrow rectangular sheets (expanded sheets), so the corresponding separators 19 are also long and narrow rectangular sheets.
隔膜的面积无论长或宽均大于正负极片 ， 除极耳外， 隔膜 1 9 必须将正极片 1 3 四周完全包住， 不可露出边缘， 以防短 路。  The area of the separator is larger than the positive and negative electrodes, both in length and width. Except for the ears, the separator 19 must completely surround the positive electrode 1 and 3, and the edges must not be exposed to prevent short circuits.
锂离子动力电池极柱的材质为导电、 导热性能优良的金属 材料， 除应有一定强度外， 还须有良好的散热性能。 极柱可以 为圆柱形外， 亦可采用片状， 以便利锂离子动力更快地散热。  The material of the lithium ion power battery pole is a metal material with excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. In addition to a certain strength, it must also have good heat dissipation performance. The pole can be cylindrical or sheet-shaped to facilitate faster heat dissipation by lithium ion power.
在不同的需要情况下， 极柱可安装于锂离子动力电池的任 何侧表面； 因应不同的需要， 正负极柱也可安装于锂离子动力 电池的不同的侧表面上。 通常情况下， 锂离子动力电池一个正极柱、 一个负极柱已 可满足需要。 为了因应大功率充放电的需要， 较大容量的锂离 子动力电池的极柱， 可以安装更多的极柱满足， 例如同时安装 两个正极极柱， 两个负极极柱。 当需要安装若干个极柱时， 正 负极柱的数量可以相等， 也可以不等。 在需要快速大功率充放 电的情况下， 正负极柱的数量应当相等； 在需要快速大功率充 电而无需大功率放电的情况下， 负极极柱的数量可以与正极极 柱的数量相等或大于正极极柱的数量； 在需要大功率放电而无 需快速大功率充电的情况下， 正极极柱的数量可以与负极极柱 的数量相等或大于负极极柱的数量。 Under different needs, the pole can be installed on any side surface of the lithium-ion power battery; according to different needs, the positive and negative poles can also be installed on different side surfaces of the lithium-ion power battery. Generally, one positive pole and one negative pole of a lithium-ion power battery can meet the needs. In order to meet the needs of high-power charging and discharging, more poles of a larger-capacity lithium-ion power battery may be installed, for example, two positive poles and two negative poles may be installed at the same time. When several poles need to be installed, the number of positive and negative poles may be equal or different. In the case of fast high power charging and discharging, the number of positive and negative poles should be equal; in the case of fast high power charging without high power discharge, the number of negative poles can be equal to or greater than the number of positive poles The number of positive poles; in the case of high power discharge without fast high power charging, the number of positive poles can be equal to or greater than the number of negative poles.
也可以调整极柱的直径來满足上述需要， 例如在需要快速 大功率充放电的情况下， 正负极柱的直径应当相等； 在需要快 速大功率充电而无需大功率放电的情况下， 负极极柱的直径可 以与正极极柱的直径相等或大于正极极柱的直径； 在需要大功 率放电而无需快速大功率充电的情况下， 正极极柱的直径可以 与负极极柱的直径相等或大于负极极柱的直径。  The diameter of the pole can also be adjusted to meet the above needs. For example, in the case of fast high-power charging and discharging, the diameters of the positive and negative poles should be equal; in the case of fast high-power charging without high-power discharge, the negative pole The diameter of the pole can be equal to or larger than the diameter of the positive pole; in the case of high power discharge without fast high power charging, the diameter of the positive pole can be equal to or larger than the diameter of the negative pole The diameter of the pole.
锂离子动力电池釆用多元电解液， 可适应更宽的温度变 化。 多元电解液指的是两种以上的溶剂混合体与六氟磷酸锂混 合。 锂离子动力电池采用的是：  Lithium-ion power batteries use multiple electrolytes to accommodate wider temperature changes. Multi-component electrolyte refers to a mixture of two or more solvents and lithium hexafluorophosphate. The lithium-ion power battery uses:
( 1 ) 、 L I P F 6 (六氟磷酸锂） / E C ( 乙烯碳酸 酯） ： D M C (二曱基碳酸酯） ： D E C (二乙基碳酸酯） ， 溶剂比例为 0. 9 5 ~ 1 . 0 5 : 0. 9 5 ~ 1 . 0 5 : 0. 9 5 ~ 1. 0 5 ; 或  (1), LIPF 6 (lithium hexafluorophosphate) / EC (ethylene carbonate): DMC (difluorenyl carbonate): DEC (diethyl carbonate), the solvent ratio is 0.9 5 to 1.0 0.5: 0. 9 5 ~ 1. 0 5: 0.9 5 ~ 1. 0 5; or
( 2 ) 、 L I P F 6 / E C : E M C ( 乙基甲基碳酸酯） ： D E C ) , 溶剂比例为 0. 9 5 ~ 1. 0 5 : 0. 9 5 ~ 1 . 0 5： 0. 9 5 - 1. 0 5 ; 或  (2), LIPF 6 / EC: EMC (ethyl methyl carbonate): DEC), and the solvent ratio is 0.9 5 to 1. 0 5: 0.9 5 to 1. 0 5: 0.9 5- 1. 0 5; or
( 3 ) 、 L I P F 6 / E C : D M C : E M C , 溶剂比例为 0. 9 5 - 1. 0 5 : 0. 9 5 - 1. 0 5 : 0. 9 5 - 1. 0 5 ; 或 (3), L I P F 6 / E C: D M C: E M C, the solvent ratio is 0.9 5-1. 0 5: 0.9 5-1. 0 5: 0.9 5-1. 0 5; or
( 4 ) 、 L I P F 6 / E C : D M C : E M C : D E C， 溶 剂比例为 0. 9 5 ~ 1. 0 5 : 0. 9 5 - 1. 0 5 : 0. 9 5 ~ 1. 0 5 : 0. 9 5 ~ 1. 0 5 。 (4), LIPF 6 / EC: DMC: EMC: DEC, the solvent ratio is 0.9 5 to 1. 0 5: 0.9 5-1. 0 5: 0.9 5 to 1. 0 5: 0. 9 5 ~ 1. 0 5.
本发明涉及的锂离子动力电池外壳是锂离子动力电池的一 部分， 也称为电芯壳。 在较小的电池中， 电芯壳也是正、 负极 中的一极， 在此情况下， 电芯壳也称为电极壳。 除非设计上的 必需， 大功率锂离子动力电池的电芯壳应尽量避免成为电极 壳。 通常情况下， 大功率锂离子动力电池的电芯壳不能成为电 极壳， 外壳必须与极柱绝缘。 但在特殊情况下， 外壳也可成为 电极壳。 The lithium-ion power battery case according to the present invention is a part of a lithium-ion power battery, and is also referred to as a cell case. In smaller batteries, the cell case is also positive and negative In this case, the cell case is also referred to as an electrode case. Unless necessary by design, the cell shell of high-power lithium-ion power batteries should be avoided as much as possible. Under normal circumstances, the cell shell of a high-power lithium-ion power battery cannot be an electrode shell, and the shell must be insulated from the pole. However, in special cases, the case can also become an electrode case.
锂离子动力电池的方形外壳 9 由若干个平面组成。  The square case 9 of a lithium-ion power battery consists of several flat surfaces.
锂离子动力电池电芯壳的气密性要求较高， 且要有较高的 强度， 通常为有一定刚性的金属壳， 例如不锈钢电芯壳。 本发 明的锂离子动力电池的电芯壳既可以是金属壳， 也可以聚四氟 乙烯或聚丙烯或其他合适的塑料制造， 粘接成型， 也可以注塑 成型， 安全性能更优于金属电芯壳。  Lithium-ion power battery cell shells have higher airtightness requirements and higher strength, usually metal shells with a certain rigidity, such as stainless steel cell shells. The cell shell of the lithium-ion power battery of the present invention can be either a metal shell, or made of polytetrafluoroethylene or polypropylene or other suitable plastics, and can be bonded or injection-molded. The safety performance is better than that of metal cells. shell.
锂离子动力电池的外壳除了可以采用刚性包装外 （例如不 锈钢外壳） ， 也可以采用软包装。  In addition to the case of lithium-ion power batteries, in addition to rigid packaging (such as stainless steel casing), flexible packaging can also be used.
锂离子动力电池的外壳上方或侧面设计加工有便于串联、 并联的接插端口， 方便电池串联或并联为电池组。  The upper or side of the shell of the lithium-ion power battery is designed and processed with plug-in ports that are convenient for series and parallel connection, so that the batteries can be connected in series or in parallel to form a battery pack.
锂离子动力电池在工作状态下产生的热量如果不能及时散 发， 对电池的安全、 循环寿命均有不良影响。 尤其当众多电池 并联排列时， 产生的热量更大， 散热问题更为明显， 故可在方 形外壳上加工有横向的或纵向的或纵横交错的导风槽， 有利于 尽快散热。  If the heat generated by a lithium-ion power battery under working conditions cannot be dissipated in a timely manner, it will adversely affect the battery's safety and cycle life. Especially when a large number of batteries are arranged in parallel, the heat generated is greater, and the heat dissipation problem is more obvious. Therefore, a horizontal or vertical or crisscross air guide groove can be processed on the rectangular shell, which is beneficial to heat dissipation as soon as possible.
为了尽快散热， 外壳上或其内部可以设计、 加工有散热片 (热桥） 9 - 1 。  In order to dissipate heat as quickly as possible, heat sinks (thermal bridges) 9-1 can be designed and processed on or inside the housing.
锂离子动力电池的盖板须与电芯壳吻合， 气密性要求较 高。 锂离子动力电池的盖板也可以聚四氟乙烯或聚丙烯或其他 任何耐强酸且有一定强度的塑料制造， 注塑成型。  The cover of the lithium-ion power battery must match the battery case, and the airtightness is high. The cover of the lithium-ion power battery can also be made of PTFE or polypropylene or any other strong acid-resistant plastic with a certain strength and injection molding.
锂离子动力电池的安全阀 3 至关重要， 是为防止过充电、 短路等其他意外事故所设置的安全装置， 可在瞬间卸去超出设 计的压力。 安全阀底部的卸压孔也是锂离子动力电池的注液 π 。  The safety valve 3 of the lithium-ion power battery is very important. It is a safety device provided to prevent other accidents such as overcharge and short circuit. It can instantly remove the pressure exceeding the design. The pressure relief hole at the bottom of the safety valve is also the injection π of the lithium ion power battery.
涉及本发明的安全阀有两种， 其一以弹簧 （压簧式） 作复 位机构如图 5-1、 5-2、 5-3、 5-4、 5-5 ; 另一以反弓弹片 （压 片式） 作复位机构如图 6-1、 6-2、 6-3、 6-4、 6-5、 6-6。 分 迷如下： 压簧式安全阀的结构如图 5- 1 、 5- 2 。 压簧 （弹簧） 2 5 装于调节螺栓 2 3 的内孔中， 调节螺栓的内孔实际上是压 簧、 密封钢球 2 2 的保持架， 压簧可在调节螺栓的内孔中纵向 上下滑移而不能横向摆动， 密封钢球也可在调节螺栓的内孔中 纵向上下滑移而不能横向摆动。 调节螺栓的外径上加工有与安 全阀本体 2 1相配的螺纹， 故调节螺栓装在安全阀本体上， 可 以通过钥匙孔 2 7 随意调节高低， 钥匙孔兼有排气的作用。 当 旋转调节螺栓施加压力予压簧， 密封钢球即被压簧固定。 调节 螺栓加工有若干竖向的排气槽 2 4 , 通过排气槽可以拧动调节 螺栓使之旋转， 在排气槽的下部则开有排气孔 2 8 。 最下层是 氟橡胶圏 2 6或其他耐腐蚀的胶圏垫， 压在或贴在锂离子电池 盖板 1上的注液孔上， 密封钢球则陷压在氟橡胶圏 2 6或其他 耐腐蚀的胶圏垫上。 安全岡底部的卸压孔与盖板 1上的注液孔 相通， 故卸压孔在注液时即为注液孔。 There are two types of safety valves related to the present invention. One is a spring (compression spring type) as a reset mechanism, as shown in Figures 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, and 5-5. (Pressure type) The reset mechanism is shown in Figure 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5, 6-6. The fans are as follows: The structure of the pressure spring safety valve is shown in Figures 5-1, 5-2. The compression spring (spring) 2 5 is installed in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt 2 3. The inner hole of the adjustment bolt is actually a compression spring and a cage for sealing the steel ball 2 2. The compression spring can be vertically moved up and down in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt. The sliding steel ball can not swing laterally, and the sealing steel ball can also slide vertically in the inner hole of the adjusting bolt without swinging horizontally. The outer diameter of the adjustment bolt is processed with a thread matching the safety valve body 21, so the adjustment bolt is installed on the safety valve body, and the height can be adjusted at will through the key hole 27, which also serves as an exhaust. When the rotation adjusting bolt applies pressure to the compression spring, the sealing steel ball is fixed by the compression spring. The adjusting bolt is processed with a plurality of vertical exhaust grooves 2 4. The adjusting bolt can be rotated through the exhaust groove, and an exhaust hole 2 8 is opened at the lower part of the exhaust groove. The lowest layer is fluoro rubber 圏 26 or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads, which are pressed or attached to the liquid injection holes on the lid 1 of the lithium ion battery, and the sealed steel ball is trapped under fluoro rubber 圏 26 or other resistant materials. Corroded rubber pad. The pressure relief hole at the bottom of the safety gang is in communication with the liquid injection hole on the cover plate 1, so the pressure relief hole is the liquid injection hole when the liquid is injected.
氟橡胶圈或其他耐腐蚀的胶圏垫除须有一定弹性， 以便密 封钢球压紧氟橡胶圏或其他耐腐蚀的胶圏垫时， 氟橡胶圏或其 他耐腐蚀的胶圏垫产生一定变形而可密封住注液孔。 压簧以其 底部内圈刚好扣压在密封钢球上部， 密封钢球的下部则陷压在 电池盖板上的氟橡胶圏 2 6或其他耐腐蚀的胶圏垫上， 约束密 封钢球不会滑开。 当锂离子动力电池内部的压力小于设定值 时， 密封钢球因压簧的压力 自动将注液口封闭， 保持电池内部 与外部环境隔离， 而当电池内部的压力大于设定值时， 会自动 顶开密封钢球卸压， 气体会在瞬间从卸压孔 2 9排出， 沿排气 孔 2 8顺着排气槽 2 4逸出。 当内压卸去后， 压簧的压力足以 再次压紧密封钢球， 从而将卸压孔密封住。  In addition, the fluorine rubber ring or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads must have some elasticity, so that when the steel ball is pressed against the fluorine rubber pad or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads, the fluorine rubber pads or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads deform The injection hole can be sealed. The compression spring with its bottom inner ring just buckles on the upper part of the sealed steel ball, and the lower part of the sealed steel ball is trapped on the fluoro rubber 圏 2 6 or other corrosion-resistant rubber pad on the battery cover plate, which restrains the sealed steel ball from slipping. open. When the pressure inside the lithium-ion power battery is less than the set value, the sealed steel ball automatically closes the injection port due to the pressure of the compression spring to keep the inside of the battery isolated from the external environment. When the pressure inside the battery is greater than the set value, it will Automatically lift the sealed steel ball to release pressure, and the gas will be discharged from the pressure release hole 29 in an instant, and escape along the exhaust groove 2 4 along the exhaust hole 28. When the internal pressure is removed, the pressure of the compression spring is sufficient to compress the sealing steel ball again to seal the pressure relief hole.
压片式安全阀的结构如图 6- 1、 6-2。 半月形 （反弓弹片 可以根据需要加工为平板形 ） 反弓弹片 3 0装于调节螺栓 2 3 的下部， 调节螺栓加工有与安全阀本体 2 1相配的螺紋， 故调 节螺栓装在安全阀本体上， 底部紧压在反弓弹片上， 可以通过 拧动钥匙孔 8调节螺栓的高低， 调整反弓弹片的张力。 安全阀 本体内加工有一长方形的排气槽 3 1 ， 反弓弹片装在长方槽内 除可上下弹动外， 不可水平旋转。 安全阀本体的下部内径较 小， 形成保持架， 密封钢球 2 2在保持架内可以纵向上下滑 移。 反弓弹片上加工有工艺装配孔 3 3 , 正好扣压在钢球的上 部固定密封钢球。 密封钢球的下部孔则陷压在盖板注液口上的 氟橡胶圏或其他耐腐蚀的胶圏垫上， 既固定住了密封钢球， 也 密封住了电池。 The structure of the pressure relief valve is shown in Figure 6-1, 6-2. Half-moon-shaped (reverse bow spring can be processed into a flat shape as required) The reverse bow spring 30 is installed on the lower part of the adjustment bolt 23, and the adjustment bolt is processed with a thread matching the safety valve body 21, so the adjustment bolt is installed on the safety valve body The bottom and the bottom are tightly pressed on the anti-spring bow. You can adjust the tension of the anti-spring bow by turning the keyhole 8 to adjust the height of the bolt. A rectangular exhaust groove 3 1 is machined in the safety valve body. The anti-bend spring is installed in the rectangular groove and can not be rotated horizontally except that it can spring up and down. The inner diameter of the lower part of the safety valve body is small, forming a cage, and the sealed steel ball 2 2 can slide vertically in the cage Shift. The anti-bow shrapnel is processed with a process assembling hole 3 3, which is crimped on the upper part of the steel ball to fix and seal the steel ball. The lower hole of the sealed steel ball is trapped on the fluoro rubber 圏 or other corrosion-resistant rubber pad on the cover injection port, which not only fixes the sealed steel ball, but also seals the battery.
氟橡胶圈或其他耐腐蚀的胶圏垫除须有一定弹性， 以便密 封钢球压紧氟橡胶圈或其他耐腐蚀的胶圏垫时， 氟橡胶圏或其 他耐腐蚀的胶圏垫产生一定变形而可密封住注液孔。 压簧以其 底部内圏刚好扣压在密封钢球上部， 密封钢球的下部则陷压在 电池盖板上的氟橡胶圏 2 6或其他耐腐蚀的胶圏垫上， 约束密 封钢球不会滑开。 当锂离子动力电池内部的压力小于设定值 时， 密封钢球因压簧的压力 自动将注液口封闭， 保持电池内部 与外部环境隔离， 而当电池内部的压力大于设定值时， 会自动 顶开密封钢球卸压， 气体瞬间会从卸压孔 2 9排出， 沿排气槽 3 1从排气孔 3 2 以及钥匙孔 2 7 逸出。 当内压卸去后， 反弓 弹片的压力足以再次压紧密封钢球， 从而将卸压孔密封住。  In addition, the fluorine rubber ring or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads must have some elasticity, so that when the steel ball is pressed against the fluorine rubber ring or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads, the fluorine rubber pads or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads deform The injection hole can be sealed. The compression spring is pressed against the upper part of the sealed steel ball with the inner inner part of the bottom part, and the lower part of the sealed steel ball is trapped on the fluorine rubber on the battery cover 圏 2 6 or other corrosion-resistant rubber pads to restrain the sealed steel ball from slipping. open. When the pressure inside the lithium-ion power battery is less than the set value, the sealed steel ball automatically closes the injection port due to the pressure of the compression spring to keep the inside of the battery isolated from the external environment. When the pressure inside the battery is greater than the set value, it will Automatically lift the sealed steel ball to release the pressure, and the gas will be instantly discharged from the pressure release hole 2 9 and escape along the exhaust groove 31 from the exhaust hole 3 2 and the key hole 2 7. When the internal pressure is removed, the pressure of the anti-bow spring is sufficient to compress the sealing steel ball again to seal the pressure relief hole.
反弓弹片可以设计、 加工成平板形反弓弹片。 平板形反弓 弹片的工作原理一如半月形反弓弹片。  The anti-bow shrapnel can be designed and processed into a flat-shaped anti-bow shrapnel. The flat-shaped anti-bow shrapnel works like a half-moon anti-bow shrapnel.
压片式安全阀的压力还可以通过如图 6-2 所示的螺钉 3 4 微调反弓弹片的张紧状态。  The pressure of the tablet-type safety valve can also be adjusted by the screws 3 4 shown in Figure 6-2.
为了更为迅速地排气， 安全阀也可以设计为在本体上另行 加工有若干排气小孔 3 5 。  In order to evacuate more quickly, the safety valve can also be designed with several vent holes 3 5 in the body.
氟橡胶圏 2 6上的卸压孔 2 9与盖板 1上的注液孔为相通 孔， 亦与安全阀底部的卸压孔相通， 故不另行标出。  The pressure relief hole 2 9 on the fluorine rubber 圏 2 6 is the communication hole with the liquid injection hole on the cover plate 1 and also communicates with the pressure relief hole on the bottom of the safety valve, so it is not marked separately.
氟橡胶圏 26可以其他任何合适的胶圏代替。  The fluororubber 26 may be replaced by any other suitable rubber.
反弓弹片可以设计、 加工成平板形或如图 6 - 1 的半月形 反弓弹片。 平板形反弓弹片的工作原理同半月形反弓弹片相 同。  The anti-bow shrapnel can be designed and processed into a flat shape or a half-moon shaped anti-bow shrapnel as shown in Figure 6-1. The working principle of the flat anti-bow shrapnel is the same as that of the half-moon anti-bow shrapnel.
无论压簧式安全阀抑或压片式安全阀， 密封钢球 2 2均可 设计、 加工为带有水平横槽的球体 2 2 - 1 ， 氟橡胶圏 2 6 - 1 则箍紧在密封钢球 2 2 - 1上的水平横槽中。 压簧或反弓弹 片压下密封钢球 2 2 - 1 时， 氟橡胶圏 2 6 - 1则密封住注液 孔。 为了防止密封钢球 2 2 - 1摆动， 也可在其上加工一固定 小柄 3 5 ， 压簧或反弓弹片套在固定小柄上。 当内压小于允许 值时， 压簧或反弓弹片则压住密封钢球 2 2 - 1 ， 氟橡胶圏 2 6 - 1 紧密封住注液孔。 当内压大于允许值， 顶起密封钢球 2 2 - 1 时， 氟橡胶圏 2 6 - 1则与其同时向上抬起， 迅速卸去 内压。 Regardless of the pressure spring-type safety valve or the plate-type safety valve, the sealed steel ball 2 2 can be designed and processed into a ball 2 2-1 with horizontal grooves, and the fluorine rubber 圏 2 6-1 is hung on the sealed steel ball. 2 2-1 in the horizontal slot. When the compression spring or reverse bow spring presses down the sealing steel ball 2 2-1, the fluorine rubber 圏 2 6-1 seals the injection hole. In order to prevent the sealed steel ball 2 2-1 from swinging, a fixed small handle 3 5 can also be processed thereon, and a compression spring or an anti-bow spring is sleeved on the fixed small handle. When the internal pressure is less than allowed When the value is reached, the compression spring or reverse bow spring presses the sealing steel ball 2 2-1 and the fluorine rubber 圏 2 6-1 tightly seals the injection hole. When the internal pressure is greater than the allowable value, when the sealed steel ball 2 2-1 is lifted up, the fluorine rubber 圏 2 6-1 is lifted upward at the same time, and the internal pressure is quickly removed.
密封钢球 2 2也可设计、 加工为密封锥台 2 2 - 2 。 与钢 球 2 2或 2 2 - 1相比， 密封锥台的下部伸入注液孔， 因而复 位更可靠。 密封锥台上也可加工有固定小柄 3 6 , 压簧或反弓 弹片套在固定小柄上。 当内压小于允许值时， 压簧或反弓弹片 则压住密封锥台 2 2 - 2 ， 氟橡胶圏 2 6在密封锥台的压力产 生形变从而紧密封住注液孔。 当内压大于允许值， 顶起密封锥 台 2 2 - 2 时， 迅速卸去内压。 密封锥台也可设计、 加工为 2 2 - 3 , 其上有一水平横槽， 氟橡胶圏 2 6 - 1则箍紧在密封 锥台 2 2 - 3上的水平横槽中。 压簧或反弓弹片压下密封锥台 2 2 - 3 时， 氟橡胶圈 2 6 - 1 则密封住注液孔。 当内压大于 允许值， 顶起密封锥台 2 2 - 3 时， 氟橡胶圏 2 6 - 1则与其 同时向上抬起， 迅速卸去内压。  The sealing steel ball 2 2 can also be designed and processed into a sealing frustum 2 2-2. Compared with steel balls 2 2 or 2 2-1, the lower part of the sealing frustum protrudes into the injection hole, so the reset is more reliable. The sealing frustum can also be processed with a fixed small handle 3 6, and a compression spring or an inverted bow spring is sleeved on the fixed small handle. When the internal pressure is less than the allowable value, the compression spring or reverse bow spring presses the sealing frustum 2 2-2. The pressure of the fluoro rubber 圏 2 6 deforms in the sealing frustum and tightly seals the injection hole. When the internal pressure is greater than the allowable value, lift the sealing cone 2 2-2 and quickly remove the internal pressure. The sealing frustum can also be designed and machined as 2 2-3, which has a horizontal horizontal groove, and the fluoro rubber 圏 2 6-1 is hooped in the horizontal horizontal groove on the sealing frustum 2 2-3. When the compression spring or reverse bow spring presses down the sealing cone 2 2-3, the fluoro rubber ring 2 6-1 seals the injection hole. When the internal pressure is greater than the allowable value and the sealing cone 2 2-3 is lifted up, the fluorine rubber 圏 2 6-1 is lifted upward at the same time, and the internal pressure is quickly removed.
密封钢球 2 2或 2 2 - 1或密封锥台 2 2 - 2 、 2 2 - 3 上的固定小柄 3 6也可设计为空心套筒， 将压簧装入导向性能 更好的空心套筒中。  The sealing steel ball 2 2 or 2 2-1 or the sealing frustum 2 2-2, 2 2-3 can also be designed as a hollow sleeve, and the compression spring is inserted into a hollow sleeve with better guiding performance. in.
通常情况下， 安全阀与极柱应安装在锂离子动力电池外壳 的同一个侧表面上， 惟根据需要， 也可以安装在不同的侧表 面。  Generally, the safety valve and the pole should be installed on the same side surface of the lithium-ion battery case, but they can also be installed on different side surfaces as required.
因应不同的需要， 安全阀、 极柱可安装于锂离子动力电池 的任何侧表面。  According to different needs, safety valves and poles can be installed on any side surface of the lithium-ion power battery.
为了安全， 较大容量的锂离子动力电池， 可以在同一个侧 表面或不同的侧表面安装若干个安全阀。  For safety, a large-capacity lithium-ion power battery may have several safety valves installed on the same side surface or on different side surfaces.
活性物质的配比及其配制方法  Proportion of active substance and its preparation method
在锂离子电池的生产工艺中， 配制 （配料） 工序与涂布工 序极为关键， 对锂离子动力电池的电性能影响最大。  In the production process of lithium-ion batteries, the preparation (batching) process and coating process are extremely critical, and have the greatest impact on the electrical performance of lithium-ion power batteries.
浆料的配制。 配制浆料的介质有以 NM P ( N -曱基 - 2 -吡咯烷酮） 为介质或以水为介质； 配制的方法则有湿法和干 法。 本发明的说明书依照介质区分， 则先说明 NM P介质， 后 说明水介质； 依照配制方法区分， 则先说明湿法 （湿法亦有 —： 循序配制法、 混合配制法） ， 后说明干法 （正极） 。 兹分 迷如下： Preparation of slurry. The medium for preparing the slurry includes NMP (N-fluorenyl-2-pyrrolidone) as the medium or water as the medium; the preparation methods include the wet method and the dry method. In the description of the present invention, according to the medium, the NM P medium is described first, and then the aqueous medium is described. In accordance with the preparation method, the wet method (wet method is also available) —: Sequential preparation method, mixed preparation method), and the dry method (positive electrode) will be described later. The following points are here:
正极。 以 NM P为介质。 所需材料： P V D F (聚偏二氟 乙烯） 2. 5 % ~ 3 . 5 %、 钴酸锂 9 3 % ~ 9 5 %、 导电剂石 墨 1 % ~ 2 % (或乙炔黑 0 . 5 % ~ 1 % ) 、 碳黑 2 % ~ 3 %。 N M P的用量受前述物质特别是受鈷酸锂粒径大小、 粒度 分布的制约， 故约为所有前述物盾总量的 3 0 °/。 ~ 1 0 0 %即 固液比 = 1 (活性物质固含量） ： 0. 3 ~ 1 ( NM P ) ； 通常 情况下， 最佳的固液比 = 1 : 0. 3 5 ~ 0. 7 。 P V D F、 石 墨 （或乙炔黑） 、 碳黑均需在约 1 2 0 °C烘箱内烘烤约 2 ~ 3 小时。  positive electrode. Use NM P as the medium. Materials required: PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) 2.5% to 3.5%, lithium cobaltate 93% to 95%, conductive agent graphite 1% to 2% (or acetylene black 0.5% to 1%), carbon black 2% ~ 3%. The amount of N M P is restricted by the aforementioned substances, especially by the particle size and particle size distribution of lithium cobaltate, so it is about 30 ° / the total amount of all the aforementioned shields. ~ 1 0 0% means solid-liquid ratio = 1 (solid content of active substance): 0.3 ~ 1 (NM P); under normal circumstances, the best solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0.3. 5 ~ 0.7. P V D F, graphite (or acetylene black), and carbon black all need to be baked in an oven at about 120 ° C for about 2 to 3 hours.
循序配制法。 将 P V D F加入 N M P搅拌约 3 ~ 4 小时 后， 加入导电剂石墨 （或乙炔黑 ） 、 碳黑搅拌约 0. 5 ~ 1 小 时， 最后加入钴酸锂搅拌约 2. 5 ~ 4 小时成粘稠的浆状。  Sequential preparation method. After adding PVDF to NMP and stirring for about 3 to 4 hours, add conductive agent graphite (or acetylene black), carbon black and stir for about 0.5 to 1 hour, and finally add lithium cobaltate and stir for about 2.5 to 4 hours to become viscous. Pasty.
混合配制法。 将 P V D F加入 NM P搅拌约 3 ~ 4 小时， 加入导电剂石墨 （或乙炔黑） 、 碳黑、 钴酸锂搅拌约 2. 5 ~ 4 小时成粘稠的浆状。  Mixed formulation method. Add P V D F to NM P and stir for about 3 to 4 hours. Add conductive agent graphite (or acetylene black), carbon black, and lithium cobaltate and stir for about 2.5 to 4 hours to form a thick paste.
正极。 以水为介质。 所需材料： C M C (羧甲基纤维素 钠） 0. 6 % ~ 0. 9 %、 S B R (丁苯胶乳乳液） 实际固含量 2 % ~ 4 %、 导电剂石墨 1 % ~ 2 %或乙炔黑 0. 5 % ~ 1 %、 碳黑 1 . 5 % ~ 3 %、 钴酸锂 9 3 % ~ 9 5 %。 水 （去离 子水、 蒸馏水、 纯净水） 的用量受前述物质特别是钴酸锂的粒 径的大小、 粒度的分布制约， 故约为所有前述物质总量的 4 0 % ~ 1 30 %即固液比 = 1： 0 · 4 ~ 1 .3; 通常情况下， 最佳 的固.液比 = 1 : 0 .6 ~ 1。 S B R可以用 P T F E (聚四氟乙 烯） 代替。  positive electrode. Use water as the medium. Required materials: CMC (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) 0.6% ~ 0.9%, SBR (styrene-butadiene latex emulsion) actual solid content 2% ~ 4%, conductive agent graphite 1% ~ 2% or acetylene black 0.5% to 1%, carbon black 1.5% to 3%, lithium cobaltate 93% to 95%. The amount of water (deionized water, distilled water, purified water) is limited by the particle size and particle size distribution of the aforementioned substances, especially lithium cobaltate, so it is about 40% ~ 130% of the total amount of all the aforementioned substances. Liquid ratio = 1: 0 · 4 ~ 1.3; Under normal circumstances, the best solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0.6 ~ 1. S B R can be replaced with P T F E (polytetrafluoroethylene).
循序配制法。 将 C M C加入水中搅拌约 3 ~ 4 小时后将 S B R加入其中搅拌约 0. 5 ~ 1 小时， 再将导电剂石墨 （或乙 炔黑 ） 、 碳黑加入搅拌约 0. 5 ~ 1 小时， 最后加入鈷酸锂搅 拌约 2 . 5 ~ 4 小时成较为粘稠的浆状， 筛去团聚物和其他杂 质。  Sequential preparation method. After adding CMC to water and stirring for about 3 to 4 hours, add SBR to it and stir for about 0.5 to 1 hour, then add conductive agent graphite (or acetylene black), carbon black and stir for about 0.5 to 1 hour, and finally add cobalt The lithium acid is stirred for about 2.5 to 4 hours to form a thicker slurry. Sieve out agglomerates and other impurities.
混合配制法。 首先将 C M C加入水中搅拌 3 ~ 4 小时， 然 后将 S B R加入其中搅拌约 0. 5 ~ 1 小时， 再将导电剂石墨 (或乙炔黑 ） 、 碳黑、 钴酸锂加入搅拌约 2. 5 ~ 4 小时成较 为粘稠的浆状， 最后歸去团聚物和其他杂质。 Mixed formulation method. First add CMC to water and stir for 3 ~ 4 hours, then add SBR to it and stir for about 0.5 ~ 1 hour, and then conductive agent graphite (Or acetylene black), carbon black, and lithium cobaltate are added and stirred for about 2.5 to 4 hours to form a thicker slurry. Finally, aggregates and other impurities are removed.
鉴于锂离子动力电池需满足其高倍率充放电特性， 故正极 的配制须略加大导电剂。  In view of the fact that lithium ion power batteries need to meet their high rate charge and discharge characteristics, the preparation of the positive electrode must be slightly larger than the conductive agent.
负极。 以 N M P为介质。 所需材料： 石墨 9 3 % ~ 9 5 %、 P V D F 5 % ~ 7 %、 N M P约为所有前述物质总量的 8 0 % - 1 5 0 %即固液比 = 1 : 0. 8 ~ 1 . 5 ; 最佳的固液比 = 1 : 1 ~ 1 . 3 。 P V D F需在温度约 1 2 0 。C的烘箱内烘烤 2 ~ 3 小时， 石墨则需在 3 0 0 。C ~ 5 0 0 温度烘烤 4 ~ 8 小时。  negative electrode. Use N M P as the medium. Materials required: Graphite 93% ~ 95%, PVDF 5% ~ 7%, NMP is about 80%-150% of the total amount of all the aforementioned substances, that is, the solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0.8 to 1. 5; The best solid-liquid ratio = 1: 1 ~ 1.3. P V D F needs to be at a temperature of about 120. B oven in C for 2 ~ 3 hours, graphite needs to be at 300. C ~ 5 0 0 Bake for 4 ~ 8 hours.
循序配制法。 将 P V D F加入 NM P搅拌约 3 ~ 4 小时， 再将经 3 0 0 目 筛网振动筛选备用的石墨加入搅拌约 3 ~ 4 小 时成粘稠的浆状。  Sequential preparation method. Add P V D F to NM P and stir for about 3 to 4 hours, and then add graphite that has been screened by a 300 mesh screen to agitate for about 3 to 4 hours to form a thick slurry.
负极。 以水为介质。 所需材料： 石墨 9 3 % ~ 9 5 %、 C M C 0. 9 % ~ 1. 5 %、 S B R固含量 2 °/。 ~ 4 %、 水 （去离 子水、 蒸馏水、 纯净水） 约为所有前述物质总量的 80 % ~ 1 60 %即固液比 = 1： 0. 8 ~ 1. 6 ； 通常情况下， 最佳的固液 比 = 1 : 1 ~ 1 . 3 。 C M C需在 1 2 0 °C温度下烘烤 2 ~ 3 小 时， 石墨则需在 3 0 0 °C ~ 5 0 0 °C温度烘烤 4 ~ 8 小时。 S B R可以用 P T F E代替。  negative electrode. Use water as the medium. Materials required: Graphite 93% ~ 95%, C M C 0.9% ~ 1.5%, S B R solid content 2 ° /. ~ 4%, water (deionized water, distilled water, purified water) is about 80% ~ 160% of the total amount of all the aforementioned substances, that is, the solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0.8 to 1.6; usually, the best The solid-liquid ratio = 1: 1 ~ 1.3. C M C is baked at 120 ° C for 2 to 3 hours, while graphite is baked at 300 ° C to 500 ° C for 4 to 8 hours. S B R can be replaced by P T F E.
循序配制法。 将 C M C加入水中搅拌约 3 ~ 4 小时后将 S B R加入其中搅拌约 0. 5 ~ 1 小时， 最后将烘烤后并经 3 0 0 目 筛选备用的石墨加入搅拌约 3 - 4 小时成粘稠的浆状。  Sequential preparation method. Add CMC to water and stir for about 3 to 4 hours, then add SBR to it and stir for about 0.5 to 1 hour. Finally, add graphite after baking and sieve through 300 mesh. Stir for about 3-4 hours to become viscous. Pasty.
干法配制。 以 N M P为介质的正极的干法配制。 所需材 料： 所需材料： P V D F 2. 5 % ~ 3 . 5 %、 鈷酸锂 9 3 % ~ 9 5 %、 导电剂石墨 1 . 5 % ~ 2 % (或乙炔黑 0. 8 % ~ 1 . Dry preparation. Dry preparation of the positive electrode with N M P as the medium. Materials required: Materials required: PVDF 2.5% to 3.5%, lithium cobaltate 93% to 95%, conductive agent graphite 1.5% to 2% (or acetylene black 0.8% to 1 .
2 % ) 、 碳黑 2 % ~ 3 %。 NM P的用量受前述物质特别是钴 酸锂粒径大小、 粒度分布的制约， 故约为所有前述物质总量的2%), carbon black 2% ~ 3%. The amount of NM P is restricted by the particle size and particle size distribution of the foregoing substances, especially lithium cobaltate, so it is about the total amount of all the foregoing substances.
3 0 °/。 ~ 1 0 0 %即固液比 = 1 ( 固含量） ： 0. 3 ~ 1 ( N M P ) ， 通常情况卞， 最佳的固液比 = 1 ： 0. 3 5 ~ 0■ 7 。 P V D F、 石墨 （或乙炔黑） 、 碳黑均需在约 1 2 0 °C烘箱内烘 烤 2 ~ 3 小时。 首先将钴酸锂、 导电剂石墨 （或乙炔黑） 、 碳黑放入混料 机内搅拌 3 小时； 同时将 P V D F与 NM P搅拌约 2 小时， 待 其完全溶解后 （清浆） ， 即将混料机搅拌后的混合粉料放入经 过搅拌的 P V D F与 NM P的清浆内继续搅拌约 3 小时成粘稠 的浆状。 3 0 ° /. ~ 1 0 0% means that the solid-liquid ratio = 1 (solid content): 0.3 ~ 1 (NMP). Generally, the optimal solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0.3. 5 to 0 ■ 7. PVDF, graphite (or acetylene black), and carbon black need to be baked in an oven at about 120 ° C for 2 to 3 hours. First put lithium cobaltate, conductive agent graphite (or acetylene black), carbon black into the mixer and stir for 3 hours; at the same time, stir PVDF and NM P for about 2 hours. After it is completely dissolved (slurry), it will be mixed. The mixed powder after being stirred by the feeder is put into the clear slurry of the stirred PVDF and NM P and continued to be stirred for about 3 hours to form a thick slurry.
以水为介盾的正极的干法配制。 所需材料： C M C 0. 6 % ~ 0. 9 %、 S B R实际固含量 2 % ~ 4 %、 导电剂石墨 1 % ~ 2 °/。或乙炔黑 0. 5 % ~ 1 %、 碳黑 1. 5 % ~ 3 %、 钴酸 锂 9 3 % ~ 9 5. %。 水 （去离子水、 蒸馏水、 纯净水） 的用量 受前述物质特别是钴酸锂的粒径的大小、 粒度的分布制约， 故 约为所有前述物质总量的 4 0 % ~ 1 30 °/。即固液比 = 1 ： 0■ 4 ~ 1.3; 通常情况下， 最佳的固液比 = 1 : 0.6 ~ 1。 S B R 可以用 P T F E (聚四氟乙烯） 代替。  Dry preparation of the positive electrode with water as the shield. Materials required: C M C 0.6% ~ 0.9%, S B R actual solid content 2% ~ 4%, conductive agent graphite 1% ~ 2 ° /. Or acetylene black 0.5% ~ 1%, carbon black 1.5% ~ 3%, lithium cobaltate 93% ~ 95.5%. The amount of water (deionized water, distilled water, and purified water) is limited by the particle size and particle size distribution of the aforementioned substances, especially lithium cobaltate, so it is approximately 40% to 130 ° / of the total amount of all the aforementioned substances. That is, the solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0 ■ 4 ~ 1.3; Under normal circumstances, the best solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0.6 ~ 1. S B R can be replaced by P T F E (polytetrafluoroethylene).
首先将鈷酸锂、 导电剂石墨 （或乙炔黑） 、 碳黑放入混料 机内搅拌约 3 小时； 同时将 C M C与水搅拌约 3 小时， 待其完 全溶解后成为清浆， 即将混料机搅拌后的混合粉料放入经过搅 拌的 C M C与水的清浆内继续搅拌约 3 小时成粘稠的浆状， 最 后筛去团聚物和其他杂质。  First put lithium cobaltate, conductive agent graphite (or acetylene black), carbon black into the mixer and stir for about 3 hours; at the same time, stir the CMC with water for about 3 hours. After it is completely dissolved, it will become a clear slurry. The mixed powder after the machine is stirred is put into the clear slurry of the stirred CMC and water, and the stirring is continued for about 3 hours to form a thick slurry. Finally, the agglomerates and other impurities are sieved.
在正极的配制中， 选用导电剂须注意， 导电剂的粒径须等 于或小于正极材料 （钴酸锂、 锰酸锂、 镍钴酸锂） 。  In the preparation of the positive electrode, it is necessary to pay attention to the selection of the conductive agent, and the particle size of the conductive agent must be equal to or smaller than the positive electrode material (lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium nickel cobaltate).
为了保证配制浆料的品质， 在配制浆料过程中， 无论是以 水 （去离子水、 蒸馏水、 纯净水） 为介质抑或以 N M P为介 质， 必须根据正极材料的粒径、 粒度分布以及导电剂的用量精 细计算， 一次性加足介质， 不可中途再添加； 至于负极， 也是 如此， 无论是以水 （去离子水、 蒸馏水、 纯净水） 为介质抑或 以 NM P为介质， 必须根据负极材料以及添加剂的用量精细计 算， 一次性加足介质， 不可中途再添加。 否则， 难以保证正极 浆料或负极浆料的品质。  In order to ensure the quality of the prepared slurry, whether the water (deionized water, distilled water, purified water) or NMP is used as the medium during the preparation of the slurry, it must be based on the particle size, particle size distribution, and conductive agent of the positive electrode material. The amount is carefully calculated, and the medium is added once, and it cannot be added halfway. The same is true for the negative electrode, whether it is water (deionized water, distilled water, purified water) or NM P as the medium, it must be based on the anode material and The amount of additives is carefully calculated, and the medium should be filled in one time. Do not add it halfway. Otherwise, it is difficult to ensure the quality of the positive electrode slurry or the negative electrode slurry.
锂离子动力电池正极选用的活性物盾材料除了钴酸锂外， 还可以选用锰酸锂、 镍酸锂或镍钴酸锂， 配制方法与前述的选 用钴酸锂配制的方法基本相同。  In addition to the lithium cobalt oxide, the active shield material used for the positive electrode of the lithium-ion power battery can also be lithium manganate, lithium nickelate, or lithium nickel cobaltate. The preparation method is basically the same as that of the foregoing preparation method using lithium cobaltate.
锂离子动力电池正极材料 （钴酸锂、 锰酸锂、 镍酸锂或镍 钴酸锂） 的粒径可以在 2 μ m~ 1 2 μ m 范围内选用， 但最佳 的粒径应为 5 μ m ~ 8 μ m; 正极材料的粒度分布亦须尽可能 窄， 以选用粒径 5 μ m 材料为例 , 过细 （ 2 μ ηι 以下 ） 的或过 粗 （ 1 2 μ m以上） 的粉体的总和通常不超过 4 0 % 。 The particle size of the lithium ion battery positive electrode material (lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium nickelate, or lithium nickel cobaltate) can be selected in the range of 2 μm to 12 μm, but it is the best The particle size should be 5 μm ~ 8 μm; the particle size distribution of the cathode material must also be as narrow as possible. Taking 5 μm particle size as an example, it is too fine (less than 2 μ ηι) or too thick (1 2 μ m or more) of powders usually do not exceed 40%.
正极材料 （钴酸锂、 锰酸锂、 镍酸锂或镍钴酸锂） 2 μ m 以下的微细粉体、 1 2 μ m 以上的较粗粉体的配制方法与 2 μ m ~ 1 2 μ m 范围内的配制方法除固液比不同外， 其余相同。  Cathode material (lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium nickelate or lithium nickel cobaltate) Preparation method of fine powder below 2 μm, coarser powder above 1 μm and 2 μm ~ 1 2 μ The preparation method in the range of m is the same except that the solid-liquid ratio is different.
2 μ m 以下的微细粉体的固液比应在原固液比基础上加大 2 0 % ~ 5 0 % , 1 2 μ m 以上的较粗粉体的固液比则应在原固液 比基础上减小 1 0 % ~ 3 0 % 。  The solid-liquid ratio of fine powders below 2 μm should be increased by 20% to 50% based on the original solid-liquid ratio, and the solid-liquid ratio of coarser powders above 12 μm should be based on the original solid-liquid ratio. Up by 10% ~ 30%.
负极材料石墨经 3 0 0 目振动筛选， 网上剩余的通常不宜 使用。 本发明中涉及的导电剂包括了石墨、 乙炔黑、 碳黑等。  The anode material graphite is screened by 300 mesh vibration, and the remaining ones on the Internet are usually not suitable for use. The conductive agent involved in the present invention includes graphite, acetylene black, carbon black, and the like.
上述物质的处理除石墨作为负极材料时需做高温处理外 ( 3 0 0 °C ~ 5 0 0 °C ) , 其余作烘烤处理的材料， 可以放置 在真空箱内作抽真空处理， 无需再作高温处理。  Except when graphite is used as the anode material, the above materials need to be treated at high temperature (300 ° C ~ 500 ° C). The rest of the materials used for baking treatment can be placed in a vacuum box for vacuum treatment, no need to For high temperature processing.
制造方法  Production method
锂离子动力电池的生产工艺流程为： 配料 - →涂布 - →制 片 - →滚压 - →卷绕并装配成内本体 ( 包括装壳、 封口 ） - → 注液 - →化成 - →分容。  The production process of lithium-ion power battery is as follows: batching-→ coating-→ tableting-→ rolling-→ winding and assembly into the inner body (including casing, sealing)-→ injection-→ chemical conversion-→ volumetric .
配料。 以上详细介绍了配料的过程， 在此就不赘述。  Ingredients. The process of ingredients has been described in detail above, and will not be repeated here.
涂布 （亦称拉浆） 。 正极的涂布与负极的涂布并无区别， 故不分别叙述： 将搅拌好的正极 （或负极） 浆料均勾涂覆在金 属箔集流体上， 经辊刀勾速拉出进入烘箱烘烤， 烘烤干后即成 为半成品集流片。 涂布中须注意不可有划痕， 露基体， 纵横方 向上的偏轻偏重等现象。  Coating (also known as pull pulp). There is no difference between the coating of the positive electrode and the coating of the negative electrode, so they are not described separately: The stirred positive electrode (or negative electrode) slurry is hook-coated on the metal foil current collector, pulled out by a roller knife into the oven and dried. After baking, it will become semi-finished current collector after baking. Care must be taken during coating to avoid scratches, exposed substrates, lightness and weight in the vertical and horizontal directions.
在涂布工艺中， 温度的控制非常重要： 预热区段的温度不 可太高， 通常选择的温度为 9 0 °C或以下， 中温区段的温度在 1 1 0 °C ~ 1 3 0 °C间， ± 1 0 。C、 高温区段的温度在 1 2 0 °C ~ 1 4 0 °C间， ± 1 0 。 在前述温度奈件下， 涂布烘烤 时， 负极浆料的温度可以较正极浆料的温度稍高约 1 0 ~ 1 5 °C , 以水为介质的浆料的温度可以较 N M P为介质的浆料的温 度稍高约 1 0 ~ 1 5 °C 。  In the coating process, the temperature control is very important: the temperature of the preheating section should not be too high, usually the temperature is selected at 90 ° C or below, and the temperature of the intermediate temperature section is between 1 10 ° C ~ 1 3 0 ° Between C, ± 10. C. The temperature of the high-temperature section is between 120 ° C and 140 ° C, ± 10. At the aforementioned temperature, the temperature of the negative electrode slurry can be slightly higher than the temperature of the positive electrode slurry by about 10 to 15 ° C during coating and baking, and the temperature of the slurry using water as a medium can be higher than that of NMP. The temperature of the slurry is slightly higher than about 10 ~ 15 ° C.
配制好的浆料涂布于金属箔上后， 无论正极抑或负极均须 从预热区段进入涂布机 （亦称拉浆机） 的烘干巷道， 绝对不可 倒置。 如果浆料 （尤其是负极浆料） 首先进入涂布机的高温区 段骤然高温烘烤， 表面很快烘干， 极易形成一层干壳， 稍一皱 折， 即形成龟裂细纹。 而干壳下的浆料则呈糖稀状， 与金属箔 间形成了一层肉眼看不见的液态膜， 浆料实际上只是虛附在金 属箔的表面， 因此极易脱粉， 甚至脱片 （即大片活性物质从金 属箔上脱落） ， 严重影响锂离子动力电池的电性能。 现行的涂 布工艺大多为单面涂布， 然后再涂布另一面； 但也可以双面同 时涂布。 适用本发明的正负极片可以在金属箔的两面涂布活性 物质， 也可以只在金属箔的单面涂布活性物质。 在此情况下， 单面涂布所选用的金属箔厚度须较前述的金属箔厚度要薄， 约 为前述金属箔厚度的 1 / 2 ~ 1 / 3 间。 After the prepared slurry is coated on the metal foil, both the positive electrode and the negative electrode must enter the drying tunnel of the coating machine (also known as the puller) from the preheating section. Upside down. If the slurry (especially the negative electrode slurry) first enters the high-temperature section of the coater and bakes suddenly at high temperature, the surface is dried quickly, and it is easy to form a dry shell, which is slightly wrinkled, which will form cracked fine lines. The slurry under the dry shell is sugar-smeared and forms a liquid film invisible to the naked eye between the metal foil. The slurry is actually virtually attached to the surface of the metal foil, so it is easy to remove powder and even flakes ( (Ie, large pieces of active material fall off the metal foil), which seriously affects the electrical performance of lithium-ion power batteries. Most of the current coating processes are single-sided coating, and then the other side is coated; however, double-sided coating can also be applied simultaneously. The positive and negative electrode sheets to which the present invention is applied may be coated with active materials on both sides of the metal foil, or may be coated with active materials only on one side of the metal foil. In this case, the thickness of the metal foil used for single-sided coating must be thinner than the thickness of the aforementioned metal foil, which is about 1/2 to 1/3 of the thickness of the aforementioned metal foil.
涂布工艺中的线速度控制也很重要。 在上述温度条件下， 线速度可以在每分钟 80 Omm ~ 5000mm 的范围内调整。 最佳的线 速度为每分钟 1200mm ~ 3500mm。  Line speed control in the coating process is also important. Under the above temperature conditions, the linear speed can be adjusted within the range of 80 Omm to 5000mm per minute. The best linear speed is 1200mm ~ 3500mm per minute.
涂布除可以传统的拉浆方式生产锂离子动力电池的极片 外， 还可以采用高压喷涂的方式。 在干燥的保护气体的一定压 力下， 浆料从高速喷嘴中均匀喷在金属箔上， 不但附着力更 好， 产能也明显提高。  In addition to coating, which can be used to produce pole pieces of lithium-ion power batteries in the traditional drawing method, high-pressure spraying can also be used. Under a certain pressure of the dry protective gas, the slurry is sprayed evenly on the metal foil from the high-speed nozzle, which not only has better adhesion, but also significantly increases the production capacity.
制片。 制作 （焊接） 极耳， 如果直接裁切极耳， 则无制作 焊接极耳工序。 裁切极片可以剪板机、 分切机或其他设备完 成  Production. Making (welding) the lugs, if the lugs are cut directly, there is no process of making the welding lugs. Cutting pole pieces can be completed by shears, slitters or other equipment
滚压。 滚压在锂离子动力电池生产工艺中的作用不可忽 视。 线压力过大， 不但导致极片变形， 还可能妨碍电解液的渗 透， 影响锂离子的嵌入脱出， 最终势必影响锂离子动力电池的 大功率充放电性能； 线压力过小， 则会影响活性物质对金属箔 的附着力， 影响电性能。 较为适中的线压力正极约为 1 0 0 ~ 1 8 0 kg/ C M, 负极约为 8 0 ~ 1 6 O kg/ C M。  Roll. The role of rolling in the production process of lithium-ion power batteries cannot be ignored. Excessive line pressure not only causes pole pieces to deform, but also impedes the penetration of the electrolyte and affects the insertion and extraction of lithium ions. It will eventually affect the high-power charge and discharge performance of lithium ion power batteries. If the line pressure is too small, it will affect active materials. Adhesion to metal foil affects electrical performance. The moderate line pressure of the positive electrode is about 100 to 180 kg / cm, and the negative electrode is about 80 to 16 kg / cm.
通常情况下， 正极在滚压前的厚度约为 1 7 0 μ m~ 2 7 0 μ m, 滚压后的厚度约为 1 1 0 μ πι~ 1 6 5 μ m; 负极滚压 前的厚度约为 1 8 5 μ m ~ 2 7 5 μ m, 滚压后 1 1 0 μ m~ 1 6 5 μ m。 惟当.正极极片的面积小于或等于 1 0 0 O mmx 5 0 0 mm 而又大于或等子 1 0 O mmx 5 0 mm 时， 正极滚压前的最 佳厚度为 1 9 5 μ m~ 2 3 5 μ m, 滚压后的最佳厚度为 1 3 5 μ πι~ 1 5 5 μ πι; 当负极极片的面积小于或等于 1 0 0 0 mm χ 5 0 0 mm 而又大于或等于 1 0 O mmx 5 0 mm 时， 负极滚压前 的最佳厚度为 2 2 0 μ m~ 2 5 0 μ m, 滚压后的最佳厚度为 1 3 5 μ ιη~ 1 5 5 μ ιη。 Under normal circumstances, the thickness of the positive electrode before rolling is about 170 μm to 27 μm, and the thickness of the positive electrode after rolling is about 110 μm to 16.5 μm; the thickness of the negative electrode before rolling Approx. 1 8 5 μm to 2 7 5 μm, after rolling, 1 10 μm to 16 5 μm. However, when the area of the positive electrode piece is less than or equal to 100 mm x 500 mm and greater than or equal to 100 mm x 50 mm, the optimal thickness of the positive electrode before rolling is 195 μm ~ 2 3 5 μ m, the optimal thickness after rolling is 1 3 5 μ π ~ 1 5 5 μ π; When the area of the negative pole piece is less than or equal to 1 0 0 0 mm χ 5 0 0 mm and greater than or equal to 1 0 0 mm x 5 0 mm, the optimal thickness of the negative pole before rolling The thickness is 220 μm to 250 μm, and the optimal thickness after rolling is 135 μm to 155 μm.
电池的組装。 装配时， 应首先将正极片放入袋状隔膜 1 9 中， 之后须将正极极耳整齐排列并联于内本体 7 的一端， 并用 集电夹板夹住， 负极极耳整齐排列并联于内本体的另一端， 亦 用集电夹板夹住。 正极片 1 3与负极片 1 2须间隔层叠置放即 向内折叠一张负极片再叠放一张正极片， 然后再向内折叠一张 负极片， 依次类推。  Battery assembly. When assembling, the positive electrode sheet should first be put into the bag-shaped separator 19, and then the positive electrode tabs must be arranged neatly in parallel to one end of the inner body 7 and clamped by the current collector plywood. The negative electrode tabs are arranged neatly in parallel with the inner body. The other end is also clamped with a current collector splint. The positive electrode sheet 1 and the negative electrode sheet 12 should be stacked and spaced apart, that is, fold one negative electrode sheet inward, then stack one positive electrode sheet, and then fold one negative electrode sheet inward, and so on.
装配时还须注意， 负极 1 2上如果加工有折叠线， 应将正 极 1 3 的侧重点端对齐负极 1 2 的向内折叠的折叠线 2 0的中 心线。  When assembling, please also note that if there is a fold line on the negative electrode 12, the side of the positive electrode 13 should be aligned with the center line of the inwardly folded fold line 20 of the negative electrode 12.
除非设计必须， 基于经济性考虑， 内本体最外层两侧通常 均为负极片。 换言之， 在特殊需要的情况下， 内本体最外层两 侧也可以是正极片。  Unless necessary for design, based on economic considerations, both sides of the outermost layer of the inner body are usually negative plates. In other words, in the case of special needs, both sides of the outermost layer of the inner body may also be positive electrode sheets.
单面涂布的正负极片装配时应将涂布有活性物质的一面各 自贴紧隔膜 1 9 ， 然后折叠成内本体 7 。  When assembling the single-side coated positive and negative electrode sheets, the side coated with the active material should be adhered to the separator 19 by itself, and then folded into the inner body 7.
正极极柱 4 与正极片 1 3相连接， 负极极柱 2与负极片 1 2相连接。 装配好的内本体须以隔膜紧密包裹或以聚乙烯、 聚 丙烯框夹紧。  The positive electrode post 4 is connected to the positive electrode sheet 1 3, and the negative electrode post 2 is connected to the negative electrode sheet 12. The assembled inner body must be tightly wrapped with a diaphragm or clamped with a polyethylene or polypropylene frame.
完成装配状态的内本体， 排除隔膜 1 9的厚度， 正极与负 极的间隙距离， 不得大于 2 5 μ m (正极与负极的最太间隙 = 隔膜厚度 + 2 5 μ m) ； 装配好的内本体最佳的长宽比为 6. 2 : 3. 8或 6 ： 4 。  Completely assembled inner body, excluding the thickness of the separator 19, and the gap between the positive electrode and the negative electrode must not be greater than 2 5 μm (the greatest gap between the positive electrode and the negative electrode = the thickness of the separator + 2 5 μm); the assembled inner body The best aspect ratio is 6.2: 3.8 or 6: 4.
为了 夹紧极耳， 无论整体式集电夹板抑或分体式集电夹 板， 集电夹板与极耳接触的表面均加工有凸起的棘刺。 通常而 言， 集电夹板的覆盖面应大于大叶极耳。 夹紧的方法也分为穿 孔夹和两边夹。 整体式集电夹板系在一整体金属上切割若干可 以被压缩而又能弹开的线槽， 将极耳塞入集电夹板 A或 D的线 槽中， 以金属螺栓 5 紧固即可。 分体式集电夹板 B或 C则以若 干相互独立的金属片通过串联杆 2 0串联起来， 分别夹住极耳 并以金属螺栓 5 紧固。 整体式集电夹板可以穿孔夹也可以两边 夹， 同样， 分体式集电夹板也可以穿孔夹或者两边夹。 从效率 和效果而言， 穿孔夹的效率和效果比两边夹的方式都要好一 些。 In order to clamp the tabs, whether the integral current collecting splint or the split type current collecting plywood, the surface of the current collecting plywood in contact with the tabs is processed with raised spines. In general, the coverage of the current collector plywood should be larger than the large leaf tab. The method of clamping is also divided into perforated clamps and two-sided clamps. The integrated current collector ply is cut on a solid metal into several wire grooves that can be compressed and can be springed off. The pole ears are inserted into the wire grooves of the current collector ply A or D and fastened with metal bolts 5. The split-type current collecting plywood B or C is connected in series by a plurality of independent metal pieces through a series rod 20, and clamps the tabs respectively and fastens them with metal bolts 5. Integral collector plywood can be perforated or both sides Similarly, the split collector plate can also be a perforated clip or a clip on both sides. In terms of efficiency and effectiveness, the efficiency and effectiveness of the punch clip are better than the two-sided clip method.
为了防止极耳与极柱连接的螺栓松动， 故需以固化胶将螺 栓固定。  In order to prevent the bolts connecting the pole ears and poles from loosening, the bolts need to be fixed with curing glue.
注液。 注液前必须抽出锂离子动力电池内腔中的常态空 气， 除尽内腔中的水分， 电池内腔须呈负压状态， 然后将适量 的电解液从安全阀口注入。 锂离子动力电池的注液量须根据其 容量计算， 注液量过大不但容易漏液， 且易引起鼓壳； 注液量 过小则易引起正、 负极活性物质的恶化。 锂离子动力电池的注 液量通常在 0 . 1 5 Ah/ g~ 0. 6 Ah/ g 的范围内调整； 最佳 的注液量在 0 . 2 Ah / g ~ 0. 3 5 Ah / g 之间。 注液的环境控 制非常重要， 故须在操作箱中或其他能够达到要求的环境中完 成注液。 因安全阀的卸压孔与盖板上的注液孔相通， 故注液通 常从安全阀的卸压孔注入； 也可以另行在外壳或盖板上加工注 液孔。  Inject fluid. Before injection, the normal air in the inner cavity of the lithium ion power battery must be drawn out. Except for the moisture in the inner cavity, the inner cavity of the battery must be in a negative pressure state, and then an appropriate amount of electrolyte is injected from the safety valve port. The injection volume of a lithium-ion power battery must be calculated based on its capacity. If the injection volume is too large, it will easily leak and cause the drum shell. If the injection volume is too small, it will easily cause the deterioration of the positive and negative electrode active materials. The injection volume of lithium ion power battery is usually adjusted within the range of 0.1 5 Ah / g ~ 0.6 Ah / g; the optimal injection volume is 0.2 Ah / g ~ 0.3 5 Ah / g between. The environmental control of the injection is very important, so the injection must be completed in the operation box or other environment that can meet the requirements. Because the pressure relief hole of the safety valve communicates with the liquid injection hole on the cover plate, the injection liquid is usually injected from the pressure relief hole of the safety valve; the liquid injection hole can also be processed on the housing or the cover plate separately.
锂离子动力电池在装入内本体及注液以后， 仍应保持一定 的空腔， 不可以为了缩小体积或节约外壳材料， 刻意以固体物 质或电解液充满锂离子动力电池的内腔。 视锂离子动力电池的 容量大小不同， 空腔约为内腔总容积的百分之一到十 （ 1 % ~ 1 0 % ) , 空腔可以保护气体充填。  After the lithium-ion power battery is installed in the inner body and filled with liquid, a certain cavity should still be maintained. In order to reduce the volume or save the shell material, the internal cavity of the lithium-ion power battery must be intentionally filled with solid substances or electrolyte. Depending on the capacity of the lithium-ion power battery, the cavity is about one to ten percent (1% to 10%) of the total volume of the internal cavity, and the cavity can be protected by gas filling.
化成。 化成是电池生产的最后关键。 大功率锂离子动电池 的化成原则必须是小电流、 低电压， 绝对不可以大电流， 较高 电压化成， 才能充分激活正、 负集流基体上的活性物质。 化成 工序必须一次性不间断地完成， 中途不可随意中止或停止。 化 成曲线应光滑连接， 电流应控制在 0. 0 1 ( / 1 0 小时 - → 0. 0 2 C / 5 小时— → 0. 0 5 C / 5 小时— → 0. 1 C / 4 小时 - → 0. 2 C / 1 小时， 恒流充满后转为恒压继续充， 务 求一次性充足。  Into. Formation is the last key to battery production. The formation principle of high-power lithium-ion batteries must be low current and low voltage. High current must never be formed. Higher voltage formation can fully activate the active materials on the positive and negative current collector substrates. The formation process must be completed uninterrupted at one time, and cannot be stopped or stopped at will. The formation curve should be smoothly connected, and the current should be controlled at 0. 0 1 (/ 1 0 hours-→ 0. 2 C / 5 hours — → 0. 0 5 C / 5 hours — → 0. 1 C / 4 hours-→ 0.2 C / 1 hour, after the constant current is full, it will be switched to constant pressure to continue charging, so as to ensure sufficient one time.
分容。 将电性能各项指标均符合工艺要求的电池与各项电 性能指标未达工艺要求的电池分别置放入库。  Divide. Put batteries with electrical performance indicators that meet the process requirements and batteries with electrical performance indicators that do not meet the process requirements, respectively.
以此方法制造的锂离子动力电池， 不仅可以满足大功率充 放电的要求， 而且可以避免动力电池内部热量聚集的问题。  The lithium ion power battery manufactured by this method can not only meet the requirements of high-power charge and discharge, but also avoid the problem of heat accumulation inside the power battery.

Claims

权利要求  Rights request
1. 一种可反复充放电的锂离子动力电池， 每个单体电池 由盖板 （ 1 ) 、 负极极柱 （ 2 ) 、 安全阀 （ 3 ) 、 正极极柱 1. A lithium-ion power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged. Each single battery consists of a cover plate (1), a negative pole (2), a safety valve (3), and a positive pole.
( 4 ) 、 电解液 （ 8 ) 、 外壳 （ 9 ) 組成， 正极极柱 （ 4 ) 与 正极 （ 1 3 ) 相连接， 负极极柱 （ 2 ) 则与负极 （ 1 2 ) 相连 接； 正极 （ 1 3 ) 选用一定厚度的铝箔， 两面均勾涂布正极活 性物质， 负极 （ 1 2 ) 选用一定厚度的铜箔， 两面均匀涂布负 极活性物质； 其特征在于： 内本体 （ 7 ) 系由一条较为狭长的 且可折叠的负极片 （ 1 2 ) 、 若干正极块片 （ 1 3 ) 与隔膜(4), electrolyte (8), and casing (9), the positive pole (4) is connected to the positive pole (1 3), and the negative pole (2) is connected to the negative pole (1 2); the positive pole (1) 3) Select a certain thickness of aluminum foil and coat the positive electrode active material on both sides. The negative electrode (1 2) choose a certain thickness of copper foil and evenly coat the negative electrode active material on both sides. It is characterized in that the inner body (7) A narrow and foldable negative electrode sheet (1 2), several positive electrode block sheets (1 3), and a separator
( 1 9 ) 共同构成具有多重积层结构， 正、 负极片顺序间隔置 放整齐的电极集合体； 正极 （ 1 3 ) 也可以为可相对往复折 叠、 形状狭长的展成片， 则负极 （ 1 2 ) 为块片； 正极或负极 过集电夹板 （ 6 ) 导出电流至极柱； 正极有一个或若干个极 柱， 负极有一个或若干个极柱， 正负极柱的数量可以相等也可 以不等、 极柱的直径可以相等也可以不等； 极柱的形状除可以 为圆柱形外， 亦可采用片状， 安装于外壳 （ 9 ) 的同一或不同 的任何表面上； 正负极片的形状除矩形外， 也可制成其他形 状； 正极片 （ 1 3 ) 与负极片 （ 1 2 ) 须间隔层叠置放； 内本 体 （ 7 ) 最外层两侧既可以为负极片， 也可以是正极片； 内本 体 （ 7 ) 须以隔膜紧密包裹或以聚乙烯、 聚丙烯框夹紧； 正极 极耳 （ 1 1 ) 整齐排列并联于内本体 （ 7 ) 的一端， 负极极耳(1 9) The electrode assembly having a multi-layered structure is formed together, and the positive and negative electrode sheets are arranged at regular intervals. The positive electrode (1 3) may also be a folded sheet that can be folded back and forth in a relatively narrow shape. The negative electrode (1 2) is a piece; the positive or negative electrode passes the current collecting splint (6) to lead the current to the electrode post; the positive electrode has one or several electrode posts, and the negative electrode has one or several electrode posts. The number of positive and negative electrode posts may be equal or not. The diameter of the poles can be equal or different. Besides the shape of the poles, the poles can also be sheet-shaped and mounted on the same or different surfaces of the casing (9). The shape can be made into other shapes besides the rectangle; the positive electrode sheet (1 3) and the negative electrode sheet (1 2) must be stacked and spaced apart; the inner body (7) can be either a negative electrode sheet or both sides of the outermost layer. The positive electrode sheet; the inner body (7) must be tightly wrapped with a diaphragm or clamped with a polyethylene or polypropylene frame; the positive electrode tabs (1 1) are neatly arranged in parallel to one end of the inner body (7), and the negative electrode tabs
( 1 0 ) 整齐排列并联于内本体的另一端； 正极 （ 1 3 ) 或负 极 （ 1 2 ) 可另行选用网状金属箔； 正极 （ 1 3 ) 的活性物质 既可以是钴酸锂， 也可以是锰酸锂、 镍酸锂或镍钴酸锂； 负极(1 0) neatly arranged in parallel to the other end of the inner body; the positive electrode (1 3) or the negative electrode (1 2) can be additionally selected with a mesh metal foil; the active material of the positive electrode (1 3) can be lithium cobaltate, or Is lithium manganate, lithium nickelate or lithium nickel cobaltate;
( 1 2 ) 的活性物质既可以是天然石墨， 也可以是鳞片石墨、 人造石墨或石油焦炭。 The active material of (1 2) may be either natural graphite, flake graphite, artificial graphite, or petroleum coke.
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的可反复充放电的锂离子动力电 池， 其特征在于： 正极 （ 1 3 ) 活性物质的密度每平方厘米为 0. 0 2 g ~ 0. 0 6 g, 最好为 0. 0 3 2 g~ 0. 0 4 2 g; 负极 ( 1 2 ) 活性物质的密度每平方厘米约为 0 · 0 1 g~ 0 · 0 3 g, 最好为 0 , 0 1 4 g~ 0. 0 2 1 g。 3、 根据权利要求 1所述的可反复充放电的锂离子动力电 池， 其特征在于： 单块的正极块片 （ 1 3 ) 没有折叠线； 形状 狭长且可以连续折叠的负极片 （ 1 2 ) 上有若干相反折向的折 叠线， 折叠线 （ 2 0 ) 向内折叠并须刮去相应的活性物质； 在 有需要的情况下， 正极 （ 1 3 ) 可以为连体块片并加工有折叠 线 （ 2 0 ) ; 负极 （ 1 2 ) 的折叠线 （ 2 0 ) 与折叠线 （ 2 0 - 1 ) 之间的面积， 稍大于正极 ( 1 3 ) 的面积， 并与相对应 的正极 （ 1 3 ) 组成为正负极片组； 负极 （ 1 2 ) 沿折叠线的 中心线相对折叠夹住正极 （ 1 3 ) 为内本体 （ 7 ) ； 正负极片 均可只在单面涂布活性物质； 单面涂布的正极 （ 1 3 ) 、 负极2. The lithium ion power battery capable of being repeatedly charged and discharged according to claim 1, characterized in that: the density of the positive electrode (1 3) active material per square centimeter is 0.02 g to 0.60 g, preferably 0. 0 3 2 g ~ 0. 0 4 2 g; the density of the negative electrode (1 2) is about 0 · 0 1 g ~ 0 · 0 3 g per square centimeter, preferably 0, 0 1 4 g ~ 0. 0 2 1 g. 3. The lithium ion power battery capable of being repeatedly charged and discharged according to claim 1, characterized in that: a single positive electrode piece (1 3) has no folding line; and a negative electrode piece (1 2) that has a narrow shape and can be continuously folded. There are several folding lines with opposite folding directions. The folding line (20) is folded inward and the corresponding active material must be scraped off. When necessary, the positive electrode (1 3) can be a conjoined piece and processed with folds. The area between the fold line (2 0) and the fold line (20-1) of the negative electrode (1 2) is slightly larger than the area of the positive electrode (1 3), and corresponds to the corresponding positive electrode (1 3) It is composed of a positive and negative electrode sheet group; the negative electrode (1 2) is relatively folded along the center line of the fold line and clamps the positive electrode (1 3) as the inner body (7); both positive and negative electrode sheets can be coated with active only on one side Substance; positive electrode (1 3), negative electrode coated on one side
( 1 2 ) 均为狭长的矩形片并都加工有折叠线 （ 2 0 ) 。 (1 2) are both long and narrow rectangular pieces and are all processed with folding lines (2 0).
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的可反复充放电的锂离子动力电 池， 其特征在于： 负极 （ 1 2 ) 上的大叶极耳为相邻极耳， 折 叠后相邻极耳可以重合； 相邻的大叶极耳亦可以为连体极耳； 连体块片的正极 （ 1 3 ) 的大叶极耳为相邻极耳， 亦可以为连 体极耳； 单面涂布的正极 （ 1 3 ) 的大叶极耳为可以重合的相 邻极耳， 也可以成为连体极耳； 正负极片上的大叶极耳如杲从 同一方向或同一侧端引 出， 大叶单极耳的最大宽度不得大于大 叶极耳所在的那条边的边长的一半； 正负极片上的大叶极耳如 果从同一方向或同一侧端引 出， 大叶单极耳的中心线位置应位 于叠层式极片的边长上约 1 / 4处或 3 / 4处； 正负极的大叶 极耳可以各自从极片的不同方向的侧端引 出， 从极片不同方向 的侧端引 出的大叶极耳， 其最大宽度可以与大叶极耳所在的那 条边等长； 大叶极耳除可以直接裁切外， 还可以另行制作并于 极片滚压后焊接在极片上， 最好采用焊接大叶极耳； 大叶极耳 的形状可以为方形、 长方形、 半圆形、 梯形或其他有利于导 流、 散热的形状， 最佳形状为带有 R角的梯形； 极耳根部与极 片的连接处既可以为清角连接也可以为光滑圆弧连接； 大叶极 耳既可以为扬头式， 也可以为藏头式； 扬头式或藏头式大叶极 耳既可以在矩形片的长边上， 也可以在矩形片的短边上； 还可 以加大折叠线 （ 2 0 ) 的宽度并刮去折叠线处相应的正反两面 的活性物质使其成为大叶极耳。 5、 根据权利要求 1 所述的可反复充放电的锂离子动力电 池， 其特征在于： 通常情况下， 大叶极耳的最大高度不大于其 自身宽度， 最好小于其宽度。 4. The lithium ion power battery capable of being repeatedly charged and discharged according to claim 1, characterized in that: the large leaf tabs on the negative electrode (1 2) are adjacent tabs, and the folded adjacent tabs can overlap; The adjacent large leaf tabs can also be conjoined tabs; the large leaf tabs of the positive electrode (1 3) of the conjoined piece are adjacent tabs, or they can be conjoined tabs; the single-sided coated positive electrode ( The large leaf poles of 1 3) are adjacent pole ears that can be superimposed, or they can also become conjoined pole ears; the large leaf pole ears on the positive and negative electrodes are drawn from the same direction or the same side, and the large leaf pole pole ears The maximum width of the leaf should not be more than half of the side length of the side where the large leaf tab is located. If the large leaf tabs on the positive and negative electrodes are led from the same direction or the same side, the center line position of the large leaf monopole should be Laminated pole pieces are approximately 1/4 or 3/4 on the side length; the large leaf tabs of the positive and negative poles can be drawn from the side ends of the pole pieces in different directions, and from the side ends of the pole pieces in different directions. Large leaf pole ears, whose maximum width can be as long as the side where the large leaf pole ears are located; In addition to direct cutting, it can also be made separately and welded on the pole pieces after rolling. It is best to use large leaf poles; the shape of the large leaf poles can be square, rectangular, semi-circular, trapezoidal or other The shape that is good for diversion and heat dissipation, the best shape is a trapezoid with an R angle; the connection between the root of the pole ear and the pole piece can be either a clear angle connection or a smooth arc connection; the large leaf pole ear can be Yang The head type can also be a hidden head type; the raised or hidden head large leaf pole ears can be on the long side of the rectangular sheet or the short side of the rectangular sheet; you can also increase the folding line (2 0 ) And scrape the active material on both sides of the fold line to make it a large leaf ear. 5. The lithium ion power battery capable of being repeatedly charged and discharged according to claim 1, characterized in that: in general, the maximum height of the large leaf tab is not larger than its own width, and preferably smaller than its width.
6、 根据权利要求 1 所述的可反复充放电的锂离子动力电 池， 其特征在于： 整体式集电夹板上有若干可以被压缩而又能 弹开的线槽； 分体式集电夹板系以若干相互独立的金属片通过 串联杆 （ 2 0 ) 串联； 无论整体式集电夹板抑或分体式集电夹 板， 集电夹板应覆盖极耳， 其与极耳接触的表面上加工有凸起 的棘刺。  6. The lithium ion power battery capable of being repeatedly charged and discharged according to claim 1, characterized in that: the integrated current collecting ply has a plurality of wire grooves which can be compressed and spring apart; the split current collecting ply is Several independent metal pieces are connected in series through a series rod (20); whether the integrated current collector plywood or the split current collector plywood, the current collector plywood should cover the tabs, and the surface in contact with the tabs has raised thorns .
7、 根据权利要求 1 所述的可反复充放电的锂离子动力电 池， 其特征在于： 隔膜 （ 1 9 ) 采用具有微孔结构且电流切断 温度低的 1 5 μ m~ 8 0 μ m 厚度的聚乙烯或聚丙烯材料； 隔 膜通常制成适应双面涂布且可以三面热封、 也可只热封相邻的 两边的袋状隔膜 （ 1 9 ) ; 隔膜 （ 1 9 ) 亦可制成为适宜单面 涂布的狭长的矩形片； 隔膜 （ 1 9 ) 的面积无论长或宽均大于 正负极片， 除极耳外， 隔膜 （ 19 ) 必须将正极片 （ 1 3 ) 或负 极片 （ 1 2 ) 四周完全遮蔽住， 不可露出边缘， 以防短路； 当 充放电要求 1 C ~ 2 C时， 隔膜 （ 1 9 ) 的最佳厚度为 2 Ο μ m~ 4 0 μ m; 充放电要求 3 C或更大时， 隔膜的最佳厚度为 4 0 μ m或以上。  7. The lithium ion power battery capable of being repeatedly charged and discharged according to claim 1, characterized in that: the separator (19) is made of a microporous structure with a low current cut-off temperature of 15 μm to 80 μm. Polyethylene or polypropylene material; The diaphragm is usually made of a bag-shaped diaphragm (1 9) that is suitable for double-sided coating and can be heat-sealed on three sides, or can only heat-seal the adjacent two sides; the diaphragm (19) can also be made suitable A long and narrow rectangular sheet coated on one side; the area of the separator (1 9) is larger than the positive and negative electrodes, both in length and width. Except for the ears, the separator (19) must have either the positive electrode (1 3) or the negative electrode (1) 2) The surrounding area is completely shielded, and the edges must not be exposed to prevent short circuits. When the charge and discharge requirements are 1 C ~ 2 C, the optimal thickness of the diaphragm (19) is 2 0 μm to 4 0 μm; the charge and discharge requirements are 3 At C or more, the optimal thickness of the separator is 40 μm or more.
8、—种用于可反复充放电的锂离子动力电池的安全阀， 其 特征在于： 其中的压簧 （ 2 5 ) 装于调节螺栓 （ 2 3 ) 的内孔 中， 调节螺栓的内孔用于保持压簧、 密封钢球 （ 2 2 ) 的稳 定， 压簧 （ 2 5 ) 可在调节螺栓的内孔中纵向上下滑移， 密封 钢球 （ 2 2 ) 可在调节螺栓的内孔中纵向上下滑移， 调节螺栓 的外径上加工有与安全阀本体 （ 2 1 ) 相配的螺纹； 调节螺栓 加工有若干竖向的排气槽 （ 2 4 ) ， 在排气槽的下部则开有排 气孔 （ 2 8 ) ; 压簧 （ 2 5 ) 压在钢球的上部， 密封钢球 （ 2 2 ) 的下部孔则陷压在盖板注液口上的氟橡胶圏 （ 2 6 ) 上； 安全阀底部的卸压孔与盖板 （ 1 ) 上的注液孔相通； 压簧 8. A safety valve for a lithium ion power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, characterized in that the compression spring (2 5) is installed in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt (2 3), and the inner hole of the adjustment bolt is used for In order to maintain the stability of the compression spring and the sealing steel ball (2 2), the compression spring (2 5) can slide down vertically in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt, and the sealing steel ball (2 2) can longitudinally move in the inner hole of the adjustment bolt Up and down, the outer diameter of the adjustment bolt is processed with threads that match the safety valve body (2 1); the adjustment bolt is processed with a number of vertical exhaust grooves (2 4). The air hole (2 8); the compression spring (2 5) is pressed on the upper part of the steel ball, and the lower hole of the sealed steel ball (2 2) is trapped on the fluorine rubber 圏 (2 6) on the injection port of the cover plate; safety The pressure relief hole at the bottom of the valve is in communication with the liquid injection hole on the cover plate (1);
( 25 ) 也可以反弓弹片 （ 3 0 ) 代替， 反弓弹片 （ 3 0 ) 装于 调节螺栓 （ 2 3 ) 的下部， 调节螺栓加工有与安全阀本体 （ 2 1 ) 相配的螺纹， 通过拧动钥匙孔 （ 2 7 ) 调整反弓弹片的张 力； 安全阀本体内加工有一长方形的排气槽 （ 3 1 ) , 反弓弹 片 （ 3 0 ) 可以在排气槽内上下弹动而不可水平转动； 密封钢 球 （ 2 2 ) 在安全阀本体的保持架内可以纵向上下滑移， 反弓 弹片 （ 3 0 ) 上加工有工艺装配孔 （ 3 3 ) , 扣压在钢球的上 部， 密封钢球 （ 2 2 ) 的下部孔则陷压在盖板注液口上的氟橡 胶圏 （ 2 6 ) 上； 安全阀底部的卸压孔与盖板 （ 1 ) 上的注液 孔相通； 安全阀本体 （ 2 1 ) 上可以另行加工有排气小孔 （ 3 5 ) ； 密封钢球则可以加工为带有水平横槽的球体 （ 2 2 -(25) It can also be replaced by a reverse bow spring (30). The reverse bow spring (30) is installed on the lower part of the adjustment bolt (23). The adjustment bolt is machined with a thread matching the safety valve body (21). Move the keyhole (2 7) to adjust the tension of the anti-bow spring There is a rectangular exhaust groove (3 1) in the body of the safety valve, and the anti-bend spring (30) can bounce up and down in the exhaust groove without being able to rotate horizontally. The sealed steel ball (2 2) is in the body of the safety valve. The cage can be slid up and down longitudinally. The anti-bend spring (30) is processed with a process assembly hole (33), which is buckled on the upper part of the steel ball, and the lower hole of the sealed steel ball (2 2) is trapped on the cover. The fluororubber 圏 (2 6) on the plate injection port; the pressure relief hole at the bottom of the safety valve communicates with the liquid injection hole on the cover plate (1); the safety valve body (2 1) can be additionally processed with a small exhaust hole (3 5); the sealed steel ball can be processed into a sphere with horizontal transverse grooves (2 2-
1 ) ， 氟橡胶圏 （ 2 6 - 1 ) 箍紧在密封钢球 （ 2 2 - 1 ) 上 的水平横槽中； 密封钢球 （ 2 2 ) 可加工为密封锥台 （ 2 2 -1), Viton (2 6-1) hoop tightly in the horizontal groove on the sealing steel ball (2 2-1); the sealing steel ball (2 2) can be processed into a sealing cone (2 2-
2 ) ； 密封锥台 （ 2 2 - 3 ) 可以加工一水平横槽， 氟橡胶圏 ( 2 6 - 2 ) 则箍紧在密封锥台 （ 2 2 - 3 ) 上的水平横槽 中； 安全阀可安装于外壳 （ 9 ) 的任何表面上； 较大容量的锂 离子动力电池， 可以在同一个侧表面或不同的侧表面安装若干 个安全阀； 通常情况下， 安全阀 （ 3 ) 与极柱既可以安装在外 壳 （ 9 ) 的同一个表面上， 也可以安装在不同的表面上。 2); The sealing frustum (2 2-3) can process a horizontal horizontal groove, and the fluoro rubber 圏 (2 6-2) is hooped in the horizontal lateral groove on the sealing frustum (2 2-3); safety valve It can be installed on any surface of the casing (9); a large-capacity lithium-ion power battery can install several safety valves on the same side surface or different side surfaces; usually, the safety valve (3) and the pole It can be installed on the same surface of the housing (9) or on different surfaces.
9、 一种可反复充放电的锂离子动力电池的制造方法， 其 特征在于， 包括以下步骤：  9. A method for manufacturing a lithium-ion power battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, which comprises the following steps:
( 1 ) 配料， 包括以下各种方法：  (1) Ingredients, including the following methods:
A、 以循序配制法配制以 NM P为介质的正极浆料， 所需材料为： P V D F (聚偏二氟乙烯） 2. 5 % ~ 3. 5 %、 钴酸锂 9 3 % ~ 9 5 %、 导电剂石墨 1 % ~ 2 %或乙炔黑 0. 5 % ~ 1 %、 碳黑 2 % ~ 3 %； N M P的用量受钴酸锂粒径大 小、 粒度分布的制约， 通常情况下的固液比 == 1 ( 固含量） ： 0. 3 - 1 ( N M P ) ； 最佳的固液比 = 1 : 0. 3 5 ~ 0. 7 ； P V D F、 石墨 （或乙炔黑） 、 碳黑均需在约 1 2 0 。C烘箱内 烘烤约 2 ~ 3 小时； 将 P V D F加入 NM P搅拌约 3 ~ 4 小时 后， 加入导电剂石墨 （或乙炔黑） 、 碳黑搅拌约 0. 5 ~ 1 小 时， 最后加入钴酸锂搅拌约 2. 5 ~ 4 小时成粘稠的浆状；  A. The sequential preparation method is used to prepare the positive electrode slurry with NM P as the medium. The required materials are: PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) 2.5% to 3.5%, lithium cobaltate 93% to 95% 1, graphite conductive agent 1% ~ 2% or acetylene black 0.5% ~ 1%, carbon black 2% ~ 3%; the amount of NMP is limited by the particle size and particle size distribution of lithium cobaltate, usually solid-liquid Ratio == 1 (solid content): 0.3-1 (NMP); optimal solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0.3. 5 to 0.7; PVDF, graphite (or acetylene black), and carbon black all need to be in About 1 2 0. B oven for about 2 to 3 hours; add PVDF to NM P and stir for about 3 to 4 hours, then add conductive agent graphite (or acetylene black), carbon black and stir for about 0.5 to 1 hour, and finally add lithium cobaltate Stir for about 2.5 to 4 hours to form a thick paste;
A - 2 , 以循序配制法配制以水为介质的正极浆料， 所需材料为： C M C 0. 6 % ~ 0. 9 %、 S B R实际固含量 2 % ~ 4 %、 导电剂石墨 1 % ~ 2 %或乙炔黑 0. 5 % ~ 1 %、 碳黑 1 · 5 % ~ 3 %、 钴酸锂 9 3 % ~ 9 5 %； 水 （去离子 水、 蒸馏水、 纯净水） 的用量为所有前述物质总量的 4 0 % ~ 1 3 0 %即固液比 = 1 ： 0 · 4 ~ 1 . 3 ； 通常情况下， 最佳的 固液比 = 1 : 0. 6 ~ 1 ; S B R可以用 P T F E代替； 将 C M C加入水中搅拌约 3 ~ 4 小时后将 S B R加入其中搅拌约 0. 5 ~ 1 小时， 再将导电剂石墨 （或乙炔黑） 、 碳黑加入搅拌约 0. 5 ~ 1 小时， 最后加入钴酸锂搅拌约 2. 5 ~ 4小时成较为 粘稠的浆状， 筛去团聚物和其他杂质； A-2, using the sequential preparation method to prepare the positive electrode slurry with water as the medium, the required materials are: CMC 0.6% ~ 0.9%, SBR actual solid content 2% ~ 4%, conductive agent graphite 1% ~ 2% or acetylene black 0.5% to 1%, carbon black 1.5% to 3%, lithium cobaltate 93% to 95%; water (deionized The amount of water, distilled water, purified water) is 40% ~ 130% of the total amount of all the aforementioned substances, that is, the solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0 · 4 ~ 1.3; usually, the best solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0. 6 ~ 1; SBR can be replaced by PTFE; CMC is added to water and stirred for about 3 to 4 hours, then SBR is added to it and stirred for about 0.5 to 1 hour, and then conductive agent graphite (or acetylene black), carbon Add black and stir for about 0.5 to 1 hour, and finally add lithium cobaltate and stir for about 2.5 to 4 hours to form a thicker slurry, sieve out agglomerates and other impurities;
A - 3、 以干法配制以 N M P为介质的正极浆料， 所 需材料为： P V D F 2. 5 % ~ 3. 5 %、 钴酸锂 9 3 % ~ 9 5 %、 导电剂石墨 1 . 5 % ~ 2 % (或乙炔黑 0. 8 % ~ 1 . 2 % ) 、 碳黑 2 % ~ 3 % , NM P的用量受钴酸锂粒径大小、 粒 度分布的制约， 为所有前述物质总量的 3 5 % ~ 9 0 %即固液 比 = 1 ( 固含量） ： 0. 3 ~ 1 ， 最佳的固液比 = 1 ： 0. 3 5 ~ 0. 7 ; P V D F、 石墨 （或乙炔黑） 、 碳黑均需在约 1 2 0 °C烘箱内烘烤 2 ~ 3 小时； 将钴酸锂、 导电剂石墨 （或乙炔 黑 ) 、 碳黑放入混料机内搅拌 3 小时； 同时将 P V D F与 NM P搅拌约 2 小时， 待其完全溶解后 （清浆） ， 即将混料机搅拌 后的混合粉料放入经过搅拌的 P V D F与 NM P的清浆内继续 搅拌约 3 小时成粘稠的浆状；  A-3. Dry preparation of positive electrode slurry with NMP as the medium, the required materials are: PVDF 2.5% ~ 3.5%, lithium cobaltate 93% ~ 95%, conductive agent graphite 1.5 % ~ 2% (or acetylene black 0.8% ~ 1.2%), carbon black 2% ~ 3%, the amount of NM P is restricted by the particle size and particle size distribution of lithium cobaltate, which is the total amount of all the aforementioned substances 35% ~ 90% of the solid-liquid ratio = 1 (solid content): 0.3 ~ 1, the optimal solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0.3 5 ~ 0.7; PVDF, graphite (or acetylene black) ), Carbon black need to be baked in an oven at about 120 ° C for 2 to 3 hours; put lithium cobaltate, conductive agent graphite (or acetylene black), carbon black into the mixer and stir for 3 hours; at the same time PVDF and NM P are stirred for about 2 hours. After it is completely dissolved (slurry), put the mixed powder after mixing by the mixer into the stirred slurry of PVDF and NM P and continue to stir for about 3 hours to become thick. Pasty
A - 4、 以干法配制以水为介质的正极浆料， 所需材 料为： C M C 0. 6 % ~ 0. 9 %、 S B R实际固含量 2 % ~ 4 %、 导电剂石墨 1 % ~ 2 %或乙炔黑 0. 5 % ~ 1 %、 碳黑 1. 5 % ~ 3 %、 钴酸锂 9 3 % ~ 9 5 %； 水 （去离子水、 蒸馏 水、 纯净水） 的用量为所有前述物质总量的 4 0 % ~ 1 3 0 % 即固液比 = 1 ： 0. 4 ~ 1. 3 ； 通常情况下， 最佳的固液比 = 1 : 0. 6 - 0. 1 ; 将钴酸锂、 导电剂石墨 （或乙炔黑 ） 、 碳 黑放入混料机内搅拌约 3 小时； 同时将 C M C与水搅拌约 3 小 时， 待其完全溶解后成为清浆， 即将混料机搅拌后的混合粉料 放入经过搅拌的 C M C与水的清浆内继续搅拌约 3 小时成粘稠 的浆状， 最后筛去团聚物和其他杂质；  A-4. Dry preparation of the positive electrode slurry with water as the medium, the required materials are: CMC 0.6% ~ 0.9%, SBR actual solid content 2% ~ 4%, conductive agent graphite 1% ~ 2 % Or acetylene black 0.5% to 1%, carbon black 1.5% to 3%, lithium cobaltate 93% to 95%; the amount of water (deionized water, distilled water, purified water) is all the aforementioned substances 40% ~ 130% of the total amount means that the solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0.4 to 1.3; under normal circumstances, the optimal solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0.6-0.1; the cobalt acid Lithium, conductive agent graphite (or acetylene black), carbon black are placed in the mixer and stirred for about 3 hours; at the same time, the CMC and water are stirred for about 3 hours. After it is completely dissolved, it will become a clear slurry, that is, after the mixer is stirred, Put the mixed powder into the clear slurry of CMC and water after stirring and continue to stir for about 3 hours to form a thick slurry, and finally sieve out agglomerates and other impurities;
B、 配制以 NM P为介质的负极浆料， 所需材料为： 石墨 9 3 % ~ 9 5 %、 P V D F 5 % ~ 7 %、 N M P为所有前 述物质总量的 8 0 % - 1 5 0 %即固液比 = 1 : 0 . 8 - 1 . 5 ； 最佳的固液比 = 1 : 1 ~ 1. 3 ; P V D F、 需在温度约 1B. Preparation of negative electrode slurry with NM P as the medium, the required materials are: graphite 93% ~ 95%, PVDF 5% ~ 7%, NMP is 80%-150% of the total amount of all the foregoing substances That is, the solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0. 8-1. 5; The best solid-liquid ratio = 1: 1 ~ 1.3; PVDF, need to be at about 1
2 0 °C的烘箱内烘烤 2 ~ 3 小时， 石墨则需在 3 0 0 °C ~ 5 0 0 Ό温度烘烤 4 - 8 小时； 负极材料经 3 2 5 目振动筛选， 网 上剩余的通常不宜使用； 将 P V D F加入 NM P搅拌约 3 ~ 4 小时， 再将经 3 2 5 目 筛网振动筛选备用的石墨加入搅拌约Bake in an oven at 20 ° C for 2 to 3 hours. Graphite needs to be baked at 300 ° C to 50 ° C for 4 to 8 hours. The anode material is screened by 3 2 5 mesh vibration. Not suitable for use; add PVDF to NM P and stir for about 3 to 4 hours, and then add spare graphite that has been screened through a 3 2 5 mesh screen and stir for about
3 ~ 小时成粘稠的桨状； 3 ~ hours into a thick paddle;
B - 1 、 配制以水为介质的负极浆料， 所需材料为： 石墨 9 3 % ~ 9 5 %、 C M C 0. 8 % ~ 1. 5 %、 S B R固含 量 2 % ~ 4 %、 水 （去离子水、 蒸馏水、 纯净水） 为所有前述 物质总量的 8 0 % - 1 6 0 %即固液比 = 1 : 0. 8 ~ 1 . 6 ; 最佳的固液比 = 1 : 1 ~ 1 . 3 ; C M C需在 1 2 0 °( 温度下烘 烤 2 ~ 3 小时， 石墨则需在 3 0 0 °C ~ 5 0 0 °C温度烘烤 4 ~ B-1. To prepare the negative electrode slurry with water as the medium, the required materials are: graphite 93% ~ 95%, CMC 0.8% ~ 1.5%, SBR solid content 2% ~ 4%, water ( Deionized water, distilled water, purified water) is 80%-160% of the total amount of all the aforementioned substances, that is, the solid-liquid ratio = 1: 0.8 to 1.6; the optimal solid-liquid ratio = 1 to 1 to 1.3; CMC should be baked at 120 ° C for 2 ~ 3 hours, graphite should be baked at 300 ° C ~ 500 ° C for 4 ~
8 小时； S B R可以用 P T F E代替； 负极材料经 3 0 0 目振 动筛选， 网上剩佘的通常不宜使用； 将 C M C加入水中搅拌约8 hours; S B R can be replaced by P T F E; the anode material is screened by 300 mesh vibration, the leftovers on the Internet are generally not suitable for use; add C M C to water and stir for about
3 ~ 4 小时后将 S B R (或 P T F E ) 加入其中搅拌约 0 .After 3 ~ 4 hours, add S B R (or P T F E) to it and stir for about 0.
5 ~ 1 小时， 最后将烘烤后并经 3 2 5 目 筛选备用的石墨加入 搅拌约 3 ~ 小时成粘稠的浆状； 5 to 1 hour. Finally, add graphite after baking and sieve through 3 2 5 mesh. Stir for about 3 to 1 hour to form a thick paste.
正极材料的粒径可以在 2 μ m~ 1 2 μ m 范围内选用， 最 佳的粒径应为 5 μ m~ 8 μ m; 正极材料的粒度分布过细或过粗 的粉体的总和通常不超过 40%； 2 μ m 以下的微细粉体的固液 比应在原固液比基础上加大 20% ~ 50% , 1 2 μ m 以上的较粗 粉体的固液比则应在原固液比基础上减小 10% ~ 30%； 在正 极的配制中， 选用的导电剂材料的粒径须等于或小于正极材料 的粒径；  The particle size of the positive electrode material can be selected in the range of 2 μm to 12 μm, and the optimal particle size should be 5 μm to 8 μm; the total particle size distribution of the positive electrode material is usually not too fine or too coarse. More than 40%; the solid-liquid ratio of fine powders below 2 μm should be increased by 20% to 50% based on the original solid-liquid ratio, and the solid-liquid ratio of coarser powders above 1 μm should be in the original solid-liquid ratio 10% ~ 30% lower than the base; in the preparation of the positive electrode, the particle size of the conductive material selected must be equal to or smaller than the particle size of the positive electrode material;
( 2 ) 涂布： 将搅拌好的正极或负极浆料均 涂覆在金属 箔集流体上， 经辊刀勾速拉出进入烘箱烘烤， 烘烤千后即成为 半成品集流片； 涂布中须注意不可有划痕， 露基体， 纵横方向 上的偏轻偏重等现象； 无论正极抑或负极， 配制好的浆料涂布 于金属箔上后均须从预热区段进入涂布机的烘干巷道， 绝对不 可倒置； 预热区段的温度通常为 9 0 °C或以下， 中温区段的温 度在 1 1 0 ~ 1 3 0 。C间， ± 1 0 、 高温区段的温度在 1 2 0 °C ~ 1 4 0 间， ± 1 0 Ό; 在前述温度条件下， 涂布烘 烤时， 负极浆料的温度可以较正极浆料的温度稍高 1 0 °C ~ 1 5 。C , 以水为介质的浆料温度可以较 NM P为介盾的浆料温度 稍高 1 0 °C ~ 1 5 °C； 涂布的线速度可以在每分钟 8 0 0 mm ~ 5 0 0 0 mm 的范围内调整； 最佳的线速度为每分钟 1 2 0 0 mm- 3 5 0 0 mm; 涂布后的正极 ( 1 3 ) 的活性物质的密度每 平方厘米为 0. 0 28~ 0. 0 6 ， 最佳密度每平方厘米则为 0. 0 3 2 g ~ 0. 0 4 2 g; 涂布后负极 （ 1 2 ) 的活性物质的密 度每平方厘米约为 0. 0 1 g~ 0. 0 3 g, 最佳密度每平方厘米 为 0 · 0 1 4 g~ 0. 0 2 1 g; 既可以单面涂布， 可以双面同时 涂布； 单面涂布活性物质， 装配时须将同极的极片背面相贴成 为两面均有活性物质的集电体； 单面涂布所选用的金属箔厚度 须较前述的金属 厚度要薄； (2) Coating: The stirred positive electrode or negative electrode slurry is coated on the metal foil current collector, pulled out by a roller knife into the oven and baked, and becomes a semi-finished current collecting sheet after being baked for a thousand times; coating It must be noted that there must be no scratches, exposed substrates, lightness and weight in the vertical and horizontal directions, etc. Regardless of the positive or negative electrode, the prepared slurry must enter the coating machine from the preheating section after coating on the metal foil. The drying roadway must not be inverted; the temperature of the preheating zone is usually 90 ° C or below, and the temperature of the medium temperature zone is between 110 and 130. Between C, ± 10, the temperature in the high-temperature section is between 120 ° C ~ 140, ± 10 Ό; under the aforementioned temperature conditions, the temperature of the negative electrode slurry can be higher than that of the positive electrode slurry during coating and baking. Material temperature is slightly higher than 10 ° C ~ 1 5. C, the temperature of the slurry with water as the medium can be slightly higher than the temperature of the slurry with the NM P as the shield temperature of 10 ° C ~ 15 ° C; the linear speed of the coating can be 80 mm ~ 5 0 0 per minute 0 mm adjustment; the best linear speed is 1 2 0 0 mm- 3 5 0 0 mm per minute; the density of the active material of the coated positive electrode (1 3) per square centimeter is 0. 0 2 8 ~ 0. 0 6, the optimal density per square centimeter is 0. 0 3 2 g ~ 0. 0 4 2 g; the density of the active material of the negative electrode (1 2) after coating is about 0. 0 1 g ~ 0. 0 3 g, the optimal density per square centimeter is 0 · 0 1 4 g ~ 0. 0 2 1 g; both can be coated on one side, can be coated on both sides simultaneously; active material is coated on one side, When assembling, the back of the pole pieces of the same pole must be adhered to form a current collector with active materials on both sides. The thickness of the metal foil used for single-sided coating must be thinner than the aforementioned metal thickness
( 3) 制片： 正极 （ 1 3 ) 裁切为带有大叶单极耳或大叶多 极耳的矩形片并刮去极耳 （ 1 1 ) 处的浆料； 负极 （ 1 2 ) 裁 切为带有大叶单极耳或大叶多极耳的矩形片并刮去极耳 （ 1 0 ) 处的浆料； 负极片 （ 1 2 ) 上加工有若干相反折向的折叠 线， 向内的折叠线 （ 2 0 ) 须刮去涂布于集流体上的活性物 质； 负极片上的极耳为相邻极耳， 折叠后相邻极耳可以重合， 亦可以连结为一体； 正极片 （ 1 3 ) 上则无须加工折叠线； 折 叠线有一定的宽度， 装配时须将负极 （ 1 2 ) 沿折叠线的中心 线折叠起来夹住正极 （ 1 3 ) ， 负极 （ 1 2 ) 相对折叠成为内 本体 （ 7 ) ； 可以加大折叠线 （ 2 0 ) 的宽度并刮去折叠线处 相应的正反两面的活性物质使其成为大叶极耳； 制作极耳的方 法除裁切外， 可以滚切或剪切冲压的方式直接加工出成型的极 片； 除可以直接裁切外， 大叶极耳还可以另行制作并于正负极 片滚压后焊接在正负极片上， 最好采用焊接的大叶极耳； 大叶 极耳的最大宽度小于极耳所在的那条边长的一半 （ 1 / 2 ) , 从不同方向或侧端引 出的大叶极耳， 其最大宽度可以与极耳所 在的那条边等长； 大叶极耳的最大高度不大于其自身宽度， 最 好小于其宽度； 但是在特殊需要的前提下， 大叶极耳的最小宽 度， 可以小于其高度； 正负极片上的极耳如果从同一方向引 出， 大叶单极耳的中心线位置应位于叠层式极片的边长上约 1 / 4 处或 3 / 4 处； 大叶单极耳的内缘线应靠近极片的中心 线； 大叶极耳的形状可以为方形、 长方形、 半圆形、 #形或其 他有利于导流、 散热的形状， 最佳的极耳形状为带有 R圆角的 梯形极耳； 大叶极耳的根部与极片的连接处可以为清角连接， 也可以为光滑圆孤连接； 大叶极耳可以加工为扬头式 （ 1 0 / 1 1 ) ， 也可以为藏头式 （ 1 7 / 1 8 ) ; 扬头式或藏头式大 叶极耳既可以在矩形片的长边上， 也可以在矩形片的短边上； 外壳 （ 9 ) 上通常只装配一个正极柱、 一个负极柱； 较大容量 的锂离子动力电池则可以安装若干个极柱， 正负极柱的数量可 以相等， 也可以不等； 在需要快速大功率充放电的情况下， 正 负极柱的数量应当相等； 在需要快速大功率充电而无需大功率 放电的情况下， 负极极柱的数量可以与正极极柱的数量相等或 大于正极极柱的数量； 在需要大功率放电而无需快速大功率充 电的情况下， 正极极柱的数量可以与负极极柱的数量相等或大 于负极极柱的数量； 也可以调整极柱的直径来满足上述需要， 在需要快速大功率充放电的情况下， 正负极柱的直径应当相 等； 在需要快速大功率充电而无需大功率放电的情况下， 负极 极柱的直径可以与正极极柱的直径相等或大于正极极柱的直 极柱的直径可以与负极极柱的直径相等 <或大于负极极柱的直 径； (3) Production: The positive electrode (1 3) is cut into a rectangular piece with large leaf monopole or large leaf multipole and scrapes off the slurry at the pole (1 1); the negative electrode (1 2) is cut Cut into rectangular pieces with large-leaf monopoles or large-leaf multipoles and scrape off the slurry at the poles (1 0); the negative electrode (1 2) is processed with several fold lines in opposite directions. The inner folding line (20) must be scraped off the active material coated on the current collector; the tabs on the negative electrode sheet are adjacent tabs, and the adjacent tabs can be overlapped or connected as a whole after being folded; 1 3) It is not necessary to process the fold line; the fold line has a certain width. When assembling, the negative electrode (1 2) must be folded along the center line of the folding line to clamp the positive electrode (1 3), and the negative electrode (1 2) is relatively folded into Inner body (7); the width of the folding line (20) can be increased and the corresponding active material on both sides of the folding line can be scraped to make it a large leaf pole ear; in addition to cutting, the method of making the pole ear can Formed pole pieces are directly processed by rolling or shear punching; in addition to direct cutting, large leaf poles also It can be made separately and welded to the positive and negative plates after the positive and negative plates are rolled. It is best to use the large leaf tabs. The maximum width of the large leaf tabs is less than half of the length of the side where the tabs are located (1 / 2), the maximum width of the large leaf tabs from different directions or side ends may be the same as the side where the tabs are located; the maximum height of the large leaf tabs is not greater than its own width, and preferably smaller than its width; However, under the premise of special needs, the minimum width of the large leaf tabs can be smaller than its height. If the tabs on the positive and negative electrodes are led from the same direction, the center line position of the large leaf monopoles should be located in the stacked pole tabs. About 1/4 or 3/4 of the length of the side; the inner edge of the large leaf monopole should be close to the center line of the pole piece; the shape of the large leaf pole can be square, rectangular, semicircular, # Or Its shape is good for diversion and heat dissipation. The best shape of the ear is a trapezoidal pole with R rounded corners. The connection between the root of the large leaf ear and the pole piece can be a clear angle connection or a smooth circle. Solitary connection; large leaf tabs can be processed into a raised head (1 0/1 1) or a Tibetan head (1 7/1 8); the raised or hidden head large leaf tabs can both be rectangular The long side of the sheet can also be on the short side of the rectangular sheet; usually only one positive pole and one negative pole are assembled on the casing (9); a large-capacity lithium ion power battery can be equipped with several poles, positive and negative The number of poles can be equal or different; in the case of fast high-power charging and discharging, the number of positive and negative poles should be equal; in the case of fast high-power charging without high-power discharge, the negative pole The number of positive poles can be equal to or greater than the number of positive poles; in the case of high power discharge without fast high power charging, the number of positive poles can be equal to or greater than the number of negative poles Number of bars ; The diameter of the pole can also be adjusted to meet the above requirements. In the case of fast high-power charging and discharging, the diameter of the positive and negative poles should be equal. In the case of fast high-power charging without high-power discharge, the negative electrode The diameter of the pillar may be equal to the diameter of the positive pole or larger than the diameter of the straight pole of the positive pole may be equal to the diameter of the negative pole
( 4 ) 滚压： 滚压工艺中， 正极的线压力为 1 0 0 ~ 1 8 0 kg/ C M, 负极的线压力为 8 0 ~ 1 6 01^/ 。 1^； 正极 （ 1 (4) Rolling: In the rolling process, the linear pressure of the positive electrode is 100 to 180 kg / cm, and the linear pressure of the negative electrode is 80 to 16 ^^. 1 ^; positive (1
3 ) 在滚压前的厚度约为 1 7 0 μ m~ 2 7 0 μ m, 滚压后的厚 度约为 1 1 0 μ πι~ 1 6 5 μ m, 正极滚压前的最佳厚度为 1 93) The thickness before rolling is about 170 μ m to 2 70 μ m, and the thickness after rolling is about 110 μ μm to 16 5 μ m. The optimal thickness before rolling is 1 9
5 μ m~ 2 3 5 μ m， 滚压后的最佳厚度为 1 3 5 μ m ~ 1 5 5 μ m; 负极 ( 1 2 ) 滚压前的厚度约为 1 8 5 μ m~ 2 7 5 μ m, 滚压后 1 1 0 μ ιη~ 1 6 5 μ m, 负极滚压前的最佳厚度为5 μ m ~ 2 3 5 μ m, the optimal thickness after rolling is 1 3 5 μ m ~ 1 5 5 μ m; the thickness of the negative electrode (1 2) before rolling is about 1 8 5 μ m ~ 2 7 5 μm, after rolling 1 110 μ ιη ~ 16 5 μm, the optimal thickness before negative electrode rolling is
2 2 0 μ m~ 2 5 0 μ m, 滚压后的最佳厚度为 1 3 5 μ m~ 12 2 0 μ m ~ 2 5 0 μ m, the optimal thickness after rolling is 1 3 5 μ m ~ 1
5 5 μ m; 5 5 μ m;
隔膜 （ 1 9 ) 采用具有微孔结构且电流切断温度低的 1 5 μ m ~ 8 0 μ m 厚度的聚乙烯材料或聚丙烯材料制成的袋状 ( 1 9 ) ， 以便将正极 （ 1 3 ) 装入其中， 袋状隔膜 （ 1 9 ) 可以从三面热封， 也可只热封相邻的两边； 充放电要求 1 C ~ 2 C时， 隔膜 （ 1 9 ) 的最佳厚度为 2 0 μ m~ 4 Ομ m; 充放电 要求 3 C或更大时， 隔膜的最佳厚度为 40 μ m 或以上； 除极 耳外， 隔膜 （ 1 9 ) 必须将正极 （ 1 3 ) 或负极 （ 1 2 ) 四周 完全遮蔽住， 不可露出边缘， 以防短路； 可用沉浸法将已经滚 压后的正极 （ 1 3 ) 沉浸在含有合理量的造孔剂的聚烯烃类材 料的浆料中， 再将正极 （ 1 3 ) 放入特定溶剂中萃取造孔剂而 形成与正极片一体的隔膜； 也可将含有合理量的造孔剂的聚烯 烃类材料的浆料直接涂覆在已经滚压后的正极 （ 1 3 ) 的表 面， 再将正极 （ 1 3 ) 放入特定溶剂中萃取造孔剂而形成与正 极片一体的隔膜 （ 1 9 ) ; The separator (1 9) is made of a polyethylene material or polypropylene material (1 9) with a microporous structure and a low current cut-off temperature of 15 μm to 80 μm, so that the positive electrode (1 3 ) Installed in it, the bag-shaped diaphragm (19) can be heat-sealed from three sides or only the adjacent two sides; when the charge and discharge requirements are 1 C ~ 2 C, the optimal thickness of the diaphragm (19) is 20 μ m ~ 4 Ομ m; charge and discharge When 3 C or more is required, the optimal thickness of the separator is 40 μm or more. Except for the ears, the separator (1 9) must completely shield the positive electrode (1 3) or negative electrode (1 2) from the surroundings and must not be exposed. Edge to prevent short circuit; immersion method can be used to immerse the rolled positive electrode (1 3) in a slurry of a polyolefin-based material containing a reasonable amount of pore former, and then put the positive electrode (1 3) into a specific solvent The pore-forming agent is extracted to form a separator integrated with the positive electrode sheet; a slurry of a polyolefin-based material containing a reasonable amount of the pore-forming agent may also be directly coated on the surface of the positive electrode (1 3) after rolling, and then Put the positive electrode (1 3) into a specific solvent to extract the pore-forming agent to form a separator (1 9) integrated with the positive electrode sheet;
( 5 ) 装配： 装配时， 应首先将正极片放入袋状隔膜 （ 1 (5) Assembly: When assembling, the positive electrode sheet should first be put into a bag-shaped separator (1
9 ) 中， 正极片 （ 1 3 ) 与负极片 （ 1 2 ) 须间隔层叠置放即 向内折叠一张负极片再叠放一张正极片， 然后再向内折叠一张 负极片， 依次类推； 之后须将正极极耳整齐排列并联于内本体In 9), the positive electrode sheet (1 3) and the negative electrode sheet (1 2) must be stacked and spaced apart, that is, fold one negative electrode sheet inward, then stack one positive electrode sheet, and then fold one negative electrode sheet inward, and so on. ; After that, the positive pole tabs must be arranged in parallel to the inner body.
7的一端， 并用集电夹板夹住， 负极极耳整齐排列并联于内本 体的另一端， 亦用集电夹板夹住； 装配单面涂布活性物盾的正 负极片组时， 应将涂布有活性物质的一面各自贴紧隔膜， 正负 极相对折叠成内本体 （ 7 ) ； 内本体 （ 7 ) 须以隔膜紧密包裹 或以聚乙烯、 聚丙烯框夹紧； 装配好的内本体 （ 7 ) ， 排除隔 膜 （ 1 9 ) 厚度， 正极 （ 1 3 ) 与负极 （ 1 2 ) 的间隙距离， 不得大于 2 5 μ m; 装配好的内本体最佳的长宽比为 6. 2 : 3.One end of 7 is clamped with a current collector plywood, and the negative electrode tabs are arranged neatly in parallel to the other end of the inner body. It is also clamped with the current collector plywood. When assembling the positive and negative electrode groups coated with the active shield on one side, the The side coated with the active material is closely attached to the separator, and the positive and negative electrodes are relatively folded into the inner body (7); the inner body (7) must be tightly wrapped with the separator or clamped with a polyethylene or polypropylene frame; the assembled inner body (7), excluding the thickness of the separator (19), the gap distance between the positive electrode (1 3) and the negative electrode (12) should not be greater than 2 5 μm; the best aspect ratio of the assembled inner body is 6.2: 3.
8或 6 : 4； 装配时还须注意， 负极 （ 1 2 ) 上如果加工有折 叠线， 应将正极 1 3的侧重点端对齐负极 1 2的向内折叠的折 叠线 2 0的中心线； 8 or 6: 4; Attention must also be paid to the assembly, if a negative line (12) is processed with a folding line, the side end of the positive electrode 13 should be aligned with the centerline of the inwardly folded folding line 20 of the negative electrode 12;
( 6 ) 注液： 注液前必须抽出裡离子动力电池内腔中的常态 空气， 然后将适量的电解液从安全阀 （ 3 ) 内的注液孔注入； 注液量通常在 0. 1 5 Ah/ g~ 0. 6 Ah / g 的范围内调整； 最 佳的注液量在 0. 2 Ah/ g~ 0. 3 5 Ah / g; 采用可适应更宽的 温度变化的多元电解液： L I P F 6 / E C: DM C: D E C , 溶剂比例为 0. 9 5 ~ 1. 0 5 : 0. 9 5 ~ 1. 0 5 : 0. 9 5 ~ (6) Injection: Before injection, the normal air in the inner cavity of the ion power battery must be extracted, and then an appropriate amount of electrolyte is injected from the injection hole in the safety valve (3); the injection amount is usually 0.1. 5 Ah / g ~ 0. 6 Ah / g adjustment; the best injection volume is 0.2 Ah / g ~ 0. 3 5 Ah / g; using a multi-electrolyte that can adapt to wider temperature changes: LIPF 6 / EC: DM C: DEC, the solvent ratio is 0.9 5 to 1. 0 5: 0.9 5 to 1. 0 5: 0.9 5 to
1. 0 5 ; 或 L I P F 6 / E C: E M C: D E C， 溶剂比例为1. 0 5; or L I P F 6 / E C: E M C: D E C, solvent ratio is
0. 9 5 - 1. 0 5 : 0. 9 5 - 1. 0 5 : 0. 9 5 - 1. 0 5 ; 或0. 9 5-1. 0 5: 0. 9 5-1. 0 5: 0. 9 5-1. 0 5; or
L I P F 6 / E C: DM C: EM C , 溶剂比例为 0. 9 5 ~ 1.L I P F 6 / E C: DM C: EM C, the solvent ratio is 0.9 5 to 1.
0 5 : 0. 9 5 - 1. 0 5 : 0. 9 5 - 1. 0 5 ; 或 L I P F 6 / E C : D M C : E M C : D E C , 溶剂比例为 0. 9 5 ~ 1. 0 5： 0. 9 5 - 1 . 0 5 : 0. 9 5 - 1. 0 5 ： 0. 9 5 - 1. 0 5 ; 0 5: 0. 9 5-1. 0 5: 0. 9 5-1. 0 5; or LIPF 6 / EC: DMC: EMC: DEC, the solvent ratio is 0.9 5 to 1. 0 5: 0.9 5-1.. 5: 0.9 5-1. 0 5: 0.9 5-1. 0 5 ;
( 7) 化成： 化成原则必须是小电流、 低电压， 绝对不可以 大电流， 较高电压化成， 才能充分激活正、 负集流基体上的活 性物盾， 化成工序必须一次性不间断地完成， 中途不可随意中 止或停止， 化成曲线应光滑连接， 电流应控制在 0. 0 1 C / 1 0 小时 -— 0. 0 2 C / 5 小时— → 0. 0 5 C / 5 小时一 → 0 · 1 C / 4 小时 - → 0. 2 C / 1 小时， 恒流充满后转为恒压 继续充， 务求一次性充足；  (7) Formation: The formation principle must be low current and low voltage, and no large current can be formed. Higher voltage formation is required to fully activate the active shield on the positive and negative current collector substrates. The formation process must be completed uninterrupted at one time. Do not stop or stop at will in the middle. The formation curve should be smoothly connected, and the current should be controlled between 0. 1 C / 10 hours-0. 0 2 C / 5 hours-→ 0. 0 5 C / 5 hours-1 → 0 · 1 C / 4 hours-→ 0.2 C / 1 hour, after the constant current is full, it will be switched to constant pressure to continue charging, so as to ensure sufficient one time;
( 8 ) 分容： 将电性能各项指标均符合工艺要求的电池与各 项电性能指标未达工艺要求的电池分别置放入库。  (8) Capacity division: Put batteries with electrical performance indicators that meet process requirements and batteries with electrical performance indicators that do not meet process requirements, respectively.
PCT/CN2003/000169 2002-03-08 2003-03-07 A rechargeable lithium-ion power battery and manufacture method of the same WO2003077347A1 (en)

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