WO2001054051A2 - Vorrichtung zur daktyloskopischen personenidentifikation - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur daktyloskopischen personenidentifikation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001054051A2 WO2001054051A2 PCT/EP2001/000708 EP0100708W WO0154051A2 WO 2001054051 A2 WO2001054051 A2 WO 2001054051A2 EP 0100708 W EP0100708 W EP 0100708W WO 0154051 A2 WO0154051 A2 WO 0154051A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- finger
- scanning unit
- area
- unit
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A17/00—Safety arrangements, e.g. safeties
- F41A17/06—Electric or electromechanical safeties
- F41A17/066—Electric or electromechanical safeties having means for recognizing biometric parameters, e.g. voice control, finger print or palm print control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
- F41A19/58—Electric firing mechanisms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
- F42B5/08—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile modified for electric ignition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/1335—Combining adjacent partial images (e.g. slices) to create a composite input or reference pattern; Tracking a sweeping finger movement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/30—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/32—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check
- G07C9/37—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for dactyloscopic person identification with at least one light source for illuminating and / or for illuminating the front area of a finger, with at least one sensor unit, on its side assigned to the front area of the finger, at least one scanning unit for recording optical images of the front Has area of the finger, and with at least one processing unit for determining the characteristics of the front area of the finger, in particular the fingerprint.
- Devices of this type serve to record and process characteristics of the front area of a finger, in particular fingerprints, and can be used in any areas in which a dactyloscopic personal identification is necessary.
- Exemplary in this context are the fields of computer technology, intake systems, criminalistics, medicine, and protection systems in the general as well as banking and finance.
- This device contains an optical fiber bundle, at the two ends of which an entry surface and an exit surface are formed.
- An illumination device emits irradiation light in such a way that a light pattern is formed corresponding to a convex part of an object in contact with the entry surface and corresponding to a concave part of the object out of contact with the entry surface.
- an angle of incidence of the irradiation light is obtained which is greater than a critical angle at an interface between a core part of a respective optical fiber of the optical fiber bundle and the air, it is possible to have a total reflection at the entrance surface apart from contact with the concave part of the object and at the Entry surface in contact with the convex part of the object to achieve no total reflection, which results in reflection light with a light pattern corresponding to an irregular pattern.
- the resulting light pattern is input into a photoelectric conversion device via the exit surface and converted into electrical information by the latter.
- the device known from DE 44 04 918 AI proves to be disadvantageous in that it is based on a static principle, that is to say the person to be identified by dactyloscopy has the front area of the finger on the entry surface of the light guide bundle, so that a two-dimensional optical image of the front area of the finger, that is to say the fingerprint, is removed.
- this necessarily means that the surface area of the optically active area of the scanning unit or of the photoelectric conversion device must be at least as large as the area of the front area of the finger to be recorded. This not only takes up a lot of space, but also involves a high outlay in terms of material and energy feed into the scanning unit or into the photoelectric converter device.
- the present invention is based on the object of a generic device for the dactyloscopic
- the scanning unit which can be designed as a photoelectric conversion device, to significantly reduce the use of material in order in this way to reduce the energy requirement of the device for dactyloscopic person identification.
- the drive-over direction is to be covered over the driving area
- the drive-over area is slot-shaped and is delimited by two narrow sides and two long sides and the long sides are transverse, in particular approximately perpendicular, to the drive-over direction and to the
- Narrow sides run and are many times larger than the narrow sides are formed.
- this solution is based on a completely new principle in the field of devices for dactyloscopic person identification, in that the recording of the optical images of the front region of the finger, which can preferably be converted into electrical signals, to a certain extent on the basis of a spatial component that is different extends transversely, in particular approximately perpendicularly, to the direction of driving over, and takes place on the basis of a temporal component which is defined by sweeping over the appropriately optically transparent passage area with the front area of the finger.
- the device according to the present invention differs significantly from conventional devices, because in the latter the optical images of the front region of the finger are necessarily recorded on the basis of two spatial components, i.e. the scanning unit is necessarily flat, which is not only relatively high Material endings are connected, which counteract the general tendency to drop in prices for electrical and electronic devices, but in comparison to the present invention there is also an increased energy requirement.
- the scanning unit in the present invention is arranged in at least one drive-over area to be covered from the front area of the finger in the drive-over direction, which is slit-shaped and is delimited by two narrow sides and by two long sides, the latter being transverse, in particular approximately perpendicular, to the drive-over direction and run to the narrow sides and are many times larger than the narrow sides.
- the scanning unit takes up very little space and can be accommodated compactly in the drive-over area, so that the present device can be integrated into a large number of electrical or electronic devices, for example in automated teller machines, in data processing devices (in particular in hand computers or in pocket computers), in intake systems, in motor vehicle locking systems, in
- an additional security level relevant to all applications of the device is created, to a certain extent inherent in the system, because a potentially left fingerprint blurs as it were “by itself” when the front area of the finger is swiped over in the direction of travel.
- the present device for dactyloscopic person identification can be implemented in a particularly advantageous manner in electrical or electronic devices if the scanning unit approximately corresponds in shape and size to the drive-over area.
- This technical measure also serves for a trouble-free and immediate transport of the optical images of the front area of the finger from the drive-over area to the scanning unit. Regardless of this or in connection with it, it may be advisable to choose the dimension of the long sides so that it corresponds approximately to the width of the front area of the finger. This ensures that the dactyloscopic features of the finger are recorded over their full width by the scanning unit when the front area of the finger sweeps over the drive-over area in the drive-over direction.
- the dimensions of the narrow sides are of the order of magnitude of approximately 0.5 millimeters to approximately five millimeters, in particular in the On the order of about 1.5 millimeters to about two millimeters.
- the drive-over area and correspondingly the scanning unit in the drive-over direction are therefore very narrow.
- a small piece of silicon be it a camera or a line sensor - flat or on one and the same circuit board (comparable to the shape of the letter "T", but not necessarily in a closed form, whereby a variable spacing can be selected).
- the area can be increased required silicon can be reduced, which reduces the cost burden in the manufacture of the present device and thus increases the international competitiveness of the present product.
- CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
- the scanning unit records the optical images line by line, that is to say the scanning unit functions as a line scanner when the front area of the finger is moved over or pulled over the drive-over area.
- the scanning unit it is advisable to design the scanning unit in such a way that it can record a large number of optical images per unit of time, in particular line by line, with a realistic order of magnitude in the range of approximately 250 optical images per second.
- these optical images recorded in particular line by line, can then become one in the sensor unit and / or in the processing unit for determining the characteristics of the front area of the finger, in particular the fingerprint Overall image can be put together.
- the front area of the finger in the present invention is drawn in the drive-over direction over the drive-over area and consequently over the scanning unit. It should be taken into account here that such a sweep of the front area of the finger will not necessarily take place at a constant speed and, in the case of several dactyloscopic identification processes, will not necessarily take place at an identical speed. Not least for this reason, the recording of the optical images is controlled by the scanning unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention by means of light pulses emitted by the light source.
- At least one determining device is for determining the speed and / or the position of the front area of the finger.
- the individual optical images recorded can be put together to form a meaningful overall image that allows dactyloscopic person identification.
- the determination device can preferably be formed by at least one of the light sources, the light source expediently emitting the light essentially in the direction of travel. This enables distance measurement or observation or direction finding by means of the light emerging from the light source, for example according to a method from measurement or control technology.
- the determination device can have at least one inductive element and / or at least one capacitive element and / or at least one areally extended light element for essentially the same purposes. Determining the respective speed and / or the respective position of the front area of the finger is particularly favored in this context if the determining device is approximately slit-shaped and / or approximately strip-shaped and / or if the determining device is approximately at right angles to the drive-over area , in particular approximately in the direction of travel.
- At least one additional or second device for personal identification designed as a camera module
- the optics of the camera module for example having at least one specially ground lens, exemplarily having a diameter of approximately 2.5 millimeters or an area of approximately 2 , 5 millimeters to about 2.5 millimeters.
- the camera module can be at least partially integrated into a fiber-optic area to be explained below.
- optics of such a camera module is designed, for example, for face recognition
- specific authentication or identification of the person can be carried out, for example, when certain face-specific features of a person are stored in the memory unit or in the processing unit of the device, because by directly comparing the data in the Storage unit or face-specific features of the person stored in the processing unit with the actual face-specific features of the person recorded by the camera module, a blocking function or a release function can be activated in the device depending on the result of this comparison.
- At least one fiber-optic area is provided in the drive-over area, through which the optical images of the front area of the finger to the scanning unit are transportable.
- the present device for dactyloscopic person identification can be implemented in a particularly advantageous manner in electrical or electronic devices if the shape and size of the fiber-optic area approximately corresponds to the drive-over area.
- This technical measure also serves for a trouble-free and immediate transport of the optical images of the front area of the finger from the drive-over area to the scanning unit.
- the side of the fiber-optic region facing the scanning unit is provided with at least one, in particular alphanumeric, identifier.
- identifier yields significant advantages, in particular in the event of a failure or failure of the device, because in this case it is possible to use a digital one instead of an - otherwise usual, but no longer readable in the event of a failure or failure (-> among other things, problems with a warranty claim)
- Personalization of the device includes at least one unique identification number or the like in the data record.
- the present invention benefits from the fact that the device is essentially based on the principle of the optical sensor, so that the identifier can be optically read and built into the data record to be transferred. Providing such an identifier is therefore a further optional security feature Provided, in the event that a warranty service becomes necessary, the identification can also be read out through the fiber optic region by means of a microscope or the like.
- the identifier applied for example, when the light sources are inserted, is expediently assigned to the respective device, in particular the user or customer belonging to the respective device (-> special identifier), and can no longer be reached from the side of the fiber-optic region facing away from the scanning unit, in particular, cannot be changed or otherwise manipulated.
- the light source is expediently arranged on the side next to the scanning unit.
- the light can be emitted independently of this or in addition to this from the light source in the direction of the side of the drive-over area facing away from the scanning unit and to be covered by the front area of the finger.
- the duration and / or the intensity of the light pulses emitted by the light source can be regulated as a function of the ambient light conditions.
- At least one control means for regulating the duration and / or the intensity of the light pulses emitted by the light source is preferably provided in the device according to the present invention.
- this control means a continuous or temporary measuring method can be carried out, with which a permanently good image quality can be determined and with which, if necessary, optimal saturation can be achieved by means of short-term light pulses, matched to contrast and depth of field, the short-term light pulses in their duration and / or in their Intensity can be dosed exactly to the actually required amount of light.
- the control means has: at least one detection module for detecting the ambient light conditions, the detection module being able to be embodied uniformly with the sensor unit and / or as part of the sensor unit; at least one evaluation module for determining the duration and / or the intensity of the light pulses in adaptation to the ambient light conditions detected by the detection module, it being possible for the evaluation module to be embodied uniformly with at least one evaluation unit and / or as part of at least one evaluation unit which is preferably arranged downstream of the sensor unit is; and at least one memory module for storing threshold values intended for regulating the duration and / or the intensity of the light pulses, the Memory module can be formed uniformly with at least one memory unit and / or as part of at least one memory unit, which is preferably arranged downstream of the sensor unit.
- the mode of operation and the function of the control means is, for example, such that the detection module detects the respective ambient light conditions, these are evaluated and analyzed in the evaluation module, and a comparison is made in the evaluation module with predetermined threshold values stored in the memory module.
- the light source which is connected to the control means and here in particular to the evaluation module, is then addressed by the control means, the duration and / or the intensity of the light pulses emitted by the light source being adapted to the ambient light conditions determined.
- the light pulses can be designed dynamically and adaptively both in terms of their duration and their intensity, so that they can be used for any type of ambient light (e.g. strong sunshine, weak sunshine, dim light, diffuse light, gas light, moonlight, artificial lighting, ...) to provide the required light irradiation and thus to obtain high-contrast and deep images of the front area of the finger.
- ambient light e.g. strong sunshine, weak sunshine, dim light, diffuse light, gas light, moonlight, artificial lighting, .
- the adaptive light control illuminances from zero lux to about 40,000 lux can be achieved, the latter illuminance value roughly corresponds to direct sunlight.
- the results that can be achieved with this adaptive light control have a contrast and depth of field increase of up to about eighty percent compared to conventional lighting systems with continuous light, the type of light control according to the invention having the advantage that it changes the amount of light required in a time range of less than with changing lighting conditions can dose and provide one hundred milliseconds, so that an almost constant image quality can be obtained in all conceivable lighting conditions.
- the advantage of the present device which is essential to the invention, is therefore to be seen in the "intelligent control" which, as it were, adjusts the amount of light irradiated to a certain extent and calculates it separately for each area around the object to be illuminated, that is to say around the front area of the finger and makes it available so that overexposure or underexposure is excluded with a probability bordering on certainty.
- statically working lighting units such as are provided in conventional devices for dactyloscopic person identification by means of at least one fingerprint
- the present invention expediently enables the uniform illumination of an object, for example the front region of a finger, regardless of the strength of the object, which, moreover, also has a more or less strong light conductivity or a more or less strong reflectivity may have, and regardless of whether this object is now illuminated frontally, laterally and / or from the back by stray light. Accordingly, it does not matter in the case of the present invention at what angle and from which point light is irradiated onto the object to be illuminated; only the duration and / or the intensity of the additionally required light is to be regulated individually for each area, but the recording of the optical images by the scanning unit is preferably controlled by means of light pulses emitted by the light source.
- control means can also be designed as at least one digital signal processing unit (DSP digital signal processor) and / or as at least one microcontroller.
- DSP digital signal processor digital signal processor
- control means provided for the implementation of the adaptive light control in accordance with an expedient embodiment has at least one detection module, at least one evaluation module and at least one memory module. If the detection module is now preferably configured uniformly with the sensor unit and / or as part of the sensor unit, the photosensitive surface and / or the photosensitive layer of the sensor unit can use the adaptive light control to a certain extent self-regulate the amount of light required for each of its areas request what works particularly well if the evaluation module of the control means is designed uniformly with the evaluation unit and / or as part of the evaluation unit.
- ALR or ALC adaptive light control
- the invention can be of essential importance for the invention to make the amplification of the electrical signals in the sensor unit and / or in the evaluation unit variable over the different areas of the optical images.
- the background of this particularly advantageous further development is the fact that the intensity distribution and consequently the contrast of the light scattered inside the front area of the finger are neither uniform nor constant over the entire width of the optical images, but rather less in the central areas of the optical images than in the Edge areas of the optical images is what can be connected among other things with the fact that the at least one light source can be arranged laterally next to the scanning unit and that the light from the light source in the direction of the side of the finger facing away from the scanning unit and to be covered by the front area of the finger Driving range can be radiated.
- the central areas covered by the front area of the finger on the scanning unit reach facing away from the front area of the finger to be swept less light than in the lateral areas, so that the intensity and - directly proportional to this - the contrast of the scattered light in the central areas is weaker than in the peripheral areas.
- the amplification of the electrical signals in the central regions of the optical images can be greater, and in this case, for example, about a factor of 2 to 3 greater than the amplification of the electrical signals in the edge regions of the optical images his.
- Such electronic modulation by means of variable amplification factors can be carried out in each line of the optical images.
- the present device which is essential to the invention, it is for the transition designed in a hibernation state.
- This is advantageous, for example, in the context of the use of the present device in mobile telephones or in motor vehicle parts, such as in steering wheels, in gear knobs or in door locks, because in such applications the electrical voltage required to operate the device is mostly from batteries, possibly also as a supplement with the help of solar collectors, so that the potential savings in this regard are very welcome by providing a state of rest of the device.
- recesses which form a braid or grid can be used, in particular in the form of sheets and / or in the form of lines, in the fiber optic
- the area should preferably be etched using acid, at least one metal, in particular chromium, being able to be filled into these recesses, so that the metal, in particular chromium, is ported into the recesses.
- chromium is to be preferred due to the favorable properties of this metal, because chromium is both chemically and mechanically resistant, with the recesses causing only very little abrasion.
- ESD electrostatic discharge
- the recesses expediently have a width of approximately five micrometers; since the fibers of the fiber-optic area can have a diameter of about six micrometers and the pixels on the scanning unit can have a dimension of about fifty micrometers to about fifty micrometers, the chrome braid or chrome grating does not cause any noticeable reduction in the quality of the optical images that can be obtained; the loss of brightness caused by the chrome mesh or chrome mesh is also less than five percent.
- the fiber-optic region has at least one active zone and at least one passive zone, two active zones advantageously being provided between which a passive zone is arranged.
- the preferably approximately rectangular active zones serve to trigger the capacitive start described above, which only takes place when the front area of the finger is positioned correctly, that is, when the front area of the finger touches both active zones simultaneously or rests on both active zones at the same time.
- the desirably a larger area engaging as the active zone preferably rectangular shaped approximately passive zone no electrical function, but rather serves to preserve the optical properties over the entire area • optical fiber evenly.
- the distance between the edge of the active zone and the edge of the passive zone is approximately fifty micrometers in view of an exemplary diameter of the fibers of the fiber optic region of approximately six micrometers and an exemplary dimensioning of the pixels on the scanner unit of approximately fifty Micrometers to about fifty micrometers to produce no unnecessary dividing lines in the optical images.
- the width of the active zone and the passive zone can be selected to be at least as large as and in particular slightly larger than the width of the scanning unit, for example by the width of the active zone and the passive zone in is approximately thirteen millimeters and the width of the scanning unit is approximately twelve millimeters.
- the braid or grating and in this case in particular the active zone is preferably "bonded" and / or preferably galvanically connected from the upper side by means of at least one conductor track with at least one associated contact, which expediently has an expansion of approximately one Has millimeters to about two millimeters.
- at least one conductor track with at least one associated contact which expediently has an expansion of approximately one Has millimeters to about two millimeters.
- the at least one light source fulfills an important function in the adaptive light control in the context of the present invention. It should be taken into account here that for the purpose of uniform illumination of the front area of the finger, in most practical applications, more than one light source is provided, for example two Light sources or in particular four light sources which can be arranged symmetrically to one another and / or which can be arranged laterally or annularly, in this case in particular essentially uniformly distributed, around the drive-over area.
- the respective duration and / or the respective intensity of the light pulses emitted by the respective light source can be selectively regulated in adaptation to the ambient light conditions;
- the light source can be arranged laterally next to the scanning unit and the light from the light source can be emitted in the direction of the side of the drive-over area facing away from the scanning unit and to be covered by the front area of the finger, adequate, reliable results in timely illumination of the front area become possible Area of the finger.
- the light falls on the front area of the finger in the.
- the present invention is therefore to a certain extent based on transmitted light technology, that is to say the optical images of the front area of the finger are processed as transmitted light images.
- the skin strips or papillary lines "close” successively and line by line the inputs of the fibers of the optionally provided fiber-optic area, so that in these by Skin strips or papillary lines closed areas of the fiber-optic area no or only very little scattered in the interior of the front area of the finger, so-called passage light reaches the scanning unit.
- the scanning unit which preferably has at least one photosensitive surface and / or at least one photosensitive layer, so that an extremely sensitive instrument for the dactyloscopic identification of people, in particular based on the areas of the skin strips or papillary lines and on the areas between the skin strips or papillary lines, is provided.
- the recorded optical images of the front area of the finger thus get into the scanning unit and are then analyzed and processed by means of the evaluation unit which is preferably assigned to the scanning unit and which, in an advantageous embodiment, is part of the processing unit.
- the data and information obtained during the analysis and during the processing can expediently be collected and stored in at least one storage unit which is preferably associated with the scanning unit and, in an advantageous embodiment, is part of the processing unit.
- the storage unit electronically stores the optical images according to a preferred embodiment.
- the evaluation unit can analyze the characteristics of the front area of the finger, in particular the fingerprint, and compare them with characteristics stored in the storage unit, in order in this way to bring about individual dactyloscopic personal identification.
- both the device according to the present invention is completely visible and the process of the dactyloscopic person identification is comprehensible and transparent for the person to be identified, since this person is only psychologically favorable in the front area of his finger Lead over direction over the drive-over area and this has to cover the front area of the finger, but does not have to insert the finger into a cavity or an opening.
- the design for life detection (so-called "life support”) is to be mentioned, that is to say with the present invention because of the differences in brightness between the areas of the skin strips or papillary lines and the areas between the skin strips or papillary lines it is possible to observe or investigate whether the illuminated object, such as the front area of the finger, is "alive", that is to say, for example, has blood flowing through it and / or has a pulse.
- the device according to the present invention can be designed, for example, by comparing the results obtained for the two different wavelengths to determine the oxygen saturation in the blood of the front region of the finger.
- the method for life detection is based on an optical measurement of the steady decrease in the oxygen content due to the narrowing of the blood vessels when the front area of the finger is pressed onto the fiber optic area of the device.
- the underlying principle is that while the blood flows through the veins, oxygen is extracted from the surrounding tissue, while the blood is simultaneously contaminated with carbon dioxide; this creates a certain steady state in the ratio of oxyhemoglobin to carboxyhemoglobin. If the blood flow, that is to say the throughput with blood per unit of time, is changed, a different flow equilibrium is also established.
- the blood vessels constrict due to the pressure.
- the resulting increased flow resistance reduces the blood throughput of the tissue, so that the ratio of oxyhemoglobin to carboxyhemoglobin shifts to the disadvantage of oxyhemoglobin.
- the oxygen uptake of the surrounding tissue remains constant.
- the first measurement should take place when the front area of the finger is attached, preferably triggered by a capacitive start.
- this method for life detection can also be implemented with an integrated pressure sensor according to a preferred embodiment.
- a change in the blood oxygen value as a function of the - always slightly - fluctuating contact pressure of the front area of the finger on the fiber optic area can be seen. As a rule, this is sufficient to make an equally significant statement; Difficulties can only arise in persons with inadequately supplied fingers, because the oxygen-rich blood flows very slowly back into the tips of the fingers, so that the oxygen content is relatively low.
- a person could only be identified as authenticated or authorized if their current pulse rate deviates up or down from the stored pulse rate by no more than ten percent; the pulse frequency thus becomes a further criterion for personal identification.
- the method for living detection with the aid of the pulse is based on the Principle of operation explained above.
- the periodic flow of blood through the veins caused by the pulse and the subsequent breakdown of the oxygen are advantageously analyzed.
- about two to about four pulse cycles are required, which can be studied precisely using Fourier analysis.
- the pulse can be measured after placing the front area of the finger on the fiber optic area in the idle state, which can also be done after the extraction of the optical images obtained; this shortens the response time of the device.
- biometric data for example relating to the pulse rate, reduce the likelihood of errors in the identification process because they make it possible to distinguish the "living" finger of the person to be identified by dactyloscopy from an earlier impression of this finger, in particular a "placebo finger".
- the existing data on the changes in the transparency of the front area of the finger allow the pulse rate of the person to be identified to be determined, preferably in the processing unit, and the transparency curve thus obtained to be used for medical purposes analogously to an electrocardiogram (EKG).
- the device can also be used to determine optical images whose degree of sharpness is so high that even those in the front area of the finger located, person-specific, differently arranged sweat glands are clearly recognizable, so that there is the possibility of also using the sweat glands for person identification.
- the light source is arranged on the side of the drive-over area facing the scanning unit. This is a sufficient prerequisite for the light from the light source to be able to be emitted in the direction of the side of the drive-over area facing away from the scanning unit and to be covered by the front area of the finger, i.e. the front area of the finger of the person to be identified by dactyloscopy is illuminated from the side below.
- the light source can advantageously be arranged laterally spaced from the scanning unit.
- This structural separation of the light source and the scanning unit is recommended insofar as, in order to achieve proper operation of the device, it should be avoided that light gets directly from the light source into the scanning unit; rather, only light should come into the scanning unit, which preferably operates on a semiconductor basis, in particular on a silicon basis, which was previously scattered in the interior of the front region of the finger and consequently carries dactyloscopic information with regard to the skin strips or papillary lines.
- the light from the light source can be laterally irradiated onto the side of the drive-over area facing away from the scanning unit and to be swept over by the front area of the finger.
- the light source is preferably arranged laterally next to or already slightly on the side of the transfer area facing away from the scanning unit and to be covered over by the front area of the finger; in this development, the light source can also be arranged to lie horizontally and emit the light "flat" onto the front area of the finger.
- the light source can be designed as a pulsed light source, which is designed for the emission of pulsed light, so that the device according to the present invention can, for example, also operate battery-operated as a result of the pulsed, precisely metered light.
- a significant reduction in the current required to operate the device according to the present invention can be achieved because the ambient light can be used and the additionally required light can be precisely metered by means of the adaptive light control.
- the pulse duration of the emitted light pulses advantageously ranges from almost zero milliseconds to approximately ninety milliseconds.
- the device according to the present invention can have at least one
- the pulse generator unit for controlling the light source, the pulse generator unit is expediently arranged between the light source and at least one control element for the scanning unit.
- the present device for dactyloscopic person identification is to be developed in a particularly advantageous manner, it is advisable to assign at least one detection unit for detecting the ambient light conditions and / or at least one light reflector unit to the light source.
- the detection unit can determine which areas of the drive-over area and / or which areas adjacent to the drive-over area are just being swept by the front area of the finger:
- the detection unit reports weak or no incidence of light, this indicates that the area assigned to the detection unit is just being swept by the front area of the finger; on the other hand, if the detection unit reports normal and unimpaired incidence of light, this indicates that the area assigned to the detection unit has already been covered by the front area of the finger or will still be covered by the front area of the finger.
- the sequence at which the above-mentioned messages from the individual detection units are used determines, among other things, the speed at which the front area of the finger sweeps over the drive-over area in the direction of travel, so that the above-mentioned messages from the individual detection units are controlled by the Recording of the optical images can be coupled, coordinated and synchronized by the scanning unit by means of light pulses emitted by the light source.
- the detection unit and / or the light reflector unit is arranged around the light source, the light emitted by the light source and / or the ambient light being able to be focused on the respective detection unit by the respective light reflector unit is.
- At least one display device is provided for displaying the different operating states of the device.
- the display device can expediently have at least one single-color or different-colored light display which signals the various operating states of the device (for example green light: "device is ready for dactyloscopic person identification” or “device has correctly identified person dactyloscopically”; red light: “device is.” not ready for dactyloscopic person identification "or also" device did not correctly identify person dactyloscopically ").
- the display device can also signal the various operating states of the device according to an advantageous alternative or supplementary embodiment by at least one flashing and / or pulsating light signal.
- the light source is followed by at least one optical system.
- an optical system on the one hand exerts a certain protective function, that is to say that the optical system prevents the person to be identified by dactyloscopy from touching the sensitive and easily damageable light source when the front area of the finger is guided over the drive-over area.
- the optical system is designed to deflect the light emitted by the light source onto the side of the drive-over area facing away from the scanning unit, which is to be covered by the front area of the finger, and / or the light emitted by the light source on the side of the scanning unit to distribute the side of the drive-over area facing away from the front area of the finger evenly and / or diffusely. This ensures uniform illumination of the front area of the finger, which creates informative optical images from the front area of the finger. This is essential for a convincing functioning of the device according to the present invention.
- the optical system is preferably designed as at least one filter, as at least one lens, as at least one prism, as at least one light guide, as at least one light guide element and / or as at least one mirror, the use of the aforementioned optical elements alone or in Combination depends, for example, on the available space or the required degree of illumination.
- Plastic is an inexpensive and robust material that has convincing optical properties, particularly in a transparent version.
- the side of the optical system facing away from the light source is coated with at least one material which is transparent to the light of the light source, in particular material which is transparent to infrared light and / or visible light is.
- the optical system which is often sensitive, is protected from damage, for example from Scratched by vandals and / or protected from dirt, whereby the coating of the translucent material also makes cleaning the optical system easier.
- At least one advantageously ergonomically shaped finger guide is provided on the side of the drive-over area facing away from the scanning unit and to be covered over from the front area of the finger.
- a finger guide which can be designed, for example, in the form of a groove, makes it considerably easier for a user of the device, for example a person to be identified by dactyloscopy, to handle the device not only in psychological but also in practical terms, since the The person to be identified instinctively detects by the arrangement of the finger guide, in which (run-over) direction and in which position the run-over area on its side facing away from the scanning unit is to be covered by the front area of the finger.
- the scanning area is preferably arranged centrally within the finger guide.
- the optical system as a finger guide.
- the advantages of finger guidance namely, among other things, ensuring an optimal sweeping operation of the front area of the finger for capturing the characteristics, in particular the fingerprint, are shown in Expediently associated with the advantages of the optical system, namely, inter alia, the function as a deflection component for the light generated and ensuring a clean, uniform illumination of the front area of the finger to be illuminated.
- the adaptive light control can be used to achieve smooth and smooth transitions for the most varied areas of the composable overall picture in a particularly advantageous manner.
- the interaction of the adaptive light control with the finger guidance optionally implemented in the optical system guarantees a uniform light distribution on the object to be illuminated with the greatest possible contrast.
- the provisions set out above with regard to the coating of the optical system with translucent material also apply to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, in which at least the scanning unit and / or at least the side of the fiber optic region facing away from the scanning unit and / or at least that of the The scanning unit facing away from the front of the finger side of the drive-over area is coated with at least one material that is transparent to the light of the light source, in particular with material that is transparent to infrared light and / or visible light.
- such a coating can be of essential importance to the invention, as one undamaged, that is, inter alia, unscratched, and clean scanning unit and / or an equally such fiber-optic area and / or an equally such drive-over area is essential for the proper functioning of the present device for dactyloscopic person identification.
- the material which is permeable to the light of the light source is, according to an advantageous embodiment, lacquer.
- the light source is a light-emitting diode (LED), the advantage of such light-emitting diodes being in particular that they are very small and consequently also in devices according to the present invention for Can be used in which little space is available in the course of miniaturization. Further advantages are the low weight, the robust design, the low operating voltage and the long life of light-emitting diodes.
- LED light-emitting diode
- a design which adapts to the ambient light, in particular to the presence of daylight, in particular a type of "night design”, is implemented, for example, by means of different (light) colors of the light-emitting diode (s).
- This design can be advantageously used especially when the device is used in motor vehicle locking systems and / or in motor vehicle starting systems or integrate into mobile phones.
- the sensor unit with the scanning unit can be heated and / or heated by the light-emitting diode (LED). This proves to be useful not least when the sensor unit with the scanning unit is to be designed for use in extreme cold.
- LED light-emitting diode
- the light-emitting diode can, for example, emit infrared light, whereby the heating or heating primarily aims to make driving over the front area of the finger more pleasant (-> comfortable sensation of warmth for human skin), what is particularly important in the case of inlet systems or access control systems (in the dark, for example, red light-emitting diodes can additionally be switched on, which - in contrast to the light-emitting diodes (LED) heating the sensor unit with the scanning unit - illuminate the device in the "night design").
- LED light-emitting diode
- the light source emits infrared light, wherein the infrared light can have a wavelength of approximately 900 nanometers, for example.
- the light source which in an expedient embodiment can also emit infrared light of two different wavelengths, should have a power of, for example, about 0.1 milliwatts to avoid disproportionately high heating of the device up to about five watts, in particular a power of about two milliwatts to about 100 milliwatts.
- the senor unit is expediently arranged on at least one carrier unit.
- This carrier unit in turn can be arranged on at least one circuit board unit.
- the fibers in the fiber-optic area are oriented essentially perpendicular to the entry surface and / or the exit surface of the fiber-optic area according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the fibers in the fiber optic area are arranged essentially parallel to one another in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the fibers in the fiber-optic area can have two directions, which are arranged at an angle to one another, according to a further development essential to the invention.
- an embodiment is preferred in which the fibers are arranged in layers in the fiber-optic region, the fibers within a layer being essentially parallel to one another and the fibers of mutually adjacent layers at an angle to one another are arranged.
- the fibers of the fiber-optic region which are arranged in one direction at an angle to the other direction, are expediently provided for transporting light to the side of the drive-over region facing away from the scanning unit and to be covered by the front region of the finger, while those in the fibers arranged in the other direction are expediently provided for transporting the optical images of the front region of the finger to the scanning unit.
- At least some of the fibers in the fiber optic area are at least partially surrounded by (light) absorbing material in the form of a coating and / or in the form of a sheath.
- light incident from outside through a side face of the fibers and / or light incident from an adjacent fiber is absorbed, so that over each fiber only the light entering the fiber-optic area at a certain point is passed through the fiber-optic area to the exit surface thereof. In this way, a change in the light pattern obtained on the entry surface of the fiber-optic region is reliably avoided.
- At least some of the fibers in the fiber optic area are at least partially surrounded by (light) reflecting material in the form of a coating and / or in the form of a shell which surrounds the light reflected in the respective fiber back from the wall of this fiber into the interior of this fiber.
- This favors the transport of the optical images through the fiber-optic area to the scanning unit insofar as each fiber only forwards the light entering the fiber-optic area at a certain area through the fiber-optic area to the exit surface thereof. In this way, a change in the light pattern obtained on the entry surface of the optical region is reliably avoided.
- the fiber optic area which extends into the area above the light source, so that the latter is covered and protected from manual intervention. Since the 7 scanning unit is naturally only to be reached by light which carries the information relating to the optical images, that is to say that is scattered from the front region of the finger, it is advisable to provide at least one opaque barrier layer within the fiber optic region, since by means of this opaque barrier layer it is prevented that light emitted by the light source reaches the scanning unit immediately, that is to say without scattering in the front region of the finger.
- the barrier layer can be implemented, for example, in the form of closed fibers.
- At least one opaque barrier layer which can be provided between the light source and the scanning unit, serves the same purposes as the barrier layer within the fiber optic region.
- the material of the barrier layer that is impermeable to the light of the light source can be, for example, lacquer.
- At least one filter preferably designed as a linear filter, is provided in order to absorb disturbing and excess ambient light and consequently to rule out oversaturation of the scanning unit with certainty.
- the filter expediently has an absorption level of about 99 percent, that is to say the light-absorbing filter acts as a "dark room” as a result (in contrast to the filter with "window” disclosed in German Offenlegungsschrift DE 44 04 918 AI, that do not offer effective protection against oversaturation and cannot function as a "darkroom”).
- Personal identification is determined by the structure, dimensions and purpose of the device. However, it seems appropriate to arrange the filter between the fiber optic area and the scanning unit; and / or to arrange the filter on the side of the drive-over area facing away from the scanning unit and to be covered by the front area of the finger; and / or to arrange the filter on the side of the drive-over area facing the scanning unit; and / or the filter within the fiber optic range provided.
- the background of this particularly advantageous further development is the fact that the intensity distribution and consequently the contrast of the light scattered inside the front area of the finger are neither uniform nor constant over the entire width of the optical images, but rather less in the central areas of the optical images than in the Edge areas of the optical images is what is connected among other things with the fact that the at least one light source can be arranged laterally next to the scanning unit and that the light from the light source in the direction of the side of the drive-over area facing away from the scanning unit and to be covered by the front area of the finger can be radiated.
- the degree of absorption of the filter can be corrected in order to remedy this shortcoming.
- Edge areas of the optical images are larger, and in this case, for example, by a factor of about 2 to 3 and / or by about six decibels to about ten decibels larger than the degree of absorption of the filter in the central areas of the optical images.
- the density of the optical filter is designed to be variable over the various areas of the optical images in such a way that the density in the edge areas of the filter is greater, for example by a factor of 2 to 3 and / or greater by approximately six decibels to approximately ten decibels than the density of the filter in the central regions of the optical images.
- the fact that the intensity and the contrast of the scattered light in the central areas is weaker than in the peripheral areas can be compensated for in an elegant manner, by means of optical modulation, the degree of absorption being able to be selected selectively over the different areas of the optical images that the output signal, which is directly proportional to the quotient of the respective scattered light intensity / contrast and the respective degree of absorption, is of approximately constant intensity;
- This technical measure significantly improves the quality of the results that can be obtained with the present device.
- the optional technical measure of optical modulation set out above has the further advantage over the optional technical measure of electronic modulation by means of a gain factor that amplification of interference, such as electronic noise or the like, has especially in the middle areas of the optical images when optical modulation is excluded; on the contrary, such undesirable interferences can even be reduced by optical modulation.
- the scanning unit is directly adjacent to the fiber optic area and / or in which the scanning unit is attached to the exit surface of the fiber optic area.
- At least one charge-coupled device or at least one charge-coupled circuit can be provided.
- this can be at least one single-area CCD that functions as a light-sensitive unit and which has no separate light-protected area.
- the image build-up and the reading of the charges take place in the light-sensitive unit in an integrated form, the process of the image build-up and the process of reading the charges being temporally separate from one another in contrast to two-area CCDs.
- One-area CCDs are distinguished, inter alia, by the fact that they are significantly easier and cheaper to produce than two-area CCDs, because in single-area CCDs the number of components with essentially the same dimensions of the light-sensitive unit is only half as large as in two-area -CCDs is.
- the light source can be designed as a pulsed light source which is designed for the emission of pulsed light.
- the device according to the present invention can have at least one pulse generator unit for controlling the light source, the pulse generator unit being expediently arranged between the light source and at least one control element for the scanning unit.
- the device for Dactyloscopic person identification creates the possibility, instead of blurry optical images, which arise when using constant lighting and an exposure time corresponding to the image lead time, to obtain clear and sharp optical images in which all information about the interior and / or about the Surface of the front area of the finger at a given time are included.
- pulsed light sources not only leads to the significant improvement in image quality described above, but also allows at least one camera with single-area CCDs to be used as light-sensitive units.
- the use of single-area CCDs enables high-quality images of larger areas to be obtained. This enlargement of the areas, together with the improvement in the stability of the optical images, leads to a further reduction in the probability of errors in the identification of the dactyloscopic person.
- the production of single-area CCDs with a diagonal of the light-sensitive area of, for example, approximately 16 millimeters to, for example, approximately 24 millimeters and with a fiber-optic input is a technically rather uncomplicated task, which makes it possible to produce relatively simple and inexpensive devices for dactyloscopic person identification. Furthermore, less distortion of information arises in devices according to the present invention with single area CCDs than in devices with other types of charge transfer.
- the scanning unit of the device has at least one component based on ASIC technology or at least one circuit based on ASIC technology (ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit).
- amorphous silicon (a: Si-H) is deposited as a scanning unit or as a detector, the respective properties of these two states of silicon are used in an excellent manner :
- amorphous silicon (a: Si-H) can be used excellently in the manufacture of optical detectors, but can only be used to a very limited extent to implement integrated electronic circuits
- crystalline silicon (x-Si) with its limited photoelectric properties is broad Spectrum of highly developed technologies for the production of powerful integrated circuits are available.
- TFA Thin Film on ASIC
- the above-described crystalline electronics are manufactured in a conventional ASIC process.
- the entire usual design process and standard manufacture of the ASICs can essentially unchanged.
- At least one insulating layer is preferably located between the x-Si-ASIC and the a.-Si-H scanning unit or the a: Si-H detector; this is to be structured at the points at which the respective contact between the back electrode of the scanning unit or the detector and the ASIC is to be achieved, that is to say as a rule once per pixel.
- the back electrodes of the pixels are preferably formed by structuring at least one metallization that originally covered the smile in such a way that individual rectangles are formed.
- FIGS. 1 to 6C Further refinements, features and advantages of the present invention are described below in the drawing with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6C, by way of example three exemplary embodiments of the device for dactyloscopic person identification according to the present invention are illustrated.
- Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a device for dactyloscopic person identification according to the present invention, in supervision.
- FIG. 2 shows the device for dactyloscopic person identification from FIG. 1, in a cross-sectional view along the section line II-II in FIG. 1; 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a device for dactyloscopic person identification according to the present invention, in a cross-sectional view;
- FIG. 4 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a device for dactyloscopic person identification according to the present invention, in supervision
- FIG. 5A shows the device for dactyloscopic person identification from FIG. 4, viewed in cross section along the section line V - V in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 5B shows a detail from the fiber-optic area of the device for the dactyloscopic person identification from FIG. 5A;
- 5D shows the fiber-optic region integrated in the device from FIG. 4, in a top view
- 6A is a diagram in which the contrast of the light scattered in the interior of the front region of the finger is plotted schematically over the width of the optical images
- 6B is a diagram in which the amplification of the electrical signals selected in the device for the dactyloscopic person identification from FIGS. 1 and 2 is plotted schematically over the width of the optical images
- FIG. 6C is a diagram in which the absorption selected in the device for the dactyloscopic person identification from FIG. 3 is plotted schematically over the width of the optical images.
- FIGS. 1 to 6C Identical or similar components or features of the invention are provided with identical reference symbols in FIGS. 1 to 6C.
- FIGS. 1 to 5A serve to record and process characteristics of the front area of a finger, in particular fingerprints, and can be used in any areas in which dactyloscopic person identification is necessary , Examples in this context include the field of computer technology, entry systems, criminalistics, medicine, protection systems in general, and the banking and finance sector.
- the three exemplary embodiments of a device for dactyloscopic depiction shown in FIGS. 1 to 5A are distinguished Person identification by the fact that on the one hand adequate, reliable results in the front area of the finger are possible, but on the other hand the device for dactyloscopic person identification itself is completely visible and the process of dactyloscopic person identification is comprehensible and transparent for the person to be identified.
- FIGS. 1 to 5A This is realized by the three exemplary embodiments of a device for • dactyloscopic shown in FIGS. 1 to 5A
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a device for dactyloscopic person identification according to the present invention in supervision
- FIGS. 2, 3 and 5A for reasons of clarity, only two are shown.
- the three exemplary embodiments of the device for dactyloscopic person identification shown in FIGS. 1 to 5A each further have a sensor unit 40 (cf. FIGS. 2, 3 and 5A), each of which has a scanning unit 402 on its side assigned to the front region of the finger ( cf. FIGS. 2, 3 and 5A) for recording optical images of the front area of the finger.
- the sensor unit 40 is arranged on a carrier unit 50 (cf. FIGS. 2, 3 and 5A) is in turn arranged on a circuit board unit 60 (cf. FIGS. 2, 3 and 5A).
- the scanning unit 402 is arranged in a drive-over area 240 (see FIGS. 1 and 4) to be covered by the front area of the finger in a drive-over direction y, the drive-over area 240 being slit-shaped and having two narrow sides 240s and two long sides 2401 is limited.
- the long sides 2401 run perpendicular to the direction of travel y and to the narrow sides 240s and are designed to be many times larger than the narrow sides 240s.
- the three exemplary embodiments of the device for dactyloscopic person identification shown in FIGS. 1 to 5A are therefore based on a completely new principle in that the recording of the optical images of the front region of the finger which can be converted into electrical signals is based to a certain extent on a spatial component that is perpendicular extends to the direction of travel y, and takes place on the basis of a temporal component which is defined by sweeping over the optically transparent passage area 240 (cf. FIGS. 1 and 4) with the front area of the finger.
- the device according to FIGS. 1 to 5A differs significantly from conventional devices, because in the latter the optical images of the front area of the finger are necessarily recorded the basis of two spatial components, ie the scanning unit is necessarily flat.
- the scanning unit 402 is arranged in the drive-over area 240 to be covered by the front area of the finger in the travel direction y.
- the scanning unit 402 takes up very little space and can be accommodated compactly in the drive-over area 240, so that the device according to FIGS. 1 to 5A can be integrated into a large number of electrical or electronic devices, for example in automated teller machines, in data processing devices (in particular in hand computers or in pocket computers), in intake systems, in motor vehicle locking systems, in
- the scanning unit 402 roughly corresponds in shape and size to the drive-over area 240.
- This technical The measure also serves for a trouble-free and immediate transport of the optical images of the front area of the finger from the drive-over area 240 to the scanning unit 402 located underneath.
- the dimension of the long sides 2401 corresponds approximately to the width of the front region of the finger. This ensures that the dactyloscopic features of the finger are recorded over their full width by the scanning unit 402 when the front area of the finger sweeps over the travel area 240 in the travel direction y.
- the drive-over area 240 and, correspondingly, the scanning unit 402 in the drive-over direction y very narrow.
- the scanning unit 402 thus takes up the optical images to a certain extent line by line, that is to say the scanning unit 402 functions as a line scanner when the front region of the finger is guided over or pulled over the drive-over region 240.
- the scanning unit 402 can record a large number of optical images per unit of time, in particular line by line, these optical images recorded line by line then in the sensor unit 40 and in a processing unit 70 (cf. FIGS. 2, 3 and 5A) for determining the Characteristics of the front area of the finger, in particular the fingerprint, are combined to form an overall image.
- the front area of the finger is pulled over the driving area 240 and consequently over the scanning unit 402 in the driving direction y. It should be taken into account here that such a sweep of the front area of the finger does not necessarily take place at a constant speed and, in the case of several dactyloscopic identification processes, does not necessarily take place at an identical speed. Not least for this reason, the recording of the optical images is controlled by the scanning unit 402 by means of light pulses emitted by the light source 10.
- a determining device 180 for determining the speed and position of the front region of the finger.
- the individual optical images recorded can become a meaningful overall picture that allows the dactyloscopic person identification be put together.
- the determination device 180 is formed by a light source 10 ′, which essentially emits the light in the direction of travel y.
- This light source 10 ' enables a distance measurement by means of observation or bearing by the light emerging from the light source 10' according to a method from measurement or control technology.
- the determination device 180 has an inductive element in the form of one or more coils for the same purposes. Determining the respective speed and the respective position of the front region of the finger is favored in that the determination device 180 is essentially slit-shaped and extends at right angles to the drive-over area 240, that is to say in the drive-over direction y.
- a supplementary device designed as a camera module 170 is provided for person identification (cf. FIG. 4), this camera module 170 being partially integrated into a fiber-optic region 30 explained below and the optics of the camera module 170 having a diameter of about 2.5 millimeters.
- the optics of the camera module 170 are designed for face recognition, certain facial-specific features can be stored when they are stored Features of a person in the memory / processing unit 70 (see FIG. 5A) of the device according to the third exemplary embodiment, a direct comparison of the stored face-specific features of the person with the actual face-specific features of the person recorded by the camera module 170 is carried out; depending on the result of this comparison, a blocking function or a release function can then be activated in the device according to the third exemplary embodiment.
- the camera module 170 can also be used to take an image, for example in the form of a photograph, which is particularly useful in court when questions of credibility or evidence arise. Not least for these reasons, the optics of the camera module 170 are arranged in the direction of the front area of the finger (cf. FIG. 4).
- a fiber-optic area 30 is provided in the drive-over area 240, through which the optical images of the front area of the finger can be transported to the scanning unit 402.
- the shape and size of the fiber-optic area 30 corresponds approximately to the drive-over area 240. This technical measure also serves for a trouble-free and direct transport of the optical images of the front area of the finger from the drive-over area 240 to the scanning unit 402.
- the light sources 10 By arranging the light sources 10 laterally next to the fiber optic region 30 (cf. 1 and 2) and the light from the light sources 10 can be emitted in the direction of the side of the drive-over area 240 facing away from the scanning unit 402, which is to be covered by the front area of the finger, the incidence of light occurs on the front area of the finger in essential from the side. At least part of the light penetrates into the interior of the front area of the finger and is scattered there, so that the scattering occurs essentially in all directions, including in the direction of the fiber optic area 30; consequently, the invention illustrated with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6C is based to a certain extent on the transmitted light technology, that is to say the optical images of the front area of the finger are processed as transmitted light images.
- the skin strips or papillary lines successively "close” the inputs of the fibers 310 (cf. FIGS. 5B and 5C) fiber-optic region 30, so that in these regions of the fiber-optic region 30 which are closed by the skin strips or papillary lines, so-called through-light, or only very little scattered in the interior of the front region of the finger, reaches the scanning unit 402.
- the fibers 310 in the fiber-optic region 30 are surrounded by (light) reflective material in the form of a coating, which reflects the light in the respective fiber 310 back from the wall of this fiber 310 into the interior of this fiber 310.
- the transport of the optical images through the fiber-optic region 30 to the scanning unit 402 is favored in that each fiber 310 only forwards the light entering the fiber-optic region 30 at a certain region through the fiber-optic region 30 to the exit surface thereof. In this way, a change in the light pattern obtained on the entry surface of the fiber-optic region 30 is avoided.
- optical images of the front area of the finger recorded in this way thus pass through the fibers 310 of the fiber-optic area 30 into the scanning unit 402, which is part of the sensor unit 40, which is part of the sensor unit 40, and are then analyzed and processed by means of the processing unit 70, which is part of the sensor unit 40 processed.
- life support is based on an optical measurement of the steady decrease in the oxygen content due to the narrowing of the blood vessels when the front area of the finger is pressed onto the fiber-optic area 30 of the device.
- the underlying principle is that while the blood flows through the veins, oxygen is extracted from the surrounding tissue, while the blood is simultaneously contaminated with carbon dioxide; this creates a certain steady state in the ratio of oxyhemoglobin to carboxyhemoglobin. If the blood flow, that is to say the throughput with blood per unit of time, is changed, a different flow equilibrium is also established.
- the first measurement takes place when the front area of the finger is attached, preferably triggered by a capacitive start.
- a series of - for example about fifteen - measurements within a relatively short time - for example within about half a second - shows a clear monotonous drop in the blood oxygen value until a new flow equilibrium has been established again. This effect is significant and is sufficient for a clear identification of a living finger.
- a person can only be identified as authenticated or authorized if their current pulse rate does not deviate up or down from the stored pulse rate by more than ten percent; the pulse frequency thus becomes a further criterion for personal identification.
- the method for living detection with the aid of the pulse is based on the functional principle explained above.
- the periodic flow of blood through the veins caused by the pulse and the subsequent breakdown of oxygen are additionally analyzed, about two to about four pulse cycles being required, which are precisely studied by means of Fourier analysis.
- the pulse can be measured after the front area of the finger has been placed on the fiber-optic area 30 in the idle state, which also takes place after the extraction of the optical images obtained can; this shortens the response time of the device.
- EKG electrocardiogram
- the device according to FIGS. 1 to 5A can also be used to determine optical images whose degree of sharpness is so high that even the sweat glands located in the front region of the finger, which are arranged differently for each person, are clearly and clearly recognizable, so that during operation the device illustrated with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5A has the possibility of also using the sweat glands for personal identification.
- the device according to the present invention shown by way of example in FIGS. 1 to 5A, is completely visible here, and the process of the dactyloscopic person identification is comprehensible for the person to be identified transparent, since this person only has to lead the front area of his finger in a psychologically favorable manner in the direction of travel y over the travel area 240 and to cover this with the front area of the finger, but not to insert the finger into a cavity or an opening Has.
- a control means 40, 70 is provided for regulating the duration and the intensity of the light pulses emitted by the light sources.
- DSP digital signal processing unit
- the control means 40, 70 has a detection module 40 for detecting the ambient light conditions, the detection module 40 in the three exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1 to 5A being embodied uniformly with the sensor unit 40.
- the detection module 40 is followed by an evaluation module 70a for determining the duration and the intensity of the light pulses in adaptation to the ambient light conditions detected by the detection module 40, the evaluation module 70a being designed uniformly with an evaluation unit 70a, which is arranged downstream of the sensor unit 40 and after which will be discussed in detail.
- a storage module 70b for storing threshold values intended for regulating the duration and the intensity of the light pulses is likewise connected downstream of the detection module 40, the storage module 70b being embodied uniformly with at least one storage unit 70b which is arranged downstream of the sensor unit 40 and to which follows will be discussed in detail.
- Evaluation module 70a is evaluated and analyzed, a comparison being made in the evaluation module 70a with predetermined threshold values stored in the memory module 70b.
- the light sources 10 which are connected to the control means 40, 70 and in this case in particular to the evaluation module 70a, are addressed by the control means 40, 70, the duration and the intensity of the light pulses emitted by the light sources 10 being indicated the ambient light conditions determined are adapted.
- the light pulses can be designed dynamically and adaptively both in terms of their duration and their intensity, so that they can be used for any type of ambient light (e.g. strong sunshine, weak sunshine, dim light, diffuse light, gas light, moonlight, artificial lighting, ...) to provide the required light irradiation and thus to obtain high-contrast and deep images of the front area of the finger.
- ambient light e.g. strong sunshine, weak sunshine, dim light, diffuse light, gas light, moonlight, artificial lighting, .
- the adaptive light control illuminances from zero lux to about 40,000 lux can be realized, the latter illuminance value roughly corresponding to direct sunlight.
- the results that can be achieved with this adaptive light control have a contrast and depth of field increase of up to about eighty percent compared to conventional lighting systems with continuous light, the type of light control illustrated by way of example with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5A having the advantage that it changes as the light changes Illumination conditions can dose and provide the required amount of light in a time range of less than one hundred milliseconds, so that an almost constant image quality can be obtained in all conceivable lighting conditions.
- a significant advantage of the device shown by way of example using the three exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1 to 5A can be seen in the “intelligent control”, which to a certain extent itself adjusts the amount of light radiated in and adjusts it around the object to be illuminated, that is to say all around the front area of a finger, calculated separately for each area and made available, so that overexposure or underexposure in the device for dactyloscopic person identification according to FIGS. 1 to 5A is excluded with a probability bordering on certainty.
- the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 6C also enables uniform illumination of an object, for example the front region of a finger, regardless of the thickness of the object, which, moreover, also has a more or less strong light conductivity or a more or less strong one Can have reflectivity, and regardless of whether this object is now illuminated frontally, laterally and / or from the back by stray light.
- control means 40, 70 provided for the implementation of the adaptive light control in FIGS. 1 to 5A has a detection module 40, an evaluation module 70a and a memory module 70b.
- the detection module 40 is now formed uniformly with the sensor unit 40
- the photosensitive surface of the scanning unit 402 can to a certain extent itself request the required amount of light by means of the adaptive light control - and that for each of its areas - which works excellently, because the evaluation module 70a the control means 40, 70 is formed uniformly with the evaluation unit 70a
- the adaptive light control is therefore able to calculate and immediately deliver the amount of light required in view of the ambient light conditions with regard to duration and intensity in the evaluation module 70a with respect to optimum saturation for each area of the surface of the scanning unit 402.
- FIGS. 1 to 5A are of substantial importance, that in each case a filter 90 designed as a linear filter (cf. FIGS. 2, 3 and 5A) is provided in order to absorb disturbing and excess ambient light and consequently to rule out oversaturation of the scanning unit 402 with certainty.
- a filter 90 designed as a linear filter cf. FIGS. 2, 3 and 5A
- the adaptive light control has its optimal effect in FIGS. 1 to 5A when the scanning unit 402 does not, for example, go into a state of supersaturation, as it were, by normal daylight, with such a state of oversaturation being precisely due to that Arrangement of the filter 90 is prevented, because with this filter 90, the device for dactyloscopic person identification exemplified with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5A can also work with an illuminance of the ambient light of more than about 3,000 lux, with a realistic upper limit for an illuminance of the ambient light of around 40,000 lux.
- the filter 90 has an absorption level of approximately 99 percent, that is to say the light-absorbing filter 90 acts as a "dark room" as a result.
- the filter 90 is arranged between the fiber-optic region 30 and the scanning unit 402; in the second exemplary embodiment (see FIG. 3) the filter 90 on that of the scanning unit 402 facing side of the fiber optic region 30 and in this case arranged within the fiber optic region 30; and in the third exemplary embodiment (cf. FIG. 5A), the filter 90 is arranged on the side of the drive-over area 240 facing away from the scanning unit 402 and to be covered by the front area of the finger.
- the light sources 10 perform an important function in the adaptive light control in the context of the present invention. It should be taken into account here that for the purpose of uniform illumination of the front area of the finger in the three exemplary embodiments illustrated with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5A, more than one light source is provided (four light sources in each of the three exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 5A), which are symmetrical are arranged in relation to one another and are arranged in a ring, in this case in particular essentially uniformly distributed, around the fiber optic region 30 (cf. FIG. 1).
- the respective duration and the respective intensity of the light pulses emitted by the respective light source 10 can be selectively regulated in the three exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 5A in adaptation to the ambient light conditions; In other words, this means that the respective duration and the respective intensity of the light pulses emitted by the individual light sources 10 can be controlled independently of one another, in this case in particular as a function of predetermined threshold values. therefore All light sources 10 can be controlled independently of one another, the respective duration and the respective intensity being calculated in the evaluation module 70a for each light source 10 individually.
- the evaluation unit 70a and the storage unit 70b have already been mentioned above.
- these are provided in a structural unit as control means 70, which is connected to the light sources 10 and via the carrier unit 50 and via the circuit board unit 60 to the sensor unit 40; in the second exemplary embodiment (cf. FIG. 3) in structural separation as control means 70, which is connected to the light sources 10 via the printed circuit board unit 60 and to the sensor unit 40 via the support unit 50 and via the printed circuit board unit 60; and in the third exemplary embodiment (cf. FIG. 5A) integrated structurally and functionally into the circuit board unit 60.
- the storage unit 70b electronically stores the optical images. In connection with this, the evaluation unit 70a analyzes the characteristics of the front area of the finger, in particular the fingerprint, and compares these characteristics with characteristics stored in the storage unit 70b in order in this way to obtain an individual dactyloscopic one
- the data and information obtained during the analysis and during processing can also be collected and (re) stored in the storage unit 70b downstream of the sensor unit 40.
- the data and the information, in particular the fingerprint data and the data, are therefore in the storage unit 70b
- Fingerprint information stored by persons to be identified by dactyloscopy, the data and information calculated in an evaluation process from the current optical images of the front area of the finger in the evaluation unit 70a being related to and compared with the data and information stored in the storage unit 70b can.
- the person using the device is considered to be identified, authenticated or authorized, so that, for example, access is permitted; on the other hand, if there is a mismatch, the person using the device is considered not identified, not authenticated or not authorized, so that, for example, access is denied.
- the light sources 10 are each followed by an optical system 20 made of plastic and designed as a lens.
- this optical system 20 has a certain protective function, that is to say that the optical system 20 prevents the person to be identified by dactyloscopy when touching the front area of the finger can touch the sensitive and easily damaged light sources 10.
- the optical system 20 is designed to redirect the light emitted by the light sources 10 to the side of the drive-over area 240 facing away from the scanning unit 402 and to be covered by the front area of the finger, and the light emitted by the light sources 10 on the side of the scanning unit 402, to diffuse the side of the drive-over area 240 facing away from the front area of the finger.
- the first two exemplary embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are distinguished in this context in particular by the fact that the optical system 20 is designed as an ergonomically shaped finger guide.
- An ergonomically shaped finger guide which is designed in the form of a groove (see FIG.
- the transfer area 240 is arranged centrally within the finger guide (cf. FIGS. 1 and 4).
- the advantages of finger guidance namely, among other things, ensuring an optimal sweeping operation of the front area of the finger for capturing the characteristics, in particular the fingerprint, with the advantages of optical system 20, namely, inter alia, the function as a deflection component for the generated light and the like Ensure a clean, uniform illumination of the front area of the finger to be illuminated, connected.
- the adaptive light control enables smooth and uniform transitions to be achieved for the most diverse areas of the overall composite picture.
- the interaction of the adaptive light control with the finger guidance implemented in the optical system 20 (cf. FIGS. 1, 2 and 3) therefore guarantees a uniform light distribution on the object to be illuminated with the greatest possible contrast.
- the side of the optical system 20 facing away from the light sources 10 is coated with a material 80 which is permeable to the light from the light sources 10, that is to say coated with material 80 which is permeable to infrared light.
- a material 80 which is permeable to the light from the light sources 10 that is to say coated with material 80 which is permeable to infrared light.
- the side of the fiber-optic region 30 facing away from the scanning unit 402 is coated with the material which is transparent to the light from the light sources 10, that is to say with material 80 which is transparent to infrared light.
- Such a coating of the fiber optic area 30 can be of essential importance insofar as an undamaged, that is, among other things, unscratched, and clean fiber optic area 30 is essential for the proper functioning of the device for dactyloscopic person identification shown in FIG.
- the material 80 which is permeable to the light from the light sources 10 is lacquer.
- the Scanning unit 402 facing the side of the fiber optic area 30 is provided with an alphanumeric identifier 190.
- an identifier 190 has significant advantages, in particular in the event of a failure or failure of the device, because in this case instead of a - which is otherwise customary, but which can no longer be read out in the event of a failure or failure (-> among other things, problems with a warranty claim) digital personalization of the device, at least one unique identification number or the like can be included in the data record.
- the identifier 190 can be read optically and can be built into the data record to be transferred. A further security feature is therefore provided by the provision of the identifier 190, and in the event that a warranty service becomes necessary, the identification 190 can also be read out through the fiber-optic region 30 by means of a microscope or the like.
- the identifier 190 applied, for example, when the light sources 10 are inserted, is assigned to the device according to FIG. 3, in particular to the user or customer belonging to the device according to FIG. 3 (-> special identifier), and is from the side of the fiber optic facing away from the scanning unit 402 Area 30 can no longer be reached, that is to say cannot be changed or otherwise manipulated.
- ALR or ALC adaptive light control
- the background to this is the fact that the intensity distribution and consequently the contrast of the light scattered inside the front region of the finger are neither uniform nor constant over the entire width x of the optical images, but rather less in the central regions of the optical images than in the edge regions of the is optical images (cf. the diagram in FIG. 6A, in which the contrast of the light scattered in the interior of the front region of the finger is plotted schematically over the width x of the optical images);
- This is due, among other things, to the fact that the light sources 10 are arranged laterally next to the fiber optic region 30 and that the light from the light sources 10 can be emitted in the direction of the side of the drive-over region 240 facing away from the scanning unit 402 and to be covered by the front region of the finger ,
- the amplification of the electrical signals in the central regions of the optical images is greater by approximately a factor of 2 to 3 than the amplification of the electrical signals in the edge regions of the ' optical ones Images (cf. the diagram in FIG. 6B, in which the amplification of the electrical signals selected in the device for person identification from FIGS. 1 and 2 is plotted schematically over the width x of the optical images).
- Such electronic modulation by means of variable amplification factors is carried out in each line of the optical images.
- the fact that the intensity and the contrast of the scattered light in the central areas is weaker than in the edge areas can be compensated for electronically, the amplification being selective over the different areas x of the optical images It can be chosen that the output signal, which is directly proportional to the product of the respective scattered light intensity / contrast (cf. FIG. 6A) and the respective amplification factor (cf. FIG. 6B), is of approximately constant intensity; This technical measure enables the quality to be obtained with the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 Results significantly improved.
- each light source 10 has a detection unit 12 (cf. FIGS. 1 and 2) for detecting the ambient light conditions and a detection unit 12 (cf. FIGS. 1 and 2) for detecting the ambient light conditions and a detection unit 12 (cf. FIGS. 1 and 2) for detecting the ambient light conditions and a detection unit 12 (cf. FIGS. 1 and 2) for detecting the ambient light conditions and a
- Light reflector unit 14 (see. Figures 1 and 2) is assigned.
- the detection unit 12 can determine which areas of the drive-over area 240 and which areas adjacent to the drive-over area 240 are just being swept by the front area of the finger:
- the detection unit 12 reports weak or no incidence of light, this indicates that the area assigned to the detection unit 12 is just being swept by the front area of the finger; on the other hand, if the detection unit 12 reports normal and unimpaired incidence of light, this indicates that the area assigned to the detection unit 12 has already been covered by the front area of the finger or will still be covered by the front area of the finger.
- the sequence at which the above-mentioned messages from the individual detection units 12 can be used determines, inter alia, the speed at which the front area of the finger sweeps over the drive-over area 240 in the direction of travel y, so that the above-mentioned messages from the individual detection units 12 control the recording of the optical images can be coupled, coordinated and synchronized by the scanning unit 402 by means of light pulses emitted by each light source 10.
- the detection unit 12 and the light reflector unit 14 are arranged around the light source 10, the light emitted by the light source 10 and the ambient light being focused on the respective detection unit 12 by the respective light reflector unit 14.
- the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3 differs from the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 not only in that a material which is permeable to the light of the light sources 10 is applied neither to the optical system 20 nor to the fiber-optic region 30, but rather before all in that the light sources 10 are arranged on the side of the fiber-optic region 30 facing the scanning unit 402, that is to say are located below the fiber-optic region 30 in FIG.
- ALR adaptive light control
- ALC adaptive light control
- the background to this is the fact that the intensity distribution and consequently the contrast of the light scattered inside the front region of the finger are neither uniform nor constant over the entire width x of the optical images, but rather less in the central regions of the optical images than in the edge regions of the is optical images (cf. the diagram in FIG. 6A, in which the contrast of the light scattered in the interior of the front region of the finger is plotted schematically over the width x of the optical images);
- This is due, among other things, to the fact that the light sources 10 are arranged laterally next to the fiber optic region 30 and that the light from the light sources 10 can be emitted in the direction of the side of the drive-over region 240 facing away from the scanning unit 402 and to be covered by the front region of the finger ,
- the density of the optical filter 90 and consequently the degree of absorption in the edge regions of the optical images is greater by approximately a factor of 2 to 3 or by approximately six decibels to approximately ten decibels the degree of absorption of the filter 90 in the central regions of the optical images (cf. the diagram in FIG. 6C, in which the absorption of the filter 90 selected in the device for person identification from FIG. 3 is plotted schematically over the width x of the optical images).
- the fact that the intensity and the contrast of the scattered light is weaker in the central regions than in the peripheral regions can be compensated for in a manner accomplished by means of optical modulation, the degree of absorption being selective over the different regions x of the optical ones Images can be selected so that the output signal, which is directly proportional to the quotient of the respective scattered light intensity / contrast (cf. FIG. 6A) and the respective degree of absorption (cf. FIG. 6C), is of approximately constant intensity; This technical measure significantly improves the quality of the results that can be obtained with the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
- the light sources 10 are in the three exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 5A of the present invention are laterally spaced from the scanning unit 402.
- This structural separation of light sources 10 and scanning unit 402 is advantageous in that, in order to achieve proper operation of the device, it is to be avoided that light comes directly from the light source 10 into the scanning unit 402; rather, only light should come into the scanning unit 402 that was previously scattered inside the front area of the finger and consequently carries information regarding the skin strips or papillary lines.
- the first two exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 differ from the third exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5A essentially in that the fibers 310 in the fiber optic region 30 are arranged essentially parallel to one another in order to ensure proper transport of the front To ensure area of the finger originating, optical images carrying light through the fiber optic area 30 to the scanning unit 402.
- the fibers 310, 320 in the fiber optic region 30 of the third exemplary embodiment essentially have two directions which are arranged at an angle of approximately 45 degrees to one another.
- the fibers 310, 320 are arranged in layers in the fiber-optic region 30, that is to say the fibers 310, 320 within a layer are essentially parallel to one another and the fibers 310, 320 of adjacent layers are arranged at an angle of approximately 45 degrees to one another.
- the third exemplary embodiment cf. FIGS.
- the fibers 320 of the fiber-optic region 30 arranged in one direction at an angle of approximately 45 degrees to the other direction are for transporting the light from the light source 10 onto that from the scanning unit 402 facing away from the side of the fiber optic region 30, while the fibers 310 of the fiber optic region 30 arranged in the other direction are provided for transporting the optical images to the scanning unit 40.
- the arrangement of an optical system 20 according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is obsolete in that the arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C with two preferred directions for the fibers 310, 320 is obsolete to the extent that it is uniform Illumination of the front area of the finger is ensured by the fibers 320 of the fiber optic area 30 arranged in one direction at an angle of approximately 45 degrees to the other direction.
- the fiber-optic region 30 that extends into the region above the light source 10 so that the latter is covered and protected from manual intervention (see FIGS. 3 and 5A).
- two barrier layers 130 are provided in the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3, which are impermeable to the light from the light sources 10. These barrier layers 130 prevent light emitted by the light sources 10 from reaching the scanning unit 402 directly, that is to say without scattering in the front region of the finger.
- barrier layers 130 within the fiber optic region 30 serve two barrier layers 140 which are provided between the light source 10 and the scanning unit 402 in the three exemplary embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS are also opaque to the light from the light sources 10.
- the side of the fiber-optic region 30 facing away from the light sources 10 has a material 80 that is transparent to the light of the light sources 10, that is to say coated with material 80 that is transparent to infrared light, for example with commercially available clear lacquer.
- material 80 that is transparent to infrared light, for example with commercially available clear lacquer.
- the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 4 and 5A has a display device 65 for displaying the various operating states of the device.
- the display device 65 is provided with an illuminated display, which also enables color-defective persons to detect the respective operating state of the device by means of a correspondingly flashing light signal.
- a capacitive circuit 75 integrated in the control means 40, 70 is provided, by means of which the device according to FIGS. 4 and 5A changes into the “sleep” mode after a predetermined period of non-use and by means of which the device according to FIGS.
- both the "sleep" function and the “wake up” function are implemented in the device in accordance with the third exemplary embodiment in that recesses 150 in which form a braid or grid are implemented
- the form of tracks and / or in the form of lines are etched into the fiber-optic region 30 by means of acid, a metal, namely chrome, being filled into these recesses 150; In other words, this means that the chrome ported into the recesses 150.
- chromium is to be preferred here on account of the favorable properties of this metal, since chromium is both chemically and mechanically resistant, the recesses 150 causing only very little abrasion on the fiber-optic region 30.
- ESD electrostatic discharge
- the recesses 150 have a width of approximately five micrometers; since the fibers 310, 320 of the fiber optic region 30 now have a diameter of approximately six micrometers and the pixels on the scanning unit 402 are dimensioned from approximately fifty micrometers to approximately fifty micrometers, the chrome braid or chrome grating does not cause a noticeable reduction in the quality of the optical images that can be obtained; the loss of brightness caused by the chrome mesh or chrome mesh is also less than five percent.
- the fiber-optic region 30 has two active zones 302, 306 and a passive zone 304 lying between the active zones 302, 306, as can be seen from the top view of FIG. 5D.
- the rectangular active zones 302, 306 serve to trigger the capacitive start described above, which only occurs when the front area of the finger is positioned correctly, that is, when the front area of the finger has both active zones 302, 306 touched simultaneously or rests on both active zones 302, 306 simultaneously.
- the passive zone 304 which is also rectangular in shape and occupies a larger area than the active zones 302, 306, has no electrical function, but rather serves to maintain the optical properties uniformly over the entire fiber-optic region 30.
- the distance between the edge of the active zone 302, 306 and the edge of the passive zone 304 is about fifty microns, given the diameter of the fibers 310, 320 of the fiber optic A region 30 of approximately six micrometers and a dimensioning of the pixels on the scanning unit 402 from approximately fifty micrometers to approximately fifty micrometers do not produce any unnecessary dividing lines in the optical images.
- the width of the active zones 302, 306 and the passive zone 304 is selected to be slightly larger than the width of the scanning unit 402: the width of the active zones 302, 306 and the passive zone 304 is approximately thirteen millimeters, whereas the width of the scanning unit 402 is approximately twelve millimeters.
- the active zones 302 and 306 are bonded by means of two conductor tracks 152, 154 and 156, 158 each with an associated contact (“pad”) 160 and 161 from the top "and electrically connected, the contacts 160, 161 each having an extent of approximately one millimeter to approximately two millimeters.
- two conductor tracks arranged at a distance from one another are provided in the form of chrome tracks 152, 154 or 156, 158, by means of which a high redundancy of the connection to the assigned contacts 160 or 161 is ensured.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10190171T DE10190171D2 (de) | 2000-01-23 | 2001-01-23 | Vorrichtung zur daktyloskopischen Personenidentifikation |
AU2001226806A AU2001226806A1 (en) | 2000-01-23 | 2001-01-23 | Device for identifying persons in a dactyloscopic manner |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10002767.9 | 2000-01-23 | ||
DE10002767A DE10002767A1 (de) | 2000-01-23 | 2000-01-23 | Vorrichtung zur daktyloskopischen Personenidentifikation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2001054051A2 true WO2001054051A2 (de) | 2001-07-26 |
WO2001054051A3 WO2001054051A3 (de) | 2002-05-30 |
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PCT/EP2001/000708 WO2001054051A2 (de) | 2000-01-23 | 2001-01-23 | Vorrichtung zur daktyloskopischen personenidentifikation |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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AU (1) | AU2001226806A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10002767A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001054051A2 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1318473A2 (de) * | 2001-12-04 | 2003-06-11 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Bildeingabegerät und -methode mit Korrektur der Beleuchtung des abgebildeten Objekts |
US9311545B2 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2016-04-12 | Blackberry Limited | Multicolor biometric scanning user interface |
US9418273B2 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2016-08-16 | Blackberry Limited | Structure for multicolor biometric scanning user interface |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP3770241B2 (ja) | 2003-03-04 | 2006-04-26 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 個人認証装置及び個人認証方法 |
DE10332830B4 (de) * | 2003-07-18 | 2014-01-02 | Wi-Lan, Inc. | Integrierter optischer Fingerabdrucksensor als Halbleiterbauelement |
DE102005050807B4 (de) * | 2005-10-24 | 2010-04-08 | Dan Hossu | Vorrichtung zur Messung von Erhöhungen und/oder Vertiefungen einer Oberfläche |
DE102015115381A1 (de) | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | JENETRIC GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur optischen Aufnahme von Abdrücken von durchbluteten Hautbereichen |
DE102015115484C5 (de) | 2015-09-14 | 2019-11-21 | JENETRIC GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur optischen Direktaufnahme von lebenden Hautbereichen |
DE102016203610A1 (de) * | 2016-03-04 | 2017-09-07 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Wert- oder Sicherheitsdokument mit einem Sensor zum Erfassen einer Nutzerinteraktion und einer elektronischen Schaltung |
DE102018101532A1 (de) * | 2018-01-24 | 2019-07-25 | Iris-Gmbh Infrared & Intelligent Sensors | Sensorsystem |
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WO1986006266A1 (en) * | 1985-05-02 | 1986-11-06 | Jydsk Telefon A/S | Method and apparatus for automatic scanning of fingerprints |
US5449290A (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1995-09-12 | Reitz; Georg | Dental mirror incorporating air flow |
US5680205A (en) * | 1996-08-16 | 1997-10-21 | Dew Engineering And Development Ltd. | Fingerprint imaging apparatus with auxiliary lens |
WO2000039744A1 (de) * | 1998-12-23 | 2000-07-06 | Delsy Electronic Components Ag | Vorrichtung zur personenidentifikation |
-
2000
- 2000-01-23 DE DE10002767A patent/DE10002767A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-01-23 DE DE10190171T patent/DE10190171D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-23 WO PCT/EP2001/000708 patent/WO2001054051A2/de active Application Filing
- 2001-01-23 AU AU2001226806A patent/AU2001226806A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
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WO1986006266A1 (en) * | 1985-05-02 | 1986-11-06 | Jydsk Telefon A/S | Method and apparatus for automatic scanning of fingerprints |
US5449290A (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1995-09-12 | Reitz; Georg | Dental mirror incorporating air flow |
US5680205A (en) * | 1996-08-16 | 1997-10-21 | Dew Engineering And Development Ltd. | Fingerprint imaging apparatus with auxiliary lens |
WO2000039744A1 (de) * | 1998-12-23 | 2000-07-06 | Delsy Electronic Components Ag | Vorrichtung zur personenidentifikation |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1318473A2 (de) * | 2001-12-04 | 2003-06-11 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Bildeingabegerät und -methode mit Korrektur der Beleuchtung des abgebildeten Objekts |
EP1318473A3 (de) * | 2001-12-04 | 2005-05-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Bildeingabegerät und -methode mit Korrektur der Beleuchtung des abgebildeten Objekts |
US7123755B2 (en) | 2001-12-04 | 2006-10-17 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image input apparatus, subject identification system, subject verification system and image input method |
US7567691B2 (en) | 2001-12-04 | 2009-07-28 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image input apparatus, subject identification system, subject verification system and image input method |
CN1912892B (zh) * | 2001-12-04 | 2011-01-05 | 佳能株式会社 | 图像输入装置、被摄物核对***及图像输入方法 |
US9311545B2 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2016-04-12 | Blackberry Limited | Multicolor biometric scanning user interface |
US9418273B2 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2016-08-16 | Blackberry Limited | Structure for multicolor biometric scanning user interface |
US9589196B2 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2017-03-07 | Blackberry Limited | Multicolor biometric scanning user interface |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10002767A1 (de) | 2001-07-26 |
AU2001226806A1 (en) | 2001-07-31 |
DE10190171D2 (de) | 2003-04-30 |
WO2001054051A3 (de) | 2002-05-30 |
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