WO2001030520A1 - Poudres intermetalliques nanometriques - Google Patents

Poudres intermetalliques nanometriques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001030520A1
WO2001030520A1 PCT/US2000/029105 US0029105W WO0130520A1 WO 2001030520 A1 WO2001030520 A1 WO 2001030520A1 US 0029105 W US0029105 W US 0029105W WO 0130520 A1 WO0130520 A1 WO 0130520A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
powder
intermetallic
nanosized
intermetallic powder
magnetic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/029105
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Seetharama C. Deevi
Clifford A. Lilly, Jr.
Original Assignee
Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated filed Critical Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated
Priority to AU12218/01A priority Critical patent/AU1221801A/en
Priority to US10/110,534 priority patent/US6746508B1/en
Priority to CA002426665A priority patent/CA2426665C/fr
Priority to EP00973743A priority patent/EP1244530A4/fr
Publication of WO2001030520A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001030520A1/fr
Priority to US10/840,660 priority patent/US7547344B2/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y25/00—Nanomagnetism, e.g. magnetoimpedance, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance or tunneling magnetoresistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/047—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy comprising intermetallic compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K1/00—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion
    • G06K1/12—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion otherwise than by punching
    • G06K1/125—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion otherwise than by punching by magnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/08—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means
    • G06K19/10—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means at least one kind of marking being used for authentication, e.g. of credit or identity cards
    • G06K19/12—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means at least one kind of marking being used for authentication, e.g. of credit or identity cards the marking being sensed by magnetic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/0036—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties showing low dimensional magnetism, i.e. spin rearrangements due to a restriction of dimensions, e.g. showing giant magnetoresistivity
    • H01F1/0045—Zero dimensional, e.g. nanoparticles, soft nanoparticles for medical/biological use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/44—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
    • H05K1/092—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks
    • H05K1/097—Inks comprising nanoparticles and specially adapted for being sintered at low temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to nanosized powders for applications such as structural, magnetic, catalytic, resistive and electronic, and bar coding applications.
  • Nanocrystalline materials such as nanocrystalline nickel have been reported to have uses such as wear resistant coatings, hydrogen storage materials, magnetic materials and catalysts for hydrogen evolution. See U.S. Patent No. 5,352,266 wherein it is reported that nanocrystalline materials, nanophase materials or nanometer-sized crystalline materials can be prepared by sputtering, laser ablation, inert gas condensation, oven evaporation, spray conversion pyrolysis, flame hydrolysis, high speed deposition, high energy milling, sol-gel deposition and electrodeposition.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,547,649 discloses the use of nanocrystalline titania for hydrogen sulfide conversion.
  • Nanocrystalline materials have been reportedly made from metals (e.g., M50 type steel, Pd, Cu, intermetallics (e.g., Al 52 Ti 48 )), semiconductors such as Si, metal carbonates such as
  • Perez and coworkers reportedly synthesized nanocrystalline Fe-10 at. % Al using cryogenic milling at liquid nitrogen temperature.
  • the thermal stability of the milled material was found to be significantly higher than that of Fe milled under analogous conditions. The authors speculated that this increase in stability might be due to the formation of fine dispersoids of ⁇ - Al 2 O 3 or AIN, which would restrict the movement of the grain boundaries.
  • ball milling as a means by which nanocrystalline metallic alloys may be synthesized, there are some problems and limitations.
  • the microstructure of the milled products is very sensitive to the grinding conditions and may be unpredictably affected by unwanted contamination from the milling media and atmosphere. In addition, excessively long periods of milling time may be required. (Amilis, X., et al., Nanostructured Materials 12:801 (1999); Perez R. J., et al., Nanostructured Materials, 7:565 (1996)).
  • a process for manufacturing a magnetic core made of an iron-based soft magnetic alloy having a nanocrystalline structure is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,922,143. Nanocrystalline alloys having magnetic properties are also disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,340,413 and 5,611,871.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,381,664 discloses a nanocomposite superparamagnetic material that includes nanosized particles of a magnetic component (rare earth and transition element) dispersed within a bulk matrix.
  • the present invention provides a variety of new uses for nanosized powders, the new uses utilizing advantageous and/or unique properties of such nanosized powders.
  • the present invention provides intermetallic nanosized powders having a variety of applications.
  • the powders can be made by techniques which provide control over the size, shape, and surface morphology of the nanoparticles that are produced. Precise control of shape, size and surface morphology of materials at the nano scale level should serve as the underlying basis for building new high performance innovative materials that possess novel electronic, magnetic, and catalytic properties. Such materials are essential for technological advances in various fields of applications.
  • the present invention relates to development of new applications of nanosized intermetallic powders, such powders being made by any suitable technique such as atomizing, laser evaporation, chemical or other techniques, e.g., the laser evaporation technique includes subjecting a starting material to laser energy so as to form a vapor and condensing the vapor so as to form intermetallic nanoparticles.
  • the nanosized intermetallic powders can be made of binary intermetallic alloy compositions or complex intermetallic alloy compositions of alloy systems such as aluminides (e.g., iron aluminide, nickel aluminide or titanium aluminide) or intermetallic magnetic alloy compositions such as iron-cobalt alloys.
  • the iron aluminide compositions can include Fe 3 Al and FeAl type compositions, e.g., various ⁇ e_AX and FeAl compositions including 4-32 wt. % Al and various alloying elements including Mo, Zr, B, C, etc. are disclosed in commonly owned U.S. Patent No. 5,620,651 and other iron aluminide compositions are disclosed in the patents and publications cited therein.
  • the titanium aluminide compositions can include TiAl type compositions, e.g., various TiAl compositions including 25-35 wt. % Al and various alloying elements such as Nb, Ta, W and B are disclosed in commonly owned U.S.
  • the nickel aluminide compositions can include Ni 3 Al and NiAl type compositions, e.g., various nickel aluminide compositions are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,006,308.
  • Various soft magnetic Fe-Co alloys including additions such as Ta, Nb, V, Mo and Cr are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,933,026; 5,252,940; and 5,817,191.
  • Nanosized powder materials according to the invention can be prepared by any suitable technique such as chemical synthesis, gas-phase synthesis, condensed phase synthesis, high speed deposition by ionized cluster beams, consolidation, high speed milling, deposition and sol-gel methods. Such powders can enhance the ductility of FeAl and TiAl by using nanosized intermetallic powders as opposed to atomized powders. The same results can be accomplished with Ni 3 Al and NiAl powders.
  • One object of the invention is to obtain intermetallics such as Fe 3 Al and FeAl with unique magnetic properties so that they can be used for magnetic applications such as bar coding and for magnetic ink applications. Iron aluminides may also be printed on electronic circuits for magnetic applications.
  • the oxidation resistance of iron aluminides may allow such magnets to be used at high temperatures.
  • Nanosized powders of Fe 3 Al and FeAl may be used to manufacture resistive inks for thick film electronic circuits to print resistors that are stable to high temperatures. Powders produced in the presence of oxygen may have a film around the particle and such powders may be used to obtain resistive inks with higher resistivities. Today this is accomplished with the addition of oxides. Further, brilliance of the inks can be improved by small additions of the intermetallic particles of Cu-Al to existing inks.
  • Nanosized intermetallic powders such as Fe 3 Al, FeAl, TiAl, NiAl, and Ni 3 Al with very unique properties as compared to the bulk materials obtained by melting and atomization techniques.
  • Nanosized intermetallic powders also exhibit unique magnetic properties. They can be processed at low temperatures to fully dense intermetallics. In contrast, water and gas atomized powders require temperatures in the range 1200 to 1300°C.
  • fully dense intermetallics based on nanosized powders (as compared to the atomized powders) can exhibit high ductility due to the small grain size nature of the product. They can be processed by laser evaporation and/or chemical decomposition techniques.
  • the powders can be produced in inert atmospheres such as argon or helium, or by bleeding a certain amount of oxygen, nitrogen, or ammonia to alter the surface property of the powders. Modification of the surface property will allow dispersion of the powder for tape casting, and for preparation of the inks for digital printing technology.
  • the sizes of the particles may be altered by the residence time of the laser pulse, cooling time, temperature, etc.
  • the invention can provide savings on processing time, temperature, cost, ease of processing, much better engineering materials, ability to make specialty inks, resistive pastes, etc.
  • Nanoparticles often exhibit novel properties, which are different from the bulk materials' properties. Many of these properties show strong dependence on size, shape and surface preparation. The characterization of these properties can ultimately lead to identifying many potential uses, particularly in the field of catalysis.
  • LVCC denotes the pulsed laser vaporization with controlled condensation technique carried out in a diffusion cloud chamber under well-defined conditions of temperature and pressure. It allows the synthesis of a wide body of nanoparticles of metal oxides, carbides and nitrides. Furthermore, the same method can be coupled to plasma and ionic polymerization techniques, thus allowing the incorporation of the metallic nanoparticles within polymer films.
  • the LVCC method can be used for the synthesis of nanoparticles of intermetallic alloys.
  • Intermetallic alloys such as FeAl, Fe j Al, NiAl, TiAl, CuAl 2 and FeCoV exhibit a wide variety of interesting mechanical, electronic, photochemical and catalytic properties. In contrast to bulk materials, the FeAl nanoparticles exhibit magnetic properties at room temperature.
  • the nanosized intermetallic powders according to the invention can be used in structural applications.
  • the nanosized intermetallic powders can be processed into articles such as sheets, rods, bars and thin foils.
  • intermetallic alloys are brittle and therefore difficult to process
  • powder metallurgical processing techniques have been developed to form articles using powders of the intermetallic alloys.
  • Use of nanosized powders can provide processing advantages in that the small size of the powders can provide better ductility of the articles formed from the powder. That is, according to the Hall-Petch relationship, as the grain size becomes smaller the strength and elongation increase.
  • nanosized powders offer the possibility to obtain improvements in processing by powder metallurgical techniques compared to the use of gas atomized or water atomized powders.
  • the nanosized powders can be processed according to the techniques disclosed in commonly owned U.S. Patent No. 6,030,472, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the powders can be processed by roll compaction wherein the nanosized intermetallic powder is mixed with a binder and roll compacted into a strip, the binder is burned out, the strip is sintered, cold rolled and annealed until the desired size is achieved.
  • the sintering be carried out at temperatures which prevent grain growth.
  • grain growth inhibitors such as nanosized or larger oxide particles for restricting grain growth can be incorporated in the powder mixture to minimize grain growth during sintering.
  • the nanosized powder could be also processed by tape casting a mixture of the nanosized powder and organic binder followed by sintering, cold rolling and annealing as in the case of roll compaction.
  • the small size of the powders will allow the sintering to be carried out at lower temperatures and/or for shorter times since the small powder size provides a higher surface area which is favorable for sintering of the particles together. Also, due to the small powder size it is possible to achieve higher density upon compaction of the powder which allows higher densities to be achieved during sintering. For example, a 6-9 nm FeAl powder can be uniaxially compressed to close to 95% density and because of the reduced porosity, during sintering it is possible to achieve nearly 100% theoretical density.
  • Structural applications for the nanosized intermetallic powders according to the invention can include heating elements, furnace fixtures, heat-exchanger piping, sintered porous gas-metal filters, automobile and other industrial valve components, catalytic converter substrates and components for molten salt applications. Additional applications include parts exposed to high-temperature oxidation and/or corrosive environments. Other applications include parts requiring resistance to carburization, sulfidation and/or molten salt.
  • the nanosized powder can be used to form bulk parts or it can be used as a coating on or filler in parts.
  • Examples of specific parts include trays, baskets, retorts, muffles, roller conveyors, dies, heat exchangers, burners, heating elements, waste incinerators, forged components such as valves or valve inserts for automotive applications, nozzles, axles, spindles, shafts, turbine engine mounts, housings, turbine blades, vanes, tail pipes, seals and shafts, filters, desalination units, hot gas filters for coal gasification systems, medical instruments, medical implants, honeycomb structures for automobile, diesel and aircraft exhaust systems, etc.
  • Magnetic applications of the magnetic nanosized intermetallic powder according to the invention include transformers, choke coils, etc.
  • Nanosized magnetic intermetallic alloy compositions include Fe 3 Al, FeAl or FeCoV type alloy systems.
  • the nanosized magnetic powder can be processed into suitable forms such as bulk parts or thin ribbons, wires, etc. During processing of the powders, it is desirable to minimize grain growth so that the sintered powders provide a part with nanocrystalline grain size and high magnetic permeability.
  • the nanosized powder can also be used as a coating, filler or magnetic ink. Due to the small size of the magnetic powder, parts can be formed with high mechanical properties and high saturization magnetization.
  • the invention also provides intermetallic nanosized powders useful as catalyst materials.
  • the powders can be used to support noble metal catalysts such as platinum, palladium, rhodium or the like on the surface of the nanosized powders.
  • the nanosized powders with the noble metal catalyst thereon can be formed into a paste and printed or sprayed onto a substrate.
  • the catalyst containing nanosized powders can be embedded in a support material.
  • the high surface area of the nanosized powder provides enhanced chemical activity, i.e., the catalyst material can achieve a greater degree of catalyst activity.
  • the nanosized intermetallic powder according to the invention can be used as a catalyst in various applications including catalytic converters, hydrocracking catalysts used for hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodesulfurization and hydrodemetallation, hydrogen sulfide conversion, and the like.
  • the nanosized intermetallic powders according to the invention are also useful for resistive heating applications. Such powders can be applied as a thin film paste to a substrate and used as heating elements.
  • a preferred composition for such heating elements is a Ni-free and Cr-free FeAl type composition, examples of which can be found in commonly owned U.S. Patent No. 5,620,651, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the FeAl type composition can include, in weight percent, 14-32% Al, ⁇ 1% Cr, 0.05- 1% Zr, Mo in an amount effective to promote solid solution hardening of the alloy and provide resistance to creep of the alloy when exposed to high temperatures, balance including Fe.
  • the alloy can include ⁇ 30% electrically insulating and/or electrically conductive covalent ceramic particles or fibers or the alloy can be free of such particles or fibers.
  • the alloy can include additions such as ⁇ 2% Mo, ⁇ 2% Ti, ⁇ 2% Si, ⁇ 0.5% Y, ⁇ 0.1% B, ⁇ 1% Nb, ⁇ 1% Ta, ⁇ 3% Cu and ⁇ 1% C.
  • the alloy composition can be selected to exhibit a room temperature resistivity of 80-400 micro ohms.cm.
  • a preferred alloy includes 21-30% Al, ⁇ 1% Cr, 0.0025- 0.01% B, 0.3-0.5% Mo, 0.05-0.15% Zr, 0.01-0.1% C, balance Fe.
  • the nanosized intermetallic powder according to the invention offers advantages in screen printing applications.
  • the nanosized powder provides high resolution and small feature size useful in screen printing applications and avoids the need for grinding the powder to achieve a small size for the paste used in the screen printing operation.
  • the nanosized powder according to the invention can be used for superfine circuit patterns on various substrates such as sintered ceramic substrates (e.g., alumina or aluminum nitride), or directly on green ceramic tapes.
  • the nanosized powder can be screen printed on a green ceramic tape and the screen printed tape can be processed by steps including drying, debinding and sintering to produce the desired article.
  • ceramic powder can be incorporated in the screen printed film whereby the resistance of a printed resistor or other circuit element can be changed by, for example, 2-4 orders of magnitude.
  • thick film conductors, resistors and capacitors Details of thick film circuit formation are described in the chapter entitled “Thick Film Circuits” in Volume 4 of the Engineered Materials Handbook entitled “Ceramics and Glasses", pages 1140-1144, 1991, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • thick film compositions include a vehicle or screening agent, a glass frit and functional materials, the vehicle allowing the formation of an ink with the required rheology for easy application to the substrate.
  • nanosized intermetallic powders as a functional material/additive, it is possible to obtain a uniform distribution of the nanosized powder in the thick film composition and avoid agglomeration or settling of such powder during the screen printing process.
  • the electrical properties of the screen printed circuit can be varied by incorporating nanosized or larger oxide powder with the intermetallic alloy powder.
  • the functional screen printed composition can include conductors, resistors and dielectrics such as capacitors.
  • intermetallic nanosized powders according to the invention is for magnetic ink useful for printing applications such as bar codes or magnetic images on documents or packaging.
  • Printed bar codes are typically optically scanned to derive data which is digitized, stored in memory and subsequently decoded to recover the data encoded in the bar code.
  • Such bar codes may comprise black or dark colored bar type elements printed on a white or light colored background area with white or light colored spaces between the elements of the bar code.
  • the bar code can be printed with a magnetic substance such as magnetic ink so as to be readable both by an optical reader and a magnetic reader. See, for instance, U.S. Patent No. 5,938,726, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the nanosized intermetallic magnetic powder according to the invention offers the potential for forming such bar codes with smaller lines due to the small size of the metal powders and because of the fineness of the powder, the powders exhibit increased zeta potential, that is, as the size of the powder decreases, the surface charge increases.
  • the nanosized intermetallic magnetic powders can comprise Fe 3 Al, FeAl or FeCoV alloy compositions.
  • the nanosized magnetic powder offers increased sensitivity allowing the bar code to be read with readers set at lower power levels thus enabling magnetic bar codes in accordance with the invention to distinguish authentic goods or documents from counterfeit goods or documents. That is, counterfeit goods including counterfeit bar codes could be readily distinguished since they would not include the highly magnetized intermetallic powder according to the invention.
  • images containing the magnetic powder according to the invention would have increased magnetic properties allowing the images (e.g., bar codes) to be read with more sensitive scanners whereas such sensitive scanners would not be able to read the counterfeit images.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des nanoparticules d'alliages intermétalliques, tels que FeAl, Fe3Al, NiAl, TiAl et FeCoV, qui présentent une grande variété d'applications dans le domaine structural, magnétique, catalytique, résistif, électronique et de codage par codes à barres. Les poudres nanométriques peuvent être utilisées afin de produire des parties structurales présentant des propriétés mécaniques améliorées, des parties magnétiques présentant une saturation magnétique améliorée, des matériaux de catalyse présentant une activité catalytique améliorée, des éléments de circuit à couche mince présentant une résolution améliorée et des images sérigraphiées, telles que des codes à barres magnétiques, présentant des propriétés magnétiques améliorées. Contrairement aux matériaux à base de FeAl en vrac, qui ne sont pas magnétiques à température ambiante, les nanoparticules selon cette invention présentent des propriétés magnétiques à température ambiante.
PCT/US2000/029105 1999-10-22 2000-10-23 Poudres intermetalliques nanometriques WO2001030520A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU12218/01A AU1221801A (en) 1999-10-22 2000-10-23 Nanosized intermetallic powders
US10/110,534 US6746508B1 (en) 1999-10-22 2000-10-23 Nanosized intermetallic powders
CA002426665A CA2426665C (fr) 1999-10-22 2000-10-23 Poudres intermetalliques nanometriques
EP00973743A EP1244530A4 (fr) 1999-10-22 2000-10-23 Poudres intermetalliques nanometriques
US10/840,660 US7547344B2 (en) 1999-10-22 2004-05-07 Nanosized intermetallic powders

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16086499P 1999-10-22 1999-10-22
US60/160,864 1999-10-22

Related Child Applications (2)

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US10110354 A-371-Of-International 2000-10-23
US10/840,660 Division US7547344B2 (en) 1999-10-22 2004-05-07 Nanosized intermetallic powders

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AU (1) AU1221801A (fr)
CA (1) CA2426665C (fr)
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Cited By (12)

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WO2004005413A1 (fr) * 2002-07-03 2004-01-15 Nanopowders Industries Ltd. Nano-encres conductrices frittees a basses temperatures et procede de production de ces dernieres
WO2004110686A2 (fr) * 2003-06-13 2004-12-23 Philip Morris Products S.A. Particules nanometriques d'aluminiure de fer et de carbure d'aluminium de fer obtenues par reduction de sels de fer
DE10330394A1 (de) * 2003-07-04 2005-01-27 Sustech Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung oberflächenbeschichteter nanoskaliger Teilchen durch Polymerbeschichtung in der Gasphase
WO2006069815A1 (fr) * 2004-12-23 2006-07-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Marquage destine a l'identification d'un composant et composant
WO2006126101A2 (fr) * 2005-05-27 2006-11-30 Philip Morris Products S.A. Support intermetallique lisible magnetiquement
WO2006137912A1 (fr) * 2004-10-14 2006-12-28 E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Compositions durcies contenant de fines particules magnetiques, procede pour les preparer et utilisation de celles-ci
US7175826B2 (en) 2003-12-29 2007-02-13 General Electric Company Compositions and methods for hydrogen storage and recovery
US7566360B2 (en) 2002-06-13 2009-07-28 Cima Nanotech Israel Ltd. Nano-powder-based coating and ink compositions
US7601406B2 (en) 2002-06-13 2009-10-13 Cima Nanotech Israel Ltd. Nano-powder-based coating and ink compositions
US7736693B2 (en) 2002-06-13 2010-06-15 Cima Nanotech Israel Ltd. Nano-powder-based coating and ink compositions
EP2425027A4 (fr) * 2000-04-14 2012-03-07 Philip Morris Usa Inc Traitement d'aluminides de fer par frittage sans pression de fer et aluminium elementaires
RU2708731C1 (ru) * 2019-07-17 2019-12-11 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева - КАИ" (КНИТУ-КАИ) Способ получения интерметаллидных композиционных материалов на основе порошковых систем Fe-Al

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EP2425027A1 (fr) * 2000-04-14 2012-03-07 Philip Morris USA Inc. Traitement d'aluminides de fer par frittage sans pression de fer et aluminium elementaires
EP2425027A4 (fr) * 2000-04-14 2012-03-07 Philip Morris Usa Inc Traitement d'aluminides de fer par frittage sans pression de fer et aluminium elementaires
US7566360B2 (en) 2002-06-13 2009-07-28 Cima Nanotech Israel Ltd. Nano-powder-based coating and ink compositions
US7736693B2 (en) 2002-06-13 2010-06-15 Cima Nanotech Israel Ltd. Nano-powder-based coating and ink compositions
US7601406B2 (en) 2002-06-13 2009-10-13 Cima Nanotech Israel Ltd. Nano-powder-based coating and ink compositions
WO2004005413A1 (fr) * 2002-07-03 2004-01-15 Nanopowders Industries Ltd. Nano-encres conductrices frittees a basses temperatures et procede de production de ces dernieres
US7677255B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2010-03-16 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Nanoscale particles of iron aluminide and iron aluminum carbide by the reduction of iron salts
US7004993B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2006-02-28 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Nanoscale particles of iron aluminide and iron aluminum carbide by the reduction of iron salts
WO2004110686A3 (fr) * 2003-06-13 2005-02-17 Philip Morris Prod Particules nanometriques d'aluminiure de fer et de carbure d'aluminium de fer obtenues par reduction de sels de fer
WO2004110686A2 (fr) * 2003-06-13 2004-12-23 Philip Morris Products S.A. Particules nanometriques d'aluminiure de fer et de carbure d'aluminium de fer obtenues par reduction de sels de fer
DE10330394A1 (de) * 2003-07-04 2005-01-27 Sustech Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung oberflächenbeschichteter nanoskaliger Teilchen durch Polymerbeschichtung in der Gasphase
US7175826B2 (en) 2003-12-29 2007-02-13 General Electric Company Compositions and methods for hydrogen storage and recovery
WO2006137912A1 (fr) * 2004-10-14 2006-12-28 E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Compositions durcies contenant de fines particules magnetiques, procede pour les preparer et utilisation de celles-ci
WO2006069815A1 (fr) * 2004-12-23 2006-07-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Marquage destine a l'identification d'un composant et composant
WO2006126101A3 (fr) * 2005-05-27 2007-03-29 Philip Morris Prod Support intermetallique lisible magnetiquement
WO2006126101A2 (fr) * 2005-05-27 2006-11-30 Philip Morris Products S.A. Support intermetallique lisible magnetiquement
US8771846B2 (en) 2005-05-27 2014-07-08 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Intermetallic magnetically readable medium
US10489615B2 (en) 2005-05-27 2019-11-26 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Intermetallic magnetically readable medium
RU2708731C1 (ru) * 2019-07-17 2019-12-11 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева - КАИ" (КНИТУ-КАИ) Способ получения интерметаллидных композиционных материалов на основе порошковых систем Fe-Al

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EP1244530A4 (fr) 2009-12-16
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EP1244530A1 (fr) 2002-10-02
CA2426665A1 (fr) 2001-05-03

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