WO1998029012A1 - Cellule de remplissage de couvertures et similaires - Google Patents

Cellule de remplissage de couvertures et similaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998029012A1
WO1998029012A1 PCT/EP1997/007323 EP9707323W WO9829012A1 WO 1998029012 A1 WO1998029012 A1 WO 1998029012A1 EP 9707323 W EP9707323 W EP 9707323W WO 9829012 A1 WO9829012 A1 WO 9829012A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shell material
inner shell
layer
cell
construction according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1997/007323
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tobias Kirchhoff
Original Assignee
Kirchhoff International Gmbh Münster
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kirchhoff International Gmbh Münster filed Critical Kirchhoff International Gmbh Münster
Priority to AU58609/98A priority Critical patent/AU5860998A/en
Publication of WO1998029012A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998029012A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G9/00—Bed-covers; Counterpanes; Travelling rugs; Sleeping rugs; Sleeping bags; Pillows
    • A47G9/02—Bed linen; Blankets; Counterpanes
    • A47G9/0207—Blankets; Duvets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G9/00—Bed-covers; Counterpanes; Travelling rugs; Sleeping rugs; Sleeping bags; Pillows
    • A47G2009/001—Anti-allergen; Anti-mite

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cell construction with a soft filling enclosed by a flexible, air-permeable covering system for bed components, pillows and play bodies, the soft filling being accommodated in a cell cavity within an inner covering made of fiber-containing, flexible, air-permeable and small particles retaining inner covering material, and wherein the Inner shell is accommodated within an outer shell made of flexible outer shell material with formation of seams. 5
  • EP 323 116 B1 Such a cell construction is known from EP 323 116 B1. It is also known (claim 7) to form an inner shell from a mite barrier material and to cover this inner shell with "usual material", which can basically be understood as an outer shell material. Due to the explanations in the European patent specification 323 116 B1, it can only be assumed that the covering material is the usual bedding, which is removed and washed regularly after short periods of use. 5
  • the mite barrier is defined in the patent specification as having a pore size of less than 10 ⁇ . On the basis of this information, it is not to be expected that the so-called mite barriers can retain the excrement of house dust mites, which are primarily responsible for allergic complaints.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a cell construction which makes it possible to combat allergic symptoms in 5 allergy sufferers more effectively than before, without worsening the conforming properties of the cell construction.
  • the invention proposes that the inner shell material contains at least one fiber layer which, on the one hand, is highly permeable to air and, on the other hand, is highly active in capturing small particles with a particle size of approx. 0.5 ⁇ to approx.
  • 3 ⁇ is that the inner shell in the outer shell is inseparably received by seams capturing both shells and is positioned against displacement even under washing conditions and that the resulting air flow resistance between the cell cavity and the surrounding atmosphere is set such that the pressure balance between the cell cavity and the surrounding atmosphere is essentially below complete avoidance of air flow through the seams takes place substantially entirely through the inner shell material.
  • the proposal of the invention achieves the following: In the selection of the inner shell material, one need only pay attention to high air permeability on the one hand and high particle trapping activity on the other hand and can look to others in the manufacture of bed components and the like. omit all or part of the necessary properties because these can be provided by the outer shell material, for example the mechanical structural strength required for longer use. Because the inner casing material and the outer casing material are positioned relative to one another by seams that grip both casings, there is also no risk of the uncontrollable displacement of the inner casing material within the outer casing material.
  • a pillow or a quilt of the cell construction according to the invention is smoothed or tapped by acting on the respective outer shell material, the sewing ensures that the inner shell material is also spread out accordingly. This effect becomes more apparent the smaller the individual cells are.
  • the invention is therefore particularly suitable for use in quilts and small pillows where relatively small cells necessarily occur.
  • the cells of the invention can also be washed in the washing machine without damage or destruction of the inner shell material occurs because it is protected by the outer shell material, so that even inner shell materials with very little structural stability can survive a large number of washing processes and can be brought back into position after drying by simply spreading the outer shell material again or tapping it flat. Sewing the inner shell material and outer shell material is therefore an essential aspect of the invention.
  • the soft filler material will also be sewn in, so that it is and remains stable in the individual cells, without having to divide it into individual fillers during or before sewing.
  • sewing is a very critical process with regard to fulfilling the task.
  • seam holes that can allow the small particles to pass through.
  • small particles and in particular small particles of the size specified above are sucked into the cell on the one hand through the seam holes and on the other hand also ejected again.
  • the volume of individual cells is occasionally greatly increased if they are approximated by deformation of the spherical shape and then greatly reduced again if they are approximated to a flat shape by crushing. These deformations are always accompanied by an exchange of air, and if this exchange of air takes place through the seam holes, there is a great risk that particles of the size defined above are then taken up or repelled by the cell at an inappropriate time. It has been recognized that this danger of suturing, which is advantageous for other reasons, as described above, can be avoided by adjusting the resulting air flow resistance between the cell cavity and the ambient atmosphere, in such a way that the pressure balance between the cell cavity is adjusted and ambient atmosphere takes place substantially completely through the inner shell material with substantially complete avoidance of air flow through the seams.
  • the invention now provides a solution of its own accord: After the inner shell material counteracts high trapping activity against particle penetration, i.e. does not let particles pass through, not even particles in the order of magnitude of approx. 0.5 ⁇ - approx. 3 ⁇ , it is also effective for the retention of particles that are contained in the soft filling or are secreted there.
  • One way of pairing these apparently contradictory properties is to form the inner shell material in one or more layers of relatively loose arrangement of the fibers.
  • the superimposition of the fibers of the inner shell material does not increase the air flow resistance to the same extent as the probability of trapping is increased if the fibers are relatively loosely one above the other.
  • the molecules of the atmosphere are held back by the number of superimposed fibers in their path through the inner shell than the particles that are many orders of magnitude larger and must be retained.
  • an outstanding possibility for increasing the trapping activity of the inner casing material without simultaneously reducing the air permeability is that the trapping activity of the inner casing material is increased by applying an electrostatic charge, in particular by corona treatment of at least one component of the inner casing material. It has been shown that such a corona treatment can achieve high trapping activity even with a thin-layered inner shell material.
  • the corona discharge can be applied by guiding the entire inner shell material past an unloading station. However, it is also possible for individual layers which ultimately form the inner shell material, or at least one of them, to be or are guided separately past the corona unloading station. With regard to the implementation of the corona discharge, reference is made to the German-language translation of WO96 / 20833 given on pages 17-34 and to the secondary literature mentioned in WO96 / 20833.
  • the inner shell material consists of at least one layer with active capture and at least one layer that increases stability. This distribution of the individual functions over individual layers makes it easier to determine the optimal structure of the inner shell material by simple preliminary tests. In these preliminary tests, one can proceed in particular by starting with a combination of a certain number of stability-increasing layers and a certain number of capture-active layers and then multiplying the respective number depending on the measurement result.
  • the inner shell material consists at least in part of synthetic fibers.
  • Synthetic fibers have in the Usually a low conductance or, in other words, a high dielectric constant and are therefore suitable for maintaining a charge once it has been applied for as long as possible.
  • the inner shell material can consist at least partially of fibers which contain polyesters, polyolefins, polyamides or corresponding mixed polymers, preferably polypropylene fibers or mixed polymer fibers with a propylene content.
  • the inner shell material contains a spun-bond layer, in particular a spun-bond layer made of polypropylene or a mixed polymer with propylene content, as the stability-increasing layer, and that the inner shell material acts as a capture-active layer with a melt-blown layer.
  • Layer in particular a melt-blown layer made of polypropylene or copolymer with propylene content.
  • the inner shell material can consist of a spun-bond layer as a stability-increasing layer and a melt-blown layer as an active layer.
  • spun-bond layer it suffices here first of all to indicate that a spun-bond layer can be obtained from a nozzle plate by continuous fiber extrusion, with or without stretching the fibers emerging from the nozzle bores.
  • the fibers coming from the nozzle plate are struck on a layer-forming carrier which continuously runs along the downward gradient of the emerging fibers, the fibers being swirled by an air stream before they strike the layer-forming carrier.
  • the speed at which these fibers strike the layer-forming carrier is set to a considerably greater value than it corresponds to the linear speed of the movement of the layer-forming carrier, so that the spun-bond fibers are ground and looped in an irregular manner on the layer-forming carrier surrender.
  • the spun-bond fibers for example thermoplastic fibers
  • Crossing points are fixed, for example by using any remaining thermoplastic or by remelting or by spraying on a solvent.
  • the strength of the spun-bond fibers is usually not less than 1.5 dtex.
  • fibers are also obtained from a nozzle plate, these fibers being introduced into an air vortex zone.
  • the resulting fibers have a diameter of ⁇ 10 ⁇ .
  • These fibers are broken in the air vortices before they collect on a moving layer formation carrier.
  • the length of the broken fibers is usually ⁇ 10 mm.
  • the fibers of the melt-blown layer can be connected to one another at intersections in a similar manner to the fibers of the spun-bond layer. In both cases, care must be taken to ensure that the air permeability is not too low or, in other words, the air flow resistance does not become too great by fixing the fibers of the individual layers.
  • the corona treatment is preferably carried out on the possibly finished, possibly multi-layered inner shell material.
  • the outer shell material can, as a woven, knitted or as Fleece layer can be formed.
  • fabrics or knitted fabrics which, due to the binding technique, can be very loose and therefore highly permeable to air, without losing the required minimum of structural strength.
  • natural fibers such as cotton fibers, in particular, are proposed for the outer shell material.
  • the outer shell layer has essentially no significance with regard to the retention of small particles of the filling material and also does not have to fulfill an essential function with regard to the retention of small particles such as allergens
  • the outer shell material can be woven or knitted or otherwise tied relatively broadly, e.g. as a non-woven material so that it has high air permeability.
  • seams that close the individual cells can basically be made in any way. Weld seams are in principle conceivable, but are less preferred, since if they are sufficiently durable they lead to noticeable and undesirable hardening of the cell or the respective bed component. Seams which are produced by piercing and therefore give rise to the risk of the formation of air flow threads in which small particles can be carried are preferred. In principle, it is conceivable to produce the seams using needle technology, such as is used for consolidating felt and nonwovens.
  • a cell construction according to the invention for example a pillow or a quilt, can be enclosed in a cover.
  • This cover corresponds to the usual bed linen that is washed at short periodic intervals becomes.
  • This bedding has inherently low air flow resistance and therefore hardly influences the outflow conditions from the respective cell. Otherwise, bed covers which are intended for frequent washing are generally only leak-tightly closed by buttons or the like, so that there are also air outlet possibilities here and consequently the air flow formation in pinholes in the envelope system is not significantly influenced.
  • the cover system according to the invention remains unchanged when changing the bed linen.
  • the respective cell can be washed from time to time, for example at annual intervals. Since the shell system of the cell, consisting of the inner shell material and the outer shell material, cannot be removed in whole or in part, it is impossible to remove parts of the allergen-retaining shell system through negligence or on purpose, so that the impermeability to allergen particles is guaranteed in the long term.
  • the soft filling can be formed from a cushion-like, voluminous synthetic nonwoven material, which can be easily sewn between two opposing areas of the envelope system by compacting the respective seam courses. Also suitable are cotton, kapok and washable animal hair fillings (virgin wool) and the like. In the sewing technique to be used, the number of needle stitches and the diameter of the needles used should be kept as small as possible.
  • FIG. 1 shows a quilt made with the cell construction according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a game body designed as a cell construction according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 is a section along line IV-IV of Fig. 3;
  • FIGS. 1 and 5 shows a section through an envelope system of a cell construction according to FIGS. 1 and
  • Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the air flow resistances.
  • a quilt generally designated 10.
  • This quilt comprises a plurality of cells 12.
  • a soft filling 14 made of padded synthetic fiber fleece is accommodated in each case.
  • the sleeve system 18 is composed of an inner sleeve 20 and an outer sleeve 22.
  • the inner sleeve 20 and the outer sleeve 22 are sewn together by means of seams 24.
  • the seams _24 penetrate the outer cover, the inner cover and the synthetic fiber fleece 14 lying in between.
  • the individual layers of material can be seen in the section of Fig. 5.
  • the inner shell material is again designated with 20 and with 22 the outer shell material.
  • the inner shell material 20 in turn has two layers and consists of a stabilizing spun-bond layer designated 20a and a highly air-permeable meltblown layer labeled 20b with high trapping activity for small particles, in particular small particles with a particle size of approximately 0.5 ⁇ to approximately 3 ⁇ .
  • Solidification points can be provided within the spun bond layer 20a, which are designated by 30 and are formed, for example, by welding.
  • Solidification points 32 can also be provided within the melt-blown layer 20b, for example by welding. It is also conceivable that the two layers 20a and 20b are bound to one another by continuous solidification points 34.
  • the outer shell material 22 is formed, for example, by a knitted or woven cotton fabric, which lies loosely against the inner shell material 20 within the seams 24; but it can also be stitched to it point by point or line by line.
  • the total surface area of the inner shell material 20 surrounding the cell cavity 16 defines an air flow resistance R ju ; the total surface area of the outer shell material 22 enclosing the cell cavity 16 defines an air flow resistance R ⁇ .
  • FIG. 6 shows a circuit diagram in which the individual resistances are shown in terms of circuitry between the cell cavity 16 and the free atmosphere A. It is clear from Fig. 1 that the air flow resistance R JH of the inner cover 20 and the air flow resistance R M of the outer cover 22 are connected in series and that ' the flow resistance R NL of the seam stitch holes 24 parallel to the series connection of the air flow resistance R JH of the inner cover 20 and the air flow flow resistance R ⁇ of the outer shell 22 is. It can also be seen from Fig. 1 that any noticeable air flow resistance R BB of the duvet cover 36 is in series with the aforementioned parallel connection. All of this is shown in FIG. 6 in the manner of an electrical resistance circuit.
  • this formula should state the following: If - for example by flattening a blown-up cell - the air content of the cell is displaced to the outside, the majority of the air flow should take place through the entirety of the inner shell material and the outer shell material, while only a small part of the Total air exchange takes place through the seam holes. Air volumes that have penetrated the inner shell material and come to the seam holes between the inner shell material and the outer shell material have already been filtered and are therefore harmless, even if they continue their way out through the seam holes. It should also be borne in mind that - statistically speaking - not all particles have the same probability of escaping either through the seam or through the cover. The probability also depends on how far the particles are from the next seam hole. A particle that is approx.
  • the drift resistance is i.a. depending on the degree of filling, the filling density and the size of the respective cell.
  • the stabilizing layer 20a made of spun-bond material and the active capture layer 20b made of melt-blown material and the outer shell 22 reference can be made to the explanations in the introduction to the description.
  • the structure of the quilt shown in FIG. 1 allows it to be washed in a washing machine without the risk of change or damage after removal of the duvet cover 36.
  • the duvet cover will be removed regularly after one or more weeks and washed separately.
  • the quilt itself is removed after removing the duvet cover 36, for example Washed every year in the washing machine.
  • both layers 20a and 20b of the inner shell material 20 must each have small values so that the sum of these values, represented by the resistance R JH , remains small.
  • the outer shell 22 should also have the lowest possible flow resistance. This is possible because - as already stated - thanks to the capturing activity of the inner shell 20, the outer shell 22 can consist of looser cotton fabric or knitted fabric without the particle permeability of the entire shell system 18 being increased.
  • FIG. 2 shows a small pillow in the form of a single cell 212, which consists of an outer cover material 222, an inner cover material 220 and a filling 214 and is closed by an all-round seam 224 which engages in both covers 220 and 222.
  • 2 applies to the behavior and the treatment of the pillow according to FIG. 2. If larger pillows are desired, it is advisable to manufacture them in quilted form, in the same way as in the case of the quilt according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a game body 312 in the shape of a heart. This game body is constructed in exactly the same way as the small pillow according to FIG. 2. Analog components are provided with the same reference numerals as in FIG. 2, each increased by the number 100.
  • the stabilizing layer 20a of the inner shell material 20 is remote from the outer shell material 22. It is also possible to use the stabilizing layer To allow layer 20a of the inner shell material 20 to bear directly against the outer shell material 22.
  • the present invention relates to a non-woven, multi-layer laminate web and to a "coverall" made from such a laminate web.
  • the invention relates to protective clothing.
  • Protective clothing should be resistant to liquids. For a variety of reasons, it is undesirable for liquids and / or pathogenic substances carried in liquids to pass through protective clothing and come into contact with persons who work in an environment containing pathogenic substances.
  • disposable protective clothing be made from fabrics that are relatively impervious to liquids and / or particles. These passage-inhibiting substances must also be suitable for the production of protective clothing at such a low cost that throwing away the protective clothing after one use is economically justifiable.
  • the material used to make protective clothing will be made with a film layer or film laminate.
  • a film material to achieve improved particle penetration or, more precisely, particle retention properties, but it should be borne in mind that such film or laminate film-containing materials can also prevent the passage of air and moisture.
  • protective clothing which is made from such material, does not have enough air permeability and water vapor permeability and is therefore uncomfortable for long periods of use in terms of comfort.
  • film-lined or film-laminated liner materials can provide improved particle retention properties compared to nonwoven laminates
  • the nonwoven laminates provide greater comfort. There is therefore a need for a cheap, disposable protective clothing material, in particular made of non-woven fabric, which has improved particle retention properties, but is also breathable and is therefore comfortable for the wearer even with longer wearing times.
  • the present invention is intended to relate to protective garments " made from non-woven fabrics with improved there are particle retention properties.
  • the present invention provides a nonwoven laminate web which is suitable for forming protective clothing, especially a coverall.
  • the nonwoven laminate web contains a layer of spun-bond fibers and a layer of meltblown fibers, at least one of these layers being subjected to a corona discharge.
  • the layer formed from meltblown fibers has been subjected to the corona discharge.
  • the nonwoven laminate web of the present invention contains two layers of spunbond fibers.
  • the two layers of spunbond fibers are separated from each other by a meltblown fiber layer.
  • the nonwoven laminate sheet of this latter embodiment can be subjected to the corona discharge as a whole. However, it is also possible to subject the individual layers to corona discharge, e.g. the layer formed from meltblown fibers.
  • a protective garment in the form of a coverall is to be made from the multilayer, non-woven laminate web.
  • Embodiments that correspond to the above aspects provide improved particle filtration activities compared to similarly shaped nonwoven laminate webs that have not been subjected to corona discharge.
  • the percentage improvement with regard to particle filtration activity in the corona discharge-treated, non-woven laminate webs for particles in the order of magnitude of 0.19 ⁇ -0.3 ⁇ is at least 85% greater compared to non-woven laminate webs which are not subjected to the corona discharge treatment have been.
  • the percentage improvement in particle filtration activity of Corona discharge treated, nonwoven laminate webs in terms of particles in the order of 0.3 ⁇ - 0.5 ⁇ is at least 29%, based on nonwoven laminate webs not treated by corona discharge.
  • nonwoven webs we mean webs that have a structure of single fibers or filaments, these fibers or filaments being laid across one another, but not in an identifiable, repetitive manner.
  • spunbond fibers When further referred to as “spunbond fibers", this term refers to small diameter fibers formed by extrusion of molten thermoplastic material as filaments emerging from a plurality of fine, regularly circular capillary bores of a spinning plate are, the diameter of the extruded filaments is then suddenly reduced, for example according to U.S. Patent 4,340,563 to Appel et al. and according to U.S. Patent 3,692,618 to Dorschner et al. and according to U.S. Patent 3,802,817 to Matsuki et al. and according to U.S. Patents 3,338,992 and 3,341,394 to Kinney and the U.S.
  • Spun-bond fibers are generally endless and have a diameter of more than 7 ⁇ m, in particular they have an average diameter of more than 10 ⁇ m.
  • meltblown fibers used further here is intended to identify fibers which are produced by extrusion of a melted thermoplastic material through a variety of fine, usually circular capillary nozzles as molten wires or filaments in a gas stream, for example high-speed air flow and usually high temperature, 5 are expelled so that the filaments are brought to a reduced diameter, which is up to a microfiber through - knife down.
  • the meltblown fibers are then carried away by the gas stream at high speed and applied to a collecting surface in order to form a web of statically distributed meltblown fibers there.
  • meltblown fibers are microfibers which generally have a diameter of less than 10 ⁇ m.
  • microfibers fibers with a small diameter should be defined, the average diameter of which is not greater than 100 ⁇ and which have a diameter of 0.5 ⁇ -50 ⁇ , for example.
  • microfibers are meant which have an average diameter of approx. 1 ⁇ to approx. 25 20 ⁇ .
  • Microfibers with an average diameter of approximately 3 ⁇ m and less are generally referred to as ultrafine microfibers.
  • a description of an exemplary process for producing ultrafine microfibers can be found e.g. in U.S. U.S. Patent 5,213,881 which relates to a nonwoven web with improved capture properties. This document, too, is hereby to be introduced by naming it as a disclosure support.
  • Nonwoven webs can be prepared by a variety of 'procedures, including, but not limited to air laying processes, wet laying processes, hydraulic tangling processes, spun bonding, melt blowing, staple fiber carding and binding processes and solution spinning processes.
  • the fibers forming such nonwoven webs can be made from a variety of dielectric materials, including, but not limited to, polyesters, polyolefins, nylon, and copolymers of these materials.
  • the fibers can be relatively short staple fibers with a typical length of 7.62 cm, but also longer, possibly even endless fibers, as are obtained in spunbonding processes.
  • nonwoven webs made from thermoplastic-based fibers and in particular polyolefin-based fibers are particularly suitable for the above-mentioned applications.
  • fibers include spunbond fibers and meltblown fibers.
  • nonwoven webs of fibers are nonwoven polypropylene webs manufactured by the patent owner Kimberley-Clark Corporation.
  • the invention includes a multi-layer, nonwoven laminate web.
  • the multi-layer nonwoven laminate web comprises at least one layer formed by spunbond fibers and another layer formed by meltblown fibers, ie a spunbond / meltblown based (SM) nonwoven laminate web.
  • the multilayer, non-woven laminate web comprises at least one layer which is formed by meltblown fibers and which is interposed between two layers of spun-bond fibers.
  • SMS spunbond / meltblown / spunbond laminate material
  • Examples of such nonwoven laminate webs are disclosed in US Patent 4,041,203 to Brock et al. , U.S. Patent 5,169,706 to Collier et al. , Bornslaeger U.S.
  • Nonwoven laminate webs of the SMS type can be " manufactured by one after the other a moving forming belt is first applied with a spunbond layer, then a meltblown layer and then again with a spunbond layer, and then by fixing the laminate in the following manner.
  • the layers can also be produced individually, wound up on rolls and then combined with one another in a separate connection process.
  • Such laminates usually have a basis weight of approximately 300-400 g / m 2 (gsm) corresponding to 0.1-12 ounces per square yard (osy) and in particular a basis weight of approximately 25-100 gsm corresponding to 0.75 to approximately 3 osy.
  • Nonwoven multilayer laminates can generally be fixed in the course of their manufacture in order to give them sufficient structural integrity, ie the ability to withstand the stresses of further process steps up to the finished product.
  • the fixation can be done in many different ways, for example by hydraulic confusion, needling, ultrasound fixation, adhesive fixation and thermal fixation.
  • Ultrasonic fixation is accomplished, for example, by letting the multilayer, nonwoven laminate web pass between a transducer and an anvil roll, as in U.S. Pat. Patent 4,374,888 by Bornslaeger.
  • Thermal bonding of nonwoven multilayer laminates can be achieved by passing them between the rolls of a calender. At least one of the rolls of the calender is heated, and at least one of the rolls, not necessarily the same as the heated one, has a pattern that is embossed into the laminate as it passes between the rolls. As the material passes between the rollers, it is subjected to both pressure and heat. The combination of heat and pressure, which is applied according to a certain pattern, results in the creation of melting zones in the multilayer laminate web, so that fixing points are created there, where the corresponding pattern points of the calender roll are located.
  • Hansen-Pennings pattern which gives approximately 10-25% fixation area at approximately 15.5-77.5 fixation points per cm 2 (100-500 fixation points per square inch), as described in U.S. Patent 3,855,046 to Hansen and Pennings.
  • Another pattern that is frequently used is the so-called diamond pattern with periodically repeating and slightly offset diamond embossing points.
  • the exact calender temperature and pressure to fix the nonwoven multilayer laminate web depends on the thermoplastic compounds from which the nonwoven web is made.
  • the preferred temperatures for polyolefin-based nonwoven multilayer laminate webs are between 66 and 177 ° C (150 and 350 ° Fahrenheit) and the pressure is between 525 and 1750 N / cm (300-1000 pounds per linear inch) .
  • the preferred temperature is between 132 and 160 ° C (270-320 ° Fahrenheit) and the pressure is between 700 and 1400 N / cm (400-800 pounds per linear inch).
  • corona discharge is achieved by applying a sufficiently high voltage to an electrical field initiation structure (EFIS) near an electrical field receiving structure (EFRS).
  • EFIS electrical field initiation structure
  • EFRS electrical field receiving structure
  • Both the EFIS and the EFRS are preferably made of conductive material. Suitable conductive materials are copper, tungsten, stainless steel and aluminum.
  • a particularly noteworthy technique of applying corona discharge technology to nonwoven webs is the process in accordance with U.S. Patent Application No. 07 / 958,958 dated October 9, 1992, which is owned by the University of Tennessee and is incorporated herein for the purpose of supplementing the disclosure.
  • the technique described there provides that a nonwoven web is exposed to two fields of opposite polarity. Each of the electric fields leads to a corona discharge.
  • the entire layering can be subjected to the corona discharge.
  • one or more individual layers, which are intended to form the nonwoven laminate web, or the fibers, which are intended to form such individual layers can be subjected to the corona discharge separately and then connected to the other layers in a superimposed manner in order to form the nonwoven Form laminate web.
  • the electrical charge on the nonwoven laminate before the corona discharge was approximately the same as after the corona discharge. In other words, the nonwoven laminate web did not always show a greater electrical charge after the corona treatment than before the corona treatment.
  • a polypropylene-based nonwoven SMS laminate web and a layer of polypropylene meltblown fibers were corona discharged as described in detail below.
  • tests performed on nonwoven webs before and after each corona discharge, were two filtration tests.
  • One of these filtration tests is commonly known as the NaCl filter activity test, hereinafter referred to as the "NaCl test”.
  • the NaCl test was carried out on an automated filter test device, which is a Certitest
  • the particle filtration activity of each The substance tested is defined as a percentage, the number preceding the percentage sign being calculated using the formula 100 x (1-downstream particle / upstream particle)).
  • the downstream particles represent the total number of particles that are introduced into the tester.
  • the downstream particles are those particles which have been introduced into the tester and which have passed through the bulk of the substance to be tested.
  • the tester determines the activity of a filter medium with an air flow that is supplied and that was approximately 32 1 / minute in the given measurement.
  • the air stream contains a known amount of approximately 0.1 ⁇ NaCl aerosol particles which are dispersed in it.
  • the pressure drop is between 4 and 5 mm of water, measured between the state on the upstream side of the test substance and the state on the downstream side of the test substance.
  • the other particle filtration test is commonly known as the "BTTG test".
  • BTTG stands for British Textile Technology Group based in Manchester, England.
  • the BTTG test is carried out in such a way that particulate material, for example talcum powder, is introduced into the air flow on the "challenge" side of the test substance by means of a blower.
  • the blower not only directs the particulate air towards one side of the test fabric, but can also be adjusted so that a certain pressure drop, namely 5 mm water column, between the atmosphere on the challenge side of the test fabric and the atmosphere on the back of the test fabric arises.
  • the concentrations of the dust particles in the challenge atmosphere and the dust particles in the backside atmosphere are counted in different size ranges using a particle counter.
  • the filtration activity of the test substance for a certain particle size range is defined in percent, the percentage before the percent sign being obtained after Formula 100 x (1 - (challenge-side particle sizes / rear particle sizes)).
  • the challenge-side particles represent the total number of particles of different sizes that were introduced into the airflow on the challenge side of the test substance.
  • the backside particles represent the number of challenge-side particles of various sizes that have passed through the bulk of the test fabric.
  • a nonwoven polypropylene-based laminate web of the SMS type with a basis weight of 61 g / m 2 (1.8 osy) was produced.
  • the spunbond layers were formed from polypropylene resins from Exxon with the designations PD-3445 and Himont PF-301.
  • White and dark blue pigments, namely Ampacet 41438 (manufacturer Ampacet Inc., NY) and SCC 4402 (Standige Inc., GA) were added to the polypropylene resins which formed one of the spunbond layers.
  • the other of the spunbond layers was made from these polypropylene resins while avoiding the pigment addition.
  • the meltblown layer was made from Himont PF-015 polypropylene resin without pigments.
  • the meltblown layer had an average basis weight of approximately 15.3 g / m 2 (approximately 0.45 osy), and each of the spunbond layers had an average basis weight of approximately 22.9 g / m 2 (approximately 0.675 osy).
  • a piece of this 61 g / m 2 ESM material was subjected to a corona discharge (SMS-CD). Corona discharge was generated using a Model No. P / N 25A - 120 volt, 50/60 Hz reversible polarity voltage source (manufacturer Simco Corp., Hatfield, PA) connected to the EFRS.
  • the EFIS was an RC-3 charge master with a charging bar (manufacturer Simco.
  • the EFRS was a rigid aluminum roller approximately 7.62 cm (3 inches) in diameter.
  • the ambient atmosphere of the corona discharge was around 21 ° C (70 ° booklet) and 40% relative humidity. poses.
  • two groups of EFIS / EFRS are used.
  • the voltage applied to the first group of EFIS / EFRS was 15 KV / 0.0 V
  • the voltage applied to the second group of EFIS / EFRS was 25 KV / 7.5 KV.
  • the gap between the EFIS and EFRS was 2.54 cm (1 inch).
  • Particle filtration activity was determined using the BTTG test, once using the SMS nonwoven laminate web with a unit weight of 61 g / m 2 (1.8 osy) which had been subjected to corona discharge (SMS-CD). and on the other hand using a nonwoven laminate web again of the type SMS and the unit weight 61 g / m 2 (1.8 osy), which had not been exposed to the corona discharge SMS.
  • SMS-CD corona discharge
  • Example II a polypropylene-based nonwoven laminate web of the SMS type was produced with a unit weight of approximately 61 g / m 2 (1.8 osy).
  • the unit area weights of the meltblown layer and the spunbond layers were the same as in Example I.
  • the meltblown layer was subjected to a corona discharge and then combined with the spunbond layers.
  • the corona discharge was produced under essentially the same conditions and in "using the same material and insurance search structure, as described in Example I.
  • Particle filtration activity was determined using the BTTG test, both for the 61 g / m 2 basis weight nonwoven laminate web of the SMS type, which was produced using the meltblown layer with corona discharge treatment (SMS-MCD) , as well as using the nonwoven laminate web of the SMS type with a unit weight of 61 g / m 2 , which was not exposed to the corona discharge treatment (SMS).
  • SMS-MCD meltblown layer with corona discharge treatment
  • SMS-MCD meltblown layer with corona discharge treatment
  • SMS-MCD meltblown layer with corona discharge treatment
  • both Examples I and II show the improved particle filtration activity and in particular the improved particle filtration activity for particles in the size range between 0.19 ⁇ and 0.5 ⁇ which results as a result of the corona discharge treatment, be it that the entire nonwoven laminate material or even just one of the layers thereof is subjected to this corona discharge treatment.
  • SMS-CD corona discharge treated SMS materials
  • SMS-MCD corona discharge treated meltblown
  • Example II three nonwoven laminate webs of the SMS type were made on the basis of polypropylene, each with a unit weight of 61 g / m 2 on the basis of polypropylene, each of these samples being produced from meltblown layers and spunbond layers of the same unit weight as in Example I was described for the SMS material there.
  • SMS-MCD spunbond layers
  • the corona discharge for SMS-CD and the corona discharge for SMS-MCD were generated under essentially the same conditions, further using essentially the same equipment and using the essentially same experimental set-up as described in Example I. The results are shown in Table III below.
  • Example III shows that the improved particle filtration activity is achieved when the SMS material is subjected to corona discharge without the need to generate a significantly higher charge on the surface or surfaces than previously when the corona was not used - Discharge treatment was generated. In fact, the difference between the surface charge of the SMS material before and after the corona discharge treatment is minimal at most.
  • a multilayer, nonwoven laminate web comprising: at least one layer formed by spunbond fibers and a further layer formed by meltblown fibers, the fibers having been subjected to at least one of these layers to a corona discharge; wherein the multilayer, nonwoven laminate web has a percentage improvement in particle filtration activity for particles with a size range of 0.3 ⁇ - 0.5 ⁇ of at least 29% compared to similarly constructed nonwoven multilayer laminate webs which have not been subjected to such a corona treatment.
  • the nonwoven multi-layer laminate web of claim 1 comprising: at least two layers formed from spunbond fibers and at least one layer formed from meltblown fibers, the layer formed from meltblown fibers the two of spunbond fibers separated layers separated.
  • the nonwoven multilayer laminate web of claim 1 or 2 in which the spunbond fibers and the meltblown fibers are polypropylene fibers.

Landscapes

  • Bedding Items (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

Cette cellule d'un coussin ou d'une couverture piquée comprend une enveloppe interne (20) qui renferme une cavité (16) et une enveloppe externe (22) qui renferme l'enveloppe interne (20). La cellule est fermée par une couture (24) qui traverse les deux enveloppes. L'enveloppe interne (20) est très perméable à l'air mais sensiblement imperméable à des particules, telles que des allergènes, d'un ordre de grandeur d'environ 0,5 ν à environ 3 ν. L'enveloppe externe (22), fabriquée d'un tissu de coton léger, est elle aussi très perméable à l'air. La cellule peut être lavée dans son ensemble, c'est-à-dire avec son remplissage (14), son enveloppe interne (20) et son enveloppe externe (22). La résistance des coutures à l'écoulement de l'air (RNL) est grande par rapport à la somme des résistances à l'écoulement de l'air (RJH, RAH) des enveloppes interne (20) et externe (22) qui se suivent dans le sens d'écoulement de l'air.
PCT/EP1997/007323 1996-12-31 1997-12-31 Cellule de remplissage de couvertures et similaires WO1998029012A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU58609/98A AU5860998A (en) 1996-12-31 1997-12-31 Cell for filling coverlets or the like

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996154798 DE19654798A1 (de) 1996-12-31 1996-12-31 Zellenkonstruktion für Bettmaterial und dgl.
DE19654798.9 1996-12-31

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WO1998029012A1 true WO1998029012A1 (fr) 1998-07-09

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DE102004015424A1 (de) * 2004-03-26 2005-10-20 Eisele Gmbh & Co Kg Bettzeug für Pflegebedarf

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FR2841452B1 (fr) * 2002-07-01 2004-10-15 Le Monde Des Marques Article de literie du type oreiller, couette ou analogue
DE20310279U1 (de) * 2003-07-03 2004-11-11 Sanders Gmbh Bettzeughülle, insbesondere Inlett
EP1530934B2 (fr) * 2003-11-15 2012-07-04 Albis Bettwarenfabrik Ag Duvet
DE202004001947U1 (de) * 2004-02-10 2005-03-24 Sting Oliver Decke
DE202018101036U1 (de) 2018-02-26 2018-03-07 Gebr. Kremers Gmbh Decke, insbesondere Steppdecke
DE202019101181U1 (de) 2019-03-01 2020-06-03 Gebr. Kremers Gmbh Decke

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US3502763A (en) 1962-02-03 1970-03-24 Freudenberg Carl Kg Process of producing non-woven fabric fleece
US3341394A (en) 1966-12-21 1967-09-12 Du Pont Sheets of randomly distributed continuous filaments
US3542615A (en) 1967-06-16 1970-11-24 Monsanto Co Process for producing a nylon non-woven fabric
US3849241A (en) 1968-12-23 1974-11-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Non-woven mats by melt blowing
US3802817A (en) 1969-10-01 1974-04-09 Asahi Chemical Ind Apparatus for producing non-woven fleeces
US3692618A (en) 1969-10-08 1972-09-19 Metallgesellschaft Ag Continuous filament nonwoven web
US3855046A (en) 1970-02-27 1974-12-17 Kimberly Clark Co Pattern bonded continuous filament web
US4041203A (en) 1972-09-06 1977-08-09 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven thermoplastic fabric
US3909009A (en) 1974-01-28 1975-09-30 Astatic Corp Tone arm and phonograph pickup assemblies
US4307143A (en) 1977-10-17 1981-12-22 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Microfiber oil and water pipe
US4340563A (en) 1980-05-05 1982-07-20 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method for forming nonwoven webs
US4374888A (en) 1981-09-25 1983-02-22 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven laminate for recreation fabric
US4707398A (en) 1986-10-15 1987-11-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Elastic polyetherester nonwoven web
US4670913A (en) 1986-10-16 1987-06-09 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Coverall with elastomeric panels
EP0323116A1 (fr) * 1987-12-29 1989-07-05 Slumberland PLC Literie
EP0323116B1 (fr) 1987-12-29 1993-03-10 Slumberland PLC Literie
US5169706A (en) 1990-01-10 1992-12-08 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Low stress relaxation composite elastic material
US5213881A (en) 1990-06-18 1993-05-25 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven web with improved barrier properties
GB2262034A (en) * 1991-11-12 1993-06-09 Teasdale S Body support article
WO1994008779A1 (fr) 1992-10-09 1994-04-28 The University Of Tennessee Procede de chargement electrostatique de pellicules
WO1996020833A1 (fr) 1994-12-30 1996-07-11 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Stratifie de voile non-tisse multicouche
WO1996041560A1 (fr) * 1995-06-10 1996-12-27 Richard Hudson & Sons Limited Procede pour la mise en forme d'un article textile
NL1002184C1 (en) * 1996-01-26 1996-03-18 Hein Wille Allergen-free duvet or sleeping-bag

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004015424A1 (de) * 2004-03-26 2005-10-20 Eisele Gmbh & Co Kg Bettzeug für Pflegebedarf

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DE19654798A1 (de) 1998-07-02
AU5860998A (en) 1998-07-31

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