WO1996038520A1 - Composition tensioactive contenant de l'alkyle sulfonate, de l'alkyle polyglycoside, un amide et une betaine - Google Patents

Composition tensioactive contenant de l'alkyle sulfonate, de l'alkyle polyglycoside, un amide et une betaine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996038520A1
WO1996038520A1 PCT/US1996/007544 US9607544W WO9638520A1 WO 1996038520 A1 WO1996038520 A1 WO 1996038520A1 US 9607544 W US9607544 W US 9607544W WO 9638520 A1 WO9638520 A1 WO 9638520A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
actives
carbon atoms
betaine
composition
alkyl
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1996/007544
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Virginia Lazarowitz
Mary Frances Frazer
Original Assignee
Henkel Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel Corporation filed Critical Henkel Corporation
Priority to BR9608607A priority Critical patent/BR9608607A/pt
Priority to AU59278/96A priority patent/AU5927896A/en
Priority to MX9708784A priority patent/MX9708784A/es
Publication of WO1996038520A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996038520A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0094—High foaming compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
    • C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
    • C11D1/521—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 and R3 are alkyl or alkenyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
    • C11D1/523—Carboxylic alkylolamides, or dialkylolamides, or hydroxycarboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain one hydroxy group per alkyl group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
    • C11D1/525—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain two or more hydroxy groups per alkyl group, e.g. R3 being a reducing sugar rest
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
    • C11D1/90—Betaines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
    • C11D1/92—Sulfobetaines ; Sulfitobetaines

Definitions

  • This invention generally relates to a surfactant composition having exceptional foam stability. More particularly, the foam produced by surfactant mixtures based on linear alkyl sulfonates and alkyl polyglycosides can be stabilized by the addition of a foam additive containing a blend of an amide and a betaine.
  • anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, sulfonates, sulfosuccinates and sarcosinates.
  • Foam stability relates to the ability of the foam, once formed, to remain intact for extended periods of time, thus enhancing the cleaning performance of the surfactant compositions.
  • surfactants can serve different functions, e.g., one serving to improve foamability and another serving to adjust viscosity.
  • known surfactant mixtures typically provide a compromise between what can be achieved with the surfactant ingredients alone.
  • a mixture of more costly surfactants such as amine oxides, betaines and alkanolamides which provide good foamability by themselves, with less expensive surfactants which provide poorer foamability will result in the formulation of a cleaning composiiton having an intermediate degree of foamability and poor foam stability.
  • a surfactant composition containing a combination of: (1) a surfactant mixture containing (a) from about 4 to about 35 wt% actives of a linear alkyl sulfonate, and (b) from about 1 to about 20 wt% actives of an alkyl polyglycoside having the general formula I:
  • the present invention also provides a process for formulating a cleaning composition having enhanced foamability and foam stability involving combining the above-identified components in their respective amounts.
  • alkyl polyglycosides which can be used in the surfactant mixture according to the present invention have the general formula I:
  • R is a monovalent organic radical having from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms
  • R 2 is divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms
  • Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms
  • b is a number having a value from 0 to about 12
  • a is a number having a value from 1 to about 6.
  • Preferred alkyl polyglycosides which can be used in the compositions according to the invention have the formula I wherein Z is a glucose residue and b is zero.
  • alkyl polyglycosides are commercially available, for example, as APG®, GLUCOPON®, or PLANTAREN® surfactants from Henkel Corporation, Ambler, PA., 19002.
  • surfactants include but are not limited to:
  • APG® 225 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 10 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.7.
  • APG® 425 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6.
  • GLUCOPON® 600 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl groups contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.4.
  • PLANTAREN® 2000 Surfactant - a C ⁇ . 16 alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.4.
  • PLANTAREN® 1300 Surfactant - a C 12 . 16 alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl groups contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6.
  • alkyl polyglycoside surfactant compositions which are comprised of mixtures of compounds of formula I wherein Z represents a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms; a is a number having a value from 1 to about 6; b is zero; and R 1 is an alkyl radical having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • compositions are characterized in that they have increased surfactant properties and an HLB in the range of about 10 to about 16 and a non-Flory distribution of giycosides, which is comprised of a mixture of an alkyl monoglycoside and a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides having varying degrees of polymerization of 2 and higher in progressively decreasing amounts, in which the amount by weight of polyglycoside having a degree of polymerization of 2, or mixtures thereof with the polyglycoside having a degree of polymerization of 3, predominate in relation to the amount of monoglycoside, said composition having an average degree of polymerization of about 1.8 to about 3.
  • compositions also known as peaked alkyl polyglycosides
  • the relative distribution of the various components, mono- and poly ⁇ glycosides, in the resulting product changes and the concentration in the product of the polyglycosides relative to the monoglycoside increases as well as the concentration of individual polyglycosides to the total, i.e. DP2 and DP3 fractions in relation to the sum of all DP fractions.
  • Such compositions are disclosed in U.S. patent 5,266,690, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • alkyl polyglycosides which can be used in the compositions according to the invention are those in which the alkyl moiety contains from 6 to 18 carbon atoms in which and the average carbon chain length of the composition is from about 9 to about 14 comprising a mixture of two or more of at least binary components of alkylpolyglycosides, wherein each binary component is present in the mixture in relation to its average carbon chain length in an amount effective to provide the surfactant composition with the average carbon chain length of about 9 to about 14 and wherein at least one, or both binary components, comprise a Flory distribution of polyglycosides derived from an acid-catalyzed reaction of an alcohol containing 6-20 carbon atoms and a suitable saccharide from which excess alcohol has been separated.
  • the preferred alkyl polyglycosides are those of formula I wherein R is a monovalent organic radical having from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms; b is zero; Z is a glucose residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; a is a number having a value from 1 to about 2, and most preferably is 1.4.
  • surfactants are anionic surfactants. These surfactants have polar, solubilizing groups such as carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate and phosphate groups which make their use highly desirable in cleaning compositions.
  • polar, solubilizing groups such as carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate and phosphate groups which make their use highly desirable in cleaning compositions.
  • sodium and potassium impart water solubility, whereas calcium, barium and magnesium promote oil solubility.
  • Ammonium and substituted ammonium ions provide both water and oil solubility. Triethanolammonium is a commercially important example. Salts of these ions are often used in emulsification.
  • the present invention is specifically directed to the use of linear alkyl sulfonates.
  • the sulfonate group, -SO 3 M attached to an alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl hydrophobe is a highly effective solubilizing group.
  • Sulfonic acids are strong scids and their salts are relatively unaffected by pH. They are stable to both oxidation and, because of the strength of the C-S bond, also to hydrolysis. They interact moderately with the hardness ions Ca + and Mg 2+ , significantly less so than carboxylates. Modification of the hydrophobe in sulfonate surfactants, by introduction of double bonds or ester or amide groups into the hydrocarbon chain or as substituents, yields surfactants that offer specific performance advantages.
  • sulfonates are heavily represented among the high- volume surfactants. While representative sulfonates include alkylarenesulfonates, short-chain lignosulfates, naphthalenesulfonates, alpha-olefinsulfonates, petroleum sulfonates, and sulfonates with ester, amide or ether linkages, the present invention is directed to the use of linear alkyl sulfonates (LAS), i. e., straight-chain alkylbenzenesulfona.es in its surfactant composition.
  • the linear alkylates thereof may be normal or iso (branched at the end only), and must have at least 10 carbon atoms.
  • the preferred linear alkyl sulfonates of the present invention contain a straight alkyl chain having from about 9 to about 25 carbon atoms, most preferably from about 10 to about 13 carbon atoms, and the cation is sodium, potassium, ammonium, mono-, di-, or triethanolammonium, calcium or magnesium and mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable straight-chain alkylbenzenesulfonates include C 10-15 alkylbenzenesulfonates.
  • R 3 is an alkyl group containing from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and each R 4 is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-3 alkanol, and -(C 2 H 4 0-), and mixtures thereof.
  • the preferred amide is a diethanolamide. In general, any betaine may be employed in accordance with the present invention.
  • a surfactant composition having enhanced foam stability which contains a combination of (1) a surfactant mixture containing (a) from about 6 to about 20 wt% actives of a linear C 10 .
  • alkylbenzenesulfonate and (b) from about 1 to about 5 wt% actives of an alkyl polygycoside in accordance with formula I wherein R, is a monovalent organic radical having from about 10 to abut 16 carbon atoms; b is zero; Z is a glucose residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; and a is a number having a value of 1.4, and (2) a foam additive containing a blend of (c) from about .5 to about 2 wt% actives of a diethanolamide, and (d) from about .5 to about 2 wt% actives of a betaine, the amounts of components (a) to (d) being based on the total wt% actives of the surfactant composition.
  • R is a monovalent organic radical having from about 10 to abut 16 carbon atoms
  • b is zero
  • Z is a glucose residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms
  • a is a number having a value of 1.4
  • the alkyl polyglycoside and linear alkyl sulfonate is present in a wt% actives ratio in the range of from 1:1 to 1:7, respectively.
  • the wt% actives ratio of surfactant mixture to foam additive is preferably about 6: 1 , respectively.
  • the surfactant composition of the present invention may contain additional components which are conventionally used such as viscosity improvers, pH adjusters, colorants, pearlizing agents, clarifying agents, fragrances, preservatives, antioxidants, chelating agents, skin and hair conditioners, botanical extracts, and antibacterial agents.
  • additional components which are conventionally used such as viscosity improvers, pH adjusters, colorants, pearlizing agents, clarifying agents, fragrances, preservatives, antioxidants, chelating agents, skin and hair conditioners, botanical extracts, and antibacterial agents.
  • the present invention also provides a process for formulating a surfactant composition having enhanced foam stability involving combining the above-identified components in the disclosed amounts.
  • a surfactant mixture was prepared containing 24% by weight of LAS (50% actives) and 24% by weight GLUCOPON® 625 (50% actives).
  • a foam additive in accordance with the present invention was prepared by blending 2% by weight diethanolamide (100% actives) and 5.7% by weight cocoamidopropyl betaine (35% actives).
  • Table 1 illustrates the degree of foam stability imparted onto surfactant compositions 1-3 after combining 56% by weight of the above-referenced surfactant mixture with the foam additive of the present invention as compared to using only diethanolamide and cocamidopropyl betaine by themselves. All weights are based on the weight of the surfactant composition. Foam stability was measured using the following test method.
  • Aqueous surfactant composition was added followed by agitation for 1 min. 45 sec. Agitation was then stopped.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition tensioactive comprenant une combinaison de: (1) un mélange de tensioactifs contenant (a) environ 4 à environ 35 % en poids de substances actives d'un alkyle sulfonate linéaire, et (b) environ 1 à environ 20 % en poids de substances actives d'un alkyle polyglycoside ayant la formule générale (I): R1O(R2O)b(Z)a, dans laquelle R1 représente un radical organique monovalent présentant environ 6 à environ 30 atomes de carbone, R2 représente un radical divalent d'alkylène présentant 2 à 4 atomes de carbone, Z représente un résidu de saccharide présentant 5 ou 6 atomes de carbone, b représente un nombre de 0 à environ 12, a représente un nombre de 1 à environ 6, et (2) un additif moussant contenant un mélange de: (c) environ 0,5 à environ 4 % en poids de substances actives d'un amide ayant la formule générale (II), dans laquelle R3 représente un groupement alkyle contenant environ 8 à environ 18 atomes de carbone et chaque R4 est identique ou différent, et choisi dans le groupe constitué de l'hydrogène, l'alkyle C1-3, l'alcanol C1-3, -(C2H4O-) et des mélanges de ceux-ci, et (d) environ 0,5 à environ 4 % en poids de substances actives d'une bétaïne, les quantités des constituants (a) à (d) ayant pour base la quantité totale de substances actives de la composition tensioactive.
PCT/US1996/007544 1995-06-01 1996-05-30 Composition tensioactive contenant de l'alkyle sulfonate, de l'alkyle polyglycoside, un amide et une betaine WO1996038520A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR9608607A BR9608607A (pt) 1995-06-01 1996-05-30 Composição de tensoativo e processo para sua formulação
AU59278/96A AU5927896A (en) 1995-06-01 1996-05-30 Surfactant composition containing alkyl sulfonate, alkyl pol yglycoside, amide and betaine
MX9708784A MX9708784A (es) 1995-06-01 1996-05-30 Composicion de agentes tensoactivos.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US45644595A 1995-06-01 1995-06-01
US08/456,445 1995-06-01

Publications (1)

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WO1996038520A1 true WO1996038520A1 (fr) 1996-12-05

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PCT/US1996/007544 WO1996038520A1 (fr) 1995-06-01 1996-05-30 Composition tensioactive contenant de l'alkyle sulfonate, de l'alkyle polyglycoside, un amide et une betaine

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US (1) US5888960A (fr)
AR (1) AR002154A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5927896A (fr)
BR (1) BR9608607A (fr)
CA (1) CA2219935A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX9708784A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996038520A1 (fr)

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AR002154A1 (es) 1998-01-07
AU5927896A (en) 1996-12-18
MX9708784A (es) 1998-02-28
BR9608607A (pt) 1999-03-02
CA2219935A1 (fr) 1996-12-05
US5888960A (en) 1999-03-30

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