WO1993026138A1 - Electric panel heater and process for producing it - Google Patents

Electric panel heater and process for producing it Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993026138A1
WO1993026138A1 PCT/AT1993/000100 AT9300100W WO9326138A1 WO 1993026138 A1 WO1993026138 A1 WO 1993026138A1 AT 9300100 W AT9300100 W AT 9300100W WO 9326138 A1 WO9326138 A1 WO 9326138A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carrier
temperature
electric panel
resistant
electrical
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT1993/000100
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Heinz Zorn
David Macher
Original Assignee
Heinz Zorn
David Macher
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heinz Zorn, David Macher filed Critical Heinz Zorn
Publication of WO1993026138A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993026138A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical panel radiator in which at least one electrical resistor is arranged on a temperature-resistant carrier material and is connected to electrical connections, and to a method for producing such a panel radiator.
  • Electric radiators have already become known, in particular, as heating plates for heating food, with electrical resistance material, for example resistance wire, mostly being fixed to a carrier in the form of spiral windings or in the form of conductor tracks.
  • electrical resistance material for example resistance wire
  • a correspondingly temperature-resistant, for example ceramic, material was usually chosen as the carrier.
  • a further disadvantage of conventional electrical panel radiators is the fact that the fixing of resistance wires, in particular spirals or conductor tracks, to a carrier material cannot take place continuously over the entire length of the resistor wire or the heating conductor, as a result of which insulating air pockets between the carrier - material and conductor tracks had to be accepted.
  • electrical conductive lacquers instead of such resistance wires in the form of heating spirals or in the case of surface heating elements using resistance tracks, it has already been proposed to use electrical conductive lacquers.
  • electrical conductive lacquers are only temperature-resistant to a limited extent, and their relatively low mechanical resistance and strength also depend to a large extent on temperature.
  • the invention now aims to provide an electric panel radiator of the type mentioned at the outset, with which any geometries of a panel radiator can be easily realized, whereby an extremely wear-resistant and stable surface of the radiator is created, which has a constant and homogeneous temperature distribution having.
  • the invention aims to provide a manufacturing method with which such a surface heating element can be manufactured in a particularly simple manner.
  • the electrical panel radiator of the type mentioned at the outset essentially consists in the electrical resistance being designed as a spray coating which extends over the surface of a carrier body.
  • a spray coating which for example as flame spraying or
  • Plasma spraying is known, allows a homogeneous
  • the resistance value of the resisted material being entire layer can be influenced.
  • the resistance value and the measure of being able to adapt the layer thickness to the respective requirements and in particular the respective choice of material heating elements of the desired performance can be achieved on any geometries, since the thickness or thickness of the layer of the resistance material to be sprayed on the performance of the heating element can be influenced directly.
  • An essential advantage of the spray coating is that a homogeneous power consumption over the surface and thus a homogeneous temperature release over the surface can be achieved if the spray coating is deposited in a correspondingly homogeneous manner and with a constant thickness.
  • the electrical panel radiator is advantageously designed such that the coated surface or its development has an essentially rectangular outline and has a contact strip on two mutually parallel edges, which is connected to the connections, the contact strips in a particularly simple manner by a corresponding increase in the layer thickness can be formed at the edges of the spray layer in the contact area. If the contact strips are provided on two mutually parallel edges, a homogeneous temperature distribution over the surface is ensured.
  • the carrier can be designed in the form of a plate, in which case, of course, a development of the surface with an essentially rectangular outline can also be formed by the jacket of a correspondingly large tube.
  • the process according to the invention for the production of such an electrical panel radiator is essentially characterized in that a metallic coating of resistance or heating conductor material is deposited on a temperature-resistant support by means of an arc spraying process.
  • a metallic coating of resistance or heating conductor material is deposited on a temperature-resistant support by means of an arc spraying process.
  • the use of the arc spraying method such as flame spraying or plasma spraying, possible a particularly simple influence on the thickness of the layers to be deposited and thus a particularly good influence on the desired output of the heating element.
  • the full-surface design of the heating element with sprayed-on resistance material made possible by this coating technique by means of an arc spraying process, furthermore enables optimal heat transfer and minimal losses during the transition to the medium to be heated.
  • the arc spraying method also enables contacting for the purpose of forming the electrical connections by correspondingly increasing the coating thickness in the contact area, the use of the arc spraying method making it possible to use any resistance materials which could be used in other applications due to their mechanical strength values would be unsuitable.
  • the resistance material can be made much less thick and the material used less, and above all, the possibility is created to design panel radiators in such a way that they are even operated in a voltage range that is permissible for direct contact.
  • the correspondingly permissible resistance values for achieving a certain performance can be achieved more with a relatively low coating, the method preferably being carried out in such a way that the metallic coating has a thickness of 0.05 up to 0.2 mm is applied.
  • the metallic coating has a thickness of 0.05 up to 0.2 mm is applied.
  • Resistance wire alloys or heat conductor alloys are used, ceramic materials and / or temperature-resistant plastics preferably being used as carriers.
  • Tungsten, tungsten-rhenium, molybdenum, molybdenum-rhenium, Alsynchrom, Kanthai, Megapyr, Cekas, Densimet, Nickelin, Constantan, Rheotan or Rhodium are preferred as the material for the metallic coating their respective specific resistances can be deposited in such a way that the thickness of the coating means that resistance values below 10 ⁇ , in particular below 5 ⁇ , are set between the connections, as this appears to be particularly advantageous, in particular for low-voltage heaters.

Abstract

In an electric panel heater in which at least one electric heating element is arranged on a temperature-resistant support and connected to electric terminals, the heating element takes the form of a sprayed coating extending over the surface of a support. In a process for producing an electric panel heater, a metallic coating of resistant or heat-conductive material is arc-sprayed on a temperature-resistant support.

Description

Elektrischer Flächenheizkörper sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines derartigen HeizkörpersElectrical panel radiator and method for producing such a radiator
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen elektrischen Flächenheiz- körper, bei welchem wenigstens ein elektrischer Widerstand auf einem temperaturbeständigen Trägermaterial angeordnet ist und mit elektrischen Anschlüssen verbunden ist, sowie auf ein Ver¬ fahren zum Herstellen eines derartigen Flächenheizkörpers .The invention relates to an electrical panel radiator in which at least one electrical resistor is arranged on a temperature-resistant carrier material and is connected to electrical connections, and to a method for producing such a panel radiator.
Elektrische Heizkörper sind insbesondere als Heizplatten für die Erwärmung von Speisen bereits bekanntgeworden, wobei elek¬ trisches Widerstandsmaterial, beispielsweise Widerstandsdraht zumeist in Form von spiralförmigen Wicklungen oder in Form von Leiterbahnen an einem Träger festgelegt waren. Als Träger wurde zumeist ein entsprechend temperaturbeständiges, bei¬ spielsweise keramisches Material gewählt.Electric radiators have already become known, in particular, as heating plates for heating food, with electrical resistance material, for example resistance wire, mostly being fixed to a carrier in the form of spiral windings or in the form of conductor tracks. A correspondingly temperature-resistant, for example ceramic, material was usually chosen as the carrier.
Bedingt durch die elektrischen Widerstandswerte und mechani¬ schen Festigkeiten sowie das thermische Verhalten bekannter Widerstands- bzw. Heizleiterlegierungen war eine bestimmte Heizleistung nur mit bestimmten Größen bzw., Abmessungen des gesamten Heizkörpers erzielbar. Je nach Größe der zu beheizen¬ den Flächen mußten mehr oder minder große Abstände zwischen den Leiterbahnen aus den Heizleiterlegierungen eingehalten werden, so daß insbesondere bei großflächigen Heizkörpern in der Regel eine relativ inhomogene Temperaturverteilung über die Oberfläche die Folge war.Due to the electrical resistance values and mechanical strengths as well as the thermal behavior of known resistance or heating conductor alloys, a certain heating output could only be achieved with certain sizes or dimensions of the entire radiator. Depending on the size of the surfaces to be heated, more or less large distances between the conductor tracks made of the heat conductor alloys had to be maintained, so that, in particular in the case of large-area radiators, a relatively inhomogeneous temperature distribution over the surface was generally the result.
Aufgrund der gegebenen mechanischen Eigenschaften der für Heizleiter verwendbaren Legierungen konnten aber' auch nicht beliebige geometrische Konfigurationen für derartige Heizkör¬ per gewählt werden, und wenn mit Rücksicht auf schlechtere mechanische Eigenschaften entsprechend dickere Drahtstärken für den Widerstandsdraht bzw. den Heizleiter gefordert waren, bedeutete dies wiederum eine Einschränkung bezüglich der über eine bestimmte Länge erzielbaren Heizleistung, da der Wider- stand eine Funktion des Querschnittes des Widerstandsdrahtes ist .Due to the given mechanical properties of usable for heating conductor alloys but 'not any geometric configurations for such Heizkör¬ could be by choice, and were when requested with regard to poorer mechanical properties correspondingly thicker wire sizes for the resistance wire or the heating conductor, this meant, in turn, a restriction with regard to the heating output that can be achieved over a certain length because the resistance stood a function of the cross section of the resistance wire.
Ein weiterer Nachteil konventioneller elektrischer Flächen- heizkörper ist der Umstand, daß die Festlegung von Wider¬ standsdrähten, insbesondere von Spiralen oder Leiterbahnen an einem Trägermaterial nicht über die gesamte Länge des Wider¬ standsdrahtes bzw. des Heizleiters kontinuierlich erfolgen kann, wodurch isolierende Lufteinschlüsse zwischen Träger- material und Leiterbahnen in Kauf genommen werden mußten. Alternativ wurde anstelle von derartigen Widerstandsdrähten in Form von Heizspiralen oder im Fall von Flächenheizelementen unter Verwendung von Widerstandsbahnen bereits vorgeschlagen, elektrische Leitlacke zu verwenden. Derartige elektrische Leitlacke sind aber nur begrenzt temperaturbeständig und auch ihre relativ geringe mechanische Beständigkeit und Festigkeit ist in hohem Maße temperaturabhängig.A further disadvantage of conventional electrical panel radiators is the fact that the fixing of resistance wires, in particular spirals or conductor tracks, to a carrier material cannot take place continuously over the entire length of the resistor wire or the heating conductor, as a result of which insulating air pockets between the carrier - material and conductor tracks had to be accepted. Alternatively, instead of such resistance wires in the form of heating spirals or in the case of surface heating elements using resistance tracks, it has already been proposed to use electrical conductive lacquers. However, such electrical conductive lacquers are only temperature-resistant to a limited extent, and their relatively low mechanical resistance and strength also depend to a large extent on temperature.
Die Erfindung zielt nun darauf ab, einen elektrischen Flächenheizkörper der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit welchem beliebige Geometrien eines Flächenheizkörpers ohne weiteres realisiert werden können, wobei unmittelbar eine überaus verschleißfeste und stabile Oberfläche der Heizkörper geschaffen wird, welche eine konstante und homogene Tempera- turverteilung aufweist. Schließlich zielt die Erfindung darauf ab, ein Herstellungsverfahren zu schaffen, mit dem eine Her¬ stellung eines derartigen Flächenheizkörpers in besonders einfacher Weise möglich ist . Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht der elektrische Flächenheizkörper der eingangs genannten Art im wesentlichen darin, daß der elektrische Widerstand als Sprüh-Beschichtung ausgebildet ist, welche sich über die Ober¬ fläche eines Trägerkörpers erstreckt. Eine derartige Sprüh- Beschichtung, welche beispielsweise als Flammspritzen oderThe invention now aims to provide an electric panel radiator of the type mentioned at the outset, with which any geometries of a panel radiator can be easily realized, whereby an extremely wear-resistant and stable surface of the radiator is created, which has a constant and homogeneous temperature distribution having. Finally, the invention aims to provide a manufacturing method with which such a surface heating element can be manufactured in a particularly simple manner. To achieve this object, the electrical panel radiator of the type mentioned at the outset essentially consists in the electrical resistance being designed as a spray coating which extends over the surface of a carrier body. Such a spray coating, which for example as flame spraying or
Plasmaspritzen bekannt ist, ermöglicht es, eine homogenePlasma spraying is known, allows a homogeneous
Schicht eines hochwiderstandsfähigen metallischen Überzuges auf einem Träger abzuscheiden, wobei durch die Dicke des auf¬ gespritzten Widerstandsmaterials der Widerstandswert der ge- samten Schicht beeinflußt werden kann. Durch die Einflußnahme auf den Widerstandswert und die Maßnahme, die Schichtstärke den jeweiligen Erfordernissen und insbesondere der jeweiligen Materialwahl anpassen zu können, lassen sich auf beliebigen Geometrien Heizelemente der jeweils gewünschten Leistung er¬ zielen, da durch die Stärke bzw. Dicke der aufzuspritzenden Schicht des Widerstandsmaterials die Leistung des Heizelemen¬ tes unmittelbar beeinflußt werden kann. Ein wesentlicher Vor¬ teil der Sprüh-Beschichtung besteht hiebei darin, daß eine homogene Leistungsaufnahme über die Fläche und damit eine homogene Temperaturabgabe über die Fläche erzielt werden kann, wenn die Sprüh-Beschichtung entsprechend homogen und mit gleichbleibender Stärke abgeschieden wird.To deposit a layer of a highly resistant metallic coating on a carrier, the resistance value of the resisted material being entire layer can be influenced. By influencing the resistance value and the measure of being able to adapt the layer thickness to the respective requirements and in particular the respective choice of material, heating elements of the desired performance can be achieved on any geometries, since the thickness or thickness of the layer of the resistance material to be sprayed on the performance of the heating element can be influenced directly. An essential advantage of the spray coating is that a homogeneous power consumption over the surface and thus a homogeneous temperature release over the surface can be achieved if the spray coating is deposited in a correspondingly homogeneous manner and with a constant thickness.
Mit Vorteil ist der elektrische Flächenheizkörper so ausgebil¬ det, daß die beschichtete Oberfläche oder ihre Abwicklung im wesentlichen rechteckigen Umriß aufweist und an zwei zuein¬ ander parallelen Kanten eine Kontaktleiste aufweist, welche mit den Anschlüssen verbunden ist, wobei die Kontaktleisten in besonders einfacher Weise durch entsprechende Erhöhung der Schichtstärke an den Rändern der Spritzschicht im Kontakt¬ bereich ausgebildet werden können. Wenn die Kontaktleisten an zwei zueinander parallelen Kanten vorgesehen sind, wird eine homogene Temperaturverteilung über die Fläche gewährleistet.The electrical panel radiator is advantageously designed such that the coated surface or its development has an essentially rectangular outline and has a contact strip on two mutually parallel edges, which is connected to the connections, the contact strips in a particularly simple manner by a corresponding increase in the layer thickness can be formed at the edges of the spray layer in the contact area. If the contact strips are provided on two mutually parallel edges, a homogeneous temperature distribution over the surface is ensured.
In besonders einfacher Weise kann hiebei der Träger platten- för ig ausgebildet sein, wobei hier naturgemäß eine Abwicklung der Oberfläche mit im wesentlichen rechteckigen Umriß auch vom Mantel eines entsprechend großen Rohres gebildet sein kann.In a particularly simple manner, the carrier can be designed in the form of a plate, in which case, of course, a development of the surface with an essentially rectangular outline can also be formed by the jacket of a correspondingly large tube.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung eines derarti¬ gen elektrischen Flächenheizkörpers ist im wesentlichen da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß auf einen temperaturbeständigen Trä¬ ger eine metallische Beschichtung aus Widerstands- bzw. Heiz¬ leitermaterial mittels Lichtbogenspritzverfahren abgeschieden wird. Die Verwendung des Lichtbogenspritzverfahren, wie bei¬ spielsweise des Flammspritzens oder des Plasmaspritzens, er- möglicht hiebei eine besonders einfache Einflußnahme auf die Stärke der abzuscheidenden Schichten und damit eine besonders gute Beeinflussung der jeweils gewünschten Leistung des Heiz¬ elementes. Die durch diese Beschichtungstechnik mittels eines Lichtbogenspritzverfahrens mögliche, vollflächige Ausbildung des Heizelementes mit aufgespritztem Widerstandsmaterial er¬ möglicht darüber hinaus eine optimale Wärmeübertragung und geringste Verluste beim Übergang auf das zu beheizende Medium. Insbesondere werden bei einer derartigen Ausbildung aufgrund der direkten Haftung auf dem Trägermaterial keine isolierenden Lufteinschlüsse oder Abhebungen zu befürchten sein und es kann die Aufbringung mit einem Lichtbogenspritzverfahren auf Trä¬ germaterialien unterschiedlicher geometrischer Form erfolgen. Das Lichtbogenspritzverfahren ermöglicht darüber hinaus in einfacher Weise die Kontaktierung zum Zwecke der Ausbildung der elektrischen Anschlüsse durch entsprechende Erhöhung der Beschichtungsstärke im Kontaktbereich, wobei durch die Verwen¬ dung des Lichtbogenspritzverfahren beliebige Widerstands¬ materialien zum Einsatz gelangen könnten, welche in anderen Anwendungen aufgrund ihrer mechanischen Festigkeitswerte unge¬ eignet wären. Insbesondere kann mit wesentlich geringeren Schichtstärken und geringerem Materialaufwand für das Wider¬ standsmaterial das Auslangen gefunden werden, wobei vor allen Dingen die Möglichkeit geschaffen wird, Flächenheizkörper so auszubilden, daß sie sogar in einem für die unmittelbare Be¬ rührung zulässigen Spannungsbereich betrieben werden. Insbe¬ sondere bei Einsatz als Niederspannungsheizung können die ent¬ sprechend zulässigen Widerstandswerte zur Erzielung einer be¬ stimmten Leistung mit relativ geringer Beschichtung stärker erzielt werden, wobei vorzugsweise das Verfahren so durch¬ geführt wird, daß die metallische Beschichtung in einer Stärke von 0,05 bis 0,2 mm aufgetragen wird. In besonders einfacher Weise können als Material für die metallische BeschichtungThe process according to the invention for the production of such an electrical panel radiator is essentially characterized in that a metallic coating of resistance or heating conductor material is deposited on a temperature-resistant support by means of an arc spraying process. The use of the arc spraying method, such as flame spraying or plasma spraying, possible a particularly simple influence on the thickness of the layers to be deposited and thus a particularly good influence on the desired output of the heating element. The full-surface design of the heating element with sprayed-on resistance material, made possible by this coating technique by means of an arc spraying process, furthermore enables optimal heat transfer and minimal losses during the transition to the medium to be heated. In particular, in the case of such a design, due to the direct adhesion to the carrier material, there is no need to fear insulating air inclusions or lift-offs, and it can be applied to carrier materials of different geometric shapes using an arc spraying process. The arc spraying method also enables contacting for the purpose of forming the electrical connections by correspondingly increasing the coating thickness in the contact area, the use of the arc spraying method making it possible to use any resistance materials which could be used in other applications due to their mechanical strength values would be unsuitable. In particular, it can be found that the resistance material can be made much less thick and the material used less, and above all, the possibility is created to design panel radiators in such a way that they are even operated in a voltage range that is permissible for direct contact. Particularly when used as a low-voltage heater, the correspondingly permissible resistance values for achieving a certain performance can be achieved more with a relatively low coating, the method preferably being carried out in such a way that the metallic coating has a thickness of 0.05 up to 0.2 mm is applied. In a particularly simple manner, as a material for the metallic coating
Widerstandsdrahtlegierungen bzw. Heizleiterlegierungen einge- setzt werden, wobei vorzugsweise als Träger keramische Werk¬ stoffe und/oder temperaturbeständige Kunststoffe eingesetzt werden . Als Material für die metallische Beschichtung kommen in erster Linie bevorzugt Wolfram, Wolfram-Rhenium, Molybdän, Molybdän- Rhenium, Alsynchrom, Kanthai, Megapyr, Cekas, Densimet, Nickelin, Konstantan, Rheotan oder Rhodium in Betracht, wobei derartige Materialien in ihrer Schichtstärke entsprechend ihren jeweiligen spezifischen Widerständen so abgeschieden werden können, daß durch die Stärke der Beschichtung Wider¬ standswerte unter 10 Ω, insbesondere unter 5 Ω, zwischen den Anschlüssen eingestellt werden, wie dies insbesondere für Nie¬ derspannungs-heizungen besonders vorteilhaft erscheint. Resistance wire alloys or heat conductor alloys are used, ceramic materials and / or temperature-resistant plastics preferably being used as carriers. Tungsten, tungsten-rhenium, molybdenum, molybdenum-rhenium, Alsynchrom, Kanthai, Megapyr, Cekas, Densimet, Nickelin, Constantan, Rheotan or Rhodium are preferred as the material for the metallic coating their respective specific resistances can be deposited in such a way that the thickness of the coating means that resistance values below 10 Ω, in particular below 5 Ω, are set between the connections, as this appears to be particularly advantageous, in particular for low-voltage heaters.

Claims

Patentansprüche: Claims:
1. Elektrischer Flächenheizkörper, bei welchem wenigstens ein elektrischer Widerstand auf einem temperaturbeständigen Trä- germaterial angeordnet ist und mit elektrischen Anschlüssen verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der elektrische Widerstand als Sprüh-Beschichtung ausgebildet ist, welche sich über die Oberfläche eines Trägerkörpers erstreckt.1. Electric panel radiator, in which at least one electrical resistor is arranged on a temperature-resistant carrier material and is connected to electrical connections, characterized in that the electrical resistor is designed as a spray coating which extends over the surface of a carrier body.
2. Elektrischer Flächenheizkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beschichtete Oberfläche oder ihre Ab¬ wicklung im wesentlichen rechteckigen Umriß aufweist und an zwei zueinander parallelen Kanten eine Kontaktleiste aufweist, welche mit den Anschlüssen verbunden ist.2. Electric panel radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that the coated surface or its Ab¬ development has a substantially rectangular outline and has two mutually parallel edges, a contact strip which is connected to the connections.
3. Elektrischer Flächenheizkörper nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß der Träger plattenförmig ausgebildet ist .3. Electric panel radiator according to claim 1 or 2, da¬ characterized in that the carrier is plate-shaped.
4. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines elektrischen Flächenheiz¬ körpers nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf einen temperaturbeständigen Träger eine metallische Be¬ schichtung aus Widerstands- bzw. Heizleitermaterial mittels Lichtbogenspritzverfahren abgeschieden wird.4. A method for producing an electrical area heater according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a metallic coating of resistance or heating conductor material is deposited on a temperature-resistant support by means of an arc spraying process.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Träger keramische Werkstoffe und/oder temperaturbeständige Kunststoffe eingesetzt werden.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that ceramic materials and / or temperature-resistant plastics are used as the carrier.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die metallische Beschichtung in einer Stärke von 0,05 bis 0,2 mm aufgetragen wird.6. The method according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized ge indicates that the metallic coating is applied in a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß als metallische Beschichtung Wolfram, Wolfram- Rhenium, Molybdän, Molybdän-Rhenium, Alsynchrom, Kanthai, Megapyr, Cekas, Densimet, Nickelin, Konstantan, Rheotan oder Rhodium gewählt wird.7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the metallic coating tungsten, tungsten rhenium, molybdenum, molybdenum rhenium, Alsynchrom, Kanthai, Megapyr, Cekas, Densimet, Nickelin, Konstantan, Rheotan or Rhodium is chosen.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß durch die Stärke der Beschichtung Widerstands¬ werte unter 10 Ω, insbesondere unter 5 Ω, zwischen den An¬ schlüssen eingestellt werden. 8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the thickness of the coating resistance values below 10 Ω, in particular below 5 Ω, are set between the connections.
PCT/AT1993/000100 1992-06-12 1993-06-14 Electric panel heater and process for producing it WO1993026138A1 (en)

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AT121392 1992-06-12
ATA1213/92 1992-06-12

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996042184A1 (en) * 1995-06-08 1996-12-27 Deeman Product Development Limited Electrical heating elements
GB2357299A (en) * 1999-12-14 2001-06-20 Ceramaspeed Ltd Insulation component
DE10320379A1 (en) * 2003-05-06 2004-12-02 Leoni Ag A method for manufacturing heating elements in many different forms has conductive material flame sprayed on to a suitably shaped substrate material with an insulating layer
EP2278851A1 (en) 2009-07-24 2011-01-26 THERM-IC Products GmbH Nfg. & Co. KG Electrically heatable glass pane, method for production of same and window

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GB342300A (en) * 1929-10-28 1931-01-28 Hotpoint Electric Appliance Co Improvements in and relating to electric heating units
GB386742A (en) * 1931-11-11 1933-01-26 Leonard John Fowler Improvements in connection with electrical heating apparatus and in the method of constructing the same
US3425864A (en) * 1965-07-21 1969-02-04 Templeton Coal Co Method for making electric resistance heaters
DE1924202A1 (en) * 1969-05-12 1970-11-19 Annawerk Keramische Betr E Gmb Flat electric heater
DE2719174A1 (en) * 1977-04-29 1978-11-02 Licentia Gmbh Heatable mirror for use outside motor vehicle - comprises mirror-coated glass with resistance backing and two electrodes inside casing
DE3202239A1 (en) * 1982-01-25 1983-08-04 Vereinigte Glaswerke Gmbh, 5100 Aachen Mirror
EP0302589A1 (en) * 1987-06-27 1989-02-08 Jeffery Boardman Method of producing electrical heating elements and electrical heating elements so produced

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996042184A1 (en) * 1995-06-08 1996-12-27 Deeman Product Development Limited Electrical heating elements
US5889261A (en) * 1995-06-08 1999-03-30 Deeman Product Development Limited Electrical heating elements
GB2357299A (en) * 1999-12-14 2001-06-20 Ceramaspeed Ltd Insulation component
DE10320379A1 (en) * 2003-05-06 2004-12-02 Leoni Ag A method for manufacturing heating elements in many different forms has conductive material flame sprayed on to a suitably shaped substrate material with an insulating layer
EP2278851A1 (en) 2009-07-24 2011-01-26 THERM-IC Products GmbH Nfg. & Co. KG Electrically heatable glass pane, method for production of same and window

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