WO1993022136A1 - Impact resistant transparent panel - Google Patents

Impact resistant transparent panel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993022136A1
WO1993022136A1 PCT/AU1993/000199 AU9300199W WO9322136A1 WO 1993022136 A1 WO1993022136 A1 WO 1993022136A1 AU 9300199 W AU9300199 W AU 9300199W WO 9322136 A1 WO9322136 A1 WO 9322136A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
layers
impact resistant
glass
ballistic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1993/000199
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
John Cross
Original Assignee
John Cross
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by John Cross filed Critical John Cross
Publication of WO1993022136A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993022136A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10064—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising at least two glass sheets, only one of which being an outer layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10908—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin in liquid form
    • B32B17/10917—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin in liquid form between two pre-positioned glass layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B32B7/14—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties applied in spaced arrangements, e.g. in stripes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0407—Transparent bullet-proof laminatesinformative reference: layered products essentially comprising glass in general B32B17/06, e.g. B32B17/10009; manufacture or composition of glass, e.g. joining glass to glass C03; permanent multiple-glazing windows, e.g. with spacing therebetween, E06B3/66
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
    • B32B2571/02—Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an impact resistant transparent panel particularly, although not exclusively, envisaged for use in stopping the path of a ballistic missile such as a bullet. More commonly, the impact resistant transparent panel is referred to as bullet proof glass.
  • Bullet proof glass is often used in the protection of person's particularly when dealing with security and money.
  • the bullet proof glass typically comprises a number of layers of glass adhered face to face together to form a relatively thick although transparent panel.
  • the bullet proof glass operates by stripping away outer layers of the bullet as it passes through it. That is, each pane of glass strips away an outer layer of the bullet as the bullet passes through it.
  • a disadvantage of such bullet proof glass is that a shock wave passes through the entire bullet proof glass panel and tends to cause splintering of glass behind the panel.
  • the splintered glass poses a severe health risk to persons standing of the defensive side- of the bullet proof glass.
  • an impact resistant transparent panel for inhibiting passage of a ballistic
  • the impact resistant transparent panel comprising: a plurality of first layers of silica dioxide transparent material, the first layers each being rupturable by the passage of the ballistic and capable of retarding the speed of passage of the ballistic; a second layer of transparent material bonded face to face with one of the first layers, the second layer being capable of dispersing the energy of the ballistic for further regrading the speed of passage of the ballistic; and, a backing layer of transparent material bonded face to face with the second layer, the backing layer being formed of plastics material and being capable of inhibiting passage of fragments of the first layers and the second layers.
  • the first layers are glass
  • the second layer is an epoxy based resin
  • the ' backing layer is polycarbonate.
  • an impact resistant transparent panel for inhibiting passage of a ballistic
  • the impact resistant transparent panel having a plurality of first layers of silica dioxide based transparent material, a second layer of transparent material bonded to one of the first layers, and a backing layer of transparent plastics materials
  • the method comprising the steps of: cleaning and etching the surfaces of the first layers; applying a bonding layer between the first layers; priming one side of the backing layer to make it tacky; locating the layers in a mould; pouring the second layer, in liquid form, into the mould between one of the first layers and the primed
  • the primer is allowed to dry for between two and nineteen hours.
  • the cleaning, etching and priming steps are carried out under strictly clean conditions and at a temperature of between 15°C and 30°C.
  • the step of pouring the second layer is conducted at a temperature of between 15°C and 18°C until an exother temperature reading of 42°C is reached whereafter setting and curing of the second layer is to occur at a temperature of between 15°C and 30°C for a period of up to 7 days.
  • the bullet proof glass 10 comprises three layers of glass 12, 14 and 16 each typically formed of Si0 2 , CaO, and Na 2 0.
  • the glass layers 12, 14 and 16 are bonded together by bonding layers 18 and 20.
  • the bonding layers are double sided adhesive tape formed from polyester or polyurethane.
  • the bullet proof glass 10 has a further layer of glass 24 sandwiched between two layers referred to as F15NBL.
  • the layers F15NBL are remunerated 26 and 28.
  • the bullet proof glass 10 also has a backing layer 30 formed of a plastics material, typically polycarbonate.
  • the layers of the bullet proof glass 20 typically have the following thicknesses: glass layer 12 - 5mm bonding layer 18 - 0.8mm
  • the glass layer 16 and the bonding layer 20 are optional as is the glass layer 24 and the second F15NBL layer 28. These further layers 16, 20, 24, and 28 have been added in the exemplary embodiment to withstand bullets of greater velocity and penetrating ability.
  • the F15NBL layers 26 and 28 are prepared in liquid form and set and cured in place between the glass layers 16 and 24 and the backing layer 30.
  • the F15NBL layers 26 and 28 have the following formulation:
  • the F15NBL layer 26 and 28 are epoxy based resin having remarkable transparency characteristics and strength.
  • the F15NBL has two components, a compound (Part A) and a hardner (Part ) mixed in the ratio of two parts of Part A to one part of Part B.
  • the parts A and B have the following details: COMPOUND (PART T Appearance : Clear, low viscosity, liquid
  • the polycarbonate backing layer 30 operates as an anti-spalling layer to inhibit passage of fragments of the glass layers 12, 14, 16 and 24 to a defensive side 40 of the bulletproof glass 10 due to impact of a bullet at an attack side 42 of the bulletproof glass 10.
  • the bulletproof glass 10 can be made using the following steps.
  • the glass layers 12, 14, 16 and 24 are cleaned and the surfaces to be bonded are etched such as by using silane.
  • the silane may either be sprayed on to the surfaces of the glass panels 12, 14 and 16 at a mixing ratio of 1% with distilled water or methyl alcohol or by mixing the silane at a ratio of 1% into the bonding layers 18 and 20.
  • the bonding layer 18 is then applied between the glass layers 12 and 14, and the bonding layer 20 is applied between the glass layers 14 and 16.
  • the glass layers 12, 14, 16 are then located into a mould having the same width and height as the glass layers 12, 14, 16 and having a depth equal to the depth of the bulletproof glass 10 which is to be produced.
  • the cleaned and etched glass layer 24 is also located in the mould.
  • one face of the polycarbonate backing layer 30 is primed with a polycarbonate primer after cleaning the surface with iso-propyl alcohol.
  • the primer is applied to the surface using an airless spray gun to give a thin and even coat of the primer.
  • the primer is allowed to dry for a period of between 2 and 19 hours so as to be tacky.
  • the backing layer 30 is then located in to the mould with the treated surface disposed towards the glass layer 24.
  • the silane is applied by spraying with an airless spray gun.
  • the silane is mixed with distilled and methyl alcohol at the ratio of 1 part silane to 100 parts water and methyl alcohol.
  • the water acts as a carrier and the methyl alcohol evaporates the water from the surface of the glass layers 16 and 24. Wings 22 directed towards the signal to be received.
  • the edges of the mould between the glass layers 16 and 24 and between the glass layer 24 and the backing layer 30 are treated such as with double sided tape 34.
  • the F15NBL layers are prepared in liquid form and poured into the cavities between the glass layers 16 and 24 and between the glass layer 24 and the backing layer 30.
  • the F15NBL layers 26 and 28 are prepared by de-gassing components A and B. Passing components A and B through a mix and monitor machine at the ratio of 2 parts A and 1 part B to ensure a smooth and complete mix. Typically, this involves blending components A and B through a dynamic heat mixer and a static mixing line before applying into the cavity in the mould by a nozzle. It is essential that this step of the process is carried out at a temperature of between 15°C and 18°C. After the liquid material is poured into the cavity it is left to form a gel which takes approximately 90 minutes. Within that time stop and exotherm temperature reading of 42°C should be reached indicating proper preparation of the materials. The gelling period must also be carried out at a temperature of between 15°C and 18°C. After a period of a further of 60 minutes the bullet proof glass panel 10 can be removed from the mould and allowed to cure at a temperature of 15°C and 30°C for approximately 7 days. The bulletproof glass 10 then has bullet resistance to Australian Standards
  • the glass layers 12, 14 and 16 constitute the first layers of the present invention and the F15NBL layers 26 and 28 constitute the second layers of the present invention.
  • the bulletproof glass 10 is disposed with the attack side 42. disposed in a direction from which a bullet may approach, and the defence side 40 is disposed in a direction behind which personnel are situated.
  • a bullets incident at the attack site 42 of the bullet proof glass 10 strikes the glass panel 12 and causes it to shatter.
  • the glass 12 either causes the bullet to deform or otherwise strips off a part of the outer metal layer of the bullet.
  • the bullet typically continues to travel and strikes the glass layer 14 and causes it to shatter whereat the bullet is either further deformed or further outer metal layers of the bullet are striped away. The same process continues for the glass layer 16.
  • the bullet then reaches the F15NBL layer 26 which absorbs the impact of the bullet and disperses the energy therefrom towards the outer edges of the F15NBL layer 26.
  • the bullet then passes into the glass layer 24 which causes the glass layer 24 to shatter and further material to be striped away from the bullet. Still further travel of the bullet causes entry into the F15NBL layer 28 where further energy from the bullet is absorbed and dispersed toward the outer edges of the F15NBL layer 28.
  • the poly carbonate backing layer 30 maintains the rear integrity of the bullet proof glass 10 and inhibits passage of glass splinters from the glass layers 12, 14 and 16 and 24 to the defence side 40 of the bullet proof glass 10.
  • the impact resistant transparent panel 10 is able to deform and/or strip away the outer layers of a ballistic incident upon it at the attack side 42, to absorb the energy of the ballistic and disperse it outwardly and to inhibit spallings of glass from penetrating through the panel
  • the panel 10 also has the surprising effect that ballistics incident at the defence side 40 are able to freely pass through all of the layers and project out of the attack side 42. Consequently, ballistics may offensively be projected through the bullet proof glass 10 in one direction (i.e. from the defence side 42 to the attack side 42) but prevented from passage in the other direction (i.e. from the attack side 42 to the defence side 40).
  • the number of glass layers 12, 14 and 16 and the number of F15NBL ' layers 26 and 28 to be used depend upon the nature of the ballistic to be stopped by the panel 10. Modifications and variations such as would be apparent to a skilled addressee are considered within the scope of the present invention.
  • plastics materials other tnan polycarbonate 30 may be used as the backing layer 30.

Abstract

An impact resistant transparent panel (10) has a plurality of first layers of glass (12, 14, 16) for retarding the passage of a ballistic such as a bullet. A second layer (26, 28), preferably epoxy based resin, disperses the energy of the ballistic. A backing layer (30), preferably polycarbonate, inhibits passage of fragments. A method for forming the panel (10) by pouring the second layer (26, 28) in liquid form and curing it is also disclosed. The panel inhibits the passage of ballistics from an attack side (42) to a defence side (40) while allowing passage of ballistics from the defence side (40) to the attack side (42).

Description

TITLE IMPACT RESISTANT TRANSPARENT PANEL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an impact resistant transparent panel particularly, although not exclusively, envisaged for use in stopping the path of a ballistic missile such as a bullet. More commonly, the impact resistant transparent panel is referred to as bullet proof glass. Bullet proof glass is often used in the protection of person's particularly when dealing with security and money. The bullet proof glass typically comprises a number of layers of glass adhered face to face together to form a relatively thick although transparent panel. The bullet proof glass operates by stripping away outer layers of the bullet as it passes through it. That is, each pane of glass strips away an outer layer of the bullet as the bullet passes through it. The further panes of glass strip away further layers of the bullet until the bullet ceases to move further into the bullet proof glass. A disadvantage of such bullet proof glass is that a shock wave passes through the entire bullet proof glass panel and tends to cause splintering of glass behind the panel. The splintered glass poses a severe health risk to persons standing of the defensive side- of the bullet proof glass.
It is therefore desirable to have a backing to the bullet proof glass which avoids the projection of glass splinters of the defensive side of the bullet proof glass. Prior art attempts to achieve this have failed since it has not been possible to adhere a suitable non shattering layer to the defensive side of the bullet proof glass. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an impact resistant transparent panel having a rear layer which entraps shattering material. SUBSTITUTE SHEET In accordance with one aspect of the present invention there is provided an impact resistant transparent panel for inhibiting passage of a ballistic, the impact resistant transparent panel comprising: a plurality of first layers of silica dioxide transparent material, the first layers each being rupturable by the passage of the ballistic and capable of retarding the speed of passage of the ballistic; a second layer of transparent material bonded face to face with one of the first layers, the second layer being capable of dispersing the energy of the ballistic for further regrading the speed of passage of the ballistic; and, a backing layer of transparent material bonded face to face with the second layer, the backing layer being formed of plastics material and being capable of inhibiting passage of fragments of the first layers and the second layers.
Typicallyr the first layers are glass, the second layer is an epoxy based resin and the ' backing layer is polycarbonate.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for forming an impact resistant transparent panel for inhibiting passage of a ballistic, the impact resistant transparent panel having a plurality of first layers of silica dioxide based transparent material, a second layer of transparent material bonded to one of the first layers, and a backing layer of transparent plastics materials, the method comprising the steps of: cleaning and etching the surfaces of the first layers; applying a bonding layer between the first layers; priming one side of the backing layer to make it tacky; locating the layers in a mould; pouring the second layer, in liquid form, into the mould between one of the first layers and the primed
SUBSTITUTE SHEET side of the backing layer; and, setting and curing the second layer.
Preferably, the in the priming step, the primer is allowed to dry for between two and nineteen hours.
Preferably, the cleaning, etching and priming steps are carried out under strictly clean conditions and at a temperature of between 15°C and 30°C.
Preferably, the step of pouring the second layer is conducted at a temperature of between 15°C and 18°C until an exother temperature reading of 42°C is reached whereafter setting and curing of the second layer is to occur at a temperature of between 15°C and 30°C for a period of up to 7 days. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention will now be described with particular reference to the accompanying drawing which is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of impact resistant transparent panel. Hereinafter the term bullet proof glass will be used place of the term impact resistant transparent panel .
The bullet proof glass 10 comprises three layers of glass 12, 14 and 16 each typically formed of Si02, CaO, and Na20. The glass layers 12, 14 and 16 are bonded together by bonding layers 18 and 20. Typically, the bonding layers are double sided adhesive tape formed from polyester or polyurethane.
The bullet proof glass 10 has a further layer of glass 24 sandwiched between two layers referred to as F15NBL. The layers F15NBL are remunerated 26 and 28.
The bullet proof glass 10 also has a backing layer 30 formed of a plastics material, typically polycarbonate. The layers of the bullet proof glass 20 typically have the following thicknesses: glass layer 12 - 5mm bonding layer 18 - 0.8mm
SUBSTITUTE SHEET - - glass layer 14 - 5mm bonding layer 20 - 0.8mm glass layer 16 - 5mm F15NBL layer 26 - 4.5mm glass layer 24 - 2mm
F15NBL layer 28 - 4.5mm backing layer 30 - 6mm
In the exemplary embodiment the glass layer 16 and the bonding layer 20 are optional as is the glass layer 24 and the second F15NBL layer 28. These further layers 16, 20, 24, and 28 have been added in the exemplary embodiment to withstand bullets of greater velocity and penetrating ability.
The F15NBL layers 26 and 28 are prepared in liquid form and set and cured in place between the glass layers 16 and 24 and the backing layer 30. The F15NBL layers 26 and 28 have the following formulation:
Layer of Transparent liquid poured or injected into the mould. Comprising of 435mm thickness 816/V235CPS/Tixl/Sql.l2 C<1 Sol-100% x 5 units epoxy. Combined with 148/V700CPS/Tixl/C<l Sol-100% Gel HOOmins linked 3 units with overall additive U.C. Al/74 x 2%%. The F15NBL layer 26 and 28 are epoxy based resin having remarkable transparency characteristics and strength. The F15NBL has two components, a compound (Part A) and a hardner (Part ) mixed in the ratio of two parts of Part A to one part of Part B. The parts A and B have the following details: COMPOUND (PART T Appearance : Clear, low viscosity, liquid
Composition : M o d i f i e d , B i s p h e n o l
A/Epichlorhydrin Epoxide Resin Viscosity : 1000 +/- 200 cps at 25°C
Specific Gravity : 1.10 kg per litre EEW : 205
HARDENER (PART B)
Appearance : Clear low viscosity liquid with slight am oniacal odour
SUBSTITUTE SHEET Composition : Modified Cycloaliphatic Diamine curing agent Viscosity : 1000 +/- 200 cps at 25°C
Specific Gravity : 1.02 kg per litre Flash Point : >100°C (PMCC)
Amine H Active Equiv. Weight : 98
The polycarbonate backing layer 30 operates as an anti-spalling layer to inhibit passage of fragments of the glass layers 12, 14, 16 and 24 to a defensive side 40 of the bulletproof glass 10 due to impact of a bullet at an attack side 42 of the bulletproof glass 10.
The bulletproof glass 10 can be made using the following steps. The glass layers 12, 14, 16 and 24 are cleaned and the surfaces to be bonded are etched such as by using silane. The silane may either be sprayed on to the surfaces of the glass panels 12, 14 and 16 at a mixing ratio of 1% with distilled water or methyl alcohol or by mixing the silane at a ratio of 1% into the bonding layers 18 and 20. The bonding layer 18 is then applied between the glass layers 12 and 14, and the bonding layer 20 is applied between the glass layers 14 and 16. The glass layers 12, 14, 16 are then located into a mould having the same width and height as the glass layers 12, 14, 16 and having a depth equal to the depth of the bulletproof glass 10 which is to be produced. The cleaned and etched glass layer 24 is also located in the mould. Then one face of the polycarbonate backing layer 30 is primed with a polycarbonate primer after cleaning the surface with iso-propyl alcohol. The primer is applied to the surface using an airless spray gun to give a thin and even coat of the primer. The primer is allowed to dry for a period of between 2 and 19 hours so as to be tacky. The backing layer 30 is then located in to the mould with the treated surface disposed towards the glass layer 24.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET The surfaces of the glass panel 16 and 24 which are as yet free of contact with other layers are etched with silane, typically of the type provided by
Union Carbide under the designation A1110. The silane is applied by spraying with an airless spray gun. The silane is mixed with distilled and methyl alcohol at the ratio of 1 part silane to 100 parts water and methyl alcohol. The water acts as a carrier and the methyl alcohol evaporates the water from the surface of the glass layers 16 and 24. Wings 22 directed towards the signal to be received.
The edges of the mould between the glass layers 16 and 24 and between the glass layer 24 and the backing layer 30 are treated such as with double sided tape 34. Next the F15NBL layers are prepared in liquid form and poured into the cavities between the glass layers 16 and 24 and between the glass layer 24 and the backing layer 30.
The F15NBL layers 26 and 28 are prepared by de-gassing components A and B. Passing components A and B through a mix and monitor machine at the ratio of 2 parts A and 1 part B to ensure a smooth and complete mix. Typically, this involves blending components A and B through a dynamic heat mixer and a static mixing line before applying into the cavity in the mould by a nozzle. It is essential that this step of the process is carried out at a temperature of between 15°C and 18°C. After the liquid material is poured into the cavity it is left to form a gel which takes approximately 90 minutes. Within that time stop and exotherm temperature reading of 42°C should be reached indicating proper preparation of the materials. The gelling period must also be carried out at a temperature of between 15°C and 18°C. After a period of a further of 60 minutes the bullet proof glass panel 10 can be removed from the mould and allowed to cure at a temperature of 15°C and 30°C for approximately 7 days. The bulletproof glass 10 then has bullet resistance to Australian Standards
SUBSTITUTE SHEET AS2343 .
The glass layers 12, 14 and 16 constitute the first layers of the present invention and the F15NBL layers 26 and 28 constitute the second layers of the present invention.
In use, the bulletproof glass 10 is disposed with the attack side 42. disposed in a direction from which a bullet may approach, and the defence side 40 is disposed in a direction behind which personnel are situated. A bullets incident at the attack site 42 of the bullet proof glass 10 strikes the glass panel 12 and causes it to shatter. The glass 12 either causes the bullet to deform or otherwise strips off a part of the outer metal layer of the bullet. The bullet typically continues to travel and strikes the glass layer 14 and causes it to shatter whereat the bullet is either further deformed or further outer metal layers of the bullet are striped away. The same process continues for the glass layer 16. The bullet then reaches the F15NBL layer 26 which absorbs the impact of the bullet and disperses the energy therefrom towards the outer edges of the F15NBL layer 26. The bullet then passes into the glass layer 24 which causes the glass layer 24 to shatter and further material to be striped away from the bullet. Still further travel of the bullet causes entry into the F15NBL layer 28 where further energy from the bullet is absorbed and dispersed toward the outer edges of the F15NBL layer 28. The poly carbonate backing layer 30 maintains the rear integrity of the bullet proof glass 10 and inhibits passage of glass splinters from the glass layers 12, 14 and 16 and 24 to the defence side 40 of the bullet proof glass 10.
It can be seen from the above that the impact resistant transparent panel 10 is able to deform and/or strip away the outer layers of a ballistic incident upon it at the attack side 42, to absorb the energy of the ballistic and disperse it outwardly and to inhibit spallings of glass from penetrating through the panel
SUBSTITUTE SHEET - - 10.
The panel 10 also has the surprising effect that ballistics incident at the defence side 40 are able to freely pass through all of the layers and project out of the attack side 42. Consequently, ballistics may offensively be projected through the bullet proof glass 10 in one direction (i.e. from the defence side 42 to the attack side 42) but prevented from passage in the other direction (i.e. from the attack side 42 to the defence side 40).
The number of glass layers 12, 14 and 16 and the number of F15NBL' layers 26 and 28 to be used depend upon the nature of the ballistic to be stopped by the panel 10. Modifications and variations such as would be apparent to a skilled addressee are considered within the scope of the present invention. For example, plastics materials other tnan polycarbonate 30 may be used as the backing layer 30.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET

Claims

1. An impact resistant transparent panel for inhibiting passage of a ballistic, the impact resistant transparent panel comprising: a plurality of first layers of silica dioxide transparent material, the first layers each being rupturable by the passage of the ballistic and capable of retarding the speed of passage of the ballistic; a second layer of transparent material bonded face to face with one of the first layers, the second layer being capable of dispersing the energy of the ballistic for further regrading the speed of passage of the ballistic; and, a backing layer of transparent material bonded face to face with the second layer, the backing layer being formed of plastics material and being capable of inhibiting passage of fragments of the first layers and the second layers.
2. An impact resistant transparent panel according to claim 1, in which the first layers are formed from glass.
3. An impact resistant transparent layer according to claim 1, in which the second layer is an epoxy based resin.
4. An impact resistant transparent layer according to claim 1, in which the backing layer is polycarbonate.
5. An impact resistant transparent panel according to claim 1, in which the first layers are bonded together with double sided adhesive strips of polyester and polyurethane.
6. A method for forming an impact resistant
SUBSTITUTE SHEET - io - transparent panel for inhibiting passage of a ballistic, the impact resistant transparent panel having a plurality of first layers of silica dioxide based transparent material, a second layer of transparent material bonded to one of the first layers, and a backing layer of transparent plastics materials, the method comprising the steps of: cleaning and etching the surfaces of the first layers; applying a bonding layer between the first layers; priming one side of the backing layer to "make it tacky; locating the layers in a mould; pouring the second layer, in liquid form, into the mould between one of the first layers and the primed side of the backing layer; and, setting and curing the second layer.
7. A method according to claim 6, in which the step of pouring the second layer occurs at a temperature between 15° and 18°C.
8. A method according to claim 6, in which the step of priming the backing layer includes applying the primer and allowing the primer to dry for a period of between 2 and 19 hours.
9. A method according to claim 6, in which the steps of cleaning, etching and priming are carried out under strictly clean conditions at a temperature of between 15°C and 30°C.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET
PCT/AU1993/000199 1992-05-04 1993-05-04 Impact resistant transparent panel WO1993022136A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPL223292 1992-05-04
AUPL2232 1992-05-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993022136A1 true WO1993022136A1 (en) 1993-11-11

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PCT/AU1993/000199 WO1993022136A1 (en) 1992-05-04 1993-05-04 Impact resistant transparent panel

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Country Link
WO (1) WO1993022136A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0901606A1 (en) * 1996-05-30 1999-03-17 United Defense, L.P. Passive roof armor
WO2002038375A2 (en) * 2000-11-11 2002-05-16 Chemetall Gmbh Temperature independent composite security plate

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US4125669A (en) * 1976-02-19 1978-11-14 Deutsche Gold-Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler Bulletproof laminated safety glass and process for production
EP0001954A1 (en) * 1977-11-03 1979-05-16 COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE Etablissement de Caractère Scientifique Technique et Industriel Process for the manufacture of safety glass and product obtained according to this process
GB2015427A (en) * 1978-02-09 1979-09-12 Pilkington Brothers Ltd Production of Laminates
GB1600867A (en) * 1977-04-15 1981-10-21 Langlands M F T Safety glass
EP0130886A1 (en) * 1983-06-22 1985-01-09 Saint Gobain Vitrage International Safety glass, in particular bullet-proof safety glass
US4600640A (en) * 1984-08-13 1986-07-15 General Electric Company Thermoplastic resinous substrates having an external thin glass sheet protective layer
EP0302959A1 (en) * 1987-08-13 1989-02-15 ISOCLIMA S.p.A. Transparent stratified shatterproof and/or bulletproof panel
US4879183A (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-11-07 Mannheim Jose R Method to manufacture a blindaged glass
FR2634417A1 (en) * 1988-07-20 1990-01-26 Perigueux Emmanuel Bullet-proof and explosion-proof glazing with in-built damper
US5019443A (en) * 1984-04-04 1991-05-28 Pilkington Plc Curved, laminated impact-resistant panel
FR2662154A1 (en) * 1990-05-15 1991-11-22 Ackermann Robert Bulletproof glazing permitting return fire and process for its manufacture

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3671370A (en) * 1970-06-15 1972-06-20 Ppg Industries Inc Integral transparent safety glass armor unit
US4125669A (en) * 1976-02-19 1978-11-14 Deutsche Gold-Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler Bulletproof laminated safety glass and process for production
GB1600867A (en) * 1977-04-15 1981-10-21 Langlands M F T Safety glass
EP0001954A1 (en) * 1977-11-03 1979-05-16 COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE Etablissement de Caractère Scientifique Technique et Industriel Process for the manufacture of safety glass and product obtained according to this process
GB2015427A (en) * 1978-02-09 1979-09-12 Pilkington Brothers Ltd Production of Laminates
EP0130886A1 (en) * 1983-06-22 1985-01-09 Saint Gobain Vitrage International Safety glass, in particular bullet-proof safety glass
US5019443A (en) * 1984-04-04 1991-05-28 Pilkington Plc Curved, laminated impact-resistant panel
US4600640A (en) * 1984-08-13 1986-07-15 General Electric Company Thermoplastic resinous substrates having an external thin glass sheet protective layer
US4879183A (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-11-07 Mannheim Jose R Method to manufacture a blindaged glass
EP0302959A1 (en) * 1987-08-13 1989-02-15 ISOCLIMA S.p.A. Transparent stratified shatterproof and/or bulletproof panel
FR2634417A1 (en) * 1988-07-20 1990-01-26 Perigueux Emmanuel Bullet-proof and explosion-proof glazing with in-built damper
FR2662154A1 (en) * 1990-05-15 1991-11-22 Ackermann Robert Bulletproof glazing permitting return fire and process for its manufacture

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0901606A1 (en) * 1996-05-30 1999-03-17 United Defense, L.P. Passive roof armor
EP0901606A4 (en) * 1996-05-30 2001-01-10 United Defense Lp Passive roof armor
WO2002038375A2 (en) * 2000-11-11 2002-05-16 Chemetall Gmbh Temperature independent composite security plate
WO2002038375A3 (en) * 2000-11-11 2002-09-06 Volker Bastian Temperature independent composite security plate

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