US782259A - Retort coke-oven. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905.

RETRT COKE OVEN.

MPLIUANON FILED MAY s1, 1904.

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No. 782,259. PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905. O. S. MASON.

RETORT COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 1904.

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O. S. MASON.

RBTORT COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3l, 1904.

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No. 782,259. PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905. O. S. MASON.

RETORT COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 1904.

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PATENT Ormea,

OLYDE S. MASON, OF BUFFALO, NEV YORK.

RETORT COKE-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 782,259, dated February 14, 1905.

Application tiled May 3l, 1904. Serial No. 210,487.

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Be it known that l', OLYDE S. UAsoN, a residentof Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Retort Coke-Ovens; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to retort coke-ovens; and its object is to secure a more uniform distribution of the gases around the ovens and to equalize this distribution when necessary, so as to uniformly coke the charge of coal.

ln the acconmanying drawings, Figure lis a horizontal section through my improved oven, the section being taken partly through the ovens and partly through the combustionchambers below the ovens, said section being' indicated by the line 1 l on Fig. el. Fig. L) is a vertical section through an oventransversely through the regenerators, said section being indicated on the line 2 Q, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a similar section taken through the vertical tlues in the side walls of the ovens, said section being' indicated on the line 3 3, Fig. I; and t is a vertical section transversely through the ovens and lengthwise of a regenerator, said section being taken on the line t 4r, Fig. l.

A well-known type of retort coke-oven in quite extensive use is known as the lloli'- mann" or the Otto-l'lotfmann oven, this comprising a battery or series of horizontal retortovens with vertical heating-fines between the walls of adjacent ovens, which heating-fines at their lower ends communicate with combustion-chambers located below the ovens and at their upper ends communicate with a horizontal flue connecting the two sides of the series of ovens. 'lhe coml)ustion-ehambers at each side of the battery communicate with a regenerator located underneath or at some point adjacent to that side of the battery and in which the air is heated prior to entering the combustion-chamber, where it is mingled with the gas. ln the operation of these ovens the air enters first through the regenerator on one side of the battery, is heated therein, thence passes up into the combustion-chambers on that side, where it is mingled with the gas and burned, the heated products of combustion passing' up through the vertical heatingflues between the walls of adjacent ovens, thus heating the latter, thence by means of the horizontal liuc over to the other side of the battery of ovens, down through the vcrtical fines and through the regenerator on that side, and thence to the stack, the waste heat thus heating' the checker-work in the lastnained regenerator. After a certain period of operation'-say about thirty minutes nthe course of the air and gas through the regenerators and oven is reversed, as is well known, thel newly-heated regenerator serving to heat the incoming air` while the other regenerator is reheated by the wastel products of combustion. 'lhe objection to this type of oven is that the heated gases rising from the combustion-elmml)ers are not equally distributed through the vertical lilies, neither is there anyway of equalizing or regiilating the flow of gases through the vertical fines so as to uniformly distribute the same. As a result, the charge of coal in the coking-ovens is not uniformly cokcd. My invention iinproves on this type of oven by providing means for equalizing the distribution of the hot gases in the vertical heating-tlues so as to uniformly coke the coal. 'lliis l attain by providing above the vertical lines one or more horizontal tlues in addition to the horizontal flue which is in use with the llotlmann oven for carrying the gases from one side of the battery to the opposite side, which additional horizontal llue or tlues extend from the central line of the battery out to the sides thereof, and 'the walls between said horizontal [lues being provided with openings which are controlled by regulating-rlampers.

In the accompanying'ilrawings l have shown my invention applied to a Ilotl'mann oven substantially' the same as that shown in United States Patent No. 91400, granted February Q8, 1893, to (ustav Hoffmann. l have not deemed it essential to show all of the details ofsaid oven, as the same will be readily understood by reference to the patent above named, or by those familiar with ovens of this type.

The cokingovens are formed as long narrow chambers l, built up by masonry and extending Vfrom side to side of the masonry .lOO

structure. These ovens are closed at their ends 2 by means of gas-tight doors. The coal is supplied through openings 3 through the top wall of the ovens, which openings are also closed by gas-tight doors, or the coal may be introduced in compressed cakes through the doors 2. rl`he gas developed by the coking of the coal is led away by pipes 4 and conduit 5 to the condenser. (Not shown.) When the gas has been cooled off in the condenser and separated from the tar and ammonia, it is returned to the oven for combustion, or gas produced in some other way is supplied to the oven for combustion. The gas is returned from the condenser or other source through the conduit 6 and is conducted alternately into the supply- pipes 7 and 8, which are controlled by suitable valves 9 and 10, the position of these valves determining into which pipe the gas enters. From these pipes the gas passes through the small branch pipes or burners 11 and 12 into the combustionchambers 13 and 14, in which it is burned. The air for the combustion of the gas is forced by any suitable apparatus through the conduit l5 and by an ordinary reversing or deflecting damper 16 of the butterfly or other the canal 18.

type is diverted either into the canal 17 or These canals lead, respectively, to the two regenerators 19 and 20, which are located below or at some point adjacent to the combustion-chambers and which are filled with checker-work, as is common. The air passes through one of these regenerators, is heated therein, and then enters, by means offlues 21, into the combustion-chambers on that side of the battery wherein it is mixed with the gas and burned. rlhe hot products of combustion pass from the combustion-chambers through ports 22 into the vertical heating-flues 23, located in the walls between adjacent ovens, thus heating the latter. Above these vertical [lues 23 and also in the walls between adjacent ovens are the horizontal flues 24, which lead over to the opposite side of the battery. As

a result, the air and gas are burned on one side of the battery, pass up through the vertical flnes 23 on that side, thence by means of the horizontal iues 24 over to the opposite side of the battery, down through the vertical fiues 23, and into the regenerator on that side of the furnace, heating the'checker-work therein,and thence through the canal 17 or 18, as the case may be, to the stack. Periodically the reversing-valve is shifted and the gas-valves 9 and 10 are changedwthat is, the one closed and the other opened. The course of the air and gas is then through the furnace in the opposite direction, as will be readily understood.

The oven so far described is or may be of the usual type and is substantially the same as shown and described in Patent No. 492,400,

above referred to. In such ovens only a on Fig. 2 of Patent No. 492,400. Writh such arrangement there is liability of more of the heated gases Howing up through some of the vertical flues 23 than through others, thus producing the unequal distribution of gases and corresponding non-uniformity in the coking above referred to. My invention is applied at this point. It consists in providing one or more additional horizontal iues above the vertical flues 23. On the drawings I have shown two such additional horizontal flues 25 and 26, respectively, although only one or more than two might be used, if desired. These flues preferably extend from the rnedian line or wall 27 of the battery out to the sides thereof, so that all gases will eventually have to pass through the upper flue 24 in order to reach the opposite side of the battery. The walls 28 and 29, which separate the several horizontal ues, are provided with a series of openings 30, the number of which may be varied; but preferably there will be three such openings arranged substantially as shown that is, inthe lower wall 28 there will be an opening substantially at the middle and one at each end thereof, whereas with the upper wall 29 there will be an opening at the outer end and two intermediate the ends, but none at the inner end thereof. rlhe openings in the walls 28 and 29 are preferably out of line with each other, so that the flow of gases can be more easily equalized. If only one additional flue is used, it will correspondl with the flue 25, and the openings and valve arrangement will be the same as shown in the wall 29. lf more than two additional fiues are used, all of the walls below the upper one will preferably have the same openings and valve arrangement as shown in the wall 28. These additional horizontal flues and the various openings therethrough serve to dis-` tribute and equalize the iow of the gases through the vertical flues 23. Preferably the openings through the horizontal walls will be regulated by means of suitable valves, so that the liow of gases can be equalized as far as possible. These valves may be of any type, those shown being ordinary refractory brick or blocks 31, resting on the upper surfaces of the walls and the position of which can be changed by inserting a suitable bar 33 through openings 32 in the side walls. These openings also serve asobservation or peep holes and may be used by introducing additional gas-burners, as may be desirable at times, as when speeding the ovens.

In the operation of my oven the air and gas will be periodically reversed and will iiow through the oven in exactly the same way as in the well-known Homann oven, the only difference being in providing the one or more additional horizontal flues, together with openings and regulating-valves in the walls separating the horizontal flues, so that the flow of the hot gases through the vertical IOO ltlues can be equalized and uni't'orm coliing' ot' the coal in the adjacent ovens be produced. As above stated, the nmnber of these additional tiues is not essential, neither is the precise arrangement of openings through the walls separating' the tiues shown in the drawings absolutely essential. These details may be varied within wide limits without departing' from the spirit of my invention.

lYhat l claim isl. In a retort seizing-oven, the combination ot' a series ot' horizontal retort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, vertical heating-tlues arranged betweenvadjacent ovens and communicating at their lower ends with the c(nnbustitm-chanlbers, and a plurality ot' horizontal` fines between adjacent ovens, one ot said fines communicating' with the upper ends of the vertical lines and another otsaid lines extending' from side to side of the series ot' ovens. the wall or walls separating said horizontal l'iues being' provided with openings for equalizing' the liow of the gases.

*2. ln a retort coke-oven, the combination ot a series ot horizontal retort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, vertical heating-tl ues between adjacent ovens and communicating at their lower ends with the combustion-chambers, a plurality ot' horizontal iues between adjacent ovens, one of said l'lues communicating' with the upper ends ot' the vertical tiues and another ot' said lines extending' t'rom side to side ot' the series of ovens, the wall or walls separating said horizontal flues being' provided with openings, and regulating valves or dam pers for said openings.

3. In a retort coke-oven, the combination ot a series of horizontal retort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, vertical heating-fines between adjacent ovens and communicating' at their lower ends with the combustion-chambers, a plurality of horizontal tlues between adjacent ovens, one of said horizontal lines communicatingl with the upper ends ot' the vertical iiues and another o't` said iiues extending' from side to side of the series of ovens. the wall or walls separating said horizontal tlues being provided with openings, refraetm'y bloc-lts for regulating' the size ot' said openings, and holes in the oven-wall for the insertion ot' a rod t'or moving said blocks.

4. ln a retort coke-oven, the combination ot' a series ot' horizontal retort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, vertical heating-fines between adjacent ovens and comuninicating' at their lower ends with the combustion-chambers, and three horizontal iiues between adjacent ovens, the lower one of said tlues communicating' with the upper ends of the vertial tlues and the upper one of said tlues extending from side to side ot' the series of ovens, the walls separating' said fines being' provided with openings out of line with each other whereby the iow ot' gases is equalized.

In a retort coke-oven, the combination of a series of horizontal retort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, reg'encrators adjacent to said combustion-chambers and communicating' therewith, vertical heating'- tlues between adjacent ovens and communieating at their lower ends with the combustion-chambers, a plurality ot' horizontal tlues between adjacent ovens, one ot said horizontal lines communicating' with the upper ends of the vertical tiues and another of said horizontal tlues extending Vtrom side to side otl the series ot' ovens, and the wall or walls separating' said horizontal fines being' provided with openings for regulating the fiow o l gas through the vertical tiues.

6. In a retort colte-oven, the combination of a series of horizontal retort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, reg'enerators adjacent to said combustion-chambers and communicating' therewith, vertical heating'- tiues between adjacent ovens and communieating' at their lower ends with the combustion-chambers, a plurality of horizontal tlues between adjacent oven-walls, one ol said l'iues communicating' with the upper ends ot' the vertical tlues and extending' from the median line ot' the series ot' ovens to the side thereof, and another ot' said tlues extending' from side to side of the series otl ovens, the wall or walls separating' said horizontal tlues being' provided with opening's, and reg'ulating' dampers or valves for said openings.

T. ln a retort colte-oven, the combination of a series otl horizontal retort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, regenerators adjacent to said combustion-chambers and communicating therewith, vertical heating'- lues between Yadjacent ovens and communicating' at their lower ends with the combus, tion-chambers, three horizontal lines between adjacent ovens and located one above the other, the lower one of said tlues communicating' with the upper ends ot' the vertical ilues and the upper oneot' said horizontal tiues extending' from side to side ot' the series ol ovens, and g'as-erualizing' openings through the walls separating said llues, said openings being in diti'erent vertical planes.

In testimony whereoi" l, the said Cnvpr: S. MAsoN, have hereunto set my hand.

CLYDE S. MASON.

Witnesses:

W'M. J. Nimaia, HAROLD B. Stmas.

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