US1761835A - Coke oven - Google Patents

Description

June 3, 1930. E. LE'cocQ 1,761,835

coKE ovEN l Filed March 23. 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 y, I, Mr' Jaz '//vVf/vroR. Eugene Lecocq' @VMM June 3, 1930. E. I EcocQ 1.761.835

' l coKE ovEN Filed March 23, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 I k ,l J/

fuyen e Lcocg A 7 7 ORNE ys.

June 3, 1930. E. Lr-:cocQ 1,761,835

COKE ovEN y Filed March 23. 1925 4 Sheetsv-Sheet 5 ffl/gene Lecce?p ATTO .QA/Err.

R M m ,w e M V a .,If w Z l//lwr//////l////////////////l//A% .i J 4 .EJH/w//wvfzul .//fn 4 a z HT aw/m y .z a .1 y ,M Z MJ 0MM V lill .b J l. w a 4 i2 :LIJ j \0 J .,2 Mw H.. o a 4l ,a 2. vzw

l f /fdl/ J/mn A. UH u 4| van J 5 ln.. o l lill' n E. LECOCQ June 3,V 1930'.

COKE OVEN Filed March 23. 1925 4 Sheets- Sheet 4 In...1-1.2..-...HJI--l---.111.......Zffly tu.

Z//VMV/.

/N VE/V TUR [fa/gene LecacgA Patented .lune 3, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT vor-'FICE EUGENE LEcoce, or BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, AssIGNoR 'ro SOCIETE GENERALE DE FOURS A coxE, SYSTEMES LEcoce socntrE ANONYME, or BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, a BELGIAN COKE OVEN Application med latch 23, 1925, Serial No. 17,480, and in Belgium Iarch 29, 1924.

It has been known for a long time in connection with coke ovens that whenthe path taken by the gas during combustion in the heating iiues is relatively long, it is necessaryto either admit the air, or the gas, or both, at many points in the flues so as to obtain a regular and uniform heat in theoven.

'This process is applicable to many metallurgical ovens and also to ovens for distillationof coal as well as for the manufacture of gas for illuminating purposes and in coke ovens. In these latter the stepped combustion that is to say the admission of gas or air, or both at the same time, at different heights in the heating lues is necessary if the coke ovens are of the type with vertical combustion chambers and also ,in coke ovens of the 2o type with horizontal chambers and horizontal heating fines owing to the1great length y of these flues.

In'coke ovens with horizontal chambers and vertical hea'ti lues different arrangements are also use for the distribution of air or gas' or both at different heights in the heating flues. So, for instance, in certain ovens, the gas is partly admitted at the base of the heating fines and partly at the top of 3o these lines and in others a third admission of gas is madev by a horizontal flue under the chamber of the oven; further in other ovens, the whole of the gas is admitted at the base of the heating ilues whilst a part only of the air (the primary) necessary for combustion iswadmitted at that point, the other part (secondaryair) being admitted at the upper` part ofthe iuesor ata certain height in in the lines. 40 Whatever the arr ment emplo ed, theadmission at least o the air at 'ferent heights in the lues in controlled quantities has never been done in a satisfactory mannerand for this reason most builders of coke ovens with horizontal combustion chambers and vertical heating liues prefer the arrangement consisting in admitting all the gas and air at the base of the heati flues striving Aby a rational distribution o the two fluids to ensure a uniform distribution of the heat flues which for the same reason are of great len h.

It is difficult in this new type o'f oven to obtain a regular heat throughout the whole length of the iues by a single admission of gas and airI at their lower end and it becomes necessary to divide up the combustion stage that is to Say, the admission of air "or gas at dilierent heights in the lues.

The object of the resent invention, in a coke ovenof great height in which thenecessary air for combustion is admitted into the vertical heating luesat two stages, is to provide means for controlling the quantity of air admitted at these sta es.

This result is obtaine according to the present invention owing to the fact that the entry of the primary a1r as well as the secondary is made through separate distribution conduits communicating with the fines in the heating walls by two hearth fines extending the whole lengthofthe oven and each connected to regenerators situated at one side of a central line through the battery by a passage controlled by a damper easily accessible, whilst the burnt gases exhausted at dilerent heights in the fines of the heating walls escape together through two lues in the hearth through regenerators at the other side 'of the battery. Under these conditions the primary and secondary air on leaving the regenerators forms two de ndent circuits and the oven hearth has our parallel liues for each heatin wall Separated throughout their length, eac .pro-A vided with a damper to control the admission of air, and two of which are in com-'- munication with the regenerators which are in the process of being cooled and two in communication with the regenerators being heated; v n

In carrying out the invention one of these lues in this hearth provides primary air at the base of the flues in the heating wall lwhere it .mixes in predetermined quantity,

with the total uantity.i of combustible gasv enteringA throug the gas inlet, whilst the v other "supplies secondary air, also in revdetermined quantity, to' conduits forme in the walls separating the ilues of the heating walls,'. and having an outlet Ymidway up these iiues,` the vburnt gases being "partly 'exhausted'through conduits formed 1n the walls separating the flu'es in the heatingA o walls', into a third ilue in the hearthv and 'i Partly at, thebase of vthe flues in the heat- :in 'walls into -a .fourth flue in the" hearth. e accompanyinfg drawings vshowas an orm o the invention in which:

Fig. 1 .is a 'vertieal section through f the heating`walls,fthe primary airfiuesin the 'hearth, the vgro'1"1p off; regenerators yandv the :collecting galleries. i-

' 'Figi 2 isa vertical section .througlr the meeting wausion une: 2 2 -of Fig.,v 7, the

asrdistribution lines, the secondaryair iiues,

v 1 inthe' hearth, theV oupv of regenerators andi the collecting fga eries.

Fig.'3 is a vert'cal.y

gig; Fig. 5 through the carbonizing chamber and *the lues inthe hearth-',or the burntl gases 'communicating with the base of* the; ilues f inthe heating walls. f

i' j Fig. 4 is afvertical 'section online of -3o Fig. 8 through the vheatingfwalls and shows meansvof escape forA part of 'the burntgases midway between the flues in the beati walls and the. flues inthe hearth ywhic i before the reversing 'of the direction'oi flqw vof the gases were traversedby these'condary bustible as `and primary airthrough the flues-in t e heating walls.-

Fig. 6-isa similar view'to Fig. 5 on' line 5o Affe-A of Figure 2 looking in the-direction of `"the arrows VIv and shows theassage of thesecondary air to the lines lin t e heating wa s 7kl and'8 are similar lviews tolFg-S 5 and 6 taken-'onine linefB-z-Bioaldng in- :the directionv ofthe arrows VII'and.' `VIII c respectively and-show' th eK outlets-of the burnt gases'from the lues'inthehearth to the Aheat,regenerators. ff 00.5 ".fFig. 9 is afsectiona'l lanonzlinef-B of Figs. 3,5 and A8"throu'g `the group?.orfflues inthe hema showingjthe circulmpnfof the ntf-rigs. 4., e and mhmaghaie the' flues 9 in the heating w heating and short dots chambers and the flues in the heatin wallsv i showing the communication between t e ues in the heating walls, the lues in the hearth and the gas lues.

The oven shown consists of a series o fhorizontal, parallel carbonization chambers 22,separated by heating walls 23 in which are uptake heating iiu'es 9 alternating with downtakeiiues 13 for'the outlet ofzthe burnt gases. The chambers 22 and the heating walls 23 are separated as usual by a heart 24 from two groups of " regenerators 2 and 19 arranged at each side of a longitudinal linethrough the battery andcommunicating thro h iues 3 and 20 rwith-the collecting galleries 1 and 21.4

According to the tion in pairsl through the ducts 6 and 18 (provided."withdampers v7 andl 8 with regenerators2 and19.r Above the' ues 5 and 415 are arranged two gas inletsll from which the gas passes alternately to the bottom of bottom of the lues 13.

vau

invention, the hearth24 of each chamber is vprovided with four parallel ilues 4,5, 15 and 16 in communica- The rimary an is admitted to 'the base of the eating walls through ducts 10 communicating with the flues 4 and the secondary air is admitted midway up the. ilues 9 through ducts `l2-comm`unicating with the flues 5 formed in the walls separating the walls. "In t e .drawing the entry of the dprimary air is shown by the arrows marke with a dot and the entry of secondary air by arrows -marked with two dots. Theentry of the v gas is shown by plain arrows-formed of long and the burnt gases by dot-l ted arrow s.

This oven operates manner:

vAir circulating in the 1 penetrates into the regenerators 2 being cooled through the lines 3; from the regenerato'r the air passes along the primary air lines 4 and through the duct 6 into the secondj 'in the following collecting galleries i ary air liues 5. The total quantity of primary and secondary air necessary for each heating wall yin order that thev oven walls may all be at a uniform heat is controlled exactly by means of dampers 7 and 8 easily accessible from the inspection galleries.- The primary air flues 4 in the hearth communicate with the bottom ofz'the upright ilues 9 in the heating walls through llues 10 where. a

part of.; e gas into the flues 9 from is admitted, mi way uri-"the fines 9 through conduits 12 formed in the walls, separating,

the ilues in the heating walls.` The combustion of the heating gasbeing the downtake lines -13 in the heating walls,

completed inA a part of the burnt gases passes in `conduits 14 similar to the conduits 12 communicating with the hearth flues 15. The rest of the burnt gases is exhausted through the hearth 16 which is in communication with the bottom of the flues 13 of the heating walls through conduits 17 the flues in the hearths 15 and 16 are in communication with the regenerators through the Hues 20 -pass through the collecting gallery 21 on their way to the chimney.

After reversal in the direction of flow of the gases the flues 15 and-16 are respectively traversed bythe secondary air and the primary air whilst the flues .tand 5, the regenerators 2 and the collecting galleries 1 are traversed by the burnt gases. It will be seen that owing to the flues 4, 5, 15 and 16 being independent and the admission of air into these iiues controlled by dampers 7 and 8, the quantity of primary and secondary air admitted to the heating flues in the heatingwalls can be controlled in spite of the admission to the flues occurring at different places.

1. Ina coke oven, a series of alternate' carbonization chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, each of said heating walls containing a row of vertical combustion flues communicably connected togetherin pairs of contiguous flues at the tops thereof, the alternate combustion iiues in each of said heating walls constituting alternate 4flues andthe other combustion flues constituting intermediate fiues, a pair of horizontal primary bus flues extending beneath each of said carbonization chambers and parallel to said heating walls, the alternate pairs of horizontal primary bus liues communicating with said alternate flues at the bottoms thereof and the intermediate pairs of horizontal primary bus'flues communicating with said intermediate flues at the bottoms thereof, a pair of horizontal secondary bus flues extending beneath each of said heating walls and.

parallel thereto, one of the members of each of the pairs of secondary busflues communicating with said alternate flues approximately midway the tops and bottoms thereof, the other member of each of the'lpairs of secondary bus iiues communicating with said intermediate flues approximately midway the tops and bottoms thereof, fuel-gas ducts beneath said series communicating with said alternate flues at the bottoms thereof,4 and other fuel-gas ducts beneath saidseries communicating with said inter mediate iiues at the bottoms thereof.

2. In a cokel oven, a series of alternate carbonization chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, each of said heating walls containing a row of vertical combustion flues communicably extending beneath each of said 'carboniza-r tion chambers and parallel to said heating walls, the alternate pairs of horizontal primary bus flues communicating with said r alternate flues at the bottoms thereof and the intermediate pairs of horizontal primary bus flues communicating with said intermediate flues at the bottoms thereof, a pair of horizontal secondary bus flues extending beneath each of said heating walls and parallel thereto, one ofthe members of each of the pairs of secondary bus iiues communicating with said alternate flues approximately midway the tops and bottoms thereof, the other member of each of the pairs of secondary bus iiues communicating with said intermediate iiues approximately midway the tops and bottoms thereof, fuel-gas ducts beneath said series communicating' with. said alternate flues at the bottomsv thereof, other fuel-gas ducts beneath said series communicating with said intermediate flues at the bottoms thereof, two parallel rowsl of regenerators beneath said series, each of said rows of regenerators extending longitudinally of said series, each of said regenerators communicating with one of said primary bus flues and also communicating Vwith the secondary bus flue 'which communicates with the same combustion flues with which said one of said primary bue iues communicates. In testimony whereof Iv have signed my name to this specification.

EUGENE Lnooco.

Images