US4553930A - Method and apparatus for the heat treatment of materials - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the heat treatment of materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US4553930A
US4553930A US06/513,142 US51314283A US4553930A US 4553930 A US4553930 A US 4553930A US 51314283 A US51314283 A US 51314283A US 4553930 A US4553930 A US 4553930A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
gas
hot
heat
product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US06/513,142
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert W. Cox
Derek A. Jones
David L. Walker
David Hands
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
British Gas Corp
Rubber and Plastics Research Association of Great Britain
Original Assignee
British Gas Corp
Rubber and Plastics Research Association of Great Britain
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British Gas Corp, Rubber and Plastics Research Association of Great Britain filed Critical British Gas Corp
Assigned to RUBBER AND PLASTICS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION OF GREAT BRITAIN, SHAWBURY, SHREWBURY, SHREWSBURY, SALOP, SY4 4NR, ENGLAND, BRITISH GAS CORPORATION, RIVERMILL HOUSE, 152 GROSVENOR ROAD, LONDON, SW1V 3JL, ENGLAND, reassignment RUBBER AND PLASTICS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION OF GREAT BRITAIN, SHAWBURY, SHREWBURY, SHREWSBURY, SALOP, SY4 4NR, ENGLAND ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: COX, ROBERT W., HANDS, DAVID, JONES, DEREK A., WALKER, DAVID L.
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Publication of US4553930A publication Critical patent/US4553930A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/02—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/02—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means
    • B29C33/04—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means using liquids, gas or steam
    • B29C33/046—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means using liquids, gas or steam using gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/30—Mounting, exchanging or centering
    • B29C33/301—Modular mould systems [MMS], i.e. moulds built up by stacking mould elements, e.g. plates, blocks, rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/0601—Vulcanising tyres; Vulcanising presses for tyres
    • B29D30/0606—Vulcanising moulds not integral with vulcanising presses

Definitions

  • This invention relates to treatment processes on materials wherein heat must be applied to the material, for instance in the curing of rubber-like materials and thermoforming of plastics materials, and is particularly concerned with the heating of moulds for this purpose.
  • the manufacture of natural or synthetic rubber goods is achieved by a variety of known process routes according to the nature of the end product, which may be new tyres, hose and belting, footwear or general rubber goods.
  • New tyres or hose for example, require of necessity, special bracings or reinforcements disposed within a high integrity rubber compound.
  • the sole or heel of a shoe can be permitted to have inferior mechanical properties because service failure does not have such severe consequences.
  • the manufacturing process invariably includes a curing or vulcanising stage consisting of the application of heat.
  • the residence time in a mould for a given product is dependent on the rate of heat penetration into the rubber and hence its thermal diffusivity and its thickness.
  • the low thermal diffusivity of natural or synthetic rubber typically 0.1 mm 2 /sec., results in mould residence times in the majority of production processes of the order of 10-100 minutes depending on the rubber dimensions and degree of vulcanisation desired, but times as low as 60 seconds for a cycle tube or as high as 24 hours for an earthmover tyre may be encountered.
  • a further very common type of mould is of the fixed or non-segmental type which is, however, constructed by permanently securing together a number of separate segments.
  • An example of this is the type of shell mould used to cure all sizes of bias tyres and passenger car radial tyres.
  • the present invention resides in an apparatus for the heat treatment of a product, the apparatus including a metallic heat transfer assembly for transmitting heat either directly to the product or to a mould containing the product, the latter assembly comprising a plurality of separate parts joined together either permanently or in an operationally separable manner, each said part including a gas distribution passageway, the latter passageways together defining a closed loop path for receiving and circulating around the heat transfer assembly hot permanent gas from a hot gas source, and one or more heat transfer passageways formed in the heat transfer assembly or between the heat transfer assembly and the mould, and communicating with said closed loop path so as to receive hot gas therefrom and lead same to an exhaust outlet.
  • the gas distribution passageways can comprise respective bores in the segments which line up to form said closed loop gas path.
  • the heat transfer passageways can comprise further bores or channels in the segments leading from the gas distribution bores to atmosphere.
  • the gas distribution passageways can comprise metal tubes contained coaxially within respective bores in the heat transfer assembly segments and spaced uniformly therefrom by means of spacers. In this event, the latter tubes contain holes by which the hot gas escapes to the space around the tubes and from there to the atmosphere via bores in the segments.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional plan view of one embodiment of a mould assembly in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2b is a partial plan view, corresponding to the view of FIG. 2a, to illustrate two different possible configurations for the spacers of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 2c is a sectional plan view on the line KK in FIG. 2a;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial diagrammatic sectional side view on the line EE of FIG. 3 of the embodiment of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic partial sectional plan view on the line BB of FIG. 6, of a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial sectional side view on the line FF of FIG. 5 or the embodiment of FIG. 5;
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show two possible forms of injection joints for interconnecting the pipe sections.
  • the mould of FIG. 1 comprises an assembly of metallic segments 10 which together form an annular heat transfer member whose inner surface 11 serves, in use, to form the outer periphery of a vehicle tyre (not shown).
  • Each segment 10 contains a through-bore 12 positioned so that when the segments are assembled the bores 12 become aligned longitudinally, as shown in FIG. 1, to define a closed circular passage 14.
  • One segment 10a in FIG. 1 is in fact shown in a withdrawn position for the purposes of illustrating the collapsibility of the mould.
  • Another segment 10b includes a tangential inlet pipe 18 by which hot permanent gas can be supplied to the passage 14 via a nozzle (not shown) from a hot gas source (not shown), such as a burner of the type shown in our aforementioned earlier U.K. Patent Application No. 8213213.
  • a hot gas source not shown
  • Extending from the passage 14 are a plurality of pairs of oppositely directed exhaust passages 19, (only one of each pair of passages is shown in FIG. 1 but the arrangement is similar to the exhaust passages 28 described below in connection with FIG. 2).
  • the segments 10 can be clamped in position, for example between parallel top and bottom platens (not shown), or can be pivoted to a common base or frame 21 in the conventional manner used in "petal" moulds.
  • the means for pivotally mounting the segments on the base 21 is not shown as it is well known in the art.
  • FIG. 2 is similar to that of FIG. 1 except that the heat transfer passageway is formed, not by the bores in the segments themselves, but rather by pipe sections 20 which are disposed within bore sections 22 in segments 24 so as to be uniformly spaced from the walls of the bore sections 22.
  • This can be achieved, for example, by way of suitable spacers 23 (not shown in FIG. 2--but see FIGS. 2b and 2c).
  • the spacers 23 can, for example, be in the form of support rings 23a of heat insulating material or, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 2b, be in the form of steel rings 23b with point or line contact with the surrounding bores 22.
  • the pipe sections 20 each contain one or more bores 26 by which the hot gas leaves the circular pipe formed by the pipe sections 20, and enters the annular space 27 therearound before being exhausted to atmosphere via further pairs of oppositely directed bores 28.
  • the assembly shown in FIG. 2 comprises a plurality of the segments 24 which are arranged to be aligned and held in position during a moulding operation by means of a frusto conical surface 30 on a clamping member 32 which can be forced over the mould. Removal of the clamping member 32 allows the segments 24 to be withdrawn to permit removal of the finished product 34.
  • the external configuration of the mould is unimportant and in this instance is shown merely as a block 36. In practice such a mould would be capable of being opened into a number of pieces to allow removal of the product.
  • the mould 36 would be heated by placing it in a heated press or by placing the closed mould in an oven.
  • the present invention can be applied to this arrangement by mounting on four sides of the mould 36 separate hot air-carrying pipe sections 38 which are joined at the four corners of the mould to define a closed loop as before.
  • Each pipe section 38 is rigidly fixed, for example by silver soldering, to a metal plate 40 which is itself mounted to a respective side of the mould 36 so as to be uniformly spaced therefrom by means of spacers 42.
  • spacers 42 spacers 42
  • a uniform space 44 is defined between the plate 40 and the adjacent surface 46 of the mould 36.
  • the latter space 44 is in communication with the interior of the pipe section 38 by way of a plurality of holes 48.
  • Each pipe section 38 can be surrounded by a mass of insulating material 50 contained within a protective metal cover 52.
  • coupling sections 54 which, for example, may be connected to one pipe section 38 and form a butt or insertion joint with the other pipe section 38 when the pipe sections are assembled on the mould.
  • one of the coupling sections 54a has a tangential inlet portion 39 (see right-hand side of FIG. 3) corresponding to the inlet member 18 of FIG. 1.
  • the plates 62 need not necessarily be directly connected to the pipe sections 56 but can be physically separate therefrom.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 Two possibilities are illustrated diagrammatically in FIGS. 7 and 8 wherein mating insertion joints are formed at the connection between two pipe sections which are to be joined. In each case, the gas flow direction is illustrated by an arrow.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
US06/513,142 1982-07-17 1983-07-12 Method and apparatus for the heat treatment of materials Expired - Fee Related US4553930A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8220782 1982-07-17
GB8220782 1982-07-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4553930A true US4553930A (en) 1985-11-19

Family

ID=10531748

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/513,142 Expired - Fee Related US4553930A (en) 1982-07-17 1983-07-12 Method and apparatus for the heat treatment of materials

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US4553930A (fi)
EP (1) EP0099735B1 (fi)
JP (1) JPS5954508A (fi)
KR (1) KR840005384A (fi)
AU (1) AU1688383A (fi)
BR (1) BR8303805A (fi)
CS (1) CS248707B2 (fi)
DE (1) DE3375108D1 (fi)
ES (1) ES524145A0 (fi)
FI (1) FI832569A (fi)
IN (1) IN160405B (fi)
PL (1) PL140795B3 (fi)
ZA (1) ZA835083B (fi)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6474968B1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2002-11-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) Vulcanizer
US20070148270A1 (en) * 2004-09-10 2007-06-28 Korea Institute Of Industrial Technology Tire curing mould formed with internal holes
US7540730B1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-02 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Tire mold
US20090162461A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-25 Yacine Ouyahia Tire mold
CN115257033A (zh) * 2022-09-28 2022-11-01 山东豪迈机械科技股份有限公司 一种分区控温加热板及硫化机

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0272835U (fi) * 1988-11-22 1990-06-04
JP3507178B2 (ja) * 1995-03-03 2004-03-15 大日本印刷株式会社 プラスチックシートの製造方法
DE29800426U1 (de) * 1998-01-14 1998-06-10 Walter Watermann Kühl- und Heizkern
JP5345461B2 (ja) * 2009-07-15 2013-11-20 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 タイヤ加硫装置及びタイヤの製造方法
GB2565521B (en) * 2017-05-22 2021-08-25 Mclaren Automotive Ltd Tool heating elements

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US943055A (en) * 1909-08-05 1909-12-14 Williams Foundry And Machine Company Vulcanizing-mold.
US945968A (en) * 1909-07-14 1910-01-11 Julius A Mahr Drive-wheel-tire-heating device.
US1053913A (en) * 1912-05-10 1913-02-18 Arthur E Hauck Heater for removing tires.
US1082367A (en) * 1913-12-23 Arthur E Sta El ?
US4088439A (en) * 1976-09-14 1978-05-09 Cooperheat Tangentially gas fired muffle
US4460533A (en) * 1981-04-09 1984-07-17 British Gas Corporation Apparatus and method for the heat treatment of materials

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2046372A (en) * 1935-06-12 1936-07-07 Shaler Company Heat exchanging mold
US3429005A (en) * 1963-04-11 1969-02-25 Donald M Macmillan Sectional tire mold
DE1919884A1 (de) * 1969-04-18 1971-03-25 Karl Zaengl Reifenvulkanisierform
US3833323A (en) * 1973-02-26 1974-09-03 Uniroyal Ag Segmental mold

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1082367A (en) * 1913-12-23 Arthur E Sta El ?
US945968A (en) * 1909-07-14 1910-01-11 Julius A Mahr Drive-wheel-tire-heating device.
US943055A (en) * 1909-08-05 1909-12-14 Williams Foundry And Machine Company Vulcanizing-mold.
US1053913A (en) * 1912-05-10 1913-02-18 Arthur E Hauck Heater for removing tires.
US4088439A (en) * 1976-09-14 1978-05-09 Cooperheat Tangentially gas fired muffle
US4460533A (en) * 1981-04-09 1984-07-17 British Gas Corporation Apparatus and method for the heat treatment of materials

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6474968B1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2002-11-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) Vulcanizer
US20070148270A1 (en) * 2004-09-10 2007-06-28 Korea Institute Of Industrial Technology Tire curing mould formed with internal holes
US7540730B1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-02 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Tire mold
US20090162463A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-25 Yacine Ouyahia Tire mold
US20090162461A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-25 Yacine Ouyahia Tire mold
US7572120B2 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-08-11 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Tire mold
CN115257033A (zh) * 2022-09-28 2022-11-01 山东豪迈机械科技股份有限公司 一种分区控温加热板及硫化机
CN115257033B (zh) * 2022-09-28 2023-02-17 山东豪迈机械科技股份有限公司 一种分区控温加热板及硫化机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8405684A1 (es) 1984-06-16
FI832569A0 (fi) 1983-07-14
EP0099735A2 (en) 1984-02-01
JPS6340647B2 (fi) 1988-08-12
CS248707B2 (en) 1987-02-12
ZA835083B (en) 1984-03-28
AU1688383A (en) 1984-01-19
PL140795B3 (en) 1987-05-30
IN160405B (fi) 1987-07-11
KR840005384A (ko) 1984-11-12
JPS5954508A (ja) 1984-03-29
PL243081A1 (en) 1984-07-16
BR8303805A (pt) 1984-02-21
DE3375108D1 (en) 1988-02-11
EP0099735A3 (en) 1985-09-18
ES524145A0 (es) 1984-06-16
FI832569A (fi) 1984-01-18
EP0099735B1 (en) 1988-01-07

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: RUBBER AND PLASTICS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION OF GREAT

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:HANDS, DAVID;COX, ROBERT W.;JONES, DEREK A.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:004261/0323

Effective date: 19830706

Owner name: BRITISH GAS CORPORATION, RIVERMILL HOUSE, 152 GROS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:HANDS, DAVID;COX, ROBERT W.;JONES, DEREK A.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:004261/0323

Effective date: 19830706

REMI Maintenance fee reminder mailed
LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362

FP Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee

Effective date: 19891119