US4354182A - Monitoring equipment for the electrical supply system in a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Monitoring equipment for the electrical supply system in a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
US4354182A
US4354182A US06/158,227 US15822780A US4354182A US 4354182 A US4354182 A US 4354182A US 15822780 A US15822780 A US 15822780A US 4354182 A US4354182 A US 4354182A
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Prior art keywords
voltage
regulator
electrical system
terminal
set forth
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Expired - Lifetime
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US06/158,227
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English (en)
Inventor
Wunibald Frey
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/006—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks

Definitions

  • a control lamp is provided which is connected between the B+ bus of the electrical supply system to which the positive terminal of the battery is also connected and the regulator input which is connected to the common connection of the exciter diodes.
  • the control lamp will be lit if the ignition switch is closed when the automobile is stationary and there is therefore no generator output, since in that case the positive side of the battery is connected to one side of the lamp while the negative side of the battery is connected through the field winding and the regulator to the D- terminal.
  • a thermal voltmeter is connected between the B+/D- terminals.
  • an ammeter is connected between the positive side of the battery and the positive bus of the vehicle, although bypassing the starter terminal, so that lack of proper operation of the generator or regulator is indicator by a constant discharge current.
  • the regulator input to which the exciter diodes are connected has the designation D+;
  • the regulator output connected to the field or exciter winding of the generator is denoted by DF;
  • the positive and negative terminals of the supply system are designated by B+ and B-, respectively, the regulator terminal D- corresponding to the B- terminal of the supply.
  • the circuit is further to have a short response time, a robust, small construction, a long life and is to require only a low operating voltage and current.
  • the circuit for monitoring for short circuit or open circuit in the main transistor of the regulator should also be usable for monitoring for open and short circuits in the diodes of the generator.
  • the indication should preferably be furnished by light-emitting diodes (LED), possibly in different colors or, alternatively, an incandescent lamp.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention utilizing a single light-emitting diode
  • FIG. 2 is a second embodiment of the present invention utilizing two light-emitting diodes
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention for furnishing an indication of overvoltage at the D+ terminal.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for sensing overvoltages at the B+ terminal.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to provide a voltage divider and an associated constant voltage furnishing element, as for example a Zener diode, for connection with an indicator such as a light-emitting diode so that the light-emitting diode serves as an indicator for malfunction.
  • the circuit according to the present invention includes a first branch which forms the voltage divider and a second branch.
  • Branches 1 and 2 are connected in parallel, the common point of the branches being connected either directly, or through a diode 3, to one side of an ignition switch ZS, the other side of which is connected to the B+ terminal.
  • Diode 3 prevents damage from voltages applied with a wrong polarity and prevents current flow in the reverse direction.
  • the other terminal of branches 1 and 2 is connected to B-.
  • the first branch includes three resistors connected in series, namely resistors 4, 5, and 6.
  • the common point 7 of resistors 4 and 5 is connected to D+, i.e. the regulator input.
  • the field winding if designated by 7a and the main regulator transistor by 7b.
  • the second branch includes a light emitting diode 8, a resistor 9 connected in series with the light-emitting diode and a constant voltage source, namely a Zener diode 10. Further diodes 11, 11', etc. may be connected in series with the Zener diode in order to generate a desired temperature characteristic, that is for matching the temperature characteristic of the regulator.
  • a resistor 12 is connected between the common point 13 of resistor 9 and Zener diode 10 and the common point of resistors 6 and 5. Changes in voltage applied to the first branch, i.e. changes in voltage at the supply bus are therefore also transferred to the second branch.
  • the first is a malfunction which results in a substantial rise of the voltage at terminal D+. This can be caused either by a short circuit of the main transistor in the transistor regulator, since this causes a current exceeding the full exciter current to be applied to the field winding. The excessive current through the field winding then causes an excessive rise in the voltage induced in the stator windings. The rise in voltage at terminal D+ causes the voltage drop across resistor 5 to become sufficiently large to cause LED 8 to light. This lighting due to excess generator output voltage is particularly desirable, since this type of malfunction would normally not come to the attention of the driver since all loads are being adequately supplied and the battery, at least at first, seems particularly well charged.
  • the second type of malfunction may be caused by an open circuit in the main transistor or by open circuits in the diodes associated with the generator. This causes the voltage at terminal D+ to decrease, possibly to zero. This corresponds to the condition at the time the ignition switch is first closed prior to the start of the engine. The cathode of diode 3 is still connected to the positive side of the battery through the starter switch and therefore the voltage drop across resistors 4 and 5 will be sufficient to cause LED 8 to light. Zener diode 10 causes a fixed reference potential to be applied to one side of LED 8 so that voltage variations in the circuit will be applied to its other terminal only, causing it to remain sensitive to such voltage variations throughout.
  • the same results can be achieved with the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the difference being that in the latter embodiments two indicator units are used, which are operated selectively.
  • the indicator units are again light emitting diodes.
  • the circuit of FIG. 2 is constructed as follows: a voltage divider 2 is, as in FIG. 1, connected in parallel with a voltage divider 1.
  • resistor 4 is not only part of the voltage divider, but is also a part of the exciter circuit.
  • Voltage divider 1 again consists of resistors 4, 5 and 6.
  • the second voltage divider consisting of an LED 8a, a resistor 9, and a second LED 8b, a Zener diode 10 being connected to the cathode of LED 8b. Lighting of LED 8a is to indicate excessively low voltages, while lighting of LED 8b is to indicate overvoltage conditions.
  • a resistor 14 is connected between terminal D+ (7') and the common point of resistor 9 and LED 8b. Resistor 14 limits the current through LED 8a and 8b if the generator is overexcited.
  • a diode 15 has an anode connected to the common point of resistors 5 and 6 and a cathode connected to the cathode of Zener diode 10. It decouples LED 8b from resistor 6.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 which will be discussed in greater detail below, are simplified versions of the circuit of FIG. 2.
  • a voltage divider 1' consisting of resistors 4' and 5' is connected between ignition switch Z s and chassis potential.
  • a series circuit consisting of a resistor 9' and LED 8'a.
  • the common point of resistor 4' and resistor 5' is connected to terminal D+.
  • a resistor 16 connected in series with LED 8b' and Zener diode 10 is connected in parallel with resistor 5'.
  • a resistor 9" and an LED 8a" are again connected in parallel with resistor 4".
  • a circuit including a resistor 16', an LED 8b" and a Zener diode 10' are connected in parallel with the series combination of resistors 4" and 5".
  • a break in the exciter circuit also causes interruption of voltage at terminal D+ of the generator.
  • Diode 8a which does not light when the potential at terminal B+ is the same as that at terminal D+, will light when the voltage decreases at terminal D+ because of the resulting voltage drop across resistor 4.
  • the relationship of the values of resistors 4, 5 and 6 is such the Zener diode 10 is nonconductive, so that LED 8b does not light.
  • the circuit of FIG. 4 differs from that in FIG. 3 in that the series circuit including LED 8b", whose lighting is to indicate a generator overvoltage, is directly connected to terminal B+ when switch Z S is closed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)
US06/158,227 1979-07-02 1980-06-10 Monitoring equipment for the electrical supply system in a motor vehicle Expired - Lifetime US4354182A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2926705 1979-07-02
DE19792926705 DE2926705A1 (de) 1979-07-02 1979-07-02 Schaltung zur erfassung von defekten in stromversorgungsanlagen von kraftfahrzeugen

Publications (1)

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US4354182A true US4354182A (en) 1982-10-12

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US06/158,227 Expired - Lifetime US4354182A (en) 1979-07-02 1980-06-10 Monitoring equipment for the electrical supply system in a motor vehicle

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US (1) US4354182A (de)
DE (1) DE2926705A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2460486A1 (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4654645A (en) * 1984-09-22 1987-03-31 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Electric element breakdown detector
US4672297A (en) * 1984-05-09 1987-06-09 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha AC generator control status detecting device with short-circuit protection means
US5019810A (en) * 1987-12-28 1991-05-28 Aisin Aw Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for detecting malfunction of interface circuit in communication line between controllers in a vehicle control system
US5146160A (en) * 1990-09-04 1992-09-08 Pinkston Rodney G Auxiliary power unit test kit
US5587661A (en) * 1993-12-14 1996-12-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for indicating errors in a control line of an electric control units
US5801516A (en) * 1993-10-01 1998-09-01 Lucas Aerospace Power Equipment Corp. Drive overload protection circuit
US5903130A (en) * 1996-11-01 1999-05-11 Lucas Aerospace Power Equipment Corporation Fail-safe regulator biasing circuit
US6169491B1 (en) * 1999-09-30 2001-01-02 Hubbell Incorporated Multiport power monitor
US6191562B1 (en) * 1998-08-05 2001-02-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Circuit configuration for degradation of the stored magnetic energy of a field winding of a generator
US6194879B1 (en) * 1998-02-09 2001-02-27 Diego Carraro Device for the voltage adjustment in a slow-running alternator
US6429627B1 (en) * 1998-06-20 2002-08-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Voltage regulator for a generator drivable by an internal combustion engine
US20110298430A1 (en) * 2009-02-19 2011-12-08 Universidad Politecnica De Madrid Rapid de-excitation system for synchronous machines with indirect excitation
CN104101836A (zh) * 2014-07-28 2014-10-15 无锡市闽仙汽车电器有限公司 汽车交流发电机、汽车交流发电机故障检测电路及方法
CN110768470A (zh) * 2019-11-15 2020-02-07 浙江安美德汽车配件有限公司 基于自诊断功能的汽车交流发电机

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3246672A1 (de) * 1982-12-16 1984-06-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München Bordnetz-schutzeinrichtung fuer kraftfahrzeuge
JPS6077656A (ja) * 1983-10-03 1985-05-02 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 車輌用直流発電機の故障表示方法
DE10243983B4 (de) * 2002-09-20 2014-01-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Früherkennung eines Generatordefekts

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3944905A (en) * 1973-12-08 1976-03-16 The Lucas Electrical Company Limited Battery charging systems for road vehicles
US4019120A (en) * 1976-04-02 1977-04-19 General Motors Corporation Fault indicator for motor vehicle battery charging systems
US4240023A (en) * 1978-02-20 1980-12-16 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Device for indicating the rate of charge in an AC generator

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1175209A (en) * 1966-04-25 1969-12-23 Lucas Industries Ltd Battery Charging Systems for use in Road Vehicles.
GB1217149A (en) * 1967-07-14 1970-12-31 Lucas Industries Ltd Battery charging systems for use in road vehicles
FR2263131B3 (de) * 1974-03-06 1976-07-09 Ducellier & Cie
FR2269228B3 (de) * 1974-04-24 1976-07-09 Ducellier & Cie

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3944905A (en) * 1973-12-08 1976-03-16 The Lucas Electrical Company Limited Battery charging systems for road vehicles
US4019120A (en) * 1976-04-02 1977-04-19 General Motors Corporation Fault indicator for motor vehicle battery charging systems
US4240023A (en) * 1978-02-20 1980-12-16 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Device for indicating the rate of charge in an AC generator

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4672297A (en) * 1984-05-09 1987-06-09 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha AC generator control status detecting device with short-circuit protection means
US4654645A (en) * 1984-09-22 1987-03-31 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Electric element breakdown detector
US5019810A (en) * 1987-12-28 1991-05-28 Aisin Aw Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for detecting malfunction of interface circuit in communication line between controllers in a vehicle control system
US5146160A (en) * 1990-09-04 1992-09-08 Pinkston Rodney G Auxiliary power unit test kit
US6107775A (en) * 1993-10-01 2000-08-22 Rice; Kevin E. Method and apparatus for limiting starting torque in a starter/generator
US5801516A (en) * 1993-10-01 1998-09-01 Lucas Aerospace Power Equipment Corp. Drive overload protection circuit
US5587661A (en) * 1993-12-14 1996-12-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for indicating errors in a control line of an electric control units
US5903130A (en) * 1996-11-01 1999-05-11 Lucas Aerospace Power Equipment Corporation Fail-safe regulator biasing circuit
US6194879B1 (en) * 1998-02-09 2001-02-27 Diego Carraro Device for the voltage adjustment in a slow-running alternator
US6429627B1 (en) * 1998-06-20 2002-08-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Voltage regulator for a generator drivable by an internal combustion engine
US6191562B1 (en) * 1998-08-05 2001-02-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Circuit configuration for degradation of the stored magnetic energy of a field winding of a generator
US6169491B1 (en) * 1999-09-30 2001-01-02 Hubbell Incorporated Multiport power monitor
US20110298430A1 (en) * 2009-02-19 2011-12-08 Universidad Politecnica De Madrid Rapid de-excitation system for synchronous machines with indirect excitation
CN104101836A (zh) * 2014-07-28 2014-10-15 无锡市闽仙汽车电器有限公司 汽车交流发电机、汽车交流发电机故障检测电路及方法
CN110768470A (zh) * 2019-11-15 2020-02-07 浙江安美德汽车配件有限公司 基于自诊断功能的汽车交流发电机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2460486B3 (de) 1982-05-14
FR2460486A1 (fr) 1981-01-23
DE2926705A1 (de) 1981-01-22

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