US3881340A - Drawing machine - Google Patents

Drawing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3881340A
US3881340A US308748A US30874872A US3881340A US 3881340 A US3881340 A US 3881340A US 308748 A US308748 A US 308748A US 30874872 A US30874872 A US 30874872A US 3881340 A US3881340 A US 3881340A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tubing
block
groove
die
tension
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US308748A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Thomas Vernon Hay
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marshall Richards Barcro Ltd
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Marshall Richards Barcro Ltd
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Filing date
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C47/00—Winding-up, coiling or winding-off metal wire, metal band or other flexible metal material characterised by features relevant to metal processing only
    • B21C47/02—Winding-up or coiling
    • B21C47/10—Winding-up or coiling by means of a moving guide
    • B21C47/14—Winding-up or coiling by means of a moving guide by means of a rotating guide, e.g. laying the material around a stationary reel or drum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
    • B21C1/14—Drums, e.g. capstans; Connection of grippers thereto; Grippers specially adapted for drawing machines or apparatus of the drum type; Couplings specially adapted for these drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H51/00—Forwarding filamentary material
    • B65H51/02—Rotary devices, e.g. with helical forwarding surfaces
    • B65H51/04—Rollers, pulleys, capstans, or intermeshing rotary elements
    • B65H51/08—Rollers, pulleys, capstans, or intermeshing rotary elements arranged to operate in groups or in co-operation with other elements

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An improved method and apparatus for reducing the diameter and/or the wall thickness of metal tubing by generating sufficient tension in a length of tubing downstream of a reducing die to draw the tubing through the die is characterised in that the drafting tension is created by frictionally engaging the tubing in an endless groove defined by two converging surfaces and moving the surfaces and die apart at the desired drawing speed.
  • SHEET 2 BF 2 DRAWING MACHINE This invention relates to a method of drawing tubing and to an improved tube drawing machine.
  • This invention seeks to provide such a method and such a machine.
  • a method of reducing the diameter and/or the wall thickness of metal tubing by generating sufficient tension in a length of tubing downstream of a reducing die to draw the tubing through the die is characterised in that the tension is created by urging the tubing into an endless groove defined by two converging surfaces with sufficient force to prevent relative slip between the tubing and the surfaces when the surfaces are moved away from the die or the die is moved away from the surfaces at the desired drawing speed.
  • converging surfaces two frustoconical surfaces or a plane surface and one frustoconical surface
  • defining an included angle of between 12 and 25 are employed and suitably these surfaces define a V-groove in the peripheral surface of a short cylindrical block.
  • a tube drawing machine comprises a support for tubing to be drawn, a holder for a drawing die, means for collecting tubing drawn through a die in the holder,
  • a drawing block rotatable about an axis, the block having an endless peripheral groove formed therein defined by two surfaces converging, in the direction towards the rotational axis of the block, to a meeting plane which is normal to said axis, means to rotate the drawing block and means to hold tubing passing through the die in the groove in frictional engagement with said surfaces.
  • the support for tubing to be drawn would normally be a basket (or swift) and could be of any conventional design. If the drawing of large coils is contemplated, it would normally be desirable to provide means for rotating the coil in the basket or for rotating the basket with its supported coil.
  • power driven rollers can be provided to define an annular recess in which the coil can be supported, the rollers being powered to rotate the coil within the basket and minimise strain on the tubing prior to its passing through the die.
  • the means for collecting the tubing drawn through the die comprises a pan or basket designed to be rotated with the block.
  • the pan or basket is driven from the same means employed for rotating the block but with the interposition of a variable speed drive so that the actual rate at which the pan or basket is rotated can be set, relative to the rotational speed of the block, to allow for the fact that the tube shed from the block has a radius of curvature which is different from the radius of the block.
  • the drawing block can have its rotating axis in any direction but there are advantages in this being vertical or inclined slightly to the vertical.
  • the groove is V-shaped and, in any radial cross-section, is defined by converging straight lines.
  • the upper of the two surfaces may be inclined downwardly towards said meeting plane, may lie in the meeting plane and, in some circumstances, may be upwardly inclined towards the meeting plane.
  • the lower of the two surfaces is preferably always upwardly inclined towards said meeting plane.
  • a drawing block machined from mild steel with a turned outer surface is perfectly acceptable although normally at least the region of the block defining the groove will be hardened. It may be desirable to coat the surface of the block defining the groove with a thin coating of a resilient material (e.g. a synthetic plastics material).
  • a resilient material e.g. a synthetic plastics material
  • a single groove may be provided whose groove cross-sectional size is adjustable.
  • This adjustable feature can be provided by making one of the surfaces defining the groove movable relative to the other surface.
  • the die holder is positioned so that it is substantially axially aligned with the groove into which the tubing passes and where a plurality of grooves are provided spaced-apart in the axial direction of the block it may be desirable to mount the die holder so that it can be moved to align the axis of a die housed therein with the particular groove being used.
  • the means for holding the tubing into the groove can be an endless belt of flexible substantially nonextensible material and a loop of rope of natural or synthetic fibres has been found suitable.
  • the loop of rope passes around a path defined by three pulleys and some 270 of the total circumference of the block.
  • One of the three pulleys may be connected to a hydraulic motor which acts to move that pulley in a direction to increase the'size of the loop path available to the rope 'whereby this hydraulic motor can be used for tensioning the rope to provide sufficient force on the tubing to hold it in the groove, particularly on start-up.
  • one or more rollers may be used either to physically press the tubing into the groove or to define a departure path for the tubing from the groove which results in the tubing being held firmly in the groove, over a length upstream of the roller.
  • This latter method is only suitable in the case of a reasonably rigid tube (e.g. mild steel).
  • the total enclosed angle between the converging surfaces defining the groove is suitably between 12 and 25, preferably in the range 17 to 22.
  • the block is provided with a pulling'in dog (of any conventional type) which is used to start a drawing operation on a new coil of tubing.
  • a pointed end may be formed on the leading end of the new coil of tubing in any conventional manner, this pointed end permitting easy passage through the die for a length sufficient to enable the leading end to be gripped by the dog.”
  • the dog can then be moved away from the die (e.g. it may be attached to the block) so that the first part of the turn of the block draws tubing through the die until a sufficient length is available to enable it to be locked in the groove.
  • An alternative method of threading up involves fixing the dog relative to the frame of the machine and moving the die box away from the dog to draw an initial length which is sufficient for locking within the groove.
  • the leading end can then be released from the dog and the die moved forward again to the position it will adopt during the following drawing operation as the leading end of the tubing is lapped around the block and located in the groove.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of some parts of one form of drawing machine
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side elevation of the machine of FIG. 1 showing how the drawing block and an associated basket for collecting drawn tubing can be driven together from a common drive motor,
  • FIG. 3 is a scrap sectional view of part of the block of the machine of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan of parts of a modified form of machine
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional side elevation of the block of FIG. 4 shown on the line VV, and
  • FIG. 6 shows a still different arrangement for holding tubing in the groove of the drawing block.
  • the machine comprises means (not shown but to the left) for supporting a coil of tubing 1, a length of the tubing 1 being shown leading to a die 2 through which drawn tubing 3 passes to a rotataing cylindrical drawing block 4.
  • a V-groove 5 is formed in the peripheral surface of the block 4 and the tubing is trapped in this groove and rotates with the block 4 in the direction of the arrow A. After less than one complete turn around the block 4, the tubing leaves the groove (it is urged out by a guide 6) and falls down into a suitable collecting basket 7.
  • an endless loop 8 of non-extensible flexible material is provided, which loop is defined, in part, by the peripheral surface of the block 4 and in part by pulleys 9, l0 and 11. Peripheral regions of the pulleys 9 and 10 are substantially in the median plane of the groove 5, but pulley 11 is either above the median plane or (as illustrated) below the median plane of the groove.
  • a lever 12 pivoting about an axis 13 supports the pulley 11 and is urged in a direction to tension the loop 8 by a ram 14.
  • FIG. 2 shows a simple arrangement in which a motor 16 drives a worm 17 meshing with a pinion 18 which is fast on a hollow shaft 19 of the block 4. Passing through the shaft 19 is a rod 20 which at its lower end supports a drive plate 21 having a central locating pad 22 and an eccentric spigot 23. The upper end of the rod 20 is splined at 24, the splines interengaging with similar splines on a further pinion 25. The pinion 25 is engaged by a second worm 26 and a variable speed drive (shown schematically by the line 27) interconnects the worms I7 and 26.
  • a variable speed drive shown schematically by the line 27
  • the basket 7 Located below the block 4 is the basket 7 and this is rotatably mounted on a trolley 28.
  • the pad 22 serves to ensure central location of the basket 7 with respect to the block 4 and when the rod 20 is lowered (after an empty basket has been positioned below the block 4), the spigot 23 engages in a drive opening in the upper part of the basket 7 and causes the basket to rotate in the same sense as the block 4 and at a speed pre-set by the drive 27 with reference to the speed of the block 4.
  • the tubing 3 leaving the groove 5 in the block 4 drops downwardly into the basket 7 and is collected there.
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 show a variety of different ways of ensuring that the tubing is retained within the groove 5 over an arc of sufficient length to generate the desired drafting tension.
  • FIG. 3 shows the arrangement illustrated in FIG. 1 where an endless loop 8 is employed.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show how at least one roller 30 can be used in place of the loop 8,7 the roller being positioned so that it does not enter into the groove.
  • the position of the roller 30 can be varied (e.g. between the position shown in full line in FIG. 4 and the position shown in dashed line) but normally the roller 30 (or the last roller 30) would be at least 180 round the block from the position at which the tubing 3' first contacts the block.
  • FIG. 3 shows the arrangement illustrated in FIG. 1 where an endless loop 8 is employed.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show how at least one roller 30 can be used in place of the loop 8,7 the roller being positioned so that it does not enter into the groove.
  • the position of the roller 30 can be varied (e.g. between the position
  • roller 6 shows a modified use of rollers, this time the rollers being narrow enough to enter into the groove.
  • a roller such as roller 30
  • the roller or rollers used for the arrangements shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 may be mounted on support arms movable towards and away from the block. Rams or the like can be employed to move the rollers and where a plurality of rollers are used they may be ganged together and controlled by one ram.
  • the block 4 had an outside diameter of 26 inches (660 mm) and a V-groove of included angle 17.
  • the block was rotated by a 45 kw DC motor at a speed which could be controlled by means of a Ward Leonard set.
  • a 1 /2 inch circumference polyester rope i.e. a rope made from the material known by the Trade Mark Terylene
  • the leading end of the tubing was trapped between the rope and the groove of the block and was held in the groove around an arc of 230. Tension of the order of 30 lbs force was maintained in the rope. A drafting tension of 650 pounds force was generated in the tubing when the block was rotated and the tube was drawn (as a sink pass) to give rise to a drawn coil having an external diameter which was 0.245 inch measured in the direction parallel to the axis of the drawing block and was 0.249 inch in the direction normal to this (i.e. an ovality of 0.004 inch). A drawing speed in excess of 1500 feet per minute was achieved without difficulty and the tension in the rope could be drastically reduced when steadystate drawing conditions had been attained.
  • An RTV machine can be used for recoiling tubing to coils of smaller diameter than is customary with a spinner machine. This recoiling can be accomplished during a drawing operation or simply as a recoiling operation without any change in cross-section of the tube provided some tension is created in the tubing approaching the block by passing it, for example, between killing rolls.
  • 9. When tubing is wrapped around a cylindrical block some ovality of the cross-section of the tubing will result due to the bending, the major axis of the oval shape being parallel to the axis of the block.
  • tubing with a low degree of ovality can be a feature of material drawn on an RTV machine.
  • a method of reducing the diameter and/or the wall thickness of metal tubing by generating sufficient tension in a length of tubing downstream of a reducing die to draw the tubing through the die characterized in that the tension is created by urging the tubing into a convex groove section of an endless groove defined by two converging relatively acutely inclined wedging surfaces to releasably wedge the metal tubing therebetween with a sufficient radial force substantially less than and established independently of the drawing tension to prevent relative slip between the tubing and the wedging surfaces when the endless groove and the die are relatively moved at the desired drawing speed and relatively moving the die and endless groove to draw the metal tubing through the die.
  • a tube drawing machine comprising a support for tubing to be drawn, a die holder, a drawing die mounted on the die holder, means for collecting tubing drawn through the drawing die in the holder, a drawing block rotatable about an axis, the block having an endless peripheral annular groove formed therein defined by two annular wedging surfaces converging at an acute angle, in the direction towards the rotational axis of the block, to a meeting plane which is normal to said axis, for wedging the tubing therebetween, means to rotate the drawing block and means separatefrom the tubing and operable independently of the drawing tension to hold tubing passing through the die in less than 360 of the groove in frictional engagement with said wedging surfaces.
  • a method of drawing thin wall metal tubing having a generally circular cross section with a rotatable drawing block and at a predetermined tension without substantially deforming the circular cross section of the metal tubing, comprising the steps of providing a drawing block with an endless peripheral annular groove defined by two opposed annular wedging surfaces converging at a predetermined relatively acute angle toward the rotational axis of the drawing block for releasably gripping the tubing, without enlarging the cross sectional dimension of the tubing in the direction parallel to the axis of the drawing block, as the tubing is drawn under the predetermined tension into frictional engagement with the wedging surfaces and around a section of less than 360 of the annular groove as the surfaces.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
US308748A 1971-11-26 1972-11-22 Drawing machine Expired - Lifetime US3881340A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5492371A GB1405419A (en) 1971-11-26 1971-11-26 Tube drawing machine and method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3881340A true US3881340A (en) 1975-05-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US308748A Expired - Lifetime US3881340A (en) 1971-11-26 1972-11-22 Drawing machine

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3881340A (de)
JP (1) JPS5749285B2 (de)
DE (1) DE2257981C2 (de)
FR (1) FR2161060A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1405419A (de)
IT (1) IT975848B (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4149398A (en) * 1977-09-16 1979-04-17 Wean United, Inc. Single groove drawing block assembly
US4532791A (en) * 1983-10-26 1985-08-06 Morgan Construction Company Arrangement and operation thereof for threading a rotatable assembly
WO2000066474A1 (en) * 1999-05-03 2000-11-09 Skaltek Ab Methods and appratus to roll up a cable, wire, rope or the like in a ring
US6615571B1 (en) * 1999-04-07 2003-09-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Apparatus and method for assembling optical cable
CN109985911A (zh) * 2017-12-31 2019-07-09 天津市越创科技有限责任公司 一种用于金属管材薄壁加工的装置
CN112743818A (zh) * 2021-01-05 2021-05-04 厦门建霖健康家居股份有限公司 一种对拉丝轮的压力反馈进行自动补偿的装置

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2038219B (en) 1978-12-12 1982-08-18 Marshall Richards Barcro Ltd Wire drawing method and apparatus
DE3023507A1 (de) * 1980-06-24 1982-01-21 Kabel- und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshütte AG, 3000 Hannover Vorrichtung zum ziehen von strangfoermigem gut
JPS5998486U (ja) * 1982-12-22 1984-07-03 大日本印刷株式会社 販売促進用展示物
JPS59168783U (ja) * 1983-04-27 1984-11-12 株式会社　フア−スト 広告宣伝用デイスプレ−具
FR2577689B1 (fr) * 1985-02-15 1988-09-09 Telecommunications Sa Dispositif de reglage de la longueur des fibres optiques dans un cable optique
DE4031682C2 (de) * 1990-10-04 1993-12-23 Mannesmann Ag Automatisches Einspulen von Rohrwindungen in den Aufnahmekorb einer Trommelziehmaschine

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1316411A (en) * 1918-10-16 1919-09-16 Robert W Withington Wire-drawing machine.
US3106354A (en) * 1961-04-14 1963-10-08 Indiana Steel & Wire Company I Apparatus and method for filament feed control
US3232553A (en) * 1963-08-01 1966-02-01 Indiana Steel & Wire Company I Apparatus for forming filamentary material into an annular bundle
US3235202A (en) * 1962-07-27 1966-02-15 Gen Cable Corp Filament-packing apparatus and method
US3270979A (en) * 1964-12-14 1966-09-06 Donald P Whitacre Wire coiling machine having grooved block
US3319451A (en) * 1964-07-22 1967-05-16 Blaw Knox Co Drawing apparatus for tubes or the like
US3331566A (en) * 1966-02-28 1967-07-18 Gen Cable Corp Wire coiling apparatus
US3373818A (en) * 1965-10-20 1968-03-19 Brown Oil Tools Apparatus for running pipe
US3496751A (en) * 1967-10-06 1970-02-24 Vaughn Machinery Co The Draw block with holder mechanism
US3593558A (en) * 1969-07-24 1971-07-20 Fenn Mfg Co The Payoff reel controller
US3765215A (en) * 1972-01-21 1973-10-16 Aluminum Co Of America Tube drawing method and apparatus

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR417075A (fr) * 1910-06-11 1910-11-05 Reinhold Wohlatz Pomme d'arrosoir
US1918237A (en) * 1930-01-09 1933-07-18 Western Electric Co Wire drawing apparatus
US2929574A (en) * 1955-05-18 1960-03-22 Western Electric Co Apparatus for distributing filamentary material into coil form
US3610498A (en) * 1970-04-15 1971-10-05 Morgan Construction Co Combination centrifugal guide and chain guide

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1316411A (en) * 1918-10-16 1919-09-16 Robert W Withington Wire-drawing machine.
US3106354A (en) * 1961-04-14 1963-10-08 Indiana Steel & Wire Company I Apparatus and method for filament feed control
US3235202A (en) * 1962-07-27 1966-02-15 Gen Cable Corp Filament-packing apparatus and method
US3232553A (en) * 1963-08-01 1966-02-01 Indiana Steel & Wire Company I Apparatus for forming filamentary material into an annular bundle
US3319451A (en) * 1964-07-22 1967-05-16 Blaw Knox Co Drawing apparatus for tubes or the like
US3270979A (en) * 1964-12-14 1966-09-06 Donald P Whitacre Wire coiling machine having grooved block
US3373818A (en) * 1965-10-20 1968-03-19 Brown Oil Tools Apparatus for running pipe
US3331566A (en) * 1966-02-28 1967-07-18 Gen Cable Corp Wire coiling apparatus
US3496751A (en) * 1967-10-06 1970-02-24 Vaughn Machinery Co The Draw block with holder mechanism
US3593558A (en) * 1969-07-24 1971-07-20 Fenn Mfg Co The Payoff reel controller
US3765215A (en) * 1972-01-21 1973-10-16 Aluminum Co Of America Tube drawing method and apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4149398A (en) * 1977-09-16 1979-04-17 Wean United, Inc. Single groove drawing block assembly
US4532791A (en) * 1983-10-26 1985-08-06 Morgan Construction Company Arrangement and operation thereof for threading a rotatable assembly
US6615571B1 (en) * 1999-04-07 2003-09-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Apparatus and method for assembling optical cable
WO2000066474A1 (en) * 1999-05-03 2000-11-09 Skaltek Ab Methods and appratus to roll up a cable, wire, rope or the like in a ring
US6631864B1 (en) 1999-05-03 2003-10-14 Skaltek Ab Method and apparatus to roll up a cable, wire, rope or the like in a ring
CN109985911A (zh) * 2017-12-31 2019-07-09 天津市越创科技有限责任公司 一种用于金属管材薄壁加工的装置
CN112743818A (zh) * 2021-01-05 2021-05-04 厦门建霖健康家居股份有限公司 一种对拉丝轮的压力反馈进行自动补偿的装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2257981C2 (de) 1983-03-10
DE2257981A1 (de) 1973-05-30
JPS4860064A (de) 1973-08-23
GB1405419A (en) 1975-09-10
FR2161060A1 (de) 1973-07-06
IT975848B (it) 1974-08-10
JPS5749285B2 (de) 1982-10-21

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