US3741481A - Shower spray - Google Patents

Shower spray Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3741481A
US3741481A US00163566A US3741481DA US3741481A US 3741481 A US3741481 A US 3741481A US 00163566 A US00163566 A US 00163566A US 3741481D A US3741481D A US 3741481DA US 3741481 A US3741481 A US 3741481A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
channel
spray
jet
channels
annular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00163566A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
P Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bowles Fluidics Corp
Original Assignee
Bowles Fluidics Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bowles Fluidics Corp filed Critical Bowles Fluidics Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3741481A publication Critical patent/US3741481A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/08—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape of pulsating nature, e.g. delivering liquid in successive separate quantities ; Fluidic oscillators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15C—FLUID-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR COMPUTING OR CONTROL PURPOSES
    • F15C1/00—Circuit elements having no moving parts
    • F15C1/22—Oscillators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S239/00—Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
    • Y10S239/07—Coanda

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT form of a jet which experiences Coanda attachment to one side of the channel.
  • the issuing jets can be angled to provide even spray coverage with a minimum number of channels.
  • a fourth side is provided for each channel to form a fluidic switching element wherein the jet issuing from each channel may be directed along either of two angularly displaced paths or, alternately may till a channel encompassing both paths.
  • the switching element may be connected as a fluidic oscillator whereby the overall spray pattern produced by the spray element is caused to oscillate.
  • the present invention relates to a shower spray and more particularly to a shower spray employing fluidic techniques to achieve even spray coverage.
  • prior art shower heads are generally configured to issue multiple individual water jets from apertures or channels arranged in concentric circular patterns.
  • the machining required to form the plural patterns of apertures or channels is generally relatively complex and costly.
  • to render such shower heads adjustable to vary the coverage provided by the spray requires even further manufacturing complexity and increased cost.
  • the adjustable prior art shower sprays require mechanically movable parts which tend to wear out with use, thereby deteriorating the performance of the shower head.
  • a shower spray element comprises a plurality of three-sided channels, preferably arranged in a single circular path, the fourth side of eachchannel remaining open to atmosphere. Water is issued through each of the channels in the form of a jet which experiences boundary layer attachment and thereby locks on to one side of the channel.
  • the channel side to which the jet attaches is angled to direct the issuing jet as desired.
  • Various groups of channels are angled to the same extent whereby a plurality of concentric spray patterns are issued from a single circular pattern of channels.
  • the foregoing principal of shower head design employing fluidic techniques may be expanded to provide a two mode shower spray wherein the issuing jet from each channel is caused to attach to either of two opposite channel walls, thereby varying the coverage provided by the overall spray. Switching of the issuing jet from one channel wall to another is effected simply by varying the amountof air entrained by the issuing jet on one side or the other of the channel.
  • this two mode shower spray utilizes a feedback passage to cause oscillation of each jet between its two angular positions.
  • the overall effect is an oscillating spray in the form of a cone which periodically opens and closes.
  • a three mode spray is also possible, the third mode comprising full channel flow wherein the issued jet attaches to both channel walls.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in perspective and partial section of a shower head according to one aspect of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view along the lines 2-2 in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view in plan of the outer body portion of the shower head of FIG. 1, illustrating the arrangement of the various spray nozzles;
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view in section taken along lines 4-4 in FIG. 3 and illustrating one possible configuration of spray nozzle
  • FIG. 4a is a front view of the spray nozzle illustrated in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary view in section taken along lines 5-5 of FIG. 3 and illustrating a second possible nozzle configuration
  • FIG. 5a is a front view of the nozzle illustrated in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmentary view in section taken along lines 6-6 of FIG. 3 and illustrating a third possible nozzle configuration
  • FIG. 6a is a front view of the nozzle illustrated in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a typical nozzle of the shower head of FIG. 1, diagrammatically illustrating the flow pattern of a jet issued through the nozzle;
  • FIG. 8 is a view like FIG. 7 in a modified form of the present invention wherein the jet issued from the nozzle can be switched to either of two angularly displaced positions;
  • FIG. 9 is a view like FIG. 7 is still another form of the present invention wherein the jet issuing nozzle is configured as a fluidic oscillator whereby the issuing jet is cyclically switched between two angular positions;
  • FIG. 10 is a view like FIG. 9 in still another form of the present invention whereby the nozzle is configured to provide a fluidic oscillator of the reversing chamber type; and I FIG. 11 is a plan view of a comb member employed to separate an annular spray into multiple spray components.
  • the shower head 10 of the present invention includes a barrel type casing 11 of generally conical or frusto-conical configuration.
  • a comb section 13 of generally circular configuration is disposed inside barrel 11 proximate the forward end of the barrel.
  • Comb 13 may either be a separate element circumferentially secured to barrel 11 or alternately may comprise an integral portion of the barrel.
  • the interior surface of comb 13 includes a radially extending step 15 such that the interior surface of the comb is wider at the forward end than at the rearward end.
  • An annular rubber gasket 17 is seated in step 15 and supports a core section 19 centrally relative to barrel 11.
  • Core 19 may either be a solid mass disposed to prevent liquid flow through the interior of gasket 17; alternatively core 19, as illustrated, may include a fluidic oscillator of the same general type as disclosed in my US. Pat. No. 3,563,462. Such an oscillator, when supplied with liquid under pressure, issues the liquid jet alternately from two outlet passages 21 and 23 terminating at the forward end of core section 19. Such an alternating fluid stream produces a massaging effect upon the body which has been found both pleasing and invigorating; consequently a massage mode of operation, as an alternative to the spray mode of operation, is possible in those shower heads with which an oscillator is provided in core 19.
  • the rearward end of core 19 includes a pair of diametrically opposed flanges 25 and 27 which fit in respective longitudinally extending guide channels 29 and 31 in the interior surface of barrel ll. Flanges 25, 27 assure that core section 19 is properly positioned within barrel 11.
  • the rearward end face of core section 19 also includes a pair of openings 33 and 35 through which pressurized liquid may be supplied to the oscillator in core section 19.
  • O-rings 37 and 39 surround openings 33 and '35 and provide a fluid tight seal against a valve cylinder assembly 4l.
  • Valve cylinder assembly 41 includes an end plate 43 which abuts the end face of core section 19 and is rotatably secured thereto by means of a screw and bolt arrangement or the like. The rearward endof valve cylinder assembly 41 extends out through the open rearward end of barrel 11 channels 29 and 31 to prevent rotation of valve cylinder assembly 41 by more than 90 to thereby define two specific operating positions of barrel 11 relative to the valve assembly.
  • valve assembly 41 Pressurized liquid supplied to the head is received through the hollow interior of valve assembly 41.
  • liquid is conducted from the valve assembly through a pair of suitably provided apertures 47 in end plate 43 which are aligned with openings 33 and 35 to supply fluid to the fluidic oscillator in core section 19.
  • Rotation of barrel 11 90 to its other extreme position relative to valve cylinder assembly 41 aligns apertures 47 outside of core section 19 to permit the pressurized liquid to flow around the core section towards comb 13 and issue as a spray in the manner described in detail below.
  • the rearward portion of comb 13 comprises a multiplicity of tooth-like projections 51 extending radially inward toward the longitudinal center line of shower head 10. Adjacent teeth 51 define flow channels therebetween through which pressurized liquid is constrained to flow during the spray mode of the shower head. Teeth 51 terminate at step 15 at which point the various flow channels assume a three sided configuration. A portion of the fourth side of the flow channels forwardly of step 15 is closed by gasket 17; however, comb 13 extends forwardly of gasket 17 so that a portion of each of the flow channels at the forward end of the comb is open to ambient pressure.
  • the opposing side walls of the various flow channels lie on respective radii of the circle defined by comb 13.
  • the outer wall of each flow channel diverges from the longitudinal centerline of the shower head in a forward direction.
  • FIGS. 5 and 5a there is illustrated a channel representing a second group of channels in which the divergence of outer wall 54 is relatively large (i.e., about 9).
  • a channel 57, representative of the third group of channels, is illustrated in FIGS.
  • pressurized liquid forced to flow outside core section 19 flows radially into the comb slots between teeth 51 and then axially forward through the various nozzles defined by channels 53, 55 and 57 and gasket 17.
  • the flow attaches to the outer wall of its channel. More specifically, since ambient air is present at the open side of the channel, the issuing stream entrains air trapped between it and the outer channel wall to reduce the pressure proximate the outer channel wall.
  • each of the channels formed in comb 13 can have its outer wall individually angled to produce substantially any overall spray coverage effect from the shower head.
  • the resulting spray pattern from this type of shower head is composed of three individual concentric patterns of substantially circular cross section. It is to be understood of course that more than three different angles of divergence may be employed and that the individual components of the overall spray pattern need not form three concentric circles but rather may provide a random pattern or any number of concentric patterns.
  • gasket 17 terminates rearwardly of the front end of each channel so that thereafter the stream is confined on only three sides by the three channel walls. Air may then be readily and inexhaustably entrained on the open side of the channel to maintain ambient pressure on the open side of the stream; this thereby assures that the lower pressure between the stream and the angled outer wall of the channel causes the stream to deflect toward and attach to the outer wall. Such deflection is achieved without significantly changing the cross sectional shape or velocity of the stream.
  • Individual water jets are preferably issued from the shower head to provide an even coverage over the target area.
  • the illustrated shower head wherein one set of jets is substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the shower head, one set is inclined at approximately 4 and another set is inclined at about 9, has been found to produce in a spray pattern which gives a very pleasing and desirable coverage over a wide range of distances from the shower head face.
  • All of the nozzles are substantially identical in depth at the step in comb member 13; however, as described above, the outer wall of each channel flares out in a downstream direction to produce the resulting jet deflection at the desired angles.
  • the nozzle or channel widths vary to provide substantially equal nozzle cross section areas for all nozzles, a nozzle being defined as that region where gasket 17 provides a closure for the fourth side of the channel.
  • the purpose of having identical cross sectional areas in the nozzle region is the attainment of substantially equal flows for each and every jet, thereby assuring even spray coverage. More specifically, water flows through each nozzle, filling its cross sectional area until the water reaches the angled section of the outer wall and the forward end of gasket 17.
  • the flow tries to follow it and the resulting jet is directed at an angle to the direction of flow through the nozzle throat itself.
  • the nozzle throat were also angled to the same extent as the outer wall of the channel the cross sectional area of the nozzle would increase in a downstream direction thereby decreasing the velocity of the jet. The result would be uneven spray.
  • the various nozzle widths vary to provide equal nozzle cross section for all nozzles in the region between step 15 and the forward end of gasket 17 where flow separation from the outer channel wall first occurs. It is to be stressed that identical cross sectional areas for the nozzles is required only where equal flows and even spray coverage is desired; it is not a requirement of the present invention.
  • the crucial aspect of the present invention is the utilization of the Coanda effector boundary layer attachment to direct individual jets in-an overall spray pattern. This is achieved without a decrease in flow velocity and in fact produces a slight increase in the flow velocity due to the Coandaeffect.
  • the advantages of the shower head described above include the possibility of using a single circular pattern of nozzles, which is easily and inexpensively manufactured, to provide a relatively wide area of spray coverage.
  • the inner nozzle walls are all formed by the same member, that is gasket 17. This gasket also serves to prevent water leakage and outflow anywhere but through the nozzles during the spray mode of the shower head.
  • FIG. 8 of the accompanying drawings there is diagrammatically illustrated a modified nozzle employing the principles described above.
  • the essential feature of the nozzle of FIG. 8 is the fact that the jet issued from the nozzle is capable of attaching to either of two channel walls and may thereby issue from a shower head face in either of two directions.
  • the nozzle throat .61 opens into a channel in which an outer wall 62 diverges in a downstream direction from the central longitudinal axis of the shower head 60.
  • the inner side of the channel is no longer directly open to ambient downstream of the nozzle throat but rather is provided with a side wall 64 which may preferably be part'of a gasket 63 or the core structure 19 of FIG. 1.
  • a control port 65 is defined through the outer wall 62 at the downstream end of nozzle 61.
  • Control port 65 communicates directly with a central fluid passage 66 arranged to communicate directly with the control ports of all the nozzles in the I shower head 60.
  • the forward end of fluid passage 66 terminates at the face of the shower head at which location a manually operable slide member 67 is disposed to permit selective opening and closing of passage 66 to ambient air.
  • inner wall 64 is positioned so that the stream from nozzle 61 normally attaches thereto, in the absence of control influence. This is merely a matter of choice, however, and wall 62 can be positioned so that the stream is biased thereto.
  • FIG. 8 can be utilized in a shower head to change the shower spray pattern from a narrow cone to a wide cone, or to simply change from one spray configuration to another spray configuration.
  • nozzles may be utilized in conjunction with a fluidic oscillator of the core section 19 in FIG. 1 to permit a massage mode to be selected.
  • FIG. 3 Various modifications of FIG. 3 are possible within the scope of the present invention.
  • the nozzle illustrated in FIG. 8 (and in FIGS. 9, 10 described below) need not be a narrow nozzle such as the types illustrated in FIG. 3; rather the nozzles may be arcuate in shape, each nozzle subtending an arc of significant length on the face of theshower head.
  • a single annular nozzle having the core section illustrated in FIG. 8 may be utilized to provide a single cone spray which may be selectively widened or narrowed depending upon the position of slide 67.
  • the drawing of FIG. 3 may simply represent a cross section of such an annular or arcuate nozzle.
  • the spray resulting from such a nozzle may be utilized for decorative fountains, or the like, and need not be limited only to shower head utilization.
  • both the inner and outer walls of the channel may each have a control port defined therein.
  • closure of both control ports produces full channel flow; opening of either control port directs the stream away from that port.
  • the result is a three-mode device with a full channel mode and two partial channel modes.
  • control of the flow is not necessarily limited to the closure or obstruction of a control channel but may also be achieved by water or other liquid introduced into the control nozzle to obstruct the control nozzle.
  • water is drawn into the control nozzle and represents a very high impedance to the liquid, producing an effect quite similar to the closure of the channel to ambient air.
  • the advantage of such an approach is the elimination of a moving part, such as slide 67.
  • this concept may be utilized in feeding back a portion of the issued jet to provide an oscillatory jet which alternately deflects between two positions without operator intervention. Nozzles of this type are illustrated diagrammatically in FIGS. 9 and 10.
  • a nozzle in a shower head 70 comprising nozzle throat 71 which terminates in a channel defined in part by inner wall 74 and outer wall 72.
  • a control port 75 analogous to control port 65 in FIG. 8, communicates with a fluid conduit 76 terminating at the face of the shower head.
  • No slide analogous to slide 67 is provided to close fluid passage 76 in the embodiment of FIG. 9.
  • a further control port 78 is defined at the upstream end of outer wall 72 and is connected to a fluid feedback passage 77 which terminates proximate the downstream end of side wall 74.
  • Feedback channel 77 is also connected to an aperture 79 in the face of the shower head which permits ambient air to enter feedback passage 77 when the latter is not blocked. Aperture 79 may be dispensed with if sufficient inflow of ambient air can enter feedback passage 77 from the opening in wall 74 when the stream is attached to wall 72.
  • the jet issued from nozzle throat 71 flows along inner wall 74 and a portion of the jet flows into feedback passage 77.
  • the liquid in feedback passage 77 tends to obstruct the passage, preventing ambient air from flowing therethrough and producing a relatively low pressure in the control port 78.
  • the low pressure at the control port 78 combined with the ambient pressure at control port 75 forces the jet to deflect toward and at least partially attach to outer wall 72.
  • the jet no longer supplies liquid to the feedback passage 77.
  • Residue liquid in the passage is aspirated by the power stream flowing rapidly past control port 78.
  • ambient air Upon aspiration of liquid from the feedback line ambient air enters the feedback passage and increases the pressure in control port 78.
  • the stream then switches back to its undeflected position along inner wall 74 to begin another automatic cycle of oscillation.
  • the overall effect of a shower head employing plural oscillator elements of the type illustrated in FIG. 9 is a spray which cyclically widens and closes producing a pleasing tingling effect on the body of the bather.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates another form of oscillator which is particularly useful as a nozzle in a shower head 80.
  • the element in FIG. 10 is a familiar fluidic cross over type element, operating as a relaxation oscillator, wherein pressurized liquid supplied from a throat 81 is issued into a reversing chamber 85 having sidewalls 86 and 87. Operation of the reversing chamber type element is well known and is described in detail in my US. Pat. No. 3,563,462. Pressurized liquid initially issued from throat 81 impinges against the downstream end of sidewall 87 and flows out through the downstream end of reversing chamber in the manner illustrated by the solid arrow in FIG. 10.
  • the outflowing liquid stream seals the reversing chamber from ambient air when crossing over the chamber output opening.
  • a portion of the outflow is received by feedback passage 84 and blocks the flow of ambient air through that passage to control port 82 (defined through the upstream end of inner wall 86) to significantly lower the pressure at that point.
  • This combined with the ambient air inflow from vented control port 83 at the upstream end of outer wall 87 forces the stream to deflect toward inner wall 86.
  • the jet thus issues from reversing chamber 85 at an angle which is determined by the contour of inner wall 86.
  • Feedback passage 84 is now opened to ambient and any residue liquid in feedback passage 84 is aspirated by the jet flowing quickly past control port 82.
  • Ambient air in feedback passage 84 and control port 82 increases the pressure proximate the upstream end of inner wall 86 forcing the jet to switch back to its undeflected position proximate sidewall 87 and impinging against the downstream end of that wall.
  • the cycle repeats to provide an oscillating output spray of the same general type produced by the element of FIG. 9.
  • the fluidic shower spray described above in its various embodiments is simple to manufacture and requires a minimum of components.
  • the shower head itself is extremely versatile in that it may be constructed to provide only a constant spray or alternatively may be built with a multimode capability wherein an oscillating spray, a manually deflected spray, and a massaging alternating jet such as described in my previous patent may be selectively utilized by the bather.
  • the spray elements illustrated in FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 may be cross-sections of individual thin channels, of arcuate channels, or of annular channels extending about the periphery of the entire shower head core. Where annular elements are employed, a comb-like member 90 (FIG. 11) having multiple teeth 91 arranged in an annular path, may be placed in front of the shower head to divide the annular spray into multiple individual spray elements.
  • a spray head especially for a shower, of the type which issues a spray pattern of substantially conical configuration, characterized by an egress opening (53, 55, 57, 61, 71) for said spray which is substantially larger in total cross-section than the issued spray and which includes at least one surface (52, 54, 58, 62, 64, 72, 74) positioned to cause boundary layer attachment thereto of the issued spray, and further characterized in that said egress opening comprises a multiplicity of individual adjacent channels (53, 55, 57, 61, 71) for issuing a respective multiplicity of individual liquid jets forming said spray pattern, each channel having a sidewall (52, 54, 58, 62, 64, 72, 74) positioned to cause boundary layer attachment thereto of the individual liquid jet flowing through that channel.
  • a fluidic spray member of the type comprising a body having a longitudinal axis and a plurality of liquid jet-issuing openings defined in its face, said spray member characterized by a plurality of nozzles, one for each opening, and a plurality of channels, one for each opening, each nozzle being arranged to receive pressurized liquid and issue a jet into a respective channel, each channel terminating at a respective one of said openings and including at least one channel wall angled relative to said longitudinal axis to permit a jet flowing in that channel to attach to said one channel wall, whereby each jet issues from said spray member in a direction determined by the angle of its one channel wall;
  • channels are arranged in a single circular path about said longitudinal axis, said one channel wall in alternate channels along said path having different angles of divergence.
  • a fluidic spray member of the type comprising a body having a longitudinal axis and a plurality of liquid jet-issuing openings defined in its face, said spray member characterized by a plurality of nozzles, one for each opening, and a plurality of channels, one for each opening, each nozzlebeing arranged to receive pressurized liquid and issue a jet into a respective channel, each channel terminating at a respective one of said openings and including at least one channel wall angled relative to said longitudinal axis to permit a jet flowing in that channel to attach to said one channel wall, whereby each jet issues from said spray member in a direction determined by the angle of itsone channel wall;
  • angle of divergence of said one channel wall being the same for all channels in the same group but different for channels in different groups.
  • a fluidic spray member of the type comprising a body having-a longitudinal axis and a plurality of liquid jet-issuing openings defined in its face, said spray member characterized by a plurality of nozzles, one for each opening, and a plurality of channels, one for each opening, each nozzle being arranged to receive pressurized liquid and issue a jet into a respective channel, each channel terminating at a respective one of said openings and including at least one channel wall angled relative to said longitudinal axis to permit a jet flowing in that channel to attach to said one channel wall, whereby each jet issues from said spray member in a direction determined by the angle of its one channel wall;
  • each of said channels includes a second channel wall, opposite said first channel wall, to which said jet is capable of attaching, said opposite channel-wall subtending an angle relative to said longitudinal axis which differs from the angle between said one channel wall and said longitudinal axis, said spray member additionally including control means for selectively attaching said jets in each channel to both said one and said second channel walls.
  • control means comprises means for controllably admitting ambient air into said channel proximate one of said opposite channel walls.
  • a fluidic spray member of the type comprising a body having a longitudinal axis and a plurality of liquid jet-issuing openings defined in its face, said spray member characterized by a plurality of nozzles, one for each opening, and a plurality of channels, one for each opening, each nozzle being arranged to receive pressurized liquid and issue a jet into a respective channel, each channel terminating at a respective one of said openings and including at least one channel wall angled relative to said longitudinal axis to permit a jet flowing in that channel to attach to said one channel wall, whereby each jet issues from said spray member in a direction determined by the angle of its one channel wall;
  • each of said channels includes a second channel wall opposite said first channel wall to which said jet is capable of attaching, said spray member additionally including control means for automatically oscillating said jet in each of said channels between said one and said second channel walls.
  • control means comprises means for controllably admitting ambient air into said channel proximate one of said opposite channel walls.
  • control means includes means for admitting ambient air into said channel proximate both of said opposite channel walls.
  • a shower head comprising: a body having a longitudinal axis; a plurality of liquid jet-issuing openings formed in said body, each comprising a nozzle arranged to receive pressurized liquid and issue a jet,-and a channel arranged to receive said jet from said nozzle and direct said jet externally of said body, said channel being closed on three sides and open to atmosphere on a fourth side, one closed side of said channel diverging angularly from said longitudinal axis in a'downstream direction, the angles of divergence of said one closed side being small enough to permit said jet to attach thereto.
  • the shower head according to claim 10 further comprising a central core member including a fluidic oscillator responsive to application of pressurized liquid thereto for alternatively issuing slugs of liquid from a pair of openings located interiorly of said circular path, and means for selectively applying pressurized liquid to either said nozzles or said fluidic oscillator.
  • channels of different divergence from said longitudinal axis are positioned at regular intervals along said circular path to provide a plurality of concentric spray patterns issuing from said shower head.
  • a shower head including: a longitudinal axis; a face plate having plurality of openings defined therein and arranged in a single circular path centered about said longitudinal axis; a plurality of fluid passages, one for each opening in said face, each passage arranged to deliver a fluid stream through a respective opening in said face, some of said fluid passages subtending different angles relative to said axis than others of said passage, whereby the streams issued through said openings form a spray pattern having a configuration determined by the angles subtended by said fluid passages.
  • a shower head comprising:
  • a body member having an outlet end and adapted to receive pressurized liquid and issue a spray pattern of the received liquid from said outlet end, said outlet end having a continuous annular outlet opening defined therein from which said issued spray pattern emerges with an annular crosssection;
  • said walls being of generally annular cross-section and spaced to define said annular outlet opening at said outlet end of said body member, said outer and inner walls being mutually convergent in a direction inwardly of said body member to define an annular throat inside said body member;
  • the shower head according to claim 15 further comprising manually actuable means for inhibiting said automatic means and directing said annular stream along one of said outer and inner walls continuously.
  • a shower head comprising:
  • a body member adpated to receive pressurized liquid
  • said body member comprising:
  • first and second outlet paths each comprise a plurality of adjacent channels arranged in a circle
  • said first and second annular spray patterns each include a plurality of individual streams, each stream being issued through a respective channel.
  • the spray head according to claim 22 further characterized in that said adjacent channels (53, 55, 57) are arranged in a single closed path, and in that respective sidewalls (52, 54, 58) to which said liquid jets attach are positioned at a plurality of different outwardly divergent angles relative to the longitudinal axis of said conical flow pattern.
  • the spray member according to claim 23 further characterized in that said channels are arranged such that adjacent channels (53, 55, 57) have outwardly divergent sidewalls (52, 54, 58) with different angles of divergence.
  • Liquid spray apparatus comprising:
  • a body member having an inlet for receiving pressurized liquid and an annular outlet for issuing the received liquid;
  • annular throat defined in said body and arranged in a flow path between said inlet and said annular outlet;
  • first and second spaced cylindrical walls extending in concentric relationship between said throat and said outlet to define an annular flow region between said throat and said outlet, said walls diverging in a downstream direction immediately downstream of said throat;
  • vent means for selectively admitting air into said flow region through said first wall
  • annular spacing between said first and second walls causes flow through said flow region to attach only to said second wall upon admission of air by said vent means into said flow region and to cause flow to fill said flow region in the absence of air admitted into said flow region by said vent means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
US00163566A 1971-07-19 1971-07-19 Shower spray Expired - Lifetime US3741481A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16356671A 1971-07-19 1971-07-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3741481A true US3741481A (en) 1973-06-26

Family

ID=22590586

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00163566A Expired - Lifetime US3741481A (en) 1971-07-19 1971-07-19 Shower spray

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3741481A (de)
JP (1) JPS5034987B1 (de)
CA (1) CA952560A (de)
DE (3) DE2140526C3 (de)

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2214056A1 (de) * 1973-01-11 1974-08-09 Bowles Fluidics Corp
US3920185A (en) * 1974-08-29 1975-11-18 Rippingille Jr Edward V Fluid oscillator with feedback and pulsating shower head employing same
DE2543378A1 (de) * 1974-09-30 1976-04-22 Bowles Fluidics Corp Verfahren und vorrichtungen zur erzeugung von schwingenden fluidstrahlen
US3998386A (en) * 1976-02-23 1976-12-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Oscillating liquid nozzle
US4052002A (en) * 1974-09-30 1977-10-04 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Controlled fluid dispersal techniques
US4219160A (en) * 1978-01-06 1980-08-26 General Electric Company Fluid spray nozzle having leak resistant sealing means
DE3400934A1 (de) * 1983-03-31 1984-12-06 Knorr-Bremse Fluidics GmbH, 8000 München Koerperpflege- und koerperreinigungsgeraet, insbesondere zahn- und gesichtsreinigungsbuerste oder munddusche und fluidischer oszillator, insbesondere zur verwendung in solchen geraeten
US4596364A (en) * 1984-01-11 1986-06-24 Peter Bauer High-flow oscillator
US4653693A (en) * 1984-08-27 1987-03-31 Task Force Tips Incorporated Fire fighting fog nozzle
US5129585A (en) * 1991-05-21 1992-07-14 Peter Bauer Spray-forming output device for fluidic oscillators
US5190099A (en) * 1991-05-01 1993-03-02 The United States Of The America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Pulsatile impinging cooling system for electronic IC modules and systems using fluidic oscillators
US5402938A (en) * 1993-09-17 1995-04-04 Exair Corporation Fluid amplifier with improved operating range using tapered shim
US6497375B1 (en) * 2000-02-22 2002-12-24 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Fluidic nozzle with multiple operating modes
US6575386B1 (en) * 2000-07-11 2003-06-10 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Spa nozzles with air entrainment
US6708898B1 (en) * 1999-09-10 2004-03-23 Mannesmann Vdo Ag Fluidic nozzle
US20040164189A1 (en) * 2002-11-12 2004-08-26 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Fluid spray apparatus
US6908047B2 (en) 2001-12-07 2005-06-21 Nottingham Spirk, Llc Oscillating shower sprayer
US20050214147A1 (en) * 2004-03-25 2005-09-29 Schultz Roger L Apparatus and method for creating pulsating fluid flow, and method of manufacture for the apparatus
US6976507B1 (en) 2005-02-08 2005-12-20 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Apparatus for creating pulsating fluid flow
US20070163573A1 (en) * 2006-01-18 2007-07-19 Act Seed Technology Fund Llc Wound cleaning and decontamination device and method of use thereof
US20080146141A1 (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-19 Tomoru Murao Air shower apparatus
US20090236449A1 (en) * 2005-10-06 2009-09-24 Bowles Fluidics Corporation High efficiency, multiple throat fluidic oscillator
US20100072307A1 (en) * 2005-10-06 2010-03-25 Hester Russell D Enclosures for multiple fluidic oscillators
US20110049271A1 (en) * 2009-08-28 2011-03-03 Meng-Feng Cheng Fluid Spraying Device
US8869320B1 (en) * 2006-10-04 2014-10-28 Aland Santamarina Compact spa jet with enhanced air effects
CN104874494A (zh) * 2015-05-20 2015-09-02 厦门建霖工业有限公司 双稳附壁式水流芯及其出水装置和出水方法
US9943863B2 (en) 2015-04-29 2018-04-17 Delta Faucet Company Showerhead with scanner nozzles
CN108290169A (zh) * 2015-08-11 2018-07-17 Dlh鲍尔斯公司 流体水龙头喷射面及喷射生成方法
US20210170427A1 (en) * 2019-12-06 2021-06-10 Runner(Xiamen) Corp. Alternating water delivery device
US11739517B2 (en) 2019-05-17 2023-08-29 Kohler Co. Fluidics devices for plumbing fixtures

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3929287A (en) * 1975-03-14 1975-12-30 Stanadyne Inc Portable shower head
US4151955A (en) * 1977-10-25 1979-05-01 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Oscillating spray device
US5035361A (en) * 1977-10-25 1991-07-30 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Fluid dispersal device and method
US4177927A (en) * 1977-12-14 1979-12-11 Simmons Thomas R Apparatus for shaping and positioning fluid dispersal patterns
DE102016114624A1 (de) 2016-08-08 2018-02-08 Miele & Cie. Kg Backofen mit einem Umluftgebläse

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA493723A (en) * 1953-06-16 Bertin Jean Process and devices for deflecting fluid jets and applications thereof
US3423026A (en) * 1967-10-30 1969-01-21 Gen Motors Corp Windshield cleaning device utilizing an oscillatory fluid stream
US3494561A (en) * 1967-10-30 1970-02-10 Wilson & Cousins Co Ltd Fire hose nozzle
US3563462A (en) * 1968-11-21 1971-02-16 Bowles Eng Corp Oscillator and shower head for use therewith
US3595479A (en) * 1969-10-01 1971-07-27 Bowles Fluidics Corp Fluidically controlled display fountain
US3628726A (en) * 1969-01-15 1971-12-21 Sperry Rand Corp Nozzle and control apparatus

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2348776A (en) * 1941-04-25 1944-05-16 Modern Faucet Co Shower head
US2476440A (en) * 1946-08-31 1949-07-19 Garde Theodor M De La Adjustable discharge port spray nozzle
US2949241A (en) * 1957-09-23 1960-08-16 Comet Metal Products Co Inc Lawn and crop sprinkler
DE7004042U (de) * 1970-02-06 1970-05-27 Grohe Kg Hans Schwenkbarer brausekopf.

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA493723A (en) * 1953-06-16 Bertin Jean Process and devices for deflecting fluid jets and applications thereof
US3423026A (en) * 1967-10-30 1969-01-21 Gen Motors Corp Windshield cleaning device utilizing an oscillatory fluid stream
US3494561A (en) * 1967-10-30 1970-02-10 Wilson & Cousins Co Ltd Fire hose nozzle
US3563462A (en) * 1968-11-21 1971-02-16 Bowles Eng Corp Oscillator and shower head for use therewith
US3628726A (en) * 1969-01-15 1971-12-21 Sperry Rand Corp Nozzle and control apparatus
US3595479A (en) * 1969-10-01 1971-07-27 Bowles Fluidics Corp Fluidically controlled display fountain

Cited By (43)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2214056A1 (de) * 1973-01-11 1974-08-09 Bowles Fluidics Corp
US3920185A (en) * 1974-08-29 1975-11-18 Rippingille Jr Edward V Fluid oscillator with feedback and pulsating shower head employing same
DE2543378A1 (de) * 1974-09-30 1976-04-22 Bowles Fluidics Corp Verfahren und vorrichtungen zur erzeugung von schwingenden fluidstrahlen
US4052002A (en) * 1974-09-30 1977-10-04 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Controlled fluid dispersal techniques
US3998386A (en) * 1976-02-23 1976-12-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Oscillating liquid nozzle
US4219160A (en) * 1978-01-06 1980-08-26 General Electric Company Fluid spray nozzle having leak resistant sealing means
DE3400934A1 (de) * 1983-03-31 1984-12-06 Knorr-Bremse Fluidics GmbH, 8000 München Koerperpflege- und koerperreinigungsgeraet, insbesondere zahn- und gesichtsreinigungsbuerste oder munddusche und fluidischer oszillator, insbesondere zur verwendung in solchen geraeten
US4596364A (en) * 1984-01-11 1986-06-24 Peter Bauer High-flow oscillator
US4653693A (en) * 1984-08-27 1987-03-31 Task Force Tips Incorporated Fire fighting fog nozzle
US5190099A (en) * 1991-05-01 1993-03-02 The United States Of The America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Pulsatile impinging cooling system for electronic IC modules and systems using fluidic oscillators
US5129585A (en) * 1991-05-21 1992-07-14 Peter Bauer Spray-forming output device for fluidic oscillators
US5402938A (en) * 1993-09-17 1995-04-04 Exair Corporation Fluid amplifier with improved operating range using tapered shim
US6708898B1 (en) * 1999-09-10 2004-03-23 Mannesmann Vdo Ag Fluidic nozzle
US6497375B1 (en) * 2000-02-22 2002-12-24 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Fluidic nozzle with multiple operating modes
US6575386B1 (en) * 2000-07-11 2003-06-10 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Spa nozzles with air entrainment
US6908047B2 (en) 2001-12-07 2005-06-21 Nottingham Spirk, Llc Oscillating shower sprayer
US20040164189A1 (en) * 2002-11-12 2004-08-26 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Fluid spray apparatus
US7111800B2 (en) * 2002-11-12 2006-09-26 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Fluid spray apparatus
US20050214147A1 (en) * 2004-03-25 2005-09-29 Schultz Roger L Apparatus and method for creating pulsating fluid flow, and method of manufacture for the apparatus
US7404416B2 (en) 2004-03-25 2008-07-29 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Apparatus and method for creating pulsating fluid flow, and method of manufacture for the apparatus
US6976507B1 (en) 2005-02-08 2005-12-20 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Apparatus for creating pulsating fluid flow
US8172162B2 (en) * 2005-10-06 2012-05-08 Bowles Fluidics Corp. High efficiency, multiple throat fluidic oscillator
US8205812B2 (en) * 2005-10-06 2012-06-26 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Enclosures for multiple fluidic oscillators
US20090236449A1 (en) * 2005-10-06 2009-09-24 Bowles Fluidics Corporation High efficiency, multiple throat fluidic oscillator
US20100072307A1 (en) * 2005-10-06 2010-03-25 Hester Russell D Enclosures for multiple fluidic oscillators
US20070163573A1 (en) * 2006-01-18 2007-07-19 Act Seed Technology Fund Llc Wound cleaning and decontamination device and method of use thereof
US8869320B1 (en) * 2006-10-04 2014-10-28 Aland Santamarina Compact spa jet with enhanced air effects
US20080146141A1 (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-19 Tomoru Murao Air shower apparatus
CN102405109B (zh) * 2009-03-03 2017-09-08 鲍尔斯应用流体力学公司 高效率、多喉部流体振荡器
CN102405109A (zh) * 2009-03-03 2012-04-04 鲍尔斯应用流体力学公司 高效率、多喉部流体振荡器
US20110049271A1 (en) * 2009-08-28 2011-03-03 Meng-Feng Cheng Fluid Spraying Device
US8201758B2 (en) * 2009-08-28 2012-06-19 Globe Union Industrial Corp. Fluid spraying device
US9943863B2 (en) 2015-04-29 2018-04-17 Delta Faucet Company Showerhead with scanner nozzles
US10399094B2 (en) 2015-04-29 2019-09-03 Delta Faucet Company Showerhead with scanner nozzles
US11241702B2 (en) 2015-04-29 2022-02-08 Delta Faucet Company Showerhead with scanner nozzles
CN104874494B (zh) * 2015-05-20 2017-10-24 厦门建霖工业有限公司 双稳附壁式水流芯及其出水装置和出水方法
CN104874494A (zh) * 2015-05-20 2015-09-02 厦门建霖工业有限公司 双稳附壁式水流芯及其出水装置和出水方法
CN108290169A (zh) * 2015-08-11 2018-07-17 Dlh鲍尔斯公司 流体水龙头喷射面及喷射生成方法
EP3334534A4 (de) * 2015-08-11 2019-04-17 dlhBOWLES, Inc. Flüssigkeitshahnsprühfläche und sprüherzeugungsverfahren
US11186974B2 (en) 2015-08-11 2021-11-30 Dlhbowles, Inc. Fluidic faucet spray face and spray generation method
US11739517B2 (en) 2019-05-17 2023-08-29 Kohler Co. Fluidics devices for plumbing fixtures
US11987969B2 (en) 2019-05-17 2024-05-21 Kohler Co. Fluidics devices for plumbing fixtures
US20210170427A1 (en) * 2019-12-06 2021-06-10 Runner(Xiamen) Corp. Alternating water delivery device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2140526C3 (de) 1974-07-11
JPS5034987B1 (de) 1975-11-12
DE2166353B2 (de) 1980-10-02
DE2140526A1 (de) 1973-02-15
DE2166353A1 (de) 1973-11-08
CA952560A (en) 1974-08-06
DE2166975A1 (de) 1977-08-04
DE2140526B2 (de) 1973-12-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3741481A (en) Shower spray
US5172866A (en) Multi-function shower head
CA1104499A (en) Oscillating spray device
US3762648A (en) Spray nozzle
US4562867A (en) Fluid oscillator
US5611488A (en) Sprinkler, particularly for watering vegetation
JPS5849300B2 (ja) 振動スプレ−装置
US4231519A (en) Fluidic oscillator with resonant inertance and dynamic compliance circuit
US3563462A (en) Oscillator and shower head for use therewith
US3776460A (en) Spray nozzle
JPH04214459A (ja) 流体の流れを遮断する為の方法と装置
US5246169A (en) Shower head
US3998386A (en) Oscillating liquid nozzle
US5230389A (en) Fluidic oscillator drill bit
RU2002133048A (ru) Конструкция сопла
US5170946A (en) Shaped nozzle for high velocity fluid flow
US4394965A (en) Pulsating shower using a swirl chamber
US3767118A (en) Oscillating water sprinkler
JP2005535445A (ja) 噴射ノズルを通過する流動体の流れを制御する器具
US3747858A (en) Irrigation system with pulsating flow
USRE27938E (en) Oscillator and shower head for use therewith
US3829018A (en) Oscillating water sprinkler
KR100479145B1 (ko) 관개용 스프링클러
CA2087346C (en) Multi-function shower head
JPS6426006A (en) Controller for fluid flow direction