US3707087A

US3707087A - Deburring devices

Info

Publication number: US3707087A
Application number: US153768A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hildaur L Neilsen
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1971-06-16
Filing date: 1971-06-16
Publication date: 1972-12-26
Anticipated expiration: 1989-12-26

Abstract

Angularly disposed jaws of a forcefully vibrated peening tool peen a metal edge or edges to be deburred, thereby smoothing said edges. The peening tool is vibrated by motion derived from teeth, or indentations, or equivalent irregular surfaces of a rapidly rotated hammer.

Description

United States Patent Neilsen 1 51 Dec. 26, 1972 54 DEBURRING DEVICES 3,268,014 8/1966 Drew ..173 97 3,371,725 3/1968 Jansen ..l73/l23 [72] Inventor. lllldaur L. Neilsen, 2 Jumper Street,

Metuchen NJ. 08840 3,412,594 1l/1968 Lund ..72/l52 [22] Filed: June 1 6, 1971 FOREIGN PATENTS 0R APPLICATIONS [2]] App] 153 7 497,959 5/1930 Germany .l73/123 Primary Examiner-Lowell A. Larson [52] US. Cl. ..72/429, 72/452,l7722/;11726 Assistant Examiner cene Crosby 51 1111.01. ..B2lj 7 02 4'-"" [58] Field of Search ..72/429, 452, 476,379;

173/123; 74/55 [57] ABSTRACT Angularly disposed jaws of a forcefullyvibrated peen- [56] References Cited ing tool peen a metal edge or edges to be deburred, thereby smoothing said edges. The peening tool is UNITED STATES PATENTS vibrated by motion derived from teeth, or indenta- 1,040,424 10/1912 Salt ..173/123 tions, or equivalent irregular surfaces of a rapidly 1,053,744 2/1913 Phillips ..l73/l23 rotated hammer.

1,075,950 10/1913 Smith ..l73/l23 3,160,217 12/1964 Raihle ..173/123 16 Claims, 12 Drawing Figures PATENTEDnc26 m2 3,707,087

sum 2 or 2 1 76 86 V A 2%; H 93 ag/'8 mm m A 1A FIG. 12 FIG. 11

INVENTOR: HILDAUR L. NEILSEN A TTORNE V DEBURRING DEVICES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Various difficulties have hitherto been encountered in the deburring of edges of sheet metal which has been cut by either a punching or a shearing action. The difficulties arise largely because such deburring has usually been done either by cutting away the burred edge or by abrading it away.

The practice of either of the latter procedures has required complex, costly machines in which the cutting or abrading tools become overheated unless the machine includes tool cooling means which add to the cost of the machine and give rise to some operational difficulty from the mere presence of the cooling fluid.

Cutting or abrading, as in prior practice, leaves cuttings or dust which must be cleaned off after the machine has been used. The cutting or abrading tools wear rapidly and require frequent servicing or replacement. The prior machines, also, are limited to deburring only straight edges. As far as the applicant is aware, no practical hand tool for deburring has hitherto been developed.

OBJECTS OF THIS INVENTION An important object of this invention is to provide a deburring tool which may be utilized either as a hand tool or as an accessory of a machine tool such as, for example, a drill press.

Another important object is the provision of a deburring tool which may be used to debur not only straight edges, but also sinuous edges or other edges which are of other than straight configuration.

Another important object is the provision of a deburring device which can be manufactured at a relatively low cost, and which overcomes the various difficulties hereinbefore set forth.

These and other objects are achieved by a device according to this invention which peens or smoothes away rough edges left when sheet metal is either punched or sheared.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING In the accompanying drawing which illustrates the present invention:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a deburring device according to this invention, shown in position upon a sheet metal edge being deburred.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the device, portions thereof being shown in central, axial section.

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the parts shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is an elevational view of the working end of a peening tool in the device as seen looking up at the bottom of FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 is a view of the bottom of a rotary hammer in the device as seen at the plane of line 5-5 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary, central, axial sectional view substantially on the line 66 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 7 is a fragmentary, side elevational view of a modified form of peening tool suitable for use as a part of a device according to this invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a modified embodiment according to this invention, the section being substantially at a plane wherein a modified hammer, a peening tool, and impact transmission means are located.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view, substantially on the line 99 of FIG. 8.

FIG. 10 is a fragmentary, side elevational view of the working end of a further modified form of hammer.

FIG. 1 1 is a bottom elevational view of the rotary hammer of FIG. 10.

FIG. 12 is a view, substantially like FIG. 6, but showing the use of two peening tools in face-to-face relationship.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The details of a deburring device according to a preferred form of this invention may best be understood by reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 wherein the device, generally indicated at 20, is shown in deburring relation to an edge a of a sheet metal strip B, and in operational relationshipto a suitable motor C which is provided for operating a hammering-peening mechanism in the device.

The device 20 comprises a rotary hammer 22,- of which a stem 24 is adapted for tight engagement within a chuck d of the motor C. An enlarged lower end portion 26 of the hammer is formed on its bottom, generally flat, working surface, with a continuous series of concentric frusto-spherical indentations 28.

The hammers lower end portion 26 extends coaxially within a barrel 30, and is borne for turning therein within a needle bearing 32. This bearing, and the hammers portion 26 bottom upon an internal, radial wall 34 of the barrel. The bearing 32 and the hammer portion 26 are locked into the barrel 30 by washers 36a, b, and c and a snap ring 38 which, by its resilience, snaps into and is retained in an inner annular recess 40 formed near theupper end of the barrel.

Impact transmitting means in the form of hard steel balls 42 are somewhat loosely disposed within separate openings 44 which are formed in the barrels wall 34 and are in axial alignment with the series of indentations 28. The openings 44 communicate with a slot 46 which extends centrally in the barrel 30 and opens at the latters lower end. The slot 46 is narrower than the diameters of the balls 42, thereby providing shoulders 48 at the lower ends of the openings 44 to retain the balls against dislodgement therefrom.

A peening tool 50, preferably formed of flat tool steel, of the general shape shown clearly in FIG. 3, is slideably disposed in the slot 46. It is held in said slot by a reduced end portion 52 of a steadying rod or handle 54 which extends with an accurate fit within a transverse bore 56 in the barrel 30, and with a loose fit within an oval opening 58 in the tool 50. The rod 54 is held in place within the barrel 30 by a cotter pin 60.

The fit of the tool within the slot 46 is only loose enough to permit the tool to slide freely in said slot. However, as the tool 50 is held within the slot at the oval opening 58, the tool has permissible axial movement within the limits of the greater diameter of the opening 58, and also has the capability of some angular movement, within the slot 46, about the rod 54.

The tool 50 is preferably tapered at the lower portions of its opposite sides, to a jaw shaped lower extremity in the form of a pair of jaws 62 defining therebetween an angle 64 adapted for reception of the rectangular edge a of the strip B which is being deburred. The tool metal defining the angle 64 is preferably rounded as at 66 to avoid presenting any sharp, possibly nicking edges of metal to the strip edge being deburred.

OPERATION OF THE DESCRIBED DEVICE With the hammer 22 being turned at high speed by motor C, and the device as a whole being held against rotation by manual holding of the handle 54, the strip B is urged forcefully against the tool 50 or said tool is urged forcefully against the strip while the latter is being moved lengthwisely, relatively to the deburring device, between the jaws 62 of the peening tool. This causes the peening tool to vibrate axially due to the enga'gementof its upper end with the balls 42 which are subjected to rapid impact by intermittent seating within the indentations 28 at the lower end of the rotating hammer 22.

The rapid vibration of the tool 50 causes its jaws 62 to peen the edges of the strip being moved therebetween, thereby deburring said edges. If the device is used with a machine tool such as, for example, a drill press, the handle 54 may be positioned into engagement with some fixed part of the machine tool, to prevent barrel 30 from turning.

SOME MODIFICATIONS OF THE DEVICE The peening tool, instead of having its two jaw faces at similaracute angles relatively to a center line of the tool as with the jaws 62 of FIG. 2, may, as in FIG. 7, have one jaw face 68 extending in parallelism or in alignment with a projected center line 70 of the tool 67, while the other jaw face 72 extends at an angle to the center line. This arrangement would be desirable in some cases as, for example, if the face b of the metal strip B were japanned, lacquered, highly polished or otherwise specially finished. It will be understood, of course, that peening tools of various types or designs may readily be interchanged in the device.

The modification of FIGS. 8 and 9 employs, as a hammer, a peripherally toothed wheel 74 having a rigidly associated stem .76 by means of which said wheel may be rapidly rotated by a suitable motor. The wheel 74, a peening tool 78, and impact transmitting means in the form of a hard steel cylindrical roller 80 are retained within suitable recesses between a body member 82 and a plate 84 held by screws 86 to the body member.

An enlarged head 88 of the tool 78, working loosely in an internal recess 90 serves to effect capture of the peening tool against dislodgement from the body member 82. The working end of the tool 78 is provided with a suitable peening jaw arrangement 92 as already discussed with reference to the tools shown in FIGS. 2 and 7. In operation, the toothed wheel 74 and roller 80 yield a similar impact of the peening tool upon a sheet metal edge to be deburred as is provided by the rotary hammer, ball, and peening tool arrangement illustrated in FIG. 2. Handles 93 function similarly to the handle 54 of FIGS. 1 and 6 to hold the body member 82 against rotation.

FIGS. and 11 illustrate a modified lower end of a rotary hammer 94 wherein a circumferential series of indentations or flutings 96 are employed to perform an impact function somewhat similar'to the indentations 28 shown in FIGS. 3 and 5.

FIG. 12 illustrates an arrangement wherein two similar face-to-face peening tools 98 are employed instead of the single peening tool 50 shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 1-6 and FIG. 7. The two tools 98 SOME VIRTUES OF THIS INVENTION As the illustrated

peening tools

50, 67, 78, and 98 are caused to reciprocate axially at high speed and are capable of some angular movement during such reciprocation, they peen burred edges'of the metal piece at such close points along that edge that not only is the desired deburring effected but the peened edge, also, is made very smooth. This smooth finishing of the metal edge may be somewhat more perfectly accomplished where the dual-tool arrangement of FIG. 12 is employed as the two tools almost simultaneously engage different points at the metal edge and the axial reciprocation and angular movement of the two tools occur at slightly different times from the action of the balls 42 or the roller 80.

It will be observed from FIG. 1 that, in deburring the edge a, the device is so constituted that it not only is slideable freely along straight portions of that edge but is easily maneuverable about irregular edge portions such as, for example, the curved portion a1 the outside angular portion a2, and the inside angular portion a3.

As the deburring device of this invention does not rely on cutting away or abrading away burr metal, but relies upon a peening effect, troublesome wear is avoided, and no parts of the device require frequent servicing or replacement. Also, where cutting away or abrading is employed for deburring purposes, as in prior devices, the cuttings or the metal particles from abrading collect upon the device and upon the metal strip and must be cleaned therefrom. Use of the device of this invention does not produce such cuttings or metal particles, hence, no such cleaning is necessary.

Iclaim:

l. A deburring device for smoothing the edges of sheet metal, comprising a tool formed with a pair of jaws having angularly related surfaces within which an edge of sheet metal may be engaged, a rotary hammer having an interrupted-circular working surface, and impact transmitting means coacting with said working surface and with said tool to forcibly impel the latter intermittently against the edge of the sheet metal.

2. A deburring device according to claim 1, said working surface having a coaxial series of interruptions therein.

3. A deburring device according to claim 2, said interruptions being indentations.

4. A deburring device according to claim 2, said interruptions being protuberances.

5. A deburring device according to claim 2, said working surface being fiat, and said interruptions being frusto-spherical indentations in said flat surface.

6. A deburring device according to claim 2, said working surface being flat, and said interruptions being peripheral flutings in said flat surface.

7. A deburring device according to claim 2, said working surface being cylindrical, and said interruppact transmitting means being a cylindrical roller.

10. A deburring device according to claim 1, said jaw surfaces being rounded to avoid nicking of a metal edge engaged thereby.

11. A deburring device according to claim 1, said surfaces of the pair of jaws both being acute-angularly related to a projected center line of the tool extending between said jaws.

12. A deburring device according to claim 1, one of said surfaces of the pair of jaws being acute-angularly related to a projected center line of the tool extending between said jaws and the other of said jaw surfaces being approximately parallel to said projected center line.

13. A deburring device according to claim 1, further comprising a barrel member within which said working surface of the hammer and said impact transmitting means are located; said barrel member being formed with a slot extending axially thereof and said tool being flat and slideably disposed within said slot with the jaws of the tool extending exteriorly of said barrel member for engagement with a metal edge to be deburred, and a portion of said tool, distal from said jaws, extending within said barrel member in position for engagement with said impact transmitting means.

14. A deburring device according to claim 13, further comprising a handle having an end portion extending through said barrel member and through an oval opening formed in said tool to hold the latter against disassociation from the barrel member while permitting said tool to reciprocate axially within said barrel member upon being urged into operative engagement with said impact transmitting means.

15. A deburring device according to claim 13, said device including a plurality of said tools similarly disposed in face-to-face, slideable interrelationship within said slot.

16. A deburring device for smoothing the edges of sheet metal, comprising a tool formed with a pair of jaws having angularly related surfaces within which an edge of sheet metal may be engaged, and hammer means coacting with said tool to forcibly impel the lObOlZ 0H4

Claims

1. A deburring device for smoothing the edges of sheet metal, comprising a tool formed with a pair of jaws having angularly related surfaces within which an edge of sheet metal may be engaged, a rotary hammer having an interrupted-circular working surface, and impact transmitting means coacting with said working surface and with said tool to forcibly impel the latter intermittently against the edge of the sheet metal.

5. A deburring device according to claim 2, said working surface being flat, and said interruptions being frusto-spherical indentations in said flat surface.

7. A deburring device according to claim 2, said working surface being cylindrical, and said interruptions being a continuous series of teeth on said working surface.

8. A deburring device according to claim 5, said impact transmitting means being plural balls.

9. A deburring device according to claim 7, said impact transmitting means being a cylindrical roller.

16. A deburring device for smoothing the edges of sheet metal, comprising a tool formed with a pair of jaws having angularly related surfaces within which an edge of sheet metal may be engaged, and hammer means coacting with said tool to forcibly impel the latter against the edge of the sheet metal.