US3435673A - Method of,and an apparatus for,obtaining measurements which correspond to the substance cross-section of textile material - Google Patents
Method of,and an apparatus for,obtaining measurements which correspond to the substance cross-section of textile material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3435673A US3435673A US634654A US3435673DA US3435673A US 3435673 A US3435673 A US 3435673A US 634654 A US634654 A US 634654A US 3435673D A US3435673D A US 3435673DA US 3435673 A US3435673 A US 3435673A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- textile material
- section
- cross
- substance
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B13/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids
- G01B13/20—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids for measuring areas, e.g. pneumatic planimeters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H63/00—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package
- B65H63/06—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to presence of irregularities in running material, e.g. for severing the material at irregularities ; Control of the correct working of the yarn cleaner
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H63/00—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package
- B65H63/06—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to presence of irregularities in running material, e.g. for severing the material at irregularities ; Control of the correct working of the yarn cleaner
- B65H63/062—Electronic slub detector
- B65H63/067—Electronic slub detector using fluid sensing means, e.g. acoustic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H13/00—Other common constructional features, details or accessories
- D01H13/14—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions ; Monitoring the entanglement of slivers in drafting arrangements
- D01H13/22—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions ; Monitoring the entanglement of slivers in drafting arrangements responsive to presence of irregularities in running material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
- D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
- D01H5/32—Regulating or varying draft
- D01H5/38—Regulating or varying draft in response to irregularities in material ; Measuring irregularities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/50—Auxiliary process performed during handling process
- B65H2301/53—Auxiliary process performed during handling process for acting on performance of handling machine
- B65H2301/531—Cleaning parts of handling machine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
- B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments
Definitions
- Suitable measuring systems for determining substance cross-section of textile material are extremely important to quality control in the textile industry insofar as they enable the manufacturing processes to be monitored and regulated on the basis of the results that are provided.
- the only measuring systems of this type in common use are capacitive and optical measuring systems.
- the principal disadvantage of a capacitive system is that it is sensitive to the moisture content of the textile material and therefore does not provide consistently accurate measurement. In addition to this, the zero or neutral point is not stable enough to insure dependability of operation.
- optical measuring systems difficulties are encountered due to lack of stability in both phototransmitters and photo-receivers.
- capacitive and optical measuring systems it has already been proposed as a result of extensive tests to take measurements on the principle of the absorption of radio-active rays by the textile material. Unfortunately, none of these proposals has had any practical applications for a variety of reasons.
- the present invention has an object to obviate the disadvantages inherent in known devices, as indicated above, and relates to a method of obtaining measurements corresponding to the substance cross-section of textile material, slivers in particular, in which the textile material is drawn at a predetermined speed through a nozzle having at least one constriction, pneumatic pressure generated at the constriction being evaluated as the measured quantity relating to the substance crosssection of the textile material.
- the invention also provides an apparatus for carrying out this method, comprising a nozzle through which the textile material can travel and which tapers in cross-section in the direction of movement of the textile material and has a hollow or empty space between two planes lying one behind the other, extending vertically of its axis, and a manometer connected to this empty space for determining a quantity relating to the pneumatic pressure in the hollow or empty space.
- FIGURE 1 shows a cross-section of a basic nozzle arrangement in accordance with the invention
- FIGURE 2 is a section through a funnel-shaped nozzle (trumpet),
- FIGURE 3 shows a trumpet of the kind shown in FIG- URE 2 with an annular widened portion
- FIGURE 4 shows a trumpet with groove machined into it
- FIGURE 5 shows a measuring system with a nozzle and pressure compensation in accordance with the invention.
- textile material 5 is drawn through two substantially concentric apertures 1 and 2 lying one behind the other, as shown in FIGURE 1.
- the aperture 2 is smaller in diameter than the aperture 1 so that after passing through the aperture 1, the textile material is compressed by the aperture 2.
- a certain amount of air is trapped in the constituent fibrous material of the sliver, and passes through the apertures together with the textile material. If the fibre crosssection is the same in both the apertures 1 and 2, a quantity of air which corresponds both to the rate of flow of the textile material and to the diflerence in cross-section of the two apertures, must be forced out of the mass of fibres during passage from the aperture 1 to aperture 2. This air escapes into the chamber 3, if possible; however, if the chamber 3 is completely, or at least partly, closed, all or part of the air must escape longitudinally through the sliver.
- a fairly large substance cross-section generates a fairly high air resistance and accordingly a relatively high pressure in the chamber 3 which can be detected through a manometer, for example, connected to the chamber at an opening 4 in this chamber.
- the air resistance could of course also be measured with compressed air introduced into the chamber.
- the measuring medium itself supplies an active quantity of air pressure, which must be regarded as a. substantial advantage.
- FIGURE 2 is a section through one embodiment of such a trumpet having a central passage which is reduced continuously in cross-section. It is of particular advantage to design these trumpets in accordance with the present invention wherein the central passage is provided with successive concentric apertures of ditferent size producing an abrupt reduction in the passage so that they can be used as measuring elements, as shown in FIGURE 3.
- An annular widened portion 7 is provided in the wall of the trumpet in such a way that a first crosssection has a diameter ti, and a second cross-section a smaller diameter d
- the widened portion 7 may communicate with a manometer or other measuring device (not shown) through a nipple 6.
- a particularly simple form of trumpet is obtained by machining a groove 8 into the walls of the central passage and providing a radial bore 9 in communication therewith for the connection of a pressure gauge to the chamber formed by the groove 8.
- nozzle configurations may be provided utilizing the principles set forth herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
- the pressure generated in the chamber 3 is, however, not only governed by the extent to which the sliver is constricted as it passes from the aperture 1 to the aperture 2, but also by the rate at which the sliver is pulled through the nozzle.
- a unit of the kind shown in FIGURE 5 may be provided for producing a diiferential measurement; it comprises an air compressor 14 driven at a rotational speed proportional to the rate of passage of the sliver through the nozzle 11.
- the pressure generated in the compressor 14 is applied in opposition to the pressure in the chamber 3, selectively through a regulating valve 13, for example in a differential manometer 12, the ratio between the pressure in the chamber 3 as applied to arm of the manometer, and the pressure in the arm 16 of the manometer 12 derived from compressor 14 via valve 13 will provide an indication of the substance cross-section.
- the ditferential method using a compressor 14 is also of advantage insofar as the variable properties of the air, such as temperature and barometric pressure, are automatically taken into consideration and eliminated as factors in the measurement.
- the regulating valve 13 also enables a desired value to be set for the substance cross-section to be measured in that a rise in pressure in the arm 16 requires an increasing substance cross-section in the trumpet 11 and vice versa.
- a suitable converter means 18 known per se may be provided which converts the level of the manometer column 17 or its fluctuations into a suitable measured quantity which may be obtained as an electrical signal.
- a method of obtaining measurements corresponding to the substance cross-section of a sliver of textile material comprising guiding the textile material through a nozzle having at least one relatively abrupt constriction in cross-section, whereby air is discharged from the textile material at said constriction, and
- step of measuring includes providing a counter air pressure corresponding to the desired value of the substance crosssection of the textile material and comparing the generated air pressure with the counter air pressure to obtain a resultant value.
- a method as defined in claim 2 further comprising converting said resultant value to an electrical signal.
- a method of obtaining measurements corresponding to the substance cross-section of textile material, slivers in particular, comprising moving said textile material at a prescribed rate along a given path,
- a method as defined in claim 4 further comprising the steps of providing a counter air pressure having a magnitude proportional to the rate of movement of the textile material and comparing the emitted air pressure with the counter air pressure to obtain a resultant value. 6. A method as defined in claim 5 further comprising converting said resultant value to an electrical signal.
- An apparatus for obtaining measurements corresponding to the substance cross-section of textile material, slivers in partcular comprising a nozzle having a central through-passage, said throughpassage having a relatively abrupt reduction in crosssection at an area along its length in the direction of movement of textile material therethrough, and
- measuring means connected to said nozzle for measuring the air pressure created in said through-passage at the point of said abrupt reduction in cross-section by the compression of said textile material by said abrupt reduction in cross-section.
- said .nozzle further includes a chamber positioned between two parallel planes transverse to the axis of said throughpassage at the area of abrupt reduction in cross-section thereof, said measuring means being connected to said chamber.
- said nozzle further includes a transverse bore communicating with said chamber, said measuring means being connected to said bore.
- measuring means includes a differential manometer having a first inlet connected to said chamber and a second inlet, a compressor providing a counter air pressure connected to the second inlet of said manometer.
- measuring means further includes a regulating valve connected between said compressor and said second inlet of said manometer.
- measuring means further includes converter means for converting the reading of said manometer into measured quantities corresponding to the substance cross-section of the textile material.
- measuring means includes a manometer connected to said nozzle for measuring air pressure in said through-passage.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Measuring Arrangements Characterized By The Use Of Fluids (AREA)
- Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH666366A CH436779A (de) | 1966-05-06 | 1966-05-06 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Messwerten, die dem Substanzquerschnitt von Textilmaterial, insbesondere von Faserbändern, entsprechen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3435673A true US3435673A (en) | 1969-04-01 |
Family
ID=4313085
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US634654A Expired - Lifetime US3435673A (en) | 1966-05-06 | 1967-04-28 | Method of,and an apparatus for,obtaining measurements which correspond to the substance cross-section of textile material |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3435673A (de) |
JP (1) | JPS4924180B1 (de) |
AT (1) | AT284484B (de) |
BE (1) | BE696344A (de) |
CH (1) | CH436779A (de) |
CS (1) | CS161693B2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE1648798B1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1137297A (de) |
NL (1) | NL6704597A (de) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3722260A (en) * | 1970-03-11 | 1973-03-27 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Method and apparatus for detecting weight variations of a sliver on spinning preparatory machines |
US3728894A (en) * | 1969-02-19 | 1973-04-24 | Gen Electric | Fluidic gaging device |
US4100791A (en) * | 1977-05-02 | 1978-07-18 | Fiber Controls Corporation | Auto-leveler |
US4122703A (en) * | 1976-11-24 | 1978-10-31 | Davis Jesse B | Method and apparatus for reeling discrete yarn strand patterns |
US4184361A (en) * | 1976-12-18 | 1980-01-22 | Trutzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sliver density sensing apparatus |
US4199844A (en) * | 1978-04-25 | 1980-04-29 | Platt Saco Lowell Limited | Method and means for regulating sliver draft uniformity |
US4302968A (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 1981-12-01 | Rieter Machine Works, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for measuring the linear density of a travelling fiber sliver |
US4306450A (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 1981-12-22 | Rieter Machine Works, Ltd. | Apparatus for measuring a cross-sectional area of a travelling fiber sliver |
US4438548A (en) * | 1980-01-17 | 1984-03-27 | Zellweger Uster Ltd. | Method and apparatus for controlling fluctuations in sliver weight on cards, carding machines and the like |
US4473924A (en) * | 1979-10-13 | 1984-10-02 | Zinser Textilmaschinen Gmbh | Means for controlling fiber-drawing apparatus |
US4758968A (en) * | 1985-05-16 | 1988-07-19 | North Carolina State University | Method and apparatus for continuously measuring the variability of textile strands |
EP0631136A2 (de) * | 1993-06-23 | 1994-12-28 | Zellweger Luwa Ag | Vorrichtung zur Messung der Masse oder des Substanzquerschnitts von Faserbändern und Verwendung der Vorrichtung |
EP0750060A1 (de) * | 1995-06-22 | 1996-12-27 | Zellweger Luwa Ag | Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung von Unregelmässigkeiten der Masse eines Faserbandes |
US5755135A (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1998-05-26 | Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag | Process for pressing a scanning device against a fiber sliver in a sliver guide and device for its production |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH624759A5 (de) * | 1977-12-22 | 1981-08-14 | Rieter Ag Maschf | |
CH636323A5 (en) * | 1978-09-13 | 1983-05-31 | Zellweger Uster Ag | Process and device for obtaining electrical signals which correspond to the cross-section of spun yarns and are independent of the velocity thereof |
CH635373A5 (de) * | 1979-04-06 | 1983-03-31 | Zellweger Uster Ag | Mess- und regeleinrichtung mit einem messtrichter zur bestimmung der durchzugskraft von faserbaendern. |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2465818A (en) * | 1943-06-26 | 1949-03-29 | Gen Electric | Device for measuring fiber density of a sliver |
US2560883A (en) * | 1948-06-26 | 1951-07-17 | Applic Et De Const Pour Materi | Device for measuring or checking a transverse dimension in a piece of indefinite length |
US2843882A (en) * | 1955-06-08 | 1958-07-22 | Us Rubber Co | Evener |
US2952262A (en) * | 1957-01-30 | 1960-09-13 | Molins Machine Co Ltd | Manufacture of cigarettes |
US3176503A (en) * | 1962-12-19 | 1965-04-06 | Inteco Corp | Pressure vessel leak testor |
US3283564A (en) * | 1964-12-28 | 1966-11-08 | Du Pont | Pneumatic deniering apparatus |
-
1966
- 1966-05-06 CH CH666366A patent/CH436779A/de unknown
-
1967
- 1967-03-11 DE DE19671648798 patent/DE1648798B1/de active Pending
- 1967-03-30 BE BE696344D patent/BE696344A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1967-03-31 NL NL6704597A patent/NL6704597A/xx unknown
- 1967-03-31 AT AT315767A patent/AT284484B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1967-04-03 CS CS2383A patent/CS161693B2/cs unknown
- 1967-04-28 US US634654A patent/US3435673A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1967-05-02 JP JP42027807A patent/JPS4924180B1/ja active Pending
- 1967-05-04 GB GB20788/67A patent/GB1137297A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2465818A (en) * | 1943-06-26 | 1949-03-29 | Gen Electric | Device for measuring fiber density of a sliver |
US2560883A (en) * | 1948-06-26 | 1951-07-17 | Applic Et De Const Pour Materi | Device for measuring or checking a transverse dimension in a piece of indefinite length |
US2843882A (en) * | 1955-06-08 | 1958-07-22 | Us Rubber Co | Evener |
US2952262A (en) * | 1957-01-30 | 1960-09-13 | Molins Machine Co Ltd | Manufacture of cigarettes |
US3176503A (en) * | 1962-12-19 | 1965-04-06 | Inteco Corp | Pressure vessel leak testor |
US3283564A (en) * | 1964-12-28 | 1966-11-08 | Du Pont | Pneumatic deniering apparatus |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3728894A (en) * | 1969-02-19 | 1973-04-24 | Gen Electric | Fluidic gaging device |
US3722260A (en) * | 1970-03-11 | 1973-03-27 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Method and apparatus for detecting weight variations of a sliver on spinning preparatory machines |
US4122703A (en) * | 1976-11-24 | 1978-10-31 | Davis Jesse B | Method and apparatus for reeling discrete yarn strand patterns |
US4184361A (en) * | 1976-12-18 | 1980-01-22 | Trutzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sliver density sensing apparatus |
US4100791A (en) * | 1977-05-02 | 1978-07-18 | Fiber Controls Corporation | Auto-leveler |
US4199844A (en) * | 1978-04-25 | 1980-04-29 | Platt Saco Lowell Limited | Method and means for regulating sliver draft uniformity |
US4473924A (en) * | 1979-10-13 | 1984-10-02 | Zinser Textilmaschinen Gmbh | Means for controlling fiber-drawing apparatus |
US4302968A (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 1981-12-01 | Rieter Machine Works, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for measuring the linear density of a travelling fiber sliver |
US4306450A (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 1981-12-22 | Rieter Machine Works, Ltd. | Apparatus for measuring a cross-sectional area of a travelling fiber sliver |
US4438548A (en) * | 1980-01-17 | 1984-03-27 | Zellweger Uster Ltd. | Method and apparatus for controlling fluctuations in sliver weight on cards, carding machines and the like |
US4758968A (en) * | 1985-05-16 | 1988-07-19 | North Carolina State University | Method and apparatus for continuously measuring the variability of textile strands |
EP0631136A2 (de) * | 1993-06-23 | 1994-12-28 | Zellweger Luwa Ag | Vorrichtung zur Messung der Masse oder des Substanzquerschnitts von Faserbändern und Verwendung der Vorrichtung |
US5499546A (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 1996-03-19 | Zellweger Luwa Ag | Method of measuring the mass of fiber slivers |
US5501100A (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 1996-03-26 | Zellweger Luwa Ag | Device for measuring the mass of fiber slivers |
EP0631136A3 (de) * | 1993-06-23 | 1997-03-05 | Luwa Ag Zellweger | Vorrichtung zur Messung der Masse oder des Substanzquerschnitts von Faserbändern und Verwendung der Vorrichtung. |
US5755135A (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1998-05-26 | Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag | Process for pressing a scanning device against a fiber sliver in a sliver guide and device for its production |
EP0750060A1 (de) * | 1995-06-22 | 1996-12-27 | Zellweger Luwa Ag | Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung von Unregelmässigkeiten der Masse eines Faserbandes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1648798B1 (de) | 1971-09-16 |
NL6704597A (de) | 1967-11-07 |
CH436779A (de) | 1967-05-31 |
CS161693B2 (de) | 1975-06-10 |
AT284484B (de) | 1970-09-10 |
JPS4924180B1 (de) | 1974-06-20 |
BE696344A (de) | 1967-09-01 |
GB1137297A (en) | 1968-12-18 |
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