US3345059A - Crucible for holding molten metal - Google Patents
Crucible for holding molten metal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3345059A US3345059A US439238A US43923865A US3345059A US 3345059 A US3345059 A US 3345059A US 439238 A US439238 A US 439238A US 43923865 A US43923865 A US 43923865A US 3345059 A US3345059 A US 3345059A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- crucible
- molten metal
- insulation
- metal
- shell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/26—Vacuum evaporation by resistance or inductive heating of the source
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/243—Crucibles for source material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/10—Crucibles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
- Y10S264/57—Processes of forming layered products
Definitions
- a crucible for holding molten metal includes a metal container in a double-walled vessel, the Walls being of thermally insulating material and separated by a cushioning layer. The insulation Walls are confined in an outer box lined with insulation powder.
- This invention relates to a crucible and, in particular, to a crucible specially adapted to hold molten metal while the surface thereof is being heated sufficiently to effect rapid evolution of the vapor of the metal.
- the prime requisite is a satisfactory crucible for holding the molten coating metal, e. g. aluminum, while the surface thereof is heated, as by electron bombardment, to effect vaporization at a rapid rate.
- the problem of providing a satisfactory high-temperature crucible as a source is rendered acute by the fact that many otherwise suitable refractory materials are subject to cracking from sudden thermal expansion and contraction, and are thus not leakproof. Others are subject to attack by the molten metal. Artificially cooled crucibles have a low thermal efiiciency.
- my crucible comprises an inner receptacle or container of highly refractory material surrounded by a vessel of thermal insulation.
- the vessel has double walls of insulation with an intermediate layer of compressible refractory or thermal insulation.
- the entire crucible is disposed within a binding of metal plate but is separated therefrom by a layer of packed refractory powder.
- an inner receptacle or container is dimensioned to hold a charge of molten metal 11 to be evaporated.
- the crucible may be of any desired shape in plan but will usually be rectangular. It is composed of a highly refractory material such as the nitride of boron, aluminum or silicon, but need not be free from cracking on heating and cooling.
- Container 10 is positioned within a double-walled vessel 12 composed of separate walls or shells 12a and 12b of thermal insulation, having a cushioning or expansion layer 13 therebetween.
- Shells 12a and 12b are preferably made of a castable insulation having a high alumina content.
- the expansion layer 13 between the side walls of these spaced shells is preferably aluminum-silicate fibers, refractory pebbles or crushable shapes. In any event, it is compressible so as to permit expansion of shell 12a without materially stressing shell 12b.
- the bottoms of shells 12a and 12b are spaced by a layer 14 of granular material, e.g. alumina powder.
- a binding of metal plate such as box 15 surrounds the entire crucible structure but is separated therefrom by a densely packed layer 16 of powdery material, such as alumina, similar to that of layer 14.
- a crucible comprising an innermost vessel of refractory material, confined within a double wall of insulation, the walls being separated by a compressible filling, the entire crucible structure having an outside binding or vessel spaced from it by a densely packed refractorypowder layer.
- Layer 13 of course, permits expansion and contraction of shell 12a independently of shell 12b while shell 12b aflfords a rigid refractory support for shell 12a. Separating layer 16 further seals against possible contact of a leak of molten metal with binding 15.
- a crucible for holding molten metal comprising a metal box, a lining of thermal-insulation powder therein, an outer shell of solid thermal insulation seated in said lining, a second lining of thermal-insulation powder in said outer shell, an inner shell of solid thermal insulation seated in said second lining and a container of refractory metal seated in the said inner shell.
Description
Oct. 3, 1967 J. K. SWINDT CRUCIBLE FOR HOLDING MOLTEN METAL Filed March 12, 1965 mus/won JOSEPH K. SW/IVDT r M Attorney United States Patent C) 3,345,059 CRUCIBLE FOR HOLDING MOLTEN METAL Joseph K. Swindt, Manhattan Beach, Calif, assignor to United States Steel Corporation, a corporation of Delaware Filed Mar. 12, 1965, Ser. No. 439,238 1 Claim. (Cl. 266-39) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A crucible for holding molten metal includes a metal container in a double-walled vessel, the Walls being of thermally insulating material and separated by a cushioning layer. The insulation Walls are confined in an outer box lined with insulation powder.
This invention relates to a crucible and, in particular, to a crucible specially adapted to hold molten metal while the surface thereof is being heated sufficiently to effect rapid evolution of the vapor of the metal.
In the coating of material with metal by vapor deposition in a vacuum, the prime requisite is a satisfactory crucible for holding the molten coating metal, e. g. aluminum, while the surface thereof is heated, as by electron bombardment, to effect vaporization at a rapid rate. The problem of providing a satisfactory high-temperature crucible as a source is rendered acute by the fact that many otherwise suitable refractory materials are subject to cracking from sudden thermal expansion and contraction, and are thus not leakproof. Others are subject to attack by the molten metal. Artificially cooled crucibles have a low thermal efiiciency.
I have invented a novel composition crucible which permits expansion and contraction incident to cyclical heating and cooling and yet takes care of leakage of molten metal, in the event of a crack, in such manner as to permit continued operation. In a present preferred embodiment, my crucible comprises an inner receptacle or container of highly refractory material surrounded by a vessel of thermal insulation. The vessel has double walls of insulation with an intermediate layer of compressible refractory or thermal insulation. The entire crucible is disposed within a binding of metal plate but is separated therefrom by a layer of packed refractory powder.
A complete understanding of the invention may be obtained from the following detailed description and explanation which refer to the accompanying drawing illustrating the present preferred embodiment. In the drawing the single figure is a perspective view of a crucible according to my invention, showing a transverse section therethrough.
Referring now in detail to the drawing, an inner receptacle or container is dimensioned to hold a charge of molten metal 11 to be evaporated. The crucible may be of any desired shape in plan but will usually be rectangular. It is composed of a highly refractory material such as the nitride of boron, aluminum or silicon, but need not be free from cracking on heating and cooling.
A binding of metal plate such as box 15 surrounds the entire crucible structure but is separated therefrom by a densely packed layer 16 of powdery material, such as alumina, similar to that of layer 14.
It will be evident from the foregoing that I have provided a crucible comprising an innermost vessel of refractory material, confined within a double wall of insulation, the walls being separated by a compressible filling, the entire crucible structure having an outside binding or vessel spaced from it by a densely packed refractorypowder layer.
The advantage of such crucible is that, in the event of a crack in vessel 10, leakage of molten metal therethrough is confined by the insulation walls 12a and 12b or, if not, is caused to solidify by reason of the steep temperature gradient between the space inside and that outside of the double-walled insulation vessel. Any such leak is thereby plugged by a cementing or self-healing action and exerts no ill effect on continued operation of the crucible. The tendency of the molten metal to react with the crucible parts is much inhibited at the reduced temperature on the exterior of insulation shell 12b. Vessel 10 may therefore be of material resistant to such reaction, regardless of whether it cracks on repeated heating and cooling.
Layer 13, of course, permits expansion and contraction of shell 12a independently of shell 12b while shell 12b aflfords a rigid refractory support for shell 12a. Separating layer 16 further seals against possible contact of a leak of molten metal with binding 15.
Although I have disclosed herein the preferred embodiment of my invention, I intend to cover as well any change or modification therein which may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the claim.
I claim:
A crucible for holding molten metal comprising a metal box, a lining of thermal-insulation powder therein, an outer shell of solid thermal insulation seated in said lining, a second lining of thermal-insulation powder in said outer shell, an inner shell of solid thermal insulation seated in said second lining and a container of refractory metal seated in the said inner shell.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,557,834 6/1951 McMullen 266-43 X 3,079,136 2/1963 Soine 266-39 3,227,431 1/ 1966 Steeves 263--48 J SPENCER OVERHOLSER, Primary Examiner.
E. MAR, Assistant Examiner.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,345,059 October 3, 1967 Joseph K. Swindt It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.
I Columml, line 35, for "composition" read composite column 2, line 53, for "metal" read material Signed and sealed this 29th day of October 1968.
(SEAL) Attest:
EDWARD J. BRENNER Edward M. Fletcher, Jr.
Commissioner of Patents Attesting Officer
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US439238A US3345059A (en) | 1965-03-12 | 1965-03-12 | Crucible for holding molten metal |
NL6603129A NL6603129A (en) | 1965-03-12 | 1966-03-09 | |
FR52830A FR1470946A (en) | 1965-03-12 | 1966-03-10 | Crucible |
DE1521564A DE1521564C3 (en) | 1965-03-12 | 1966-03-10 | Evaporation crucible for primary metals |
BE677752D BE677752A (en) | 1965-03-12 | 1966-03-11 | |
GB11151/66A GB1098238A (en) | 1965-03-12 | 1966-03-14 | Crucible for holding molten metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US439238A US3345059A (en) | 1965-03-12 | 1965-03-12 | Crucible for holding molten metal |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3345059A true US3345059A (en) | 1967-10-03 |
Family
ID=23743882
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US439238A Expired - Lifetime US3345059A (en) | 1965-03-12 | 1965-03-12 | Crucible for holding molten metal |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3345059A (en) |
BE (1) | BE677752A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1521564C3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1470946A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1098238A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6603129A (en) |
Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3437328A (en) * | 1967-04-13 | 1969-04-08 | Air Reduction | Powder crucibles |
US3492383A (en) * | 1967-05-12 | 1970-01-27 | Sulzer Ag | Process of manufacturing a crack resistant multi-layer furnace lining |
JPS5071522A (en) * | 1973-07-30 | 1975-06-13 | ||
JPS5091608A (en) * | 1973-12-19 | 1975-07-22 | ||
US3914527A (en) * | 1974-03-28 | 1975-10-21 | Wheeling Pittsburgh Steel Corp | Lining for zinc pot induction heater |
US3973076A (en) * | 1973-06-07 | 1976-08-03 | Lukens Steel Company | Furnace for melting highly corrosive slag |
US4149705A (en) * | 1977-06-08 | 1979-04-17 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Foundry ladle and method of making the same |
US4208043A (en) * | 1977-07-08 | 1980-06-17 | Granges Weda Ab | Holding vessel |
EP0051910A1 (en) * | 1980-11-10 | 1982-05-19 | Aikoh Co. Ltd. | A vessel for molten metal |
US4339115A (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1982-07-13 | Daussan Et Compagnie | Heat insulating lining for metallurgical vessels |
US4367866A (en) * | 1981-04-10 | 1983-01-11 | Sunbeam Equipment Corporation | Furnace adapted to contain molten metal |
US4399981A (en) * | 1980-10-01 | 1983-08-23 | Noemtak Ants | Vessel for molten metal |
FR2585273A1 (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1987-01-30 | Daussan & Co | COATING FOR PROTECTING THE INTERIOR OF A METALLURGICAL CONTAINER AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE COATING |
US4734031A (en) * | 1985-10-30 | 1988-03-29 | Micropore International Limited | Vessel for holding high temperature bulk materials |
US4773852A (en) * | 1985-06-11 | 1988-09-27 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Pyrolytic boron nitride crucible and method for producing the same |
US5120029A (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1992-06-09 | Durbin Robert J | Linings for crucible furnaces and transfer vessels and method of applying same |
US5158750A (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1992-10-27 | Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. | Boron nitride crucible |
US6245287B1 (en) | 1998-03-24 | 2001-06-12 | Nippon Crucible, Co., Ltd. | Molten metal vessel and molten metal holding furnace |
EP1139049A1 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-04 | Novatherm (Sarl) | Refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal |
US7194197B1 (en) * | 2000-03-16 | 2007-03-20 | Global Solar Energy, Inc. | Nozzle-based, vapor-phase, plume delivery structure for use in production of thin-film deposition layer |
WO2008003425A1 (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-10 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Apparatus for electron beam evaporation |
US20090255469A1 (en) * | 2008-04-15 | 2009-10-15 | Global Solar Energy, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for manufacturing thin-film solar cells |
DE102009014891A1 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-30 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Apparatus for evaporating material inside vacuum chamber, comprises vessel, in which material is evaporatable, where surface area of vessel outer wall is covered with porous heat-insulating layer, which is spaced with gap from outer wall |
US20110177622A1 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-07-21 | Global Solar Energy, Inc. | Apparatus and methods of mixing and depositing thin film photovoltaic compositions |
US20140004641A1 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2014-01-02 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Vapor deposition device, vapor deposition method, and method for producing organic el display device |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2557834A (en) * | 1949-02-23 | 1951-06-19 | Carborundum Co | Refractory glass wool |
US3079136A (en) * | 1961-04-26 | 1963-02-26 | Tyler S Soine | Reusable reaction vessel |
US3227431A (en) * | 1961-11-22 | 1966-01-04 | Nat Res Corp | Crucible externally lined with filamentary carbon |
-
1965
- 1965-03-12 US US439238A patent/US3345059A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1966
- 1966-03-09 NL NL6603129A patent/NL6603129A/xx unknown
- 1966-03-10 FR FR52830A patent/FR1470946A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-03-10 DE DE1521564A patent/DE1521564C3/en not_active Expired
- 1966-03-11 BE BE677752D patent/BE677752A/xx unknown
- 1966-03-14 GB GB11151/66A patent/GB1098238A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2557834A (en) * | 1949-02-23 | 1951-06-19 | Carborundum Co | Refractory glass wool |
US3079136A (en) * | 1961-04-26 | 1963-02-26 | Tyler S Soine | Reusable reaction vessel |
US3227431A (en) * | 1961-11-22 | 1966-01-04 | Nat Res Corp | Crucible externally lined with filamentary carbon |
Cited By (48)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3437328A (en) * | 1967-04-13 | 1969-04-08 | Air Reduction | Powder crucibles |
DE1758159B1 (en) * | 1967-04-13 | 1972-02-03 | Air Reduction | Process for the production of a surface-heated crucible for holding molten metal |
US3492383A (en) * | 1967-05-12 | 1970-01-27 | Sulzer Ag | Process of manufacturing a crack resistant multi-layer furnace lining |
US3973076A (en) * | 1973-06-07 | 1976-08-03 | Lukens Steel Company | Furnace for melting highly corrosive slag |
JPS5071522A (en) * | 1973-07-30 | 1975-06-13 | ||
JPS548448B2 (en) * | 1973-07-30 | 1979-04-16 | ||
JPS5091608A (en) * | 1973-12-19 | 1975-07-22 | ||
JPS5338282B2 (en) * | 1973-12-19 | 1978-10-14 | ||
US3914527A (en) * | 1974-03-28 | 1975-10-21 | Wheeling Pittsburgh Steel Corp | Lining for zinc pot induction heater |
US4149705A (en) * | 1977-06-08 | 1979-04-17 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Foundry ladle and method of making the same |
US4208043A (en) * | 1977-07-08 | 1980-06-17 | Granges Weda Ab | Holding vessel |
US4339115A (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1982-07-13 | Daussan Et Compagnie | Heat insulating lining for metallurgical vessels |
US4399981A (en) * | 1980-10-01 | 1983-08-23 | Noemtak Ants | Vessel for molten metal |
US4532092A (en) * | 1980-10-01 | 1985-07-30 | Noemtak Ants | Method of making a vessel for molten metal |
EP0051910A1 (en) * | 1980-11-10 | 1982-05-19 | Aikoh Co. Ltd. | A vessel for molten metal |
US4367866A (en) * | 1981-04-10 | 1983-01-11 | Sunbeam Equipment Corporation | Furnace adapted to contain molten metal |
US4773852A (en) * | 1985-06-11 | 1988-09-27 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Pyrolytic boron nitride crucible and method for producing the same |
US4913652A (en) * | 1985-06-11 | 1990-04-03 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Pyrolytic boron nitride crucible and method for producing the same |
FR2585273A1 (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1987-01-30 | Daussan & Co | COATING FOR PROTECTING THE INTERIOR OF A METALLURGICAL CONTAINER AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE COATING |
EP0214882A1 (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1987-03-18 | Daussan Et Compagnie | Protective lining for the interior of a metallurgical vessel, and process for making the lining |
US4799652A (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1989-01-24 | Daussan Et Compagnie | Lining for protecting the interior of a metallurgical vessel and a method for forming said lining |
AU586519B2 (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1989-07-13 | Daussan Et Compagnie | A lining for protecting the interior of a metallurgical vessel and a method for forming said lining |
US4734031A (en) * | 1985-10-30 | 1988-03-29 | Micropore International Limited | Vessel for holding high temperature bulk materials |
US5120029A (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1992-06-09 | Durbin Robert J | Linings for crucible furnaces and transfer vessels and method of applying same |
US5158750A (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1992-10-27 | Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. | Boron nitride crucible |
US6245287B1 (en) | 1998-03-24 | 2001-06-12 | Nippon Crucible, Co., Ltd. | Molten metal vessel and molten metal holding furnace |
US8059945B2 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2011-11-15 | Global Solar Energy, Inc. | Nozzle-based, vapor-phase, plume delivery structure for use in production of thin-film deposition layer |
US7194197B1 (en) * | 2000-03-16 | 2007-03-20 | Global Solar Energy, Inc. | Nozzle-based, vapor-phase, plume delivery structure for use in production of thin-film deposition layer |
US20070253686A1 (en) * | 2000-03-16 | 2007-11-01 | Wendt Robert G | Nozzle-based, vapor-phase, plume delivery structure for use in production of thin-film deposition layer |
US20080247738A1 (en) * | 2000-03-16 | 2008-10-09 | Wendt Robert G | Nozzle-based, vapor-phase, plume delivery structure for use in production of thin-film deposition layer |
US20080247737A1 (en) * | 2000-03-16 | 2008-10-09 | Wendt Robert G | Nozzle-based, vapor-phase, plume delivery structure for use in production of thin-film deposition layer |
US8190006B2 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2012-05-29 | Global Solar Energy, Inc. | Nozzle-based, vapor-phase, plume delivery structure for use in production of thin-film deposition layer |
US7760992B2 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2010-07-20 | Global Solar Energy, Inc. | Nozzle-based, vapor-phase, plume delivery structure for use in production of thin-film deposition layer |
US8184963B2 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2012-05-22 | Global Solar Energy, Inc. | Nozzle-based, vapor-phase, plume delivery structure for use in production of thin-film deposition layer |
EP1139049A1 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-04 | Novatherm (Sarl) | Refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal |
FR2807151A1 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-05 | Novatherm | REFRACTORY LINING FOR FURNACES CONTAINING FUSED METAL |
CN101484966B (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2012-05-30 | 弗劳恩霍弗实用研究促进协会 | Apparatus for electron beam evaporation |
WO2008003425A1 (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-10 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Apparatus for electron beam evaporation |
US20090255469A1 (en) * | 2008-04-15 | 2009-10-15 | Global Solar Energy, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for manufacturing thin-film solar cells |
US8198123B2 (en) | 2008-04-15 | 2012-06-12 | Global Solar Energy, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for manufacturing thin-film solar cells |
US8202368B2 (en) | 2008-04-15 | 2012-06-19 | Yakima Products, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for manufacturing thin-film solar cells |
US8980008B2 (en) | 2008-04-15 | 2015-03-17 | Hanergy Hi-Tech Power (Hk) Limited | Apparatus and methods for manufacturing thin-film solar cells |
US10312403B2 (en) | 2008-04-15 | 2019-06-04 | Global Solar Energy, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for manufacturing thin-film solar cells |
DE102009014891A1 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-30 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Apparatus for evaporating material inside vacuum chamber, comprises vessel, in which material is evaporatable, where surface area of vessel outer wall is covered with porous heat-insulating layer, which is spaced with gap from outer wall |
DE102009014891B4 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2012-12-27 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Device for vaporizing a material in a vacuum chamber |
US20110177622A1 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-07-21 | Global Solar Energy, Inc. | Apparatus and methods of mixing and depositing thin film photovoltaic compositions |
US20140004641A1 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2014-01-02 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Vapor deposition device, vapor deposition method, and method for producing organic el display device |
US9748526B2 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2017-08-29 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Vapor deposition device, vapor deposition method, and method for producing organic el display device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1521564B2 (en) | 1974-06-12 |
DE1521564A1 (en) | 1969-10-23 |
NL6603129A (en) | 1966-09-13 |
FR1470946A (en) | 1967-02-24 |
BE677752A (en) | 1966-09-12 |
GB1098238A (en) | 1968-01-10 |
DE1521564C3 (en) | 1975-01-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3345059A (en) | Crucible for holding molten metal | |
RU2358831C2 (en) | Heated flute for molten metal | |
JPS5987037A (en) | Sensor element used in chemical vapor deposition process performed in radiant absorbing type heater system | |
US3466662A (en) | Fireproof shielded containers for radioactive materials | |
US2925637A (en) | Manufacture of metal ingots and castings | |
EP0024037B1 (en) | A base for a kiln car | |
US3732068A (en) | Cylindrical elongated furnace for treating material at high temperature and under high pressure | |
JPS5781945A (en) | Container for molten metal | |
US3435881A (en) | Anisotropic continuous casting mold | |
US3491992A (en) | Vaporizing crucible | |
US2856657A (en) | Insulating cover | |
US2915384A (en) | Method of producing zirconium | |
RU2665860C2 (en) | Method of metalation of bulky blanks in the reactor of the plant for volumetric metalation, the design of the reactor and the method of its manufacturing | |
US3389823A (en) | Container for the storage and/or transportation of liquefied gases | |
SU567491A1 (en) | Device for settling of layers from a gaseous phase | |
ES435917A1 (en) | Process for producing vessels for containing reactive molten metal | |
JPS6342095Y2 (en) | ||
JPS6328190Y2 (en) | ||
US1637486A (en) | Electric furnace | |
JPS6043913B2 (en) | Crucible for evaporation source | |
SU1543212A1 (en) | Furnace lining | |
US1838163A (en) | Combined receiver and holder | |
US2016914A (en) | Furnace | |
US4290475A (en) | Ingot casting | |
US1404427A (en) | Furnace, kiln, or the like |