US2996372A - Lump ores and methods of producing them - Google Patents
Lump ores and methods of producing them Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2996372A US2996372A US749546A US74954658A US2996372A US 2996372 A US2996372 A US 2996372A US 749546 A US749546 A US 749546A US 74954658 A US74954658 A US 74954658A US 2996372 A US2996372 A US 2996372A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ore
- finely divided
- added
- calcium
- iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 30
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 28
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 21
- UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N dexamethasone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@]2(F)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@@H](C)[C@@](C(=O)CO)(O)[C@@]1(C)C[C@@H]2O UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 8
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 8
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- BDDLHHRCDSJVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7028-40-2 Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O BDDLHHRCDSJVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- -1 starches and sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000861718 Chloris <Aves> Species 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical class [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011396 hydraulic cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011160 magnesium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KJONHKAYOJNZEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrazepam Chemical compound C12=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C2NC(=O)CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 KJONHKAYOJNZEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
Definitions
- This invention relates to lump ores and to methods of producing them and particularly to a lump ore and method of producing such an ore from finely divided materials containing metals in the metallic state, as metallic compounds such as oxides or mixtures thereof.
- the invention is particularly adapted to the production of lump iron ores from finely divided iron ores, blast furnace flue dust and other sources of iron and iron compounds which are available in a fine state of subdivision.
- the lump ores produced according to my invention are free from the objections common to the presently used ores produced by sintering, pelletizing and nodulizing finely divided materials.
- the lump ore of this invention has the desirable thermal and chemical characteristics of natural lump ore, and has the strength and resistance to crushing characteristic of natural lumpores.
- the lump ore of this invention is, moreover, free from undesirable added impurities, contains bonding materials similar to the fiuxing materials normally used in metallurgical practices and may be formed of blended or mixed iron-containing materials.
- Amberg application Serial No. 470,523 previously re ferred to provides a method of forming lump ore products from finely divided metal containing material by bonding the materials together with an alkaline earth carbonate and formed by mixing the finely divided metal containing material with an oxide or hydroxide of calcium, mixed calcium and magnesium in the presence of mixture within 2,995,372 Patented Aug. 15, 1961 specific limits forming the lumps and treating them with carbonic acid gas.
- This practice produces a lump ore product having highly desirable characteristics and being superior to anything previously available. I have found, however, that the product of the Amberg application can be significantly improved particularly when finely divided high calcium oxides or hydroxides are used in the mixture.
- solubilizing agents for calcium and magnesium such as soluble carbohydrates (sugars, sugar containing materials and starches), Versene (the sodium salt of ethylene-diamene tetra acetic acid [see Handbook of Material Trade Names, Zinnnerman and Lavine, 1953 ed.]) and like agents to the mixture prior to carbonation will significantly improve the resistance of the lump ores to crushing and disintegration under impact and at the same time markedly increase the rate of carbonation.
- solubilizing agents for'calcium and magnesium oxides and hydroxides particularly in the range .025 to 2% by weight will more than double the resistance of the lump ores to physical attrition.
- EXAMPLE I A low ignition hematite ore from Venezuela commonly designated as Venz Lilo Ore was mixed with 3.5% of dolomitic monohydrated lime known in the trade as Ohio Superfine. This material is 99% minus 325 mesh. To this mixture was added 9% by Weight of water on the basis of the weight of the ore. This mixture was divided into four parts. Into one part was added 0.20% calcium chloride. To another part was added 0.35% blackstrap Table I Percent by Average Weight Tumble Test Material Venz Lilo Ore Ohio Superfine Water Venz Lilo Ore... Ohio Superfine- Oalcium Chlorld Ohio Superfine Blackstrap Molasses" Wat new or o w omcncnoeoou Ohio Superfine” Blackstrap M0lasses. Calcium Chloride.
- EXAMPLE II The same Venezuelan ore as in Example I was mixed with 5% of the same lime as in Example I and 9% water by weight on the weight of the ore. This mixture was divided into six parts. To one part was added .2% calcium chloride. To the next part was added .5 blackstrap molasses. To the next part was added .5% blackstrap molasses and .2% calcium chloride. To the fourth part was added .25 sucrose. To the fifth part was added .25% sucrose and .2% calcium chloride. All percentages are by weight on the weight of the ore. The six parts were briquetted and treated with an atmosphere of 100% carbon dioxide for 2 /2 hours, After carbonation, the
- Example II The same Venezuelan ore as Example I was mixed with 5% by weight of a high calcium hydrated limefrom Newton, New Jersey, called in the trade Limecrest Hydrate. .This material is. 84% minus 325 mesh. 1 9% water was added to the mixture. The mixture was then divided into two parts. To one part was added 20% calcium chloride. To the second part was added 50% sucrose and 20% calcium chloride.- The mixture was briquetted, carbonated and tumbled as in Example I. The results of the tumble test are shown in Table'V.
- EXAMPLE VI The same Venezuelan ore as Example I was mixed with 5% 'by weight of a high calcium hydrated lime from Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, called in the trade Na ional Gypsum #261 This material is 98% minus 325 mesh.
- EXAMPLE VII The same Venezuelan ore as in Example I was mixed with 5% by weight of Corson Regular lime and 9% water. The mixture was divided into four portions. To each portion was added .2% calcium chloride. To one portion was added .25% corn syrup. To the second portion was added .5% corn syrup. To the third portion was added .35 corn starch. To the fourth portion was added .65 corn starch. These mixtures were all briquetted, carbonated and tumbled in the same manner as in Example I. The tumble test results appear in Table VII.
- Example II ene (tetna sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid) and 0.2% calcium chloride. Briquettes were formed, carbonated and tumbled as in Example I. The tumble test was 76. Repeating with 0.05% Versene gave a tumble test of 82.
- the method of producing lump ore from finely divided iron containing materials comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the group consisting of the oxides and hydroxides of alkaline earth metals and with a material capable of solubilizing alkaline earth metals selected from the group consisting of water soluble carbohydrates and the sodiurn salt of ethylene-diamine tetra acetic acid, forming the mixture into lumps and reacting the resulting lumps with carbon dioxide in the presence of moisture to form alkaline earth carbonates prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace.
- the method of producing lump ore from finely divided iron-containing materials comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the group consisting-of theoxides and hydroxides of alkaline earth metals and mixtures thereof, with a sugar containing material, forming the mixture into lumps, and reacting the resulting lumps With carbon dioxide in the presence of moisture to form alkaline earth carbonates prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace.
- the method of producing lump ore from finely divided iron-containing materials comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the group consisting of the oxides and hydroxides of alkaline earth metals and a material capable of solubi-li'zing alkaline earth metals selected from the group consisting of Water soluble carbohydrates and the sodium salt of ethylene-dimtine tetra acetic acid, forming the mixture into lumps and reacting the resulting mixture with carbonic acid gas in the presence of up to about moisture and at least one soluble salt from the group consisting of the chlorides, sulfates and carbonates of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and iron to form alkaline earth carbonates prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace.
- the method of producing lump orefrom finely divided iron-containing materials comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and a soluble carbohydrate in the presence of moisture, forming the resulting mixture into lumps and reacting the formed lumps with carbonic acid gas in the presence of up to about 10% moisture prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace to cause crystallization of calcium carbonates in the interstices of the formed lumps.
- the method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containing materials comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and at least one sugar containing material, forming the mixture into lumps, and reacting the resulting mixture with carbon dioxide in the presence of up to about 10% moisture prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace whereby to form calcium carbonate in the formed lumps.
- the method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containing materials comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of calciumtogether with at least one starch containing material and reacting the resulting mixture with carbon dioxide in the presence of up to about 10% moisture prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace whereby to form calcium carbonate in the formed lumps.
- the method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containing materials comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of magnesium and calcium and reacting the resulting mixture prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace with carbonic acid gas to form magnesium and calcium carbonates in the presence of up to about 10% moisture, at least one soluble salt from the group consisting of the chlorides of the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and iron and at least one solubilizing agent for magnesium and calcium selected from the group consisting of Water soluble carbohydrates and the sodium salt of ethylene-diamene tetra acetic acid. 7
- the method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containing materials comprising the. steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and glucose in the presence of moisture, forming the resulting mixture into lumps and reactingt-he formed lumps prior to charging infa metallurgical furnace with carbonic acid gas in the presence of up to about 10% moisture to cause crystallizationof calcium carbonate in the interstices of the formed lumps.
- the method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containing materials comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and maltose in the presence of moisture, forming the resulting mixture into lumps and reacting the formed lumps prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace with carbonic acid gas in the presence of up to about 10% moisture to cause crystallization of calcium carbonate in the interstices of the formedlumps.
- the method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containing materials comprising the steps of admixing the finelydivided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and dextrose in the presence of moisture, forming the resulting mixture into lumps and reacting the formed lumps prior to charging in a metallurgicaliurnace with carbonic acid gas in the presence of up to about 10% moisture to cause crystallization of calcium carbonate in the interstices of the formed lumps.
- the method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided. iron-containing materials comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides of hydroxides and calcium and fructose in the presence of moisture, forming the resulting mixture into lumps and reacting the formed lumps prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace with carbonic acid gas in the presence of up to about 10% moisture to cause crystallization of calcium canbonate in the interstices of the formed lumps.
- the method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containingrnaterials comprising the steps of admixing the finely ground material with at least one of the group consisting of the alkaline earth metal oxides and hydroxides in an amount equivalent to about 2% to 8% of oxide based on the dry weight of the ore,
- a solubilizing agent for alkalinefearth metals selected from the group consisting of Water soluble carbohydrates and the sodium salt or ethylenediamirie tetra acetic'acid, forming the resulting mixture intolumps in the presence of up to about 10% moisture, and reacting the formed lumps with carbon dioxide to convert at least a part of the admixed member of the group'oxide, and hydroxide to carbonate, prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace.
- a lump ore product produced fror'n'finely divided iron-containing materials comprising a formed matrix of said finely dividediiron material bound together by alkaline earth metal carbonate formed in situ by the steps of admixing the iron material with a material selected from the group consisting of oxides and bydroxides of alkaline earth materials, a material selected from the group consisting of Water soluble carbohydrates and the sodium salt of ethylene-diamine tetra acetic acid, and reacting the mixture. with carbon dioxide in the presence of up to 10% moisture.
Description
Aug. 15, 1961 e. IMPERATO, JR 2,996,372
LUMP ORES AND METHODS OF PRODUCING THEM Filed July 18, 1958 INVENTOR Louis George lmperuto,Jr.
2,996,372 LUMP ORES AND METHODS OF PRODUCING THEM Louis George Imperato, Jr., Wharton, N.J., assignor to Blocked Iron Corporation, Albany, N.Y., a corporation of New York Filed July 18, 1958, Ser. No. 749,546 '13 Claims. (Cl. 75-3) This invention relates to lump ores and to methods of producing them and particularly to a lump ore and method of producing such an ore from finely divided materials containing metals in the metallic state, as metallic compounds such as oxides or mixtures thereof. The invention is particularly adapted to the production of lump iron ores from finely divided iron ores, blast furnace flue dust and other sources of iron and iron compounds which are available in a fine state of subdivision.
This application is an improvement over the lump ores and methods of producing them disclosed in copending application Serial No. 470,523, filed November 22, 1954, in the name of Charles W. Amberg and assigned to the same assignee, now Patent No. 2,844,457, granted July 22, 195 8.
In the case of iron ore, for example, natural reserves of high grade lump ores are rapidly being depleted by selective mining. It has been increasingly necessary to utilize the more finely divided high grade ores as well as to turn to low grade ores which must be beneficiated. In using such ores it is not uncommon to find them in size ranges such that they pass through a 200 to 325 mesh. In addition to these finely divided natural ores there are large quantities of blast furnace flue dust, fine scale, and similar other sources of iron and iron compounds available in the finely divided state for use in iron and steelmaking processes. However, these materials, because of their fineness, tend to fuse and bridge over or to be flushed out with the early slag before accomplishing their metallurgical function in the open hearth steel-making furnace or to be carried out through the top of the blast furnace in iron making and are not suitable in their naturally occurring condition for use in open-hearth steel-making furnaces or in blast furnaces. In order to take advantage of these materials, it has been the practice to take these finely divided materials and either sinter, pelletize or nodulize them by heating to high temperatures or by bonding them together with hydraulic cement. All of these practices are relatively expensive and in some in stances are undesirable because of the increased amounts of impurities such as silica and alumina which are introduced into the ore by the bonding practice.
I have discovered an improved lump ore product pro duced from such finely divided materials and a method of producing it. The lump ores produced according to my invention are free from the objections common to the presently used ores produced by sintering, pelletizing and nodulizing finely divided materials. The lump ore of this invention has the desirable thermal and chemical characteristics of natural lump ore, and has the strength and resistance to crushing characteristic of natural lumpores. The lump ore of this invention is, moreover, free from undesirable added impurities, contains bonding materials similar to the fiuxing materials normally used in metallurgical practices and may be formed of blended or mixed iron-containing materials.
Amberg application Serial No. 470,523 previously re ferred to provides a method of forming lump ore products from finely divided metal containing material by bonding the materials together with an alkaline earth carbonate and formed by mixing the finely divided metal containing material with an oxide or hydroxide of calcium, mixed calcium and magnesium in the presence of mixture within 2,995,372 Patented Aug. 15, 1961 specific limits forming the lumps and treating them with carbonic acid gas. This practice produces a lump ore product having highly desirable characteristics and being superior to anything previously available. I have found, however, that the product of the Amberg application can be significantly improved particularly when finely divided high calcium oxides or hydroxides are used in the mixture. I have discovered that the addition of solubilizing agents for calcium and magnesium such as soluble carbohydrates (sugars, sugar containing materials and starches), Versene (the sodium salt of ethylene-diamene tetra acetic acid [see Handbook of Material Trade Names, Zinnnerman and Lavine, 1953 ed.]) and like agents to the mixture prior to carbonation will significantly improve the resistance of the lump ores to crushing and disintegration under impact and at the same time markedly increase the rate of carbonation. I have found that the addition of small amounts of certain solubilizing agents for'calcium and magnesium oxides and hydroxides, particularly in the range .025 to 2% by weight will more than double the resistance of the lump ores to physical attrition. The invention can perhaps best be explained by reference to the following examples which show the significance of the practice according to my invention:
EXAMPLE I A low ignition hematite ore from Venezuela commonly designated as Venz Lilo Ore was mixed with 3.5% of dolomitic monohydrated lime known in the trade as Ohio Superfine. This material is 99% minus 325 mesh. To this mixture was added 9% by Weight of water on the basis of the weight of the ore. This mixture was divided into four parts. Into one part was added 0.20% calcium chloride. To another part was added 0.35% blackstrap Table I Percent by Average Weight Tumble Test Material Venz Lilo Ore Ohio Superfine Water Venz Lilo Ore... Ohio Superfine- Oalcium Chlorld Ohio Superfine Blackstrap Molasses" Wat new or o w omcncnoeoou Ohio Superfine" Blackstrap M0lasses. Calcium Chloride.
EXAMPLE II The same Venezuelan ore as in Example I was mixed with 5% of the same lime as in Example I and 9% water by weight on the weight of the ore. This mixture was divided into six parts. To one part was added .2% calcium chloride. To the next part was added .5 blackstrap molasses. To the next part was added .5% blackstrap molasses and .2% calcium chloride. To the fourth part was added .25 sucrose. To the fifth part was added .25% sucrose and .2% calcium chloride. All percentages are by weight on the weight of the ore. The six parts were briquetted and treated with an atmosphere of 100% carbon dioxide for 2 /2 hours, After carbonation, the
molasses.
briquets were tumbled as in Example I. The results are shown in Table II.
Table II EXAMPLE III The same Venezuelan ore as in Example I was mixed with 3 /2%. by weight on the Weight of the-ore-of a dolomitic monohydrated lime from Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania, known inthe trade as Corso-n Regular. 88-92% of this material is minus 325 mesh. To this was added 9% water. The mixture was divided into four portions. To one portion was added .2% calcium chloride. To the second portion was added .35 blackstrap To the third portion Was added 35% blackstrap molasses and .2% calcium chloride. The four pertions were briquetted and subjected toan atmosphere of 100% carbon dioxide for 2 /2 hours. The resulting briquets were tumbled as in Example I.- The results appear in Table 111.
Table III Percent by Average Material Weight Tumble Test Venz Lilo Ore 100 Oorscn Regular. 3. 38 Water.. 9 V Venz Lilo Ore..- 100 Gersen Regular.- 3. 5 42 Calcium Chloride... O. 2 Water 9 Venz Lilo Ore. 100 Corson Regular.- 3. 5 71 Blackstrap Melasses.- 0. 33 100 3. 5 0.35 85 0.2 Water 9 EXAMPLE IV The same Venezuelan ore as in Example I was mixed with 5% by weight of Corson Regular lime and 9% water. The mixture was divided into eleven portions. To one portion was added .2% calcium chloride. Tothe other portion was added .25 blackstrap molasses. To the third portion was added .25% blackstrap molasses and .2% calcium chloride. To the fourth portion was added .5% blackstrap molasses. To the fifth portion was added .1% sucrose. To the sixth portion was added .1 sucrose and .2% calcium chloride. To the seventh portion was added .25 maltose. .To the eighth portion was added .25 maltose and .2% calcium chloride. To the ninth portion was added .25 dextrose. To the tenth portion was added .25 dextrose and .2% calcium chloride. These mixtures were all briquetted, carbonated and tumbled in the same manner as Example I. The tumble test results appear in Table IV.
Table IV Percent by Average Material Weight Tumble Test Venz Lilo Ore 100 Corson Regular. 5 57 Water. 9 Venz Lilo Ore--. 100 Corson Regular. 5 63 Calcium Chloride. 0.2 Water 9 Venz Lilo Ore.-. 100 Corson Regular. 5 73 Blackstrap Molasse 0.25 Water 9 Venz Lilo Ore. 100 Corson Regular. 7 5 Blackstrap Mela 0. 25 81 Calcium Chloride. 0.2 Water 9 Venz Lilo Ore..- 100 Cerson Regular. 5 Sucrose.. 0.1
Water 9 Venz Lilo Ore 100 Oorson Regular... 5 Sucrose 0.1 83 Calcium Chloride-.. 0. 2 Water 9 Venz Lilo Ore 100 Corson Regular 5 59 Maltese 0.25
Water 9 enz Lilo Ore 100 Ccrson Regular. 5
Water 9 Venz Lilo Ore 100 Corson Regular 5 61 Dextrose 0. 23 100 Cor-son Regular 5 Dextrose O. 25 76 Calcium Chloride-.. O. 2
Water V 9 This basic mixture of Venz Lilo Ore, Corson Regular and water was also varied with from 0.25% to 2% blackstrap molasses with almost uniform results. The same uniform good results were obtained 'by varying the amount of sucrose from 0.1% to 1%, maltose from 0.25% to-2% and dextrose from 0.25% to 2%.
' EXAMPLE v The same Venezuelan ore as Example I was mixed with 5% by weight of a high calcium hydrated limefrom Newton, New Jersey, called in the trade Limecrest Hydrate. .This material is. 84% minus 325 mesh. 1 9% water was added to the mixture. The mixture was then divided into two parts. To one part was added 20% calcium chloride. To the second part was added 50% sucrose and 20% calcium chloride.- The mixture was briquetted, carbonated and tumbled as in Example I. The results of the tumble test are shown in Table'V.
EXAMPLE VI The same Venezuelan ore as Example I was mixed with 5% 'by weight of a high calcium hydrated lime from Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, called in the trade Na ional Gypsum #261 This material is 98% minus 325 mesh.
9% water was added to the mixture. The mixture was then divided into three parts. To one part was added .2% calcium chloride. To the second part was added .1% blackstrap molasses and .2% calcium chloride. The mixtures were briquetted, carbonated and tumbled as in Example I. The results of the tumble test are shown in Table VI.
Several briquettes from the second portion were tumbled without carbonation and the tumble test reading was only 8.
EXAMPLE VII The same Venezuelan ore as in Example I was mixed with 5% by weight of Corson Regular lime and 9% water. The mixture was divided into four portions. To each portion was added .2% calcium chloride. To one portion was added .25% corn syrup. To the second portion was added .5% corn syrup. To the third portion was added .35 corn starch. To the fourth portion was added .65 corn starch. These mixtures were all briquetted, carbonated and tumbled in the same manner as in Example I. The tumble test results appear in Table VII.
Table VII Percent by Average Material Weight Tumble Test Corn Syrup 0.25 88 Calcium Chlori 0. 2 Water 9 Venz Lilo Ore 100 Corson Regular 5 Corn Syrup... 89 Calcium Chlori 0 2 Water 9 Venz Lilo Ore---" 100 Corson Regular 5 Corn Starch 0.35 68 Calcium Chlonde. 0. 2 Water 9 Venz Lilo Ore 100 Corson Regul 5 Corn Starch 0.65 72 Calcium Chloride 0. 2 Water 9 EXAMPLE VIII Liberian Ore fines (magnetite) was mixed with 3 /2% by weight on the weight of the ore of a different dolomitic monohydrated lime from Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania, and known in the trade as Corson Regular. 88- 92% of this material is minus 325 mesh. To this was added 7% water. The mixture was divided into two portions. To one portion was added .2% calcium chloride. To the second portion was added .35 blackstrap molasses and .2% calcium chloride. The two portions were briquetted and subjected to an atmosphere of 100% carbon dioxide for 2 /2 hours. The resulting briquettes were tumbled as in Example I. The results appear in Table VIII.
Table VIII Percent by Average Material Weight Tumble Test Liberian Ore Fines Corson Regular. 3. 5 38 Calcium Chlorld 0. 2 Water 7 Liberian Ore Fines- 100 Corson Regular 3. 5 Blackstrap Molasses 0.35 78 Calcium Chloride 0. 2 Water 7 EXAMPLE IX The same Liberian Ore fines of Example VII'I were mixed with 5% by weight on the weight of the ore of Corson Regular lime. To this was added 7% water. The mixture was divided into two portions. To one portion was added 0.2% calcium chloride. To the other portion was added 0.2% calcium chloride and 0.5% blackstrap molasses. The two portions were subject to an atmosphere of 100% carbon dioxide for 2 /2 hours. The resulting briquettes were tumbled as in Example I. The results appear in Table IX.
ene (tetna sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid) and 0.2% calcium chloride. Briquettes were formed, carbonated and tumbled as in Example I. The tumble test was 76. Repeating with 0.05% Versene gave a tumble test of 82.
Similar results were obtained with mixtures containing up to 1% Versene.
Comparison of the foregoing test results will show that soluble carbohydrates such as starches and sugars, either as crystalline materials or as syrups and other solubilizing agents for calcium and magnesium such as Versene are efiective to markedly increase the rate of formation of hardened briquettes and to reduce the degree of attrition of briquettes from tumbling as shown by the screen residue tests.
The very significant increase in rate of formation is illustrated in the accompanying drawing showing comparative results of rate tests made by carbonating briquettes made of a mixture of 100 parts Venz Lilo ore, 0.2 part calcium chloride, and 5 parts Ohio superfine lime, with and without the addition of 0.5 part of molasses for varied periods of time and tumbling the resulting briquettes as in the case of Example 1.
While I have described certain preferred practices and products according to my invention, it will be understood that this invention may be otherwise practiced within the scope of the following claims.
I claim:
1. The method of producing lump ore from finely divided iron containing materials, comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the group consisting of the oxides and hydroxides of alkaline earth metals and with a material capable of solubilizing alkaline earth metals selected from the group consisting of water soluble carbohydrates and the sodiurn salt of ethylene-diamine tetra acetic acid, forming the mixture into lumps and reacting the resulting lumps with carbon dioxide in the presence of moisture to form alkaline earth carbonates prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace. p W
2. The method of producing lump ore from finely divided iron-containing materials, comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the group consisting-of theoxides and hydroxides of alkaline earth metals and mixtures thereof, with a sugar containing material, forming the mixture into lumps, and reacting the resulting lumps With carbon dioxide in the presence of moisture to form alkaline earth carbonates prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace.
3. The method of producing lump ore from finely divided iron-containing materials, comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the group consisting of the oxides and hydroxides of alkaline earth metals and a material capable of solubi-li'zing alkaline earth metals selected from the group consisting of Water soluble carbohydrates and the sodium salt of ethylene-dimtine tetra acetic acid, forming the mixture into lumps and reacting the resulting mixture with carbonic acid gas in the presence of up to about moisture and at least one soluble salt from the group consisting of the chlorides, sulfates and carbonates of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and iron to form alkaline earth carbonates prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace.
4. The method of producing lump orefrom finely divided iron-containing materials, comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and a soluble carbohydrate in the presence of moisture, forming the resulting mixture into lumps and reacting the formed lumps with carbonic acid gas in the presence of up to about 10% moisture prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace to cause crystallization of calcium carbonates in the interstices of the formed lumps.
5. The method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containing materials, comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and at least one sugar containing material, forming the mixture into lumps, and reacting the resulting mixture with carbon dioxide in the presence of up to about 10% moisture prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace whereby to form calcium carbonate in the formed lumps.
6. The method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containing materials, comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of calciumtogether with at least one starch containing material and reacting the resulting mixture with carbon dioxide in the presence of up to about 10% moisture prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace whereby to form calcium carbonate in the formed lumps.
7. The method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containing materials, comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of magnesium and calcium and reacting the resulting mixture prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace with carbonic acid gas to form magnesium and calcium carbonates in the presence of up to about 10% moisture, at least one soluble salt from the group consisting of the chlorides of the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and iron and at least one solubilizing agent for magnesium and calcium selected from the group consisting of Water soluble carbohydrates and the sodium salt of ethylene-diamene tetra acetic acid. 7
8. The method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containing materials, comprising the. steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and glucose in the presence of moisture, forming the resulting mixture into lumps and reactingt-he formed lumps prior to charging infa metallurgical furnace with carbonic acid gas in the presence of up to about 10% moisture to cause crystallizationof calcium carbonate in the interstices of the formed lumps.
9. The method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containing materials, comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and maltose in the presence of moisture, forming the resulting mixture into lumps and reacting the formed lumps prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace with carbonic acid gas in the presence of up to about 10% moisture to cause crystallization of calcium carbonate in the interstices of the formedlumps. i
10. The method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containing materials, comprising the steps of admixing the finelydivided material with at least one of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and dextrose in the presence of moisture, forming the resulting mixture into lumps and reacting the formed lumps prior to charging in a metallurgicaliurnace with carbonic acid gas in the presence of up to about 10% moisture to cause crystallization of calcium carbonate in the interstices of the formed lumps.
11. The method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided. iron-containing materials, comprising the steps of admixing the finely divided material with at least one of the oxides of hydroxides and calcium and fructose in the presence of moisture, forming the resulting mixture into lumps and reacting the formed lumps prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace with carbonic acid gas in the presence of up to about 10% moisture to cause crystallization of calcium canbonate in the interstices of the formed lumps.
12. The method of producing lump iron ore from finely divided iron-containingrnaterials, comprising the steps of admixing the finely ground material with at least one of the group consisting of the alkaline earth metal oxides and hydroxides in an amount equivalent to about 2% to 8% of oxide based on the dry weight of the ore,
and from about 0.025% to 2% by weight of a solubilizing agent for alkalinefearth metals selected from the group consisting of Water soluble carbohydrates and the sodium salt or ethylenediamirie tetra acetic'acid, forming the resulting mixture intolumps in the presence of up to about 10% moisture, and reacting the formed lumps with carbon dioxide to convert at least a part of the admixed member of the group'oxide, and hydroxide to carbonate, prior to charging in a metallurgical furnace.
13. A lump ore product produced fror'n'finely divided iron-containing materials; comprising a formed matrix of said finely dividediiron material bound together by alkaline earth metal carbonate formed in situ by the steps of admixing the iron material with a material selected from the group consisting of oxides and bydroxides of alkaline earth materials, a material selected from the group consisting of Water soluble carbohydrates and the sodium salt of ethylene-diamine tetra acetic acid, and reacting the mixture. with carbon dioxide in the presence of up to 10% moisture.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 854,527 7 Pollacsek May 21, 1907 2,373,244 Holz Apr. 10, 1945 2,417,493 Holz Mar. 18, 1947 2,771,355 Cohen L Nov. 20, 1956 2,792,298 Freeman L May 14, 1957 2,833,642 Barker et a1; May 6, 1958 2,844,457 Amberg July22, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 205,063 Great Britain Feb. 18, 1925 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No 2,996,372 August 15,, 1961 4 I Louis George Iniperato, Jr. D
It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered pat entrequiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.
Column 8, line 30-, for "of hydroxides and'f read and hydroxides of Signed and sealed this 6th day of February 1962.
(SEAL) Attest:
ERNEST W. SWIDER DAVID L. LADD Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents
Claims (1)
1. THE METHOD OF PRODUCING LUMP ORE FROM FINELY DIVIDED IRON CONTAINING MATERIALS, COMPRISING THE STEPS OF ADMIXING THE FINELY DIVIDED MATERIAL WITH AT LEAST ONE OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF THE OXIDES AND HYDROXIDES OF ALKALINE EARTH METALS AND WITH A MATERIAL CAPABLE OF SOLUBILIZING ALKALINE EARTH METALS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF WATER SOLUBLE CARBOHYDRATES AND THE SODIUM SALT OF ETHYLENE-DIAMINE TETRA ACETIC ACID, FORMING THE MIXTURE INTO LUMPS AND REACTING THE RESULTING LUMPS WITH CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF MOISTURE TO FORM ALKALINE EARTH CARBONATES PRIOR TO CHARGING IN A METALLURGICAL FURNACE.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US749546A US2996372A (en) | 1958-07-18 | 1958-07-18 | Lump ores and methods of producing them |
| SE6750/59A SE306755B (en) | 1958-07-18 | 1959-07-17 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US749546A US2996372A (en) | 1958-07-18 | 1958-07-18 | Lump ores and methods of producing them |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2996372A true US2996372A (en) | 1961-08-15 |
Family
ID=25014198
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US749546A Expired - Lifetime US2996372A (en) | 1958-07-18 | 1958-07-18 | Lump ores and methods of producing them |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2996372A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE306755B (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3215520A (en) * | 1964-05-27 | 1965-11-02 | Blocked Iron Corp | Method of producing lump ores |
| US3382063A (en) * | 1964-06-10 | 1968-05-07 | Blocked Iron Corp | Ore agglomerates and methods of making the same |
| US3437474A (en) * | 1967-10-02 | 1969-04-08 | Blocked Iron Corp | Method of making ore agglomerates |
| US3653874A (en) * | 1970-01-02 | 1972-04-04 | Koppers Co Inc | Production of metal pellets from metallic oxides |
| US4273575A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1981-06-16 | Mineracoes Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. | Process for transforming fines of iron or manganese into raw-material for sintering |
| EP1942201A1 (en) * | 2007-01-04 | 2008-07-09 | China Steel Corporation | Ore sintering composition and ore sintering method |
| US20100005928A1 (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2010-01-14 | Mesabi Nugget Llc | Method for producing agglomerated material |
| RU2518024C1 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2014-06-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Полипласт Новомосковск" | Binder for production of metallurgical and coal briquettes |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US854527A (en) * | 1904-10-18 | 1907-05-21 | Emil Pollacsek | Process of preparing and reducing ores. |
| GB205063A (en) * | 1922-10-03 | 1925-02-18 | Albert Leeds Stillman | Improvements in or relating to processes of agglomerating loose materials |
| US2373244A (en) * | 1943-08-19 | 1945-04-10 | Holz Frank | Blast furnace process |
| US2417493A (en) * | 1943-05-14 | 1947-03-18 | Holz Frank | Metallurgical briquette and method of making same |
| US2771355A (en) * | 1954-12-06 | 1956-11-20 | Cohen Harry | Agglomerating ores in the blast furnace |
| US2792298A (en) * | 1954-04-09 | 1957-05-14 | Freeman Horace | Iron oxide reduction |
| US2833642A (en) * | 1954-11-10 | 1958-05-06 | Gen Mills Inc | Binder additive for making ore pellets |
| US2844457A (en) * | 1954-11-22 | 1958-07-22 | Blocked Iron Corp | Lump ores and methods of producing them |
-
1958
- 1958-07-18 US US749546A patent/US2996372A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1959
- 1959-07-17 SE SE6750/59A patent/SE306755B/xx unknown
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US854527A (en) * | 1904-10-18 | 1907-05-21 | Emil Pollacsek | Process of preparing and reducing ores. |
| GB205063A (en) * | 1922-10-03 | 1925-02-18 | Albert Leeds Stillman | Improvements in or relating to processes of agglomerating loose materials |
| US2417493A (en) * | 1943-05-14 | 1947-03-18 | Holz Frank | Metallurgical briquette and method of making same |
| US2373244A (en) * | 1943-08-19 | 1945-04-10 | Holz Frank | Blast furnace process |
| US2792298A (en) * | 1954-04-09 | 1957-05-14 | Freeman Horace | Iron oxide reduction |
| US2833642A (en) * | 1954-11-10 | 1958-05-06 | Gen Mills Inc | Binder additive for making ore pellets |
| US2844457A (en) * | 1954-11-22 | 1958-07-22 | Blocked Iron Corp | Lump ores and methods of producing them |
| US2771355A (en) * | 1954-12-06 | 1956-11-20 | Cohen Harry | Agglomerating ores in the blast furnace |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3215520A (en) * | 1964-05-27 | 1965-11-02 | Blocked Iron Corp | Method of producing lump ores |
| US3382063A (en) * | 1964-06-10 | 1968-05-07 | Blocked Iron Corp | Ore agglomerates and methods of making the same |
| US3437474A (en) * | 1967-10-02 | 1969-04-08 | Blocked Iron Corp | Method of making ore agglomerates |
| US3653874A (en) * | 1970-01-02 | 1972-04-04 | Koppers Co Inc | Production of metal pellets from metallic oxides |
| US4273575A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1981-06-16 | Mineracoes Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. | Process for transforming fines of iron or manganese into raw-material for sintering |
| US20100005928A1 (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2010-01-14 | Mesabi Nugget Llc | Method for producing agglomerated material |
| US7955412B2 (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2011-06-07 | Mesabi Nugget Llc | Method for producing agglomerated material |
| EP1942201A1 (en) * | 2007-01-04 | 2008-07-09 | China Steel Corporation | Ore sintering composition and ore sintering method |
| RU2518024C1 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2014-06-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Полипласт Новомосковск" | Binder for production of metallurgical and coal briquettes |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE306755B (en) | 1968-12-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3966456A (en) | Process of using olivine in a blast furnace | |
| US3309196A (en) | Fluxing agent | |
| US3765869A (en) | Method of producing iron-ore pellets | |
| US2996372A (en) | Lump ores and methods of producing them | |
| US2844457A (en) | Lump ores and methods of producing them | |
| EP1306452A2 (en) | Method for making metal oxide agglomerates | |
| JP5078985B2 (en) | Production method of agglomerates | |
| CN112301215A (en) | Iron ore concentrate for improving low-temperature reduction degradation rate of iron ore sinter and preparation method thereof | |
| US3437474A (en) | Method of making ore agglomerates | |
| US3865574A (en) | Process for the production of low-sulfur prereduced iron pellets | |
| US3617254A (en) | Method of making ore agglomerates | |
| US1994379A (en) | Iron-bearing briquette and method of making the same | |
| US3382063A (en) | Ore agglomerates and methods of making the same | |
| US4518428A (en) | Agglomerates containing olivine | |
| US2727815A (en) | Method for the smelting of iron ores | |
| US3060042A (en) | Production of dead burned grain | |
| US1994378A (en) | Iron-bearing briquette and method of making the same | |
| US3547623A (en) | Method of recovering iron oxide from fume containing zinc and/or lead and sulfur and iron oxide particles | |
| US3879514A (en) | Method of producing burned crystalline carbonate minerals | |
| US2480901A (en) | Process for preparing fluxing materials | |
| US3635694A (en) | Method of manufacturing manganese oxide pellets | |
| US4963185A (en) | Agglomerates containing olivine for use in blast furnace | |
| US3215520A (en) | Method of producing lump ores | |
| US2080028A (en) | Process for producing sponge iron | |
| US3097945A (en) | Process of agglomerating fines of materials containing iron of which a portion has been completely reduced |