US2518473A - Fuel injection pump - Google Patents

Description

H; HQGEMA Erm. '2,518,473

FUEL INJECTION PUIIP Aug. 15, 195o Fina nu. 19, 1949 esmas-Sheet -1 FRANK S. COE'.

BY HANS H OGEMAN A TCPA/5)( Ag. 1.5,'195'0 H. .HoGQEMAN tru.

FUEL Imsc'rxon Puur 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 FlOd Fib.' 19, 1949 enl .ATTUPNEK Aug. 1.5,.1950 Y H. HoGEM-A Erm. Y 2,518,473 FUEL msc'rmn Puur Find ses. V19, 1949 e sheets-sheet s mms/Toss.

FPANK SCOE HANS HOGEMAN H.v -HOGEMAN EIAL ivm. INJECTION mn 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Agg. 15, 195o #ma Feb. 19, 1949 INVENroks. rre/mz s. coe; BY HANS HoacMAN Aug. l5, 1950 H. HoGEMAN ErAL FUEL INJECTION PUIIP v 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 fmd Feb. 19, 19.49

M A y. r?. M Nc w E G c wmn I A s MN 2^/ ...H Y

`preciselyequal distribution to each of Patented ug. 1.5, 1950 Hans Hogemam-Longmeadow, and Frank S.' Coe, l Springfield, Mass., assignors to American Bosch Corporation,V Springfield, Masses corporation of New York Appiioauon rebruory 19, 1949, sei-isi No. '17.4415

I i1 Claims. invention relates to new and ifnproved means for supplying fuel to the cylinders of an internal combustion engine yor the like and has 'particular reference '-to the provision of such a device which is relatively compact and economical in construction and eiiicient in operation.

j An object of the invention is to provide new (ci. ica-2) and improved apparatus for supplying fuel for small, high speed engines, or the like, which apparatus isrelatively compact and economical in construction and emcient in operation and which makes possible' the utilization of relatively inexpensive diive and mounting means.

Another'object of the invention is to. provide l `Y anew and improved fuel injection' pump wherein theinumberof components `requiring exceedis practicable to mountthe governor directly on o the pump drive `shaft thereby eliminating the necessity for additional gearing which is both ing means for all outlets and, therefore, provides the pump outlets to the spray nozzles.

'Another object of the invention is'to provide i a device of thetype set forth wherein short spray i durations permit the me of xed timing through f a wider speed range. v

Anotherobject of the invention is to provide a device of the type set forthwhich is adaptable' foruse withcompression ignition engines or with i gasoline `simplified mixture control.

Another object of the the invention is to iprovidea fuel injection pump of the type set forth wherein the time of the beginning of injection is fixed and whereby the fuel quantity to bedelivered by the pump may be easily and quickly lvariedatwill.l Y

Anotherobject-ofthe invention is to provide a fuel injection pump of the single plunger type wherein a single plunger is utilized for pumping ther object of the invention is toprovide cylinders and which employs an adjustable sleeve control whereby the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump may be easily and quickly variable.

' Other objects and advantages of the-invention willbe apparent from the following description taken'in connection with the accompanying drawings andl it willbe understood that changes may be made in the details of construction and arrangement of parts shown and described, as the preferred form has. been shown by way of illustrationonly.

Referring to the drawings: Fig. 1 isa. sideyiew of a fuel embodyingthe invention;

Fig. 2 is an end view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1; p

Fig. 3 is a top or plan view thereof;

Fig. 4 lis a sectional view taken on line 4-6 of Fig. 5 ,looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5--5 of Fig. 3 hoking in the direction of the arrows;-

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6 6 of Fig. 3 looking inthe direction of thearrows;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line-1 1 of Fig. 2 looking in thedirection of the arrows;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line.88 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on line 9 9- of Fig. 8 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Referring more particularly to the drawings wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views. the device shown embodying the invention comprises the fuel supply pump I, fuel injection pump 2 and governor 3 secured ltogether to form a -singlcrelatively small, compact unit which may be mounted on or removed from the engine as a sired. the fuel supply pump may be formed as a fand distributing fuel to a plurality ofengine separate member having a fuel supply line connected to the fuel injection pump for supplying Vfuel thereto instead of being mounted directly on the fuel injection pump as shown. The fuel supply pump i is adapted to receive fuel from the fuel supply tank through a line which connects the fuel supply tank with fuel inlet 5 and fuel from the supply pump l passes through outlet 6 to the fuel inlet 3B for the fuel injection pump.

The fuel injection pump 2 is composed of the supply apparatusI pump head 1 which lts into a recess in the main pump housing 8, and is secured thereto by bolts or the like 9.

The fuel injection pump 2 is -adapted to be operated by the cam IllA on camshaft II which camshaft is connected asfor instance to four stroke cycleengines and adapted to operate at half engine speed or at engine speed, andthe camshaft is, therefore, provided with a number of lobes equal to one-half the number of outlets where the pump operates at engine speed and the same number of lobes as outlets where it operates at one-half engine speed, aS. fOr example,

the pump shown has six outlets and the cam' is,

therefore, provided with three lobes which are,

adapted to reciprocate the plunger which makes two complete cycles for each rotation of the camshaft II and cam I0.

The camshaft II is mounted for rotation adjacent its opposite ends on the ball bearing I2 and the bearing I3v respectively, The mounting ange I4 is provided for securing the pumprassembly in position on the engine. v

On the camshaft II is provided the helical A.-gear I5 which is rotated by the camshaft I I upon rotation of the camshaft and which meshes with thehelical gear I6 on the shaft I1 as hereinafter described.

The pumphead 1 contains the bore I8 in whic the plunger I9 is mounted for reciprocation and rotation. The bore I8 is connected by a series of outlet ports 20, each of which connects saidbore I8 with its respective outlet 2l, each of which is connected by a conduit or line 22 to a respective cylinder of the engine.

In the pump head j1 and aligned with thebores I8 is provided the chamber 23 in which is positioned the discharge or checlcvalve 24 for con- 20 in succession upon reciprocation and rotation of said plunger I 9. f

The plunger I9,is provided with the axial hole or passage 28 which extends from theupper end of the plunger and terminates in the spill port 29 which port communicates with the annular spill groove 38 on the plunger I9. l

The pump head 1 is provided with the spill chamber 3l in which is positioned the control sleeve 32 whichvsurrounds the plunger I9 and which is adjustable by means ofthe eccentricpin 33 on the rotatable shaft 34 which is connected by the pivoted lever 35 and link 3'6 tothe governor f 3 as hereinafter described.

The spill chamber 3l is connected by the passage 31 with the supply passage 38 to which is connected the supplyline from the fuel supply pump I and from which fuel passes through the passage 39 to the bore I8. The other passage 31a is connected to port 38a which is connected to a return fuel line having a check valve therein to maintain the desired fuel supply pressure to the pump. For lubrication of the pump the passageway 40 is provided through which .some of the lubricating oil passes through the lter 4I from which it passes through the passage 42 to the lower portion of the bore I8 and also some of the and 44..to lubricate thetappet 54 and bearing I3 respectively.

The threadedplugl is provided for sealing the upper end of the chamber 23 and this threaded plug 46 is removable to allow replacement of the'disharg'e or check valve 24.

The fuel supply pump I, which, as stated above, may be of the gear type, is adapted to be operated b y the shaft I1 to which is secured the helical gear I6 which is rotated by the helical gear I5 as previously described. v The gear 41 also meshes with the gear I5 and is'- adapted to be rotated thereby and causes rotation of the shaft 48 on which the gear 41 is positioned which, in turn, causes rotation o'f the gear 49 which is fixed on the opposite end of the shaft 48 from the helical gear 41 and which meshes with gear 50 for rotating the plunger I9 as hereinafter described.r

The plunger I9 hasl the fiat sided' extension 5I which is keyed withA the gear 50 through the key member 52 which engages the flat side of extension 5I and keys the plunger to gear 58 for rotation through spring seat53 which is secured to upon rotation of th'e camshaft II, the lobes of. thelcam I0 will force the plunger I9 in a'direction away `from the cam I0, that is, in the direction of the pumping stroke of the plunger I9.

The end of the plunger I9 is secured to the wedge-shaped member '5,6 over which fits the spring seat 51. The coil springs 58 and 59 are provided for movingthe plunger I9 on its return stroke and said coil springs 58 and 5,9 have their oppositev ends engaging the spring seats 53 andA 51 with the spring 58` being of smaller diameter than the spring 59 and adapted to be positioned within said spring 59.

The' governor 3 is positioned withinthe casing.r 60 which is secured to the-main pump housing 8 by means of the bolts( 6I or other suitable means.

The governor shaft 62 is keyed to the camshaft II and adapted toirotate therewith.

The governor shaft 62 has a serrated portion 63 and a spider 54 is rigidly mounted upon the serrated portion 63 of the shaft 62. The spider '64 supportsthe governor weights 65 which are pivotally mounted thereon and each of the weights has a portion which contacts with the iiange 66 on-sleeve 61 through the ball bearingl 68. The sleeve 61 `is mounted for longitudinal movement upon the governor shaft 62 and at its opposite end from the flange 66 is provided with the flanges 69 and 10 forming seats for the springs 1I and 12 respectively.

-A governor lever 13 is provided inthe form of a yoke.14, the forks of which extend .around the governor shaft 62 i and each fork isjpivotally mounted on the lever 15 which is pivotally mounted on the housing 69 on one side and the shaft for lever 4 on the other side. Lever 13 pivots also on flange 10. The link 36 is connected tc the lever 13 at 13a.

The governorlever 13 isprovidedwith the cam 16 which is adapted to engagethe plate 11 which is soadjusted that the cam 16 justtouches this plate 11 at full speed and full load.

The spring member 18 and adjustable surge screw 19 are provided for steadying engine performance in case of 'any searching.

,i cut olf the fuel delivery by the pump.

any conventional type.

asians trol the speed at which the governor weightsv .The discharge'or delivery valve 24 may 1n the uperauon ofthe device the fuel supiuy pump I receives fuel through inlet li'ne B and supplies; fuel through outlet line l to inlet 3l ofbeef,-

the fuel injection pump 2 and this fuel then I through port 3l to. bore I3, and also fills port 33al and port 38a and due to the overflow valveoonn'ected to port 38a, the` desired fuel pressure is maintained in the pump. -This arrangementis employed where the fuel supply pump I is of the gear type. Where other forms of supply p umps ar'e employed, such as the conventional diaphragm pumps of the self pressure regulating type, the overflow valves and return \line from Iport 38a to thefuel supply tank is not needed and, therefore, port 33a may be. closedby.

stroke of the plunger as hereinafter described,

fuel enters the bore I8. A The downwardor returnv stroke of the plunger vI3 is eilected-` by the springs' 58 and 59 and the pumping stroke of the plunger is effected by the lobesiof the cam I which engage the roller ,55 on the tappet 54 and upon rotation `of the cam'- shaft II, the tappet 54 is moved away from the camshaft and the' plunger I9 which is carried thereby is, therefore, automatically moved with plunger.

During the pumping stroke of the plunger I9 when the pressure of the fuel in the bore Il is sufficient to overcome the force of the spring of the vdischarge or check valve 24, that valve is lifted oiI its seat and fuel is forced through said valve to the supply-passage 25 from whichit passes to the annular fuel receiving groove 26 on the periphery of the plunger I9 from which it passes to the distributing groove 2l and then to the various outlets 2li successively as said distributing groove 21 becomes aligned with each` of said outlets. Fuel in the bore IB ows into the axial hole or passage 28111 the plunger lis and is spilled through the spill port 29 into the spill chamber'3l. The

' time of such spilling of fuel into the spill chainber 3I is controlled by adjustment of the sleeve 32 in a direction parallel to the axis of the plunger I9. This adjustment of the sleeve 32, therefore. also controls the quantity of fuel to be delivered through the discharge or check valve 24 beforethe fuel pressure in the bore I8 is relieved by spilling through the axial hole or passage 28 and spill port 29 as previously described, which spilling relieves the -pressure of the fuel in vthe bore i I8 until it is-so reduced that the force of the discharge or check valve spring is sufllcient to return said discharge or check valve to its seat thereby preventing the further delivery of fuel to the supply passage 25 until the next pumping stroke of the plunger I9.` I

The adjustment of the control sleeve 32 is automatically effected by the rotation of the rotatable shaft 34 by the pivoted lever 35 and link 36 which is connected to the governor 3 for automatic con- 34 causes a sliding movement of control sleeve 2f along the plunger Il whereby the position of said sleeve 32 may be adjusted relative to spill groove.

to control the spilling and thereby control the amount of fuel delivered by the pump to each of Y the outlets 2li.

yDuring each stroke of the plunger I9 it is rotated` by means ofthe gear Ii on the camshaft I I which rotates the gear Il and therebythe shaft 4l, circulargear and circular gear III to thereby align the distributing groove '21 'with each of the outlets 20 successively; l

The pivoted lever 35 is provided with a pro- :eeuu: pm n adapted to engage and be moved by a shoulder on the spring pressed shaft 32 to shut on the pump and thereby the engine.

From the foregoing it will be seen that we have provided simple, efilcient pand economical means for obtaining all of the objects and advantages of the invention. v

. Havingdescribed oui` invention, 'we claim:

1. In a fuel injection pump, a housing, a bore in said housing, a plunger in said bore and adapted for reciprocation and rotation therein, said plunger having a pumpingportion and a distributing portion, a` pair of separate fuel passages, one of said passages being a delivery passage and the other a spill passage, the delivery passage vso extending from that portion of the bore in which \fuel .is pumped under pressure to the portion thereof in which fuel is distributed, a check valve in the fuel path between said pumping and distributing portions, andthe spill passage being in said plunger and having a spill port, and an adjustable sleeve surrounding a portion of said the tappet 54 to effect' the pumping stroke of said trol. Rotation of the shaft 34 causes movement ofthe eccentric pin 33 which is connected to conthe spill through said port.

2. `In a'fuel injection pump', a housing, a bore in said housing.' a plunger in'said bore and adapted for reciprocation and rotation therein and serving as pumping element and distributing element, a fuel passage externally of said bore and adapted to supply fuel from the portion of said bore in'which fuel is pumped under pressure to the portion thereof :in which fuel is distributed, a check valve in the fuel path'between said pumping and distributing portions and a spill passage in said plunger and having a spill port, and an adjustable sleeve surrounding a portion of said plunger adjacent'said spill port for controlling the spill through said port.

3. In a fuel injection pump, a housing, a bore in said housing, a plunger in said bore and adapt-Y ed for reciprocation and rotation therein, said plunger having a pumping portion and a distributing portion, a pair of separate fuel passages. one of said passages being a delivery passage and the other a spill passage, the delivery passage extending from that portion of the bore in which fuel is pumped under pressure to the portion thereof in which fuel is distributed, a check valve in thefuel path between said pumping and distributing portions, a spill chamber, and the spill passage being in said plunger and communicating with said spill chamber and an adjustable sleeve surrounding said plunger adjacent said spill Vpassage and adapted to control the spill therethrough. Y

4. In a fuel injection pump, a housing, a bore in said housing, a plunger in said bore and adapted for reciprocation and rotation 'therein and serving as pumping element and distributing element, a fuel passage externally of said bore and adapted to supply fuel Yfrom the portion`of 'said u trol sleeve 32 and. therefore, rotation of shaft -18 bore in which fuel is pumped under pressure-t0 asians passageK in said plunger, and an annular-spill groove on lsaid plunger communicating with said spill passage and an adjustable sleeve surrounding said plunger adjacent said spill vgroove and.

adapted to c'ontrol the spill therethrough.

in said housing, a plunger in said bore and adapted for reciprocation and rotation therein, said plunger having a pumping portion and a distributing portion, a pairof' separate fuel passages, Vone o f said passages being a delivery passage and the other a spill passage, the delivery passage extending from that portion of the bore in which fuel is pumped under pressure to the portion thereof in which fuel is distributed, a check valve ln the fuel path between said pumping and distributing portions, the spill -passage being in said plunger, and a slidable adjustable member cooperatlng with said spill passage for controlling the .spill therethrough, a gear surrounding said plunger, a shaft, a cam on said shaft for reciprocating said plunger, a gear on said shaft, a gear meshing with saidgear on said shaft and effecting rotation of said gear surrounding said plunger to thereby rotate said plunger. s

' 6. Inl a; device iof the character described, a housing, a bore insaid li'ousing a plunger in said bore and adapted to be reciprocated and rotated therein', said plunger having pumping and distributing portions, a fuel path externally of said bore and extending between said pumping and distrib-y uting portions, a spill chamberinl said housing `and communicating 'with said bore, and a spill passage in said plunger and adapted to allow the spilling of fuel from said bore to said spill chamber and a slidable adjustable member cooperating` with said spill passage for controlling the spill therethrough.

'1. In`a device of, the character described, a housing, a bore in said housing, a plunger in said bore and adapted to be reciprocated and rotated therein, said plunger having pumping and dis- `trlbuting portions, a fuel path externally of said bore and extending between said pumping and distributing portions, a spill chamber in said housing and communicating with s aid bore, and a. spill passage and spill port in said plunger and adapted to allow the spilling of fuel from said bore to said spill chamber, anda control sleeve in said spill chamber for controlling the spilling of fuel into .said chamber from said bore through said spill passage and spill port in said plunger.

8. In a device of the character described, a housing, a bore in said housing, a plunger in said bore and adapted to be reciprocated and rotated therein, said plunger having pumping and distributing portions, a fuel path externally of said bore and extending between said pumping and distributing portions, a spill chamber in said housing and communicating with said bore, and y a spill passage in said plunger and adapted to allow the spilling of fuel from said bore to said spill chamber, and a control sleeve in said spill chamber for controlling the spilling of fuel into said chamber from said bore .through said spill extending from that portion of the bore in which' 4by the pump.

ypassage in said plunger, and means whereby said sleeve may be adjusted relative to said spill passage.

9. In a device of the character described, a

housing, a bore in said housing, a plunger in said bore and adapted to be reciprocated and rotated therein, said plunger having pumping and distributing portions, a fuel path externally of said bore and extending between said pumping and distributing portions, a spill chamber in said housing and communicating with said bore,'and a spill passage in said plunger and adapted to allow the spilling of fuel from said' bore to said spill chamber and a slidable adjustable member cooperating with said spill passage for controlling the spill therethrough, a camshaft, a cam on said shaft for reciprocating said plunger, and a gear on said shaft and adapted to effect rotation of said plunger during the reciprocation thereof.

10. In a fuel injection pump, a housing, a bore in said housing, a plunger in said bore and adapted for reciprocation and rotation therein, said one of said passages being a delivery passage and the other a bypass passage, the delivery passage fuel is pumped under pressure to the portion thereof in which fuel is distributed, a check valve in the fuel path between said pumping and distributing portions, a bypass chamber and the bypass passage connecting said bypass chamber and the portion of the bore in which fuel is pumped and slidable adjustable means for controlling said bypass passage and thereby controlling the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump.

11. In a fuel injection pump', a housing, a bore in said housing, a plunger in said bore and adapted for reciprocation and rotation therein and Y' member for controlling said`bypass passage and thereby controlling the quantity of fuel delivered HANS HOGEMAN. FRANK s. COE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

. UNITED STATES PATENTS Number v

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