US2098562A - Firearm - Google Patents

Description

J. BRowNlNG 2,098,562

FIREARM Filed Oct. 17, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 New; 9, E937, I

'John Brom/mf@ O wm. n@

Nov. 9, E937.

J. BROWNING FIREARM 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed 0G11. 17, 1955 3mm VL/m @fom/ning NN A Nov. 9;, i937.

J. BROWNING F IREARM Filed Ooi. 17, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 SMM; .John Browning 'm f//M' Patented Nov. 9, 1937 UNE? STTS PATNT OFFICE FIREARM corporation of Utah Application October 17, 1935, Serial No. 45,411

6 Claims.

This invention relates to firearms and has particular reference to a firearm of the bolt action type.

The aim of the invention is to provide an improved firearm of the character described having various features of novelty and advantage and which is particularly characterized by its simplicity in construction, by its economy in manufacture, by the ease and facility with 'which the parts may be assembled, and by its reliability and ease in operation.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out more in detail hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combination of elements and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter set forth and the scope of the application oi which will be indicated in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings wherein is shown for illustrative purposes one of the embodiments which the present invention may take:

Figure l is a view in vertical longitudinal section of a firearm constructed in accordance with my invention and showing the hammer in fired position;

Fig. 2 is a similar View showing the bolt in retracted position and the hammer in cocked position;

Fig. 3 is a side elevational View of the firearm, the bolt handle being shown by unbroken lines in raised position and by dot and dash lines in locked position;

Fig. 4 is a transverse section view through the receiver substantially on line t-l of Fig. l;

Fig. 5 is a detail sectional View ci the bolt;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the receiver frame;

Fig. 7 is a View looking at the forward end of the block C, a portion of the receiver cover being Vshown in section; and

Fi-g. 8 is a detail view of the member for interlocking the bolt and trigger.

Referring to the drawings in detail, my improved rearm has a receiver frame A to the forward upper end ci which is connected a barrel B. Secured to the rear end of the frame A is a block C. The letter D designates a sheet metal cover adapted to house the receiver frame and the bolt E carried thereby. F designates a stock of any suitable construction. The letter G designates a magazine.

The frame A is in the form of an elongated block generally rectangular in horizontal section andY preferably formed of one piece. It has, at

its forward corner, a parti-cylindrical extension l in which the rear end of the barrel B is fitted in suitable manner, as by threading. The upper surface of the frame has flat lands 8 immediately behind the extension l, and rearwardly of these lands is a parti-cylindrical groove 9 which accommodates the cylindrical portions of the bolt. At the bottom of the groove is a channel I9. The frame, adjacent its forward end, has a vertical chamber or opening II adapted to receive the magazine G which may be of any suitable construction. The frame, immediately behind the upper end of the magazine chamber, is provided with an ejector I2. The frame, at its rear end, is vertically slotted as at I3, and extending forwardly from this slot is a bore I9 which accommodates the barrel portion of the hammer, as hereinafter described more in detail. Positioned in the rear end of the slot I3 and held in place by a pin I4 is a block I5 which serves as an abutment for a main spring. The block C is secured to the block I5 by means of a screw I l. The block C and the cover D are co-extensive'in Width. A suitable rear sight IB is carried by the block C.

The cover D is made of sheet metal by stamping out a blank of desired configuration and then bending the blank into generally U-shaped form so as to provide side walls 22 and a semi-cylindrical top Wall 23. This cover is substantially co-extensive in length to the frame and, when positioned in place, the side walls thereof straddle and conceal thek side oi the frame. The top- Wall 23 is complementary to the parti-cylindrical groove 9 in the top of the frame so as to provide a generally tubular bearing or bore in which the boltE is adapted to operate. The forward end of the semi-cylindrical top wall nts snugly about the extension l, and the block C has a boss 24 which fits in the rear end of the cover. The cover has a notch 25 at each end of each of its side Walls. The front notches receive the lugs 25 on the frame, and the rear notches receive lugs ZI on the block C. The cover also has in its upper portion the usual loading and ejecting opening 29. Rearwardly of that opening, the cover has a longitudinally extending slot 30 which is provided at its forward end with a laterally extending recess or locking notch 3l.

In accordance with the present invention, the bolt is formed of two parts, namely, a front nonrotatable part 33 and a rear rotatable part 34 swivelled at its front end to the rear end of the front part so as to permit partial rotation of the rear part during the locking and unlocking operation without causing rotation of the front part. The bolt slides in the bore provided by the groove 6 and the top portion of the cover D and is held on the frame by the cover. The front part 33 of the bolt comprises a generally cylindrical piece which is flattened for a portion of its length and on Vits under side so as to provide bearing surfaces 35 adapted to slide on the aforementioned lands 8 on the top of the frame. Projecting downwardly from the rear end of the front part of the bolt is a lug 36 engaging in the Channel I6 so as to insure proper movement of the front part of the bolt. Extending rearwardly from the front part of the bolt is a stem having an annular collar 31. The rear part of the bolt is in the form of a cylindrical piece from which projects a locking lug 40 and a handle 4|. The lug 46 is adapted to slide in the slot 3|] and into and out of the notch 3|. The part 34 has, at its forward end, a semi-cylindrical sleeve i2-provided with an internal annular groove 43. This sleeve partly encircles the stem on the rear end of the front part, andthe groove 43 receives the collar 31 of the stud, so that, upon longitudinal movement of the rear part, the front part ywill move therewith, but the rear part may be rotated with respect to the front part. The rear part 34 is provided with a longitudinal groove 44 for accommodating hammer lug during the sliding movement of the bolt. Leading laterally from this groove is a notch or recess 45 for accommodating this hammer lug when the bolt is in the 'advanced and locked position shown in Fig. 1.

On the rear end of the rear part 34 is a cam 46 adapted Vto co-operate with a cam lug of the hammer in such manner as to cock the hammer upon lifting of the operating handle 4| preliminary to withdrawing the bolt. The front part 33 of the bolt is provided with a grooveat each side for accommodating-'a lrespective extractor 41 which may be of the usual construction.

The firing pin is formed of-two sections, one

front section 53 supported for sliding movement in the front part 33 of the bolt, and a rear or supplemental section 5| mounted for sliding movement in the rear part 34 of the bolt.v The front part 33 is provided with a longitudinal bore for accommodating the pin sectionV 53. This bore, at its rear end; is counterbored so as to accommodate a head 52 on the rear end of the sec'- tion 5U and a spring 53 interposed between the head and the bottom of the counterbore. The pin section 5| is mounted in an inclined bore leading from the front end of the rear partV 34 to the recess or notch 45. f f

The hammer has a hollow barrel portion 68 slidably mounted within the bore I9 ofthe frame A.Y Extending upwardly from Vthe barrel portion is a hammer lug 6| which, as previously indicated, is accommodated by the notch 45 inthe rear part of the bolt when the vbolt isi in forward and locked position. hammer or striker lug 6 I, the hammer has a cam lug 62 which lies vbehind the cammingsurfaoe 46 when the bolt is Vin its forward and locked position. When the rear bolt part has been rotated to a position where it Vmay be withdrawn, that is, when the handle 4| is raised, the lugs 6| and 62 register with the longitudinal groove 44 so that the bolt may be withdrawn. A main spring 63 extends into and bottoms in the bore of the hammer barrel, and at its rear end engages against the block l5. Thus the hammer is normally urged forwardly.

It will be understood that when the Vbolt is in forward and locked position, as-shown in Figs.

Rearwardly of theVV Vsition, the cam edge 8| aooases 1 and 4, the lug iii at the base of the handle is engaged in the locking notch 3| of the cover D. Msc, the spring 53 urges the front section 5U of the firing pin rearwardly against the rear section 5|, so that the rear end of the latter extendsV into the notch 45. When the hammer is released' from the cocked position, the main spring 63 forces the hammer forwardly with a quick snap movement, whereupon the hammer lug 6| strikes the rear end of the rear pin section 5| thereby causing the front section to move forwardly and strike the cartridge. When the hammer thus moves forwardly, the cam lug 62 is brought up against the low part of the cam V46. Now to extract and eject the shell, the handle rst is raised so as to bring the locking lug 40 into alignment with the longitudinal slot 30 and Yduring such operation the rear part of the bolt is rotated with respect to the front portion so that the cam 46, due to its engagement with the cam lug 62, will move the hammer 'back to the cocked position Vshown in Fig. 2. 'I'he bolt may now be withdrawn rearwardly to extract the shell and eject it in the usual manner and, during such rearward movement of the bolt, the lugs 6| and 62 are accommodated by the longitudinal slot 44 in the rear part of the bolt.

The hammer is released through a trigger 65 and a sear 66, respectively pivoted on pins 61 and 68. 69 designates a trigger guard removably secured to the frame by a screw 10 and having a safety 1| of suitable type. The sear 66 is normally urged into hammer holding position by a spring 12. The sear is adapted to engage in the sear notch 13 of the hammer.

As previously stated, when the handle of the bolt is raised preliminary to withdrawing the bolt, the longitudinal slot 44 in the rear portion of the bolt is brought into registry with the lugs 6| and 62 of the hammer. If at this time the trigger should be pulled and the hammer released, the hammerV would assume a forward position which would prevent the bolt again being rotated to locked position. In order to prevent thisoccurrence, an interloclnng arrangement. is provided between the bolt and theV trigger. This arrangement includes a sheet metal member 15 slidably located in a groove 16 inthe right hand side face of the frame A. It has at its rear end a wedge-shaped or tapered projection or point 11 which is adapted to engage in a wedge-shaped or flaring notch 18 in the forward edge of a laterally oifset extension 19 on the trigger. The member or slide 15, adjacent its forward end, hasan upwardlyextending lug 8|) provided at itsupper rear cornerV with a downwardly and rearwardly inclined cam edge 8|. The slide 15.is normally urged rearwardly by a spring 82 located in a 'countersink 83 and between the front endof this countersink and an inturned ear 8 4 on the slide. 'When the handle is out of its locked position, that is, when it is raised, the slide 15 is free to move rearwardly under the inuence of the spring 82 so that the projection 11 will engage in the notch 18 of the trigger and thus prevent the trigger from being pulled. The projection is tapered and the notch is flared so as to insure proper engagement of the projection in the notch. When the slide is in its rearmost pothereof is Vwithin the -range of the locking notch 3|, so that'when the locking lug 4E! is brought to its final down position during lthe operation of locking the bolt inY advanced position, it will engage this cam edge and thusl result in camming-of the slide forwardly so as to withdraw the projection l1' from the notch ofthe trigger. The trigger is now'free to be pulled.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained `in the above descriptionl or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the language used in the following claims is intended to cover all of the generic and specic features of the invention herein described and all statements of the scope of the invention which, as a matter of language might be said to fall therebetween.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a firearm of the character described, a receiver frame, a two-part bolt supported for sliding movement on said frame and having a front non-rotatable part and a rear rotatable part swivelled to the front part, a two-section ring pin comprising a front section mounted for longitudinal movement in said front part of said bolt and a rear section mounted for longitudinal movement in the rear part of said bolt and adapted to engage the rear end of said front section, a hammer mounted in said frame and having an upwardly extending hammer lug adapted to engage the rear end of said rear section when the hammer is released, and trigger means for controlling said hammer, said rear part of said bolt having a longitudinal groove adapted to register with and accommodate said lug when said rear part is turned to a position where the bolt may be withdrawn, said bolt having a lateral notch extending from said groove and adapted to accommodate said lug when the bolt is in forward locked position.

2. In a rearm of the character described, a receiver frame, a two-part bolt supported for sliding movement on said frame and having a front non-rotatable part and a rear rotatable part swivelled to the front part, a two-section firing pin comprising a front section mounted for longitudinal movement in said front part of said bolt and a rear section mount-ed for longitudinal movement in the rear part of said bolt and adapted to engage the rear end of said front section, a hammer slidably mounted .in said frame below said bolt and having an upwardly extending hammer lug adapted to engage the rear end of said rear pin section when the hammer is released, said hammer also having an upwardly extending cam lug rearwardly of said hammer lug and said rear part of said bolt having a camming surface at its rear end adapted to engage said cam lug to cam the hammer into cocked position when the rear part of the bolt is turned preliminary to withdrawing the bolt, and trigger means for controlling said hammer, said rear part of said bolt having a longitudinal groove adapted to register with and accommodate said lugs when said rear part of said bolt is turned to a position where the bolt may be withdrawn, said bolt having a lateral notch extending from said groove and adapted to accommodate said hammer lug when the bolt is in forward locked position.

3. In a firearm of the character described, a receiver frame, a two-part bolt slidably mounted thereon and comprising a front non-rotatable part and a rear rotatable part swivelled to the front part, a firing pin having a front section located in said front part and a rear section located in said rear part, a hammer slidably mounted in said frame and having a hammer lug adapted to engage the rear end of said rear sec. tion when the hammer is released, said rear part having a longitudinal groove adapted to accom-` modate said lug upon sliding movement of the bolt and also having a recess leading from said groove adapted to accommodate said lug when the bolt is in locked position, a trigger for controlling said hammer, and interlocking means between said bolt and trigger for preventing pulling of the trigger and release of the hammer except when said rear part of the bolt is in forward and locked position.

4. In a rearm of the character described, a receiver having a longitudinal slot and a locking notch, a two-part bolt slidably mounted in the receiver and comprising a front non-rotatable part and a rear rotatable part swivelled to the front part, said rear part having a handle accommodated by said slot for rotating said rear part and sliding said bolt into and out of position and having a locking lug adapted to engage in said locking notch, a firing pin slidably mounted in said bolt, a hammer slidably mounted in said frame and having a lug adapted to engage said firing pin when the hammer is released, a trigger for controlling said hammer, a member slidably carried by said receiver and removably interlocking with the trigger to prevent it from being pulled, a spring normally urging said member into interlocking engagement with said trigger, and a cam on said member engageable with said locking lug when the locking lug is moved into said notch whereby said member is withdrawn from interlocking relation with said trigger.

5. In a rearm of the character described, a receiver having a locking notch, a two-part bolt slidably mounted in the receiver and comprising a front non-rotatable part and a rear rotatable part swivelled to the front part, said rear part having a handle for turning the same and for moving the bolt longitudinally and having a locking lug adapted to engage in said locking notch, a ring pin having a front section located in said front part and a rear section located in said rear part, a hammer slidably mounted in said receiver below said bolt and having a hammer lug adapted to engage the rear end of said rear section when the hammer is released, said rear part having a longitudinal groove adapted to accommodate said hammer lug upon sliding movement of the bolt and also having a recess leading from said groove adapted to accommodate said hammer lug when the bolt is in locked position, a trigger for controlling said hammer, and interlocking means between said bolt and trigger for preventing pull.- ing of said trigger and release of said hammer except when the rear part of the bolt is in forward and locked position, said interlocking means comprising a member slidably mounted in said receiver and having, in its rear end, a locking projection adapted to engage in a notch in said trigger and a spring normally urging said member into interlocking relation with said trigger, said member having a cam projecting into the range of said locking notch when said member is in interlocking relation with said trigger, said locking lug being adapted to engage said cam when the locking lug is moved into said locking Y notch whereby said member is moved out of interlocking relation with said trigger.

6. A rearm of the bolt action type comprising a receiver frame having at its forward upper corner an upward extension adapted to receive the rear end of a barrel, a block secured to the rear end of said frame, a U-shaped sheet metal cover substantially co-eXtensive in length to said frame and having a pair of parallel side Walls covering and straddling the sides of said frame and a top semi-cylindrical Wall, said frame having adjacent its forward end and on each side a lug and said block having at each side a forwardly extending lug, said side Walls of said cover having notches receiving said lugs whereby the cover is held in place, a generally cylindrical bolt slidably mounted on said frame between said extension and block and maintained on said frame by 5A said cover, a firing pin carried by said bolt, a hammer on said frame, and a, trigger and Sear JOHN BROWNING.

' for said hammer.

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