US20150210370A1 - Ring propeller with forward screw - Google Patents

Ring propeller with forward screw Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20150210370A1
US20150210370A1 US14/420,398 US201314420398A US2015210370A1 US 20150210370 A1 US20150210370 A1 US 20150210370A1 US 201314420398 A US201314420398 A US 201314420398A US 2015210370 A1 US2015210370 A1 US 2015210370A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
ring
propeller
edge profile
blade
leading edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/420,398
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jahn Terje Johannessen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kongsberg Maritime AS
Original Assignee
Rolls Royce Marine AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rolls Royce Marine AS filed Critical Rolls Royce Marine AS
Assigned to ROLLS-ROYCE MARINE AS reassignment ROLLS-ROYCE MARINE AS ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JOHANNESSEN, JAHN TERJE
Publication of US20150210370A1 publication Critical patent/US20150210370A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B63H1/16—Propellers having a shrouding ring attached to blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B63H1/26—Blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B2241/00—Design characteristics
    • B63B2241/02—Design characterised by particular shapes
    • B63B2241/10—Design characterised by particular shapes by particular three dimensional shapes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters
    • B63H2005/1254—Podded azimuthing thrusters, i.e. podded thruster units arranged inboard for rotation about vertical axis
    • B63H2005/1258—Podded azimuthing thrusters, i.e. podded thruster units arranged inboard for rotation about vertical axis with electric power transmission to propellers, i.e. with integrated electric propeller motors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ring propeller and a thruster comprising a ring propeller which is driven by a permanent magnet motor.
  • a ring propeller for a thruster.
  • the ring propeller comprises a ring, a centre element and at least one propeller blade extending between the centre element and the ring and attached to the centre element and the ring.
  • the propeller blade has a leading edge profile and a trailing edge profile and is provided with forward skew.
  • the leading edge profile of the at least one propeller blade moreover, has an S-shape in a cross section perpendicular to the ring propeller's axis of rotation.
  • the at least one propeller blade's trailing edge profile may also have an S-shape in a cross section perpendicular to the ring propeller's axis of rotation.
  • the combination of the S-shape on the at least one propeller blade's leading edge profile and/or trailing edge profile and the forward skew of the at least one propeller blade provide better cavitation conditions, i.e. reduced cavitation.
  • the leading edge has a leading edge profile viewed in a section perpendicular to the ring propeller's axis of rotation.
  • the propeller blades' trailing edge will then naturally be the edge on the opposite side of the propeller blade with a trailing edge profile viewed in a section perpendicular to the ring propeller's axis of rotation.
  • the fact that the ring propeller's blades have a forward skew means that the propeller tip, which is attached to the ring, is skewed forwards towards the propeller's normal direction of rotation, with the result that the outermost part of the blade meets zones with altered speed earlier.
  • a skew angle can be defined.
  • the skew angle is the greatest possible angle, viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the ring propeller's axis of rotation, measured between the straight line drawn from the point where the propeller blade's centre chord line/skew line meets the ring propeller's encompassing ring and the axis of rotation and a line tangential to a point on the propeller blade's centre chord line and the axis of rotation.
  • the propeller blade's centre chord line and the skew angle of a propeller blade on the present ring propeller are shown in the attached figures.
  • the S-shaped leading edge profile may have a concave shape. In practice this will mean that the tangent to the leading edge profile at the point of attachment to the ring propeller's encompassing ring and the tangent to the encompassing ring at the same attachment point form an angle which is greater than 0° and less than 90°.
  • the S-shaped trailing edge profile may also have a concave shape in a portion at the point of attachment to the ring.
  • the blades With regard to the strength of the blades, they have preferably been given a thickened shape (a fillet) in the transition to the propeller ring.
  • a thickened shape a fillet
  • space is provided for a slimmer fillet and thereby better hydrodynamic conditions on the outermost part of the propeller.
  • the ring propeller's ring is preferably provided with permanent magnets, where the permanent magnets form a part of a permanent magnet motor when the ring propeller is mounted in the thruster.
  • a thruster comprising a ring propeller and a permanent magnet motor.
  • the thruster comprises a ring propeller as described above and a thruster housing which encloses the ring propeller's ring and comprises the permanent magnet motor's stator windings.
  • a permanent magnet motor is thereby provided for driving the ring propeller.
  • the thruster's ring propeller is otherwise preferably designed as described above and may advantageously be used on a vessel.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross section of a thruster with a ring propeller according to the present invention perpendicular to the ring propeller's axis of rotation A.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the same figure as above, but where the angles between the ring and the leading edge profile and the trailing edge profile respectively are indicated.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a thruster 10 according to the present invention.
  • the thruster 10 comprises a thruster housing 13 and a ring propeller 12 which may be rotatably mounted in the thruster housing 13 about the axis of rotation A.
  • the ring propeller 12 comprises a ring 15 and a centre element 16 . Between the ring 15 and the centre element 16 a number of propeller blades 18 are preferably mounted, attached to the centre element 16 and the ring 15 .
  • the ring propeller 12 is therefore a monoblock where the propeller blades 18 have fixed pitch.
  • the thruster 10 is arranged for attachment to a vessel (not shown in the figures).
  • the thruster 10 may be provided with an attachment element 17 , thereby enabling the thruster 10 , for example, to be screwed, bolted or welded to the vessel.
  • the ring propeller 12 further comprises permanent magnets (not shown in the figures) which are preferably mounted in the ring 15 .
  • permanent magnets In the thruster housing 13 stator windings (not shown in the figure) are similarly provided, with the result that the ring propeller is driven by a permanent magnet motor. Electric power for the permanent magnet motor may, for example, be supplied via the attachment element 17 .
  • the propeller blades 18 have a leading edge profile 19 and a trailing edge profile 20 in a section perpendicular to the ring propeller's 12 axis of rotation A as indicated in FIG. 1 .
  • the leading edge profile 19 and the trailing edge profile 20 are defined in relation to the ring propeller's 12 direction of rotation R as illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the propeller blades 18 have an imaginary centre chord line 24 extending from the centre element 16 to a point 27 where the centre line intersects the ring 15 .
  • the centre chord line 24 is the imaginary line located at the same distance from the leading edge profile 19 as from the trailing edge profile 20 on the propeller blade 18 .
  • the propeller is designed with forward skew, i.e. the propeller blades 18 are skewed forwards in the direction of the propeller's normal direction of rotation R, with the result that the outermost part of the blade meets zones with changed speed earlier.
  • the degree of forward skew may be indicated by means of the skew angle V.
  • the skew angle V is the greatest angle formed between a first line 25 through the axis of rotation A and a point 27 where the centre line 24 crosses the ring's 15 internal diameter and a second line 26 through the axis of rotation A and a point 28 on the centre line 24 .
  • the point 28 on the centre line may vary. In FIG.
  • the point 28 may be located somewhere on the centre line between the centre element 16 and the ring 15 .
  • the propeller blades' 18 leading edge profile 19 is designed with a slight S-shape. This means that in the transition to the ring 15 , it will be possible to design the propeller blades 18 with a slim section, giving a good hydrodynamic effect while at the same time providing sufficient strength.
  • the trailing edge profiles may also be designed with a slight S-shape as indicated in the figures.
  • the propeller blades 18 In the transition between the propeller blades' leading edge profile 19 and the ring 15 , the propeller blades 18 preferably have a concave shape. This is illustrated in greater detail in FIG. 2 where the tangent 30 to the propeller blade's leading edge profile 19 in the attachment point 37 and the tangent 31 to the ring 15 in the attachment point 37 to the ring are indicated. Due to the fact that the propeller blades 18 have a concave shape, the angle 35 opening on to the ring is less than 90° and greater than 0°.
  • the propeller blades 18 in the transition between the propeller blades' trailing edge 19 and the ring 15 , the propeller blades 18 preferably have a concave shape. This is also illustrated in FIG. 2 where the tangent 32 to the propeller blade's trailing edge profile 20 in the attachment point 38 and the tangent 33 to the ring's 15 attachment point 38 to the ring are indicated. Due to the fact that the propeller blades 18 have a concave shape, the angle 36 opening on to the ring is also less than 90° and greater than 0°.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
US14/420,398 2012-08-14 2013-08-13 Ring propeller with forward screw Abandoned US20150210370A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20120899A NO335877B1 (no) 2012-08-14 2012-08-14 Ringpropell med forover vridning
NO20120899 2012-08-14
PCT/EP2013/066925 WO2014026993A1 (en) 2012-08-14 2013-08-13 Ring propeller with forward screw

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20150210370A1 true US20150210370A1 (en) 2015-07-30

Family

ID=49036571

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/420,398 Abandoned US20150210370A1 (en) 2012-08-14 2013-08-13 Ring propeller with forward screw

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US20150210370A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2885203B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6158331B2 (de)
KR (1) KR102112493B1 (de)
BR (1) BR112015003246A2 (de)
DK (1) DK2885203T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2621905T3 (de)
HK (1) HK1209708A1 (de)
HR (1) HRP20170565T1 (de)
NO (1) NO335877B1 (de)
PL (1) PL2885203T3 (de)
PT (1) PT2885203T (de)
RU (1) RU2628625C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2014026993A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD800173S1 (en) * 2016-02-19 2017-10-17 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Vessel propulsion unit
US20230150631A1 (en) * 2020-04-02 2023-05-18 Open Inductions Pty Ltd Fluid drawing induction motor

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9849968B2 (en) 2014-12-04 2017-12-26 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Propeller
US10773817B1 (en) 2018-03-08 2020-09-15 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Bi-directional flow ram air system for an aircraft
SE544385C2 (en) * 2019-09-23 2022-05-03 Volvo Penta Corp Propeller combination for a marine vessel

Citations (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1518501A (en) * 1923-07-24 1924-12-09 Gill Propeller Company Ltd Screw propeller or the like
US1808032A (en) * 1924-01-22 1931-06-02 Gebers Friedrich Out of water propeller
US1895252A (en) * 1931-01-23 1933-01-24 Emmanuel G Kontos Propeller
US2270615A (en) * 1940-10-11 1942-01-20 Edward E Baldwin Propeller
US4135858A (en) * 1975-06-18 1979-01-23 Marcel Entat Method of producing propeller blades and improved propeller blades obtained by means of this method
US4358245A (en) * 1980-09-18 1982-11-09 Bolt Beranek And Newman Inc. Low noise fan
US4737077A (en) * 1986-09-12 1988-04-12 Aciers Et Outillage Peugeot Profiled blade of a fan and its application in motor-driven ventilating devices
US5064345A (en) * 1989-11-16 1991-11-12 Airflow Research And Manufacturing Corporation Multi-sweep blade with abrupt sweep transition
US5221187A (en) * 1990-12-21 1993-06-22 Flatgeotechtechnologie Per La Terra S.P.A. Axial fan, particularly for motor vehicles for agricultural use
US5273400A (en) * 1992-02-18 1993-12-28 Carrier Corporation Axial flow fan and fan orifice
US5306183A (en) * 1993-02-25 1994-04-26 Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute Inc. Propulsion systems for submarine vessels
US5393199A (en) * 1992-07-22 1995-02-28 Valeo Thermique Moteur Fan having a blade structure for reducing noise
US5513951A (en) * 1993-03-29 1996-05-07 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Blower device
US5906179A (en) * 1997-06-27 1999-05-25 Siemens Canada Limited High efficiency, low solidity, low weight, axial flow fan
US5967749A (en) * 1998-01-08 1999-10-19 Electric Boat Corporation Controllable pitch propeller arrangement
US5996685A (en) * 1995-08-03 1999-12-07 Valeo Thermique Moteur Axial flow fan
US6238184B1 (en) * 1998-03-30 2001-05-29 Gate S.P.A. Axial fan, particularly for motor vehicles
US6287078B1 (en) * 1998-12-31 2001-09-11 Halla Climate Control Corp. Axial flow fan
US7121807B2 (en) * 2003-03-05 2006-10-17 Halla Climate Control Corporation Axial-flow fan
US7585155B2 (en) * 2004-03-19 2009-09-08 Halla Climate Control Corp. Axial flow fan
US20120093669A1 (en) * 2010-10-18 2012-04-19 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Rim driven thruster having transverse flux motor

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB210841A (en) * 1922-11-03 1924-02-04 James Herbert Wainwright Gill Improvements in or relating to screw propellers or the like
FR68426E (fr) * 1955-01-25 1958-04-30 Hélice marine
US3826591A (en) * 1971-06-02 1974-07-30 E Wilson Centrifugal marine propeller
JPS5996091A (ja) * 1982-11-22 1984-06-02 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd スキユ−ドプロペラ
DE3246730A1 (de) * 1982-12-17 1984-06-20 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Elektrisch angetriebene schiffsschraube
JPS59179293U (ja) * 1983-05-18 1984-11-30 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 プロペラ装置
EP1773653A1 (de) * 2004-07-01 2007-04-18 Ringprop Trading Limited Mantel- oder ringpropellerflügelschnittstelle
US8371819B2 (en) * 2005-11-01 2013-02-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Bellsion Quiet propeller
GB2482689A (en) * 2010-08-10 2012-02-15 Rolls Royce Plc Rotor structure of dynamo-electric machine
RU118939U1 (ru) * 2012-03-22 2012-08-10 Андрей Александрович Тарасенко Реверсивный равноупорный гребной винт

Patent Citations (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1518501A (en) * 1923-07-24 1924-12-09 Gill Propeller Company Ltd Screw propeller or the like
US1808032A (en) * 1924-01-22 1931-06-02 Gebers Friedrich Out of water propeller
US1895252A (en) * 1931-01-23 1933-01-24 Emmanuel G Kontos Propeller
US2270615A (en) * 1940-10-11 1942-01-20 Edward E Baldwin Propeller
US4135858A (en) * 1975-06-18 1979-01-23 Marcel Entat Method of producing propeller blades and improved propeller blades obtained by means of this method
US4358245A (en) * 1980-09-18 1982-11-09 Bolt Beranek And Newman Inc. Low noise fan
US4737077A (en) * 1986-09-12 1988-04-12 Aciers Et Outillage Peugeot Profiled blade of a fan and its application in motor-driven ventilating devices
US5064345A (en) * 1989-11-16 1991-11-12 Airflow Research And Manufacturing Corporation Multi-sweep blade with abrupt sweep transition
US5221187A (en) * 1990-12-21 1993-06-22 Flatgeotechtechnologie Per La Terra S.P.A. Axial fan, particularly for motor vehicles for agricultural use
US5273400A (en) * 1992-02-18 1993-12-28 Carrier Corporation Axial flow fan and fan orifice
US5393199A (en) * 1992-07-22 1995-02-28 Valeo Thermique Moteur Fan having a blade structure for reducing noise
US5306183A (en) * 1993-02-25 1994-04-26 Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute Inc. Propulsion systems for submarine vessels
US5513951A (en) * 1993-03-29 1996-05-07 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Blower device
US5996685A (en) * 1995-08-03 1999-12-07 Valeo Thermique Moteur Axial flow fan
US5906179A (en) * 1997-06-27 1999-05-25 Siemens Canada Limited High efficiency, low solidity, low weight, axial flow fan
US5967749A (en) * 1998-01-08 1999-10-19 Electric Boat Corporation Controllable pitch propeller arrangement
US6238184B1 (en) * 1998-03-30 2001-05-29 Gate S.P.A. Axial fan, particularly for motor vehicles
US6287078B1 (en) * 1998-12-31 2001-09-11 Halla Climate Control Corp. Axial flow fan
US7121807B2 (en) * 2003-03-05 2006-10-17 Halla Climate Control Corporation Axial-flow fan
US7585155B2 (en) * 2004-03-19 2009-09-08 Halla Climate Control Corp. Axial flow fan
US20120093669A1 (en) * 2010-10-18 2012-04-19 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Rim driven thruster having transverse flux motor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD800173S1 (en) * 2016-02-19 2017-10-17 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Vessel propulsion unit
US20230150631A1 (en) * 2020-04-02 2023-05-18 Open Inductions Pty Ltd Fluid drawing induction motor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1209708A1 (en) 2016-04-08
KR102112493B1 (ko) 2020-05-19
WO2014026993A1 (en) 2014-02-20
RU2015106853A (ru) 2016-10-10
PT2885203T (pt) 2017-04-24
ES2621905T3 (es) 2017-07-05
DK2885203T3 (en) 2017-05-01
BR112015003246A2 (pt) 2017-07-04
PL2885203T3 (pl) 2017-07-31
NO335877B1 (no) 2015-03-16
EP2885203A1 (de) 2015-06-24
JP6158331B2 (ja) 2017-07-05
NO20120899A1 (no) 2014-02-17
JP2015524771A (ja) 2015-08-27
KR20150043467A (ko) 2015-04-22
EP2885203B1 (de) 2017-02-15
HRP20170565T1 (hr) 2017-06-30
RU2628625C2 (ru) 2017-08-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20150210370A1 (en) Ring propeller with forward screw
EP2858893B1 (de) Schiffspropeller, pumpe impeller oder turbine propeller
US9328613B2 (en) Propeller arrangement, in particular for watercraft
US9868498B2 (en) Modular azimuth thruster
KR20100103982A (ko) 선박의 전류고정날개
US9676460B2 (en) Propulsion unit for maritime vessel
KR101425369B1 (ko) 핀 구조물을 갖는 덕트형 선체 부가물
WO2012148282A1 (en) Pod drive comprising a reduction gearing
KR20140015828A (ko) 선박용 추진 장치
KR101534284B1 (ko) 선박의 추진력 향상 장치
JP2011025918A (ja) 船舶用ノズルプロペラ
US7025642B1 (en) Boat propeller
EP2143631A1 (de) Asymmetrischer Vordrallstator eines Schiffes
CN105346697A (zh) 一种导管型船用螺旋桨
KR20120121112A (ko) 선박의 전류고정날개
KR20130138921A (ko) 선박용 풍력 추진 장치 및 이를 포함하는 선박
CN213008678U (zh) 一种船用螺旋桨的前进引流装置
CN103448897A (zh) 带有至少一个装备有螺旋泵推进器的轴系的轮船
WO2012050441A1 (en) Marine propeller with front and further blade
EP3112674A1 (de) Windturbinensystem zur erzeugung elektrischer energie auf einem schiff und schiff mit einem windturbinensystem
KR101475271B1 (ko) 오픈 샤프트 선박의 유동제어장치
KR20120110232A (ko) 선박의 방향타에 구비되는 추진효율 증대 구조체
KR200496402Y1 (ko) 연료 효율이 향상된 선박
KR20060033091A (ko) 리블렛 표면을 적용한 선박용 프로펠러
FI12771Y1 (fi) Potkurin hyötysuhteen parantaminen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: ROLLS-ROYCE MARINE AS, NORWAY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:JOHANNESSEN, JAHN TERJE;REEL/FRAME:034928/0631

Effective date: 20120917

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: FINAL REJECTION MAILED

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: RESPONSE AFTER FINAL ACTION FORWARDED TO EXAMINER

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: ADVISORY ACTION MAILED

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION