US20140332125A1 - Autoignition Compositions - Google Patents
Autoignition Compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20140332125A1 US20140332125A1 US14/336,666 US201414336666A US2014332125A1 US 20140332125 A1 US20140332125 A1 US 20140332125A1 US 201414336666 A US201414336666 A US 201414336666A US 2014332125 A1 US2014332125 A1 US 2014332125A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- nitrogen
- free
- weight percent
- gas generator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/009—Wetting agents, hydrophobing agents, dehydrating agents, antistatic additives, viscosity improvers, antiagglomerating agents, grinding agents and other additives for working up
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B29/00—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate
- C06B29/02—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B29/00—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate
- C06B29/02—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal
- C06B29/08—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C9/00—Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
- B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
- B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
- B60R21/264—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous generation of gas, e.g. pyrotechnic
- B60R21/2644—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous generation of gas, e.g. pyrotechnic using only solid reacting substances, e.g. pellets, powder
- B60R2021/2648—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous generation of gas, e.g. pyrotechnic using only solid reacting substances, e.g. pellets, powder comprising a plurality of combustion chambers or sub-chambers
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to gas generating systems, and to autoignition compositions employed in gas generator devices for automotive restraint systems, for example.
- the present invention relates to autoignition compositions that upon ignition provide the flame front and pressure front necessary to safely ignite gas generant compositions in combustible communication therewith.
- gas generators are typically provided with an autoignition composition that in the event of a fire, ignites responsive to a desired threshold temperature. As a result, the gas generant is ignited prior to melting for example, thereby safely igniting the main gas generant composition to inhibit or prevent the likelihood of an explosive event once the gas generant begins to combust.
- gas generating systems including an autoignition composition containing an alkali metal Chlorate, such as potassium chlorate, a carboxylic acid as a fuel, and a desiccant or moisture retaining material combined with the oxidizer and fuel.
- alkali metal Chlorate such as potassium chlorate
- carboxylic acid such as a fuel
- desiccant or moisture retaining material combined with the oxidizer and fuel.
- a gas generator and a vehicle occupant protection system incorporating the autoignition system are also included.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view showing the general structure of an inflator in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an exemplary vehicle occupant restraint system containing a gas generant composition in accordance with the present invention.
- the present compositions contain an alkali metal chlorate oxidizer such as potassium chlorate at about 25-75%. and more preferably about 40-60%, by weight of the total composition, a carboxylic acid as a fuel at about 25-75%, and more preferably about 30-40%, by weight of the total composition, and a desiccant at about 5-35%, and more preferably about 10-30%, by weight of the total composition.
- Extrusion aids or processing additives such as graphite or fumed silica may be added in relatively smaller amounts, such as 0.1-2% by weight of the total composition for example. It has been found that the decomposition typically identified in other potassium chlorate/carboxylic acid compositions that are employed as autoignition compositions is mitigated or eliminated by including a desiccant in the autoignition composition.
- compositions contain a chlorate such as an alkali, alkaline earth, or transitional metal chlorate; a fuel selected from DL-tartaric acid, carboxylic or dicarboxylic acids, or compounds having at least one —COOH— group; a second fuel selected from an azole including tetrazoles, triazoles, and furazans; an oxidizer selected from metal and nonmetal nitrates or other known oxidizers not containing a perchlorate.
- the carboxylic acid will have a primary hydrogen or PKA less than or equal to 3.
- the total fuel constituent including the carboxylic fuel and the second fuel is provided at about 20-45% by weight of the total composition; the oxidizer constituent is provided at about 30-50% by weight of the total composition; and the potassium chlorate or metal chlorate is provided at about 10-20% by weight of the total composition, wherein the weight percent of the chlorate is separately calculated from that of the oxidizer.
- the composition may be formed by wet or dry mixing the constituents in a granulated form in a known manner, and then palletizing or otherwise limning the composition for further use.
- the constituents may be provided by Fisher Chemical, Aldrich Chemical, GFS, and other known suppliers.
- Carboxylic acids may be selected from the group including tartaric acid and its isomers, succinic acid, glutamic acid, adipic acid and mucic acid, and mixtures thereof DL-tartaric acid is particularly preferred.
- An exemplary formulation is provided that functions as s booster and an autoignition composition.
- the formulation utilizes 5-aminotetrazole, DL-tartaric acid, strontium nitrate, and potassium chlorate.
- the propellant formed from these constituents results in an approximate 67% gas yield.
- the impact sensitivity of this formulation has an HD50 of 11.5 inches.
- gas generators made as known in the art and also vehicle occupant protection systems manufactured as known in the art are also contemplated, as such, autoignition compositions of the present invention are employed in gas generators, seat belt assemblies, and/or vehicle occupant protection systems, all manufactured as known in the art.
- Carboxylic acids may be selected from the group including tartaric acid and its isomers, succinic acid, glutamic acid, adipic acid, and mucic acid, and mixtures thereof. DL-tartaric acid is particularly preferred.
- the present compositions may also include processing additives such as flow agents and lubricants common in the art such as fumed silica and graphite.
- the desiccant may be any material that will absorb or react with water to remove it from the other components in the autoignition mixture. Exemplary desiccants are activated or hydrated calcium sulfate (DRIERITE®), clay, silica gel, calcium oxide, and zeolites or molecular sieves.
- Zeolites as shown in the tables, are particularly effective in assuring an autoignition temperature at or below 200 C, and also in minimizing the mass differential of an autoignition composition before and after heat aging as defined below. All compositional constituents are available from Sigma-Aldrich, or other known suppliers.
- the oxidizer generally contains potassium chlorates, but may also contain one or more other alkali metal chlorates.
- autoignition compositions of the present invention typically perform at optimum levels, even after standard heat aging of over 400 hours.
- gas generators made as known in the art and also vehicle occupant protection systems manufactured as known in the art are also contemplated, As such, autoignition compositions of the present invention are employed in. gas generators, seat belt assemblies, and/or vehicle occupant protection systems, all manufactured as known in the art.
- the present compositions may be employed within a gas generating system.
- a vehicle occupant protection system made in a known way contains crash sensors in electrical communication with an airbag inflator in the steering wheel, and also with a seatbelt assembly
- the gas generating compositions of the present invention may be employed in both subassemblies within the broader vehicle occupant protection system or gas generating system. More specifically, each gas generator employed in the automotive gas generating system may contain a gas generating composition as described herein.
- Extrusion aides may be selected from the group including, talc, graphite, borazine [(BN) 3 ], boron nitride, fumed silica, and fumed alumina.
- the extrusion aid preferably constitutes 0-10% and more preferably constitutes 0-5% of the total composition.
- compositions may be dry or wet mixed using methods known in the art.
- the various constituents are generally provided in particulate form and mixed to form a uniform mixture with the other gas generant constituents.
- an exemplary nitrogen-free inflator incorporates a dual chamber design to tailor the force of deployment an associated airbag.
- an inflator containing a primary gas generant 12 and an autoignition composition 14 formed as described herein may be manufactured as known in the art, U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,422,601, 6,805,377, 6,659,500, 6,749,219, and 6,752,421 exemplify typical airbag inflator designs and are each incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
- Airbag system 200 includes at least one airbag 202 and an inflator 10 containing a gas generant composition 12 in accordance with the present invention, coupled to airbag 202 so as to enable fluid communication with an interior of the airbag.
- Airbag system 200 may also include (or be in communication with) a crash event sensor 210 .
- Crash event sensor 210 includes a known crash sensor algorithm that signals actuation of airbag system 200 via, for example, activation of airbag inflator 10 in the event of a collision.
- a nitrogen-free airbag system 200 may also be incorporated into a broader, more comprehensive nitrogen—free vehicle occupant restraint system 180 including additional elements such as a safety belt assembly 150 .
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of one exemplary embodiment of such a restraint system.
- Safety belt assembly 150 includes a safety belt housing 152 and a safety belt 100 extending from housing 152 .
- a safety belt retractor mechanism 154 (for example, a spring-loaded mechanism) may be coupled to an end portion of the belt.
- a safety belt pretensioner 156 containing propellant 12 and autoignition 14 may he coupled to belt retractor mechanism 154 to actuate the retractor mechanism in the event of a collision.
- Typical seat belt retractor mechanisms which may be used in conjunction with the safety belt embodiments of the present invention are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,743,480, 5,553,803, 5667,161, 5,451,008, 4,558,832 and 4,597,546, each incorporated herein by reference.
- Illustrative examples of typical pretensioners with which the safety belt embodiments of the present invention may be combined are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,505,790 and 6,419,177, incorporated herein by reference.
- Safety belt assembly 150 may also include (or be in communication with) a crash event sensor 156 (for example, an inertia sensor or an accelerometer) including a known crash sensor algorithm that signals actuation of belt pretensioner 156 via, for example, activation of a pyrotechnic igniter (not shown) incorporated into the pretensioner.
- a crash event sensor 156 for example, an inertia sensor or an accelerometer
- U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,505,790 and 6,419,177 previously incorporated herein by reference, provide illustrative examples of pretensioners actuated in such a manner.
- safety belt assembly 150 airbag system 200 , and more broadly, vehicle occupant protection system 180 exemplify but do not limit gas generating systems contemplated in accordance with the present invention.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A nitrogen-free gas generator 10 includes an autoignition composition that contains an alkali metal chlorate such as potassium chlorate as an oxidizer, a carboxylic acid such as DL tartaric acid as a fuel, and a desiccant in operable communication therewith. Gas generating systems 180 such as vehicle occupant protection systems 180, containing the gas generator 10, are also provided.
Description
- This application is a continuation-in-part of co-pending and co-owned U.S. application Ser. No. 11/479,493, having a filing date of Jun. 30, 2006, which in turn claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No 60/695,925 tiled on Jun. 30, 2005.
- The present invention relates generally to gas generating systems, and to autoignition compositions employed in gas generator devices for automotive restraint systems, for example.
- The present invention relates to autoignition compositions that upon ignition provide the flame front and pressure front necessary to safely ignite gas generant compositions in combustible communication therewith. As known in the art, gas generators are typically provided with an autoignition composition that in the event of a fire, ignites responsive to a desired threshold temperature. As a result, the gas generant is ignited prior to melting for example, thereby safely igniting the main gas generant composition to inhibit or prevent the likelihood of an explosive event once the gas generant begins to combust.
- The use of potassium chlorate within an autoignition composition has been considered given the autoignition properties of this oxidizer. Furthermore, carboxylic acid in combination with potassium chlorate typically provides a desired autoignition temperature of 200 degrees Celsius or less. Nevertheless, these types of compositions sometimes decompose given their hygroscopicity or tendency to absorb moisture. Unsuccessful attempts have been made to inhibit moisture retention or uptake within these compositions without adversely affecting the desired autoignition temperature.
- The above-referenced concerns are resolved by gas generating systems including an autoignition composition containing an alkali metal Chlorate, such as potassium chlorate, a carboxylic acid as a fuel, and a desiccant or moisture retaining material combined with the oxidizer and fuel. Other constituents including extrusion aids, such as flamed silica and/or graphite, may be included in relatively small amounts.
- In further accordance with the present invention, a gas generator and a vehicle occupant protection system incorporating the autoignition system are also included.
-
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view showing the general structure of an inflator in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an exemplary vehicle occupant restraint system containing a gas generant composition in accordance with the present invention. - The present compositions contain an alkali metal chlorate oxidizer such as potassium chlorate at about 25-75%. and more preferably about 40-60%, by weight of the total composition, a carboxylic acid as a fuel at about 25-75%, and more preferably about 30-40%, by weight of the total composition, and a desiccant at about 5-35%, and more preferably about 10-30%, by weight of the total composition. Extrusion aids or processing additives such as graphite or fumed silica may be added in relatively smaller amounts, such as 0.1-2% by weight of the total composition for example. It has been found that the decomposition typically identified in other potassium chlorate/carboxylic acid compositions that are employed as autoignition compositions is mitigated or eliminated by including a desiccant in the autoignition composition.
- The present compositions contain a chlorate such as an alkali, alkaline earth, or transitional metal chlorate; a fuel selected from DL-tartaric acid, carboxylic or dicarboxylic acids, or compounds having at least one —COOH— group; a second fuel selected from an azole including tetrazoles, triazoles, and furazans; an oxidizer selected from metal and nonmetal nitrates or other known oxidizers not containing a perchlorate. The carboxylic acid will have a primary hydrogen or PKA less than or equal to 3.
- In one embodiment, the total fuel constituent including the carboxylic fuel and the second fuel is provided at about 20-45% by weight of the total composition; the oxidizer constituent is provided at about 30-50% by weight of the total composition; and the potassium chlorate or metal chlorate is provided at about 10-20% by weight of the total composition, wherein the weight percent of the chlorate is separately calculated from that of the oxidizer. The composition may be formed by wet or dry mixing the constituents in a granulated form in a known manner, and then palletizing or otherwise limning the composition for further use. The constituents may be provided by Fisher Chemical, Aldrich Chemical, GFS, and other known suppliers.
- Carboxylic acids may be selected from the group including tartaric acid and its isomers, succinic acid, glutamic acid, adipic acid and mucic acid, and mixtures thereof DL-tartaric acid is particularly preferred.
- An exemplary formulation is provided that functions as s booster and an autoignition composition. The formulation utilizes 5-aminotetrazole, DL-tartaric acid, strontium nitrate, and potassium chlorate. The propellant formed from these constituents results in an approximate 67% gas yield. The impact sensitivity of this formulation has an HD50 of 11.5 inches.
- It will be appreciated that in further accordance with the present invention, gas generators made as known in the art and also vehicle occupant protection systems manufactured as known in the art are also contemplated, As such, autoignition compositions of the present invention are employed in gas generators, seat belt assemblies, and/or vehicle occupant protection systems, all manufactured as known in the art.
- Carboxylic acids may be selected from the group including tartaric acid and its isomers, succinic acid, glutamic acid, adipic acid, and mucic acid, and mixtures thereof. DL-tartaric acid is particularly preferred. The present compositions may also include processing additives such as flow agents and lubricants common in the art such as fumed silica and graphite. The desiccant may be any material that will absorb or react with water to remove it from the other components in the autoignition mixture. Exemplary desiccants are activated or hydrated calcium sulfate (DRIERITE®), clay, silica gel, calcium oxide, and zeolites or molecular sieves. Zeolites, as shown in the tables, are particularly effective in assuring an autoignition temperature at or below 200 C, and also in minimizing the mass differential of an autoignition composition before and after heat aging as defined below. All compositional constituents are available from Sigma-Aldrich, or other known suppliers.
- The oxidizer generally contains potassium chlorates, but may also contain one or more other alkali metal chlorates.
- Accordingly, autoignition compositions of the present invention typically perform at optimum levels, even after standard heat aging of over 400 hours.
- It will be appreciated that in further accordance with the present invention, gas generators made as known in the art and also vehicle occupant protection systems manufactured as known in the art are also contemplated, As such, autoignition compositions of the present invention are employed in. gas generators, seat belt assemblies, and/or vehicle occupant protection systems, all manufactured as known in the art.
- In yet another aspect of the invention, the present compositions may be employed within a gas generating system. For example, schematically shown in
FIG. 2 , a vehicle occupant protection system made in a known way contains crash sensors in electrical communication with an airbag inflator in the steering wheel, and also with a seatbelt assembly, The gas generating compositions of the present invention may be employed in both subassemblies within the broader vehicle occupant protection system or gas generating system. More specifically, each gas generator employed in the automotive gas generating system may contain a gas generating composition as described herein. - Extrusion aides may be selected from the group including, talc, graphite, borazine [(BN)3], boron nitride, fumed silica, and fumed alumina. The extrusion aid preferably constitutes 0-10% and more preferably constitutes 0-5% of the total composition.
- The compositions may be dry or wet mixed using methods known in the art. The various constituents are generally provided in particulate form and mixed to form a uniform mixture with the other gas generant constituents.
- It should be noted that all percents given herein are weight percents based on the total weight of the gas generant. composition. The chemicals described herein may be supplied by companies such as Aldrich Chemical Company for example.
- As shown in
FIG. 1 , an exemplary nitrogen-free inflator incorporates a dual chamber design to tailor the force of deployment an associated airbag. In general, an inflator containing a primary gas generant 12 and an autoignition composition 14 formed as described herein, may be manufactured as known in the art, U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,422,601, 6,805,377, 6,659,500, 6,749,219, and 6,752,421 exemplify typical airbag inflator designs and are each incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. - Referring now to
FIG. 2 , the exemplary nitrogen-free inflator 10 described above may also be incorporated into anairbag system 200.Airbag system 200 includes at least oneairbag 202 and aninflator 10 containing a gasgenerant composition 12 in accordance with the present invention, coupled toairbag 202 so as to enable fluid communication with an interior of the airbag.Airbag system 200 may also include (or be in communication with) acrash event sensor 210.Crash event sensor 210 includes a known crash sensor algorithm that signals actuation ofairbag system 200 via, for example, activation ofairbag inflator 10 in the event of a collision. - Referring again to
FIG. 2 , a nitrogen-free airbag system 200 may also be incorporated into a broader, more comprehensive nitrogen—free vehicleoccupant restraint system 180 including additional elements such as asafety belt assembly 150.FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of one exemplary embodiment of such a restraint system.Safety belt assembly 150 includes asafety belt housing 152 and asafety belt 100 extending fromhousing 152. A safety belt retractor mechanism 154 (for example, a spring-loaded mechanism) may be coupled to an end portion of the belt. In addition, asafety belt pretensioner 156 containingpropellant 12 and autoignition 14 may he coupled to beltretractor mechanism 154 to actuate the retractor mechanism in the event of a collision. Typical seat belt retractor mechanisms which may be used in conjunction with the safety belt embodiments of the present invention are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,743,480, 5,553,803, 5667,161, 5,451,008, 4,558,832 and 4,597,546, each incorporated herein by reference. Illustrative examples of typical pretensioners with which the safety belt embodiments of the present invention may be combined are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,505,790 and 6,419,177, incorporated herein by reference. -
Safety belt assembly 150 may also include (or be in communication with) a crash event sensor 156 (for example, an inertia sensor or an accelerometer) including a known crash sensor algorithm that signals actuation ofbelt pretensioner 156 via, for example, activation of a pyrotechnic igniter (not shown) incorporated into the pretensioner. U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,505,790 and 6,419,177, previously incorporated herein by reference, provide illustrative examples of pretensioners actuated in such a manner. - It should be appreciated that
safety belt assembly 150,airbag system 200, and more broadly, vehicleoccupant protection system 180 exemplify but do not limit gas generating systems contemplated in accordance with the present invention. - The present description is for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed to limit the breadth of the present invention in any way. Thus, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications could be made to the presently disclosed embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A nitrogen-free gas generator comprising:
a nitrogen-free auto-ignition composition consisting essentially of an alkali metal chlorate as an oxidizer provided at about 25-75 weight percent, and a carboxylic acid as a fuel provided at about 25-75 weight percent, said percentages stated by weight of the total composition; and
a desiccant in operable communication with said nitrogen-free auto-ignition composition,
wherein said nitrogen-free auto-ignition composition auto-ignites at a temperature equal to or below 200 C, and, wherein said nitrogen-free auto-ignition composition when heat aged for 648 hours at 107 C does not react with aluminum in a sealed container.
2. The nitrogen-free gas generator of claim 1 wherein said desiccant is mixed into said composition at about 10-35 weight percent of the total composition, said desiccant selected from the group consisting of zeolite, calcium oxide, and silica.
3. The nitrogen-free gas generator of claim 1 wherein said desiccant is in vapor communication with, but physically separated from, said composition, and said desiccant is provided in amounts resulting in a mass differential of about −5.0 to 5.0% of the composition after heat aging at 107 C for 400 hours.
4. The nitrogen-free gas generator of claim I wherein said composition contains an extrusion aid provided at about 0.1-10 weight percent of the total gas generant composition.
5. The nitrogen-free gas generator of claim 4 wherein said extrusion aid is selected from graphite, fumed silica, and mixtures thereof.
6. The nitrogen-free gas generator of claim 1 wherein said alkali metal chlorate is potassium chlorate.
7. The gas nitrogen-free generator of claim 1 wherein said carboxylic acid is selected from tartaric acid and its isomers, succinic acid, glutamic acid, adipic acid, and mucic acid, and mixtures thereof.
8. The nitrogen-free gas generator of claim 1 wherein said carboxylic acid is DL-tartaric acid.
9. A nitrogen-free gas generating system comprising:
a gas generator comprising a composition, said composition containing an all metal chlorate as an oxidizer provided at about 25-75 weight percent, and said composition further containing a carboxylic acid as a fuel provided at about 25-75 weight percent, said percentages stated by weight of the total gas generant composition; and
a desiccant in operable communication with said composition.
10. The nitrogen-free gas generating system of claim 9 wherein said desiccant is mixed into said composition at about 10-35 weight percent of the total composition.
11. The nitrogen-free gas generating system of claim 9 wherein said desiccant is in vapor communication with, but physically separated from, said composition.
12. The nitrogen-free gas generating system of claim 9 wherein said system is a vehicle occupant protection system.
13. A nitrogen-free gas generator comprising:
a nitrogen-free auto-ignition composition containing potassium chlorate as an oxidizer provided at about 25-75 weight percent, and DL-tartaric acid as a fuel provided at about 25-75 weight percent, said percentages stated by weight of the total composition; and
a desiccant in operable communication with said composition,
wherein said nitrogen-free composition when aged for 646 hours at 107 C does not react with aluminum within a sealed container.
14. The nitrogen-free gas generator of claim 13 wherein said nitrogen-free composition further comprises zeolite.
15. A nitrogen-free gas generator comprising:
a nitrogen-free auto-ignition composition consisting of an alkali metal chlorate as an oxidizer provided at about 25-75 weight percent, and one or more carboxylic acids as a fuel provided at about 25-75 weight percent, said percentages stated by weight of the total composition;
and
a zeolite in vapor communication with said composition.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/336,666 US20140332125A1 (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2014-07-21 | Autoignition Compositions |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US69592505P | 2005-06-30 | 2005-06-30 | |
US11/479,493 US8784585B2 (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Autoignition compositions |
US14/336,666 US20140332125A1 (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2014-07-21 | Autoignition Compositions |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/479,493 Division US8784585B2 (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Autoignition compositions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20140332125A1 true US20140332125A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
Family
ID=37605065
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/479,493 Expired - Fee Related US8784585B2 (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Autoignition compositions |
US14/336,666 Abandoned US20140332125A1 (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2014-07-21 | Autoignition Compositions |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/479,493 Expired - Fee Related US8784585B2 (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Autoignition compositions |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US8784585B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2009500276A (en) |
DE (1) | DE112006001782T5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007005653A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9046327B2 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2015-06-02 | Tk Holdings Inc. | Gas generator |
US20090008003A1 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2009-01-08 | Burns Sean P | Gas generant |
DE112007002820T5 (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2009-10-22 | TK Holdings, Inc., Armada | Ignition / booster composition |
US9556078B1 (en) | 2008-04-07 | 2017-01-31 | Tk Holdings Inc. | Gas generator |
JP5797578B2 (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2015-10-21 | 株式会社ダイセル | Deterioration delay composition for gas generant |
US9073512B1 (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2015-07-07 | Tk Holdings Inc. | Gas generating system with gas generant cushion |
DE102012024809B4 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-09-11 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Pyrotechnic mixture for generating an aerosol and its use |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5670740A (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 1997-09-23 | Morton International, Inc. | Heterogeneous gas generant charges |
US6517647B1 (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2003-02-11 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Gas generating agent composition and gas generator |
Family Cites Families (41)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2985979A (en) | 1960-04-29 | 1961-05-30 | Jerry M Doyle | Moisture absorbing plug for a firearm chamber |
US3111899A (en) | 1961-09-11 | 1963-11-26 | Wefo Pyrotechnische Fabrik Wis | Flare cartridge |
US3558285A (en) | 1969-10-01 | 1971-01-26 | Us Army | Propellant gas generator |
US3711115A (en) | 1970-11-24 | 1973-01-16 | Allied Chem | Pyrotechnic gas generator |
US3862866A (en) | 1971-08-02 | 1975-01-28 | Specialty Products Dev Corp | Gas generator composition and method |
US3902934A (en) | 1972-06-08 | 1975-09-02 | Specialty Products Dev Corp | Gas generating compositions |
US3880595A (en) * | 1972-06-08 | 1975-04-29 | Hubert G Timmerman | Gas generating compositions and apparatus |
US3785149A (en) | 1972-06-08 | 1974-01-15 | Specialty Prod Dev Corp | Method for filling a bag with water vapor and carbon dioxide gas |
US3787010A (en) | 1973-04-06 | 1974-01-22 | Us Army | Inflating apparatus |
JPS5128616B2 (en) | 1973-04-17 | 1976-08-20 | ||
US3849923A (en) | 1973-11-12 | 1974-11-26 | E Hawkins | Desiccating cartridge for firearm barrels |
DE2826952A1 (en) | 1978-06-20 | 1980-01-10 | Bayer Ag | ENANTIOMER SEPARATION OF CHIRAL CARBONIC ACIDS |
US4244295A (en) | 1979-01-10 | 1981-01-13 | Gte Products Corporation | Radiant energy activated pyrotechnic cap having desiccant therein |
US4301732A (en) | 1979-06-20 | 1981-11-24 | Sickle Norman E Van | Tracer bullet |
US5221765A (en) | 1992-01-24 | 1993-06-22 | Ethyl Corporation | Racemization process for an optically active carboxylic acid or ester thereof |
US5682014A (en) | 1993-08-02 | 1997-10-28 | Thiokol Corporation | Bitetrazoleamine gas generant compositions |
US5518054A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1996-05-21 | Morton International, Inc. | Processing aids for gas generants |
US5380380A (en) | 1994-02-09 | 1995-01-10 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Ignition compositions for inflator gas generators |
US5486248A (en) | 1994-05-31 | 1996-01-23 | Morton International, Inc. | Extrudable gas generant for hybrid air bag inflation system |
US5854442A (en) | 1995-03-31 | 1998-12-29 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Gas generator compositions |
US6486231B1 (en) | 1995-04-19 | 2002-11-26 | Csp Technologies, Inc. | Co-continuous interconnecting channel morphology composition |
US5567905A (en) | 1996-01-30 | 1996-10-22 | Morton International, Inc. | Gas generant compositions containing D 1-tartaric acid |
GB9602266D0 (en) | 1996-02-05 | 1996-04-03 | West Co | Composition |
US5763821A (en) | 1996-05-17 | 1998-06-09 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Autoignition propellant containing superfine iron oxide |
US6077371A (en) * | 1997-02-10 | 2000-06-20 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Gas generants comprising transition metal nitrite complexes |
US5861571A (en) | 1997-04-18 | 1999-01-19 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Gas-generative composition consisting essentially of ammonium perchlorate plus a chlorine scavenger and an organic fuel |
KR100381107B1 (en) | 1998-02-25 | 2003-04-18 | 니뽄 가야쿠 가부시키가이샤 | Gas generator composition |
US6588797B1 (en) | 1999-04-15 | 2003-07-08 | Trw Inc. | Reduced smoke gas generant with improved temperature stability |
JP2001002488A (en) | 1999-06-17 | 2001-01-09 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Composition of gas generating agent for pretensionor |
US6800154B1 (en) | 1999-07-26 | 2004-10-05 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Emulsion compositions |
DE19950311A1 (en) | 1999-10-13 | 2001-04-19 | Schering Ag | Stable storage of parenteral ultrasonic contrast agent formulation, using vial closed with dry stopper to prevent reduction of in vivo effectiveness |
JP2001163171A (en) | 1999-12-10 | 2001-06-19 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | Gas generator |
JP4500399B2 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2010-07-14 | ダイセル化学工業株式会社 | Gas generant composition containing triazine derivative |
US6685223B2 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2004-02-03 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Airbag release aid |
JP2002012125A (en) | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-15 | Takata Corp | Air bag inflator and manufacturing method for it |
CN1304224C (en) | 2001-08-09 | 2007-03-14 | 日本化药株式会社 | Gas generator |
US6752421B2 (en) | 2002-01-03 | 2004-06-22 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Airbag inflator |
US20060220362A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-05 | Hordos Deborah L | Gas generator |
US20070044675A1 (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-01 | Burns Sean P | Autoignition compositions |
DE112006002624T5 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2008-08-07 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc., Armada | Gas generating means |
DE112007002820T5 (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2009-10-22 | TK Holdings, Inc., Armada | Ignition / booster composition |
-
2006
- 2006-06-30 JP JP2008519631A patent/JP2009500276A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-06-30 WO PCT/US2006/025666 patent/WO2007005653A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-06-30 US US11/479,493 patent/US8784585B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-06-30 DE DE112006001782T patent/DE112006001782T5/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-07-21 US US14/336,666 patent/US20140332125A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5670740A (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 1997-09-23 | Morton International, Inc. | Heterogeneous gas generant charges |
US6517647B1 (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2003-02-11 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Gas generating agent composition and gas generator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007005653A3 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
US8784585B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 |
JP2009500276A (en) | 2009-01-08 |
US20070113940A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
DE112006001782T5 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
WO2007005653A2 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20140332125A1 (en) | Autoignition Compositions | |
US20080078486A1 (en) | Gas generating system and composition | |
US6287400B1 (en) | Gas generant composition | |
US20070034307A1 (en) | Autoignition/booster composition | |
US6132480A (en) | Gas forming igniter composition for a gas generant | |
US20050263223A1 (en) | Gas generating system | |
EP0607446B1 (en) | Gas generating agent for air bags | |
US7950691B1 (en) | Inflator body with adapter form end | |
US20070246138A1 (en) | Gas generant compositions | |
US6007647A (en) | Autoignition compositions for inflator gas generators | |
US7959749B2 (en) | Gas generating composition | |
US20060022443A1 (en) | Gas generator containing a flash suppressant | |
US6475312B1 (en) | Method of formulating a gas generant composition | |
KR20030039374A (en) | Autoignition for gas generators | |
US20060118218A1 (en) | Gas generant composition | |
US20080149232A1 (en) | Gas generant compositions | |
US10214460B2 (en) | Booster composition | |
US6673173B1 (en) | Gas generation with reduced NOx formation | |
JP2008174441A (en) | Gas generating system and composition | |
US5997666A (en) | GN, AGN and KP gas generator composition | |
JPH09118580A (en) | Ignition agent composition for nonazide-type gas generating agent | |
US20110057429A1 (en) | Gas generating system and composition | |
US8657974B1 (en) | Gas generator | |
US8282750B1 (en) | Gas generant with auto-ignition function | |
EP0944562B1 (en) | Autoignition compositions for inflator gas generators |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: TK HOLDINGS INC., MICHIGAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BURNS, SEAN P;HORDOS, DEBORAH L;NEWELL, JASON;SIGNING DATES FROM 20140718 TO 20140721;REEL/FRAME:033354/0727 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |