US20140283541A1

US20140283541A1 - Building built-in air conditioning system

Info

Publication number: US20140283541A1
Application number: US14/240,457
Authority: US
Inventors: Zhengyi Feng
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-08-25
Filing date: 2011-08-25
Publication date: 2014-09-25
Also published as: JP2014527151A; CN103842730B; WO2013026206A1; KR20140053364A; DE112011105555T5; CN103842730A

Abstract

A building built-in air conditioning system comprising: an external heat exchanger (1), a reversing valve (2), a compressor (4), and microporous tubes (9, 10, 11). The microporous tubes are metal capillaries bound on a construction steel bar (12) and integrated with the concrete by casting. each microporous tube has a first end welded to a first guiding tube and a second end welded to a second guiding tube, the plurality of microporous tubes are thus connected to the guiding tubes in parallel, the guiding tube on first ends of the microporous tubes is connected to the right-side port of the reversing valve 3, the second guiding tube on the second ends of the microporous tubes is connected to the lower port of the external heat exchanger 1 through a throttle component 5, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, the center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4, an inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4. The external heat exchanger may be at least one of the heat exchangers including an air-cooled heat exchanger, a water-cooled heat exchanger, a foundation heat exchanger, and a solar panel heat exchanger. The air conditioning system has the advantages of longer life span, lower noise, and lower level of maintenance. The carbon emission and electricity cost of an air conditioning system according the example embodiments are also low.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a building built-in air conditioning system, and more particularly to a building built-in air conditioning system for heating and cooling.

BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY

At present, for a regular air conditioner, an indoor fan coil unit of the air conditioner is used for heating or cooling. Because the specific heat of the air is small, the energy transfer for the heating or cooling process can only be realized by way of air convection, and thus the efficiency of the air conditioner is low. The lowest evaporation temperature of the air-source hot water heating system of the air conditioner has to be lower than −20° C. When the condensing temperature is about 50° C., no matter what refrigerant is used, the compression ratio required will be larger than 7, which is far beyond the normal compression ratio work range of a regular air conditioner. This type of air conditioner cannot be used in the northern part of China for heating purpose.
The inventor of the present invention had invented before a patent using water capillaries or water tubes for heating systems; however, by using the system, a large amount of energy will be lost during the heat transfer between water and air and thus the whole system's efficiency is low. Meanwhile, the cost for installing water pumps, heat exchangers and water capillaries is much higher than the cost for the air-conditioning system disclosed in the present invention. Another shortcoming of existing systems is that when the system stops supply heat in winter, the water capillaries may be damaged.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a new building built-in air conditioning system.
The heating output of a heating system is: Q=SρC, where S stands for the size of heat output area, ρ stands for heat conductivity, and C stands for temperature. The heating efficiency of Carnot cycle is ^ε=Ta/Ta−T0, where Ta stands for condensing temperature, and T0 stands for evaporation temperature. Based on these two formulas, example embodiments of the present invention are intended to substantially decrease the heat transfer resistance of the air conditioning system, substantially increase the heat dissipation area of the air conditioning system, substantially decrease the condensing temperature of the air conditioning system, and increase the evaporation temperature of the air conditioning system. Thus the present invention provides a new air conditioning system having a high coefficient of performance. For example, in an example embodiment, when the condensing temperature is 26° C., the room temperature is 18° C. The level of heat dissipation of the surface of the building concrete is higher than 70 W/m2. The energy loss during heat transfer is small. This satisfies the requirement of heating when the outdoor temperature is below −20° C.
In an example embodiment of the present invention, a building built-in air conditioning system comprises an external heat exchanger, a reversing valve, a compressor, a plurality of microporous tubes, wherein the plurality of microporous tubes are metal capillaries, which are bound to the construction steel bars 12 and are integrated with the construction steel bars 12 as a whole piece by cement casting, each microporous tube has a first end welded to a first guiding tube and a second end welded to a second guiding tube, the plurality of microporous tubes are thus connected to the guiding tubes in parallel, the guiding tube on first ends of the microporous tubes is connected to the right-side port of the reversing valve 3, the second guiding tube on the second ends of the microporous tubes is connected to the lower port of the external heat exchanger 1 through a throttle component 5, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, the center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4, an inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4. The external heat exchanger may be at least one of the heat exchangers including an air-cooled heat exchanger, a water-cooled heat exchanger, a foundation heat exchanger, and a solar panel heat exchanger. The compressor may be inverter compressor.
In an example embodiment of the present invention, a building built-in air conditioning system comprises an external heat exchanger, a reversing valve, a compressor, a plurality of microporous tubes, wherein the microporous tubes are metal capillaries, PERT capillaries or PB capillaries or carbon fabric, the microporous tubes are attached to a ceiling of a building and side walls of the building, each microporous tube has a first end welded to a first guiding tube and a second end welded to a second guiding tube, the plurality of microporous tubes are thus connected to the guiding tubes in parallel, the first guiding tube on first ends of the microporous tubes 9 attached to the ceiling is connected to the first guiding tube on first ends of the microporous tubes 10 attached to the side walls through a capillary 19, an electromagnetic valve 20 is connected to the capillary 19 in parallel, the second guiding tube on the second ends of the microporous tubes 10 attached to the side walls is connected to the lower port of the external heat exchanger 1 through the throttle component 5, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, the second guiding tubes on the second ends of the microporous tubes 9 attached to the ceiling is connected to the right-side port of the reversing valve 3, and a center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4.
In this example embodiment, reinforcing bars may be formed in the microporous tubes. A heat conductive layer 16 made of graphite, sands, cement or metal powder is formed between the microporous tubes. An insulation layer 15 made of inorganic one-way heat conductive materials or an vacuum insulation layer is formed on the heat conductive layer 16. One end of a water-cooled heat exchanger 17 is connected between the inlet of the reversing valve 3 and the outlet of the compressor 4. The other end of the water-cooled heat exchanger 17 is connected to an indoor water tube.
In another example embodiment, a building built-in air conditioning system comprises an external heat exchanger, a reversing valve, a one-way valve, a dehumidifier, a throttle tube, a compressor, and a plurality of microporous tubes, wherein the microporous tubes are metal capillaries, PERT capillaries or PB capillaries, the microporous tubes are attached to a ceiling of a building and a floor of the building, each microporous tube has a first end welded to a first guiding tube and a second end welded to a second guiding tube, the plurality of microporous tubes are thus connected to the guiding tubes in parallel, the first guiding tube on first ends of the microporous tubes is connected to the right-side port of the reversing valve 3 through the one-way valve 8, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, the second guiding tubes on the second ends of the microporous tubes is connected to the lower port of the external heat exchanger 1, a center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4, an inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4. The dehumidifier 28 is connected to the one-way valve 8 in parallel. The throttle tube 31 is connected between the outlet of the one-way valve and the dehumidifier 28.
In another example embodiment of the present invention, a building built-in air conditioning system comprises a base pile heat exchanger, a reversing valve, an compressor expander, wherein the base pile heat exchanger 32 is formed by binding a plurality of microporous tubes around the building construction steel bars 12 and integrating the a plurality of microporous tubes with the building construction steel bars 12 by casting, or micro holes can be formed in the building construction steel bars that are built in the base pile, one end of the base pile heat exchanger 32 is connected to the left side port of the reversing valve 3, the other end of the base pile heat exchanger 32 is connected to a guiding tube connected to one end of the microporous tubes 9 attached to the ceiling or floor through the compressor expander 33.
In an example embodiment of the present invention, a building built-in air conditioning system comprises an external heat exchanger, and a compressor, and a plurality of microporous tubes 12 or construction steel bars with micro holes formed therein, wherein the plurality of microporous tubes or construction steel bars with micro holes are integrated with the building concrete by casting, a guiding tube, which is connected to one end of the microporous tubes or one end of the construction steel bars with micro holes, has an end connected the lower port of an external heat exchanger through the throttle component 5, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to a side-port of the compressor, and the external heat exchanger may be at least one of the heat exchangers including an air-cooled heat exchanger, a water-cooled heat exchanger, a foundation heat exchanger, and a solar panel heat exchanger.
In another example embodiment, a building built-in air conditioning system comprises an external heat exchanger, a reversing valve, a compressor, and a plurality of microporous construction steel bars, wherein the plurality of microporous construction steel bars are welded together to form a net-shaped heat exchanger first and then integrated with the building concrete by casting, the plurality of microporous construction steel bars are connected to the a first guiding tube and a second guiding tube in parallel, a first guiding tube is connected to an lower port of the external heat exchanger 1 through the throttle component 5, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, a center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4, an inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4.
In another example embodiment, a building built-in air conditioning system comprises an external heat exchanger, a reversing valve, a compressor, and a plurality of metal radiation plate, wherein each metal radiation plate is formed by heat pressing two metal plates face to face into one piece, a plurality of grooves are formed on the two metal plates correspondingly and when the two plate are heat-pressed, the corresponding grooves form a plurality of guiding channels, the metal radiation plate is installed on the floor, ceiling or side walls of the building, an inlet of the metal radiation plate is connected to left-side port of the reversing valve 3, an outlet of the metal radiation plate is connected to the lower port of the external heat exchanger 1 through the throttle component 5, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, a center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4, an inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4, the external heat exchanger may be at least one of the heat exchangers including an air-cooled heat exchanger, a water-cooled heat exchanger, a foundation heat exchanger, and a solar panel heat exchanger.
In an example embodiment of the present invention, a building built-in air conditioning system comprises an external heat exchanger, a reversing valve, a compressor, a plurality of microporous tubes, wherein the microporous tubes are metal capillaries, PERT capillaries or PB capillaries, the microporous tubes are attached to a ceiling of a building or a floor of the building, each microporous tube has a first end welded to a first guiding tube and a second end welded to a second guiding tube, the plurality of microporous tubes are thus connected to the guiding tubes in parallel, the first guiding tube is connected to the right-side port of the reversing valve 3, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, a center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4, an inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4.
Example embodiments of the present invention provide the following advantages:
1. The condensing tubes (microporous tubes) are integrated with the building concrete by casting. Because the heat conductivity of the concrete is 60 times larger than the heat conductivity of the air and also because the building itself is used for heating or cooling, the heat transfer resistance between the air conditioning system and the heat dissipation terminal is low. Also, the low interior volume specific ratio of the compressor can make the present air conditioner work with maximum efficiency.
2. Because stainless steel microporous tubes or carbon steel microporous tubes have a strong tensile strength and the stainless steel microporous tubes or carbon steel microporous tubes are installed in the building with high concentration, the stainless steel microporous tubes or carbon steel microporous tubes can replace some construction steel bars. The building is therefore more robust.
3. The unit cost of the air conditioning system according to example embodiments of the present invention is relatively low compared to present heating systems or present air conditioning systems. Because fan systems and water pumps are obviated from the heat dissipation terminal of the air conditioning system of the present invention, the current air conditioning system has the advantages of longer life span, lower noise, and lower level of maintenance.
4. The carbon emission and electricity cost of an air conditioning system according the example embodiments are low. In the area of Beijing, by adopting an air conditioning system according to example embodiments of the present invention, the energy efficiency ratio can reach more than 4.5. This means that the electricity cost can be reduced by two-third in winter. In summer, the electricity cost can be reduced by 70%.
5. The steel microporous tubes according to example embodiments of the present invention each have a wall with the thickness of 0.6 mm and a diameter of 2.4 mm. The steel microporous tubes can bear a pressure larger than 30 MPa. By casting the microporous tubes to the building concrete, the strength of the steel microporous tubes is increased further. The steel microporous tubes can be used with middle or high pressure refrigerant air conditioning system and can be used with carbon dioxide air conditioning system.
6. When applying the technology disclosed in the present invention to an existing building, the microporous tubes may be steel microporous tubes, bronze microporous tubes, or aluminum microporous tubes. PB and PE carbon fabric can also be used. The cost of applying the technology is low and the building process is simple and environment friendly. The current system solves the problem that the water capillaries have during winter. For the air conditioning system with water capillaries being used, the water capillaries are easily broken when the air conditioning system stops supplying heat. An air conditioning system according to example embodiments of the present invention will not have this problem.
7. According to example embodiments of the present invention, microporous tubes can be bound to the concrete of the base piles of a building. This feature not only increases the strength of the building base, but also allows the air conditioning system to utilize the energy stored in the earth to generate heat in winter and generate cold in summer. When using an indoor fan coil unit with the air conditioning system according to example embodiments of the present invention, fast heating in winter and fast cooling and dehumidifying in summer can be achieved.
8. The air conditioning system according to example embodiments of the present invention can be used in individual houses with one or two air conditioning units and can also be used for whole building with one or two large air-cooling heat pump units. If the microporous tubes are installed correctly and there is no leakage, the microporous tubes can work with the present invertor compressor or variable capacity compressor for more than 10 years without a problem.
9. Example embodiments of the present invention provide a compressor which has an internal switch function. The two side portions of the compressor are used for cooling and heating, respectively, based on whether the electric motor of the compressor works under forward rotation or reversal rotation. Thus, the reversing valve in the existing technology is obviated, the possibility of damage is decreased, and the loss of energy is also reduced.
10. According to example embodiments of the present invention, micro holes can be formed in construction steel bars directly. Then the construction steel bars can be welded together like a net and cast with the concrete. The two ends of the construction steel bars are connected to the outdoor unit of the air conditioning system. Thus, the cost of the air conditioning system is reduced and the air conditioning system is more reliable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view according to an example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a plurality of microporous tubes according to an example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view according to another example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a plurality of microporous tubes according to another example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view according to another example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view according to another example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 a perspective view according to another example embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 8 a perspective view according to another example embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

FIG. 1 shows a building built-in air conditioning system according to a first example embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, in a rectangular-shaped building, a plurality of microporous tubes 9 are bound to the construction steel bars 12 and are integrated with the construction steel bars 12 as a whole piece by cement casting. As shown in FIG. 2, when using a carbon dioxide out-door inverter compressor with the power of 3.5-10 kw for the air conditioning system, each of the plurality of microporous tubes 9 has a wall with a thickness of 0.6 mm and a diameter of 2.4 mm. The length of each microporous tube is 30 m, and each microporous tube has a bearing pressure of 30 MPa. Each microporous tube is folded at the middle of the tube. Each microporous tube has a first end welded to a first guiding tube and a second end welded to a second guiding tube. The distance between adjacent microporous tubes is 4 cm. The plurality of microporous tubes are thus connected to the guiding tubes in parallel with a distance of 4 cm between adjacent tubes. The plurality of microporous tubes can also be arranged in the ways shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C. By this configuration, on a floor with a size of 100 m², the plurality of microporous tubes can have a total length of 2500 m. The total heat exchange surface area of the plurality of microporous tubes can thus be 18.8 m²and the total cross-section area of the plurality of microporous tubes is 2 cm². The total volume of the plurality of microporous tubes is 2.8 L. When using R410 refrigerant outdoor compressor for the air conditioning system, each microporous tube has a length between 5-30 m and a wall with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm. These parameters can provide enough pressure bearing capability to the microporous tubes. When used for heating purpose, the designed evaporation temperature of the air conditioning system is set to be 2-3 C lower than the outdoor temperature, and the designed condensing temperature of the air conditioning system is set to be in the range of 24-30 C. An external heat exchanger 1 is installed facing the sun shine. When the weather is not very cold, the air conditioning system works under half power after midnight when the electricity price is half of the normal price during day time. Because the temperature difference between day time and night time is small, the external heat exchanger 1 will not frost. During the coldest season, the air conditioning system works with full power to store heat around noon during day time while it is sunny and the temperature is the highest of a day. At this time, the air humidity level is low and the temperature difference is small. Thus, defrost is not necessary. Because the overall volume of the plurality of microporous tubes is smaller than the volume of a normal in-door air conditioner, refrigerant flows faster in the microporous tubes and better cycle effect can be obtained. The heat conductivity of reinforced concrete can reach 1.74 w/m.c. According to this example embodiment, the indoor temperature can be easily controlled between 19-21 C. The heat is transmitted by way of infrared radiation. A comfortable body feeling can thus be obtained.
In the northern part of China, it is very cold in winter time. However, the highest temperature during day time still can reach above −15 C and the condensing temperature is 26 C. When room temperature is about 20 C, the temperature of the floor is about 24 C. The heat dissipation of the floor 13 can reach 45 w/m2. The heat dissipation radiated from the ceiling can reach 40 w/m2. The coefficient of performance COP can reach about 4.0. The air conditioning system only needs to work for 12 hours a day to meet the heating need for a whole day. Thus, during the cold night, the air conditioning system does not need to work. By using the air conditioning system according to the present invention, the utility cost is only one-third of the cost for regular air conditioner during the whole winter, and the carbon emission is also only one-third of that for regular air conditioner. When the output temperature of the compressor decreases to 30° C., the noise of the air conditioning system will be reduced by 30%.
In summer, as long as the evaporation temperature of the microporous tubes 10 can reach the range of 15-20° C., the building floor can be cooled down to about 23 C and thus indoor temperature can be lower than 26 C. Because reinforced concrete can store a large volume of cold energy, the outdoor unit of the air conditioning system 7 can work after midnight while the temperature is at the lowest of a day. The compressor just needs to work with half power and cold storage can be large enough. The coefficient of performance (COP) can reach 8.0. Further, electricity fee after midnight is just half of that for day time. Overall, the utility cost according to this example embodiment is only one-sixth of the cost using the present regular air conditioner. In the northern part of China, after midnight of a day in summer, the temperature is about 20° C. The condensing temperature of the external heat exchanger 1 is 30° C., which is enough to obtain optimum heat dissipation. When the evaporation temperature is set above 12° C. under this situation, the output power of the compressor 4 can be doubled. In other words, when working with half power, the air conditioning system can obtain the same output power as that of a regular air conditioner working under full power.
As an option, microporous holes can be formed directly in the construction steel bars 12. The construction steel bars 12 with the microporous holes can be arranged in a way shown in FIG. 2-B and then the construction steel bars 12 are cast in the building concrete. These construction steel bars can bear high pressure and have a large surface area. For example, if the diameter of the construction steel bars 12 is 25 mm and a hole with a diameter of 1.2 mm is formed in the steel bars 12, the steel bars are equivalent to microporous tubes with a wall of 14 mm thickness. Thus, the steel bars 12 with the microporous holes can bear a pressure of several hundred Mpa and can be used with supercritical carbon dioxide air conditioning system. The weld between the construction steel bars and guiding bars are firm and will not have the problem of leaking or blocking. Meanwhile, construction steel bars have the advantage of small temperature variation. Further, more construction steel bars can make the building stronger.
In the northern part of China, heating is the main purpose of the air conditioning system. Therefore, in order to increase the heat output, it would be better that the microporous tubes can be densely built on and cover a large area of the floor, ceiling, or the side walls of a room.
In places near sea or ocean, the air has high humidity levels. It would be better for the microporous tubes to be built on the floor. Meanwhile, air exchange may be adopted to reduce humidity.
In hot areas, it would be better for the microporous tubes to be built on ceiling. Meanwhile, an indoor air cooling system may be adopted.

Example Embodiment 2

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of PERT microporous tubes or PB microporous tubes are attached to the room ceiling 13 by cement mortar, or as an option, to the surface of the side walls by cement mortar. A water tank 23 is disposed under the microporous tubes attached to the side walls. The microporous tubes also can be built on the floor by using cement, sand or graphite.
Because this type of microporous tube can only bear low pressure, they can be used with some middle or low pressure refrigerant cooling air conditioning system. The refrigerant may be R22, R134A, or R404. In summer, when it is necessary to store cold energy in the air conditioning system, first, the electromagnetic valve 20 is turned off. Then, the throttle component 5 is adjusted to control the evaporation temperature of the microporous tubes 22 attached to the side walls to the range of 22-27° C. in order to avoid frost and keep the room temperature stable. The evaporation temperature of the microporous tubes 9 attached to the ceiling 13 is controlled at around 15° C., which is the same as the temperature of the return-air of the processor. Because the ceiling 13 is thick, it will not frost easily. When the temperature of the ceiling reaches 22 C, the cold storage of the ceiling 13 can reach 40 kw. During night time, the air conditioning system stores cold energy, and during day time, the stored cold energy can be used for cooling purpose. When it needs to cool down the room temperature further, the electromagnetic valve 20 is turned on and the throttle component 5 is adjusted to control the evaporation temperature of the microporous tubes 22 to the range of 7-15° C. Then the frosting can dehumidify and instantly cool down the room temperature. The water tank 23 then discharges water generated by the frosting to outdoor.
A plate heat exchanger or a double-tube heat exchanger 17 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4. This arrangement not only reduces noise but also saves space. Meanwhile, the heat generated by the cooling process can be used to heat residential water.
Each of the microporous tubes may have a cross section having a shape shown in FIG. 4-A. This structure can increase heat dissipation surface area and also increase the bearing pressure of the microporous tubes. Meanwhile, the volume of the whole air conditioning system is reduced.
This type of microporous tubes can only bear at most a temperature of 100° C. When being used for heating purpose in winter, the temperature of the air output from the compressor 4 is about 80 C. The plate or double-tube heat exchanger 17 and the water pump 18 produce hot water for residential use by using the heat of the air output from the compressor. The microporous tubes then only need to dissipate heat with a temperature of 30° C. Thus, the requirement for the heat dissipation and bearing pressure of the microporous tubes are satisfied.
As an option, the microporous tubes 22 attached to the side walls can use end heat dissipation technique to increase the efficiency of the air conditioning system.
As shown in FIG. 4C, the microporous tubes can be glued to metal plates and the metal plates then can be used as a heat exchanger on walls or ceilings. The cross-section of each of the microporous tubes may be of a shape as shown in FIG. 4-E in order to achieve a better heat dissipation effect.
As shown in FIGS. 4-B and D, grooves or concaves are formed on two aluminum plates by a carving or pressing process and then the two aluminum plates are heat-pressed together to form a metal heat dissipation plate. A decoration may be formed on the metal heat dissipation plate and thus the metal heat dissipation plate becomes an integral part of the building. The metal heat dissipation plate can be attached to walls, floors, or ceilings.

Example Embodiment 3

As shown in FIG. 5, a carbon fabric 26 is attached to the floor, ceiling and the side walls by using high strength heat conductive adhesive 25. Plastic materials such as PB, PP, or PE are heat cast on the two lateral ends of the carbon fabric 26 to form two guiding tubes 24 on the two lateral ends of the carbon fabric 26. The two guiding tubes 24 are connected to the outdoor unit 7.
Based on the formula ρ=2·wall thickness·(utensil strength/2), for a carbon fiber having a wall thickness of 30 μm and an internal diameter of 20 μm, the carbon fabric 26 can bear a pressure higher than 10 MPa. The overall surface of the carbon fabric 26 has a size larger than the area that it covers on the floor, ceiling or the side walls. Normally, carbon fibers have high heat conductivity. The thickness of one layer of the carbon fabric 26 is smaller than 2 mm. When a damage happens accidently on the carbon fabric, the high strength heat conductive adhesive 25 can seal the damaged portion. The whole cross-sectional area of the carbon fabric is larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet of the compressor 4. The interior volume specific ratio of the compressor is thus small. The whole system's efficiency for heating or cooling is thus increased.

Example Embodiment 4

As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of microporous tubes, which are of at least one of the capillary types including metal capillaries, PERT capillaries, and PB capillaries, are attached to the ceiling in parallel or installed on the floor in parallel. Each microporous tube has a first end welded to a guiding tube and has a second end welded to another guiding tube. A guiding tube on one end of the microporous tubes is connected to the right-side port of the reversing valve 3 through the one-way valve 8. The upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3. Another guiding tube on the other end of the microporous tubes is connected to the lower port of the external heat exchanger 1 through a throttle component. The center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4. An inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4. The one-way valve 8 is connected to the air-cooled heat exchanger 28 in parallel. The outlet of the one-way valve 8 is connected to the air-cooled heat exchanger 28 through a choke nozzle 31.
According to example embodiments of the present invention, the microporous tubes can be installed on the floor directly and then the microporous tubes are covered and made even by the graphite, sands and cement. The microporous tubes also can be attached to the ceiling by using heat conductive adhesive. As described above, the microporous tubes are connected to the reversing valve 3 through the air-cooled heat exchanger 28. Because the graphite has a higher heat conductivity than ordinary metals, refrigerant flows into the microporous tubes directly through the one-way valve 8 when the air conditioning system is working for heating purpose. The temperature of the floor is almost the same as the evaporation temperature in the microporous tubes. Thus the efficiency of the heating is increased. By using the heat in the compressed air to heat up the fresh air entered, it will keep the room air fresh.
In summer, the one-way valve 8 is turned off and the refrigerant enters into the air-cooled heat exchanger 28 through the choke nozzle 31. The evaporation temperature in the microporous tubes is about 20° C. The room temperature is gradually lowered and the frost is prevented. If needed, the air-cooled heat exchanger 28 can be used to cool down the temperature quickly.

Example Embodiment 5

At the stage of building the base of a construction, a plurality of stainless steel microporous tubes or a plurality of carbon steel microporous tubes can be bound to the concrete of the base piles and be integrated with the concrete to become a one piece by cement casting. The microporous tubes can replace the air-cooled heat exchanger of the outdoor unit 7 to provide heat or cold to the first floor or the second floor of a building. As shown in FIG. 7, this type of microporous tubes has a thick wall, and a large diameter. Thus this type of microporous tubes has a high strength and can replace the construction reinforce steel bars 12. The cost of the construction can thus be lowered and is even lower than using the air-cooled heat exchanger. Because the evaporation temperature is very high in winter and the condensing temperature is very low in summer, and further because no fans are adopted, the cooling and the heating efficiency are substantially increased. Further, the noise of the outdoor unit 7 can thus be reduced. The reliability and the life span of the air conditioning system are thus increased. When heating is the main use of the air conditioning system, a heat insulation layer 23 can be formed on the floor first.

Example Embodiment 6

The current compressors used in air conditioning system usually has a high power output. When this type of compressor is used in the air conditioning system according to the example embodiments of the present invention, its efficiency cannot be fully used. Also, reversing valve is a type of easily damaged component.
According to an example embodiment of the present invention, a compressor comprises a middle portion, which is an electric motor, a right side portion, which is a heat pumper chamber, and a left side portion, which is a cooling chamber. When the electric motor works under forward rotation, the right side portion of the compressor compresses the air and the left side portion acts as a through channel. When the electric motor works under reversal rotation, the left side portion of the compressor works compresses the air for cooling purpose and the right side portion acts as a through channel.
The optimum compression ratio of the compressor can be adjusted based on the need of cooling or heating. In an example embodiment, the condensing pressure of the cooling side portion is set to a value corresponding to condensing temperature of 30° C. The evaporation pressure of the heating side portion is set to a value corresponding to evaporation temperature of 20° C. The compression ratio is smaller than 1. The energy efficiency ratio can be at least above 15. In another example embodiment, the condensing pressure of the cooling side portion is set to a value corresponding to condensing temperature of 25-30° C. The evaporation pressure of the heating side portion is set to a value corresponding to evaporation temperature of −10° C.±15° C. The compression ratio is larger than 3. The energy efficiency ratio can be between 4-6.
The shell of the compressor is made from aluminum to further decrease noise of the system.
No matter it is a heating process or a cooling process, the motor of the compressor is always used for dissipating the heat of the gassed refrigerant. The reversing valve is obviated. The compressor according to the example embodiments of the present invention is more reliable and has lower level of maintenance.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A building built-in air conditioning system, comprising:

an external heat exchanger;

a reversing valve;

a compressor; and a plurality of microporous tubes; wherein

the plurality of microporous tubes are metal capillaries, which are bound to the construction steel bars 12 and are integrated with the construction steel bars 12 as a whole piece by cement casting, each microporous tube has a first end welded to a first guiding tube and a second end welded to a second guiding tube, the plurality of microporous tubes are thus connected to the guiding tubes in parallel, the guiding tube on first ends of the microporous tubes is connected to the right-side port of the reversing valve 3, the second guiding tube on the second ends of the microporous tubes is connected to the lower port of the external heat exchanger 1 through a throttle component 5, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, the center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4, an inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4, wherein the external heat exchanger is at least one of the heat exchangers including an air-cooled heat exchanger, a water-cooled heat exchanger, a foundation heat exchanger, and a solar panel heat exchanger.

2. The building built-in air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein each microporous tube has an internal hole with a diameter smaller than 3 mm, when the microporous tubes are connected in parallel and when heating is the main function of the air conditioning system, the total cross-sectional area of the microporous tubes should be larger than or at least equal to the area of the outlet of the compressor, wherein the total cross-sectional area of the microporous tubes equals cross-sectional area of each microporous tube multiplying the total number of microporous tubes; when cooling is the main function of the air conditioning system, the total cross-sectional area of the microporous tubes should be larger than or at least equal to the area of the return-air intake of the compressor, wherein the total cross-sectional area of the microporous tubes equals the cross-sectional area of each microporous tube multiplying the total number of microporous tubes; the total volume of the microporous tubes should satisfy the requirement of refrigerant oil ratio for two or more invertor compressors, wherein the total volume of the microporous tubes equals to the length of the microporous tubes multiplying the total cross-sectional area of the microporous tubes.

3. A building built-in air conditioning system, comprising:

an external heat exchanger;

a reversing valve;

a compressor; and

a plurality of microporous tubes, wherein the microporous tubes are metal capillaries, PERT capillaries or PB capillaries or carbon fabric, the microporous tubes are attached to a ceiling of a building and side walls of the building, each microporous tube has a first end welded to a first guiding tube and a second end welded to a second guiding tube, the plurality of microporous tubes are thus connected to the guiding tubes in parallel, the first guiding tube on first ends of the microporous tubes 9 attached to the ceiling is connected to the first guiding tube on first ends of the microporous tubes 10 attached to the side walls through a capillary 19, an electromagnetic valve 20 is connected to the capillary 19 in parallel, the second guiding tube on the second ends of the microporous tubes 10 attached to the side walls is connected to the lower port of the external heat exchanger 1 through the throttle component 5, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, the second guiding tubes on the second ends of the microporous tubes 9 attached to the ceiling is connected to the right-side port of the reversing valve 3, and a center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4.

4. The building built-in conditioning system according to claim 3, wherein

reinforcing bars are formed in the microporous tubes, a heat conductive layer 16 made of graphite, sands, cement or metal powder is formed between the microporous tubes, an insulation layer 15 made of inorganic one-way heat conductive materials or an vacuum insulation layer is formed on the heat conductive layer 16, one end of a water-cooled heat exchanger 17 is connected between the inlet of the reversing valve 3 and the outlet of the compressor 4, the other end of the water-cooled heat exchanger 17 is connected to an indoor water tube.

5. A building built-in air conditioning system, comprising:

an external heat exchanger;

a reversing valve;

a one-way valve;

a dehumidifier;

a throttle tube;

a compressor; and

a plurality of microporous tubes, wherein

the microporous tubes are metal capillaries, PERT capillaries or PB capillaries, the microporous tubes are attached to a ceiling of a building and a floor of the building, each microporous tube has a first end welded to a first guiding tube and a second end welded to a second guiding tube, the plurality of microporous tubes are thus connected to the guiding tubes in parallel, the first guiding tube on first ends of the microporous tubes is connected to the right-side port of the reversing valve 3 through the one-way valve 8, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, the second guiding tubes on the second ends of the microporous tubes is connected to the lower port of the external heat exchanger 1, a center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4, an inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4, the dehumidifier 28 is connected to the one-way valve 8 in parallel and the throttle tube 31 is connected between the outlet of the one-way valve and the dehumidifier 28.

6. A building built-in air conditioning system, comprising:

a base pile heat exchanger;

a reversing valve;

an compressor expander;

wherein the base pile heat exchanger 32 is formed by binding a plurality of microporous tubes around the building construction steel bars 12 and integrating the a plurality of microporous tubes with the building construction steel bars 12 by casting, or micro holes can be formed in the building construction steel bars that are built in the base pile, one end of the base pile heat exchanger 32 is connected to the left side port of the reversing valve 3, the other end of the base pile heat exchanger 32 is connected to a guiding tube connected to one end of the microporous tubes 9 attached to the ceiling or floor through the compressor expander 33.

7. A building built-in air conditioning system, comprising:

an external heat exchanger;

a compressor; and

a plurality of microporous tubes 12 or construction steel bars with micro holes formed therein, wherein

the plurality of microporous tubes or construction steel bars with micro holes are integrated with the building concrete by casting, a guiding tube, which is connected to one end of the microporous tubes or one end of the construction steel bars with micro holes, has an end connected the lower port of an external heat exchanger through the throttle component 5, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to a side-port of the compressor, and the external heat exchanger is at least one of the heat exchangers including an air-cooled heat exchanger, a water-cooled heat exchanger, a foundation heat exchanger, and a solar panel heat exchanger.

8. A building built-in air conditioning system, comprising:

an external heat exchanger;

a reversing valve;

a compressor;

and a plurality of microporous construction steel bars, wherein

the plurality of microporous construction steel bars are welded together to form a net-shaped heat exchanger first and then integrated with the building concrete by casting, the plurality of microporous construction steel bars are connected to the a first guiding tube and a second guiding tube in parallel, a first guiding tube is connected to an lower port of the external heat exchanger 1 through the throttle component 5, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, a center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4, an inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4.

9. A building built-in air conditioning system, comprising:

an external heat exchanger;

a reversing valve;

a compressor; and

a plurality of metal radiation plate; wherein

each metal radiation plate is formed by heat pressing two metal plates face to face into one piece, a plurality of grooves are formed on the two metal plates correspondingly and when the two plate are heat-pressed, the corresponding grooves form a plurality of guiding channels, the metal radiation plate is installed on the floor, ceiling or side walls of the building, an inlet of the metal radiation plate is connected to left-side port of the reversing valve 3, an outlet of the metal radiation plate is connected to the lower port of the external heat exchanger 1 through the throttle component 5, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, a center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4, an inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4, the external heat exchanger is at least one of the heat exchangers including an air-cooled heat exchanger, a water-cooled heat exchanger, a foundation heat exchanger, and a solar panel heat exchanger.

10. A building built-in air conditioning system, comprising:

an external heat exchanger;

a reversing valve;

a compressor; and

a plurality of microporous tubes; wherein

the microporous tubes are metal capillaries, PERT capillaries or PB capillaries, the microporous tubes are attached to a ceiling of a building or a floor of the building, each microporous tube has a first end welded to a first guiding tube and a second end welded to a second guiding tube, the plurality of microporous tubes are thus connected to the guiding tubes in parallel, the first guiding tube is connected to the right-side port of the reversing valve 3, the upper port of the external heat exchanger 1 is connected to the left-side port of the reversing valve 3, a center common port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the return-air intake of the compressor 4, an inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 4, when the microporous tubes are connected in parallel and when heating is the main function of the air conditioning system, the total cross-sectional area of the microporous tubes should be larger than or at least equal to the area of the outlet of the compressor, wherein the total cross-sectional area of the microporous tubes equals cross-sectional area of each microporous tube multiplying the total number of the microporous tubes; when cooling is the main function of the air conditioning system, the total cross-sectional area of the microporous tubes should be larger than or at least equal to the area of the return-air intake of the compressor, wherein the total cross-sectional area of the microporous tubes equals cross-sectional area of each microporous tube multiplying the total number of the microporous tubes; the total volume of the microporous tubes should satisfy the requirement of refrigerant oil ratio for the processor, wherein the total volume of the microporous tubes equals to the length of the microporous tubes multiplying the total cross-sectional area of the microporous tubes.