US20120304448A1 - Process for producing components having regions of differing ductility - Google Patents

Process for producing components having regions of differing ductility Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120304448A1
US20120304448A1 US13/508,288 US201013508288A US2012304448A1 US 20120304448 A1 US20120304448 A1 US 20120304448A1 US 201013508288 A US201013508288 A US 201013508288A US 2012304448 A1 US2012304448 A1 US 2012304448A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
plate
component
steel
regions
sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/508,288
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English (en)
Inventor
Dieter Hartmann
Marcus Wiemann
Andreas Sommer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH
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Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH filed Critical Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH
Assigned to VOESTALPINE AUTOMOTIVE GMBH reassignment VOESTALPINE AUTOMOTIVE GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HARTMANN, DIETER, SOMMER, ANDREAS, WIEMANN, MARCUS
Publication of US20120304448A1 publication Critical patent/US20120304448A1/en
Assigned to VOESTALPINE METAL FORMING GMBH reassignment VOESTALPINE METAL FORMING GMBH CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: VOESTALPINE AUTOMOTIVE GMBH
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/005—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00 characterized by the material of the blank or the workpiece
    • B21D35/006—Blanks having varying thickness, e.g. tailored blanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/011—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic all layers being formed of iron alloys or steels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
    • C21D8/0494—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing involving a localised treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
    • Y10T29/49954—Fastener deformed after application
    • Y10T29/49956—Riveting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for producing sheet steel components.
  • Body components of this kind include, for example, A, B, and C pillars, bumpers and their cross members, roof frames, side impact members, exterior body parts, etc.
  • tailored blanks are plates that are welded together out of a plurality of sheet metal pieces with the same or different sheet thicknesses and material qualities.
  • patchwork blanks are also known. These are plates of varying thicknesses and material qualities that are placed parallel to one another.
  • the sheets are placed onto each other and then joined to each other, in particular by spot welding.
  • Patchwork blanks have the disadvantage that the spot-welded connections are subjected to high stresses during shaping and can sometimes even fracture.
  • the gap that is present between the sheet metal layers can lead to corrosion problems; controlling these requires an expensive sealing treatment.
  • the transition between the individual thickness regions is relatively abrupt in both tailored blanks and patchwork blanks. This can result in undesirable stress peaks in the immediate transition region.
  • DE 100 11 589 A1 has disclosed a process for producing sheet metal plates that are multilayered in some regions; in this process, a smaller plate is joined to a larger plate through application of an intermediate layer of adhesive. Before the plates are joined, a powder coating process is used to apply the intermediate layer of adhesive to the smaller plate.
  • the smaller plate is covered over its entire area with a powdered resin that constitutes the intermediate layer of adhesive and then the plates, which have been jointly cut to size, are pressed together while undergoing a temperature treatment to form a composite and are then cooled before undergoing a joint deep-drawing process.
  • DE 10 2004 031 797 A1 has disclosed a process for producing a shaped, locally reinforced sheet metal component in order to produce a corresponding sheet metal component; according to this process, before or during the shaping process, a reinforcing plate is fastened to a base plate by means of a soldered connection; a nickel-based solder material is used to produce the soldered connection.
  • DE 100 49 660 A1 has disclosed a process for producing locally reinforced, shaped sheet metal parts in which the base plate of the structural component is joined in a defined way to the reinforcing sheet metal layer in the flat state and this patched composite plate is then shaped as a unit.
  • the composite sheet is heated to at least 800 to 850° C. before the shaping, inserted into the die quickly, rapidly shaped while still in the hot state, and then cooled in a defined way with mechanical fixing of the shaped state through contact with the shaping die, which is equipped with forced cooling from the inside. It is particularly important here for the temperature to pass through the range from 800 to 500° C.
  • the step of joining the reinforcing plate to the base plate can be integrated into the shaping process by hard-soldering the pieces to each other, which should achieve an effective corrosion protection in the contact zone.
  • the sheet can be a hardenable sheet metal composed of steel with the general formula 22 MnB5, which is in particular coated with aluminum. It should be possible here to achieve strengths of 1300 to 1600 MPa.
  • DE 42 31 213 A1 has disclosed a process for producing a shaped component that is produced by means of pressing or deep-drawing; this shaped component, for example a structural member, is embodied with thicker walls in its middle section and with regions having reduced-thickness walls and in this case, is manufactured out of a one-piece sheet metal component that has a thickness corresponding to the greatest wall thickness of the shaped component to be produced and before the pressing or deep-drawing process, is reduced to the desired lesser thickness through rolling or a corresponding stretching process of another kind only in those regions in which the shaped component should have a lesser wall thickness.
  • this shaped component for example a structural member, is embodied with thicker walls in its middle section and with regions having reduced-thickness walls and in this case, is manufactured out of a one-piece sheet metal component that has a thickness corresponding to the greatest wall thickness of the shaped component to be produced and before the pressing or deep-drawing process, is reduced to the desired lesser thickness through rolling or a corresponding stretching process of another kind only
  • DE 10 2004 054 795 A1 has disclosed a process for producing sheet metal components and vehicle body components in which at least one sheet based on a boron-alloyed case-hardened or quenched and tempered steel is joined to at least one sheet of approximately similar material quality or composed of another steel material and the material composite is subjected to at least one shaping process; at least the boron-alloyed sheet is hot formed and, with the shaping die halves closed, is subjected to an in-situ press hardening.
  • DE 10 2004 038 626 B3 has disclosed a process for producing hardened sheet steel components in which a component that has already been cut to its final contour and final hole pattern is heated and then inserted into a die in which only the outer edges are clamped while the entire component is cooled in the die and inside the die, comes to rest against the die as a result of the cooling. This hardens the component, which is composed of a hardenable steel.
  • the object of the invention is to create a process for producing sheet steel components with differing ductility and good corrosion protection.
  • a so-called patched sheet metal component is produced; this patched sheet metal component is produced either in that at least two sheets are placed onto each other and joined, formed into their final shape, and then subjected to an austenitizing step, which is followed by a quench hardening (indirect process) or in that the at least two sheets are joined to each other and then heated and shaped together.
  • the sheets are galvanized steel sheets, which, even after the heating and cooling, demonstrate a good cathodic corrosion protection that remains effective even without further after-treatment.
  • FIG. 1 shows the joined starting plates A and B before the cold forming and cold cutting.
  • FIG. 2 shows the component, composed of plates A and B, that has been cold formed in dies and cut to its final length.
  • FIG. 3 shows the component at a perforating station in which the welding spots are punched out, thus separating component A and component B from each other, either before or after the press hardening.
  • the invention offers several process options.
  • the cold-produced component ( FIG. 2 ) composed of the joined individual plates A and B is heated in the furnace at approx. 900° C. until the larger component A has reached the austenitizing temperature in the regions in which it is not resting against the smaller component B.
  • the component In the regions in which components A and B are joined, the component has a higher mass to be heated.
  • the component is then cooled and press hardened in a press hardening die.
  • the component After the press hardening, the component has a more ductile material structure in region B because it did not reach the austenitizing temperature in the furnace.
  • the transitions from the non-austenitized regions to the austenitized regions are between 5 and 30 mm depending on the sheet thicknesses of the plates used, which avoids the occurrence of stress peaks in these regions. These soft transitions avoid undesirable stress peaks in the event of a vehicle crash.
  • the cold-produced component ( FIG. 2 ) composed of the assembled individual plates A and B is heated in the furnace at approx. 900° C. until the component A has reached the austenitizing temperature.
  • the base material of component B can be a soft deep-drawing steel, microalloyed steel, carbon-manganese steel, or a dual phase steel.
  • the component is cooled/press hardened in a press hardening die.
  • the assembled component A After the press hardening, the assembled component A has thus been converted into a martensitic structure in all regions and has a tensile strength of between 1300 and 1600 MPa in all regions.
  • between 250 and 350 MPa is achieved in a soft deep-drawing steel, between 450 and 700 MPa is achieved in a micro-alloyed steel, between 500 and 750 MPa is achieved in a carbon-manganese steel, or between 700 and 1100 MPa is achieved in a dual-phase steel.
  • component B also provide a wider process window with regard to furnace residence times.
  • process option 3 the component shown in FIG. 2 , which is composed of plates A and B and has been cold formed in forming dies and cut to its final size, is immediately separated again. See FIG. 3 .
  • components A and B which are now separate from each other, can each be heated separately to the respective austenitizing temperature in the furnace and subsequently cooled (press hardened) in a press hardening die.
  • the components A and B can be separated from each other only after the joint press hardening and for this separation to be carried out, for example, by lasers, hard perforation, or drilling and then for them to be supplied to further processing steps in the production of the vehicle body.
  • the cold-produced component ( FIG. 2 ) composed of the assembled individual plates A and B is heated in the furnace at approx. 900° C. until the components A and B have reached the austenitizing temperature.
  • the component is then cooled/press hardened in a press hardening die.
  • the assembled component composed of A and B has thus been converted into a martensitic structure in all regions and hardened; in all regions, it has a tensile strength of between 1300 and 1600 MPa and a good cathodic corrosion protection.
  • the component can be cut to achieve the desired final contour, either by laser or by hard cutting with tools.
  • a good cathodic corrosion protection is achieved in component A and component B, even in the patched region.
  • options 1 and 2 would be, for example, in an A pillar; in the region in which the door hinge is connected, it is advantageous to provide an increased sheet thickness, but also a more ductile material property.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
US13/508,288 2009-11-06 2010-09-14 Process for producing components having regions of differing ductility Abandoned US20120304448A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009052210A DE102009052210B4 (de) 2009-11-06 2009-11-06 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Bauteilen mit Bereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität
DE102009052210.7 2009-11-06
PCT/EP2010/063450 WO2011054575A1 (de) 2009-11-06 2010-09-14 Verfahren zum herstellen von bauteilen mit bereichen unterschiedlicher duktilität

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US20120304448A1 true US20120304448A1 (en) 2012-12-06

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US13/508,288 Abandoned US20120304448A1 (en) 2009-11-06 2010-09-14 Process for producing components having regions of differing ductility

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US (1) US20120304448A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2496371B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102665955B (zh)
DE (1) DE102009052210B4 (zh)
WO (1) WO2011054575A1 (zh)

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US9234255B2 (en) 2010-01-29 2016-01-12 Tata Steel Nederland Technology Bv Process for the heat treatment of metal strip material
WO2015185072A3 (de) * 2013-10-25 2016-03-17 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Verbundstahlblech
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US20170145530A1 (en) * 2014-08-05 2017-05-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for Producing Hot-Formed Components
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US10000823B2 (en) 2011-12-14 2018-06-19 Voestalpine Metal Forming Gmbh Method and device for partially hardening sheet metal components
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US10399519B2 (en) 2017-06-16 2019-09-03 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Vehicle bumper beam with varied strength zones
US10556624B2 (en) 2017-06-16 2020-02-11 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Vehicle underbody component protection assembly
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JP2020168649A (ja) * 2019-04-04 2020-10-15 東亜工業株式会社 プレス成形品の製造方法
US20200370187A1 (en) * 2017-09-22 2020-11-26 Gedia Debrüder Dingerkus Gmbh Method of making a sheet-metal part
US10968502B2 (en) 2016-11-04 2021-04-06 Nucor Corporation Method of manufacture of multiphase, cold-rolled ultra-high strength steel
US11021776B2 (en) 2016-11-04 2021-06-01 Nucor Corporation Method of manufacture of multiphase, hot-rolled ultra-high strength steel
US20210229156A1 (en) * 2018-06-26 2021-07-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) Method for manufacturing press-molded article
US11141769B2 (en) 2017-06-16 2021-10-12 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for forming varied strength zones of a vehicle component
CN114101472A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-03-01 内蒙古工业大学 一种铝合金蠕变时效成型设备
CN114502453A (zh) * 2019-11-12 2022-05-13 自动工程有限公司 车辆底板及相应的生产方法

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CN102665955A (zh) 2012-09-12
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