US1998158A - Spark plug - Google Patents

Description

April v16, 1935. lRvlN ET AL 1,998,158

SPARK PLUG Filed Aug. 18, 1931 l N V E N T ORS W' BY ,wa

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Patented Apr. 16, 1935 PATENT oir-Fics l 1,998,158 v SPARK PLUG Theodorelrvin and John A. Pearce, v Philadelphia, Pa.

Application August is, 1931, Serin No. 557,892y

4 Claims. (Cl. 12B-169) v This invention relates to an improved yspark and more especially to aspit re' type, wherein the lower end of the casing of the spark plug, that is the casing for the reception of the porcelain holder for the electrode is closed over the electrode, with the exception of providing tWO diametrically opposite openings in the closed end ci the casing to provide outlets, through which theexplodedgases collected in a chamber caused to formed in the lower end of the casing adjacent terminal of the electrode may escape.

` any-desired,modification of details' and proportions maybe made inthe construction of the appliance according to circumstances. f

The invention comprises further features and combination of parts toY be hereinafter set forth, sh wn in the drawing and claimed.

ln the drawing:-

Figure l is a vertical sectional view through the improved spark plug constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is an end View showing the diametrically opposite openings for the escape of the exploded gases.

Figure 3 is an enlarged detail perspective view of the lower end of the casing of the spark plug more clearly showing the diametrically opposite openings.

Referring to the drawing l identies a casing of the spark plug, which may be made of any suitable metal, for housing a porcelain holder 2, wh in turn supports an electrode 3. This casing is provi-:led with threads 5 for engaging a tapped opening 5 formed in the wall of the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine (not shown). The porcelain holder, While it may be of any desired exterior contour is preferably provided with a conical portion 'l merging into a shoulder 8, against which a ring 9 of any suitable metal preferably copper may engage. A nut l5 nts telesccpically over the upper end ci the porcelain holder and against the ring and is provided with exterior threads ll, for engagement with the internal threads I2 of the spark plug casing. The electrode is made of any suitable electrical conducting metal, and has its terminal spaced a short distance from a screw terminal i3, which is threaded in the lower end of the spark plug casing so as to providea sparking gap. Also threaded in to the lower end of the spark plug casing is a lock screw l, which retains the screw terminal in locked position. A

construction and arrangement oi spark plug casing relative tc a copper ring adjacent the inner end of the porcelain holder the gas chamber I8 is caused tobe formed, andv into which the usual gas charge on the interior of the combustion chamber is compressed, on theV compression stroke of the piston y(not shown) Yof the engine (not shown), whereby when a charge of current passes across the gap between the terminal ci the electrode and the screw terminal the compressed gases are ex plocled. .1, n 4

In. this case .the exploded gases discharge through the diametrically opposite openings, and thereby impart movement to the engine piston due' to the force of the explosion and the expanded gases. By this construction and arrangement the spark plug obviously as characterized is the spit nre type.

The invention having been set forth, what is claimed is:

1. In a spark plug, the combination with a casing provided with a substantially closed end, the wall of said closed end being of an abrupt conical formation, of an electrode holder operatively tting closely Within the lower portion of said casing and carrying an electrode longitudinally centrally of the holder with an end protruding beyond the end of the holder, the end of the holder being dished to expose a substantial portion of the end of the electrode; means within the casing between the end of the holder and the wall of said closed end acting to create a gas chamber between the end of the holder and the wall of said closed end, and into which one end of the electrode terminates, a terminal screw threaded through the apex of the conical closed end constituting an opposite electrode axially aligned with the extremity of the first electrode and being spaced therefrom causing a sparking gap to be formed, said terminal screw electrode being adjustable to increase or decrease the sparking gap, a locking screwthreaded through the apex of the conical closed end and against the terminal screw electrode to lock the latter in adjusted positions and against displacement incident to vibrations, said conical closed end having diametrically opposite discharge openings with their axis at direct right angles to the conical wall of the closed end and at acute angles to the first electrode, whereby upon a compression of the discharge in the chamber with a subsequent explosion of the charge by a spark across the gap, the exploded gases discharge divergently from the chamber and from the first electrode and away from the gap immediately incident to the gap thereby preventing collection of carbon in the gap and between the adjacent ends of both electrodes.

2. In a spark plug, a casing provided with a substantially closed abrupt conical end, the in-v ner surface of said end being substantially of a simulating conical formation, a gasket conforming to and seated upon said inner simulating conical surface, said casing having a bore extending from said inner conical surface of the closed end for substantially one half the length of the casing, an electrode holder fitting closely within substantially the full length of said bore with its inner end conforming to and engaging said gasket thereby spacing the inner end of the holder from said inner conical surface of the closed end creating a gas chamber, means cooperating with the other end of the holder and casing for bearing the inner end of the holder tight against the gasket, thereby preventing any gases seeping between the holder and the bore of the casing, an electrode centrally of the holder, a second electrode carried by the apex of said closed end and its end spaced Yfrom the rst electrode to create a sparking gap, said closed end of the casing having opposite discharge openings with their axis substantially at right angles to the conical wall of the closed end and at acute angles to the rst electrode, whereby upon an explosion of the charge in the chamber, the gases discharge divergently from the chamber and away from the gap between the first and second electrodes.

3. In a spark plug, a casing provided with a substantially closed abrupt conical end and having a bore extending from said end for substantially one half the length of the casing, an electrode holder tting Within substantially the full length of the bore with its inner end spaced from the inner surface of the closed end creating a gas chamber, means for preventing seeping of gases between the wall of the bore and the holder, an electrode centrally of the holder with its inner end exposed in said gas chamber, a screw electrode threaded through the apex of the closed end, a locking screw threaded into said apex against and locking the second electrode in spaced relation to the first electrode to create a sparking gap in said chamber, said closed end having opposite openings with their axis substantiallyA at right angles to the wall of the closed end and at acute angles to the rst electrode, whereby upon an explosion of the charge in the chamber the gases may discharge divergently away from the gap and through the openings.

4. A spark plug comprising a casing, and means for installing said casing in the cylindrical wall of an internal combustion engine with one end exposed in the cylinder, said casing having in the interior thereof an enclosed firing chamber, and having in the exposed end thereof a plurality of ports which enter the ring chamber in divergent positions therefrom at diametrically opposite points of the center of the bottom wall of the chamber, sparking terminals exposed in'this firing chamber, one being in the center of the bottom wall of the chamber between the ports, and a locking plug fastened in the center of the bottom wall of said chamber against one of said sparking terminal elements to lock the latter in position.

THEODORE IRVIN.

JOHN A. PEARCE.

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