US1827293A - Typewriting machine - Google Patents

Description

c. M. LAWRENCE TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Affar/vey c. M. LAWRENCE TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Ju ly 19, 1927 jm r; W IDIEUDIIUIIHIIHHEIWEHIHI 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 13, 1931.

c. M. LAWRENCE TYPEWRITING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 19, 1927 Affomey m m M A VI/ 06. 13, 1931'. M, LAWRENCE I 1,$27,293'

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed.July 19, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Oct. '13, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CHARLES M. LA'WBENCE, OF BROOKLYN,

NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO UNDERWOOD ELLIOTT FISHER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE TYPEWRITING MACHINE Application filed July 19, 1927. Serial No. 206,811.

vious advantage to use both upper and lowercase types in cutting the stencilled characters or typing usual identification or filing data on the frame of the stencil-card. Hereto- 5 fore it-has not been possible, in a platen-shift typewriting machine, to type both upper and lower case characters on a flat stencil-card in a line-spacing card-holder. To keep the stencil-card flat it has been necessary to incline the card-holder a little rearwardly at the bottom to clear the usual type-bar-segment device. Then, ifthe platen-frame was shifted vertically to upper-case position, the platen was not in position to be properly engaged, i. e., struck squarely by the upper-case types. Therefore the custom has been to construct this type of typewriting machine with types of one case.

It is an object of the present invention to 0 provide a platen-shift typewriting machine with which upper and lower casecharacters may be typed on a flat stencil-card supported in a conveniently-operated line-spacing cardholder.

- movable up and down tangentially to the platen. The usual platen-frame has its sides disposed adjacent the sides of the carriage. A usual platen-shaft and a usual lower feedroll cross-rod connect the two platen-frames for case-shift movement together. A rocking Another object is to provide a convenientand economical means for feeding the usualarm-connection between the carriage and the two platen-frames is arranged for swinging the platen to upper-case position in a direction parallel to the inclined card-holder, so that the platen will be disposed therein for having upper-case type strike through the stencil-card squarely against it. Means are provided for automatically silencing the usual ribbon-vibratingmechanism when the stencil-sheet is in the printing field, and for making it effective when the top portion of the cardboard frame is in the printing field. Line-spacing means are provided WlllCh are efiective to move the card-holder upwardly at one operation from its position when the top portion of the stencil-card frame is at the printing line to bring the stencil-sheet inposition to receive the first line of stencilcharacters.

It is a feature of the present invention, for reducing the weight of the card-holder to the minimum, to emplo in said card-holder a thin sheet-metal-U- aped frame having integral racks formed in its upwardly-extending side members for engagement with gears fixed on the platen-shaft.

It is another feature of the invention for employingas much as ossible of the usual manually-operable mec anism for control ling the ribbon-vibrating mechanism, to mount simple, compact instrumentalities on the usual shift-frame for operative connection to the above-noted manually-operable mechanism, and efiective to be operated by line-spacing movement of the card-holder.

It is another feature of the'invention to provide a sharp-toothed roller arranged for engaging the usual celluloid backing sheet above the printing line to move the used portions on the sheet ahead conveniently without-wasting any unused portionof the sheet.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is'a fragmentary sectional view,

front to rear, through an Underwood typewriting machine having the present invention applied thereto the stencil-card being shown in position or having stencils cut,

and the ribbon-vibrating mechanism being inefiective.

Figure 2 shows a structure similar to that in Figure 1, except that certain parts are omitted. The stencil-card is shown in position for having characters typed in ink on the top strip of the usual cardboard frame of the stencil card, the ribbon-vibrating mechanism being efi'ective.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view of a mechanism for feeding the celluloid sheet around the platen, the mechanism being shown in operated condition.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary front View of the structure shown in Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary front view oil mechanism mounted on the shift-rail of the typewriting machine for controlling the ribbon-vibrating mechanism automatically by movement of the card-holder.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary top plan view of the structure shown in Figure 1.

Figure l is a fragmentary perspective view of the carriage of an Underwood typewriting machine, illustrating how a platen-frame may be supported thereon to be shifted to upper-case position in a direction parallel to an inclined stencil-card supported on the platen-frame.

. Figure 8 is a fragmentary top view of the parts shown in Figure 5.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary side view oi a line-spacing mechanism suitable for use in the present invention.

Figure 16 is a diagrammatic view, illustrating how the platen of the present invention is shifted to upper-case position in a direction inclined from the vertical.

In an Underwood typewriting machine to which this invention may be applied. the operation of each alphabet and numeral hey,

i not shown, is eil'ective to swing upwardly toward a platen l0 and into a type-guide 10, a type-bar 11, fulcrumed about a rod 12. fast to a segment 13 rigidly supported, as by a bridge 14. on a main frame 14. A ribbon 15 is vibrated upwardly in front of a type-head 16 on the type-bar 11 by a heel 17 on the type bar 111, striking a universal bar 18 fastened to a bracket 19 which is mounted, as usual, for oscillation forwardly and rearwardlv, and supports a laterally-movable actuator 20 which has an ear 21 provided with a slot 22 engaging about a wrist-pin 23 in the rear end of a ribbon-vibrating lever 24. which supports on its forward end an upright vibrator 25. The lever is pivoted intermediate the wrist-pin and the vibrator on a pin 26 in a rearwardlyextending arm 2'? of a bearing bracket 28. which is fastened on a usual shiftrail 29. The purpose and construction of the bearing-bracket 28 will be "further set forth hereinafter.

In an Underwood typewriting machine a platen-shitt-trame 30 is mounted in a usual eaaaes laterally-movable carriage 31, as is disclosed in Patent No. 1,066,275 to William 16. Helmond, dated July 1., 1913, and the platen is shifted to upper-case position in substantially a vertical plane. As will presently appear, means are provided in the present invention for supporting a fiat stencil-card 32 tangent to the platen 10 in a plane inclined slightly forward at the top to avoid interference with the bridge 14* and type-guide 10. lln order to print upper-case characters on a flat stencil-card inclined as noted above, it is a feature of this invention to provide means for mounting the platen so that it may be shifted to upper-case position in a direction parallel to the inclined stencil-card. To this end, the platen 10, whose length slightly exceeds the width of the stencil-card, is mounted on a platen-shaft 33 in an auxiliary platen-frame 34 centrally disposed between the sides of the platen-shift-frame 30, the platen-shaft being journaled in the sides of both the platen-shift-frame and the auxiliary platentrame, and engaging loosely in the usual axial hole in the platen. A usual crossrod 35, fastened between the sides of the platen-shift-l'rame, passes through the sides of the auxiliary platen-frame to support the latter. A pair of gudgeons 36 fixed on side plates of the auxiliary. platen-frame are positioned in the rear of the platen-shaft and are engaged by the leading ends of rock-arms 37 whose rear ends are rigidly fastened to a rock-shaft 38, whose ends are journaled in hollow ends 39 of bushing pieces ll), which are eccentrically and adjustahly mounted by means of reduced end portions l1 clamped in usual split bearings 42 on the frame 14.

A rock-arm 43 is disposed at each side of the platen-shift-trame, and has its rear end pivoted about a usual screw M in the carriage, and its front end loosely engaging about a shoulder-screw'lti in the platen-shift-frame.

To make use of a standard carriage with a minimum of changes therein, the location of the screws 44 may be the same as usual. The screw 45 (Figure l) is positioned slightly below the end of the rod 33'. where it is fastoned to the carriage. The axis oi the shaft 38 is shown in l igurel above and slightly ahead ofthe axis of the bearings 42 with which it usually coincides. The positioning of the axis of the gudgeons 36 relative to the axis of the bearings 42 may be substantially the same as usual. it will be understood that the position of the axis of the shaft 38 to the axis of the gudgeons 36. and the positions of the screws 45 to the screws 44 are determined by the amount of inclination given the stencil-card 32. By the above-described operative connections between the auxiliary platen-frame 3d and the carriage 31, the platen may be moved to upper-case position and be tangent therein to the inclined flat stencil-card 32. It can be readily seen that ice without departing from the scope of tlie-pres ent invention, the above-noted positioning of the rock-arms'37 and 43 may be varied for shifting the platen to upper-case position in a direction parallel to a flat stencil-card inclined differently from the present disclosure.

The raising of the platen to upper-case position is effected by depression of a usual shift-key, not shown, to which are operatively connected instrumentalities including a shift-key lever-arm 46 engaging against a usual bell-crank 47, to whose forward end the shiftmail 29 is fastened. Two rollers 48, one adjacent each side of the auxiliary platenframe 34, are provided, for a purpose to appear hereinafter, in place of the usual single centrally-positioned roller, and run on the shift-rail and support the weight of the auxiliary platen-frame and the usual platenshift-frame by means of usual brackets 49, upon which the rollers are journaled, the upper ends of the brackets being fastened to the cross-rod 35.

The two side plates 50 have forward edges 51 disposed substantially in the same inclined plane as the card 32 which is supported by a card-holder generally designated as 52, and which includes a substantially U-shaped frame 53 having upright side members 54 disposed against the edges 51 for sliding up and down along the latter. Integral inwardly-turned flanges 55 are provided on the members 54 for engaging against the outer surfaces of the side plates 50 to prevent lateral displacement of the frame 53. To secure the card-holder 52 against the side plates 50 and permit free up and down sliding movement relativethereto an angle guide-plate 56 may be detachably fastened by screws 57 against the outer surfaces of side plates 50 to secure the card-holder 52 and have elements bent for extending forwardly around the flanges 55, and laterally a short distance in front of the end members 51.

The stencil-card 32, as usually constructed, includes a stiff rectangular cardboard frame 58 having an opening therethrough, over which is secured a thin stencil sheet or membrane 59. The U-shaped frame 53 is preferably constructed to extend over the side and bottom edges of the frame 58, which may be held against the frame 53 by any suitable means, such as thin resilient metal strips 60 fastened at the rear of the side members 54, which strips may have fingers 61 at their upper ends ent rearwardly to form a flared throat for inserting the stencil-card. Lower portionsof the fingers may be. bent slightly forwardly for holding the stencil-card down in the holder 52. I

To provide light, inexpensive means for raising the card-holder forline-spacing pu rposes a row of rack-teeth 62 is formed in each side member 54, which teeth mesh with two gears 63 fastened by hubs 64 and screws 65 on the platen-shaft 33 at each side of the platen 10. To prevent the notches between the teeth 62 from catching dirt and other matter, the ends (bottoms) of the notches are open. Line-spacing instrumentalities, such as are disclosed in the co-pending application of Schneider, No. 161,971, filed January 19, 1927 (now Patent No. 1,763,372, dated June 10, 1930), may be employed to rotate the platen shaft different predetermined amounts and concomitantly move the cardholder 52 upwardly the desired line-space distances. For example, the stencil-card 32 being in position to receive typing on the top portion of the frame 58, it may be line-spaced at one operation to bring the stencil-sheet 59 to the printing line to have stencils cut in the first line of stencil-characters. Thenext operation of the line-spacing instrumentalities.

ment of the stencil-card holder 52, an arm 71 is fastened on the platen-shaft 33 adjacent the outer surface of the right-hand side plate 50 of the auxiliary platen-frame. An integral flange 72 on the arm 71 extends inwardly toward the platen through a cutout 73 in the side plate. A screw 74, having a head 75, is screwed into a hole in the flange and passes through the latter rearwardly, as shown inFigure 1, to receive a lock-nut 7 6 for holding the screw-head 75 securely in any position in which it maybe set. When the card-holder 52 is moved downwardly to the end of its travel the screw-head 75 will abut against an integral stop-tooth'77 on the righthand side plate positioned on the inside edge of the cutout 73 (Figure 2). The upper limit of the travel of the card-holder'is determined by a stud 78 projecting from the rear side of the flange to strike against a stop-tooth 79 on the right-hand side plate positioned on the plane of the work-faces of the types 80 be disposed parallel with the plane of the stencilcard. The preferred way of accomplishing this result in the present invention is to solder the usual typehead 16 on a type-bar 11, so that Since the stencil-card 32- is inclined forwardly, it is necessary that the the type-head will be inclined; forwardly from the usual vertical plane the necessary amount to bring the work-faces of the types 80 squarely against the inclined stencil-card at the printing point.

When stencil-characters are being cut in the membrane 59 it is necessary that the ribbon be silenced. The usual means for manually silencing the ribbon 15 includes a rock-shaft 81 having fast on its rear end an upwardly-extending arm 82, connected by a link 83 to the actuator 20, and manually-operable devices (not shown) for rotating the rock-shaft 81 at will. It is a feature of the present invention to provide a simple, compact means for automatically controlling the ribbon-vibrating mechanism, which will be operable by movement of the card-holder 52, and operatively connected with the actuator 20, through the above-notedmanually-operable means, with a minimum of changes therein. To this end, the bearing-bracket 28 is fastened on the shift-rail 29 by screws 85 and is braced by an integral flange 28' engaging against the top of the shift-rail, and has a rightwardly extending integral portion terminating in a rearwardly-extending lug in which the pivot 26 is held to support the ribhon-vibrator lever 24:. To portion 88 an up wardly-extending rightwardly-inclined arm 86 is provided, to ,whose upper end a substantially lit-shaped rearwardly-extending journal-member 87 is integrally joined. From the rear end of the member 87 a short arm 90 extends parallel to the long arm 86 and terminutes a short distance from the end of the rightward travel of the actuator 20. For a purpose to presently appear, the arms 86 and 90 are disposed in a plane which makes a right angle with the plane of the card-holder 52, and are provided with two holes in alignment with each other, one in each arm adjacent the cross-piece 87, to serve as journals for a rock-shaft 91, to whose front end is fastened a crank-arm 92 extending leftwardly along the plane of the card-holder 52 slightly in the rear thereof. In the left end of the crank-- arm 92 is fastened a forwardly-extending, round pin 93, carrying a loose rolling sleeve 94:. On the rear end of the shaft 91 is fastened an upwardly-extending arm 95 whose upper end is connected by a pull link 96 to the upper end of the arm 82 on the rock-shaft 81.

The card-holder 52 will preferably be dis: posed in its uppermost osition (see Figure 1) when a stencil-card is eing inserted therein. After the card has been pushed down against the lower stop-piece 97 at the bottom ofthe card-holder, the operator will press down, preferably with her fingers, on each of two forwardly-projecting tabs 98, one being integrally joined to each of the side members at at the top. Just before the'top strip of the cardboard-frame 58 is brought to the printing field, the stop-piece 97 will strike the sleeve 94 around the pin 93 and force the latter and the arm 92 downwardly, which movement will be effective through the above-described operative connection between the arm 92 and the actuator to move the actuator leftwardly against the action of a s ring 99 coiled around the rock-shaft 81 an having one end hooked under thearm 82, thereby bringing the actuator into engagement wit the wrist-pin 23 and making the ribbon-vibrating mechanism efiective so that characters may be typed on the top strip of the frame 58.

Means are provided for holding the cardholder down in Figure 2 position against the action of the spring 99, which means include a .roller-detent 100 of the above-mentioned line-spacing instrumentalities (Figure 9). The detent is mounted in the end of a pivoted arm 101, and the latter is engaged by a spring 102, which is efiective to press the detent against the ratchet-wheel 69 stron ly enough to prevent rotation thereof by the Force of the spring 99, whichrotative force acts on the ratchet-Wheel through interponents includ ing the arm 82, link 96, arm 95, shaft 91, arm 92, rack 62, gears 63 and platen-shaft 33. It will be noted that the arm 92 is considerably longer than the arm 95 (Figure 5). This permits the light wei ht of the cardholder 52 to aid considerably t e detent 100 in holdin the card-holder down against the action 0 the spring 99.

When the stencil-card holder 52 is linespaced upwardly by operation of a usual linespace lever, not shown, or by rotation of usual finger-Wheel 103 on the platen-shaft, the pin 93 follows the card-holder up until the actuator 20 is stopped at the end of its rightward travel by the usual slot-element, at which point the actuator is out of engagement with the wrist-pin 23 and the ribbon is thereby silenced.

A sheet of celluloid 110 or like material is disposed around the laten 10 to form a backing therefor, against which the types 80 may, strike. The advantages of such a backing are well known in the art. When the portion of the celluloid sheet at the printing line becomes" Worn it is necessary to replace it with an unused portion. It is a feature of the present invention to replace the worn portion of the celluloid sheet with a fresh portion conveniently and also economically, i. e., to move a used portion of the sheet at the printing line ahead just the right distance to brin an unused portion to the printing line wit out wasting any appreciable area of it by letting it be inadvertently moved past the printing line. To this end, the celluloid sheet is inserted from the rear over a usual paper-table 111, past a forwardly-extending resilient apron 112 of the paper-table, which apron engages against the platen 19 below the printing line. To

guard against the sheet 110 turning down under the platen at the delivery side thereof, a paper-table 113 is mounted on a U-shaped bracket 114 (Figure 6) supported on a crossrod 115, which is detachably fastened by screws 116 between the-side plates of the auxiliary platen-frame 34. A gear or roller 117 disposed. at the delivery side of theplaten has teeth 118, whose outer ends are made sufficiently sharp to appreciably bite or indent the celluloid sheet 110 when pressed against it by means to presently appear. The roller 117 is centrally located between the side edges of the celluloid sheet 110 on a rod or axle 11%) (Figures 1, 3 and 6) supported between and projecting out from each of the forward ends of a pair of arms 120 fastened on hubs 121, which loosely engage about the cross-bar 115. The left end of the axle 119 may have threads for screwing into the left-hand arm 120 for holding the axle in placeon the arms. To prevent lateral displacement of the arms 120, two collars 122 may be fastened by screws 123 on the rod 115,- one at the outside of each hub 121. To press the ends of the teeth 118 into the celluloid sheet 110 to cause it to bite the sheet sufficiently for feeding it ahead, a spring 124 is coiled about each hub 121 and hasone end fastened to the adjacent collar 122, and the other end extending forwardly to hook over the adjacent projecting end of the axle 119. v A bail 125 is loosely mounted on the rod 115 to be revolved therearound and has two arms 126 extending forwardly to engage around the axle-119 inside the arms 120. The left-hand arm 126 is disposed against the left end of the roller 117, and the right-hand arm 126 is disposed adjacent the right end of the roller 117 with a space therebetween for a purpose to presently ap.

pear. The bail 125 has an upwardly-extend ing finger-piece 127 in the rear of the rod i 115 for swinging the roller 117 upwardly away fromthe platen 10 when inserting a new sheet'of celluloid therebetween.

To move a used portion of the celluloid sheet 110ahead the right distance to bring an unused portion to the printing line without waste, an upwardly and rear'wardly extending finger-piece 130 is loosely pivoted on the axle 119 against the right end of the roller 117. Pivotally mounted on the left side of the finger-piece 130 adjacent the upper end thereof is a depending drive pawl 131, whose lower end 132 is arranged for engaging in the valleys between the teeth 118. A spring 133 is fastened to an car 134 on the pawl 131 below the pivot thereof and to the linger-piece 127 in the rear of the pawl, and functions to hold the pawl 131 in opera- :tive engagement ,with the teeth 118. The spring 133 also'te nds to pull the linger-piece 130 rearwardly, which movement is limited by providing a sector-like notch 135 in the lower hub-portion of the finger-piece around the axle 119 and mounting a lateral pin 136 in the-side of the adjacent arm 126 to be disposed between the sides of the notch 135. hen by making the-notch the proper width, and swinging the finger-piece 130 from its rear position (Figure l) to its forward position (l igure'li), the roller 117 will be rotate-d clockwise and the sharp teeth 118 pressed into the celluloid sheet will move the latter ahead substantially the same peripheral distance the teeth are rotated by the pawl 131, which is determined by the width of the notch 135.

When the'linger-piece 130' is released after being moved forward, the lower end 132 of the pawl rides idly over the teeth 118, as it is moved rearwardly by the spring 133, the force of the springs 124 pressing the toothed roller 11? against the celluloid sheet strong enough to prevent backward rotation of the roller.

The sharp-toothed roller 117 and the pawl 131 cooperate with the apron 112 to give an additional advantage. They help to keep the celluloid sheet taut around the platen. Any tendency for the celluloid sheet to straighten out or slip backwards is resisted by the pawl 131 preventing counterclockwise rotation of the roller 117.

To compensate for the weight of the stencil-card holder and the celluloid backing sheet feeding mechanism which is supported on theplaten-frames and has to be raised by operation of a usual shift-key, not shown, a usual spring 137 on the rock-shaft 38 may be adjusted byusual well-known means.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may/be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:.

1.' In a stencil-cutting typewriter machine, in combination, a carriage, an outer platen-frame having its sides disposed adjacent the sides of said carriage, an inner platen-frame positioned intermediate the sides of said outer platen-frame, a platen mounted in said inner platen frame, a card-holder on said inner platen-frame movable up and down in an inclined plane and effective for holding a stencil-card in a fiat condition tangentially to said platen, typing instrumentalities having upper and lower case types inclined in agreement with the card-holder, mechanism for vibrating a ribbon at the printing point, means operated by movement of said card-holder effective for silencing said ribbon-vibrating mechanism when the sheetof the stencil-card is in the printing field, and for making said ribbon-vibrating mechanism effective when the up er portion of the frame of said card is in tfie printing field, and means for shifting said platen upwardly and forwardly to upper-case position fill Gil

in a direction parallel to said stencil-card holder, said platen-shitting means including a lateral rock-shaft in the rear of said inner platen-frame, two arms having their rear ends fast to said rock-shaft, two gudgeons on said inner platen-frame, one on each side thereof arranged for engagement with the front ends of said arms, said gudgeons being disposed below said roclnshaft a distance corresponding to the inclination of said cardholder, and two rock-arms, each having its rear end pivoted to a side of the carriage and its other end pivoted to the adjacent side of said outer platen-frame at a point below its rear pivotal connection with said outer platen-frame a distance corresponding to the inclination of said card-holder.

2. In a stencil-card-typing machine, the combination with typing instrumentalities including a platen, of a backing-strip-feedroller, means for pressing the same against the platen eflective to hold the strip thereon, and a fin er-piece mounted to move concentrically w1th said roller for rotating and rocking thesame, edective to feed the strip a fixed amount and rock the roller away from the platen, respectively, by movements of the finger-piece in opposite directions.

3. In a stencil-cutting typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a platenshift-frame, a shift-rail for raising said shittframe to upper-case position, typing instrumentalities, mechanism efi'ective for vibrating a ribbon at the printing point upon operation of each of said instrumentalities, a cardholder effective for line-spacing a fiat stenoil-card tangent to said platen, including a ran1e,and instrumentalities for controlhng said ribbon-vibrating mechanism to silence said ribbon when stencil characters are being cut in said stencil-card, and to vibrate said ribbon when ribbon-impression charac- 'ters are typed on theframe of said stencilcard, said controlling instrumentalities includmg a rock-arm supported on said shiftrail for operative engagement with said card-holder, said rock-arm being operatively connecmd with said ribbon-vibrating mechanism.

4:. In a t pewriting machine, in combination, a carriage, a lateral rock-shaft disposed between the sides of said carriage and supported thereon, an outer platemframe having its sides disposed between the sides of said carriage and adjacent thereto, a platenshaft journaled in the sides of said platenframe, a cross-rod fastened between the sides of said outer platen-frame, a air of rockarms, one of which connects eac side of said outer platen-frame with the adjacent side of said carriage, an inner laten-frame positioned between the sides 0 said outer platenframe and in front of said rock-shaft, said platen-shaft and said cross-rod passing through the sides of said inner platen-frame tenants to hold it in fixed relation with said outer platen-frame, a platen on said platen-shaft between the sides of said platen-frame, and a pair of rock-arms, each pivotally connected to a side of said inner platen and to said rock-shaft, said pairs of rock-arms being arranged for swinging said platen to uppercase position in a direction inclined from a vertical plane through the axis of the platen.

5. lln a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage and a platen supported by said carriage, of means for shifting said platen to upper-case position .in a direction inclined from the vertical, said means including an outer platen-frame having its sides disposed adjacent the sides of said carriage, a rock-arm connecting each side of said platen-frame to the adjacent side of said carriage, a rock-shaft between the sides of said carriage, an inner platen-frame disposed between the sides of said outer laten-frame in front of said rock-shaft, a s aft for said platen passing through and supported by the sides of both platen-frames, and a pair of rock-arms, each having its rear end fastened to said rock-shaft and its front end pivotally fastened to a side of said inner platen-frame.

6. In a stencil-cutting typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, types, a paper-table-apron engaging against said platen below the printing 1111c, and a sheet of celluloid fed around said laten from. the rear to form a backing for said types to strike against, of a toothed roller arranged for gripping said celluloid sheet against the platen on the opposite side of the printing line from said apron, and means mounted to engage the roller for operating the latter to feed said sheet forwardly and to hold said sheet taut against slipping on the platen.

Y. in a stencil-cutting ttypewriting machine having types, the combination with a platen, a paper-table-apron engaging against said platen below the printing line, and a sheet of celluloid fed around said platen from the rear to form a backing for said types to strike against, of a toothed roller arranged for gripping said celluloid sheet against the platen on'the opposite side of the printing line from said apron, to hold said sheet taut against slipping on the platen, and means engaging the roller to rotate the latter in one directlon to advance the sheet, and effective to prevent the sheet from turning the roller in an opposite direction, whereby the sheet is held against loosening.

8. In a stencil-cutting typewriting machine, the combination with types, a platen around which a celluloid sheet may be fed from the rear to form a backing for said types, and a paper-table-apron engaging against said platen below the printin line, of a roller disposed on the opposite side of the printing line from said paper-table and having teeth with sharp ends for biting or indenting said celluloid sheet, a spring for pressing said roller firmly against said platen to hold said celluloid sheet taut between the roller and the apron, and means engaging the roller for operating the same toadvance the sheet for line-space distances.

9. The structure described in claim 6, having a platen-shaft loosely supporting the platen thereon, the platen beingvheld stationary against rotary'movement by the coaction of the apron and the celluloid sheetand toothed roller.

10. In a 'stencil-card-typing machine, the combination with typing instrumentalities including a shaft, card-line spacing mechanism actuated by said shaft, and'a platen free to rotate'pn aifd'independently of the rotation of the shaft, of a backing-strip-feedroller, means for pressin the same against the platen efiective to ho d the platen from rotating and secure thestrip thereon, a pivoted finger-piece movable concentrically with said roller effective to move the same to rotate the platen and feed the strip independently of the movements of said shaft, and means for limiting the angular movement of the roller tocontrol the amount of strip fed.

11. In a stencil-cutting typewriting machine, in combination, a carriage, a platenframe, a revoluble platen in said frame, a card-holder mounted in an inclined plane on said frame for holding a flat stencil-cardtangent to said platen, typing instrumentalities for engagement against said platen having upper and lower case types sloped to conform with the inclined plane of the cardholder for striking squarely against said stencil-card, and rock-arm connections between said carriage and said platen-frame arranged for swinging the latter upwardly and forwardly to upper-case positlon in a direction substantially parallel to the plane of said stencil-card, whereby said upper-case types will be effective for striking through sa1d stencil-card against said platen.

12. In a stencil-cutting typewritin machine, in combination, a carriage, a p atenframe, a platen in said frame, a card-holder mounted on said platen-frame for holding a flat forwardly-inclined stencil-card tangent to said platen, typing instrumentalities for engagement against. said laten having up- )er and lower case types isposed for strikmg squarely against said stencil-card, and a connection between said carriage and said platen-frame arranged for swinging the latter forwardl in a direction substantially parallel to tie plane of said stencil-card, whereby said upper-case types may be effective against said platen, said connection including a lateral rock-shaft between the sides of said carriage, eccentric bearings for said rock-shaft, and two pairs of rock-arms. one rock-arm of each pair being disposed ateach end of said platen and having its forward end operatively connected to said latenframe, the rear ends of one pair of roc -arms being fastened on said rock-shaft and the rear ends of the other pair of said rock-arms being pivotally fastenedto said carriage.

13. In a combined stencil-cutting and typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a platen-shift-frame, a-ribbon-vibrating mechanism, a stencil-card holder movable up and down in front of said platen for holding a stencil-card tangent thereto, a shift-rail, mechanism mounted on said shift-rail intermediate the sides of said platen-frame and operated by movement of said card-holder for controlling said ribbon-vibrating mechanism to make it effective or ineffective in accordance with the position of said stencilcard relative to the printing field, and two rollers runnin on said shift-rail and supporting said p aten-frame, one roller being "disposed at each side of said controlling mechanism adjacent the sides of said frame, whereby each side ortion of the stencil-card in said holder may e disposed at the printing point before a roller strikes said mechanism on said shift-rail.

14. In a stencil-cutting typewritin machine, the combination wlth a platenrame, a platen, mechanism for vibrating a ribbon, a stencil-card holder slidably mounted "on said frame for movement up and down tangent to said platen, and a shift-rail, of a spring-operated mechanism holding said ribbon-vibrating mechanism normally ineffective, instrumentalities mounted on said shiftrail, approximately midway between the sides of said platen-frame, to be operated by downward movement of said card-holder for making said ribbon-vibratin mechanism efiective when said card-holder is in its lowest position, said spring-operated mechanism being effective to restore said instrumentalities to normal position when said card-holder is line-spaced upwardly, and a roller-on said shift-rail disposed adjacent each side. of said platen-frame for supporting the latter and permittin lateral movement of the same alongjsai shift-rail a distance substantially equal to its width.

15, In a front-strike typewritin machine having a carriage, rearwardly-stri ing typebars and a type-bar segment-device, the combination with a platen-frame having a rotatable platen thereon overhanging the typebar segment-device, and a stralght-line guide extending downwardly and rearwardly between said platen and said ty e-bar segment device to hold a stencil-card 1n flat condition against the platen, upper and lower case types being provided upon each of said typebars and inclined in agreement with said guide to print upon the front of the platen at a point depressed below the platen-axis, and means upon said carriage for shifting the platen upwardly and forwardly to enable the upper-case types on the type-bars to print at said depressed printing point.

16. In a front-strike typewriting machine having a revoluble platen, a carriage, rearwardly-striking type-bars, a type-guide in proximity to the platen, and a type-bar segment-device which is overhung by the platen, the combination of a flat stencil-card carrierframe, a platen having a guide to direct said carrier downwardly and rearwardly between the front of the platen and said type-guide, said stencil-carrier slidable downwardly and rearwardly in said guide behind said segmerit-device, upper and lower case types provided upon each of said type-bars and mounted to print upon the front of the platen at a point depressed below the level of the platen-axis, said carrier arranged tangentially to said printing point and said types inclined in agreement with the direction of said carrier and said guide, and means upon said carriage for shifting the platen upwardly and forwardly to enable the upper-case types on the type-bars tb print at said .depressed printing point.

17 In a stencil-card typewriting machine having type-bars, a type-bar segment-device anda carriage, the combination of a platen-- shift-frame having a platen, a flat stencilcard-holding frame reciprocatable upon the platen-frame for presenting a fiat stencilcard to the printing line of the platen and tilted to slide up and down in an incline plane behind the segment-device, upper and lower case types upon each of said type-bars and mounted to print upon a stencil-card at a point depressed below the level of the platenaxis, and means upon said carriage for shifting the platen-frame upwardly and forwardly to enable the upper-case types to print at said depressed printing point.

18. In a front-strike 'typewriting machine having a conventional carriage. rearwardlystriking type-bars and a type-bar segmentdevice, the combination of an auxiliary platen-frame having a revoluble platen thereon overhanging the type-bar segment-device, and a straight guide extending downwardly and rearwardly between the platen and said type-bar segment-device, a fiat stencil-card carrier-frame for presenting a stencil-card to the printing line of the platen and slidable downwardly and rearwardly in an incline plane in said guide, upper, and lower case types upon each of said type-bars inclined in agreement with the carrier-frame and guide to print upon a stencil-card at the printing line of the platen, a main platenshift frame rigidly connected to said auxiliary frame, and means upon said carriage for shifting the platen-frames upwardly and forwardly as a unit to enable the upper-case types on the type-bars to print at said printing line of the platen.

19. In a front-strike typewriting machin aaaaaee having rearwardlystriking type-bars, a type-bar segment-device and a carriage, the combination of a platen-shift-frame having a platen overhanging the segment-device, a flat stencil-card-holding frame reciprocatable upon the platen-frame for presenting flat; stencil-cards to the printing line of the platen and tilted to slide up and down in an incline plane behind said segment-device, upper and lower case types upon each of said type-bars and mounted to print upon a stencil-card at a point depressed below the level of the platen-axis, means upon said carriage for shifting the platen-frame upwardly and forwardly to enable the upper-case types to print at said depressed printing point, and line-- spacing mechanism for the stencil-card carrier mounted upon the platen-frame and connected to said carrier.

20. In a front-strike typewriting machine having a conventional carriage, rearwardlystriking type-bars and a type-bar segmentdevice, the combination of a platen-shaft, a

platen mount-ed on said shaft and overhanging the type-bar segment-device, an auxiliary platen-frame mounted on said shaft and having a straight guide extending downwardly and rearwardly between the platen and said type-bar segment-device, a fiat stencil-card carrier-frame for presenting a stencil-card to the printing line of the platen and slidable downwardly and rearwardly in said guide, stop means mounted upon the platen-shaft to engage the auxiliary platen-frame to limit the sliding movement of the card-carrier, upper and lower case types upon each of said type-bars inclined in agreement with the card-carrier, a main platen-shift-frame rigidly connected to said auxiliary frame, and means upon said carriage for shifting the platen-frames upwardly and forwardly as a unit to enable the upper-case types of the type-bars to print at said printing line of the platen.

21. In a stencil-card-typing machine, the

combination with typing instrumentalities including a. shaft, line-spacing mechanism for the card, actuated by said shaft, and'a platen mounted on but arranged to rotate independently thereof, of a backing-strip-feedroller, means for pressing the same against the platen effective to hold the platen stationary while said shaft rotates and secure the strip thereon, and a reciprocatable fingerpiece mounted to move concentrically with said roller and effective to rotate the same to feed the strip a predetermined amount at each stroke of the finger-piece.

22. In a stencil-card-typing machine, the combination with typing instrumentalities including a line-spacing mechanism for said card, including an actuating shaft therefor, and a platen supported thereby but free to rotate independently thereof, of a U-shaped frame, a backing-strip-feed-roller, a pivot memes and a pivoted finger-piece including means to engage said teeth to rotate the roller and thereby rotate the platen and feed the strip a fixed amount at each stroke of the fingerpiece.

23. In a stencil-cutting-typewriting ma chine, the combination of a platen, a platenshift-frame, a shift-rail effective for raising said frame to upper-case position, typing instrumentalities, a lever effective for vibrat-= ing a ribbon in response to said instrumentalities, a card-holder effective for line-spacing a flat stencil-card, means to guide the holder in a straight path tangentially to said platen, said holder including a frame to holdsaid card, and means to control the operation of said ribbon-vibrating lever by the position of said frame in the machine, including a pivoted arm, a terminal at the free end thereof in the path of said card-holder, effective to be actuated by the lower end thereof, to swing 'said arm in a plane parallel to said cardholder and mechanism between the arm and.

the ribbon-vibrating lever, whereby the posi= tion of the card-holder determines the effectiveness of said ribbon-vibrating lever.

24-. In a, typewriting machine, the combination of type-bars having upper and lower case types thereon, a carriage, a platen-frame shiftably supported thereln, a platen supported by said frame, rectilinear guides on the platen-frame, a stencil-card-holder slidably mounted tangentially to said platen in said guides, effective to hold a stencil-card in fiat condition for typing, means rotatably mount ed in said frame to feed the cardholder to line-space the stencil-card therein, and means for shifting the platen-frame upwardly to enable the upper case of types to print the stencil-card. p

25. In a stencil-card-typing machine, the combination with typing instrumentalities including a platen, and a platen frame to support the same, of a backing-strip-feedroller, a spring-pressed frame pivoted at one end to the platen-frame and rotatably supporting the roller at the other end, for pressing the roller against the platen, to control its rotation and to hold the strip thereon, and a finger-piece, pivoted on the roller-axis, effective to rotate said roller to feed the backing strip through the machine, including means to control the amount of strip fed at each 0 eration of said finger-piece.

26. n a steneil-card-typewriting machine,

the combination of a carriage, a card-holder supported thereby, a lateral rock-shaft disposed between the sides of the same, an outer platen-frame disposed between the sides of the carriage, an inner platen-frame positioned between the sides of the outer platen-frame and in front of said rock shaft,

a pair of rock-arms at each end of the carriage, pivotally supporting the outer and inner platen-frames thereto, as a unit, a platen-shaft passin in the sides of the said inner and outer platenframes, efiective to hold the inner platenframe in position in relation to the outer platen-frame, additional means for hold ng the inner platen-frame in stationery relatlon to the outer platen-frame, whereby the mner platen-frame cannot rotate on the platenshaft, a platen mounted between the sides of the inner platen-frame, supported by and free to rotateupon the platen-shaft, and means associated with said platen-shaft and inner platen-frame, whereby said card-holder is line-spaced independently of the movements of said platen.

27. In a stencil-card-cutting typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a platen-frame, a platen supported thereby,

a card-holder rectilinearly movable on said the laten-frame for guiding the latter upwar ly into upper-case typing position in a direction, substantially parallel with the plane of said stencil-card.

28. In a stencil-card-typewriting machine, the combination of a revoluble platen, a shaft supporting the same but not rotatably connected thereto, a card-holdingframe, means to reciprocate the same in front of the platen upon rotation of the shaft, a pressure-roller bearing against the platen for holdin the platen stationary against rotation an for oldlng a backing strip therearound, and a finger-piece to rotate said pressure-roller including means to limit said rotation to a fixed angle to rotate the platen and feed the backlng strip a corresponding amount at each operation thereof, independently of the feed of said oard.

, CHARLES M. LAWRENCE.

through and journaled I

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