US1376165A - Firearm - Google Patents

Description

W. E. BOSEBUSH.

FIREARM.

VAPPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1929.

1,376,165, Patented Apr. 26, 1921.A

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W. E. ROSEBUSH.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25. 1920.

11,376,165. Patented Apr. 26,1921.

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FIREARM.

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Original application nled January 26,

T 0 @ZZ whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, lWALDoV E. ltosnisusn,V a. citizen of the United States,'and a resi-Y dent of Spokane, in the county of Spokane and State of lVashington, Vhave invented new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following isa full, clear, and exact description, this being a division 'of theV application for Letters Patent of the United States for a composite automatic iirearm, Serial'No. 358,983,1iiled by me on January 26,1920. l

' The invention relates to recoil operated breech loading,r hand firearms, such, forinstance.v as shown and describedin the Letters Patent of the United States, No. 1,291,688 and No. 1,811,715, granted to me on January 14, 1919, and July 29, 1919, respectively. Y Y j f Tlieobject of the invention is to provide certain new and useful improvements inv automatic hand firearms 'of vthe concealed 'l hammer type whereby thehammer can be securely locked when in cocked position and the sear rendered inoperative relative to the I trigger. Another Objectis to allow the user to readily lock the breech'block or bolt temporarily against rearward movement and against return movement after the breech block has been pushed by hand into rearmost vposition.

Another object is to provide a Lgrip safety arranged to prevent accidental discharge of the gun in case the latter is accidentally dropped or not-'held securely in the hand.

Another object is" to ,visually indicate whether the hammer is in 'fired position and not in cocked position.

Tith these and other objects in view, the invention consistsof certain novel features of construction ashereinafter shown andde- A scribed and then specifically pointed out in Ythe claims.

' A practical embodiment of the invention is represented .in the accompanying drawinns forming a part of this specification, inwwhicli similarcharacters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.A

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a firearm arranged as a liammerless of S32-caliber and provided with'the improved safety devices; L Fig. 2`is an enlarged longitudinal section of the same and with the safety inactive position;

coil;

nier; .-.V v l F195. 18 is a perspective view ofthe con,

VF 3 is a. fragmentary view ofthe saine with the safety off and thel parts iii firing position; Y'

A Specification of Iletters Patent, l PittlitdxAplrZ, 1.921,1.

192e, sei-iai No. 353,983.- iiivifiea :nia/finisl application tied June 25ie2e. serial no. 391,582.Y

Fig. 4 is a similar view of the sameJ with the parts in'position after iringfand with the breech` block iii position prior to its re-y Figs. safety lever;

Fig. f is. a perspective view of the spring `for moving' the sear into inoperative position on withdrawing theniagazine;

Fig is anrenlarged fragmentary viewof the safety .device with the parts in activek 5 and 6 are perspective views of the f Fig. '10 is an enlarged crosssection of the Fig. 11is anenlarged side elevationy ofthe rear end of the firearm vwith parts'in sectionv on the line 11-11of Fig'. 10;;

Fig. 12 is a perspective View of the .grip safety lever; f i n Fig. 13 is afperspective view of the breech yimproved firearm on theline10-10 of .block4 or bolt;

Fig. lll is afperspective view of the barrel receiver;

Fig. is a perspective view of the main frame strap;

Figyl is a perspective view of the backtrollingbar controlled kby the safety and A.

controllingthe Sear; Y'

controllingthe scar;

Fig. 21 is a perspeotiveview of the sear;

andV

Fig, 22

Fig. Y19 is a perspective view Vofthe .trig-r Fig. 2O is a similarviewofV the U-piece tionV of thev improved firearm with parts -shown in section.

The automaticiirearmdllustrated in fthe a sear 57, aV trigger 58 and va back vstrap 59.

,o The main frame 59 is -providedwith a Sniti ioo i is a fragmentary rear side elevai with the usual trigger guard 61 for the trig ger 58. The forward end of the main frame 50 is rovided with two u, wardh extendino P e Vaccidental displacement.

lugs 62 (see Fig. 15) Aforming a guideway or a saddle, and on the sides of the said lugs are formed half-round pivots 63 adapted to be engaged by correspondingly shaped notches 641'formed in the sides 65 of the barrel receiver 52-(see Figs. 141 andV 15). By the arrangement described the barrel receiver 52 -is mounted to swingen a pivot 63 into and out of position'o'n the main frame when assembling or disasseinbling the firearm. The sides 65 lit rsnugly over the sides of the main frame. 50 so' as yto hold the parts mounted on the main frame against Thel barrel receiver 52 is provided on top with a saddle provided with spaced segmental grooves 71 engaged by correspondingly shaped lugs or ribs`72 formed on the under side of the rear end of the barrel 51 to hold the latter in position on the receiver 52; The rear end of the saddle 70 and the rear end or" the barrel 51 abut against the forward face of a lug 75 (see Fig. Y15) which is an' integral partk of the main frame 50, and the baclfrof this lugv 75 is beveled to guidea Vcartridge 76 into thefbore77 of the barrel 51. yThe top of the lug '7 5 is provided with a half-round recess i 78 having an upwardly and forwardly inclined bottom 79 at'the'rear end` of Vthe bore 77 of the barrel `51-to insure proper seating of the cartridge 76' in the rear end 0f the barrel. i i

The breech block 53 is provided with'the usual forwardly extending cover 80 for the barrel 51 and with the recess'82 at the rear end for receiving the upper portion of the hammer 56. rlhe sides 88. of the breech ublock 58 are provided at the inner faces with longitudinally extending grooves 8-1 mounted to slide on guideways, of which portions and V86 are spaced a1 art and formedon the barrel receiver 52 Ysee 121), other portions 87 are formed on a lug'88 forining an integral part of the main frame 50 (see Fig. 15), and still other portions 89 of the guideways are formed'on the back strap 59 Vand hence the breech block 53 is securely held against`upward movement by the upward pressure of lthe uppermost cartridge 76 in the magazine 54: at the same time the barrel receiver 52 and the back strap 59 are locked to the main frame 50. In order to strengthen the barrel receiver 52 the sides 65 thereof are rigidly connected with each of the guideway portions 86 by an integral crossbar 66 to stiften the barrel receiver. The vcrossbar 66 is adapted to abut against f the 'back of the lug 88 thus holding the barrel receiver 52 against accidental forward moveA ment.

The breech block 58 ispressed on by a spring 90 extending with its forward end into a chamber 91 forming an integral part of the breech block at the bottom of the forward end, and this chamber 91 fits into the guideway formed by `the lugs 62. The rear portion of the spring 90 is coiled around the pin 92 seated in a recess 93' formed in the saddle 700i2 the barrel receiver 52. t is understood that the forward movement ofk c the breech block 58 is limited by its forward shoulder abutting kagainst the rear end of the barrel 51, as plainly shown in Figs. 2,

3 ande. i

Theiiring pin 55 is mountedto slide in the breech bloclr 58' and is arranged for kcenter firing ythe cartridge 7 6 in the barrel 51 ,at the time. L'llheiiring pin 55 is of `any ap-` proved construction and is preferably of the sectional kt ne illustrated in. Fi s. 2 8 and 1,

Yi a

Nadapted to engage a tooth or lug 112 formed on the rear end of the sear 57 to hold the hammer 56 in cocked position, as Vshown in Figs; 2,8 and 9.V T he seaiV 57 is practically the same as the one shown and' described in the Letters Patentabove referred to so that further detail description of the saine is not 'deemed necessary, it being understood7 however, that the forward end of the sear 57 is pressed on by arspiing 118 to normally liold' Ythe sear 57 in rearmost position to engage the hammer 56 to holdthe same in cocked position. The spring 118 is mounted on a pin 114 provided with a head 115 having -a transverse knife edge 116 bearing on the front wall of a slot 117 formed in the main frame 50. The knife edge 116 allows a free up and down rocking movement of the sear 57. into the rearend of the slot 117 opens a Vgroove 118 formed in the left-hand side of the main frame 50 to accommodate the sear 57 and the rear end of this groove 11G-ter- .mina-tes in a bearing 119 engaged by the front portion of a rounded-off tooth 112 which thus forms a pivot for the sear to roclr on up and down, and also to allow the igevegiea lforward and rearward movement ofthe said Sear.' The sear 57 is provided near its forward end with a square shoulder 120 adaptedto be engaged by a projection 121 formed on the trigger 5 8 fulcrumed at 122 in the mainv framel 50. rThe finger-piece of the trigger 58 extends intothe trigger guard 61 to be within convenient position for the operators vfinger for pressing the trigger whenever it is desired Ato move the' sear 57 forward against the tension of the spring- 113 to release the hammer 56 `for tiring purposes. A spring 123 is mounted in the mainv frame and engagesthe top of the trigger 53 to hold the latter normally in a rearmost position. j

The rearends of the sides of the barrel receiver 52v are locked in place by the back .strap 59 fitting into a recess inthe back of the handle 60 of the main frame 50. The

lower end of the back strap 59'is pivoted' at tothe handle 60 andthe upper end of the back strap 59 is provided with'forwardly extending lugs 13,1 (see-Figs. 1, 11 and 16) fitting the sides of the main frame 50 and terminating in catches 132 engaging shoulders 133 formed on the'rear'edges' of the sides 65 of the barrel receiver 527 thus holding the barrel receiver lockedin position at its rear end. VThe back strap 59 is provided with a recess 135 vin which vis arranged ahammer spring 136 pressing with its upper end on the under side of the plunger or'head 137 mounted to slide in therecess135. The top of theplunger 137 is pivotally connected at'138 with a link 139 enf gaging at itsupper end alrecess140 formed in the under side ofthe heel 106 of the hammer 56 to impart a forward swinging movelugs 141 formed integrally with thesides I of the main frame 50,.as.plainly `indicated in the drawings. The lower end of the ham- ,me'r spring 136 bears on an arm 145 projecting. at anangle from 'a catchv 146 provided with trunnions 147 mounted to turn in vthebaclr strap 59. The catch 146 lntends downward through the handle 60, audits lower 4end is provided with. a plate 148 adapted to engage theunder side.of the bottom 149 of the magazine 54 removably held in the handle 60. By the arrangement described, the hammerspring 136 controlsy the hammer 56, the catch 146 and the back strap 59 owing to the fact that thecatchy 146 `is pivoted onthe back strap, as will be readily understood by reference toV Fig. 2.A

111 Order toeffectively'lOQk' the firearm,

use-is "made ofa safety device capableofrendering the hammer'v 56`and the trigger 58 inoperative, at the same time locking' the breech block 53 against movement. For the Y purpose mentioned use is made of a safety' lever arranged on the left-hand side ati` lthe Vrear endof the firearm and provided with a pivot 161 mounted toturn ina bearing 162 formedin the back strap 59.- The inner end of the pivot 5161 terminates ina cam 163 and adaptedtov engage a lcam 1641 formed on the hammer 5 6 to lock the latter when in cocked position', and at the time the' safety lever" 160 is swung-upward from its .8O

normal ylowermost position' (indicated in dotted lines in Figsl and9--) to uppermost position (shown in full lines in Fig. 1y and in dotted lines in'Figs. Sand v11). Itis understoodthat when the safety lever 160l vis in lowermost or` voll'nosition then .the

cams 163 and 164 are in unlocked position (see Fig. 9) yto allow free movement 'of the hammer from cocked firing' position'and viceversa. When the hammer is in-cocked position and the lever 166 is swung upward then the cams 163 and '164 interlock `(see Fig. vS) .to hold the hammer 56. againstV -swinging. forward into tiring position.

tive at the time the hammer 56 islocked in cocked position by the safety device, the following arrangement is made: On theunder sideof the pvot 161 are formed rack teeth In order to renderthe trigger 5 8 inopera- Y Y 170 in mesh with the 'teethY 171 o farack bar 172 .extending forwardlyV and mounted' to. r 'slidein a. bearing 173 formed in thelefthand rear portion ofthe main frame 50. The forward end'of the rack bar 172 is providedwith a bevely 174 adaptedtov engage o the'rounded-oif topv of one side ofja U- shaped controlling safety piece 175 mounted to slide up and down on a bearing"l 176 .formed onthe main frame 50 (see Fig. 15), and this controlling safety piece 175 is seateden the top of the forward portion of thev ks ear 57.` `lWhen the safety lever 160 is in lowermost position the rack bar 172 is in rearward retracted positionl `and hence does VVnot affect the working 1 of the kcontrolling vsafetv piece 175 to allow thelatter to function the same as described'in the'Letters Pat'- ent above 'referred to. lVhen thesafety Vlever 160 is swunginto uppermost position the rack bar.172 v is moved forwardly bythe ac- Y tion` of the'meshing rack teeth 170 and 171 and hence the beveled end 174 engages the controlling. safety piece175 and'bearsfthe same downward thus moving the sear 57 downward at its forward end thereby movingtheshoulder7120 out of the path ofthe projection 121 of the trigger 58 ythus render- 'ing the latter inoperative-relative to the sear see Fig. 2) lt will be noticed that should the hammer safetyfajl for any cause whatver? the trigg r safety,"controlled by the'` same safety -lever 160, renders the Vtrigger and hence the firearm inoperative for firing.

In order to hold the breech block 53 locked against sliding' movement at the time the safety lever 160 is in uppermost position, .the following arrangement is made The pivot 161 is provided adjacent the lever 160 with a cut-out portion or notch 180, the bottom of which is' flush lwith the under side of the left-hand side 83 of the breech block 53, and this side 83 is provided with a eut-outportion 181 in register with the pivot 161 and engaged by the latter at the time the safety lever 160 is swung into an uppermost position, as shown in Fig, 11. 1t will be noticed that by the portion of the pivot 161 engaging the cut-out portion or notch 181 the breech block 53 Vis locked against rearward movement. Arrse'cond notch 182 is formed on the left-handside 83 of the'breech block 50 a distance forward of the notch 181,'and this notch is. adapted to be engaged by the pivot 161 at the time the breech block 53 is pushed into rearmost position by hand and the safety lever 160 is swung upward to hold the breech block 53 locked in rearmostposition.

As the hammer 56 is concealed inthe recess 82 theuser cannot see'the position of the hammenr, that is, whether the same is in cocked position or-in forward or firing position. When the safety lever 160 is in lowermost position and cannot be pushed up by the user then the hammer 56 is'in forward or firingy position and not in cocked position. In order to accomplish this result the following arrangement ismade; The rack bar 172 is provided at its inner side `with a lug 190 adapted to register with a segmental groove 191 formed on the left-hand side of the hammer 56,V and this groove terminates at its forward end in an angular groove 192 which extends horizontally at the time the hammer 56 is in'cocked position to allow the lug 19'() tol move from the .inner end of the `groove 191 into and along the groove 192 at the time the rack bar 172 is moved forward on swinging the safety lever 160 from lowermost into uppermost position, as previously explained (see Figs. 8 and 9). When the hammer 56 is in the firing position shown in Fig. A, then the lug`190 abuts against thelback of the heel 106A ofthe hammer 56 and consequently the safety lever 160 cannot be swung upward from the lowermost or off position into A uppermost or on position and hence the user knows that the hammer '56 is in fired position and not Vin cocked position. It is understood that when the safety lever 160 is off and the hammer 56 is cocked, as indicated in Fig. 9, then the lug 190 is at the upper end of the groove 191 and as the latter is a segmental onethe hammer 56 can readily swing forward for firing the gun when- @ver the trigger 58 is pulled. When, .how- Y ever, the hammer 56 is in cocked position and the safety lever 160 is swung upward and the lrack bar 172 is moved forward then the lug 190 moves along into the groove 192 thus forming a lock for the hammer to pre- Vtrigger 58 unless the grip safety is pressed by the palm of the hand having hold of the handle 60. This grip safety is inthe form of alever 200 having a pivot 201 engaging an open bearing 202 formed on the rear end of the main frame 50 (see Fig. 15), and the lever200 is provided lwith a rib 203 engaging a slot 2041 formed in the back strap 59. A spring 205 is mounted on the handle 60 and presses the lever 200 to normally hold the latter in rearmost position, as plainly shown in Figs. 1 and 11. The lever 200 is provided with a forwardly extending arm 206 extending through a notch 207 formed in the tooth or pivot 112 of the sear 57 (see Fig. 21), andthe arm 206 terminates in a downwardly extending hook 208 normally engaging the forward face of the tooth or pivot 112 (see. Fig. 11) to hold the sear 57 Vagainst forward movement on pressing the trigger 58. When the user takes hold l(if the handle 60 the lever v200is pressed forward whereby the hook 208 is lifted out of engagement with the tooth 112 to allow the scar 57 to be moved forward Yon pressing the trigger 58. The position'ofthe grip safety indicates the position of the hammer. When the hammer is down the rounded top portion 111 of the hammer stays the sear 57 so far forward as to prevent the hook 208 from dropping below the bottom of the notch 207 of the sear 57. The result is that the handle portion of the lever 200 is not exposed when` Vbreech block 53 to be successively pushed into the bore ofthe barrel 51 during the return movement of the breech'block. In case the last cartridge has been pushed into the barrel 51 and the magazine l54 is removed for refilling then the Sear 57 is moved automatically into inoperative position to prevent accidental firing of the firearm while the last. cartridge is in position in the barrel. For the purpose mentioned use is made of a flat spring 210 held in a recess 211 formed in v the left-hand side of the main frame 50, and

the free end of this `spring 210 terminates in a head 212 bearing' on the sear 57 and provided at one side with a lug 213 (see Fig.

7 adapted to be engaged by the upper forward edge of the magazine 54 at the time Vinto inoperative `position relative to the --v-`ltrigger, 58.

The sear controlling piece 175 is engaged at the top of its right-hand lug by a slide 265 (see F ig. 22) mounted to slide up and down m a bearing 266 formed inthe barrel Y receiver 52, and the upper endv of this slide 265 is adapted to engage a notch 267 formed in the right-hand side of the breech block 255. When the breech block 53 moves into recoil positionvit imparts a downward-sliding movement to the slide 265 which in turn l moves the sear controlling piece 175 downward thus moving'the sear 57 into inactive position, and when the breech block 53 returns to normal positionthe slide 265 rengages the notch 267. The slide 265 is held against dropping out of position by a retaining pin 268. The slide 265 forms an ei;- tension member of the sear controlling piece 175 to allow ofV conveniently placing the latter in position on thepframe' 50.

I-Iaving thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Lietters Patent 1. In an automatic hand rearm, a hammer, a sear adapted to coact with the said hammer, a trigger adapted to actuate the said sear, and a safetydevice under theV coni trol of the operator and adapted to lock the said hammer in cocked position and to move the sear into inoperative*y position relative to Y the trigger.

2. In an automatic hand rearm, a hammer, a sear adapted to coact with the said hammer, a trigger adaptedl to control the said sear, a safety lever, interlocking means on the said hammer and the said safety leverlthe sear and adapted to lock the said hammer in cocked position, and coacting means connecting the said safety lever with the said sear to move the latter into inactive position relative to the trigger. f

3. In an' automatic hand firearm, aham-` mer, a searf adapted to'coact with the said hammer, a trigger adapted to control the said sear, a safety lever, the said hammer and safety lever having interlocking camsto lock the hammer in cocked position, a

bar adapted to be moved forward or backwardby the said safety lever, and a sear controlling piece adapted to be actuated by the said bar and engaging the said sear to move the latter into inoperative positio relative lto the trigger.

1. In anv automatic hand firearm, a ham- Vmer, a sear adapted to coact with the said hammer, a trigger adapted to control the said sear, asafety lever, the said hammer and safety lever having interlocking cams to lock the hammer in cocked position, the said safety lever having a segmental rack, a rack bar engaged by the lsaid segmental rack, and a sear controlling piece engaging said rack bar. y

5L In an automatic, hand rearm, al main frame, a back strap held on the said frame, a hammer pivoted on the said main frame and provided with a segmental groove ter minating in an angular portion, a safety lever having teeth and pivoted on the back" strap, a rack bar in mesh with the said to be-engaged by the y 'I teeth andprovided witha lug adaptedeto'V engage the said groove, a sear for .the vsaid hammer, and a Sear controlling piece adapt-` Y ed to be actuated by the saidvrack bar.

f6. In anV automatic hand firearm, armain the said frame, a recoil controlled breech block provided with afiring pin, a hammer, a sear, a trigger controlling the sear, and a flat spring held on the said frame and adaptframe, a magazine removably mounted on edato bear on the vsaid sear to hold the latter in inoperative position, the said spring beingprovided withl a lugl adapted to beengaged by the upper end of the said magazine to hold` `the spring out of engagement with the sear at the time the magazine is in position on the frame and to allow the spring to engage the sear and move it into inoperative position on withdrawing the magazine from the main frame. f e

' WALDO E. ROSEBUS'H.

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