US10693015B2 - Thin film transistor, method for manufacturing the same and display device comprising the same - Google Patents

Thin film transistor, method for manufacturing the same and display device comprising the same Download PDF

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US10693015B2
US10693015B2 US16/210,862 US201816210862A US10693015B2 US 10693015 B2 US10693015 B2 US 10693015B2 US 201816210862 A US201816210862 A US 201816210862A US 10693015 B2 US10693015 B2 US 10693015B2
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channel
thickness
connecting portion
channel connecting
oxide semiconductor
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US20190189805A1 (en
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Jaeman JANG
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LG Display Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
    • H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
    • H01L29/78696—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film characterised by the structure of the channel, e.g. multichannel, transverse or longitudinal shape, length or width, doping structure, or the overlap or alignment between the channel and the gate, the source or the drain, or the contacting structure of the channel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/1368—Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
    • H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
    • H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
    • H01L27/1222—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or crystalline structure of the active layer
    • H01L27/1225—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or crystalline structure of the active layer with semiconductor materials not belonging to the group IV of the periodic table, e.g. InGaZnO
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
    • H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
    • H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
    • H01L27/1259—Multistep manufacturing methods
    • H01L27/1288—Multistep manufacturing methods employing particular masking sequences or specially adapted masks, e.g. half-tone mask
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
    • H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
    • H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
    • H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
    • H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
    • H01L29/66568—Lateral single gate silicon transistors
    • H01L29/66659—Lateral single gate silicon transistors with asymmetry in the channel direction, e.g. lateral high-voltage MISFETs with drain offset region, extended drain MISFETs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
    • H01L29/66969—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies not comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
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    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
    • H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
    • H01L29/78606—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with supplementary region or layer in the thin film or in the insulated bulk substrate supporting it for controlling or increasing the safety of the device
    • H01L29/78618—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with supplementary region or layer in the thin film or in the insulated bulk substrate supporting it for controlling or increasing the safety of the device characterised by the drain or the source properties, e.g. the doping structure, the composition, the sectional shape or the contact structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
    • H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
    • H01L29/78606—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with supplementary region or layer in the thin film or in the insulated bulk substrate supporting it for controlling or increasing the safety of the device
    • H01L29/78618—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with supplementary region or layer in the thin film or in the insulated bulk substrate supporting it for controlling or increasing the safety of the device characterised by the drain or the source properties, e.g. the doping structure, the composition, the sectional shape or the contact structure
    • H01L29/78621—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with supplementary region or layer in the thin film or in the insulated bulk substrate supporting it for controlling or increasing the safety of the device characterised by the drain or the source properties, e.g. the doping structure, the composition, the sectional shape or the contact structure with LDD structure or an extension or an offset region or characterised by the doping profile
    • H01L29/78624—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with supplementary region or layer in the thin film or in the insulated bulk substrate supporting it for controlling or increasing the safety of the device characterised by the drain or the source properties, e.g. the doping structure, the composition, the sectional shape or the contact structure with LDD structure or an extension or an offset region or characterised by the doping profile the source and the drain regions being asymmetrical
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
    • H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
    • H01L29/78606—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with supplementary region or layer in the thin film or in the insulated bulk substrate supporting it for controlling or increasing the safety of the device
    • H01L29/78633—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with supplementary region or layer in the thin film or in the insulated bulk substrate supporting it for controlling or increasing the safety of the device with a light shield
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
    • H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
    • H01L29/7869—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film having a semiconductor body comprising an oxide semiconductor material, e.g. zinc oxide, copper aluminium oxide, cadmium stannate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
    • H10K59/1213—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements the pixel elements being TFTs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/1368—Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device
    • G02F1/13685—Top gates
    • G02F2001/13685—
    • H01L27/3262—

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a thin film transistor, a method for manufacturing the same and a display device comprising the same.
  • a transistor has been widely used in the field of electronic devices as a switching device or a driving device. Particularly, since a thin film transistor can be manufactured on a glass substrate or a plastic substrate, it has been widely used as a switching device of a display device such as a liquid crystal display device or an organic light emitting device.
  • a thin film transistor may be categorized into an amorphous silicon thin film transistor in which an amorphous silicon is used as an active layer, a polycrystalline silicon thin film transistor in which a polycrystalline silicon is used as an active layer, and an oxide semiconductor thin film transistor in which an oxide semiconductor is used as an active layer.
  • oxide semiconductor thin film transistor oxide semiconductor TFT
  • an oxide constituting the active layer may be deposited at a relatively low temperature, the mobility of the oxide semiconductor thin film transistor is high, and a change in the resistance of the oxide is great depending on the content of oxygen contained in an oxide semiconductor layer, whereby desired physical properties of the oxide semiconductor thin film transistor can easily be obtained.
  • the oxide semiconductor layer is transparent due to the properties of the oxide, the oxide semiconductor thin film transistor is advantageous in the realization of a transparent display.
  • the oxide semiconductor thin film transistor can be used as a switching device or driving device of the display device.
  • electric field accumulation occurs near a drain electrode connecting portion of the oxide semiconductor layer. Abnormal behaviors such as asymmetric degradation and mobility increase of the oxide semiconductor layer occur due to such electric field accumulation, whereby reliability of the thin film transistor is deteriorated.
  • the present disclosure has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present disclosure to provide a thin film transistor that may prevent partial degradation of an oxide semiconductor layer from occurring by attenuating an accumulation of an electric field occurring in the oxide semiconductor layer when a thin film transistor is driven.
  • a thin film transistor comprising an oxide semiconductor layer on a substrate, the oxide semiconductor layer including a channel portion, a first channel connecting portion connected to a first end of the channel portion, and a second channel connecting portion connected to a second end of the channel portion that is opposite the first end of the channel portion.
  • a gate insulating film is on the channel portion of the oxide semiconductor layer, and a gate electrode is on the gate insulating film.
  • a source electrode is connected with the first channel connecting portion.
  • a drain electrode is spaced apart from the source electrode, the drain electrode connected with the second channel connecting portion, wherein a thickness of the second channel connecting portion is different from a thickness of the first channel connecting portion, and the second end of the channel portion has a same thickness as the thickness of the second channel connecting portion.
  • the thickness of the second channel connecting portion is 1.3 times to 1.7 times a thickness of the first end of the channel portion.
  • At least a part of the second end of the channel portion has the same thickness as the thickness of the second channel connecting portion.
  • a length of the portion of the second end of the channel portion having the same thickness as the thickness of the second channel connecting portion is 5% to 20% of an entire length of the channel portion.
  • the first end of the channel portion has a same thickness as the thickness of the first channel connecting portion.
  • the thickness of the first channel connecting portion is smaller than the thickness of the second channel connecting portion.
  • a part of the channel portion between the first end of the channel portion and the second end of the channel portion has a thickness that is larger than the thickness of the first channel connecting portion and smaller than the thickness of the second channel connecting portion.
  • the thickness of the first channel connecting portion is 0.3 times to 0.9 times the thickness of the part of the channel portion between the first end of the channel portion and the second end of the channel portion.
  • a length of the first end of the channel portion having the same thickness as the first channel connecting portion is 5% to 15% of an entire length of the channel portion.
  • a method for manufacturing a thin film transistor comprising forming an oxide semiconductor layer on a substrate, the oxide semiconductor layer formed to include a channel portion, a first channel connecting portion connected to a first end of the channel portion, and a second channel connecting portion connected to a second end of the channel portion that is opposite the first end of the channel portion.
  • a gate insulating film on the channel portion of the oxide semiconductor layer is formed.
  • a gate electrode is formed on the gate insulating film.
  • a source electrode is formed, the source electrode connected with the first channel connecting portion.
  • a drain electrode spaced apart from the source electrode is formed, the drain electrode connected with the second channel connecting portion, wherein a thickness of the second channel connecting portion is formed to be different from a thickness of the first channel connecting portion, and the second end of the channel portion is formed to have a same thickness as the thickness of the second channel connecting portion.
  • a display device comprising a substrate, a display panel including a plurality of pixels, each pixel including a thin film transistor disposed on the substrate.
  • At least one thin film transistor comprises an oxide semiconductor layer on the substrate, the oxide semiconductor layer including a channel portion, a first channel connecting portion connected to a first end of the channel portion, and a second channel connecting portion connected to a second end of the channel portion that is opposite the first end of the channel portion.
  • a gate insulating film is on the channel portion of the oxide semiconductor layer.
  • a gate electrode is on the gate insulating film.
  • a source electrode is connected with the first channel connecting portion.
  • a drain electrode is spaced apart from the source electrode and connected with the second channel connecting portion, wherein a thickness of the second channel connecting portion is different from a thickness of the first channel connecting portion, and the second end of the channel portion has a same thickness as the thickness of the second channel connecting portion.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a thin film transistor according to one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating conductorization permeation lengths of an oxide semiconductor layer according to one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating a carrier concentration in an oxide semiconductor layer according to one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a thin film transistor according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a thin film transistor according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a thin film transistor according to further still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 7A to 7H are manufacturing process views illustrating processes of manufacturing a thin film transistor according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display device according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display device according to further still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a thin film transistor according to comparison 1;
  • FIG. 11 is a graph illustrating ⁇ L according to a thickness of an oxide semiconductor layer according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating electric field distribution according to a position of an oxide semiconductor layer according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the element In construing an element, the element is construed as including an error region although there is no explicit description thereof.
  • spatially relative terms “below”, “beneath”, “lower”, “above”, and “upper” may be used to easily describe a relationship between one device or elements and another device or elements as shown.
  • the spatially relative terms should be understood as terms including different directions of a device during use or operation in addition to a direction shown in the drawings. For example, if the device shown in the drawing is reversed, a device disposed “below” or “beneath” may be arranged “above” another device. Therefore, the term “below” may include directions related to “below” and “above”.
  • temporal order for example, when the temporal order is described as “after,” “subsequent,” “next,” and “before,” a case which is not continuous may be included, unless “just” or “direct” is used.
  • the term “at least one” includes all combinations related with any one item.
  • “at least one among a first element, a second element and a third element” may include all combinations of two or more elements selected from the first, second and third elements as well as each element of the first, second and third elements.
  • inventions of the present disclosure may be partially or overall coupled to or combined with each other, and may be variously inter-operated with each other and driven technically as those skilled in the art can sufficiently understand.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure may be carried out independently from each other, or may be carried out together in a co-dependent relationship.
  • the term “conductorize” means “make a part of a layer (i.e. semiconductor layer) conductive
  • conductorization means “making a part of a layer (i.e. semiconductor layer) conductive.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a thin film transistor 100 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the thin film transistor 100 includes an oxide semiconductor layer 130 on a substrate 110 , a gate insulating film 120 on the oxide semiconductor layer 130 , a gate electrode 140 on the gate insulating film 120 , a source electrode 150 connected with the oxide semiconductor layer 130 , and a drain electrode 160 spaced apart from the source electrode 150 and connected with the oxide semiconductor layer 130 .
  • an inter-layer insulation film 170 is disposed on the gate electrode 140 , and the source electrode 150 and the drain electrode 160 are disposed on the inter-layer insulation film 170 .
  • Glass or plastic may be used as the substrate 110 .
  • a transparent plastic which has a flexible property, for example, polyimide may be used as the plastic.
  • a buffer layer may be disposed on the substrate 110 .
  • the buffer layer may include at least one of a silicon oxide and a silicon nitride.
  • the buffer layer protects the oxide semiconductor layer 130 , and may planarize an upper portion of the substrate 110 .
  • the oxide semiconductor layer 130 is disposed on the substrate 110 .
  • the oxide semiconductor layer 130 includes an oxide semiconductor material.
  • the oxide semiconductor layer 130 may include at least one of IZO (InZnO)-, IGO(InGaO)-, ITO (InSnO)-, IGZO(InGaZnO)-, IGZTO (InGaZnSnO), GZTO (GaZnSnO)-, GZO (GaZnO)-, and ITZO (InSnZnO)-based oxide semiconductor materials.
  • IZO InZnO
  • IGO InGaO
  • ITO InSnO
  • IGZO(InGaZnO)- IGZTO
  • GZTO GaZnSnO
  • GaZnO GZnO
  • ITZO ITZO
  • the gate insulating film 120 is disposed on the oxide semiconductor layer 130 .
  • the gate insulating film 120 may include at least one of a silicone oxide and a silicon nitride, or may include a metal oxide or a metal nitride.
  • the gate insulating film 120 may have a single layer structure or a multi-layer structure.
  • the gate insulating film 120 is partially overlapped with the oxide semiconductor layer 130 .
  • the gate electrode 140 is disposed on the gate insulating film 120 .
  • the gate electrode 140 is insulated from the oxide semiconductor layer 130 and overlapped with at least a part of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 .
  • the gate electrode 140 may include at least one of aluminum based metal such as aluminum (Al) or an aluminum alloy, silver based metal such as silver (Ag) or a silver alloy, copper (Cu) based metal such as Cu or a Cu alloy, molybdenum (Mo) based metal such as Mo or an Mo alloy, chrome (Cr), tantalum (Ta), neodymium (Nd), and titanium (Ti).
  • the gate electrode 140 may have a structure of a multi-layered film including at least two conductive films having their respective physical properties different from each other.
  • the inter-layer insulation film 170 is disposed on the gate electrode 140 .
  • the inter-layer insulation film 170 is made of an insulating material.
  • the inter-layer insulation film 170 may be made of an organic material, an inorganic material, or a laminate of an organic layer and an inorganic layer.
  • the source electrode 150 and the drain electrode 160 are disposed on the inter-layer insulation film 170 .
  • Each of the source electrode 150 and the drain electrode 160 is connected with the oxide semiconductor layer 130 while they are spaced apart from each other.
  • Each of the source electrode 150 and the drain electrode 160 is connected with the oxide semiconductor layer 130 though a contact hole formed in the inter-layer insulation film 170 .
  • the source electrode 150 and the drain electrode 160 may include at least one of Mo, Al, Cr, Au, Ti, Ni, Nd, Cu and their alloy.
  • Each of the source electrode 150 and the drain electrode 160 may be formed of a single layer made of a metal or a metal alloy, or may be formed of a multi-layer with two or more of layers.
  • oxide semiconductor layer 130 will be described in more detail.
  • the oxide semiconductor layer 130 includes a channel portion 131 overlapped with the gate insulating film 120 , a first channel connecting portion 132 disposed at one side of the channel portion 131 and a second channel connecting portion 133 disposed at the other side of the channel portion 131 . That is, the first channel connecting portion 132 is connected to a first end 131 A of the channel portion 131 and the second channel connecting portion 133 is connected to a second end 131 B of the channel portion 131 that is opposite the first end 131 A of the channel portion 131 .
  • the first end 131 A of the channel portion 131 is the left end of the channel portion 131 and the second end 131 B of the channel portion 131 is the right end of the channel portion 131 .
  • a channel of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 is formed in the channel portion 131 .
  • the channel portion 131 is overlapped with the gate electrode 140 .
  • the first channel connecting portion 132 and the second channel connecting portion 133 are portions of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 that are not overlapped with the gate insulating film 120 .
  • the first channel connecting portion 132 and the second channel connecting portion 133 may be formed by selective conductorization of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 .
  • plasma treatment or hydrogen treatment may be performed for the first channel connecting portion 132 and the second channel connecting portion 133 .
  • one embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this case, and the first channel connecting portion 132 and the second channel connecting portion 133 may be conductorized by another method known in the art.
  • the first channel connecting portion 132 is connected with the source electrode 150
  • the second channel connecting portion 133 is connected with the drain electrode 160 .
  • the oxide semiconductor layer 130 may be electrically in contact with each of the source electrode 150 and the drain electrode 160 through the first channel connecting portion 132 and the second channel connecting portion 133 .
  • the first channel connecting portion 132 and the second channel connecting portion 133 are referred to as the channel connecting portions 132 and 133 .
  • the first channel connecting portion 132 connected with the source electrode 150 is referred to as a “source connecting portion”
  • the second channel connecting portion 133 connected with the drain electrode 160 is referred to as a “drain connecting portion”.
  • the oxide semiconductor layer 130 has a first thickness t 1 and a second thickness t 2 .
  • the second thickness t 2 is greater than the first thickness t 1 (t 2 >t 1 ).
  • the first end 131 A of the channel portion 131 is in contact with the first channel connecting portion 132 and has a first thickness t 1 .
  • the second end 131 B of the channel portion 131 opposite the first end 131 A is in contact with the second channel connecting portion 133 and has a second thickness t 2 .
  • a first length of the channel portion 131 that extends from a boundary between the first end 131 A and the first channel connecting portion 132 to the start of the second end 131 B has the first thickness t 1 .
  • a second length of the channel portion 131 has the second thickness t 2 .
  • the second length extends from a boundary between the second end 131 B and the second channel connecting portion 133 to the portion of the channel portion 131 with the first thickness t 1 .
  • the first length of the channel portion 131 and the second length of the channel portion 131 are directly adjacent to each other, and the channel portion 131 has a step difference of a thickness at the boundary between the first length and the second length.
  • the second channel connecting portion 133 has the second thickness t 2 .
  • a voltage applied to the second channel connecting portion 133 connected with the drain electrode 160 is higher than that applied to the first channel connecting portion 132 connected with the source electrode 150 .
  • a gate voltage VG is applied to the gate electrode 140
  • an electric field is accumulated on the second channel connecting portion 133 to which a relatively high voltage is applied.
  • the electric field is accumulated on a boundary portion between the channel portion 131 having a relatively low carrier concentration and the second channel connecting portion 133 having a relatively high carrier concentration, to which a high voltage is applied. Physical or electric degradation may occur in the boundary portion between the channel portion 131 and the second channel connecting portion 133 , on which the electric field is accumulated.
  • the boundary between the channel portion 131 and the second channel connecting portion 133 has a thickness (for example, t 2 ) greater than that of the other area of the channel portion 131 , whereby electric field accumulation may be attenuated.
  • the channel of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 is formed in the channel portion 131 but an entire area of the channel portion 131 does not serve as a channel. Since some areas of the channel portion 131 adjacent to the channel connecting portions 132 and 133 are conductorized during a conductorization process of the channel connecting portions 132 and 133 , a length of the channel is shorter than a length L 1 of the channel portion 131 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating conductorization permeation lengths ⁇ L S and ⁇ L D of an oxide semiconductor layer according to one embodiment of the disclosure.
  • a length of the channel portion 131 of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 is denoted by “L ideal ”
  • a length of the first channel connecting portion 132 and a length of the second channel connecting portion 133 are denoted by “L S ” and “L D ”, respectively.
  • Some areas of the channel portion 131 are conductorized during a conductorization process of the channel connecting portions 132 and 133 , and the conductorized area does not serve as a channel.
  • lengths of the conductorized areas of the channel portion 131 are referred to as conductorization permeation lengths “ ⁇ L S ” and “ ⁇ L D ”, respectively.
  • a length of a portion of the channel portion 131 which may effectively serve as a channel, is referred to as an effective channel length L eff . The greater the conductorization permeation lengths ⁇ L S and ⁇ L D are, the shorter the effective channel length L eff is.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating a carrier concentration in an oxide semiconductor layer according to one embodiment of the disclosure.
  • a horizontal axis of FIG. 3 corresponds to a length measured from a left end L S of the oxide semiconductor layer shown in FIG. 2 .
  • plasma treatment or hydrogen treatment for conductorizing the channel connecting portions 132 and 133 is performed on a surface of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 , and if the oxide semiconductor layer 130 becomes thicker, a diffusion range of a conductorizing component such as hydrogen is widened, whereby the conductorization permeation lengths ⁇ L S and ⁇ L D are increased (see experimental example 1 and FIG. 11 ). Therefore, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the conductorization permeation length ⁇ L D at the second channel connecting portion 133 is longer than the conductorization permeation length ⁇ L S at the first channel connecting portion 132 .
  • a carrier concentration gradient occurs between an effective channel area and the channel connecting portions 132 and 133 due to a difference in carrier concentration.
  • a gradient of a carrier concentration occurs in the conductorized areas ( ⁇ L S area and ⁇ L D area) of the channel portion 131 .
  • the conductorization permeation lengths ⁇ L S and ⁇ L D are increased, as shown in FIG. 3 , a change in a carrier concentration per unit length is reduced, and a slow concentration gradient occurs.
  • the conductorization permeation length ⁇ L D at the side of the second channel connecting portion 133 is long, electric field accumulation is attenuated as a change in a carrier concentration in the area corresponding to ⁇ L D is reduced.
  • the thickness of the second channel connecting portion 133 is selectively increased, whereby electric field accumulation is attenuated and reduction of the effective channel length L eff is minimized.
  • the second thickness t 2 is 1.3 times to 1.7 times of the first thickness t 1 (1.3 ⁇ t 2 /t 1 ⁇ 1.7). If the second thickness t 2 is less than 1.3 times of the first thickness t 1 , the conductorization permeation length ⁇ L D at the second channel connecting portion 133 is not increased sufficiently, whereby electric field accumulation is not attenuated sufficiently. On the contrary, if the second thickness t 2 exceeds 1.7 times of the first thickness t 1 , the gate insulating film 120 may fail to sufficiently insulate the gate electrode 140 from the oxide semiconductor layer 130 due to a big difference in thickness in the oxide semiconductor layer 130 . The effective channel length L eff is reduced due to excessive increase of the conductorization permeation length ⁇ L D at the second channel connecting portion 133 , whereby characteristic of a threshold voltage Vth of the thin film transistor may be deteriorated.
  • the first thickness t 1 of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 may be adjusted in the range of 10 nm to 40 nm, and its second thickness t 2 may be adjusted in the range of 13 nm to 68 nm.
  • the second thickness t 2 of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 may be varied depending on a size and usage of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 .
  • the conductorization permeation length ⁇ L D at the second channel connecting portion 133 may be increased, whereby the effective channel length L eff may be reduced.
  • the length L 2 of the area having the second thickness t 2 in the channel portion 131 is less than 5% of the entire length L 1 of the channel portion 131 , the conductorization permeation length ⁇ L D at the second channel connecting portion 133 is little increased, whereby an attenuation effect of electric field accumulation may not be sufficient. Therefore, the length L 2 of the area having the second thickness t 2 in the channel portion 131 may be adjusted in the range of 5% to 20% of the entire length L 1 of the channel portion 131 .
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a thin film transistor 200 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • description of the elements that have been already described above will be omitted to avoid repetition of description.
  • an inclination is formed between an area having a second thickness t 2 and an area having a first thickness t 1 in the channel portion 131 .
  • An inclined angle ⁇ may be, but not limited to, 45° or more.
  • the inclination between the area having the second thickness t 2 and the area having the first thickness t 1 may be formed during a process of manufacturing the channel portion 131 .
  • the length L 1 of the channel portion 131 is ⁇ m to several tens of ⁇ m, whereas the first thickness t 1 and the second thickness t 2 are very thin in the range of several tens of nm. Therefore, there is no big difference in an attenuation effect of electric field accumulation in accordance with the inclined angle ⁇ .
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a thin film transistor 300 according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the thin film transistor 300 of FIG. 5 further includes a light-shielding layer 180 on a substrate 110 and a buffer layer 121 on the light-shielding layer 180 as compared with the thin film transistor 200 in FIG. 4 .
  • the light-shielding layer 180 is overlapped with the oxide semiconductor layer 130 .
  • the light-shielding layer 180 shields incident light, which externally enters the oxide semiconductor layer 130 , to prevent the oxide semiconductor layer 130 from being damaged due to external incident light.
  • the light-shielding layer 180 may be made of an electric conductive material such as a metal.
  • the buffer layer 121 is disposed on the light-shielding layer 180 .
  • the buffer layer 121 may include at least one of a silicon oxide and a silicon nitride.
  • the buffer layer 121 may be formed of a single film, or may be formed of a deposited structure in which two or more films are deposited.
  • the buffer layer 121 has excellent insulation property and planarization property, and may protect the oxide semiconductor layer 130 .
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a thin film transistor 400 according to further still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the oxide semiconductor layer 130 has a first thickness t 1 , a second thickness t 2 and a third thickness t 3 and two thickness step differences as compared with the thin film transistor 100 of FIG. 1 .
  • the oxide semiconductor layer 130 shown in FIG. 6 has the third thickness t 3 smaller than the first thickness t 1 .
  • the first channel connecting portion 132 has the third thickness t 3 , and at least a part of the channel portion 131 has also the third thickness t 3 .
  • the area having the third thickness t 3 in the channel portion is connected with the first channel connecting portion 132 .
  • the conductorization permeation length ⁇ L S at the first channel connecting portion 132 is reduced, whereby the effective channel length L eff may be increased. Also, if the conductorization permeation length ⁇ L S at the first channel connecting portion 132 is reduced, since a deviation of the conductorization permeation length ⁇ L S at the first channel connecting portion 132 is also reduced in mass production of the thin film transistor 400 using a large sized mother glass, a deviation of a threshold voltage Vth of the thin film transistor 400 may be reduced. Therefore, uniformity of the threshold voltage Vth of the thin film transistor 400 may be improved.
  • the third thickness t 3 is less than 0.3 times of the first thickness t 1 , efficiency of charge supply through the first channel connecting portion 132 may be deteriorated. On the other hand, if the third thickness t 3 exceeds 0.9 times of the first thickness t 1 , an effect of thickness reduction is little generated. Therefore, the third thickness t 3 may be adjusted in the range of 0.3 times to 0.9 times of the first thickness t 1 (0.3 ⁇ t 3 /t 1 ⁇ 0.9).
  • the length L 3 of the area having the third thickness t 3 in the channel portion 131 is less than 5% of the entire length L 1 of the channel portion 131 , the conductorization permeation length ⁇ L S at the first channel connecting portion 132 is not reduced greatly, an effect of thickness reduction may little occur.
  • the length L 3 of the area having the third thickness t 3 in the channel portion 131 exceeds 15% of the entire length L 1 of the channel portion 131 , current characteristic of the thin film transistor 400 may be deteriorated due to thickness reduction of the channel portion 131 . Therefore, the length L 3 of the area having the third thickness t 3 in the channel portion 131 may be adjusted in the range of 5% to 15% of the entire length L 1 of the channel portion 131 .
  • FIGS. 7A to 7H are manufacturing process views illustrating processes of manufacturing a thin film transistor according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light-shielding layer 180 is formed on a substrate 110 .
  • a glass may be used as the substrate 110 , and a plastic that can be bent or curved may be used as well.
  • An example of a plastic that is used as the substrate 110 includes a polyimide.
  • a polyimide is used as the substrate 110
  • a heat resistant polyimide that can tolerate at a high temperature may be used considering a high heat process is performed on the substrate 110 .
  • processes of deposition, etching, etc. may be performed in a state that the plastic substrate is disposed on a carrier substrate made of a high durable material such as a glass.
  • the light-shielding layer 180 may be made of a material that reflects or absorbs light, for example, electric conductive material such as a metal.
  • the buffer layer 121 is formed on the substrate 110 including the light-shielding layer 180 .
  • the buffer layer 121 may be formed of a silicon oxide or a silicon nitride.
  • the buffer layer 121 may have a single layered structure or a multi-layered structure.
  • an oxide semiconductor material layer 130 a is formed on the buffer layer 121 .
  • the oxide semiconductor material layer 130 a is made of an oxide semiconductor material.
  • the oxide semiconductor material layer 130 a may include at least one of IZO (InZnO)-, IGO(InGaO)-, ITO (InSnO)-, IGZO(InGaZnO)-, IGZTO (InGaZnSnO), GZTO (GaZnSnO)-, GZO (GaZnO)-, and ITZO (InSnZnO)-based oxide semiconductor materials.
  • the oxide semiconductor material layer 130 a may be formed by a deposition or a sputtering.
  • a photoresist layer 175 is formed on the oxide semiconductor material layer 130 a .
  • the photoresist layer 175 may be made of a negative photoresist, for example.
  • the half tone mask 210 includes a light-shielding portion 211 , a semi-transmissive portion 212 , and a transmissive portion 213 .
  • light L is irradiated through the half tone mask 210 , selective exposure is performed. Ultraviolet rays may be irradiated for exposure.
  • the step of forming the oxide semiconductor layer 130 includes a selective exposure step using the half tone mask 210 .
  • a photoresist pattern 176 is formed by selective exposure and development using the half tone mask 210 . Etching is performed using the photoresist pattern 176 as a mask. Dry etching (D/E) may be used as a method of etching.
  • the oxide semiconductor layer 130 is formed as a result of dry etching (D/E).
  • the oxide semiconductor layer 130 formed by selective exposure and etching may have a first thickness t 1 and a second thickness t 2 as shown in FIG. 7E .
  • a gate insulating film 120 and a gate electrode 140 are formed on the oxide semiconductor layer 130 .
  • the gate insulating film 120 and the gate electrode 140 cover a part of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 .
  • the gate insulating film 120 and the gate electrode 140 may have a height step difference corresponding to that of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 .
  • a first channel connecting portion 132 and a second channel connecting portion 133 are formed.
  • an inter-layer insulation film 170 is formed on the gate electrode 140 .
  • the inter-layer insulation film 170 may be formed of an organic material, an inorganic material, or a deposited layer of an organic layer and an inorganic layer.
  • a source electrode 150 and a drain electrode 160 are formed on the inter-layer insulation film 170 .
  • Each of the source electrode 150 and the drain electrode 160 is connected with the oxide semiconductor layer 130 while they are spaced apart from each other.
  • each of the source electrode 150 and the drain electrode 160 is formed, whereby each of the source electrode 150 and the drain electrode 160 may be connected with the oxide semiconductor layer 130 .
  • the source electrode 150 is connected with the oxide semiconductor layer 130 at the first channel connecting portion 132 and the drain electrode 160 is connected with the oxide semiconductor layer 130 at the second channel connecting portion 133 .
  • the thin film transistor 300 is made as shown in FIG. 7H .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display device 500 according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device 500 includes a substrate 110 , a thin film transistor 300 , and an organic light emitting diode 270 connected with the thin film transistor 300 .
  • the display device 500 including the thin film transistor 300 of FIG. 5 is shown in FIG. 8 .
  • still another embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this case, and the thin film transistors 100 , 200 and 400 shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 6 may be applied to the display device 500 of FIG. 8 .
  • the display device 500 includes a substrate 110 , the thin film transistor 300 disposed on the substrate 110 , and a first electrode 271 connected with the thin film transistor 300 . Also, the display device 500 includes an organic layer 272 disposed on the first electrode 271 and a second electrode 273 disposed on the organic layer 272 .
  • the substrate 110 may be made of a glass or a plastic.
  • a buffer layer 121 is disposed on the substrate 110 .
  • a light-shielding layer 180 is disposed between the substrate 110 and the buffer layer 121 .
  • the thin film transistor 300 is disposed on the buffer layer 121 . Since the thin film transistor 300 has already been described, its detailed description will be omitted.
  • a planarization film 190 is disposed on the thin film transistor 300 to planarize an upper portion of the substrate 110 .
  • the planarization film 190 may be made of, but not limited to, an organic insulating material such as acrylic resin with photosensitivity.
  • the first electrode 271 is disposed on the planarization film 190 .
  • the first electrode 271 is connected with the drain electrode 160 of the thin film transistor 200 through a contact hole CH 4 provided in the planarization film 190 .
  • a bank layer 250 is disposed on the first electrode 271 and the planarization film 190 and thus defines a pixel area or a light emitting area.
  • the bank layer 250 may be disposed in a boundary area between a plurality of pixels in a matrix arrangement, whereby the pixel area may be defined.
  • the organic layer 272 is disposed on the first electrode 271 .
  • the organic layer 272 may be disposed even on the bank layer 250 . That is, the organic layer 272 may be connected between adjacent pixels without being separated per pixel.
  • the organic layer 272 includes an organic light emitting layer.
  • the organic layer 272 may include a single organic light emitting layer, or may include two organic light emitting layers deposited up and down or more than two organic light emitting layers. Light with one of red, green, or blue colors may be emitted from the organic layer 272 , and white light may be emitted therefrom.
  • the second electrode 273 is disposed on the organic layer 272 .
  • the organic light emitting diode 270 is made by depositing the first electrode 271 , the organic layer 272 , and the second electrode 273 .
  • the organic light emitting diode 270 may serve as a light-amount control layer in the display device 500 .
  • an individual pixel may include a color filter for filtering the white light emitted from the organic layer 272 per wavelength.
  • the color filter is disposed on a moving path of light. In case of a bottom emission method in which light emitted from the organic layer 272 moves to the substrate 110 at the lower portion, the color filer is disposed below the organic layer 272 , and in case of a top emission method in which light emitted from the organic layer 272 moves to the second electrode 273 at the upper portion, the color filer is disposed above the organic layer 272 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display device 600 according to further still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device 600 includes a substrate 110 , a thin film transistor 300 disposed on the substrate 110 , a first electrode 381 connected with the thin film transistor 300 . Also, the display device 600 includes a liquid crystal layer 382 on the first electrode 381 and a second electrode 383 on the liquid crystal layer 382 .
  • the liquid crystal layer 382 serves as a light-amount control layer.
  • the display device 600 shown in FIG. 9 is a liquid crystal display device including the liquid crystal layer 382 .
  • the display device 600 in FIG. 9 includes the substrate 110 , the thin film transistor 300 , a planarization film 190 , the first electrode 381 , the liquid crystal layer 382 , the second electrode 383 , a barrier layer 320 , color filters 341 and 342 , a light-shielding portion 350 , and a facing substrate 310 .
  • the substrate 110 may be made of a glass or a plastic.
  • a buffer layer 121 is disposed on the substrate 110 .
  • a light-shielding layer 180 is disposed between the substrate 110 and the buffer layer 121 .
  • the thin film transistor 300 is disposed on the buffer layer 121 on the substrate 110 . A detailed description of the thin film transistor 300 will be omitted.
  • a planarization film 190 is disposed on the thin film transistor 300 to planarize an upper portion of the substrate 110 .
  • the first electrode 381 is disposed on the planarization film 190 .
  • the first electrode 381 is connected with the drain electrode 160 of the thin film transistor 300 through a contact hole CH 5 provided in the planarization film 190 .
  • the facing substrate 310 is disposed to face the substrate 110 .
  • the light-shielding portion 350 is disposed on the facing substrate 310 .
  • the light-shielding portion 350 has a plurality of openings.
  • the plurality of openings are disposed to correspond to the first electrode 381 which is a pixel electrode.
  • the light-shielding portion 350 shields light on areas except the openings.
  • the light-shielding portion 350 is not necessarily required, and may be omitted.
  • the color filters 341 and 342 are disposed on the facing substrate 310 and selectively shield a wavelength of incident light from a backlight unit (not shown).
  • the color filters 341 and 342 may be disposed on a plurality of openings defined by the light-shielding portion 350 .
  • Each of the color filters 341 and 342 may express any one of red, green, and blue colors.
  • Each of the color filters 341 and 342 may express a color other than red, green and blue colors.
  • a barrier layer 320 may be disposed on the color filters 341 and 342 and the light-shielding portion 350 .
  • the barrier layer 320 may be omitted.
  • the second electrode 383 is disposed on the barrier layer 320 .
  • the second electrode 383 may be located on the entire surface of the facing substrate 310 .
  • the second electrode 383 may be made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO.
  • the first electrode 381 and the second electrode 383 are disposed to face each other, and the liquid crystal layer 382 is disposed between the first electrode 381 and the second electrode 383 .
  • the second electrode 383 applies an electric field to the liquid crystal layer 382 together with the first electrode 381 .
  • a polarizing plate may be disposed on each of the lower surface of the substrate 110 and the lower surface of the facing substrate 310 .
  • a thin film transistor of comparison example 1 was manufactured in the form shown in FIG. 10 .
  • an oxide semiconductor layer 130 with 15 nm in thickness and 12 ⁇ m in length was formed on the substrate 110 made of a glass.
  • the oxide semiconductor layer 130 includes In, Ga and Zn at a ratio of 1:1:1 based on the number of atoms.
  • a gate insulating film 120 made of a silicon nitride and a gate electrode 140 made of an alloy of Mo/Ti, having 100 nm in thickness was formed on the oxide semiconductor layer 130 , and inter-layer insulation film 170 made of a silicon oxide was formed on the gate insulating film 120 and the gate electrode 140 .
  • a source electrode 150 and a drain electrode 160 which are made of an alloy of Mo/Ti, have 100 nm in thickness, were formed, whereby the thin film transistor of the comparison example 1 was manufactured.
  • a length of a first channel connecting portion 132 connected with the source electrode 150 , a length of a second channel connecting portion 133 connected with the drain electrode 160 and a length L 1 of a channel portion 131 were set to 3 ⁇ m, 3 ⁇ m, and 6 ⁇ m, respectively.
  • the comparison examples 2 and 3 are the same as the comparison example 1 except that the oxide semiconductor layer 130 of the thin film transistor of the comparison example 2 was manufactured with a thickness of 30 nm, and the oxide semiconductor layer 130 of the thin film transistor of the comparison example 3 was manufactured with a thickness of 50 nm.
  • the conductorization permeation lengths ⁇ S and ⁇ L D were measured by a Transmission Line Measurement (TLM) method known in the art. The measured result is shown in FIG. 11 .
  • FIG. 11 is a graph illustrating ⁇ L according to a thickness of an oxide semiconductor layer 130 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • C 1 , C 2 and C 3 are ⁇ L measured for the thin film transistors of the comparison examples 1, 2 and 3.
  • ⁇ L is increased. Therefore, if the thickness of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 is increased to solve electric field accumulation in the oxide semiconductor layer 130 , it is noted that ⁇ L is increased and thus an effective channel length L eff is reduced.
  • the thin film transistor was manufactured in the same manner as the comparison example 1, wherein a thickness step difference of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 was formed.
  • the thin film transistor having the oxide semiconductor layer 130 of a shape disclosed in FIG. 1 was manufactured. This case is referred to as the embodiment 1.
  • a first thickness t 1 was set to 15 nm
  • the second thickness t 2 was set to 22 nm
  • a length L 1 of the channel portion 131 was set to 6 ⁇ m
  • L 2 was set to 1 ⁇ m.
  • a length of the first channel connecting portion 132 connected with the source electrode 150 was set to 3 ⁇ m
  • a length of the second channel connecting portion 133 connected with the drain electrode 160 was set to 3 ⁇ m.
  • An electric field per area of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 was measured for a thin film transistor model having a shape of the comparison example 1 and a thin film transistor model having a shape of the embodiment 1 by a simulation method based on a Silvaco Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD). The measured result is shown in FIG. 12 .
  • TCAD Silvaco Technology Computer Aided Design
  • FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating electric field distribution according to a position of an oxide semiconductor layer 130 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • “A” represents an electric field distribution of the thin film transistor according to the comparison example 1
  • “B” represents an electric field distribution of the thin film transistor according to the embodiment 1.
  • An x-axis of FIG. 12 represents a distance according to a direction from one end (corresponding to a left end of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 shown in FIG. 1 , distance of 0 ⁇ m) of the first channel connecting portion 132 to one end (corresponding to a right end of the oxide semiconductor layer 130 shown in FIG. 1 , distance of 12 ⁇ m).
  • the thin film transistor that includes an oxide semiconductor layer 130 having a thickness step difference in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, it is noted that electric field accumulation in the oxide semiconductor layer is attenuated. As a result, in the thin film transistor according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, degradation caused by electric field accumulation may be avoided or reduced.
  • the oxide semiconductor layer has a thickness step difference
  • partial electric field accumulation in the oxide semiconductor layer is attenuated or avoided when the thin film transistor is driven.
  • partial damage and degradation of the oxide semiconductor layer may be avoided, whereby reliability of the thin film transistor may be improved.
  • the display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, which includes the thin film transistor may have excellent reliability and display property.

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