TWI832462B - Boron-containing wastewater treatment system and method for treating boron-containing wastewater - Google Patents
Boron-containing wastewater treatment system and method for treating boron-containing wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 boron ion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 20
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- VLCLHFYFMCKBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricalcium;diborate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] VLCLHFYFMCKBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- VWVJCJUNVSTRGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cl].[Ce] Chemical compound [Cl].[Ce] VWVJCJUNVSTRGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001638 boron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HQNHTEJTBUTVAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);borate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] HQNHTEJTBUTVAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005200 wet scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本揭露係關於廢水處理技術，特別是關於含硼廢水處理系統及含硼廢水處理方法。 This disclosure relates to wastewater treatment technology, particularly to boron-containing wastewater treatment systems and boron-containing wastewater treatment methods.
含硼化合物廣泛用於現代工業，例如發電廠及半導體晶圓廠皆使用大量硼酸，為符合國家規定之放流水排放標準，含硼廢水的硼含量需低於5ppm才能進行流放，如何有效移除廢水中的硼元素為業界尚待解決的課題。 Boron-containing compounds are widely used in modern industries. For example, power plants and semiconductor wafer factories use large amounts of boric acid. In order to comply with national wastewater discharge standards, the boron content of boron-containing wastewater must be less than 5ppm before it can be discharged. How to effectively remove it? The boron element in wastewater is an issue that has yet to be solved in the industry.
第1圖是習知的含硼廢水處理系統100之示意圖。如第1圖所示，含硼廢水從廢水槽102導至預處理單元104，預處理單元104包含氫氧化鈉(NaOH)及氯化鈰(CeCl3)，含硼廢水中的鹽類會和預處理單元104中的氫氧化鈉及氯化鈰產生反應，因此當攪拌一段時間後，預處理單元104會產生汙泥漿及預處理後之廢水。可藉由使用不同的處理單元以分別處理汙泥漿及預處理後之廢水。舉例來說，所述汙泥漿會被導至汙泥脫水單元110，例如離心式脫水機，經脫水處理以獲得汙泥，並被堆置於暫存槽112中。由於汙泥的含水量較高(例如含水量高於15wt%)，且其中含有高濃度的鹵素元素(例如濃度至少為1.7wt%的氯)，因此只能被做為廢棄物處理，而無法回收再利用。
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional boron-containing
此外，上述的汙泥脫水單元110除了產生汙泥之外，亦會產生汙泥廢水。所述汙泥廢水因含有較多固體雜質(例如固體雜質高於5wt%)或重金屬，所
以仍需經迴流管線114導回預處理單元104，而無法直接排放至外界。經由預處理單元104預處理後之廢水會進一步流經預過濾單元106，例如砂濾或沉澱池，以去除固體雜質。自預過濾單元106流出的廢水會被導至離子交換樹脂單元108，以去除廢水中的含硼離子，使含硼廢水達到放流水的排放標準。
In addition, in addition to generating sludge, the above-mentioned
根據上述，習知的含硼廢水處理系統100的預處理單元104係使用氫氧化鈉與氯化鈰之組合以降低廢水中的含硼濃度(例如從800ppm降低至50ppm)。然而，有鑑於氯化鈰價格高昂，且氫氧化鈉與氯化鈰之組合無法有效降低含硼廢水的硼含量，致使氯化鈰的用量過大、離子交換樹脂的再生頻率高、整體處理成本昂貴；另一方面，含硼廢水經氫氧化鈉與氯化鈰反應產生的汙泥漿黏度過高，不易處理，其後經由汙泥脫水單元110產生的汙泥亦無法回收利用。
According to the above, the
有鑑於此，本揭露提供一種含硼廢水處理系統及含硼廢水處理方法，其可降低離子交換樹脂的再生頻率及整體處理成本，還可以將所產出的汙泥餅及硫酸鈣回收，作為建材原料，符合永續發展。 In view of this, the present disclosure provides a boron-containing wastewater treatment system and a boron-containing wastewater treatment method, which can reduce the regeneration frequency and overall treatment cost of ion exchange resin, and can also recover the produced sludge cake and calcium sulfate as Building materials and raw materials are in line with sustainable development.
根據本揭露的一實施例，提供一種含硼廢水處理系統，包含廢水槽，其用以儲存廢水；預處理單元，其連接於廢水槽，並用以接收來自廢水槽的廢水，其中，預處理單元包含含鈣鹼性物；薄膜過濾單元，其連接於預處理單元，用以接收來自於預處理單元的廢水，其中，薄膜過濾單元包含二個以上之薄膜，所述薄膜的其中至少二者的孔徑彼此不同；離子交換樹脂單元，其連接於薄膜過濾單元，用以接收來自於薄膜過濾單元的廢水；樹脂再生廢酸管線，其連接於預處理單元與離子交換樹脂單元，用以將流經離子交換樹脂單元的酸液導至預處理單元；脫硫單元，其連接於該薄膜過濾單元，用以接收來自薄膜過濾單元的廢水；脫硫廢液管線，其連接於廢水槽與脫硫單元，用以將脫硫單元產生 的廢液導至廢水槽；汙泥脫水單元，其連接於預處理單元，用以接收來自於預處理單元的汙泥漿，並產生汙泥廢水；以及迴流管線，其連接於薄膜過濾單元與汙泥脫水單元，用以將汙泥脫水單元所產生的汙泥廢水導至薄膜過濾單元。 According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a boron-containing wastewater treatment system is provided, including a wastewater tank for storing wastewater; a pretreatment unit connected to the wastewater tank and for receiving wastewater from the wastewater tank, wherein the pretreatment unit Contains calcium-containing alkaline substances; a membrane filtration unit connected to the pretreatment unit for receiving wastewater from the pretreatment unit, wherein the membrane filtration unit includes more than two membranes, at least two of the membranes The pore sizes are different from each other; the ion exchange resin unit is connected to the membrane filtration unit to receive wastewater from the membrane filtration unit; the resin regeneration waste acid pipeline is connected to the pretreatment unit and the ion exchange resin unit to pass through The acid liquid of the ion exchange resin unit is led to the pretreatment unit; the desulfurization unit is connected to the membrane filtration unit to receive wastewater from the membrane filtration unit; the desulfurization waste liquid pipeline is connected to the waste water tank and the desulfurization unit , used to convert the desulfurization unit to produce The waste liquid is led to the waste water tank; the sludge dehydration unit is connected to the pretreatment unit to receive the sludge slurry from the pretreatment unit and generate sludge wastewater; and the return line is connected to the membrane filtration unit and the sewage treatment unit. The mud dehydration unit is used to guide the sludge wastewater generated by the sludge dehydration unit to the membrane filtration unit.
根據本揭露的一實施例，提供一種含硼廢水處理系統，包含廢水槽，其用以儲存廢水；預處理單元，其連接於廢水槽，並用以接收來自廢水槽的廢水，其中，預處理單元包含含鈣鹼性物；鹽類除硼單元，其連接於預處理單元，用以接收來自於預處理單元的廢水，其中，鹽類除硼單元包含氯化鈰；薄膜過濾單元，其連接於鹽類除硼單元，用以接收來自於鹽類除硼單元的廢水，其中，薄膜過濾單元包含二個以上之薄膜，所述薄膜的其中至少二者的孔徑彼此不同；離子交換樹脂單元，其連接於薄膜過濾單元，用以接收來自於薄膜過濾單元的部分廢水，部分廢水包含第一組成比例；脫硫單元，其連接於薄膜過濾單元，用以接收來自該薄膜過濾單元的另一部分廢水，另一部分廢水包含第二組成比例，其中第二組成比例不同於第一組成比例；汙泥脫水單元，其連接於預處理單元，用以接收來自於預處理單元的汙泥漿，並產生汙泥廢水；第一迴流管線，其連接於鹽類除硼單元與汙泥脫水單元，用以將汙泥脫水單元所產生的汙泥廢水導至鹽類除硼單元；以及第二迴流管線，其連接於鹽類除硼單元與汙泥脫水單元，用以將鹽類除硼單元所產生的汙泥漿導至汙泥脫水單元。本實施例之含硼廢水處理系統包含鹽類除硼單元，可進一步降低經處理的含硼廢水的硼含量，使離子再生樹脂單元的再生頻率降低。 According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a boron-containing wastewater treatment system is provided, including a wastewater tank for storing wastewater; a pretreatment unit connected to the wastewater tank and for receiving wastewater from the wastewater tank, wherein the pretreatment unit It contains calcium-containing alkaline substances; a salt boron removal unit connected to a pretreatment unit for receiving wastewater from the pretreatment unit, wherein the salt boron removal unit contains cerium chloride; a membrane filtration unit connected to A salt boron removal unit is used to receive wastewater from a salt boron removal unit, wherein the membrane filtration unit includes two or more membranes, at least two of which have different pore sizes from each other; an ion exchange resin unit, which is connected to the membrane filtration unit and is used to receive part of the wastewater from the membrane filtration unit, and part of the wastewater contains the first composition ratio; a desulfurization unit is connected to the membrane filtration unit and is used to receive another part of the wastewater from the membrane filtration unit, Another part of the wastewater includes a second composition ratio, wherein the second composition ratio is different from the first composition ratio; a sludge dehydration unit connected to the pretreatment unit to receive sludge slurry from the pretreatment unit and generate sludge wastewater ; The first return line, which is connected to the salt boron removal unit and the sludge dehydration unit, is used to guide the sludge wastewater generated by the sludge dehydration unit to the salt boron removal unit; and the second return line, which is connected to The salt boron removal unit and the sludge dehydration unit are used to guide the sludge slurry produced by the salt boron removal unit to the sludge dehydration unit. The boron-containing wastewater treatment system of this embodiment includes a salt boron removal unit, which can further reduce the boron content of the treated boron-containing wastewater and reduce the regeneration frequency of the ion regeneration resin unit.
根據本揭露的一實施例，提供一種含硼廢水的處理方法，包含下列步驟：(1)將含硼廢水施予預處理步驟，預處理步驟係讓含硼廢水與含鈣鹼性物攪拌反應一段時間，其後生成汙泥漿及預處理後之廢水；(2)將汙泥漿經由汙泥脫水單元施予脫水處理，以生成汙泥餅及汙泥廢水；(3)將預處理後之廢水及汙泥廢水以二個以上之薄膜進行過濾，得到第一濾液及第二濾液，其中，所述薄 膜的其中至少二者的孔徑彼此不同，第一濾液之氯離子含量大於第二濾液之氯離子含量；以及(4)將第一濾液施予離子交換樹脂處理步驟，以進一步降低第一濾液中的硼離子含量，其中，步驟(4)所使用的離子交換樹脂透過酸液進行樹脂再生，且使用後的酸液被導回步驟(1)，將第二濾液施予脫硫處理，以生成鹽類及脫硫廢水，且脫硫廢水被導回步驟(1)。 According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for treating boron-containing wastewater is provided, which includes the following steps: (1) Subjecting the boron-containing wastewater to a pretreatment step. The pretreatment step is to stir and react the boron-containing wastewater with calcium-containing alkaline substances. After a period of time, sludge slurry and pretreated wastewater are then generated; (2) The sludge slurry is dehydrated through the sludge dehydration unit to generate sludge cake and sludge wastewater; (3) The pretreated wastewater is and sludge wastewater are filtered through two or more membranes to obtain a first filtrate and a second filtrate, wherein the membranes The pore sizes of at least two of the membranes are different from each other, and the chloride ion content of the first filtrate is greater than the chloride ion content of the second filtrate; and (4) subjecting the first filtrate to an ion exchange resin treatment step to further reduce the chloride ion content of the first filtrate. boron ion content, wherein the ion exchange resin used in step (4) is passed through the acid solution for resin regeneration, and the used acid solution is directed back to step (1), and the second filtrate is subjected to desulfurization treatment to generate salts and desulfurization wastewater, and the desulfurization wastewater is directed back to step (1).
為了讓本揭露之特徵明顯易懂，下文特舉出實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說明如下。 In order to make the features of the present disclosure clear and easy to understand, embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
100:含硼廢水處理系統 100: Boron-containing wastewater treatment system
102:廢水槽 102: Waste water tank
104:預處理單元 104: Preprocessing unit
106:預過濾單元 106: Pre-filter unit
108:離子交換樹脂單元 108: Ion exchange resin unit
110:汙泥脫水單元 110: Sludge dehydration unit
112:暫存槽 112: Temporary storage slot
114:迴流管線 114: Return line
200:含硼廢水處理系統 200: Boron-containing wastewater treatment system
202:廢水槽 202: Waste water tank
204:預處理單元 204: Preprocessing unit
206:預過濾單元 206: Pre-filter unit
208:薄膜過濾單元 208: Membrane filtration unit
2081:奈米薄膜 2081:Nano film
2082:逆滲透膜 2082:Reverse osmosis membrane
210:離子交換樹脂單元 210: Ion exchange resin unit
211:酸液槽 211:Acid tank
212:樹脂再生廢酸管線 212: Resin regeneration waste acid pipeline
214:脫硫單元 214:Desulfurization unit
216:脫硫廢液管線 216:Desulfurization waste liquid pipeline
218:汙泥脫水單元 218: Sludge dewatering unit
220:迴流管線 220: Return line
2201:第一迴流管線 2201: First return line
2202:第二迴流管線 2202: Second return line
222:第一暫存槽 222: First temporary storage slot
224:第二暫存槽 224: Second temporary storage slot
226:第三暫存槽 226: The third temporary storage slot
228:鹽類除硼單元 228: Salt boron removal unit
為了使下文更容易被理解，在閱讀本揭露時可同時參考圖式及其詳細文字說明。透過本文中之具體實施例並參考相對應的圖式，俾以詳細解說本揭露之具體實施例，並用以闡述本揭露之具體實施例之作用原理。此外，為了清楚起見，圖式中的各特徵可能未按照實際的比例繪製，因此某些圖式中的部分特徵的尺寸可能被刻意放大或縮小。 In order to make the following easier to understand, the drawings and their detailed text descriptions may be referred to simultaneously when reading this disclosure. Through the specific embodiments in this article and with reference to the corresponding drawings, the specific embodiments of the present disclosure are explained in detail, and the working principles of the specific embodiments of the present disclosure are explained. In addition, features in the drawings may not be drawn to actual scale for the sake of clarity, and therefore the dimensions of some features in some drawings may be intentionally exaggerated or reduced.
第1圖是習知的含硼廢水處理系統的示意圖。 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional boron-containing wastewater treatment system.
第2圖是根據本揭露一實施例所繪示的含硼廢水處理系統的示意圖。 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
第3圖是根據本揭露另一實施例所繪示的含硼廢水處理系統的示意圖。 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
第4圖是根據本揭露一實施例所繪示的含硼廢水處理系統的局部示意圖。 Figure 4 is a partial schematic diagram of a boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
本揭露提供了數個不同的實施例，可用於實現本揭露的不同特徵。為簡化說明起見，本揭露也同時描述了特定構件與佈置的範例。提供這些實施例的目的僅在於示意，而非予以任何限制。此外，本揭露中的各種實施例可能 使用重複的參考符號和/或文字註記。使用這些重複的參考符號與註記是為了使敘述更簡潔和明確，而非用以指示不同的實施例及/或配置之間的關聯性。 The present disclosure provides several different embodiments that can be used to implement different features of the disclosure. To simplify explanation, examples of specific components and arrangements are also described in this disclosure. These examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting in any way. Additionally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may Use repeated reference symbols and/or textual annotation. These repeated reference symbols and notations are used to make the description more concise and clear, but are not used to indicate the correlation between different embodiments and/or configurations.
雖然本揭露使用第一、第二、第三等等用詞，以敘述種種管線、濾液、液體，但應了解此等管線、濾液、液體不應被此等用詞所限制。此等用詞僅是用以區分某一管線、濾液、液體與另一個管線、濾液、液體，其本身並不意含及代表該管線有任何之前的序數，也不代表某一管線與另一管線的排列順序、或是製造方法上的順序。因此，在不背離本揭露之具體實施例之範疇下，下列所討論之第一管線、濾液、液體亦可以第二管線、濾液、液體之詞稱之。 Although this disclosure uses the terms first, second, third, etc. to describe various pipelines, filtrate, and liquids, it should be understood that these pipelines, filtrate, and liquids should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a certain pipeline, filtrate, and liquid from another pipeline, filtrate, and liquid. They do not imply or represent any previous serial number of the pipeline, nor do they mean that a certain pipeline is different from another pipeline. The order of arrangement, or the order of manufacturing methods. Therefore, without departing from the scope of the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, the first pipeline, filtrate, and liquid discussed below may also be referred to as the second pipeline, filtrate, and liquid.
本揭露中所提及的「約」或「實質上」之用語通常表示在一給定值或範圍的20%之內，較佳是10%之內，且更佳是5%之內，或3%之內，或2%之內，或1%之內，或0.5%之內。應注意的是，說明書中所提供的數量為大約的數量，亦即在沒有特定說明「約」或「實質上」的情況下，仍可隱含「約」或「實質上」之含義。 The terms "about" or "substantially" used in this disclosure generally mean within 20%, preferably within 10%, and more preferably within 5% of a given value or range, or Within 3%, or within 2%, or within 1%, or within 0.5%. It should be noted that the quantities provided in the specification are approximate quantities, that is, even without specifically stating "approximately" or "substantially", the meaning of "approximately" or "substantially" may still be implied.
雖然下文係藉由具體實施例以描述本揭露的發明，然而本揭露的發明原理亦可應用至其他的實施例。此外，為了不致使本發明之精神晦澀難懂，特定的細節會被予以省略，該些被省略的細節係屬於所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者的知識範圍。 Although the invention of the present disclosure is described below through specific embodiments, the inventive principles of the present disclosure can also be applied to other embodiments. In addition, in order not to obscure the spirit of the present invention, specific details will be omitted, and these omitted details fall within the scope of knowledge of those with ordinary skill in the art.
應理解的是，全文所述的「連接」不限於直接連接，亦可包含間接連接。因此，於一處理單元連接至另一處理單元之實施態樣，不排除前者與後者之間存在其他處理單元；全文所述的「接收」不限於直接接收，亦可包含間接接收。因此，於一處理單元接收來自另一處理單元的液體或固體時，不排除前者與後者之間存在其他處理單元。 It should be understood that the "connection" mentioned throughout this article is not limited to direct connection, but may also include indirect connection. Therefore, the implementation in which one processing unit is connected to another processing unit does not exclude the existence of other processing units between the former and the latter; the "reception" mentioned in the entire text is not limited to direct reception, but may also include indirect reception. Therefore, when one processing unit receives liquid or solid from another processing unit, it is not excluded that there are other processing units between the former and the latter.
應理解的是，本揭露之含硼廢水處理系統所處理之含硼廢水，根據不同實際需求，除了包含硼之外，亦可包含重金屬離子(例如銅離子、鉻離子)、 鹼金屬離子(例如鈉離子、鉀離子)、鹼土金屬離子(例如鎂離子、鈣離子)及鹵素離子(例如氯離子、溴離子)，但不以此為限，含硼廢水不以液體為限，可包含5wt%以下的固體懸浮物；本揭露之含硼廢水處理系統產生的汙泥漿，根據不同實施態樣，可包含含鈣沉澱物(例如硼酸鈣、硼酸鈰)，但不以此為限，汙泥漿的固體含量至少為10wt%；本揭露之含硼廢水處理系統產生的汙泥廢水，根據不同實施態樣，其固體含量可為5wt%以下。 It should be understood that, in addition to boron, the boron-containing wastewater treated by the boron-containing wastewater treatment system of the present disclosure may also contain heavy metal ions (such as copper ions, chromium ions), Alkali metal ions (such as sodium ions, potassium ions), alkaline earth metal ions (such as magnesium ions, calcium ions) and halide ions (such as chloride ions, bromide ions), but are not limited to this. Boron-containing wastewater is not limited to liquids , may contain less than 5wt% solid suspended matter; the sludge slurry produced by the boron-containing wastewater treatment system of the present disclosure may contain calcium-containing precipitates (such as calcium borate, cerium borate) according to different implementations, but this does not constitute Limit, the solid content of the sludge slurry is at least 10wt%; the solid content of the sludge wastewater produced by the boron-containing wastewater treatment system of the present disclosure can be less than 5wt% according to different implementation modes.
第2圖是本揭露一實施例的含硼廢水處理系統的示意圖。如第2圖所示，本實施例之含硼廢水處理系統200包含廢水槽202，其用以儲存廢水，例如儲存產生自電廠或晶圓廠的含硼廢水，此含硼廢水中的硼濃度至少高於500ppm，例如為800ppm，且含硼廢水中的硼的形式包括硼離子。此外，含硼廢水中的鹵素離子濃度，例如氯離子濃度，可高於5000ppm，例如為10000ppm，但不以此為限。
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2, the boron-containing
預處理單元204，其連接於廢水槽202，並用以接收來自廢水槽202的廢水，預處理單元204包含含鈣鹼性物，例如氧化鈣(CaO)和氫氧化鈣(Ca(OH)2)。根據本揭露一實施例，可以利用廢水以將預處理單元204中的含鈣鹼性物溶解，並使得溶解後的含鈣鹼性物和廢水產生化學反應。因此，不須額外添加自來水或地下水便足以將含鈣鹼性物溶解，而能降低水的使用量。藉由使用含鈣鹼性物，可以將廢水中的硼離子被轉換為硼酸根(BO3 3-)，此硼酸根可以進一步和含鈣鹼性物的鈣離子反應，而產生固體的硼酸鈣。此外，由於含鈣鹼性物呈現鹼性，所以可以利用含鈣鹼性物將廢水的酸鹼值(pH值)調整至預定的鹼性範圍，例如pH值為10，而有利於硼酸根(BO3 3-)的生成。
The
預過濾單元206，其連接於預處理單元204，並用以接收來自預處理單元204的廢水。根據本揭露一實施例，預過濾單元206係用以移除固體懸浮物，以提升後續處理單元的處理效率，或延長後續處理單元的可運轉時數。根據本
揭露一實施例，預過濾單元206可為高表面積的孔洞材料，例如沙濾或活性碳。
The
薄膜過濾單元208，其連接於預過濾單元206，用以接收來自預過濾單元206的廢水，薄膜過濾單元208至少包含二個以上之薄膜，例如奈米薄膜和逆滲透膜，這些薄膜的至少二者的孔徑彼此不同。根據本揭露一實施例，奈米薄膜的孔徑會大於逆滲透膜的孔徑，因此可以對廢水發揮不同的過濾效果。薄膜過濾單元208中的奈米薄膜可以是多個串接的模組，而逆滲透膜亦可以是多個串接的模組。根據本揭露一實施例，來自於預過濾單元206中的廢水會先流經奈米薄膜所構成的模組，之後部分的廢水會再流經逆滲透膜所構成的模組。
The
離子交換樹脂單元210，其連接於薄膜過濾單元208，用以接收來自薄膜過濾單元208的部分廢水。根據本揭露一實施例，離子交換樹脂單元210在鹼性環境進行硼離子或硼酸根離子的吸附，藉以降低廢水的硼濃度，例如將廢水中的硼濃度從300ppm降低至低於5ppm。
The ion
酸液槽211，其連接於離子交換樹脂單元210，用以提供離子交換樹脂再生所需的酸液，透過酸液可將其上附著的硼離子或硼酸根離子洗脫，所述酸液可為鹽酸。根據本揭露一實施例，離子交換樹脂單元210包含多個並聯設置的離子交換樹脂管柱，因此當對離子交換樹脂單元210中的部分離子交換樹脂管柱進行再生時，其他部分的離子交換樹脂管柱仍可以繼續接收來自薄膜過濾單元208的部分廢水，以避免中斷廢水的處理程序。
The
樹脂再生廢酸管線212，其連接於預處理單元204與離子交換樹脂單元210，用以將流經離子交換樹脂單元210的廢酸導至預處理單元204。根據本揭露一實施例，由於經由離子交換樹脂單元210處理的廢水的硼濃度不會高於400ppm，因而得以延長離子交換樹脂單元210的可運轉時數，並避免使用過多的酸液對離子交換樹脂單元210進行再生。藉此，可避免過多的再生廢酸流入預處理單元204中，而避免預處理單元204的酸鹼值的過低。
The resin regeneration
脫硫單元214，其連接於薄膜過濾單元208，用以接收來自薄膜過濾單元208的另一部分廢水，脫硫單元214可為煙氣脫硫系統(flue-gas desulfurization，FGD)，其可將煙氣中的二氧化硫及其他硫氧化物固化為鹽類，較佳的，所述煙氣脫硫系統採用濕式洗滌法(wet scrubbing)。
The
根據本揭露一實施例，脫硫單元214和離子交換樹脂單元210並非串聯設置，而是並聯設置，因此流入脫硫單元214中的廢水不會再流入離子交換樹脂單元210中，且流入脫硫單元214的廢水和流入脫硫單元214的廢水可以具有不同組成。舉例來說，流入脫硫單元214的廢水會具有較高濃度的二價離子或三價離子，例如硫酸根、鈣離子和鎂離子；而流入離子交換樹脂單元210的廢水會具有較高濃度的一價離子，例如鈉離子和氯離子。
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
脫硫廢液管線216，其連接於廢水槽202與脫硫單元214，用以將脫硫單元214產生的廢液導至廢水槽202。
The desulfurization
汙泥脫水單元218，其連接於預處理單元204，用以接收來自預處理單元204的汙泥漿，並產生汙泥廢水。根據本揭露一實施例，汙泥脫水單元214可為板框式壓濾機，相較於習知的離心式脫水機或濾袋式脫水機，板框式壓濾機具備較佳的脫水效果，而得以避免產生含水量高於15wt%的汙泥。根據本揭露一實施例，板框式壓濾機例如是雙膜片式壓濾機(台灣卜力斯股份有限公司)，其係利用彈性濾布圍封住汙泥漿，並擠壓汙泥漿，以分離出流體汙泥廢水(含水量高於40wt%)和固體汙泥餅(含水量低於10wt%)。
The
迴流管線220，其連接於預過濾單元206與汙泥脫水單元218，用以將汙泥脫水單元218所產生的汙泥廢水導至預過濾單元206。
The
如第2圖所示，本實施例之含硼廢水處理系統200之離子交換樹脂單元210連接至海水電解廠，海水電解廠會接收經離子交換樹脂處理之廢水，所述經離子交換樹脂處理之廢水的硼含量低於5ppm，而符合可排放至外界的硼容許
值。透過海水電解廠施予之電解反應，可產生次氯酸鈉(NaClO)及氫氣，但不限於此，前述產物可分別儲存至暫存槽，例如第一暫存槽222，或直接排放至開放水域。
As shown in Figure 2, the ion
如第2圖所示，本實施例之含硼廢水處理系統200之脫硫單元214連接至第二暫存槽224，第二暫存槽224可儲存脫硫單元214產生的鹽類固體，例如硫酸鈣(CaSO4)和硫酸鎂(MgSO4)。較佳的，由於經由脫硫單元214所處理的廢水具有較低的氯離子濃度，例如低於3000ppm，因此脫硫單元214產生的鹽類固體之氯含量可低於0.1wt%，而可作為建材使用，而非作為廢棄物，因此可達到回收利用的目的。
As shown in Figure 2, the
如第2圖所示，本實施例之含硼廢水處理系統200之汙泥脫水單元218連接至第三暫存槽226，第三暫存槽226可儲存汙泥脫水單元218產生的汙泥餅，所述汙泥餅可包含硼酸鈣(CaBO3)，所述汙泥餅的固含量可大於40wt%，較佳為大於50wt%，更佳為大於70wt%，所述汙泥餅的黏度大於所述汙泥漿的黏度。較佳的，由於汙泥脫水單元218具備較佳的脫水效果，其可以產生含水量低於10wt%，或低於5wt%的汙泥餅，因此汙泥漿中的大部分氯離子會連同汙泥廢水被導至預過濾單元206，而不會殘留於汙泥餅中。因此，所述汙泥餅的氯含量可低於0.02wt%，較佳為低於0.01wt%，所述汙泥餅符合建材使用規格，可作為建材使用。
As shown in Figure 2, the
第3圖是本揭露另一實施例的含硼廢水處理系統的示意圖。第3圖之含硼廢水處理系統200與第2圖之含硼廢水處理系統200之差異在於第3圖之含硼廢水處理系統200進一步包含鹽類除硼單元228，其連接於預處理單元204，用以接收來自預處理單元204的廢水，鹽類除硼單元228包含氯化鈰。根據本揭露一實施例，含硼廢水先經由預處理單元204之含鈣鹼性物進行初步除硼，例如將硼含量由300ppm降低至低於150ppm，鹽類除硼單元228的氯化鈰用量相較於先前技術
能有效降低。
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The difference between the boron-containing
第3圖之含硼廢水處理系統200的第一迴流管線2201與第2圖之含硼廢水處理系統200的迴流管線220大致相同，差異在於第一迴流管線2201將汙泥脫水單元218所產生的汙泥廢水導至鹽類除硼單元228，第3圖之含硼廢水處理系統200進一步包含第二迴流管線2202，其連接於鹽類除硼單元228與汙泥脫水單元218，用以將鹽類除硼單元228所產生的汙泥漿導至汙泥脫水單元218。第3圖之含硼廢水處理系統200的其他處理單元、管線及槽體可參考前述第2圖之含硼廢水處理系統200的相關說明，在此不再贅述。
The
在另一實施態樣中，預過濾單元可選擇性設置於本揭露的含硼廢水處理系統，預過濾單元可進一步移除預處理單元、汙泥脫水單元產生的固體懸浮物，延長薄膜過濾單元的使用壽命。 In another embodiment, the pre-filtration unit can be selectively installed in the boron-containing wastewater treatment system of the present disclosure. The pre-filtration unit can further remove the solid suspended matter produced by the pre-treatment unit and the sludge dehydration unit, and extend the membrane filtration unit. service life.
較佳的，預處理單元之pH值可為9.8至10.2，其可大幅降低含硼廢水的重金屬含量，例如銅、鉻，並進一步使含硼廢水的硼含量低於300ppm，有助於降低離子交換樹脂單元的再生頻率，降低樹脂再生酸液的消耗，降低整體處理的成本。 Preferably, the pH value of the pretreatment unit can be 9.8 to 10.2, which can significantly reduce the heavy metal content of boron-containing wastewater, such as copper and chromium, and further reduce the boron content of boron-containing wastewater to less than 300ppm, which helps to reduce ion Exchange the regeneration frequency of the resin unit, reduce the consumption of resin regeneration acid, and reduce the overall processing cost.
較佳的，預處理單元之鈣離子濃度大於等於2000ppm，其可有效降低含硼廢水的硼含量，於其中一種實施態樣中，含硼廢水之硼離子在預處理單元沉澱為硼酸鈣，形成汙泥漿的成分之一。 Preferably, the calcium ion concentration of the pretreatment unit is greater than or equal to 2000ppm, which can effectively reduce the boron content of boron-containing wastewater. In one embodiment, the boron ions of boron-containing wastewater precipitate into calcium borate in the pretreatment unit to form One of the components of sludge slurry.
於其中一種實施態樣中，汙泥脫水單元可為板框式壓濾機，其可將預處理單元產生的汙泥漿進行批次處理，形成可供建材使用的汙泥餅及待過濾的汙泥廢水。 In one implementation, the sludge dehydration unit can be a plate and frame filter press, which can process the sludge slurry generated by the pretreatment unit in batches to form sludge cakes that can be used for building materials and sewage to be filtered. Mud wastewater.
第4圖是本揭露一實施例的含硼廢水處理系統的局部示意圖。如第4圖所示，薄膜過濾單元208可接收來自預處理單元、預過濾單元或鹽類除硼單元的廢水，且當廢水流入薄膜過濾單元208時，所述廢水會先經由奈米濾膜2081進
行一次過濾，過濾後分為第一液體及第二液體，其中，第二液體之二價離子濃度高於第一液體之二價離子濃度，所述二價離子可包含鈣離子、鎂離子、硫酸根離子，但不以此為限，所述第一液體經由第一管線導至逆滲透膜2082進行二次過濾，過濾後分為第三液體及第四液體，其中第三液體的一價離子濃度高於第四液體之一價離子濃度，所述一價離子可包含鈉離子、氯離子，但不以此為限，所述第三液體經由第三管線導至離子交換樹脂單元210，所述第三液體係為第一濾液；第二液體經由第二管線與經由第四管線運送的第四液體一起導至脫硫單元214，第二液體與第四液體構成第二濾液，第一濾液包含第一組成比例，第二濾液包含第二組成比例，第一組成比例不同於第二組成比例。
Figure 4 is a partial schematic diagram of a boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, the
應理解的是，所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者可根據不同孔徑的薄膜或所欲達到的過濾效果調整廢水通過薄膜單元的流速，於其中一種實施態樣中，所述流速可為5m3/h(立方公尺/小時)至20m3/h。 It should be understood that those skilled in the art can adjust the flow rate of wastewater through the membrane unit according to membranes with different pore sizes or the desired filtration effect. In one embodiment, the flow rate can be 5m 3 / h (cubic meters/hour) to 20m 3 /h.
於其中一種實施態樣中，薄膜過濾單元包含至少一奈米薄膜與至少一逆滲透膜。於其中一種實施態樣中，所述逆滲透膜與離子交換樹脂單元連接。 於其中一種實施態樣中，奈米薄膜的孔徑大於10Å且小於等於20Å，逆滲透膜的孔徑為4至10Å。 In one embodiment, the membrane filtration unit includes at least one nanometer membrane and at least one reverse osmosis membrane. In one embodiment, the reverse osmosis membrane is connected to an ion exchange resin unit. In one implementation, the pore diameter of the nanofilm is greater than 10Å and less than or equal to 20Å, and the pore diameter of the reverse osmosis membrane is 4 to 10Å.
本揭露另提供一種含硼廢水的處理方法，其包含(1)將含硼廢水施予預處理步驟，預處理步驟係讓含硼廢水與含鈣鹼性物攪拌反應一段時間，其後生成汙泥漿及預處理後之廢水；(2)將所述汙泥漿經由汙泥脫水單元施予脫水處理，以生成汙泥餅及汙泥廢水；(3)將預處理後之廢水及所述汙泥廢水以二個以上之薄膜進行過濾，得到第一濾液及第二濾液，其中，這些薄膜的其中至少二者的孔徑彼此不同，所述第一濾液之氯離子含量大於所述第二濾液之氯離子含量；以及(4)將所述第一濾液施予離子交換樹脂處理步驟，以進一步降低所述第一濾液中的硼離子含量，其中，步驟(4)所使用的離子交換樹脂透過酸液進行樹 脂再生，且使用後的酸液被導回步驟(1)，將所述第二濾液施予脫硫處理，以生成鹽類及脫硫廢水，且所述脫硫廢水被導回步驟(1)。 The present disclosure also provides a method for treating boron-containing wastewater, which includes (1) subjecting boron-containing wastewater to a pretreatment step. The pretreatment step is to stir and react the boron-containing wastewater with calcium-containing alkaline substances for a period of time, and then generate pollutants. Slurry and pretreated wastewater; (2) Dehydrate the sludge slurry through a sludge dehydration unit to generate sludge cake and sludge wastewater; (3) Combine the pretreated wastewater and the sludge The wastewater is filtered through two or more membranes to obtain a first filtrate and a second filtrate, wherein at least two of these membranes have different pore sizes, and the chloride ion content of the first filtrate is greater than the chlorine content of the second filtrate. ion content; and (4) applying the first filtrate to an ion exchange resin treatment step to further reduce the boron ion content in the first filtrate, wherein the ion exchange resin used in step (4) passes through the acid solution progress tree The grease is regenerated, and the used acid liquid is directed back to step (1), the second filtrate is subjected to desulfurization treatment to generate salts and desulfurization wastewater, and the desulfurization wastewater is directed back to step (1) ).
於其中一種實施態樣中，步驟(3)之薄膜包含至少一奈米薄膜及至少一逆滲透膜，所述預處理後之廢水及所述汙泥廢水先以至少一奈米薄膜過濾，再以至少一逆滲透膜過濾，可確保處理後之廢水具有期望的一價離子含量與二價離子含量。 In one embodiment, the membrane in step (3) includes at least one nanometer membrane and at least one reverse osmosis membrane. The pretreated wastewater and the sludge wastewater are first filtered through at least one nanometer membrane, and then Filtration through at least one reverse osmosis membrane can ensure that the treated wastewater has the desired monovalent ion content and divalent ion content.
較佳的，步驟(1)之所述預處理步驟之pH值為9.8至10.2，其可大幅降低含硼廢水的重金屬含量，例如銅、鉻，並進一步使含硼廢水的硼含量低於300ppm。 Preferably, the pH value of the pretreatment step in step (1) is 9.8 to 10.2, which can significantly reduce the heavy metal content of boron-containing wastewater, such as copper and chromium, and further reduce the boron content of boron-containing wastewater to less than 300 ppm. .
較佳的，步驟(1)之所述預處理步驟之鈣離子濃度大於等於2000ppm，其可有效降低含硼廢水的硼含量。 Preferably, the calcium ion concentration in the pretreatment step of step (1) is greater than or equal to 2000 ppm, which can effectively reduce the boron content of boron-containing wastewater.
於其中一種實施態樣中，步驟(1)之所述汙泥漿及步驟(2)之所述汙泥餅包含硼酸鈣。 In one embodiment, the sludge slurry in step (1) and the sludge cake in step (2) include calcium borate.
於其中一種實施態樣中，步驟(3)之第一濾液之二價離子濃度低於第二濾液之二價離子濃度，所述二價離子可為鈣離子、鎂離子或硫酸根離子，但不限於此。 In one embodiment, the divalent ion concentration of the first filtrate in step (3) is lower than the divalent ion concentration of the second filtrate, and the divalent ions can be calcium ions, magnesium ions or sulfate ions, but Not limited to this.
根據本揭露的實施例，上述含硼廢水處理系統所排出的固體、液體及氣體可以被回收，或被進一步利用，而並非作為廢棄物而予以銷毀或掩埋。因此，本揭露的含硼廢水處理系統及含硼廢水處理方法得以滿足永續發展及循環經濟的發展潮流。 According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the solids, liquids and gases discharged from the boron-containing wastewater treatment system can be recycled or further utilized instead of being destroyed or buried as waste. Therefore, the boron-containing wastewater treatment system and boron-containing wastewater treatment method disclosed in the present disclosure can meet the development trend of sustainable development and circular economy.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，在上述之含硼廢水處理系統中，奈米薄膜的孔徑為4至10Å，逆滲透膜的孔徑大於10Å且小於等於20Å。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the above boron-containing wastewater treatment system, the pore size of the nanofilm is 4 to 10 Å, and the pore size of the reverse osmosis membrane is greater than 10 Å and less than or equal to 20 Å.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，揭露一種含硼廢水處理系統，包含：廢水槽，其用以儲存廢水；預處理單元，其連接於廢水槽，並用以接收來自廢水 槽的廢水，其中，預處理單元包含含鈣鹼性物；鹽類除硼單元，其連接於預處理單元，用以接收來自於預處理單元的廢水，其中，鹽類除硼單元包含氯化鈰；薄膜過濾單元，其連接於鹽類除硼單元，用以接收來自於鹽類除硼單元的廢水，其中，薄膜過濾單元包含二個以上之薄膜，些薄膜的其中至少二者的孔徑彼此不同；離子交換樹脂單元，其連接於薄膜過濾單元，用以接收來自於薄膜過濾單元的部分廢水，部分廢水包含第一組成比例；脫硫單元，其連接於薄膜過濾單元，用以接收來自薄膜過濾單元的另一部分廢水，另一部分廢水包含第二組成比例，其中第二組成比例不同於第一組成比例；汙泥脫水單元，其連接於預處理單元，用以接收來自於預處理單元的汙泥漿，並產生汙泥廢水；第一迴流管線，其連接於鹽類除硼單元與汙泥脫水單元，用以將汙泥脫水單元所產生的汙泥廢水導至鹽類除硼單元；以及第二迴流管線，其連接於鹽類除硼單元與汙泥脫水單元，用以將鹽類除硼單元所產生的汙泥漿導至汙泥脫水單元。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a boron-containing wastewater treatment system is disclosed, including: a wastewater tank for storing wastewater; a pretreatment unit connected to the wastewater tank and for receiving wastewater from Wastewater from the tank, wherein the pretreatment unit contains calcium-containing alkaline substances; a salt boron removal unit is connected to the pretreatment unit to receive wastewater from the pretreatment unit, wherein the salt boron removal unit contains chlorine Cerium; a membrane filtration unit connected to a salt boron removal unit for receiving wastewater from the salt boron removal unit, wherein the membrane filtration unit includes more than two membranes, and at least two of the membranes have pore sizes that are mutually exclusive. Different; an ion exchange resin unit, which is connected to the membrane filtration unit, to receive part of the wastewater from the membrane filtration unit, and part of the wastewater contains the first composition ratio; a desulfurization unit, which is connected to the membrane filtration unit, to receive part of the wastewater from the membrane filtration unit; Another part of the wastewater of the filtration unit, the other part of the wastewater contains a second composition ratio, wherein the second composition ratio is different from the first composition ratio; a sludge dehydration unit connected to the pretreatment unit to receive sewage from the pretreatment unit sludge, and generates sludge wastewater; the first return pipeline is connected to the salt boron removal unit and the sludge dehydration unit to guide the sludge wastewater generated by the sludge dehydration unit to the salt boron removal unit; and the third The second return line is connected to the salt boron removal unit and the sludge dehydration unit, and is used to guide the sludge slurry produced by the salt boron removal unit to the sludge dehydration unit.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，上述含硼廢水處理系統中的薄膜包含至少一奈米薄膜與至少一逆滲透膜。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the membrane in the boron-containing wastewater treatment system includes at least one nanofilm and at least one reverse osmosis membrane.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，上述含硼廢水處理系統中的逆滲透膜與離子交換樹脂單元連接。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the reverse osmosis membrane in the boron-containing wastewater treatment system is connected to an ion exchange resin unit.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，上述含硼廢水處理系統中的奈米薄膜的孔徑為4至10Å，逆滲透膜的孔徑大於10Å且小於等於20Å。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the pore diameter of the nanofilm in the boron-containing wastewater treatment system is 4 to 10 Å, and the pore diameter of the reverse osmosis membrane is greater than 10 Å and less than or equal to 20 Å.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，上述之含硼廢水處理系統中的預處理單元之pH值為9.8至10.2。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the pH value of the pretreatment unit in the boron-containing wastewater treatment system is 9.8 to 10.2.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，上述含硼廢水處理系統中的預處理單元之鈣離子濃度大於等於2000ppm。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the calcium ion concentration of the pretreatment unit in the boron-containing wastewater treatment system is greater than or equal to 2000 ppm.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，上述含硼廢水處理系統中的汙泥脫水單元為板框式壓濾機。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sludge dehydration unit in the boron-containing wastewater treatment system is a plate and frame filter press.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，上述含硼廢水處理系統中的含硼廢水處理系統進一步包含預過濾單元，其連接於鹽類除硼單元及薄膜過濾單元，預過濾單元用以接收來自於鹽類除硼單元的廢水，薄膜過濾單元所接收的來自於鹽類除硼單元的廢水流經預過濾單元。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the boron-containing wastewater treatment system in the above-mentioned boron-containing wastewater treatment system further includes a pre-filtration unit, which is connected to the salt boron removal unit and the membrane filtration unit. The pre-filtration unit is used to receive the salt from the boron-containing wastewater treatment system. The wastewater from the boron removal unit and the wastewater received by the membrane filtration unit from the salt boron removal unit flows through the prefiltration unit.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，上述含硼廢水處理系統進一步包含：樹脂再生廢酸管線，其連接於預處理單元與離子交換樹脂單元，用以將流經離子交換樹脂單元的酸液導至預處理單元；以及脫硫廢液管線，其連接於廢水槽與脫硫單元，用以將脫硫單元產生的廢液導至廢水槽。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the boron-containing wastewater treatment system further includes: a resin regeneration waste acid pipeline, which is connected to the pretreatment unit and the ion exchange resin unit to guide the acid liquid flowing through the ion exchange resin unit to the pretreatment unit. a treatment unit; and a desulfurization waste liquid pipeline, which is connected to the waste water tank and the desulfurization unit to guide the waste liquid generated by the desulfurization unit to the waste water tank.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，上述含硼廢水處理方法中的步驟(1)之汙泥漿及步驟(2)之汙泥餅的組成包含硼酸鈣。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the compositions of the sludge slurry in step (1) and the sludge cake in step (2) in the above boron-containing wastewater treatment method include calcium borate.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，上述含硼廢水處理方法中的第一濾液之硫酸根離子含量低於第二濾液之硫酸根離子含量。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sulfate ion content of the first filtrate in the above boron-containing wastewater treatment method is lower than the sulfate ion content of the second filtrate.
根據本揭露的一些實施例，上述含硼廢水處理方法中的第一濾液之鈣離子含量低於第二濾液之鈣離子含量。 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the calcium ion content of the first filtrate in the above boron-containing wastewater treatment method is lower than the calcium ion content of the second filtrate.
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例，凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾，皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。 The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the patentable scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
200:含硼廢水處理系統 200: Boron-containing wastewater treatment system
202:廢水槽 202: Waste water tank
204:預處理單元 204: Preprocessing unit
206:預過濾單元 206: Pre-filter unit
208:薄膜過濾單元 208: Membrane filtration unit
210:離子交換樹脂單元 210: Ion exchange resin unit
211:酸液槽 211:Acid tank
212:樹脂再生廢酸管線 212: Resin regeneration waste acid pipeline
214:脫硫單元 214:Desulfurization unit
216:脫硫廢液管線 216:Desulfurization waste liquid pipeline
218:汙泥脫水單元 218: Sludge dewatering unit
220:迴流管線 220: Return line
222:第一暫存槽 222: First temporary storage slot
224:第二暫存槽 224: Second temporary storage slot
226:第三暫存槽 226: The third temporary storage slot
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| TWM475458U (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-01 | Benq Materials Corp | System for treating wastewater containing boron and iodine |
| TW201420513A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-06-01 | Nec Facilities Ltd | Method for treatment of boron-containing waste water |
| TWM611277U (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-05-01 | 萬年清環境工程股份有限公司 | System for treating boron-containing wastewater having high concentration of sulfate |
| TW202229177A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-08-01 | 國立成功大學 | Method for removing nickel and boron from a solution |
| TWM632048U (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-11 | 暟豐實業有限公司 | Resource recovery system for waste liquid boron |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TW201420513A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-06-01 | Nec Facilities Ltd | Method for treatment of boron-containing waste water |
| TWM475458U (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-01 | Benq Materials Corp | System for treating wastewater containing boron and iodine |
| TWM611277U (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-05-01 | 萬年清環境工程股份有限公司 | System for treating boron-containing wastewater having high concentration of sulfate |
| TW202229177A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-08-01 | 國立成功大學 | Method for removing nickel and boron from a solution |
| TWM632048U (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-11 | 暟豐實業有限公司 | Resource recovery system for waste liquid boron |
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