TWI822244B - Ecological slope protection structure and constructing method thereof - Google Patents

Ecological slope protection structure and constructing method thereof Download PDF

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TWI822244B
TWI822244B TW111130480A TW111130480A TWI822244B TW I822244 B TWI822244 B TW I822244B TW 111130480 A TW111130480 A TW 111130480A TW 111130480 A TW111130480 A TW 111130480A TW I822244 B TWI822244 B TW I822244B
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tires
lower annular
nutrient soil
tire
layer
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TW202307314A (en
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陳瑞金
鄒智揮
梁長青
陳爽
楊濤
鄒智元
胡雪菲
田新源
王若堯
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亞東學校財團法人亞東科技大學
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
    • A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/205—Securing of slopes or inclines with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2300/00—Materials
    • E02D2300/0001—Rubbers
    • E02D2300/0003—Car tires
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2300/00—Materials
    • E02D2300/0037—Clays
    • E02D2300/0039—Clays mixed with additives

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)

Abstract

An ecological slope protection structure includes a sloping body, a plurality of first tires and a plurality of second tires. The sloping body includes a plurality of first surfaces, a plurality of second surfaces and a plurality of third surfaces. The third surfaces are substantially perpendicular to the first surfaces and the second surfaces. The first surfaces and the second surfaces are alternatively arranged along an arrangement direction. Each of the third surfaces is respectively connected between the corresponding first surface and the corresponding second surface, such that the first surfaces, the second surfaces and the third surfaces become a form of stairs. The first tires are distributed on the first surfaces. The second tires are distributed on the second surfaces and are mutually staggered with the first tires along the arrangement direction. Each of the second tires is connected with the adjacent first tires.

Description

生態護坡結構及其建造方法Ecological slope protection structure and construction method

本發明是關於一種生態護坡結構及其建造方法，且特別是關於一種可預防地質災害的生態護坡結構及其建造方法。The present invention relates to an ecological slope protection structure and a construction method thereof, and in particular to an ecological slope protection structure that can prevent geological disasters and a construction method thereof.

為使周遭環境得到保護，大壩洩洪通常採用階梯與消力池相結合的方式來減緩水流衝擊降低水流能量。同樣在抵抗水土流失、泥石流等地質災害中，如何使邊坡降低水流的衝擊也尤為關鍵。目前有多種地質災害防護坡建造方式，主要分為三類：第一類利用混凝土建造有效設施，避免崩塌、泥石流等問題；第二類採用鎖土坡方式，通過相應措施鎖定土坡種植林木，共同防止水土流失；第三類採用階梯式擋土牆，通過層級阻攔減少泥石流對下游的破壞。這三種方式實施成本都較高，同時第一類最大問題在於對自然生態環境的嚴重破壞，而第二和第三類都未從源頭上避免地質災害問題。In order to protect the surrounding environment, dam flood discharge usually uses a combination of steps and stilling basins to slow down the impact of water flow and reduce the energy of the water flow. Similarly, in resisting geological disasters such as soil erosion and debris flows, how to reduce the impact of water flow on slopes is also particularly critical. There are currently a variety of construction methods for geological disaster protection slopes, which are mainly divided into three categories: the first type uses concrete to build effective facilities to avoid problems such as collapse and debris flows; the second type uses the method of locking the soil slope and planting trees on the soil slope through corresponding measures. Jointly prevent water and soil erosion; the third type uses stepped retaining walls to reduce the damage caused by debris flow to downstream through layered blocking. The implementation costs of these three methods are relatively high. At the same time, the biggest problem of the first type is the serious damage to the natural ecological environment, while neither the second nor the third type avoid the geological disaster problem from the source.

另一方面，隨著現今汽車產業的迅速發展，大量汽車廢棄輪胎急需處理。目前多數廢棄輪胎的回收利用往往對其進行特殊工藝加工，破壞其特有的結構或改變其性能，甚者在回收處理過程中還會給環境帶來嚴重威脅，即耗費財力又沒有充分利用它的價值。一般而言，輪胎失效主要源自其胎冠花紋磨損使輪胎摩擦係數降低，然而汽車輪胎由鋼絲與橡膠製作，表面花紋磨損並不影響輪胎的機械強度，故理應還可以利用它特有的結構與性能將之最大化利用。On the other hand, with the rapid development of today's automobile industry, a large number of discarded automobile tires are in urgent need of treatment. At present, the recycling of most waste tires often requires special processing to destroy their unique structures or change their properties. In fact, they will also pose serious threats to the environment during the recycling process, which means that they consume financial resources and do not fully utilize their potential. value. Generally speaking, tire failure is mainly caused by the wear of the crown pattern, which reduces the tire friction coefficient. However, automobile tires are made of steel wire and rubber, and the surface pattern wear does not affect the mechanical strength of the tire. Therefore, it should be possible to use its unique structure and Maximize performance.

因此，基於上述背景，如能利用廢棄輪胎以使生態護坡結構可有效預防地質災害，無疑是一件一舉兩得的美事。Therefore, based on the above background, if waste tires can be used to make ecological slope protection structures that can effectively prevent geological disasters, it is undoubtedly a good thing that kills two birds with one stone.

本發明之目的之一在於提供一種生態護坡結構，其能提升總體的消能效率以避免坡體的水土流失，從而預防地質災害，且其材料的選用有利於環境保護。One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide an ecological slope protection structure that can improve the overall energy dissipation efficiency to avoid soil and water loss on the slope, thereby preventing geological disasters, and the selection of its materials is conducive to environmental protection.

根據本發明的一實施方式，一種生態護坡結構包含坡體、複數個第一輪胎以及複數個第二輪胎。坡體包含複數個第一表面、複數個第二表面以及複數個第三表面，第三表面實質上垂直於第一表面與第二表面，第一表面與第二表面沿排列方向交替排列，第三表面分別連接於對應之第一表面與對應之第二表面之間以使第一表面、第二表面以及第三表面形成階梯狀。第一輪胎分佈於第一表面。第二輪胎分佈於第二表面，並與第一輪胎沿排列方向彼此錯開，第二輪胎中每一者連接相鄰之第一輪胎。According to an embodiment of the present invention, an ecological slope protection structure includes a slope body, a plurality of first tires and a plurality of second tires. The slope body includes a plurality of first surfaces, a plurality of second surfaces and a plurality of third surfaces. The third surface is substantially perpendicular to the first surface and the second surface. The first surface and the second surface are alternately arranged along the arrangement direction. The three surfaces are respectively connected between the corresponding first surface and the corresponding second surface so that the first surface, the second surface and the third surface form a ladder shape. The first tire is distributed on the first surface. The second tires are distributed on the second surface and are staggered from the first tires along the arrangement direction. Each of the second tires is connected to the adjacent first tire.

在本發明一或多個實施方式中，上述之第一輪胎中每一者包含第一上環狀部、第一下環狀部以及第一壁體。第一壁體連接於第一上環狀部與第一下環狀部之間。第二輪胎中每一者包含第二上環狀部、第二下環狀部以及第二壁體。第二壁體連接於第二上環狀部與第二下環狀部之間。第二下環狀部至少部分抵接兩相鄰之第一上環狀部。In one or more embodiments of the present invention, each of the above-mentioned first tires includes a first upper annular portion, a first lower annular portion and a first wall. The first wall body is connected between the first upper annular part and the first lower annular part. Each of the second tires includes a second upper annular portion, a second lower annular portion, and a second wall. The second wall body is connected between the second upper annular part and the second lower annular part. The second lower annular portion at least partially abuts the two adjacent first upper annular portions.

在本發明一或多個實施方式中，上述之生態護坡結構更包含複數個連接件。連接件分別包含兩杆部以及連接部。杆部配置以穿越對應之第二下環狀部與兩相鄰之第一上環狀部，連接部連接於杆部之間。In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned ecological slope protection structure further includes a plurality of connectors. The connecting piece respectively includes two rod parts and a connecting part. The rod portion is configured to pass through the corresponding second lower annular portion and two adjacent first upper annular portions, and the connecting portion is connected between the rod portions.

在本發明一或多個實施方式中，上述之生態護坡結構更包含複數個第一固定件以及複數個第二固定件。第一固定件中每一者配置以抵接對應之第一下環狀部之內緣，並至少部分***對應之第一表面。第二固定件中每一者配置以抵接對應之第二下環狀部之內緣，並至少部分***對應之第二表面。In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned ecological slope protection structure further includes a plurality of first fixing parts and a plurality of second fixing parts. Each of the first fixing members is configured to abut the inner edge of the corresponding first lower annular portion and to be at least partially inserted into the corresponding first surface. Each of the second fixing members is configured to abut the inner edge of the corresponding second lower annular portion and to be at least partially inserted into the corresponding second surface.

在本發明一或多個實施方式中，上述之生態護坡結構更包含複數個第一營養土層、複數個第一環狀吸水層、複數個第一鵝卵石層、複數個第一深根系植物、複數個第二營養土層、複數個第二環狀吸水層、複數個第二鵝卵石層以及複數個第二深根系植物。第一營養土層分別被圍繞於對應之第一壁體內並至少部分抵接對應之第一表面。第一環狀吸水層設置於對應之第一營養土層與對應之第一下環狀部之間。第一營養土層中每一者設置於對應之第一鵝卵石層與對應之第一環狀吸水層之間。第一深根系植物分別植根於對應之第一營養土層並穿越對應之第一鵝卵石層。第二營養土層分別被圍繞於對應之第二壁體內並至少部分抵接對應之第二表面。第二環狀吸水層設置於對應之第二營養土層與對應之第二下環狀部之間。第二營養土層中每一者設置於對應之第二鵝卵石層與對應之第二環狀吸水層之間。第二深根系植物分別植根於對應之第二營養土層並穿越對應之第二鵝卵石層。In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned ecological slope protection structure further includes a plurality of first nutrient soil layers, a plurality of first annular water-absorbent layers, a plurality of first cobblestone layers, a plurality of first deep-rooted plants, A plurality of second nutrient soil layers, a plurality of second annular water-absorbing layers, a plurality of second pebble layers and a plurality of second deep-rooted plants. The first nutrient soil layer is respectively surrounded by the corresponding first wall and at least partially contacts the corresponding first surface. The first annular water-absorbing layer is disposed between the corresponding first nutrient soil layer and the corresponding first lower annular portion. Each of the first nutrient soil layers is provided between the corresponding first pebble layer and the corresponding first annular water-absorbing layer. The first deep-rooted plants are respectively rooted in the corresponding first nutrient soil layer and pass through the corresponding first cobblestone layer. The second nutrient soil layer is respectively surrounded by the corresponding second wall and at least partially contacts the corresponding second surface. The second annular water-absorbing layer is disposed between the corresponding second nutrient soil layer and the corresponding second lower annular portion. Each of the second nutrient soil layers is provided between the corresponding second pebble layer and the corresponding second annular water-absorbing layer. The second deep-rooted plants are respectively rooted in the corresponding second nutrient soil layer and pass through the corresponding second pebble layer.

本發明之目的之一在於提供一種生態護坡結構的建造方法，其能以低廉成本建造結構穩固的生態護坡結構以避免坡體的水土流失，從而預防地質災害，同時能對環境保護作出貢獻。One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a construction method of an ecological slope protection structure, which can construct a structurally stable ecological slope protection structure at low cost to avoid soil and water loss on the slope, thereby preventing geological disasters and at the same time contributing to environmental protection.

根據本發明的一實施方式，一種生態護坡結構的建造方法包含：（一）自下而上修整斜坡以形成坡體，坡體包含複數個第一表面、複數個第二表面以及複數個第三表面，第三表面實質上垂直於第一表面與第二表面，第一表面與第二表面沿排列方向交替排列，第三表面分別連接於對應之第一表面與對應之第二表面之間以使第一表面、第二表面以及第三表面形成階梯狀；（二）分佈複數個第一輪胎於第一表面；以及（三）分佈複數個第二輪胎於第二表面，並使第二輪胎與第一輪胎沿排列方向彼此錯開，而第二輪胎中每一者連接相鄰之第一輪胎。According to an embodiment of the present invention, a construction method of an ecological slope protection structure includes: (1) trimming the slope from bottom to top to form a slope body, the slope body including a plurality of first surfaces, a plurality of second surfaces and a plurality of third surfaces. surface, the third surface is substantially perpendicular to the first surface and the second surface, the first surface and the second surface are alternately arranged along the arrangement direction, and the third surface is respectively connected between the corresponding first surface and the corresponding second surface. Forming the first surface, the second surface and the third surface into a stepped shape; (2) distributing a plurality of first tires on the first surface; and (3) distributing a plurality of second tires on the second surface, and making the second tires The first tires are staggered from each other along the arrangement direction, and each of the second tires is connected to the adjacent first tire.

在本發明一或多個實施方式中，上述之第一輪胎中每一者包含第一上環狀部、第一下環狀部以及第一壁體。第一壁體連接於第一上環狀部與第一下環狀部之間。第二輪胎中每一者包含第二上環狀部、第二下環狀部以及第二壁體。第二壁體連接於第二上環狀部與第二下環狀部之間。第二輪胎中每一者連接相鄰之第一輪胎之步驟更包含：以第二下環狀部至少部分抵接兩相鄰之第一上環狀部。In one or more embodiments of the present invention, each of the above-mentioned first tires includes a first upper annular portion, a first lower annular portion and a first wall. The first wall body is connected between the first upper annular part and the first lower annular part. Each of the second tires includes a second upper annular portion, a second lower annular portion, and a second wall. The second wall body is connected between the second upper annular part and the second lower annular part. The step of connecting each of the second tires to the adjacent first tires further includes: using the second lower annular portion to at least partially abut two adjacent first upper annular portions.

在本發明一或多個實施方式中，上述之方法更包含：（四）以複數個第一固定件分別抵接對應之第一下環狀部之內緣，並至少部分***對應之第一表面；以及（五）以複數個第二固定件分別抵接對應之第二下環狀部之內緣，並至少部分***對應之第二表面。In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the above method further includes: (4) using a plurality of first fixing members to respectively contact the inner edge of the corresponding first lower annular portion, and at least partially insert the corresponding first fixing member into the inner edge of the corresponding first lower annular portion. surface; and (5) using a plurality of second fixing members to respectively contact the inner edge of the corresponding second lower annular portion and at least partially insert into the corresponding second surface.

在本發明一或多個實施方式中，上述之方法更包含：以複數個連接件分別連接對應之第二下環狀部與兩相鄰之第一上環狀部。連接件中每一者包含兩杆部以及連接部，杆部配置以穿越對應之第二下環狀部與兩相鄰之第一上環狀部，連接部連接於杆部之間。In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the above method further includes: connecting the corresponding second lower annular portion and two adjacent first upper annular portions with a plurality of connectors. Each of the connecting pieces includes two rod portions and a connecting portion. The rod portion is configured to pass through the corresponding second lower annular portion and two adjacent first upper annular portions. The connecting portion is connected between the rod portions.

在本發明一或多個實施方式中，上述之方法更包含：（六）分別設置複數個第一環狀吸水層以及複數個第二環狀吸水層於第一下環狀部與第二下環狀部上；（七）分別設置複數個第一營養土層以及複數個第二營養土層於第一環狀吸水層與第二環狀吸水層上，並使第一營養土層以及第二營養土層分別至少部分抵接對應之第一表面及對應之第二表面；（八）分別於第一營養土層與第二營養土層植根至少一第一深根系植物以及至少一第二深根系植物；以及（九）分別設置複數個第一鵝卵石層以及複數個第二鵝卵石層於第一營養土層與第二營養土層上。In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the above method further includes: (6) respectively arranging a plurality of first annular water-absorbing layers and a plurality of second annular water-absorbing layers on the first lower annular part and the second lower part. on the annular part; (7) Set a plurality of first nutrient soil layers and a plurality of second nutrient soil layers on the first annular water-absorbing layer and the second annular water-absorbing layer, and make the first nutrient soil layer and the second annular water-absorbing layer The two nutrient soil layers are at least partially in contact with the corresponding first surface and the corresponding second surface; (8) At least one first deep-rooted plant and at least one second nutrient soil layer are respectively planted in the first nutrient soil layer and the second nutrient soil layer. two deep-rooted plants; and (9) setting a plurality of first cobblestone layers and a plurality of second cobblestone layers on the first nutrient soil layer and the second nutrient soil layer.

本發明上述實施方式至少具有以下優點：The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages:

（1）由於汽車廢棄輪胎無需通過任何的加工處理便可直接作為第一輪胎與第二輪胎使用，因此，這除了可解決以往廢棄輪胎處理帶來的環境污染問題外，同時可使生態護坡結構的建造過程獲得安裝方便、工作效率高、成本低廉及經濟環保等好處。(1) Since waste automobile tires can be directly used as the first and second tires without any processing, this can not only solve the environmental pollution problems caused by the disposal of waste tires in the past, but also make the ecological slope protection structure The construction process has the advantages of convenient installation, high work efficiency, low cost, economy and environmental protection.

（2）由於第一深根系植物及第二深根系植物的種類可以交錯的方式選擇，而第一深根系植物及第二深根系植物可作為生態錨釘以形成複合保護層，使得生態護坡結構更為穩固，因此，生態護坡結構無需人工養護，且能增加生態效益和景觀美感。(2) Since the types of first deep-rooted plants and second-deep-rooted plants can be selected in a staggered manner, the first deep-rooted plants and the second deep-rooted plants can be used as ecological anchors to form a composite protective layer, making the ecological slope protection structure It is more stable. Therefore, the ecological slope protection structure does not require artificial maintenance and can increase ecological benefits and landscape beauty.

（3）由於第一輪胎內設有第一環狀吸水層、第一營養土層及第一鵝卵石層等填充物，且更種植了第一深根系植物，因此第一輪胎的整體重量能得以有效提升，有助於固定於坡體上，並且，藉由第一輪胎的彈性表面，除了可產生擋土牆的防護作用外，也可使第一輪胎成為可抵擋水流的消力器。相似地，由於第二輪胎內設有第二環狀吸水層、第二營養土層及第二鵝卵石層等填充物，且更種植了第二深根系植物，因此第二輪胎的整體重量能得以有效提升，有助於固定於坡體上，並且，藉由第二輪胎的彈性表面，除了可產生擋土牆的防護作用外，也可使第二輪胎成為可抵擋水流的消力器。如此一來，藉由這些彼此連接的消力器，生態護坡結構能提升總體的消能效率，避免坡體的水土流失。(3) Since the first tire is equipped with fillers such as the first annular water-absorbing layer, the first nutrient soil layer, and the first pebble layer, and the first deep-rooted plants are planted, the overall weight of the first tire can be reduced. Effective lifting helps to fix it on the slope, and through the elastic surface of the first tire, in addition to the protective effect of the retaining wall, the first tire can also become a static device that can withstand water flow. Similarly, since the second tire is provided with fillers such as a second annular water-absorbent layer, a second nutrient soil layer, and a second pebble layer, and a second deep-rooted plant is planted, the overall weight of the second tire can be reduced. Effective lifting helps to fix it on the slope, and through the elastic surface of the second tire, in addition to the protective effect of the retaining wall, the second tire can also become a static device that can withstand water flow. In this way, through these interconnected stilling devices, the ecological slope protection structure can improve the overall energy dissipation efficiency and avoid soil and water loss on the slope.

（4）彼此連接的第一輪胎及第二輪胎，形成了相對坡體的內外雙向具備彈性緩衝的限制結構，避免了在水旁的坡體向水一側發生水土流失，也同時防止了背水一側由於降水而引起土石膨脹造成的泥石流等災害。(4) The first tire and the second tire connected to each other form a restriction structure with elastic buffering in both the inner and outer directions of the relative slope, which avoids soil erosion on the water side of the slope next to the water, and also prevents the back of the water. Disasters such as mudslides caused by soil and rock expansion caused by precipitation on one side.

（5）由於第一輪胎及第二輪胎堆疊於坡體階梯狀的結構上，第一輪胎及第二輪胎能排列成可連續消耗水流能量的階梯，而受限於第一輪胎及第二輪胎的表面寬度，生態護坡結構可有效避免因台階較高引起下跌水流能量較大，而出現階梯式護坡總體消能率降低、沖刷加劇的情況。(5) Since the first tire and the second tire are stacked on the sloped stepped structure, the first tire and the second tire can be arranged into a ladder that can continuously consume water flow energy, but are limited by the first tire and the second tire. The surface width of the stepped slope protection structure can effectively avoid the situation where the overall energy dissipation rate of the stepped slope protection is reduced and the erosion is intensified due to the high energy of the falling water flow caused by the high steps.

以下將以圖式揭露本發明之複數個實施方式，為明確說明起見，許多實務上的細節將在以下敘述中一併說明。然而，應瞭解到，這些實務上的細節不應用以限制本發明。也就是說，在本發明部分實施方式中，這些實務上的細節是非必要的。此外，為簡化圖式起見，一些習知慣用的結構與元件在圖式中將以簡單示意的方式繪示之，而在所有圖式中，相同的標號將用於表示相同或相似的元件。且若實施上為可能，不同實施例的特徵係可以交互應用。A plurality of embodiments of the present invention will be disclosed in the drawings below. For clarity of explanation, many practical details will be explained in the following description. However, it will be understood that these practical details should not limit the invention. That is to say, in some embodiments of the present invention, these practical details are not necessary. In addition, for the sake of simplifying the drawings, some commonly used structures and components are illustrated in the drawings in a simple schematic manner, and the same reference numerals are used to represent the same or similar components in all the drawings. . And if possible in implementation, features of different embodiments can be applied interchangeably.

除非另有定義，本文所使用的所有詞彙（包括技術和科學術語）具有其通常的意涵，其意涵係能夠被熟悉此領域者所理解。更進一步的說，上述之詞彙在普遍常用之字典中之定義，在本說明書的內容中應被解讀為與本發明相關領域一致的意涵。除非有特別明確定義，這些詞彙將不被解釋為理想化的或過於正式的意涵。Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have their ordinary meanings that can be understood by one familiar with the art. Furthermore, the definitions of the above-mentioned words in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as meanings consistent with the relevant fields of the present invention in the content of this specification. Unless specifically defined, these terms will not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning.

請參照第1圖。第1圖為繪示依照本發明一實施方式之生態護坡結構100的側視圖。本發明提供生態護坡結構100以及建造生態護坡結構100的方法，詳細請見下述。Please refer to picture 1. Figure 1 is a side view of an ecological slope protection structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention provides an ecological slope protection structure 100 and a method for constructing the ecological slope protection structure 100. Please refer to the following for details.

請參照第2圖。第2圖為繪示依照本發明一實施方式之生態護坡結構100的建造方法500的流程圖。在本實施方式中，如第2圖所示，建造方法500包含下列步驟（應了解到，在一些實施方式中所提及的步驟，除特別敘明其順序者外，均可依實際需要調整其前後順序，甚至可同時或部分同時執行）：Please refer to picture 2. Figure 2 is a flow chart illustrating a construction method 500 of the ecological slope protection structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the construction method 500 includes the following steps (it should be understood that the steps mentioned in some embodiments, unless their order is specifically stated, can be adjusted according to actual needs. The sequence before and after can even be executed simultaneously or partially simultaneously):

（1）自下而上修整斜坡110’以形成坡體110（步驟510）。請參照第3～4圖。第3～4圖為繪示第2圖的生態護坡結構100的建造方法500的過程示意圖，其中斜坡110’自下而上被修整以形成坡體110。舉例而言，斜坡110’可為寬度與高度分別為5米及2米左右而斜度約為25度的山坡、水岸護坡、堤壩或河道護坡等易於長期受水流沖刷的土質區域，但本發明並不以此為限。具體而言，如第3～4圖所示，坡體110包含複數個第一表面111、複數個第二表面112以及複數個第三表面113，第三表面113實質上垂直於第一表面111與第二表面112，第一表面111與第二表面112沿排列方向DA交替排列，而第三表面113分別連接於對應之第一表面111與對應之第二表面112之間以使第一表面111、第二表面112以及第三表面113形成階梯狀。舉例而言，坡體110可具有10個台階，但本發明並不以此為限。(1) Trim the slope 110' from bottom to top to form the slope body 110 (step 510). Please refer to Figures 3 to 4. Figures 3 to 4 are process schematic diagrams illustrating the construction method 500 of the ecological slope protection structure 100 in Figure 2, in which the slope 110' is trimmed from bottom to top to form the slope body 110. For example, the slope 110' can be a hillside with a width and height of about 5 meters and a height of about 2 meters and a slope of about 25 degrees, a water bank slope protection, a dam or a river slope protection, and other soil areas that are easily washed away by water flow for a long time. However, this Inventions are not limited to this. Specifically, as shown in Figures 3 to 4, the slope body 110 includes a plurality of first surfaces 111, a plurality of second surfaces 112 and a plurality of third surfaces 113. The third surfaces 113 are substantially perpendicular to the first surfaces 111. With the second surface 112, the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are alternately arranged along the arrangement direction DA, and the third surface 113 is respectively connected between the corresponding first surface 111 and the corresponding second surface 112 so that the first surface 111, the second surface 112 and the third surface 113 form a step shape. For example, the slope body 110 may have 10 steps, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

（2）分佈複數個第一輪胎120於坡體110的第一表面111，並分佈複數個第二輪胎130於坡體110的第二表面112，且使第二輪胎130與第一輪胎120沿排列方向DA彼此錯開，而第二輪胎130連接相鄰之第一輪胎120（步驟520）。請參照第5～6圖。第5圖為繪示第4圖的生態護坡結構100的側視圖，其中第一輪胎120與第二輪胎130已分佈於坡體110上。第6圖為繪示第5圖的生態護坡結構100的局部上視圖。具體而言，如第5～6圖所示，第一輪胎120分佈於坡體110的第一表面111，而第二輪胎130則分佈於坡體110的第二表面112。再者，如第6圖所示，第二輪胎130與第一輪胎120沿排列方向DA彼此錯開，而第二輪胎130連接相鄰之第一輪胎120。由於第二輪胎130與第一輪胎120沿排列方向DA彼此錯開，因此，當在坡體110上出現水流時，水流能夠更好地分散。在實務的應用中，第二輪胎130與第一輪胎120之間的間隙中更可以土石填充。(2) Distribute a plurality of first tires 120 on the first surface 111 of the slope 110 and distribute a plurality of second tires 130 on the second surface 112 of the slope 110 so that the second tires 130 are aligned with the first tires 120 The arrangement directions DA are staggered from each other, and the second tires 130 connect the adjacent first tires 120 (step 520 ). Please refer to Figures 5 to 6. Figure 5 is a side view of the ecological slope protection structure 100 of Figure 4 , in which the first tires 120 and the second tires 130 have been distributed on the slope body 110 . Figure 6 is a partial top view of the ecological slope protection structure 100 of Figure 5 . Specifically, as shown in Figures 5-6, the first tires 120 are distributed on the first surface 111 of the slope 110, and the second tires 130 are distributed on the second surface 112 of the slope 110. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6 , the second tires 130 and the first tires 120 are staggered from each other along the arrangement direction DA, and the second tires 130 connect the adjacent first tires 120 . Since the second tire 130 and the first tire 120 are staggered from each other along the arrangement direction DA, when water flow occurs on the slope 110 , the water flow can be better dispersed. In practical applications, the gap between the second tire 130 and the first tire 120 can be filled with earth and rocks.

具體而言，如第4圖所示，坡體110的第一表面111沿排列方向DA具有第一寬度W1，第一寬度W1大於第一輪胎120之半徑而小於第一輪胎120之直徑。相似地，坡體110的第二表面112沿排列方向DA具有第二寬度W2，第二寬度W2亦大於第二輪胎130之半徑而小於第二輪胎130之直徑。在實務的應用中，第一寬度W1相同於第二寬度W2，而第一寬度W1與第二寬度W2例如皆為40釐米，第一輪胎120與第二輪胎130的直徑則皆為60釐米。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 , the first surface 111 of the slope body 110 has a first width W1 along the arrangement direction DA. The first width W1 is larger than the radius of the first tire 120 but smaller than the diameter of the first tire 120 . Similarly, the second surface 112 of the slope body 110 has a second width W2 along the arrangement direction DA. The second width W2 is also larger than the radius of the second tire 130 but smaller than the diameter of the second tire 130 . In practical applications, the first width W1 is the same as the second width W2, and the first width W1 and the second width W2 are both 40 cm, for example, and the diameters of the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 are both 60 cm.

進一步而言，如第3～5圖所示，坡體110更包含第四表面114，第四表面114實質上平行於第一表面111及第二表面112，第三表面113連接於最底層的第一表面111與第四表面114之間，而最底層的第一表面111、第三表面113與第四表面114亦形成階梯狀，亦即第四表面114為坡體110的最低表面，以讓第一輪胎120或第二輪胎130設置於其上。在實務的應用中，如第4圖所示，第四表面114沿排列方向DA具有第三寬度W3，第三寬度W3大於第一輪胎120或第二輪胎130的直徑。舉例而言，第三寬度W3約為100釐米。Furthermore, as shown in Figures 3 to 5, the slope body 110 further includes a fourth surface 114. The fourth surface 114 is substantially parallel to the first surface 111 and the second surface 112. The third surface 113 is connected to the bottom surface. Between the first surface 111 and the fourth surface 114, the first surface 111, the third surface 113 and the fourth surface 114 of the lowest layer also form a step shape, that is, the fourth surface 114 is the lowest surface of the slope body 110. Let the first tire 120 or the second tire 130 be disposed thereon. In practical applications, as shown in FIG. 4 , the fourth surface 114 has a third width W3 along the arrangement direction DA, and the third width W3 is larger than the diameter of the first tire 120 or the second tire 130 . For example, the third width W3 is approximately 100 cm.

再者，在實務的應用中，第一輪胎120與第二輪胎130皆為汽車廢棄輪胎，而第一輪胎120之外形尺寸相同於第二輪胎130之外形尺寸，且坡體110的第三表面113的高度大致相同於第一輪胎120及第二輪胎130的高度。舉例而言，第一輪胎120及第二輪胎130的高度與第三表面113的高度皆約為20釐米。實際上，第一輪胎120及第二輪胎130的高度分別為胎冠尺寸。Furthermore, in practical applications, the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 are both discarded automobile tires, and the outer dimensions of the first tire 120 are the same as the outer dimensions of the second tire 130 , and the third surface of the slope body 110 The height of 113 is substantially the same as the height of the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 . For example, the heights of the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 and the height of the third surface 113 are both about 20 cm. In fact, the heights of the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 are respectively the crown size.

值得注意的是，由於汽車廢棄輪胎無需通過任何的加工處理便可直接作為第一輪胎120與第二輪胎130使用，因此，這除了可解決以往廢棄輪胎處理帶來的環境污染問題外，同時可使生態護坡結構100的建造過程獲得安裝方便、工作效率高、成本低廉及經濟環保等好處。It is worth noting that since the discarded automobile tires can be directly used as the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 without any processing, this can not only solve the environmental pollution problem caused by the disposal of discarded tires in the past, but also can The construction process of the ecological slope protection structure 100 achieves the advantages of convenient installation, high work efficiency, low cost, economy and environmental protection.

進一步而言，建造方法500更包含下列步驟：Furthermore, the construction method 500 further includes the following steps:

（3）以複數個第一固定件150分別抵接對應之第一下環狀部122之內緣，並至少部分***對應之第一表面111（步驟530）。請參照第7圖。第7圖為繪示第5圖沿線段A-A的剖面圖。如第7圖所示，第一輪胎120包含第一上環狀部121、第一下環狀部122以及第一壁體123。第一壁體123連接於第一上環狀部121與第一下環狀部122之間。再者，如第6～7圖所示，生態護坡結構100更包含複數個第一固定件150，第一固定件150抵接第一下環狀部122之內緣，並至少部分***坡體110的第一表面111。如此一來，第一輪胎120相對坡體110的位置能得以固定。具體而言，第一固定件150可為固定釘，而固定釘的一半釘入坡體110的第一表面111，另一半則外露於坡體110的第一表面111外。在實務的應用中，第一固定件150的材料可以是金屬的。然而，根據實際狀況，第一固定件150的材料也可以是非金屬的，以避免第一固定件150因生銹而損壞的疑慮。(3) A plurality of first fixing members 150 are respectively contacted with the inner edge of the corresponding first lower annular portion 122 and at least partially inserted into the corresponding first surface 111 (step 530). Please refer to Figure 7. Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 5 . As shown in FIG. 7 , the first tire 120 includes a first upper annular portion 121 , a first lower annular portion 122 and a first wall 123 . The first wall 123 is connected between the first upper annular portion 121 and the first lower annular portion 122 . Furthermore, as shown in Figures 6-7, the ecological slope protection structure 100 further includes a plurality of first fixing parts 150. The first fixing parts 150 abut the inner edge of the first lower annular part 122 and are at least partially inserted into the slope body. first surface 111 of 110 . In this way, the position of the first tire 120 relative to the slope body 110 can be fixed. Specifically, the first fixing member 150 can be a fixing nail, and half of the fixing nail is driven into the first surface 111 of the slope body 110 , and the other half is exposed outside the first surface 111 of the slope body 110 . In practical applications, the material of the first fixing member 150 may be metal. However, depending on the actual situation, the material of the first fixing part 150 may also be non-metallic to avoid the concern that the first fixing part 150 is damaged due to rust.

（4）以複數個第二固定件160分別抵接對應之第二下環狀部132之內緣，並至少部分***對應之第二表面112（步驟540）。請參照第8圖。第8圖為繪示第5圖沿線段B-B的剖面圖。如第8圖所示，第二輪胎130包含第二上環狀部131、第二下環狀部132以及第二壁體133。第二壁體133連接於第二上環狀部131與第二下環狀部132之間。再者，如第6、8圖所示，生態護坡結構100更包含複數個第二固定件160。相似於第一固定件150，第二固定件160抵接第二下環狀部132之內緣，並至少部分***坡體110的第二表面112。如此一來，第二輪胎130相對坡體110的位置能得以固定。具體而言，第二固定件160可相同於第一固定件150，且第二固定件160亦為固定釘，而固定釘的一半釘入坡體110的第二表面112，另一半則外露於坡體110的第二表面112外。相似地，在實務的應用中，第二固定件160的材料可以是金屬的。然而，根據實際狀況，第二固定件160的材料也可以是非金屬的，以避免第二固定件160因生銹而損壞的疑慮。(4) A plurality of second fixing members 160 are respectively contacted with the inner edge of the corresponding second lower annular portion 132 and at least partially inserted into the corresponding second surface 112 (step 540). Please refer to Figure 8. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view along line B-B in Figure 5 . As shown in FIG. 8 , the second tire 130 includes a second upper annular portion 131 , a second lower annular portion 132 and a second wall 133 . The second wall 133 is connected between the second upper annular portion 131 and the second lower annular portion 132 . Furthermore, as shown in Figures 6 and 8, the ecological slope protection structure 100 further includes a plurality of second fixing members 160. Similar to the first fixing member 150 , the second fixing member 160 abuts the inner edge of the second lower annular portion 132 and is at least partially inserted into the second surface 112 of the slope body 110 . In this way, the position of the second tire 130 relative to the slope body 110 can be fixed. Specifically, the second fixing part 160 can be the same as the first fixing part 150, and the second fixing part 160 is also a fixing nail, and half of the fixing nail is driven into the second surface 112 of the slope body 110, and the other half is exposed on Outside the second surface 112 of the slope body 110 . Similarly, in practical applications, the material of the second fixing member 160 may be metal. However, depending on actual conditions, the material of the second fixing member 160 may also be non-metallic to avoid the concern that the second fixing member 160 is damaged due to rust.

（5）以複數個連接件140分別連接對應之第二下環狀部132與兩相鄰之第一上環狀部121（步驟550）。請參照第9圖。第9圖為繪示第5圖沿線段C-C的局部放大剖面圖。如第9圖所示，第二輪胎130的第二下環狀部132至少部分抵接兩相鄰之第一輪胎120的第一上環狀部121。再者，生態護坡結構100更包含複數個連接件140，連接件140包含兩杆部141以及連接部142，杆部141配置以穿越第二輪胎130的第二下環狀部132與兩相鄰之第一輪胎120的第一上環狀部121，而連接部142連接於杆部141之間。如此一來，第一輪胎120與第二輪胎130的相對位置能得以固定。具體而言，連接件140可為扒釘，而扒釘兩端各自具有一個直角彎折段，分別穿越第二輪胎130的第二下環狀部132與兩相鄰之第一輪胎120的第一上環狀部121。同理，連接件140亦應用於連接第一輪胎120與兩相鄰之第二輪胎130，而連接方式相同於上述的具體內容，在此不再贅述。在實務的應用中，連接件140的材料可以是金屬的。然而，根據實際狀況，連接件140的材料也可以是非金屬的，以避免連接件140因生銹而損壞的疑慮。(5) Use a plurality of connectors 140 to connect the corresponding second lower annular portion 132 and the two adjacent first upper annular portions 121 (step 550). Please refer to Figure 9. Figure 9 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view along line segment C-C in Figure 5. As shown in FIG. 9 , the second lower annular portion 132 of the second tire 130 at least partially abuts the first upper annular portions 121 of the two adjacent first tires 120 . Furthermore, the ecological slope protection structure 100 further includes a plurality of connectors 140. The connector 140 includes two rod portions 141 and a connecting portion 142. The rod portion 141 is configured to pass through the second lower annular portion 132 of the second tire 130 and two adjacent ones. The first upper annular portion 121 of the first tire 120 is connected to the connecting portion 142 between the rod portions 141 . In this way, the relative position of the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 can be fixed. Specifically, the connecting member 140 can be a nail, and each of the two ends of the nail has a right-angle bending section, respectively passing through the second lower annular portion 132 of the second tire 130 and the second portion of the two adjacent first tires 120. An upper annular portion 121. Similarly, the connecting member 140 is also used to connect the first tire 120 and two adjacent second tires 130, and the connection method is the same as the above-mentioned specific content, which will not be described again here. In practical applications, the material of the connecting member 140 may be metal. However, depending on the actual situation, the material of the connecting member 140 may also be non-metallic to avoid the concern that the connecting member 140 is damaged due to rust.

（6）分別設置複數個第一環狀吸水層172以及複數個第二環狀吸水層182於第一下環狀部122與第二下環狀部132上（步驟560）。請參照第10～11圖。第10圖為繪示第5～6圖的第一輪胎120的剖面圖，其中第一深根系植物174已植根於其中。第11圖為繪示第5～6圖的第二輪胎130的剖面圖，其中第二深根系植物184已植根於其中。在實務的應用中，第一下環狀部122與第二下環狀部132分別為第一輪胎120及第二輪胎130的胎側，胎側呈環形，而如第10～11圖所示，第一環狀吸水層172及第二環狀吸水層182分別填充於第一輪胎120及第二輪胎130的胎側的凹陷部分。(6) Set a plurality of first annular water-absorbing layers 172 and a plurality of second annular water-absorbing layers 182 on the first lower annular part 122 and the second lower annular part 132 (step 560). Please refer to Figures 10-11. Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the first tire 120 of Figures 5-6, in which the first deep-rooted plant 174 has been rooted. Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the second tire 130 of Figures 5-6, in which the second deep-rooted plant 184 has been rooted. In practical applications, the first lower annular portion 122 and the second lower annular portion 132 are the sidewalls of the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 respectively, and the sidewalls are annular, as shown in Figures 10-11 , the first annular water-absorbent layer 172 and the second annular water-absorbent layer 182 are respectively filled in the recessed portions of the sidewalls of the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 .

（7）分別設置複數個第一營養土層171以及複數個第二營養土層181於第一環狀吸水層172與第二環狀吸水層182上（步驟570）。如第10圖所示，第一營養土層171被圍繞於第一輪胎120的第一壁體123內並至少部分抵接坡體110的第一表面111，且第一環狀吸水層172設置於第一營養土層171與第一輪胎120的第一下環狀部122之間。如第11圖所示，第二營養土層181被圍繞於第二輪胎130的第二壁體133內並至少部分抵接坡體110的第二表面112，且第二環狀吸水層182設置於第二營養土層181與第二輪胎130的第二下環狀部132之間。(7) Set a plurality of first nutrient soil layers 171 and a plurality of second nutrient soil layers 181 on the first annular water-absorbing layer 172 and the second annular water-absorbing layer 182 (step 570). As shown in Figure 10, the first nutrient soil layer 171 is surrounded within the first wall 123 of the first tire 120 and at least partially contacts the first surface 111 of the slope 110, and the first annular water-absorbent layer 172 is provided Between the first nutrient soil layer 171 and the first lower annular portion 122 of the first tire 120 . As shown in Figure 11, the second nutrient soil layer 181 is surrounded by the second wall 133 of the second tire 130 and at least partially abuts the second surface 112 of the slope 110, and the second annular water-absorbent layer 182 is provided Between the second nutrient soil layer 181 and the second lower annular portion 132 of the second tire 130 .

（8）分別於第一營養土層171與第二營養土層181植根至少一第一深根系植物174以及至少一第二深根系植物184（步驟580）。舉例而言，第一深根系植物174以及第二深根系植物184可為根系發達樹木，或是深根系喬灌木。如第10～11圖所示，由於第一深根系植物174及第二深根系植物184分別植根於第一營養土層171及第二營養土層181，因此第一深根系植物174及第二深根系植物184分別可從第一營養土層171及第二營養土層181攝取營養，有利其生長。在實務的應用中，第一深根系植物174及第二深根系植物184的種類可以交錯的方式選擇，而第一深根系植物174及第二深根系植物184可作為生態錨釘以形成複合保護層，使得生態護坡結構100更為穩固。如此一來，生態護坡結構100無需人工養護，且能增加生態效益和景觀美感。(8) Plant at least one first deep-rooted plant 174 and at least one second deep-rooted plant 184 in the first nutrient soil layer 171 and the second nutrient soil layer 181 respectively (step 580). For example, the first deep-rooted plants 174 and the second deep-rooted plants 184 may be trees with developed root systems or deep-rooted trees and shrubs. As shown in Figures 10 and 11, since the first deep-rooted plant 174 and the second deep-rooted plant 184 are respectively rooted in the first nutrient soil layer 171 and the second nutrient soil layer 181, the first deep-rooted plant 174 and the second deep-rooted plant 174 are respectively rooted in the first nutrient soil layer 171 and the second nutrient soil layer 181. The two deep-rooted plants 184 can absorb nutrients from the first nutrient soil layer 171 and the second nutrient soil layer 181 respectively, which is beneficial to their growth. In practical applications, the types of the first deep-rooted plants 174 and the second deep-rooted plants 184 can be selected in a staggered manner, and the first deep-rooted plants 174 and the second deep-rooted plants 184 can be used as ecological anchors to form composite protection. layer, making the ecological slope protection structure 100 more stable. In this way, the ecological slope protection structure 100 does not require manual maintenance, and can increase ecological benefits and landscape beauty.

（9）分別設置複數個第一鵝卵石層173以及複數個第二鵝卵石層183於第一營養土層171與第二營養土層181上（步驟590）。如第10圖所示，第一鵝卵石層173圍繞第一深根系植物174而設置，且第一營養土層171設置於第一鵝卵石層173與第一環狀吸水層172之間。如第11圖所示，第二鵝卵石層183圍繞第二深根系植物184而設置，且第二營養土層181設置於第二鵝卵石層183與第二環狀吸水層182之間。具體而言，第一鵝卵石層173與第二鵝卵石層183的厚度分別為約2.0～3.0釐米，而第一鵝卵石層173與第二鵝卵石層183分別低於第一輪胎120的第一上環狀部121及第二輪胎130的第二上環狀部131，亦即第一鵝卵石層173與第二鵝卵石層183分別分別位於第一輪胎120及第二輪胎130內，而不凸出於第一輪胎120及第二輪胎130外。藉由第一鵝卵石層173與第二鵝卵石層183分別覆蓋於第一營養土層171及第二營養土層181，可有效減少第一營養土層171及第二營養土層181從表面被漫過臺階的水流沖刷。(9) Set a plurality of first cobblestone layers 173 and a plurality of second cobblestone layers 183 on the first nutrient soil layer 171 and the second nutrient soil layer 181 respectively (step 590). As shown in FIG. 10 , the first cobblestone layer 173 is provided around the first deep-rooted plant 174 , and the first nutrient soil layer 171 is provided between the first cobblestone layer 173 and the first annular water-absorbent layer 172 . As shown in FIG. 11 , the second cobblestone layer 183 is provided around the second deep-rooted plant 184 , and the second nutrient soil layer 181 is provided between the second cobblestone layer 183 and the second annular water-absorbent layer 182 . Specifically, the thickness of the first cobblestone layer 173 and the second cobblestone layer 183 is about 2.0-3.0 cm respectively, and the first cobblestone layer 173 and the second cobblestone layer 183 are respectively lower than the first upper annular shape of the first tire 120 part 121 and the second upper annular part 131 of the second tire 130, that is, the first cobblestone layer 173 and the second cobblestone layer 183 are respectively located in the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 and do not protrude from the first tire. Outside the tire 120 and the second tire 130 . By covering the first nutrient soil layer 171 and the second nutrient soil layer 181 with the first cobblestone layer 173 and the second cobblestone layer 183 respectively, the diffusion of the first nutrient soil layer 171 and the second nutrient soil layer 181 from the surface can be effectively reduced. Water washes over the steps.

由於第一輪胎120內設有第一環狀吸水層172、第一營養土層171及第一鵝卵石層173等填充物，且更種植了第一深根系植物174，因此第一輪胎120的整體重量能得以有效提升，有助於固定於坡體110上，並且，藉由第一輪胎120的彈性表面，除了可產生擋土牆的防護作用外，也可使第一輪胎120成為可抵擋水流的消力器。相似地，由於第二輪胎130內設有第二環狀吸水層182、第二營養土層181及第二鵝卵石層183等填充物，且更種植了第二深根系植物184，因此第二輪胎130的整體重量能得以有效提升，有助於固定於坡體110上，並且，藉由第二輪胎130的彈性表面，除了可產生擋土牆的防護作用外，也可使第二輪胎130成為可抵擋水流的消力器。如此一來，藉由這些彼此連接的消力器，生態護坡結構100能提升總體的消能效率，避免坡體110的水土流失。另外，第一固定件150、第二固定件160及連接件140皆被填充物所掩埋，因而能降低第一固定件150、第二固定件160或連接件140鬆脫的機會。而且，也由於第一固定件150、第二固定件160及連接件140皆被填充物所掩埋，因此從生態護坡結構100的外觀上不會看到第一固定件150、第二固定件160或連接件140，故能提升生態護坡結構100的整體美觀性。Since the first tire 120 is provided with fillers such as the first annular water-absorbing layer 172, the first nutrient soil layer 171, and the first pebble layer 173, and the first deep-rooted plants 174 are planted, the entire first tire 120 The weight can be effectively lifted, which helps to fix it on the slope 110. Moreover, the elastic surface of the first tire 120 can not only produce the protective effect of the retaining wall, but also can make the first tire 120 resistant to water flow. of stilling device. Similarly, since the second annular water-absorbing layer 182, the second nutrient soil layer 181, the second pebble layer 183 and other fillers are provided in the second tire 130, and the second deep-rooted plants 184 are planted, the second tire 130 is The overall weight of the tire 130 can be effectively increased, which helps to fix it on the slope 110. Moreover, through the elastic surface of the second tire 130, in addition to the protective effect of the retaining wall, the second tire 130 can also become a A stilling device that can withstand water flow. In this way, through these interconnected static absorbers, the ecological slope protection structure 100 can improve the overall energy dissipation efficiency and avoid soil erosion of the slope 110 . In addition, the first fixing part 150, the second fixing part 160 and the connecting part 140 are all buried by the filler, thereby reducing the chance of the first fixing part 150, the second fixing part 160 or the connecting part 140 becoming loose. Moreover, since the first fixing part 150 , the second fixing part 160 and the connecting part 140 are all buried by the filler, the first fixing part 150 and the second fixing part 160 cannot be seen from the appearance of the ecological slope protection structure 100 or connector 140, so the overall aesthetics of the ecological slope protection structure 100 can be improved.

再者，彼此連接的第一輪胎120及第二輪胎130，形成了相對坡體110的內外雙向具備彈性緩衝的限制結構，避免了在水旁的坡體110向水一側發生水土流失，也同時防止了背水一側由於降水而引起土石膨脹造成的泥石流等災害。Furthermore, the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 that are connected to each other form a limiting structure with elastic buffering in both directions of the slope 110 , which prevents soil erosion from occurring on the water side of the slope 110 next to the water. At the same time, it prevents disasters such as mudslides caused by soil and rock expansion caused by precipitation on the backwater side.

進一步而言，由於第一輪胎120及第二輪胎130堆疊於坡體110階梯狀的結構上，第一輪胎120及第二輪胎130能排列成可連續消耗水流能量的階梯，而受限於第一輪胎120及第二輪胎130的表面寬度，生態護坡結構100可有效避免因台階較高引起下跌水流能量較大，而出現階梯式護坡總體消能率降低、沖刷加劇的情況。Furthermore, since the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 are stacked on the stepped structure of the slope body 110, the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 can be arranged into steps that can continuously consume water flow energy, and are limited by the third The surface width of the first tire 120 and the second tire 130, the ecological slope protection structure 100 can effectively avoid the situation that the overall energy dissipation rate of the stepped slope protection is reduced and the erosion is intensified due to the higher energy of the falling water flow caused by the higher steps.

進一步而言，根據實際狀況，對於部分的第一輪胎120及／或第二輪胎130，可忽略步驟580。舉例而言，第一深根系植物174可以間隔的方式植根於第一輪胎120中，亦即位於兩相鄰已種植第一深根系植物174的第一輪胎120之間的第一輪胎120並没有植根第一深根系植物174於其中。另外，第二輪胎130亦可不植根第二深根系植物184於其中。Furthermore, according to actual conditions, step 580 may be omitted for part of the first tires 120 and/or the second tires 130 . For example, the first deep-rooted plants 174 can be planted in the first tires 120 at intervals, that is, the first tires 120 are located between two adjacent first tires 120 in which the first deep-rooted plants 174 have been planted. There is no deep rooted plant 174 in it. In addition, the second tire 130 may not have the second deep-rooted plant 184 planted therein.

另一方面，在旱季時，第一輪胎120及第二輪胎130可作為蓄水裝置，以儲存水份於其中。On the other hand, during the dry season, the first tire 120 and the second tire 130 can be used as water storage devices to store water therein.

綜上所述，本發明上述實施方式所揭露的技術方案至少具有以下優點：To sum up, the technical solutions disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages:

（1）由於汽車廢棄輪胎無需通過任何的加工處理便可直接作為第一輪胎與第二輪胎使用，因此，這除了可解決以往廢棄輪胎處理帶來的環境污染問題外，同時可使生態護坡結構的建造過程獲得安裝方便、工作效率高、成本低廉及經濟環保等好處。(1) Since waste automobile tires can be directly used as the first and second tires without any processing, this can not only solve the environmental pollution problems caused by the disposal of waste tires in the past, but also make the ecological slope protection structure The construction process has the advantages of convenient installation, high work efficiency, low cost, economy and environmental protection.

（2）由於第一深根系植物及第二深根系植物的種類可以交錯的方式選擇，而第一深根系植物及第二深根系植物可作為生態錨釘以形成複合保護層，使得生態護坡結構更為穩固，因此，生態護坡結構無需人工養護，且能增加生態效益和景觀美感。(2) Since the types of first deep-rooted plants and second-deep-rooted plants can be selected in a staggered manner, the first deep-rooted plants and the second deep-rooted plants can be used as ecological anchors to form a composite protective layer, making the ecological slope protection structure It is more stable. Therefore, the ecological slope protection structure does not require artificial maintenance and can increase ecological benefits and landscape beauty.

（3）由於第一輪胎內設有第一環狀吸水層、第一營養土層及第一鵝卵石層等填充物，且更種植了第一深根系植物，因此第一輪胎的整體重量能得以有效提升，有助於固定於坡體上，並且，藉由第一輪胎的彈性表面，除了可產生擋土牆的防護作用外，也可使第一輪胎成為可抵擋水流的消力器。相似地，由於第二輪胎內設有第二環狀吸水層、第二營養土層及第二鵝卵石層等填充物，且更種植了第二深根系植物，因此第二輪胎的整體重量能得以有效提升，有助於固定於坡體上，並且，藉由第二輪胎的彈性表面，除了可產生擋土牆的防護作用外，也可使第二輪胎成為可抵擋水流的消力器。如此一來，藉由這些彼此連接的消力器，生態護坡結構能提升總體的消能效率，避免坡體的水土流失。(3) Since the first tire is equipped with fillers such as the first annular water-absorbing layer, the first nutrient soil layer, and the first pebble layer, and the first deep-rooted plants are planted, the overall weight of the first tire can be reduced. Effective lifting helps to fix it on the slope, and through the elastic surface of the first tire, in addition to the protective effect of the retaining wall, the first tire can also become a static device that can withstand water flow. Similarly, since the second tire is provided with fillers such as a second annular water-absorbent layer, a second nutrient soil layer, and a second pebble layer, and a second deep-rooted plant is planted, the overall weight of the second tire can be reduced. Effective lifting helps to fix it on the slope, and through the elastic surface of the second tire, in addition to the protective effect of the retaining wall, the second tire can also become a static device that can withstand water flow. In this way, through these interconnected stilling devices, the ecological slope protection structure can improve the overall energy dissipation efficiency and avoid soil and water loss on the slope.

（4）彼此連接的第一輪胎及第二輪胎，形成了相對坡體的內外雙向具備彈性緩衝的限制結構，避免了在水旁的坡體向水一側發生水土流失，也同時防止了背水一側由於降水而引起土石膨脹造成的泥石流等災害。(4) The first tire and the second tire connected to each other form a restriction structure with elastic buffering in both the inner and outer directions of the relative slope, which avoids soil erosion on the water side of the slope next to the water, and also prevents the back of the water. Disasters such as mudslides caused by soil and rock expansion caused by precipitation on one side.

（5）由於第一輪胎及第二輪胎堆疊於坡體階梯狀的結構上，第一輪胎及第二輪胎能排列成可連續消耗水流能量的階梯，而受限於第一輪胎及第二輪胎的表面寬度，生態護坡結構可有效避免因台階較高引起下跌水流能量較大，而出現階梯式護坡總體消能率降低、沖刷加劇的情況。(5) Since the first tire and the second tire are stacked on the sloped stepped structure, the first tire and the second tire can be arranged into a ladder that can continuously consume water flow energy, but are limited by the first tire and the second tire. The surface width of the stepped slope protection structure can effectively avoid the situation where the overall energy dissipation rate of the stepped slope protection is reduced and the erosion is intensified due to the high energy of the falling water flow caused by the high steps.

雖然本發明已以實施方式揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make various modifications and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection of the present invention is The scope shall be determined by the appended patent application scope.

100:生態護坡結構 110:坡體 110’:斜坡 111:第一表面 112:第二表面 113:第三表面 114:第四表面 120:第一輪胎 121:第一上環狀部 122:第一下環狀部 123:第一壁體 130:第二輪胎 131:第二上環狀部 132:第二下環狀部 133:第二壁體 140:連接件 141:杆部 142:連接部 150:第一固定件 160:第二固定件 171:第一營養土層 172:第一環狀吸水層 173:第一鵝卵石層 174:第一深根系植物 181:第二營養土層 182:第二環狀吸水層 183:第二鵝卵石層 184:第二深根系植物 500:建造方法 A-A,B-B,C-C:線段 DA:排列方向 W1:第一寬度 W2:第二寬度 W3:第三寬度 100: Ecological slope protection structure 110:Slope body 110’: slope 111: First surface 112: Second surface 113:Third surface 114:Fourth surface 120:First Tire 121:First upper annular part 122:First lower annular part 123:First wall 130:Second tire 131:Second upper annular part 132:Second lower annular part 133:Second wall 140: Connector 141: Rod 142:Connection part 150:First fixing piece 160:Second fixing piece 171:The first nutrient soil layer 172: First annular water-absorbing layer 173: First cobblestone layer 174: The first deep-rooted plant 181:Second nutrient soil layer 182: Second annular water absorption layer 183: Second cobblestone layer 184: The second deepest root system plant 500:Construction method A-A,B-B,C-C: line segments DA: Arrangement direction W1: first width W2: second width W3: third width

第1圖為繪示依照本發明一實施方式之生態護坡結構的側視圖。 第2圖為繪示依照本發明一實施方式之生態護坡結構的建造方法的流程圖。 第3～4圖為繪示第2圖的生態護坡結構的建造方法的過程示意圖，其中斜坡自下而上被修整以形成坡體。 第5圖為繪示第4圖的生態護坡結構的側視圖，其中第一輪胎與第二輪胎已分佈於坡體上。 第6圖為繪示第5圖的生態護坡結構的局部上視圖。 第7圖為繪示第5圖沿線段A-A的剖面圖。 第8圖為繪示第5圖沿線段B-B的剖面圖。 第9圖為繪示第5圖沿線段C-C的局部放大剖面圖。 第10圖為繪示第5～6圖的第一輪胎的剖面圖，其中第一深根系植物已植根於其中。 第11圖為繪示第5～6圖的第二輪胎的剖面圖，其中第二深根系植物已植根於其中。 Figure 1 is a side view of an ecological slope protection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a flow chart illustrating a construction method of an ecological slope protection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 3 to 4 are process diagrams illustrating the construction method of the ecological slope protection structure in Figure 2, in which the slope is trimmed from bottom to top to form a slope body. Figure 5 is a side view of the ecological slope protection structure of Figure 4, in which the first tire and the second tire have been distributed on the slope. Figure 6 is a partial top view of the ecological slope protection structure in Figure 5 . Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 5 . Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view along line B-B in Figure 5 . Figure 9 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view along line segment C-C in Figure 5. Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the first tire of Figures 5-6, in which the first deep-rooted plant has been rooted. Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the second tire of Figures 5-6, in which the second deep-rooted plant has been rooted.

國內寄存資訊(請依寄存機構、日期、號碼順序註記) 無 國外寄存資訊(請依寄存國家、機構、日期、號碼順序註記) 無 Domestic storage information (please note in order of storage institution, date and number) without Overseas storage information (please note in order of storage country, institution, date, and number) without

100:生態護坡結構 100: Ecological slope protection structure

110:坡體 110:Slope body

120:第一輪胎 120:First Tire

130:第二輪胎 130:Second tire

174:第一深根系植物 174: The first deep-rooted plant

184:第二深根系植物 184: The second deepest root system plant

DA:排列方向 DA: Arrangement direction

Claims (6)

一種生態護坡結構，包含：一坡體，包含複數個第一表面、複數個第二表面以及複數個第三表面，該些第三表面實質上垂直於該些第一表面與該些第二表面，該些第一表面與該些第二表面沿一排列方向交替排列，該些第三表面分別連接於對應之該第一表面與對應之該第二表面之間以使該些第一表面、該些第二表面以及該些第三表面形成階梯狀；複數個第一輪胎，分佈於該些第一表面，該些第一輪胎中每一者包含：一第一上環狀部；一第一下環狀部；以及一第一壁體，該第一壁體連接於該第一上環狀部與該第一下環狀部之間；複數個第二輪胎，分佈於該些第二表面，並與該些第一輪胎沿該排列方向彼此錯開，該些第二輪胎中每一者連接相鄰之該些第一輪胎，該些第二輪胎中每一者包含：一第二上環狀部；一第二下環狀部；以及一第二壁體，該第二壁體連接於該第二上環狀部與該第二下環狀部之間，該第二下環狀部至少部分抵接兩相鄰之該些第一上環狀部；以及複數個連接件，分別包含兩杆部以及一連接部，該些杆部配置以穿越對應之該第二下環狀部與兩相鄰之該些第一 上環狀部，該連接部連接於該些杆部之間。 An ecological slope protection structure includes: a slope body including a plurality of first surfaces, a plurality of second surfaces, and a plurality of third surfaces. The third surfaces are substantially perpendicular to the first surfaces and the second surfaces. , the first surfaces and the second surfaces are alternately arranged along an arrangement direction, and the third surfaces are respectively connected between the corresponding first surface and the corresponding second surface so that the first surfaces, The second surfaces and the third surfaces form a step shape; a plurality of first tires are distributed on the first surfaces, and each of the first tires includes: a first upper annular portion; a first a lower annular portion; and a first wall connected between the first upper annular portion and the first lower annular portion; a plurality of second tires distributed among the second surface, and are staggered from each other along the arrangement direction with the first tires, each of the second tires is connected to the adjacent first tires, and each of the second tires includes: a second upper tire annular part; a second lower annular part; and a second wall body, the second wall body is connected between the second upper annular part and the second lower annular part, the second lower annular part The portion at least partially abuts the two adjacent first upper annular portions; and a plurality of connectors, each including two rod portions and a connecting portion, the rod portions are configured to pass through the corresponding second lower annular portions. The first ones adjacent to two On the upper annular part, the connecting part is connected between the rod parts. 如請求項1所述之生態護坡結構，更包含：複數個第一固定件，該些第一固定件中每一者配置以抵接對應之該第一下環狀部之內緣，並至少部分***對應之該第一表面；以及複數個第二固定件，該些第二固定件中每一者配置以抵接對應之該第二下環狀部之內緣，並至少部分***對應之該第二表面。 The ecological slope protection structure as described in claim 1 further includes: a plurality of first fixing parts, each of the first fixing parts is configured to contact the inner edge of the corresponding first lower annular part, and at least Partially inserted into the corresponding first surface; and a plurality of second fixing members, each of the second fixing members is configured to abut the inner edge of the corresponding second lower annular portion and at least partially inserted into the corresponding the second surface. 如請求項1所述之生態護坡結構，更包含：複數個第一營養土層，分別被圍繞於對應之該第一壁體內並至少部分抵接對應之該第一表面；複數個第一環狀吸水層，設置於對應之該第一營養土層與對應之該第一下環狀部之間；複數個第一鵝卵石層，該些第一營養土層中每一者設置於對應之該第一鵝卵石層與對應之該第一環狀吸水層之間；複數個第一深根系植物，分別植根於對應之該第一營養土層並穿越對應之該第一鵝卵石層；複數個第二營養土層，分別被圍繞於對應之該第二壁體內並至少部分抵接對應之該第二表面；複數個第二環狀吸水層，設置於對應之該第二營養土層與對應之該第二下環狀部之間； 複數個第二鵝卵石層，該些第二營養土層中每一者設置於對應之該第二鵝卵石層與對應之該第二環狀吸水層之間；以及複數個第二深根系植物，分別植根於對應之該第二營養土層並穿越對應之該第二鵝卵石層。 The ecological slope protection structure as described in claim 1 further includes: a plurality of first nutrient soil layers, respectively surrounded by the corresponding first wall and at least partially abutting the corresponding first surface; a plurality of first rings A water-absorbing layer is arranged between the corresponding first nutrient soil layer and the corresponding first lower annular portion; a plurality of first pebble layers, each of the first nutrient soil layers is arranged between the corresponding first lower annular portion; Between the first cobblestone layer and the corresponding first annular water-absorbing layer; a plurality of first deep-rooted plants are respectively rooted in the corresponding first nutrient soil layer and pass through the corresponding first cobblestone layer; Two nutrient soil layers are respectively surrounded by the corresponding second wall and at least partially contact the corresponding second surface; a plurality of second annular water-absorbing layers are provided between the corresponding second nutrient soil layer and the corresponding between the second lower annular portion; A plurality of second cobblestone layers, each of the second nutrient soil layers is provided between the corresponding second cobblestone layer and the corresponding second annular water-absorbent layer; and a plurality of second deep-rooted plants, respectively Rooted in the corresponding second nutrient soil layer and passing through the corresponding second pebble layer. 一種生態護坡結構的建造方法，包含：自下而上修整一斜坡以形成一坡體，該坡體包含複數個第一表面、複數個第二表面以及複數個第三表面，該些第三表面實質上垂直於該些第一表面與該些第二表面，該些第一表面與該些第二表面沿一排列方向交替排列，該些第三表面分別連接於對應之該第一表面與對應之該第二表面之間以使該些第一表面、該些第二表面以及該些第三表面形成階梯狀；分佈複數個第一輪胎於該些第一表面，該些第一輪胎中每一者包含：一第一上環狀部；一第一下環狀部；以及一第一壁體，該第一壁體連接於該第一上環狀部與該第一下環狀部之間；分佈複數個第二輪胎於該些第二表面，並使該些第二輪胎與該些第一輪胎沿該排列方向彼此錯開，該些第二輪胎中每一者包含：一第二上環狀部； 一第二下環狀部；以及一第二壁體，該第二壁體連接於該第二上環狀部與該第二下環狀部之間；以該些第二下環狀部中每一者至少部分抵接兩相鄰之該些第一上環狀部；以及以複數個連接件分別連接對應之該第二下環狀部與兩相鄰之該些第一上環狀部，該些連接件中每一者包含兩杆部以及一連接部，該些杆部配置以穿越對應之該第二下環狀部與兩相鄰之該些第一上環狀部，該連接部連接於該些杆部之間。 A construction method of an ecological slope protection structure includes: trimming a slope from bottom to top to form a slope body, the slope body including a plurality of first surfaces, a plurality of second surfaces and a plurality of third surfaces. The third surfaces Substantially perpendicular to the first surfaces and the second surfaces, the first surfaces and the second surfaces are alternately arranged along an arrangement direction, and the third surfaces are respectively connected to the corresponding first surface and the corresponding between the second surfaces so that the first surfaces, the second surfaces and the third surfaces form a step shape; distribute a plurality of first tires on the first surfaces, each of the first tires One includes: a first upper annular part; a first lower annular part; and a first wall body, the first wall body is connected between the first upper annular part and the first lower annular part. space; distribute a plurality of second tires on the second surfaces, and make the second tires and the first tires staggered from each other along the arrangement direction. Each of the second tires includes: a second upper surface ring part; a second lower annular portion; and a second wall body connected between the second upper annular portion and the second lower annular portion; among the second lower annular portions Each one at least partially abuts two adjacent first upper annular portions; and a plurality of connectors are used to connect the corresponding second lower annular portion and the two adjacent first upper annular portions respectively. , each of the connectors includes two rod portions and a connecting portion, the rod portions are configured to pass through the corresponding second lower annular portion and the two adjacent first upper annular portions, and the connection The parts are connected between the rod parts. 如請求項4所述之方法，更包含：以複數個第一固定件分別抵接對應之該第一下環狀部之內緣，並至少部分***對應之該第一表面；以及以複數個第二固定件分別抵接對應之該第二下環狀部之內緣，並至少部分***對應之該第二表面。 The method of claim 4, further comprising: contacting the inner edge of the corresponding first lower annular portion with a plurality of first fixing members, and at least partially inserting the corresponding first surface; The second fixing members respectively contact the inner edge of the corresponding second lower annular portion and are at least partially inserted into the corresponding second surface. 如請求項4所述之方法，更包含：分別設置複數個第一環狀吸水層以及複數個第二環狀吸水層於該些第一下環狀部與該些第二下環狀部上；分別設置複數個第一營養土層以及複數個第二營養土層於該些第一環狀吸水層與該些第二環狀吸水層上，並使該些第一營養土層以及該些第二營養土層分別至少部分抵接對應之該第一表面及對應之該第二表面； 分別於該些第一營養土層與該些第二營養土層植根至少一第一深根系植物以及至少一第二深根系植物；以及分別設置複數個第一鵝卵石層以及複數個第二鵝卵石層於該些第一營養土層與該些第二營養土層上。 The method of claim 4, further comprising: respectively arranging a plurality of first annular water-absorbing layers and a plurality of second annular water-absorbing layers on the first lower annular parts and the second lower annular parts. ; Set a plurality of first nutrient soil layers and a plurality of second nutrient soil layers on the first annular water-absorbing layers and the second annular water-absorbing layers respectively, and make the first nutrient soil layers and the The second nutrient soil layer is at least partially in contact with the corresponding first surface and the corresponding second surface; Planting at least one first deep-rooted plant and at least one second deep-rooted plant in the first nutrient soil layers and the second nutrient soil layers respectively; and respectively setting a plurality of first cobblestone layers and a plurality of second cobblestones layered on the first nutrient soil layers and the second nutrient soil layers.
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