TWI755294B - Water treatment device and water treatment method - Google Patents

Water treatment device and water treatment method Download PDF

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TWI755294B
TWI755294B TW110107248A TW110107248A TWI755294B TW I755294 B TWI755294 B TW I755294B TW 110107248 A TW110107248 A TW 110107248A TW 110107248 A TW110107248 A TW 110107248A TW I755294 B TWI755294 B TW I755294B
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aeration
water quality
membrane surface
auxiliary
water
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TW202140387A (en
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吉田航
今村英二
野田清治
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日商三菱電機股份有限公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)

Abstract

藉由分離膜（3）對在被處理水進行了生物反應的處理水進行固液分離且進行水處理的水處理裝置，具備：膜面曝氣供給部（10），在前述分離膜（3）的膜面供給空氣以進行膜面曝氣；輔助曝氣供給部（8），與前述膜面曝氣供給部（10）不同，供給利用前述生物反應的空氣以曝氣；和控制部（20），根據藉由前述膜面曝氣供給部（10）供給到前述膜面的曝氣量之膜面曝氣量，控制從前述輔助曝氣供給部（8）供給的曝氣量之輔助曝氣量。A water treatment apparatus for performing water treatment by performing solid-liquid separation on the treated water that has undergone a biological reaction in the water to be treated by means of a separation membrane (3), comprising: a membrane surface aeration supply unit (10), on the separation membrane (3) ) to supply air to the membrane surface for membrane surface aeration; the auxiliary aeration supply part (8), different from the aforementioned membrane surface aeration supply part (10), supplies the air utilizing the aforementioned biological reaction for aeration; and the control part ( 20), according to the aeration amount of the membrane surface supplied to the membrane surface by the membrane surface aeration supply part (10), the assistance of controlling the aeration amount supplied from the auxiliary aeration supply part (8) Aeration volume.

Description

水處理裝置及水處理方法Water treatment device and water treatment method

本發明是有關於水處理裝置及水處理方法。The present invention relates to a water treatment device and a water treatment method.

作為處理含有有機物及氨態氮（ammonia nitrogen）等的汙染物的排水（以下稱為「被處理水」）的方法，在利用微生物分解被處理水中的有機物的同時，也使用了藉由分離膜進行固液分離的膜分離活性污泥法（MBR：Membrane Bio Reactor）。 在膜分離活性污泥法的前段的處理中，為了在儲存活性污泥的生物反應槽將被處理水中的汙染物氧化或分解，對活性污泥進行空氣供給（以下，稱為輔助曝氣）。此時，輔助曝氣的曝氣量是被控制為使生物反應槽的溶存氧濃度（DO：Dissolved Oxygen）對某目標值為恆定。 在膜分離活性污泥法的後段的處理中，在膜分離槽藉由膜過濾進行固液分離。在使用了分離膜的過濾處理中，伴隨著分離膜的繼續使用，汙染物質在分離膜的表面與孔中附著且產生堵塞（積垢（fouling））。於是，從分離膜的下部（在此，是在以重力方向為基準區分為上下的情況的下部）供給空氣（膜面曝氣）且利用氣泡及被處理水的上升流使分離膜表面的附著物剝離以抑制積垢。由於分離膜的膜間差壓伴隨分離膜的堵塞的進行而上升，膜面曝氣量是根據膜間差壓來控制。As a method of treating waste water (hereinafter referred to as "water to be treated") containing pollutants such as organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, microorganisms are used to decompose organic matter in the water to be treated, and separation membranes are also used. Membrane separation activated sludge method (MBR: Membrane Bio Reactor) for solid-liquid separation. In the first stage of the membrane separation activated sludge method, in order to oxidize or decompose the pollutants in the water to be treated in the biological reaction tank storing the activated sludge, air is supplied to the activated sludge (hereinafter, referred to as auxiliary aeration). . At this time, the aeration amount of the auxiliary aeration is controlled so that the dissolved oxygen concentration (DO: Dissolved Oxygen) of the biological reaction tank becomes constant with respect to a certain target value. In the treatment in the latter stage of the membrane separation activated sludge method, solid-liquid separation is performed by membrane filtration in a membrane separation tank. In the filtration treatment using the separation membrane, as the separation membrane continues to be used, contaminants adhere to the surface and pores of the separation membrane to cause clogging (fouling). Then, air (membrane surface aeration) is supplied from the lower part of the separation membrane (here, the lower part in the case of being divided into upper and lower parts based on the direction of gravity), and the air bubbles and the upward flow of the water to be treated are used to adhere to the surface of the separation membrane material stripping to inhibit fouling. Since the differential pressure between the membranes of the separation membrane increases with the progress of the clogging of the separation membrane, the aeration amount of the membrane surface is controlled according to the differential pressure between the membranes.

本發明提出了輔助曝氣量與膜面曝氣量的控制方法（例如，參照專利文獻1）。膜面曝氣量是根據過濾開始以後的膜間差壓的目標值、和膜間差壓的預測值來控制。其中前述膜間差壓的預測值係根據關於分離膜的堵塞的測定值所計算出來的。輔助曝氣量是為了使生物反應槽的DO成為由水處理裝置的操作者所給予的DO目標值而藉由PI控制來控制。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]The present invention proposes a control method of the auxiliary aeration amount and the membrane surface aeration amount (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). The amount of aeration on the membrane surface is controlled based on the target value of the differential pressure between the membranes after the start of filtration and the predicted value of the differential pressure between the membranes. Here, the predicted value of the differential pressure between the membranes is calculated based on the measured value of the clogging of the separation membrane. The auxiliary aeration amount is controlled by PI control so that the DO of the biological reaction tank becomes the DO target value given by the operator of the water treatment apparatus. [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]

[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2017-18940號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2017-18940

[發明所欲解決的問題][Problems to be Solved by Invention]

膜面曝氣不只是防止過濾膜的堵塞，藉由對膜分離槽內的被處理水供給空氣也促進了生物處理。因此，如同先前技術，在僅根據生物反應槽的DO以控制輔助曝氣的情況下，在膜面曝氣量增加時，有在生物反應槽供給了必要以上之輔助曝氣的可能性。Membrane surface aeration not only prevents clogging of the filter membrane, but also promotes biological treatment by supplying air to the water to be treated in the membrane separation tank. Therefore, as in the prior art, when the auxiliary aeration is controlled only based on the DO of the biological reaction tank, when the aeration amount of the membrane surface increases, the biological reaction tank may be supplied with auxiliary aeration more than necessary.

本發明揭示了用於解決上述問題的技術，以提供能夠適當地控制輔助曝氣量且良好地保持處理水質，同時抑制過剩地曝氣的水處理裝置及水處理方法為目的。 [用以解決問題的手段]The present invention discloses a technique for solving the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a water treatment apparatus and a water treatment method capable of appropriately controlling the amount of auxiliary aeration and maintaining the treated water quality while suppressing excessive aeration. [means to solve the problem]

本發明中所揭示的水處理裝置之特徵為： 藉由分離膜對在被處理水進行了生物反應的處理水進行固液分離且進行水處理的水處理裝置，具備： 膜面曝氣供給部，在前述分離膜的膜面供給空氣以進行膜面曝氣； 輔助曝氣供給部，與前述膜面曝氣供給部不同，供給利用前述生物反應的空氣以曝氣； 控制部，根據膜面曝氣量，控制從前述輔助曝氣供給部供給的曝氣量之輔助曝氣量，其中前述膜面曝氣量係藉由前述膜面曝氣供給部供給至前述膜面的曝氣量，且其會伴隨過濾的繼續而變化；和 目標輔助曝氣量設定部，設定前述輔助曝氣量的目標值之輔助曝氣量目標值， 前述目標輔助曝氣量設定部是構成為在前述膜面曝氣量增加的情況下使前述輔助曝氣量目標值減少，在前述膜面曝氣量減少的情況下使前述輔助曝氣量目標值增加， 前述膜面曝氣供給部在前述膜面曝氣量增加的情況下進行由前述目標輔助曝氣量設定部減少的前述輔助曝氣量目標值的曝氣，在前述膜面曝氣量減少的情況下進行由前述目標輔助曝氣量設定部增加的前述輔助曝氣量目標值的前述曝氣。 [發明的效果]The features of the water treatment device disclosed in the present invention are: A water treatment device that performs solid-liquid separation and water treatment on treated water that has undergone a biological reaction in the water to be treated by means of a separation membrane, and includes: The membrane surface aeration supply part supplies air to the membrane surface of the separation membrane to aerate the membrane surface; The auxiliary aeration supply part, which is different from the aeration supply part of the membrane surface, supplies the air utilizing the biological reaction for aeration; The control part controls the auxiliary aeration amount of the aeration amount supplied from the auxiliary aeration supply part according to the film surface aeration amount, wherein the film surface aeration amount is supplied to the film by the film surface aeration supply part surface aeration, which varies as filtration continues; and The target auxiliary aeration amount setting part sets the auxiliary aeration amount target value of the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount, The target auxiliary aeration amount setting unit is configured to decrease the auxiliary aeration amount target value when the membrane surface aeration amount increases, and to set the auxiliary aeration amount target value when the membrane surface aeration amount decreases. value increases, The membrane surface aeration supply unit performs aeration at the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount decreased by the target auxiliary aeration amount setting section when the aeration amount of the membrane surface increases, and when the aeration amount of the membrane surface decreases In this case, the aeration of the auxiliary aeration amount target value increased by the target auxiliary aeration amount setting unit is performed. [Effect of invention]

根據本發明中揭示的水處理裝置及水處理方法，可以提供能夠適當地控制輔助曝氣量且良好地保持處理水質，同時抑制過剩地曝氣的水處理裝置及水處理方法。According to the water treatment apparatus and the water treatment method disclosed in the present invention, it is possible to provide a water treatment apparatus and a water treatment method which can appropriately control the auxiliary aeration amount and maintain the treated water quality while suppressing excessive aeration.

實施形態1 根據第1圖以說明關於實施形態1之水處理裝置。第1圖所示為關於實施形態1~5之水處理裝置全體的全體構成圖。圖中，帶有箭頭的實線將流體在內部流動的配管與流動的方向一起表示；帶有箭頭的虛線將構成本實施形態的水處理裝置之各元件間的信號的流動之信號線與流動的方向一起表示（在以下說明的第3~5圖也一樣）。Embodiment 1 The water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIG. 1 . Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the entire water treatment apparatus according to Embodiments 1 to 5. In the figure, the solid line with arrows indicates the piping in which the fluid flows together with the direction of the flow; the dotted line with arrows indicates the flow of the signal between the elements constituting the water treatment apparatus of the present embodiment and the flow of the signal. direction is shown together (the same applies to Figures 3 to 5 described below).

在第1圖，被處理水透過配管a流入水處理槽100。在此水處理槽100中，藉由生物反應對被處理水進行淨化處理且得到處理水。即，在水處理槽100中，生成與被處理水相比被淨化的液體之處理水和包含活性污泥的固形物。 此外，在水處理槽100，設置了分離膜3，且藉由此分離膜3對生成的處理水與固形物進行固液分離。 此外，在此分離膜3，透過配管c，連接了過濾幫浦4，此過濾幫浦4透過分離膜3吸引水處理槽100內的活性污泥等的固形物，藉此進行固液分離。進行過濾分離後的過濾液是從過濾幫浦4透過配管d排出。 進一步地，在膜分離槽2內進行固液分離的活性污泥，雖然透過配管e送回水處理槽100，剩餘的部分透過配管f向外部排出。In FIG. 1, the water to be treated flows into the water treatment tank 100 through the piping a. In this water treatment tank 100, the water to be treated is purified by biological reaction to obtain treated water. That is, in the water treatment tank 100 , treated water, which is a liquid purified compared to the water to be treated, and solids containing activated sludge are generated. In addition, the separation membrane 3 is provided in the water treatment tank 100 , and the generated treated water and solid matter are separated into solid and liquid by the separation membrane 3 . Further, the separation membrane 3 is connected to a filter pump 4 through a pipe c, and the filter pump 4 suctions solids such as activated sludge in the water treatment tank 100 through the separation membrane 3 to perform solid-liquid separation. The filtrate after filtration and separation is discharged from the filter pump 4 through the pipe d. Furthermore, the activated sludge subjected to solid-liquid separation in the membrane separation tank 2 is sent back to the water treatment tank 100 through the pipe e, and the remainder is discharged to the outside through the pipe f.

在此，在水處理槽100，設置了第一散氣部5，進行從輔助曝氣供給部8透過第一散氣部5往水處理槽100的空氣供給（輔助曝氣）。藉由在水處理槽100內混合空氣與活性污泥，將被處理水中的有機物、或氮成分氧化、或分解。 此外，在水處理槽100，設置了第二散氣部6，從膜面鋪氣供給部10透過第二散氣部6，對分離膜3進行空氣供給（膜面曝氣）。 於是，為了抑制伴隨分離膜3的繼續使用而產生的堵塞，從分離膜3的下部供給空氣，藉由氣泡及水處理槽100中的流體的上升流使分離膜3表面的附著物剝離。 進一步地，控制部20透過信號線12a接收由壓力測定部12測定的壓力測定值，且透過信號線20a向輔助曝氣供給部傳輸這個值。輔助曝氣供給部根據此壓力測定值，使往第一散氣部5的輔助曝氣量變化。在這種情況下，由於上述壓力測定值受到從膜面曝氣供給部10供給之空氣供給（膜面曝氣）的量的影響而變動，作為結果，控制部利用膜面曝氣量來控制輔助曝氣量。Here, the water treatment tank 100 is provided with the first air diffuser 5 , and air supply (auxiliary aeration) is performed from the auxiliary aeration supply unit 8 to the water treatment tank 100 through the first air diffuser 5 . By mixing air and activated sludge in the water treatment tank 100, the organic matter or nitrogen component in the water to be treated is oxidized or decomposed. In addition, the water treatment tank 100 is provided with a second air diffuser 6 , which passes through the second air diffuser 6 from the membrane surface air supply unit 10 to supply air to the separation membrane 3 (membrane surface aeration). Then, in order to suppress clogging accompanying the continued use of the separation membrane 3, air is supplied from the lower part of the separation membrane 3, and the adhering matter on the surface of the separation membrane 3 is peeled off by the upward flow of air bubbles and the fluid in the water treatment tank 100. Further, the control section 20 receives the pressure measurement value measured by the pressure measurement section 12 through the signal line 12a, and transmits this value to the auxiliary aeration supply section through the signal line 20a. The auxiliary aeration supply unit changes the amount of auxiliary aeration to the first diffuser 5 based on the pressure measurement value. In this case, since the pressure measurement value is affected by the amount of air supply (membrane surface aeration) supplied from the membrane surface aeration supply unit 10 and fluctuates, as a result, the control unit controls the membrane surface aeration amount using the membrane surface aeration amount. Auxiliary aeration.

另外，在上述控制部，也可以設置設定目標輔助曝氣量之目標輔助曝氣量設定部，上述目標輔助曝氣量是用於設定以輔助曝氣供給部為目標的供給之輔助曝氣量。藉由設置目標輔助曝氣量設定部，根據壓力測定部的壓力測定值，可以精度更佳地供給往輔助曝氣供給部的第一散氣部5的輔助曝氣量，能夠更有效率地淨化被處理水。 此外，在膜面曝氣中也為了混合水處理槽100內的活性污泥與空氣，進行將被處理水中包含的有機物、或氮成分氧化、或分解的反應。In addition, the control unit may be provided with a target assist aeration amount setting unit for setting a target assist aeration amount, and the target assist aeration amount is an assist aeration amount for setting the supply aimed at the assist aeration supply unit. . By providing the target auxiliary aeration amount setting section, the auxiliary aeration amount to be supplied to the first diffuser 5 of the auxiliary aeration supply section can be more accurately supplied based on the pressure measurement value of the pressure measurement section, and it is possible to more efficiently. Purify the treated water. In addition, in the membrane surface aeration, in order to mix the activated sludge and air in the water treatment tank 100, a reaction of oxidizing or decomposing organic substances or nitrogen components contained in the water to be treated is performed.

實施形態2 接著，用第2圖說明關於實施形態2的水處理裝置。第2圖是顯示關於本實施形態2的水處理裝置全體的全體構成圖。另外，有關與第1圖共通的水處理裝置的元件，將說明簡略化。 在第2圖，在儲存活性污泥的生物反應槽1，藉由生物反應對透過配管a流入的被處理水進行淨化處理，淨化處理後的流出水排出至配管b。透過配管b從生物反應槽1排出的流出水往膜分離槽2流入。在膜分離槽2設置有分離膜3。分離膜3透過配管c與過濾幫浦4連接，過濾幫浦4透過分離膜3吸引膜分離槽2內的活性污泥，藉此進行固液分離。進行固液分離後的過濾液從過濾幫浦4透過配管d排出。 此外，在膜分離槽2內進行固液分離的活性污泥，雖然透過配管e送回生物反應槽1，剩餘的部分透過配管f向外部排出。Embodiment 2 Next, the water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 2 will be described with reference to FIG. 2 . Fig. 2 is an overall configuration diagram showing the entire water treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment. In addition, about the element of the water treatment apparatus common to FIG. 1, description is abbreviate|omitted. In Fig. 2, in the biological reaction tank 1 storing activated sludge, the water to be treated which flows in through the pipe a is purified by the biological reaction, and the effluent water after the purification treatment is discharged to the pipe b. The effluent water discharged from the biological reaction tank 1 through the piping b flows into the membrane separation tank 2 . A separation membrane 3 is provided in the membrane separation tank 2 . The separation membrane 3 is connected to the filtration pump 4 through the piping c, and the filtration pump 4 suctions the activated sludge in the membrane separation tank 2 through the separation membrane 3, thereby performing solid-liquid separation. The filtrate after the solid-liquid separation is discharged from the filter pump 4 through the pipe d. In addition, although the activated sludge subjected to solid-liquid separation in the membrane separation tank 2 is sent back to the biological reaction tank 1 through the pipe e, the remaining part is discharged to the outside through the pipe f.

在此，在生物反應槽1設置了第一散氣部5，從輔助曝氣供給部8透過第一散氣部5往生物反應槽1的進行空氣供給（輔助曝氣）。藉由在生物反應槽1內混合空氣與活性污泥，將被處理水中的有機物、或氮成分氧化、或分解。Here, the bioreactor tank 1 is provided with a first air diffuser 5 , and air is supplied (auxiliary aeration) from the auxiliary aeration supply part 8 to the bioreactor tank 1 through the first air diffuser 5 . By mixing air and activated sludge in the biological reaction tank 1, the organic matter or nitrogen component in the water to be treated is oxidized or decomposed.

另一方面，在膜分離槽2設置了第二散氣部6，從膜面曝氣供給部10透過第二散氣部6，對設置於膜分離槽2的分離膜3進行空氣供給（膜面曝氣）。 於是，為了抑制伴隨分離膜3的繼續使用而產生的堵塞從分離膜3的下部供給空氣，利用氣泡及被處理水的上升流使分離膜3表面的附著物剝離。On the other hand, the membrane separation tank 2 is provided with a second air diffuser 6, and the membrane surface aeration supply unit 10 permeates the second air diffuser 6 to supply air to the separation membrane 3 installed in the membrane separation tank 2 (membrane supply unit 10). surface aeration). Then, air is supplied from the lower part of the separation membrane 3 in order to suppress clogging accompanying the continued use of the separation membrane 3, and the adhering matter on the surface of the separation membrane 3 is peeled off by the upward flow of air bubbles and the water to be treated.

但是，在膜面曝氣時由於也混合了膜分離槽2內的活性污泥與空氣，在膜分離槽2內也與生物反應槽1同樣地進行將被處理水中包含的有機物、或氮成分氧化、或分解的反應。However, since the activated sludge and air in the membrane separation tank 2 are also mixed during the membrane surface aeration, the organic matter or nitrogen component contained in the water to be treated is also processed in the membrane separation tank 2 in the same manner as in the biological reaction tank 1. Oxidation, or decomposition reaction.

此外，目標輔助曝氣量設定部7計算出從第一散氣部5供給的輔助曝氣量的目標值，且透過信號線7a將輔助曝氣量的目標值傳送至上述輔助曝氣供給部8。在此輔助曝氣供給部8，將對應由目標輔助曝氣量設定部7計算出之輔助曝氣量的目標值的分量的空氣透過配管g供給至第一散氣部5。In addition, the target auxiliary aeration amount setting unit 7 calculates the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount supplied from the first diffuser 5, and transmits the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount to the above-mentioned auxiliary aeration supply unit through the signal line 7a 8. In this auxiliary aeration supply part 8 , the air permeating the pipe g is supplied to the first diffuser 5 by a component corresponding to the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount calculated by the target auxiliary aeration amount setting part 7 .

此外，目標膜面曝氣量計算部9計算出從第二散氣部6供給之膜面曝氣量的目標值，且透過信號線9a將膜面曝氣量的目標值傳送至膜面曝氣供給部10。在膜面曝氣供給部10，將對應由目標膜面曝氣量計算部9計算出之膜面曝氣量的目標值的分量的空氣透過配管h供給至第二散氣部6。In addition, the target film surface aeration amount calculation unit 9 calculates the target value of the film surface aeration amount supplied from the second air diffuser 6, and transmits the target value of the film surface aeration amount to the film surface aeration amount through the signal line 9a. Air supply unit 10 . In the membrane surface aeration supply part 10 , the air permeation pipe h of the component corresponding to the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount calculated by the target membrane surface aeration amount calculation part 9 is supplied to the second diffuser 6 .

此外，為了測定生物反應槽1內的DO（溶存氧濃度），DO測定部11設置於生物反應槽1內。此DO測定部11雖然可以設置於生物反應槽1內的任何地方，為了測定流入生物反應槽1的被處理水在生物反應槽1內的處理結束時的DO，優選為將DO測定部11設置於靠近配管b的位置。In addition, in order to measure DO (dissolved oxygen concentration) in the bioreactor tank 1 , the DO measurement unit 11 is provided in the bioreactor tank 1 . Although the DO measuring unit 11 may be installed anywhere in the bioreactor 1, it is preferable to install the DO measuring unit 11 in order to measure the DO at the end of the treatment of the water to be treated in the bioreactor 1 in the bioreactor 1. in a position close to piping b.

此外，用於測定流體的壓力的壓力測定部12設置於配管c，測定在過濾幫浦4過濾被處理水時的配管c位置的流體的壓力（膜間差壓）。由壓力測定部12測定的膜間差壓是透過信號線12a傳送至目標膜面曝氣量計算部9。Further, the pressure measuring unit 12 for measuring the pressure of the fluid is provided in the pipe c, and measures the pressure (differential pressure between membranes) of the fluid at the position of the pipe c when the filtration pump 4 filters the water to be treated. The differential pressure between membranes measured by the pressure measuring unit 12 is transmitted to the target membrane surface aeration amount calculation unit 9 through the signal line 12a.

進一步地，目標水質設定部13根據從目標膜面曝氣量計算部9透過信號線9b傳送之膜面曝氣量的目標值，計算出生物反應槽1的DO的目標值。在目標水質設定部13計算出的DO的目標值是透過信號線13a傳送至目標輔助曝氣部7。在此目標輔助曝氣量設定部7，由DO測定部11測定的DO透過信號線11a傳送，為了使生物反應槽1的DO成為由目標水質設定部13計算出的DO的目標值，計算出輔助曝氣量的目標值。另外，在本實施形態，控制部20利用上述目標水質設定部13與上述目標輔助曝氣量設定部7，控制供給至生物反應槽1之來自輔助曝氣供給部的輔助曝氣量。Further, the target water quality setting unit 13 calculates the target value of DO of the biological reaction tank 1 based on the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount transmitted from the target membrane surface aeration amount calculation unit 9 through the signal line 9b. The target value of DO calculated by the target water quality setting unit 13 is transmitted to the target auxiliary aeration unit 7 through the signal line 13a. In this target auxiliary aeration amount setting unit 7, the DO measured by the DO measuring unit 11 is transmitted through the signal line 11a, and the DO of the bioreactor tank 1 is calculated to be the target value of DO calculated by the target water quality setting unit 13. The target value of the auxiliary aeration rate. In addition, in the present embodiment, the control unit 20 uses the target water quality setting unit 13 and the target assist aeration amount setting unit 7 to control the assist aeration amount supplied to the biological reaction tank 1 from the assist aeration supply unit.

接著，說明在上述的目標膜面曝氣量計算部9的膜面曝氣量的目標值的計算方法。在目標膜面曝氣量計算部9根據由壓力測定部12測定的膜間差壓計算出膜面曝氣量的目標值。由上述的壓力測定部12測定的膜間差壓是分離膜3的堵塞的進行程度的指標，膜間差壓隨著分離膜3的堵塞進行而增加。另一方面，此分離膜定期用藥液洗淨以消除分離膜的堵塞。Next, the calculation method of the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount in the above-mentioned target membrane surface aeration amount calculation part 9 is demonstrated. In the target membrane surface aeration amount calculation unit 9 , the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount is calculated based on the differential pressure between the membranes measured by the pressure measurement unit 12 . The inter-membrane differential pressure measured by the above-described pressure measuring unit 12 is an indicator of the degree of progress of clogging of the separation membrane 3 , and the inter-membrane differential pressure increases as the clogging of the separation membrane 3 progresses. On the other hand, the separation membrane is periodically washed with a chemical solution to eliminate clogging of the separation membrane.

另外，用藥液洗淨分離膜的頻率（以下，也略稱為藥液洗淨的頻率）有鑑於分離膜的特性、或水處理裝置的運轉狀況，各處理場在1週~6個月之間決定。在此期間，為了使分離膜3不急速堵塞且超過各處理場決定之膜間差壓的上限值（例如30kPa），從膜面曝氣供給部10供給適當的膜面曝氣量。In addition, the frequency of cleaning the separation membrane with a chemical solution (hereinafter, also abbreviated as the frequency of cleaning with a chemical solution) takes into account the characteristics of the separation membrane or the operating conditions of the water treatment equipment, and each treatment site is performed between 1 week and 6 months. decision between. During this period, an appropriate membrane surface aeration amount is supplied from the membrane surface aeration supply unit 10 so that the separation membrane 3 does not become clogged rapidly and exceeds the upper limit value (eg, 30 kPa) of the differential pressure between the membranes determined for each treatment site.

在此，在目標膜面曝氣量計算部9，在用藥液洗淨的期間內，為了使膜間差壓不到達上限值，一但決定了膜面曝氣量的目標值，也可以以任何手法來決定膜面曝氣量的目標值。例如，為了使膜間差壓以指定的速度上升，可以考慮調整膜面曝氣量的目標值的手法、或與膜間差壓成比例地使膜面曝氣量的目標值增加的手法等。Here, in the target membrane surface aeration amount calculation unit 9, in order to prevent the inter-membrane differential pressure from reaching the upper limit value during the period of cleaning with the chemical solution, once the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount is determined, it is also possible to Determine the target value of the aeration rate of the membrane surface by any method. For example, in order to increase the differential pressure between membranes at a predetermined speed, a method of adjusting the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount, or a method of increasing the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount in proportion to the differential pressure between membranes, etc. can be considered. .

另外，由於由壓力測定部12測定的膜間差壓伴隨著過濾的繼續而變化，在目標膜面曝氣量計算部9計算出的膜面曝氣量的目標值也是伴隨著過濾的繼續而變化的值。In addition, since the differential pressure between membranes measured by the pressure measuring unit 12 changes as the filtration continues, the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount calculated by the target membrane surface aeration amount calculation unit 9 also changes as the filtration continues. changing value.

接著，說明在目標水質設定部13的DO的目標值的計算方法。DO的目標值是根據由目標膜面曝氣量計算部9計算出之膜面曝氣量的目標值，被決定為在膜面曝氣量的目標值增加的情況下使DO的目標值減少，在膜面曝氣量的目標值減少的情況下使DO的目標值增加。Next, the calculation method of the target value of DO in the target water quality setting part 13 is demonstrated. The target value of DO is determined based on the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount calculated by the target membrane surface aeration amount calculation unit 9, and is determined to decrease the target value of DO when the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount increases , and the target value of DO is increased when the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount is decreased.

作為一個範例，根據式（1）決定DO的目標值。 式（1）：DO* = A1/Qm + D1 在此，DO*為生物反應槽1的DO的目標值，A1、D1為正的常數，Qm為膜分離槽2的膜面曝氣量。As an example, the target value of DO is determined according to equation (1). Formula (1): DO* = A1/Qm + D1 Here, DO* is the target value of DO in the bioreactor tank 1 , A1 and D1 are positive constants, and Qm is the membrane surface aeration amount of the membrane separation tank 2 .

藉由根據上述的式（1）決定DO的目標值，在膜面曝氣量的目標值增加的情況下使DO的目標值減少，且在膜面曝氣量的目標值減少的情況下使DO的目標值增加以決定DO的目標值。By determining the target value of DO according to the above-mentioned formula (1), when the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount increases, the target value of DO is decreased, and when the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount decreases, the target value of DO is decreased. The DO target value is increased to determine the DO target value.

此外，式（1）的常數A1、D1是在膜面曝氣量Qm被供給至膜分離槽2的情況下，為了計算出用於使從過濾幫浦4排出之處理水的水質（處理水質）滿足管理基準之必要的DO的目標值DO*而預先設定的值，其藉由使用了過去的運算資料的統計分析、或活性污泥模型等的模擬而計算出。In addition, the constants A1 and D1 in the formula (1) are used to calculate the water quality (treated water quality) of the treated water discharged from the filtration pump 4 when the membrane surface aeration amount Qm is supplied to the membrane separation tank 2 . ) A value set in advance to satisfy the DO target value DO* required for the management standard, which is calculated by statistical analysis using past operation data, or simulation such as an activated sludge model.

另外，式（1）的常數D1優選為設定為比各處理場之生物反應槽1的DO的下限值更大的值，藉此由於DO*確實地超過DO的下限值，能夠得到良好的處理水質。In addition, it is preferable to set the constant D1 of the formula (1) to a value larger than the lower limit value of DO in the bioreactor tank 1 of each treatment site, so that DO* can surely exceed the lower limit value of DO, so that a good treated water quality.

此外，在目標輔助曝氣量設定部7，藉由根據由DO測定部11測定之DO與由目標水質設定部13計算出之DO的目標值的差值之PI控制，計算出輔助曝氣量的目標值。藉此，決定輔助曝氣量的目標值，使得由DO測定部11測定之DO成為由目標水質設定部13計算出之DO的目標值。In addition, in the target assist aeration amount setting unit 7, the assist aeration amount is calculated by PI control based on the difference between the DO measured by the DO measuring unit 11 and the target value of DO calculated by the target water quality setting unit 13 target value. Thereby, the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount is determined so that the DO measured by the DO measuring unit 11 becomes the target value of DO calculated by the target water quality setting unit 13 .

通常在DO與輔助曝氣量之間存在正相關，由於在生物反應槽1內的被處理水之溶解的氧量隨著輔助曝氣量增加而增加，DO會增加。另一方面，DO隨著輔助曝氣量減少而減少。Generally, there is a positive correlation between DO and the amount of auxiliary aeration. Since the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water to be treated in the biological reaction tank 1 increases as the amount of auxiliary aeration increases, DO will increase. On the other hand, DO decreases as the amount of auxiliary aeration decreases.

在上述的式（1），由於DO的目標值在膜面曝氣量增加的情況下減少，輔助曝氣量的目標值也相應地減少。此外，由於膜面曝氣量增加而加速了在膜分離槽2內的生物處理，即使減少生物反應槽1的輔助曝氣量，也能夠在將最終處理水質控制在管理基準以下的同時抑制過剩的輔助曝氣。In the above formula (1), since the target value of DO decreases when the aeration amount of the membrane surface increases, the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount also decreases accordingly. In addition, the biological treatment in the membrane separation tank 2 is accelerated due to the increase in the aeration amount of the membrane surface, and even if the auxiliary aeration amount of the biological reaction tank 1 is reduced, it is possible to control the final treated water quality below the management standard while suppressing excess auxiliary aeration.

此外，在式（1），膜面曝氣量減少的情況，由於DO的目標值增加，輔助曝氣量的目標值也相應地增加。由於膜面曝氣量減少而減速了在膜分離槽2內的生物處理，藉由使生物反應槽1的輔助曝氣量增加，能夠將最終處理水質控制在管理基準以下。In addition, in the formula (1), when the aeration amount of the membrane surface decreases, since the target value of DO increases, the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount also increases accordingly. The biological treatment in the membrane separation tank 2 is decelerated due to the decrease in the aeration rate of the membrane surface, and by increasing the auxiliary aeration rate of the biological reaction tank 1, the final treated water quality can be controlled below the management standard.

藉由以上的構成，在實施形態2中藉由在膜分離槽2的膜面曝氣量增加的情況下使生物反應槽1的DO的目標值減少，且在膜分離槽2的膜面曝氣量減少的情況下使生物反應槽1地DO的目標值增加，能夠在良好地維持處理水質的同時抑制過剩的輔助曝氣。With the above configuration, in Embodiment 2, when the aeration amount of the membrane surface of the membrane separation tank 2 is increased, the target value of DO of the bioreactor tank 1 is decreased, and the aeration amount of the membrane surface of the membrane separation tank 2 is reduced. When the air volume decreases, the target value of DO in the biological reaction tank 1 is increased, and excess auxiliary aeration can be suppressed while maintaining the treated water quality well.

另外，以上雖然說明了生物反應槽1與膜分離槽2分割成2槽的情況，並非限定於此，即使是在1個槽內利用生物反應進行淨化處理的生物反應區域、和設置了分離膜3之膜分離區域共存的情況下也可獲得同樣的效果。In addition, although the case where the biological reaction tank 1 and the membrane separation tank 2 are divided into two tanks has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this. Even a biological reaction area where purification treatment is performed by biological reaction in one tank and a separation membrane are installed. The same effect can be obtained even when the membrane separation regions of 3 coexist.

實施形態3 根據第3圖以說明關於實施形態3之水處理裝置。第3圖是關於實施形態3之水處理裝置的全體構成圖。Embodiment 3 The water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIG. 3 . Fig. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of the water treatment apparatus according to the third embodiment.

如此圖所示，在配管a設置有用於測定流入生物反應槽1之被處理水的流入負荷的流入負荷測定部14。在流入負荷測定部14通常具備流量計、及污染物濃度計（氨態氮濃度計、全氮濃度計、BOD計、COD計等）當中之1個以上的測量設備。另外，在利用經驗能夠事先預想污染物濃度的情況下也可以只設置流量計。在此，BOD為Biochemical Oxygen Demand的略稱，COD為Chemical Oxygen Demand的略稱。As shown in this figure, the inflow load measurement part 14 for measuring the inflow load of the to-be-processed water which flows into the biological reaction tank 1 is provided in the piping a. The inflow load measuring unit 14 is usually provided with one or more measuring devices among a flow meter and a pollutant concentration meter (ammonia nitrogen concentration meter, total nitrogen concentration meter, BOD meter, COD meter, etc.). In addition, only the flowmeter may be installed when the contaminant concentration can be predicted in advance using experience. Here, BOD is an abbreviation for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, and COD is an abbreviation for Chemical Oxygen Demand.

此外，在流量計與污染物濃度計都具備的情況，能夠計算出作為流入負荷之流入生物反應槽1的被處理水的流量與污濁物濃度的積。此外，在不具備流量計的處理場，也可以使用流入渠的開口作為流量計的代替。進一步地，因為考慮季節等的影響，除了流量計、或污染物濃度計，也可以具備水溫計。In addition, in the case where both the flow meter and the pollutant concentration meter are provided, the product of the flow rate of the water to be treated flowing into the biological reaction tank 1 as the inflow load and the pollutant concentration can be calculated. In addition, in a processing site that does not have a flow meter, the opening of the inflow channel can be used instead of the flow meter. Furthermore, in consideration of the influence of seasons and the like, in addition to the flow meter or the pollutant concentration meter, a water temperature meter may be provided.

另外，由於考慮透過配管e送回生物反應槽1的活性污泥部分以測定流入負荷，也可以將流入負荷測定部14設置於靠近生物反應槽內的配管a或配管e的位置。由流入負荷測定部14測定的流入負荷透過信號線14a傳送至目標水質設定部13。因為其他的構成與實施形態2相同，相同的部分或對應的部分標記相同的符號且省略說明。In addition, the inflow load measurement unit 14 may be provided at a position close to the pipe a or the pipe e in the bioreactor tank, in consideration of the measurement of the inflow load by considering the activated sludge portion sent back to the bioreactor tank 1 through the pipe e. The inflow load measured by the inflow load measurement unit 14 is transmitted to the target water quality setting unit 13 through the signal line 14a. Since other structures are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same parts or corresponding parts are denoted by the same symbols, and the description thereof will be omitted.

接著，說明在目標水質設定部13的DO的目標值的計算方法。DO的目標值是根據由目標膜面曝氣量計算部9計算出之膜面曝氣量的目標值、和以流入負荷測定部14測定之流入負荷所計算出。作為範例，根據式（2）以決定DO的目標值。Next, the calculation method of the target value of DO in the target water quality setting part 13 is demonstrated. The target value of DO is calculated based on the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount calculated by the target membrane surface aeration amount calculation unit 9 and the inflow load measured by the inflow load measurement unit 14 . As an example, according to equation (2) to determine the target value of DO.

式（2）：DO* = A2/Qm + B2 × Sin + D2 在此，DO*為生物反應槽1的DO的目標值，A2、B2、D2為正的常數，Qm為膜分離槽2的膜面曝氣量，Sin為由流入負荷測定部14測定的流入負荷的意思。Equation (2): DO* = A2/Qm + B2 × Sin + D2 Here, DO* is the target value of DO in the bioreactor 1, A2, B2, and D2 are positive constants, Qm is the membrane surface aeration amount of the membrane separation tank 2, and Sin is the inflow measured by the inflow load measuring unit 14. load means.

在式（2），常數A2、B2、D2是在膜面曝氣量Qm被供給至膜分離槽2的情況下，為了計算出用於使從過濾幫浦4排出之處理水的水質（處理水質）滿足管理基準之必要的DO的目標值DO*而預先設定的值，其藉由使用了過去的運算資料的統計分析、或活性污泥模型等的模擬而計算出。In the formula (2), the constants A2, B2, and D2 are used to calculate the quality of the treated water discharged from the filtration pump 4 when the membrane aeration amount Qm is supplied to the membrane separation tank 2 (treatment Water quality) A value set in advance to satisfy the DO target value DO* required for the management standard, which is calculated by statistical analysis using past calculation data, or simulation such as an activated sludge model.

另外，式（2）的常數D2優選為設定為比各處理場之生物反應槽1的DO的下限值更大的值，藉此由於DO*確實地超過DO的下限值，能夠得到良好的處理水質。In addition, it is preferable to set the constant D2 of the formula (2) to a value larger than the lower limit value of DO in the biological reaction tank 1 of each treatment site, so that DO* can surely exceed the lower limit value of DO, so that a good treated water quality.

此外，與實施形態2的差別在於，在DO的目標值的計算式中併入與流入負荷成比例的演算式（+B2×Sin）。在一般的都市污水處理場，晴天時在一天中的流入負荷的變動可以見到一定的模式（pattern）。最著名的變動模式為在早上與晚上可以見到流入負荷的峰值的模式。In addition, the difference from Embodiment 2 is that a calculation formula (+B2×Sin) proportional to the inflow load is incorporated into the calculation formula of the target value of DO. In a general urban sewage treatment plant, a certain pattern can be seen in the variation of the inflow load in a day on a sunny day. The most well-known variation pattern is the pattern in which peaks in inflow load can be seen in the morning and evening.

在此，由於晴天時的流入負荷的變動幅度比較小，使式（2）之DO的目標值變動的主要原因通常是膜面曝氣量的目標值（Qm*）。因此，在晴天時的運轉下，在膜分離槽2的膜面曝氣量增加的情況下，生物反應槽1的DO的目標值減少，且在膜分離槽2的膜面曝氣量減少的情況下，生物反應槽1的DO的目標值增加。Here, since the fluctuation range of the inflow load on sunny days is relatively small, the main reason for the fluctuation of the DO target value of the formula (2) is usually the target value (Qm*) of the membrane surface aeration amount. Therefore, when the aeration amount of the membrane surface of the membrane separation tank 2 is increased during the operation in fine weather, the target DO value of the biological reaction tank 1 decreases, and the aeration amount of the membrane surface of the membrane separation tank 2 decreases. In this case, the DO target value of the bioreactor tank 1 is increased.

另一方面，雨天時由於被處理水被雨水稀釋，流入負荷急遽減少。例如，在一般的都市污水，晴天時之平均被處理水的氨態氮濃度為20~30mg-N/L左右的情況下，雨天時被處理水的氨態氮濃度可能會減少至1mg-N/L。如此因為雨天而流入負荷大幅減少的情況，生物反應槽所需的輔助曝氣量也可能相應地大幅減少。On the other hand, in rainy days, since the treated water is diluted by the rainwater, the inflow load decreases sharply. For example, in general urban sewage, when the average ammonia nitrogen concentration of the treated water is about 20 to 30 mg-N/L on sunny days, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the treated water may be reduced to 1 mg-N on rainy days. /L. When the inflow load is greatly reduced due to rain in this way, the auxiliary aeration amount required for the biological reaction tank may also be greatly reduced accordingly.

如實施形態2所示，根據式（1）以計算出DO的目標值的情況下，如果膜面曝氣量減少，輔助曝氣量增加，與流入負荷的值無關。但是，如本實施形態，由於根據式（2）以計算出DO的目標值，雨天時流入負荷急遽減少的情況下，DO的目標值的計算之流入負荷（Sin）的貢獻增大，DO的目標值減少（推導出演算結果）。As shown in Embodiment 2, when the target value of DO is calculated according to the formula (1), if the aeration amount of the membrane surface decreases, the auxiliary aeration amount increases, regardless of the value of the inflow load. However, as in the present embodiment, since the target value of DO is calculated according to the formula (2), when the inflow load decreases sharply on rainy days, the contribution of the inflow load (Sin) to the calculation of the target value of DO increases, and the amount of DO The target value is reduced (calculation results are derived).

因此，即使是膜面曝氣量減少的情況，生物反應槽的DO的目標值也不會增大至必要以上。此外，藉此，能夠抑制在生物反應槽1中的過剩的輔助曝氣的供給。Therefore, even if the aeration rate of the membrane surface decreases, the target DO value of the bioreactor will not be increased more than necessary. Moreover, by this, the supply of excess auxiliary aeration in the bioreactor tank 1 can be suppressed.

利用以上的構成，在實施形態3，根據膜分離槽2的膜面曝氣量與流入生物反應槽1之被處理水的流入負荷，藉由計算出生物反應槽1的DO的目標值，能夠在良好地維持處理水質的同時抑制過剩的輔助曝氣。With the above configuration, in Embodiment 3, the target DO value of the bioreactor tank 1 can be calculated based on the aeration amount of the membrane surface of the membrane separation tank 2 and the inflow load of the water to be treated flowing into the bioreactor tank 1 . Excessive auxiliary aeration is suppressed while maintaining the treated water quality well.

實施形態4 根據第4圖以說明關於實施形態4之水處理裝置。第4圖為關於本實施形態之水處理裝置的全體構成圖。Embodiment 4 The water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 4 will be described with reference to FIG. 4 . Fig. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of the water treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment.

測定生物反應槽1內的污染物濃度之污染物濃度測定部15的濃度測定器是設置於生物反應槽1內。此濃度測定器的設置場所雖然能夠設置於生物反應槽1內的任何的地方，由於其主要作用為測定流入生物反應槽1之被處理水在生物反應槽1內的處理結束時的污染物濃度，優選為將污染物濃度測定部15的濃度測定器設置於靠近配管b的位置。此外，污染物濃度測定部15的濃度測定部也可以是設置於配管b。The concentration measuring device of the pollutant concentration measuring part 15 which measures the pollutant concentration in the biological reaction tank 1 is installed in the biological reaction tank 1 . Although the installation place of the concentration measuring device can be installed anywhere in the biological reaction tank 1, its main function is to measure the pollutant concentration of the water to be treated flowing into the biological reaction tank 1 at the end of the treatment in the biological reaction tank 1. , it is preferable to install the concentration measuring device of the pollutant concentration measuring unit 15 at a position close to the piping b. In addition, the concentration measuring part of the pollutant concentration measuring part 15 may be provided in the piping b.

另外，雖然污染物濃度測定部15也可以是設置於膜分離槽2內，為了更正確地測定在生物反應槽1所處理的被處理水的污染物濃度，優選為將污染物濃度測定部15設置於生物反應槽1內或配管b。在此，具有污染物濃度測定部15的污染物濃度計是用於測定被處理水中的污染物濃度的測量器，作為污染物濃度計，其示例為氨態氮濃度計、全氮濃度計、BOD計、COD計等的測量設備。污染物濃度測定部15具備上述污染物濃度計當中之1個以上的測量設備。In addition, although the pollutant concentration measuring unit 15 may be provided in the membrane separation tank 2, in order to more accurately measure the pollutant concentration of the water to be treated in the biological reaction tank 1, it is preferable to use the pollutant concentration measuring unit 15 It is installed in the biological reaction tank 1 or piping b. Here, the pollutant concentration meter having the pollutant concentration measuring unit 15 is a measuring device for measuring the concentration of pollutants in the water to be treated, and examples of the pollutant concentration meter are ammonia nitrogen concentration meters, total nitrogen concentration meters, Measuring equipment such as BOD meter and COD meter. The pollutant concentration measuring unit 15 includes one or more measuring devices among the aforementioned pollutant concentration meters.

接著，由上述污染物濃度測定部15測定的污染物濃度透過信號線15a傳送至目標輔助曝氣量設定部7。在目標輔助曝氣量設定部7，計算出輔助曝氣量的目標值，使得生物反應槽1的污染物濃度成為由目標水質設定部13計算出的污染物濃度的目標值。 因為其他的構成與實施形態2相同，相同的部分或對應的部分標記相同的符號且省略說明。Next, the pollutant concentration measured by the pollutant concentration measuring unit 15 is transmitted to the target auxiliary aeration amount setting unit 7 through the signal line 15a. The target auxiliary aeration amount setting unit 7 calculates the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount so that the pollutant concentration of the biological reaction tank 1 becomes the target value of the pollutant concentration calculated by the target water quality setting unit 13 . Since other structures are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same parts or corresponding parts are denoted by the same symbols, and the description thereof will be omitted.

接著，說明關於在目標水質設定部13的污染物濃度的目標值的計算方法。以下，雖然是說明具備作為污染物濃度測定部15的氨態氮濃度計的情況，具備其他的測量器的情況也是同樣的。污染物濃度的目標值是根據由目標膜面曝氣量計算部9計算出的膜面曝氣量的目標值所計算出。作為示例，根據以下所示的式（3）來決定污染物濃度的目標值。Next, a method for calculating the target value of the pollutant concentration in the target water quality setting unit 13 will be described. Hereinafter, although the case where the ammonia nitrogen concentration meter is provided as the pollutant concentration measurement part 15 is demonstrated, the case where other measuring instruments are provided is the same. The target value of the pollutant concentration is calculated based on the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount calculated by the target membrane surface aeration amount calculation unit 9 . As an example, the target value of the pollutant concentration is determined according to Equation (3) shown below.

式（3）：NH4 * = A3 × Qm + D3 在此，NH4 *為生物反應槽1的氨態氮濃度的目標值，A3、D3為正的常數，Qm為膜分離槽2的膜面曝氣量。Formula (3): NH 4 * = A3 × Qm + D3 Here, NH 4 * is the target value of the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the bioreactor 1, A3 and D3 are positive constants, and Qm is the membrane in the membrane separation tank 2 surface aeration.

式（3）的常數A3、D3是在供給膜面曝氣量Qm至膜分離槽2的情況下，為了計算出用於使從過濾幫浦4排出之處理水的水質（處理水質）滿足管理基準之必要的生物反應槽1內的氨態氮濃度的目標值NH4 *而預先設定的值，其藉由使用了過去的運算資料的統計分析、或活性污泥模型等的模擬而計算出。The constants A3 and D3 of the formula (3) are used to calculate the water quality (treated water quality) of the treated water discharged from the filtration pump 4 in order to satisfy the management when supplying the membrane surface aeration amount Qm to the membrane separation tank 2. A value set in advance for the target value NH 4 * of the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the biological reaction tank 1 necessary for the reference, which is calculated by statistical analysis using past calculation data, or simulation such as an activated sludge model. .

在目標輔助曝氣量設定部7，藉由根據由污染物濃度測定部15測定之氨態氮濃度與由目標水質設定部13計算出之氨態氮的目標值的差值來控制PID，計算出輔助曝氣量的目標值。藉此，決定輔助曝氣量的目標值，使得由污染物濃度測定部15測定之氨態氮濃度成為由目標水質設定部13計算出之氨態氮濃度的目標值。In the target auxiliary aeration amount setting unit 7 , the PID is controlled based on the difference between the ammonia nitrogen concentration measured by the pollutant concentration measuring unit 15 and the target value of ammonia nitrogen calculated by the target water quality setting unit 13 . The target value of auxiliary aeration amount is output. Thereby, the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount is determined so that the ammonia nitrogen concentration measured by the pollutant concentration measuring unit 15 becomes the target value of the ammonia nitrogen concentration calculated by the target water quality setting unit 13 .

與實施形態2的差異在於，在目標水質設定部13，計算出生物反應槽1內的氨態氮濃度（污染物濃度）的目標值。藉由直接測定污染物濃度，能夠在維持恆定的處理水質的同時削減過剩的輔助曝氣量。The difference from Embodiment 2 is that the target water quality setting unit 13 calculates the target value of the ammonia nitrogen concentration (contaminant concentration) in the biological reaction tank 1 . By directly measuring the pollutant concentration, it is possible to reduce the excess auxiliary aeration amount while maintaining a constant treated water quality.

與實施形態2的另一個差異在於，氨態氮濃度的目標值與膜面曝氣量的目標值成比例。一般而言氨態氮濃度與輔助曝氣量之間存在負相關，生物反應槽1內的氨態氮濃度隨著輔助曝氣量增加而減少。另一方面，生物反應槽1內的氨態氮濃度隨著輔助曝氣量減少而增加。Another difference from Embodiment 2 is that the target value of the ammonia nitrogen concentration is proportional to the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount. Generally speaking, there is a negative correlation between the ammonia nitrogen concentration and the auxiliary aeration amount, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the biological reaction tank 1 decreases as the auxiliary aeration amount increases. On the other hand, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the biological reaction tank 1 increases as the auxiliary aeration amount decreases.

在上述式（3），在膜面曝氣量增加的情況下，由於在膜分離槽2內促進了生物反應，將生物反應槽1內的氨態氮濃度的目標值設定得較高。於是，輔助曝氣量的目標值減少。此外，在上述式（3），在膜面曝氣量減少的情況下，由於在生物反應槽內的氨態氮濃度的目標值減少，因此輔助曝氣量的目標值也相應的增加。由於膜面曝氣量減少使得在膜分離槽2內的生物處理減速，藉由使生物反應槽1的輔助曝氣量增加，能夠將最終的處理水質控制在管理基準以下。In the above formula (3), when the aeration rate of the membrane surface is increased, since the biological reaction is promoted in the membrane separation tank 2, the target value of the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the biological reaction tank 1 is set high. Then, the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount decreases. In addition, in the above formula (3), when the aeration amount of the membrane surface decreases, since the target value of the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the biological reaction tank decreases, the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount also increases accordingly. The biological treatment in the membrane separation tank 2 is decelerated due to the decrease in the aeration amount of the membrane surface, and the final treated water quality can be controlled below the management standard by increasing the auxiliary aeration amount of the biological reaction tank 1 .

利用以上的構成，本實施形態4在膜分離槽2的膜面曝氣量增加的情況下，生物反應槽1的污染物濃度的目標值增加，且在膜分離槽2的膜面曝氣量減少的情況下，藉由使生物反應槽1的污染物濃度的目標值減少，能夠在良好地維持處理水質的同時抑制過剩的輔助曝氣。With the above configuration, in the fourth embodiment, when the aeration amount of the membrane surface of the membrane separation tank 2 increases, the target value of the contaminant concentration in the biological reaction tank 1 is increased, and the aeration amount of the membrane surface of the membrane separation tank 2 is increased. In the case of decreasing, by decreasing the target value of the contaminant concentration in the biological reaction tank 1, it is possible to suppress excess auxiliary aeration while maintaining the treated water quality favorably.

實施形態5 根據第5圖以說明關於實施形態5之水處理裝置。第5圖為關於本實施形態5之水處理裝置的全體構成圖。Embodiment 5 The water treatment apparatus according to the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 5 . Fig. 5 is an overall configuration diagram of the water treatment apparatus according to the fifth embodiment.

雖然在配管a設置有用於測定流入生物反應槽1之被處理水的流入負荷的流入負荷測定部14，其與上述的實施形態2~4不同。在流入負荷測定部14具備有流量計、污染物濃度計（氨態氮濃度計、全氮濃度計、BOD計、COD計等）當中之1個以上的測量設備。在此情況下，只具備流量計的情況為在事先知道被處理水之污染物濃度的情況下求出流入負荷的情況；只具備污染物濃度計的情況為在事先確定被處理水之流量的情況下求出流入負荷的情況。具備流量計與污染物濃度計兩者的情況能夠以流入生物反應槽1之被處理水的流量與污染物濃度的積作為流入負荷以計算出結果。此外，本實施形態5的控制部20與實施形態2~4不同，本實施形態5不具備目標水質設定部。Although the inflow load measuring part 14 for measuring the inflow load of the to-be-processed water which flows into the biological reaction tank 1 is provided in the piping a, this is different from the above-mentioned Embodiments 2 to 4. The inflow load measuring unit 14 is provided with one or more measuring devices among a flow meter and a pollutant concentration meter (ammonia nitrogen concentration meter, total nitrogen concentration meter, BOD meter, COD meter, etc.). In this case, if only a flow meter is provided, the inflow load is obtained when the concentration of pollutants in the water to be treated is known in advance; if only the concentration of pollutants is provided, the flow rate of the water to be treated is determined in advance. The situation of the inflow load is obtained. When both the flowmeter and the pollutant concentration meter are provided, the result can be calculated by taking the product of the flow rate of the water to be treated and the pollutant concentration flowing into the biological reaction tank 1 as the inflow load. In addition, the control part 20 of this Embodiment 5 differs from Embodiments 2-4, and this Embodiment 5 does not have a target water quality setting part.

此外，在不具備流量計的處理場，也可以使用流量渠的開口等作為流量計的代替。進一步地，由於考慮到季節等的影響，除了流量計、或污染物濃度計以外，也可以具備水溫計。此外，由於考慮到透過配管e送回生物反應槽1的活性污泥部分以測定流入負荷，也可以將流入負荷測定部14設置於更靠近生物反應槽內的配管a或配管e的位置。由流入負荷測定部14測定的流入負荷透過信號線14a傳送至目標輔助曝氣部7。In addition, in a processing site that does not have a flow meter, an opening of a flow channel or the like may be used instead of the flow meter. Furthermore, in consideration of the influence of seasons and the like, in addition to the flow meter or the pollutant concentration meter, a water temperature meter may be provided. In addition, in consideration of the measurement of the inflow load in the activated sludge portion sent back to the bioreactor tank 1 through the pipe e, the inflow load measuring unit 14 may be provided at a position closer to the pipe a or the pipe e in the bioreactor tank. The inflow load measured by the inflow load measurement part 14 is transmitted to the target auxiliary aeration part 7 through the signal line 14a.

測定膜分離槽2內的污染物濃度之污染物濃度測定部15的污染物濃度計是設置於膜分離槽2內。此污染物濃度計的設置場所可以是膜分離槽2內的任何地方。此外，污染物濃度測定部15的污染物濃度計也可以設置於配管c。雖然污染物濃度測定部15的污染物濃度計也可以設置於配管b、生物反應槽1內，為了測定由生物反應槽1及膜分離槽2處理之被處理水的污染物濃度，優選為設置於膜分離槽2內或配管c。另外，上述污染物濃度計為用於測定被處理水中的污染物濃度的測量器，考慮測定目的、所要求的測定精度等，也有使用氨態氮濃度計、全氮濃度計、BOD計、COD計等的測量設備當中之複數個測量設備的情況。The contaminant concentration meter of the contaminant concentration measuring part 15 which measures the contaminant concentration in the membrane separation tank 2 is installed in the membrane separation tank 2 . The installation place of this pollutant concentration meter may be anywhere in the membrane separation tank 2 . In addition, the pollutant concentration meter of the pollutant concentration measuring part 15 may be installed in the piping c. Although the contaminant concentration meter of the contaminant concentration measuring unit 15 may be installed in the piping b and the biological reaction tank 1, in order to measure the pollutant concentration of the water to be treated by the biological reaction tank 1 and the membrane separation tank 2, it is preferably installed In the membrane separation tank 2 or piping c. In addition, the above-mentioned pollutant concentration meter is a measuring device for measuring the concentration of pollutants in the water to be treated. Considering the purpose of measurement, the required measurement accuracy, etc., ammonia nitrogen concentration meters, total nitrogen concentration meters, BOD meters, COD meters, etc. are also used. In the case of a plurality of measuring devices among measuring devices such as meters.

在目標輔助曝氣量設定部7，分別透過信號線14a傳送由流入負荷測定部14測定之流入負荷；透過信號線15a傳送由污染物濃度測定部15測定之污染物濃度；且透過信號線9b傳送由目標膜面曝氣量計算部9計算出之膜面曝氣量的目標值以計算出生物反應槽1的輔助曝氣量的目標值。 由於其他的構成大致上與實施形態3同樣，相同的部分、或對應的部分以相同的符號標記並省略說明。In the target auxiliary aeration amount setting part 7, the inflow load measured by the inflow load measuring part 14 is transmitted through the signal line 14a; the pollutant concentration measured by the pollutant concentration measuring part 15 is transmitted through the signal line 15a; and the signal line 9b is transmitted. The target value of the membrane surface aeration amount calculated by the target membrane surface aeration amount calculation unit 9 is transmitted to calculate the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount of the biological reaction tank 1 . Since other structures are substantially the same as those of the third embodiment, the same parts or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

接著，說明在目標輔助曝氣量7的輔助曝氣量的目標值的計算方法。以下，雖然是說明污染物濃度測定部15作為污染物濃度計且具備氨態氮濃度計的情況，具備其他的測量器的情況也是同樣的。輔助曝氣量的目標值是根據由目標輔助曝氣量計算部9計算出之膜面曝氣量的目標值所決定。作為具體的示例，根據以下所示的式（4）來決定輔助曝氣量的目標值。另外，在實施形態2~4說明的控制部的元件當中之目標水質設定部，雖然在關於本實施形態5的圖之第5圖並未顯示於圖中，如以下所說明，藉由內藏於目標輔助曝氣量7的處理器等，進行PI控制演算，實質上，進行了與目標水質設定部存在的情況同樣的處理。Next, a calculation method of the target value of the assist aeration amount at the target assist aeration amount 7 will be described. Hereinafter, although the case where the pollutant concentration measuring unit 15 is provided as a pollutant concentration meter and is provided with an ammonia nitrogen concentration meter will be described, the same applies to the case where other measuring instruments are provided. The target value of the auxiliary aeration amount is determined based on the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount calculated by the target auxiliary aeration amount calculation unit 9 . As a specific example, the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount is determined according to the following formula (4). In addition, the target water quality setting unit among the elements of the control unit described in Embodiments 2 to 4 is not shown in FIG. 5 of the drawings related to Embodiment 5. As described below, it is built in PI control calculation is performed on the processor or the like of the target auxiliary aeration amount 7, and substantially the same processing as in the case where the target water quality setting unit exists is performed.

式（4）：Qa* = A4 × Qm + B4 × Sin+ C4 × [(NH4 − NH4 *) + {Σ(NH4 − NH4 *)}/Ti] + D4 在此，Qa*為生物反應槽1的輔助曝氣量的目標值，A4為負的整數，B4、C4、D4為正的整數，Ti為表示積分時間（單位為秒）的值，Qm為膜分離槽2的膜面曝氣量，Sin為由流入負荷測定部14測定的流入負荷，NH4 為由污染物濃度測定部15測定的氨態氮濃度，NH4* 為膜分離槽2內的氨態氮濃度的目標值。此外，Σ是指開始由式（4）計算目標輔助曝氣量以後的(NH4 − NH4 *)的測定值的合計。例如，如果考慮根據式（4）之目標輔助曝氣量的計算是以1分鐘間隔來進行的情形，1小時後的Σ(NH4 − NH4 *)的值會是剛開始由式（4）計算目標輔助曝氣量後的60次份之每1分鐘的(NH4 − NH4 *)的測定值之合計值。此外，Ti的倒數（1/Ti）為關於Σ(NH4 − NH4 *)的常數，為了使由污染物濃度測定部15測定的氨態氮濃度NH4 變成NH4 *，在1秒到3600秒的範圍調整Ti。Formula (4): Qa* = A4 × Qm + B4 × Sin+ C4 × [(NH 4 − NH 4 *) + {Σ(NH 4 − NH 4 *)}/Ti] + D4 Here, Qa* is the biological The target value of the auxiliary aeration amount of the reaction tank 1, A4 is a negative integer, B4, C4, and D4 are positive integers, Ti is a value indicating the integration time (unit is second), and Qm is the membrane surface of the membrane separation tank 2. The aeration amount, Sin is the inflow load measured by the inflow load measuring unit 14 , NH 4 is the ammonia nitrogen concentration measured by the pollutant concentration measuring unit 15 , and NH 4 * is the target ammonia nitrogen concentration in the membrane separation tank 2 value. In addition, Σ is the sum of the measured values of (NH 4 − NH 4 *) after the calculation of the target auxiliary aeration amount by the formula (4) is started. For example, if considering the case where the calculation of the target auxiliary aeration amount according to the formula (4) is performed at 1-minute intervals, the value of Σ(NH 4 − NH 4 *) after 1 hour will be the value at the beginning by the formula (4) ) The total value of the measured values of (NH 4 − NH 4 *) per 1 minute for 60 times after calculating the target auxiliary aeration amount. In addition, the reciprocal of Ti (1/Ti) is a constant with respect to Σ(NH 4 − NH 4 *), and in order to change the ammonia nitrogen concentration NH 4 measured by the pollutant concentration measuring unit 15 to NH 4 *, it takes 1 second to A range of 3600 seconds adjusts Ti.

在式（4）藉由以下的（a）~（d）的4個的總合計算出輔助曝氣量的目標值。 （a）對膜面曝氣量的目標值的比例控制 （b）對流入負荷的比例控制 （c）用於將膜分離槽2內的氨態氮濃度控制在目標值的PI控制 （d）常數In the formula (4), the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount is calculated from the total of the following four (a) to (d). (a) Proportional control of the target value of the aeration rate of the membrane surface (b) Proportional control of inflow load (c) PI control for controlling the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the membrane separation tank 2 to a target value (d) Constant

在（a）中，比例常數A4被設定為負的值。藉此，在膜面曝氣量的目標值增加的情況下輔助曝氣量的目標值減少，在膜面曝氣量的目標值減少的情況下輔助曝氣量的目標值增加。In (a), the proportionality constant A4 is set to a negative value. Thereby, when the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount increases, the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount decreases, and when the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount decreases, the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount increases.

在（b）中，包含與流入負荷成比例的控制。在雨天等流入負荷大幅減少的情況，生物反應槽1需要的空氣量也大幅減少。這樣的時候，有時即使是膜面曝氣量的目標值減少的狀況也未必會有使輔助曝氣量的目標值增加的必要。因此，藉由加入（b）的演算式，由於能夠在流入負荷顯著降低的情況下使輔助曝氣量的目標值降低，能夠抑制在生物反應槽1的過剩的輔助曝氣的供給。In (b), a control proportional to the inflow load is included. When the inflow load is greatly reduced, such as on rainy days, the amount of air required for the bioreactor tank 1 is also greatly reduced. In such a case, even if the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount decreases, it may not necessarily be necessary to increase the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount. Therefore, by adding the calculation formula of (b), the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount can be reduced when the inflow load is significantly reduced, and the supply of the excess auxiliary aeration to the biological reaction tank 1 can be suppressed.

在（c）中，包含根據由污染物濃度測定部15測定之氨態氮濃度與氨態氮濃度的目標值的差值之PI控制的演算。藉此，能夠恆定地維持處理水質，能夠穩定地得到良好的處理水質。雖然氨態氮濃度的目標值可以在整個水處理的期間是固定的，也可以根據時間、季節而變更，但是氨態氮濃度的目標值是設定為各處理場規定的管理基準以下的值。In (c), calculation of PI control based on the difference between the ammonia nitrogen concentration measured by the pollutant concentration measuring unit 15 and the target value of the ammonia nitrogen concentration is included. Thereby, the treated water quality can be constantly maintained, and favorable treated water quality can be stably obtained. The target value of ammonia nitrogen concentration may be fixed throughout the water treatment period, or may be changed according to time and season, but the target value of ammonia nitrogen concentration is set to a value equal to or lower than the management standard prescribed by each treatment site.

在（d）中，常數D4優選為設定為比在各處理場之生物反應槽1的輔助曝氣量的下限值更大的值，藉此由於輔助曝氣量確實地超過下限值，能夠得到良好的處理水質。In (d), the constant D4 is preferably set to a value larger than the lower limit value of the auxiliary aeration amount in the biological reaction tank 1 of each treatment site, so that the auxiliary aeration amount surely exceeds the lower limit value, Can get good treated water quality.

藉由利用上述（a）~（d）的4個的演算以計算出輔助曝氣量的目標值，不只是在膜分離槽2內進行的生物處理，由於也考慮了往生物反應槽1的流入負荷、或處理水質以決定輔助曝氣量的目標值，能夠不會過多也不會不足地供給必要的空氣量以處理流入生物反應槽1之被處理水的污染物量。因此，能夠抑制往生物反應槽1的過剩的曝氣。By calculating the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount by using the four operations of the above (a) to (d), not only the biological treatment in the membrane separation tank 2 but also the biological treatment in the biological reaction tank 1 is considered. The inflow load or the water quality to be treated determines the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount, and it is possible to supply a necessary amount of air to treat the amount of pollutants in the water to be treated flowing into the biological reaction tank 1 without being excessive or insufficient. Therefore, excessive aeration to the bioreactor tank 1 can be suppressed.

藉由以上的構成，根據膜面曝氣量的目標值以計算出輔助曝氣量的目標值，使得輔助曝氣量的目標值在膜面曝氣量的目標值增加的情況下減少，且使得輔助曝氣量的目標值在膜面曝氣量的目標值減少的情況下增加；除此之外，由於根據流入生物反應槽1之流入負荷與膜分離槽2內的污染物濃度以計算出輔助曝氣量的目標值，能夠在良好地維持處理水質的同時抑制過剩的輔助曝氣。With the above configuration, the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount is calculated according to the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount, so that the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount decreases when the target value of the membrane surface aeration amount increases, and The target value of the auxiliary aeration volume is increased when the target value of the membrane surface aeration volume is reduced; in addition, the calculation is based on the inflow load into the biological reaction tank 1 and the pollutant concentration in the membrane separation tank 2. By setting the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount, excess auxiliary aeration can be suppressed while maintaining the treated water quality well.

如以上說明所述，在任一實施形態，由於考慮到利用在膜分離槽的膜面曝氣以進行的生物處理來決定在生物反應槽的輔助曝氣量，在膜分離槽的膜面曝氣量增加的情況下抑制了在生物反應槽的過剩的曝氣。另一方面，在膜分離槽的膜面曝氣減少的情況下，為了補償在膜分離槽受到抑制的生物處理，增加在生物反應槽的曝氣量，良好地維持處理水質。As described above, in any of the embodiments, the amount of auxiliary aeration in the biological reaction tank is determined in consideration of the biological treatment by aeration on the membrane surface of the membrane separation tank, and the aeration is performed on the membrane surface of the membrane separation tank. Excessive aeration in the bioreactor tank is suppressed when the amount is increased. On the other hand, when the aeration of the membrane surface of the membrane separation tank is reduced, in order to compensate for the biological treatment that is inhibited in the membrane separation tank, the amount of aeration in the biological reaction tank is increased, and the treated water quality is maintained favorably.

另外，關於本發明的水處理裝置的信號處理之硬體30的一示例顯示於第6圖。如此圖所示，關於本裝置的信號處理的硬體30包含處理器31與記憶裝置32。此記憶裝置32具備未顯示於圖的隨機存取記憶體（random access memory）等的揮發性記憶裝置、和快閃記憶體（flash memory）等的非揮發性的輔助記憶裝置。此外，也可以具備硬碟（hard disk）以代替快閃記憶體。處理器31執行從記憶裝置32輸入的程式（program）。在此情況下，從輔助記憶裝置透過揮發性記憶裝置將程式輸入至處理器31。此外，處理器31也可以將演算結果等的資料輸出至記憶裝置32的揮發性記憶裝置，也可以透過揮發性記憶裝置將資料保存至輔助記憶裝置。In addition, an example of the hardware 30 of the signal processing concerning the water treatment apparatus of this invention is shown in FIG. 6. FIG. As shown in this figure, the hardware 30 for signal processing of the device includes a processor 31 and a memory device 32 . The memory device 32 includes a volatile memory device such as random access memory (not shown) and a nonvolatile auxiliary memory device such as flash memory (not shown). In addition, a hard disk may be provided instead of the flash memory. The processor 31 executes a program input from the memory device 32 . In this case, the program is input to the processor 31 from the auxiliary memory device through the volatile memory device. In addition, the processor 31 can also output data such as calculation results to the volatile memory device of the memory device 32, and can also save the data to the auxiliary memory device through the volatile memory device.

此外，儘管本發明記載了各種例示性的實施形態及實施例，但是在一個或複數個實施形態中記載的各種特徵、態樣及功能並非限定應用於特定的實施形態，可能單獨地或以各種組合應用於實施形態。 因此，在本發明說明書中揭露的技術範圍內可以預見未例示的無數變形例。例如，包含至少一個元件變形的情況，增加的情況或省略的情況，以及至少一個元件被抽出並和其他實施形態的元件組合的情況。In addition, although the present invention has described various exemplary embodiments and examples, the various features, aspects and functions described in one or more of the embodiments are not limited to a specific embodiment, and may be individually or in various The combination is applied to the embodiment. Therefore, innumerable modification examples which are not illustrated are foreseeable within the technical scope disclosed in the specification of the present invention. For example, it includes a case where at least one element is deformed, a case where it is added or omitted, and a case where at least one element is extracted and combined with the elements of other embodiments.

1:生物反應槽 2:膜分離槽 3:分離膜 5:第一散氣部 6:第二散氣部 7:目標輔助曝氣量設定部 7a,9a,9b,11a,12a,13a,14a,15a,20a:信號線 8:輔助曝氣供給部 9:目標膜面曝氣量計算部 10:膜面曝氣供給部 11:DO測定部 12:壓力測定部 13:目標水質設定部 14:流入負荷測定部 15:污染物濃度測定部 20:控制部 30:硬體 31:處理器 32:記憶裝置 100:水處理槽 a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h:配管1: Biological reaction tank 2: Membrane separation tank 3: Separation membrane 5: The first air diffuser 6: The second diffuser 7: Target auxiliary aeration rate setting section 7a, 9a, 9b, 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a, 15a, 20a: Signal lines 8: Auxiliary aeration supply part 9: Target membrane surface aeration rate calculation department 10: Membrane surface aeration supply part 11:DO measurement section 12: Pressure measuring section 13: Target Water Quality Setting Department 14: Inflow load measurement section 15: Pollutant concentration measurement department 20: Control Department 30: Hardware 31: Processor 32: Memory Device 100: Water treatment tank a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h: piping

第1圖為關於實施形態1~5之水處理裝置的構成圖。 第2圖為關於實施形態2之水處理裝置的構成圖。 第3圖為關於實施形態3之水處理裝置的構成圖。 第4圖為關於實施形態4之水處理裝置的構成圖。 第5圖為關於實施形態5之水處理裝置的構成圖。 第6圖所示為與關於實施形態1~5之關於水處理裝置的信號處理的硬體構成的一示例的圖。Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiments 1 to 5. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 2. FIG. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 3. FIG. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 4. FIG. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 5. FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration related to the signal processing of the water treatment apparatus according to Embodiments 1 to 5.

3:分離膜 3: Separation membrane

5:第一散氣部 5: The first air diffuser

6:第二散氣部 6: The second diffuser

7:目標輔助曝氣量設定部 7: Target auxiliary aeration rate setting section

12a,20a:信號線 12a, 20a: Signal line

8:輔助曝氣供給部 8: Auxiliary aeration supply part

10:膜面曝氣供給部 10: Membrane surface aeration supply part

12:壓力測定部 12: Pressure measuring section

20:控制部 20: Control Department

100:水處理槽 100: Water treatment tank

a,c,d,e,f,g,h:配管 a,c,d,e,f,g,h: Piping

Claims (7)

一種水處理裝置，其特徵為包括：藉由分離膜對在被處理水進行了生物反應的處理水進行固液分離且進行水處理的水處理裝置，具備：膜面曝氣供給部，在前述分離膜的膜面供給空氣以進行膜面曝氣；輔助曝氣供給部，與前述膜面曝氣供給部不同，供給利用前述生物反應的空氣以曝氣；控制部，根據膜面曝氣量，控制從前述輔助曝氣供給部供給的曝氣量之輔助曝氣量，其中前述膜面曝氣量係藉由前述膜面曝氣供給部供給至前述膜面供給的曝氣量，且其會伴隨過濾的繼續而變化；以及目標輔助曝氣量設定部，設定前述輔助曝氣量的目標值之輔助曝氣量目標值；前述目標輔助曝氣量設定部是構成為在前述膜面曝氣量增加的情況下使前述輔助曝氣量目標值減少，在前述膜面曝氣量減少的情況下使前述輔助曝氣量目標值增加；前述膜面曝氣供給部在前述膜面曝氣量增加的情況下進行由前述目標輔助曝氣量設定部減少的前述輔助曝氣量目標值的曝氣，在前述膜面曝氣量減少的情況下進行由前述目標輔助曝氣量設定部增加的前述輔助曝氣量目標值的前述曝氣。 A water treatment apparatus is characterized by comprising: a water treatment apparatus for performing solid-liquid separation and water treatment on treated water having undergone a biological reaction in the water to be treated by means of a separation membrane, and comprising: a membrane surface aeration supply unit; The membrane surface of the separation membrane is supplied with air to aerate the membrane surface; the auxiliary aeration supply part, different from the aeration supply part of the membrane surface, supplies the air utilizing the biological reaction for aeration; the control part is based on the aeration amount of the membrane surface , control the auxiliary aeration amount of the aeration amount supplied from the auxiliary aeration supply part, wherein the film surface aeration amount is the aeration amount supplied to the film surface by the film surface aeration supply part, and its will change as the filtration continues; and the target auxiliary aeration amount setting part sets the auxiliary aeration amount target value of the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount; the target auxiliary aeration amount setting part is configured to aerate the membrane surface. When the air volume increases, the auxiliary aeration volume target value is decreased, and when the membrane surface aeration volume is reduced, the auxiliary aeration volume target value is increased; the membrane surface aeration supply unit aerates the membrane surface When the amount of aeration is increased, the aeration of the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount reduced by the target auxiliary aeration amount setting unit is performed, and when the aeration amount of the membrane surface is decreased, the aeration is performed by the target auxiliary aeration amount setting unit. The aforementioned aeration of the aforementioned auxiliary aeration volume target value. 如請求項1之水處理裝置，更包括：生物反應槽，進行前述生物反應；水質測定部，測定前述被處理水的水質以取得水質測定值；以及目標水質設定部，設定在前述生物反應槽之水質的目標值之生物反應槽水質目標值； 前述控制部根據前述目標水質設定部設定的前述生物反應槽水質目標值、和前述水質測定部取得的前述水質測定值，控制前述輔助曝氣供給部的前述輔助曝氣量。 The water treatment device according to claim 1, further comprising: a biological reaction tank for performing the biological reaction; a water quality measuring unit for measuring the water quality of the treated water to obtain a water quality measurement value; and a target water quality setting unit for setting the biological reaction tank The target value of the water quality is the target value of the water quality of the biological reaction tank; The control unit controls the auxiliary aeration amount of the auxiliary aeration supply unit based on the target water quality value of the biological reaction tank set by the target water quality setting unit and the water quality measurement value obtained by the water quality measurement unit. 如請求項2之水處理裝置，更包括膜分離槽，前述膜分離槽與前述生物反應槽不同，且配置了前述分離膜。 The water treatment apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a membrane separation tank, wherein the membrane separation tank is different from the biological reaction tank and the separation membrane is arranged. 如請求項2或3之水處理裝置，其中：前述水質測定部被構成為取得以前述被處理水中的溶存氧濃度作為水質之前述水質測定值；前述目標水質設定部被構成為設定以在前述生物反應槽的前述溶存氧濃度作為前述水質之前述生物反應槽水質目標值。 The water treatment apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the water quality measuring unit is configured to obtain the water quality measurement value using the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water to be treated as the water quality; and the target water quality setting unit is configured to set the The dissolved oxygen concentration of the biological reaction tank is used as the water quality target value of the biological reaction tank for the water quality. 一種水處理裝置，其特徵為包括：藉由分離膜對在被處理水進行了生物反應的處理水進行固液分離且進行水處理的水處理裝置，具備：膜面曝氣供給部，在前述分離膜的膜面供給空氣以進行膜面曝氣；輔助曝氣供給部，與前述膜面曝氣供給部不同，供給利用前述生物反應的空氣以曝氣；控制部，根據膜面曝氣量，控制從前述輔助曝氣供給部供給的曝氣量之輔助曝氣量，其中前述膜面曝氣量係藉由前述膜面曝氣供給部供給至前述膜面的曝氣量，且其會伴隨過濾的繼續而變化；生物反應槽，進行前述生物反應；水質測定部，測定前述被處理水的水質以取得水質測定值；以及目標水質設定部，設定在前述生物反應槽之水質的目標值之生物反應槽水質目標值；前述控制部根據前述目標水質設定部設定的前述生物反應槽水質目標值、 和前述水質測定部取得的前述水質測定值，控制前述輔助曝氣供給部的前述輔助曝氣量；前述水質測定部被構成為取得以前述被處理水中的溶存氧濃度作為前述水質之前述水質測定值；前述目標水質設定部被構成為設定以在前述生物反應槽的前述溶存氧濃度作為前述水質之前述生物反應槽水質目標值。 A water treatment apparatus is characterized by comprising: a water treatment apparatus for performing solid-liquid separation and water treatment on treated water having undergone a biological reaction in the water to be treated by means of a separation membrane; The membrane surface of the separation membrane is supplied with air to aerate the membrane surface; the auxiliary aeration supply part, different from the aforementioned membrane surface aeration supply part, supplies the air utilizing the aforementioned biological reaction for aeration; the control part is based on the membrane surface aeration amount , control the auxiliary aeration amount of the aeration amount supplied from the auxiliary aeration supply part, wherein the aeration amount of the membrane surface is the aeration amount supplied to the membrane surface by the membrane surface aeration supply part, and it will be Changes as the filtration continues; the biological reaction tank performs the biological reaction; the water quality measurement unit measures the water quality of the treated water to obtain a water quality measurement value; and the target water quality setting unit sets the target value of the water quality in the biological reaction tank The target value of water quality in the biological reaction tank; the control unit is based on the target value of water quality in the biological reaction tank set by the target water quality setting unit, The water quality measurement value obtained by the water quality measurement unit controls the auxiliary aeration amount of the auxiliary aeration supply unit; the water quality measurement unit is configured to obtain the water quality measurement using the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water to be treated as the water quality. value; the target water quality setting unit is configured to set the biological reaction tank water quality target value with the dissolved oxygen concentration in the biological reaction tank as the water quality. 一種水處理方法，其特徵為包括：對在被處理水進行生物反應的處理水，利用分離膜進行水處理的水處理方法，包括：膜面曝氣供給步驟，將空氣供給至前述分離膜的膜面並進行膜面曝氣；輔助曝氣供給步驟，與前述膜面曝氣供給步驟不同，且利用前述生物反應供給空氣以進行曝氣；控制步驟，根據藉由前述膜面曝氣供給步驟供給至前述膜面的曝氣量之膜面曝氣量，在前述輔助曝氣供給步驟控制所供給的曝氣量之輔助曝氣量；以及目標輔助曝氣量設定步驟，設定前述輔助曝氣量的目標值之輔助曝氣量目標值；前述目標輔助曝氣量設定步驟在前述膜面曝氣量增加的情況下使前述輔助曝氣量目標值減少，在前述膜面曝氣量減少的情況下使前述輔助曝氣量目標值增加；前述膜面曝氣供給步驟在前述膜面曝氣量增加的情況下進行由前述目標輔助曝氣量設定步驟減少的前述輔助曝氣量目標值的曝氣，在前述膜面曝氣量減少的情況下進行由前述目標輔助曝氣量設定部增加的前述輔助曝氣量目標值的前述曝氣。 A water treatment method, which is characterized by comprising: using a separation membrane to treat treated water that undergoes biological reaction in the water to be treated, comprising: a membrane surface aeration supply step of supplying air to the separation membrane. membrane surface and conduct membrane surface aeration; the auxiliary aeration supply step is different from the aforementioned membrane surface aeration supply step, and utilizes the aforementioned biological reaction to supply air for aeration; the control step is based on the aforementioned membrane surface aeration supply step The membrane surface aeration volume of the aeration volume supplied to the membrane surface, the auxiliary aeration volume of the supplied aeration volume is controlled in the auxiliary aeration supply step; and the target auxiliary aeration volume setting step is to set the auxiliary aeration volume. The auxiliary aeration amount target value of the target value of the amount of the auxiliary aeration amount; the aforesaid target auxiliary aeration amount setting step reduces the aforesaid auxiliary aeration amount target value when the aeration amount of the membrane surface increases, and when the aeration amount of the membrane surface decreases In the case of increasing the aeration amount of the membrane surface, the aeration supply step of the membrane surface performs the adjustment of the target value of the auxiliary aeration amount decreased by the setting step of the target auxiliary aeration amount when the aeration amount of the membrane surface is increased. In the aeration, when the aeration amount of the membrane surface is decreased, the aeration of the auxiliary aeration amount target value increased by the target auxiliary aeration amount setting unit is performed. 一種水處理方法，其特徵為包括： 在生物反應槽中對被處理水進行生物反應的處理水，利用分離膜進行水處理的水處理方法，包括：膜面曝氣供給步驟，將空氣供給至前述分離膜的膜面並進行膜面曝氣；輔助曝氣供給步驟，與前述膜面曝氣供給步驟不同，且利用前述生物反應供給空氣以進行曝氣；控制步驟，根據膜面曝氣量，在前述輔助曝氣供給步驟控制所供給的曝氣量之輔助曝氣量，其中前述膜面曝氣量係藉由前述膜面曝氣供給步驟供給至前述膜面的曝氣量，且其會伴隨過濾的繼續而變化；水質測定步驟，測定前述被處理水的水質以取得水質測定值；以及目標水質設定步驟，設定在前述生物反應槽之水質的目標值之生物反應槽水質目標值；在前述控制步驟，根據在前述目標水質設定步驟設定的前述生物反應槽水質目標值、和在前述水質測定步驟取得的前述水質測定值，控制在前述輔助曝氣供給步驟所供給的前述輔助曝氣量；在前述水質測定步驟，取得以前述被處理水中的溶存氧濃度作為前述水質之前述水質測定值；在前述目標水質設定步驟，設定以在前述生物反應槽的前述溶存氧濃度作為前述水質之前述生物反應槽水質目標值。 A water treatment method, characterized by comprising: A water treatment method for treating water obtained by biologically reacting the water to be treated in a biological reaction tank and using a separation membrane for water treatment, comprising: a membrane surface aeration supply step of supplying air to the membrane surface of the separation membrane and conducting the membrane surface treatment. Aeration; the auxiliary aeration supply step, which is different from the aforementioned membrane surface aeration supply step, and utilizes the aforementioned biological reaction to supply air for aeration; the control step, according to the membrane surface aeration amount, in the aforementioned auxiliary aeration supply step. The auxiliary aeration amount of the supplied aeration amount, wherein the aeration amount of the membrane surface is the aeration amount supplied to the membrane surface through the aeration supply step of the membrane surface, and it will change with the continuation of filtration; water quality measurement step, measuring the water quality of the water to be treated to obtain a water quality measurement value; and a target water quality setting step, setting the biological reaction tank water quality target value of the target water quality in the biological reaction tank; in the aforementioned control step, according to the aforementioned target water quality The biological reaction tank water quality target value set in the setting step and the water quality measurement value obtained in the water quality measurement step are used to control the auxiliary aeration amount supplied in the auxiliary aeration supply step; The dissolved oxygen concentration in the water to be treated is used as the water quality measurement value of the water quality; in the target water quality setting step, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the biological reaction tank is set as the water quality target value of the biological reaction tank.
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