TWI673251B - 耐火黏合劑系統 - Google Patents

耐火黏合劑系統 Download PDF

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TWI673251B
TWI673251B TW104115052A TW104115052A TWI673251B TW I673251 B TWI673251 B TW I673251B TW 104115052 A TW104115052 A TW 104115052A TW 104115052 A TW104115052 A TW 104115052A TW I673251 B TWI673251 B TW I673251B
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TW104115052A
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TW201546023A (zh
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詹姆斯Ｗ 詩丹德拉
雷恩 賀許
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美商維蘇威美國公司
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Abstract

本發明係關於耐火聚集體系統或配方，係用於需要特定黏塑特性之應用。舉例而言，此類系統或配方可當作無水的流出孔(taphole)閉合材料使用；用低黏度有機液體結合親油流變改質劑，而給予該材料需要的稠度，以便其可被有效利用。

Description

耐火黏合劑系統
本發明係關於耐火聚集體系統或配方，係用於需要特定黏塑特性之應用。舉例而言，此類系統或配方可當作無水的流出孔(taphole)閉合材料使用；用低黏度有機液體結合親油流變改質劑，而給予該材料需要的稠度，以便其可被有效利用。
塑性係關於材料回應施力，經受不可逆形狀變化而變形之用語。熱塑性材料是隨著溫度上升而變更軟且更可塑，但隨著溫度下降而恢復更硬、更像固體狀態的一種材料。黏塑性材料或賓漢材料(Bingham material)在低應力時表現為剛體，但在高應力下則如黏性流體般流動。
煤溚或石油溚與瀝青類或酚樹脂類之混合物已用於耐火聚集體系統或配方中。這些溚類、瀝青類、或樹脂類係與增加流體摩擦之大量細粒狀物結合，並且造成非常黏滯之熱塑性材料。結果是一種具有假塑特性之材料，具有模擬真實黏塑性材料之稠度，可透過泥槍及所屬技術領域眾所周知的其他設備塗敷，以達到將敞露之鼓風爐流出孔閉合之效果。這些材料呈現出高度熱 塑性行為且非真正的黏塑性材料。高黏度液體隨著其溫度變化，黏度呈現出大變化；該特性係傳給含該液體之混合物。要製備可在冷卻時推入泥槍，而在加熱時仍硬到足以在洞裡阻擋鐵之習用材料之配方有所困難。習用配方亦具有範圍非常窄的呈對液體含量之函數的塑性。增大習用配方有用範圍之一作法是添加大量非常細的粒子。這導致該等粒子間的通道收縮，造成熱解(pyrolyzation)之氣體在使用由該配方所製成之耐火件時難以逸散。
熱塑性材料對於本發明之應用而言，具有兩端都受到限制的實用範圍(utility range)。當下的流出孔閉合材料兼含有煤溚與煤溚瀝青、或兼含石油溚與石油瀝青、及/或含有具備或不具備有機溶劑之酚樹脂。這類型的黏合系統在該材料受到加熱時發展塑性，使該材料在應用溫度下有柔軟、黏土般的稠度。該實用範圍的溫度下限是該混合物硬到無法由該泥槍推動並從該流出孔向下流動至將其塞住時的溫度。在某些情況下，混合物剛性導致「短缺流出孔(short taphole)」，其係該塞不具有所欲厚度的情形，或在極端的情況下，導致該泥槍甚至無法將該材料推出前端突出部分(nose)之情形。該實用範圍之溫度上限是該混合物因揮發物蒸發、該混合物有機部分起聚合作用或碳化作用而開始硬化的點位。
所屬技術領域眾所周知的是，在水性系統中，黏塑性是在耐火系統中藉由使用水而發展，其具有低黏度及低熱塑性的性質。然而，水性系統的缺點可在 於因液體含量之小變化而在塑性方面呈現出大變化。水性系統亦可具有與鐵起***性反應的特性。
如黏土之類的水活性流變改質劑若分散於一水性環境中，則起鬆散的交互作用以提供該耐火料一似黏土的黏彈性稠度。此類系統在所屬技術領域是眾所周知的，但尚未應用於非水性耐火系統作為流出孔閉合材料使用。流變改質劑與非水性溶劑並用時的行為不同於其與水並用時的行為。在非水性系統中控制固體與固體交互作用的程序，與在水中控制那些交互作用的程序大不相同。此外，在生產非水/固態耐火系統時，要考慮的還有具有廣闊的特性範圍之廣闊的液體選擇。
本發明係關於耐火聚集體系統或配方，係用於需要特定黏塑特性之應用。舉例而言，藉由運用非水性低黏度液體、以及與該液體交互作用的親油流變改質劑以誘發初始應用黏土需要的黏塑性，可用該系統或配方修改鼓風爐流出孔閉合材料。相較於先前技術之配方，擠壓本發明之耐火配方穿過孔口所需要之力相對於液體存在量的變化呈現較小的變化。
應用本發明之耐火配方之溫度典型為等於或介於攝氏10度與攝氏125度之間。本發明之耐火配方的最終使用溫度通常為約攝氏1540度(熔鐵的溫度)，但在鐵合金應用中可高出很多。
一種根據本發明之耐火配方可組成無水液體、耐火聚集體、以及諸如有機黏土或聚合物之類的親油流變改質劑。
該無水液體在攝氏10度測量時，可具有小於10,000厘泊、5,000厘泊、3,000厘泊或1500厘泊之黏度。該無水液體在攝氏10度測量時，可具有大於1厘泊、10厘泊或100厘泊之黏度。其可選自多不飽和脂肪類、脂族烴類、芳烴類、醇類、醛類、酯類、酮類、以及其組合。可在該無水液體中使用的材料包括松油、乙二醇、丙三醇、丙二醇、亞麻仁油、黃豆油、以及其組合。該無水液體可存在於濕配方中，其亦描述為液體與固體的總配方，所佔量之範圍係自(且包括)2wt%至(且包括)40wt%、3wt%至35wt%、或4wt%至30wt%。低黏度及熱塑性值是該無水液體的理想特性。某些適當的無水液體在溫度自攝氏65度(華氏150度)降至攝氏10度(華氏50度)的情況下，呈現範圍自10厘泊至6,000厘泊(cP)之黏度增加。某些適當的液體因自10度C至100度C之溫度變化，呈現小於2、4、6、8、10或50倍之黏度變化。丙二醇是一種適當的無水液體，自攝氏27度至攝氏49度呈現出自35厘泊至10厘泊之黏度下降。其他適當的無水液體在攝氏27度下，可具有小於50,000cP、小於40,000cP、或小於30,000cP之黏度。
該親油流變改質劑可以下列含量存在於該配方中：範圍自(且包括)0.2wt%至(且包括)50wt%、0.5wt%至45wt%、0.5wt%至20wt%、0.5wt%至10wt%、0.5wt%至5wt%、1wt%至40wt%、1wt%至20wt%、1wt%至5wt%、1wt%至4wt%、或2wt%至35wt%，以液體與固體總配方之百分率計。該親油流變改質劑可包含有機 黏土、葉矽酸鹽類、膨潤石類、水輝石或蒙脫石、以及其組合。從功能的角度看，該親油流變改質劑可與液體有效黏合以產生含具有中至高之極性之有機液體之似凝膠結構，該有機液體諸如二元醇類、酯類、酮類、乙二醇醚類、醇類及某些極性芳香族有機化合物。親油流變改質劑與適當的液體之組合物產生具有擠壓壓力之配方，該擠壓壓力隨著存在之液體量之變化所造成的改變小於先前技術配方中擠壓壓力之改變。
該有機黏土是一種類型之葉矽酸鹽黏土，其已利用四級脂肪酸胺加以處理。該處理程序包括以較大的四級銨陽離子置換天然無機可交換金屬陽離子。添加低黏度液體造成該大型陽離子分開。該聚集體這樣的推斥效應使黏塑性材料形成。
本發明之配方可包括聚合物或多種聚合物。聚合物是一種類型之化學化合物或由許多重複結構組成之化合物之混合物。該重複結構是具有低分子質量之分子，係藉由共價化學鍵予以鍵聯在一起。聚合物的生物性實例包括多醣類、纖維素及醣蛋白類。天然產生的聚合物之實例包括琥珀、羊毛、絲及天然橡膠。合成聚合物包括新平橡膠、尼龍、聚氯乙烯及聚乙烯。可在本發明配方中使用之聚合物為聚乙烯氫吡咯酮。以液體與固體總配方之百分率計，該聚合物可構成自(且包括)0.2wt%至(且包括)50wt%、自(且包括)0.5wt%至(且包括)45wt%、自(且包括)1wt%至(且包括)40wt%、自(且包括)2wt%至(且包括)35wt%。
樹脂類由於是熱固性或熱塑性聚合物而為一種特殊類型之聚合物。有許多類型之樹脂類兼具液體與粉末形式。某些實例為酚系酚醛清漆樹脂類、酚系可溶酚醛樹脂類、環氧樹脂類、聚酯樹脂類、環氧-聚酯混成樹脂類、聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂類、聚酯、以及丙烯酸類，但不限於此。以液體與固體總配方之百分率計，該樹脂可構成自(且包括)0.2wt%至(且包括)50wt%、自(且包括)0.5wt%至(且包括)45wt%、自(且包括)1wt%至(且包括)40wt%、自(且包括)2wt%至(且包括)35wt%。
該耐火聚集體可包括棕剛玉、鋁礬土、黏土、矽砂、二氧化矽、發煙二氧化矽及碳化矽。在本發明之某些實施例中，以該耐火聚集體之重量計，二氧化矽除外的耐火聚集體佔至少15%。在本發明之某些實施例中，耐火聚集體存在於濕配方、或液體與固體之總配方中的含量之範圍係自(且包括)5wt%至(且包括)90wt%、自(且包括)8wt%至(且包括)85wt%、自(且包括)10wt%至(且包括)80wt%、或自(且包括)75wt%至(且包括)97wt%。
在本發明之某些實施例中，親油流變改質劑對無水液體之重量比等於或介於1份改質劑對50份液體與1份改質劑對1份液體間之比率。在本發明之某些實施例中，親油流變改質劑對無水液體之重量比等於或介於1份改質劑對40份液體與1份改質劑對2份液體間之比率。在本發明之某些實施例中，親油流變改質劑對無水液體之重量比等於或介於1份改質劑對30份液體與1份改質劑對3份液體間之比率。
本發明之耐火配方可進一步含有碳黏合劑，或碳質黏合劑。該碳黏合劑可選自於煤溚、煤溚瀝青類、石油溚、石油溚瀝青類、樹脂類、及其組合。在本發明之特定實施例中，該碳黏合劑存在於濕配方、或液體與固體之總配方中的含量之範圍係自(且包括)0.01wt%至(且包括)20wt%、自(且包括)0.1wt%至(且包括)18wt%、自(且包括)0.5wt%至(且包括)16wt%、或自(且包括)1wt%至(且包括)15wt%。該碳黏合劑可對該配方提供高溫度強度。
碳黏合劑常用於發展使用時耐火料中之高溫度強度。在習用材料中，該碳黏合劑亦作用為提供該材料所需應用稠度之高黏度液體。結合該親油流變改質劑使用之液體可或可不與該碳黏合劑交互作用。一般來說，如果該液體對該碳黏合劑為溶劑並且使該混合料之碳黏合劑部分溶解，則會產生增加該生成混合物之熱塑性的效果。如果液體與碳黏合劑的交互作用基於任何理由係為所欲的，則仍可用本發明之配方降低熱塑性的程度，該熱塑性會在未使用該親油流變改質劑的情況下產生。有了該親油流變改質劑，可添加更高百分率之低黏度液體，同時仍保持應用稠度。
本發明之耐火配方可進一步包括含金屬的物質。可使用的含金屬物質包括鋁、矽、矽鐵、氮化矽鐵、二氧化鈦、及其組合。在本發明之特定實施例中，該金屬存在於濕配方、或液體與固體之總配方中的含量之範圍係自(且包括)0.01wt%至(且包括)10wt%、自(且包 括)0.01wt%至(且包括)9.5wt%、或自(且包括)0.5wt%至(且包括)9wt%。
本發明之耐火配方可進一步包含發煙二氧化矽。在本發明之特定實施例中，發煙二氧化矽可存在於濕配方、或液體與固體之總配方中的含量之範圍係自0.01wt%至10wt%、0.01wt%至9wt%、或0.5wt%至8wt%。
本發明之配方呈現出降低的熱塑性行為，如此，其相較於以前的混合物，在較低溫度下保持塑性及可成形性。具體而言，其在攝氏-10度至攝氏100度的溫度範圍內保持塑性及可成形性。此外，該材料之稠度在較長的溫度範圍內會更有一致性，排除應用時之變數，並在泥槍的溫度控制下允許更大的柔韌性。
10‧‧‧表示壓力值之曲線
20‧‧‧表示壓力值之曲線
30‧‧‧表示壓力值之曲線
40‧‧‧表示壓力值之曲線
50‧‧‧表示壓力值之曲線
60‧‧‧表示含有2wt%習用球狀黏土之先前技術配方之壓力值之曲線
70‧‧‧表示含有2wt%有機改質黏土之本發明配方之壓力值之曲線
圖1是先前技術之樣品及本發明之樣品在流動度試驗開始時之相片；圖2是先前技術之樣品及本發明之樣品在流動度試驗結束時之相片；圖3是本發明配方之樣品之擠壓壓力對溫度之作圖；圖4是先前技術配方之樣品之擠壓壓力對溫度之作圖；圖5是本發明無樹脂配方之樣品之擠壓壓力對溫度之作圖； 圖6是本發明含有樹脂及聚合物之配方之樣品之擠壓壓力對溫度之作圖；圖7是本發明含有松油之配方之樣品之擠壓壓力對溫度之作圖；及圖8是先前技術配方之樣品之擠壓壓力及本發明配方之樣品各對於所添加液體質量之作圖。
實例I
在本發明配方與先前技術配方比較特性差異之比較例中，兩種試驗材料是用相同的耐火聚集體製成。一試驗材料運用親油流變改質劑，而另一試驗材料則運用所屬技術領域中常用之疏油流變改質劑。使用的低黏度液體是丙二醇，且液體量經調整達到所欲稠度。該親油流變改質劑允許該材料保持成起固體作用之柱狀，而該疏油性材料緩慢流動並坍陷，行為很像黏滯液體。圖1顯示流動度試驗起始時，左邊為先前技術之樣品、以及右邊為本發明之樣品。圖2顯示靜置120秒之後，該流動度試驗結束時，左邊為先前技術之樣品、以及右邊為本發明之樣品。表I依據重量百分率與每一批料的克數顯示該兩種配方之組成。酚醛樹脂(Novalac phenolic resin)係用於先前技術配方及本發明配方中。親油流變改質劑(有機黏土)與有機液體膠凝，而球狀黏土則否。因此，本發明之配方需要更多液體，以使得在給定溫度下，在與先前技術配方相同的擠壓壓力下，是可擠壓的。表II顯示該兩種配方之樣品關於時間之高度。 本發明之配方之樣品顯示高度無變化，而先前技術配方之樣品之高度則在120秒內縮減48.1%。先前技術配方樣品之坍陷行為對於鑄造件在冶金容器中必須維持其形狀的應用並不適用。相較於先前技術配方，本發明配方在較大溫度範圍內維持其應用稠度，但未呈現出似液體特性。
根據本發明之配方已製備成複製或類似先前技術煤溚及石油溚黏結產物之特性，但在更低溫度下，以擠壓壓力測量計，具有更高的熱塑性。聚集體與低黏 度液體之混合物隨著添加少量液體，一般是由連貫塊體行為變化成液體行為。添加該親油流變改質劑使這種行為變化成一黏塑性流變。批料是利用及未用該親油流變改質劑製成。若未用該親油流變改質劑，則硬到無法應用與流動性太太高之間的溫度範圍非常窄。若利用添加該親油流變改質劑，則得以觀察到適當流動性之溫度範圍變得寬很多。
實例II
製備本發明之試驗材料，其係由下列所組成：Chinese 90%鋁氧鋁礬土59%、反應性鋁氧6%、碳化矽7.5%、藍晶石8%、各種金屬與含碳材料組成之碳黏合劑6.67%、樹脂3.33%、親油流變改質劑2%及丙二醇7.5%。在習用耐火混合機裡混合這些成分，並且使用改良型Marshall試驗器測量各種溫度下的擠壓壓力，該改良型Marshall試驗器係用於擠壓柏油，其常在柏油工業中使用。持固該材料之模具維持用以維持樣品溫度之 調定溫度。用於試驗的預設溫度為66℃。表III的第一欄顯示試驗結果；壓力是以千帕(kPa)顯示。
圖3是繪示本發明配方之擠壓壓力對溫度之函數的曲線圖，本發明配方含有當作低黏度溶劑之丙二醇。溫度是在水平軸上以攝氏度顯示。壓力是在縱軸上以千帕(kPa)顯示。曲線10是壓力值之表示。圖3顯示本發明配方在寬溫度範圍內具有低擠壓壓力，並且屬於黏塑及可成形性。
實例III
製備如先前技術已知之試驗材料，其係由下列組成：Chinese 90%鋁氧鋁礬土42.5%、鋁氧10%、碳化矽7.5%、藍晶石3.33%、發煙二氧化矽6%、球狀黏土10%、樹脂1.5%及各種焦碳類、瀝青類與含碳有機液體組成之碳黏合劑19.17%。在習用耐火混合機裡混合這些成分，並且使用改良型Marshall試驗器測量各種溫度下的擠壓壓力，該改良型Marshall試驗器係用於擠壓柏油，其常在柏油工業中使用。持固該材料之模具維持用以維持樣品溫度之調定溫度。用於試驗的預設溫度為66℃。試驗結果是在表III的第二欄顯示，壓力是以千帕(kPa)顯示。
圖4是繪示該先前技術配方之擠壓壓力對溫度之函數的曲線圖。溫度是在水平軸上以攝氏度顯示。壓力是在縱軸上以千帕(kPa)顯示。曲線20是壓力值之表示。圖4顯示相較於本發明配方，先前技術配方為黏塑及可成形性之溫度範圍非常窄。
實例IV
製備根據本發明且不含有樹脂之試驗材料，其係由下列組成：Chinese 90%鋁氧鋁礬土52%、鋁氧6%、碳化矽7.5%、各種焦碳類組成之碳黏合劑11%、親油流變改質劑2%及丙二醇13%。在習用耐火混合機裡混合這些成分，並且使用改良型Marshall試驗器測量各種溫度下的擠壓壓力，該改良型Marshall試驗器係用於擠壓柏油，其常在柏油工業中使用。持固該材料之模具維持用以維持樣品溫度之調定溫度。用於試驗的預設溫度為66℃。表III第三欄顯示試驗結果；壓力是以千帕(kPa)顯示。
圖5是繪示本發明配方之擠壓壓力對溫度之函數的曲線圖。溫度是在水平軸上以攝氏度顯示。壓力是在縱軸上以千帕(kPa)顯示。曲線30是壓力值之表示。在180度C以上觀察到之壓力值由於是處於高於該液體沸點之溫度，因而無法測量；因此，僅存在固體。圖5顯示若該低黏度液體與該混合料之任何其他部分間沒有交互作用(諸如該低黏度液體與碳黏合劑間之溶劑作用)，則該材料在非常寬的溫度範圍內會有幾乎恆定的擠壓壓力。
實例V
製備根據本發明且含有樹脂與聚合物之試驗材料，其係由下列組成：Chinese 90%鋁氧鋁礬土48%、鋁氧6%、碳化矽7%、藍晶石89%、各種焦碳類組成之碳黏合劑10%、樹脂5%、聚合物2%及丙二醇14%。在 習用耐火混合機裡混合這些成分，並且使用改良型Marshall試驗器測量各種溫度下的擠壓壓力，該改良型Marshall試驗器係用於擠壓柏油，其常在柏油工業中使用。持固該材料之模具維持用以維持樣品溫度之調定溫度。用於試驗的預設溫度為66℃。表III第四欄顯示試驗結果；壓力是以千帕(kPa)顯示。
圖6是繪示本發明配方之擠壓壓力對溫度之函數的曲線圖。溫度是在水平軸上以攝氏度顯示。壓力是在縱軸上以千帕(kPa)顯示。曲線40是壓力值之表示。圖6顯示一曲線，其中該線在95℃具有一峰，原因是該聚合物開始活化並聚合。隨著溫度升高至125℃，該聚合物再次開始熔化。隨著溫度升高至180℃，該樹脂之存在導致熱解。該擠壓壓力低於2000kPa的值指出此配方具有類似於實例II本發明配方之特性。
實例VI
如表III第五欄所示，製備根據本發明且含有松油之試驗材料，其係由下列組成：Chinese 90%鋁氧鋁礬土60%、鋁氧3%、碳化矽22%、包括含碳有機固體與金屬之碳黏合劑6%、親油流變改質劑2%、極性有機活化劑0.5%及松油6.5%。在習用耐火混合機裡混合這些成分，並且使用改良型Marshall試驗器測量各種溫度下的擠壓壓力，該改良型Marshall試驗器係用於擠壓柏油，其常在柏油工業中使用。持固該材料之模具維持用以維持樣品溫度之調定溫度。用於試驗的預設溫度為66℃。表III第五欄顯示試驗結果；壓力是以千帕(kPa)顯示。
圖7是繪示本發明配方之擠壓壓力對溫度之函數的曲線圖，本發明配方含有作為低黏度溶劑之松油。溫度是在水平軸上以攝氏度顯示。壓力是在縱軸上以千帕(kPa)顯示。曲線50是壓力值之表示。曲線50幾乎扁平，並且保持低於2000kPa之位準。松油不是一種極性有機溶劑，所以，必須添加少量，以便活化該親油流變改質劑。該配方雖然沒有樹脂，其在180℃以上之溫度仍變硬。
實例VII
圖8顯示表I中所述先前技術配方及本發明配方之實驗結果。溫度是在水平軸上以攝氏度顯示。壓力是在縱軸上以千帕(kPa)顯示。曲線60是含有2wt%習用球狀黏土之先前技術配方之壓力值之表示。曲線70是含有2wt%有機改質黏土之本發明配方之壓力值之表示。在習用耐火混合機裡混合這些成分，並且使用改良型Marshall試驗器測量各種液體添加下的擠壓壓力，該改良型Marshall試驗器係用於擠壓柏油，其常在柏油工業中使用。持固該材料之模具維持用以維持樣品溫度之調定溫度。圖8顯示相較於先前技術配方發展連貫可塑塊體之所需，本發明配方發展連貫可塑塊體需要更多液體。具有該親油流變改質劑之本發明配方相較於先前技術配方，隨著液體含量增加，擠壓壓力呈現較少變化。
本發明亦針對本發明配方作為流出孔閉合材料之用途。在使用時，係將裝載有本發明配方之噴泥槍或泥槍揮擺到冶金容器之流出孔內，並將本發明配方推入該流出孔直到將該流出孔密封為止。
根據本發明之耐火聚集體系統或配方可包含耐火聚集體、無水液體及流變改質劑。該無水液體可選自由多不飽和脂肪類、脂族烴類、芳烴類、醇類、醛類、酯類、酮類、及其組合所組成之群組。該無水液體可選自由松油、乙二醇、丙三醇、丙二醇、亞麻仁油、黃豆油、及其組合所組成之群組。該無水液體以液體與固體總批量之百分率計，存在該系統或配方中之含量之範圍可自(且包括)2wt%至(且包括)40wt%。該無水液體回應於自10度C至100度C之溫度變化，可呈現小於10倍之黏度變化。該親油流變改質劑以液體與固體總配方之百分率計，存在該配方中的含量之範圍可為自(且包括)0.2wt%至(且包括)50wt%。該親油流變改質劑係選自由有機黏土類、葉矽酸鹽類、膨潤石類、水輝石、蒙脫石、及其組合所組成之群組。該親油流變改質劑可包含有機黏土。該耐火聚集體系統或配方可進一步包含聚合物。該耐火聚集體系統或配方可進一步包含聚乙烯氫吡咯酮。該耐火聚集體可選自由棕剛玉、鋁礬土、黏土、矽砂、二氧化矽、發煙二氧化矽、碳化矽、及其組合所組成之群組。該耐火聚集體存在該液體與固體總配方中的含量之範圍可為自(且包括)5wt%至(且包括)90%。該耐火聚集體系統或配方中，親油流變改質劑對無水液體之重量比可等於或介於1份改質劑對50份液體與1份改質劑對一份液體間之比率。該耐火聚集體系統或配方可進一步包含選自由煤溚、煤溚瀝青類、石油溚、石油溚瀝青類、酚樹脂類、及其組合所組成之群組之碳黏合劑。 該耐火聚集體系統或配方以依據液體與固體之總配方測量計，可含有含量之範圍係自(且包括)0.01wt%至(且包括)20wt%之碳黏合劑。該耐火聚集體系統或配方可進一步包含含金屬物質，係選自由鋁、矽、矽鐵、氮化矽鐵、二氧化鈦、及其組合所組成之群組。該含金屬物質依據液體與固體之總配方測量計，存在該耐火聚集體系統或配方中的含量之範圍可為自(且包括)0.01wt%至(且包括)10wt%。該耐火聚集體可進一步包含發煙二氧化矽。該發煙二氧化矽以依據液體與固體之總配方測量計，可存在該耐火聚集體系統或配方中的含量之範圍可為自(且包括)0.01wt%至(且包括)10wt%。
本發明之許多修改與變化係可實行的。因此，應明白在下列申請專利範圍之範疇內，可用除了經具體描述以外外的其他方式實踐發明。

Claims (11)

  1. 一種耐火聚集體配方，其包含：5重量%至90重量%的耐火聚集體；3重量%至14重量%的丙二醇；0.01重量%至20重量%的包含焦碳之碳黏合劑；0.2重量%至50重量%的樹脂；及0.5重量%至45重量%的有機黏土。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之配方，其中該有機黏土以液體與固體總配方之百分率計，存在該配方中的含量之範圍係0.5wt%至20wt%。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之配方，其中該焦碳包含焦碳細料。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之配方，其中該樹脂包含酚樹脂。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之配方，其中該耐火聚集體係選自由棕剛玉、鋁礬土、黏土、矽砂、二氧化矽、碳化矽、及其組合所組成之群組。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項之配方，其中該耐火聚集體存在該液體與固體總配方中的含量之範圍係8wt%至85%。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項之配方，其中該碳黏合劑存在該液體與固體總配方中的含量之範圍係0.1wt%至18wt%。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項之配方，其進一步包含矽或選自由鋁、矽鐵、氮化矽鐵、二氧化鈦、及其組合所組成之群組之含金屬物質。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第8項之配方，其中該矽或該含金屬物質存在該液體與固體總配方中的含量之範圍係0.01wt%至10wt%。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項之配方，其中該聚集體包含發煙二氧化矽。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第10項之配方，其中該發煙二氧化矽存在液體與固體總配方中的含量之範圍係0.01wt%至10wt%。
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