TWI583096B - Cell charge protection device - Google Patents
Cell charge protection device Download PDFInfo
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- TWI583096B TWI583096B TW105118874A TW105118874A TWI583096B TW I583096 B TWI583096 B TW I583096B TW 105118874 A TW105118874 A TW 105118874A TW 105118874 A TW105118874 A TW 105118874A TW I583096 B TWI583096 B TW I583096B
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Description
本發明電池充電保護裝置係一種電池充電保護電路之技術領域，包括有：可調整精密並接調整器電路、第一半導體電路、第二半導體電路及第三半導體電路，為保護電池在設定電壓下進行充電，避免電池過高電壓所造成之損害。 The battery charging protection device of the present invention is a technical field of a battery charging protection circuit, comprising: an adjustable precision parallel connection regulator circuit, a first semiconductor circuit, a second semiconductor circuit and a third semiconductor circuit for protecting a battery at a set voltage Charge it to avoid damage caused by excessive battery voltage.
目前電池充電保護積體電路如德儀公司(Texas Instruments Company,TI)的bq29410系列及bq77910，Atmel公司(Atmel Company)的ATA6870，凌芮科技公司(Linear Technology Company)的LTC3557/LTC3557-1，LAPIS半導體公司(LAPIS Semiconductor Company)的ML610Q486P，Intersil公司的ISL94208，Microchip公司的AN231，MAXIM公司(Maxim Integrated Products Company)的DS2726及Vishay Siliconix公司的Si9730等公司的積體電路產品均無關於電池在充電中，可以用單一半導體與電池串聯連接可以保護當電池充電中發生過高電壓時，將半導體與電池電路分開，並且將充電裝置的電流利用分流電阻將其電流旁路，而避免電池的損壤，而具有電池保護及電流旁路功能之敘述；因為上述積體電路並沒有本發明所敘述之電路特徵，而成為上述積體電路在功能上之缺點。 At present, battery charging protection integrated circuits such as Texas Instruments Company (TI) bq29410 series and bq77910, Atmel Company (Atmel Company) ATA6870, Linear Technology Company's LTC3557/LTC3557-1, LAPIS LAPIS Semiconductor Company's ML610Q486P, Intersil's ISL94208, Microchip's AN231, MAXIM (Maxim Integrated Products Company)'s DS2726 and Vishay Siliconix's Si9730's integrated circuit products are all about charging the battery. A single semiconductor can be connected in series with the battery to protect the semiconductor from the battery circuit when excessive voltage is generated during battery charging, and the current of the charging device is shunted by a shunt resistor to avoid battery damage. There is a description of the battery protection and the current bypass function; since the above integrated circuit does not have the circuit features described in the present invention, it is a functional disadvantage of the above integrated circuit.
本發明的目的： The purpose of the invention:
1.本發明為應用於定電壓，定電流的電池充電裝置，可以達到充電中之電池因為過電壓而執行分流之功能，以使電池達到充電所設定之電壓值。 1. The present invention is a battery charging device for constant voltage and constant current, which can achieve the function of shunting the battery during charging due to overvoltage, so that the battery reaches the voltage value set by charging.
2.本發明為應用於定電壓，定電流的電池充電裝置，可以達到充電中之電池因為過電壓時而執行半導體與電池開路，以達到電池過電壓之保護。 2. The invention is a battery charging device applied to a constant voltage and a constant current, which can achieve the protection of the battery overvoltage by the semiconductor and the battery open circuit when the battery is being charged due to overvoltage.
本發明有下列之特徵：本發明應用可調整精密並接調整器電路，其包括第一可調整精密並接調整器、第一電阻及第二電阻，其特徵為借由可調整精密並接調整器之精密參考電壓值而達到精確的過高電壓控制值。 The invention has the following features: the invention applies an adjustable precision parallel connection regulator circuit, which comprises a first adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster, a first resistor and a second resistor, characterized by adjustable precision parallel connection adjustment The precise reference voltage value of the device achieves an accurate over-voltage control value.
本發明應用第一半導體電路，其包括第一半導體、基極(Base)電阻及射極(Emitter)電阻，其特徵為第一半導體射極電阻為提供第一半導體射極電壓，當第一半導體導通時，亦具有可調整精密並接調整器的限電流作用。 The invention applies a first semiconductor circuit comprising a first semiconductor, a base resistor and an emitter resistor, characterized in that the first semiconductor emitter resistor is to provide a first semiconductor emitter voltage, when the first semiconductor When turned on, it also has a current limit function that can adjust the precision parallel connection regulator.
本發明應用第二半導體電路，其包括第二半導體、分流電阻(Shunt Resistor)及第一閘極電阻，其特徵為第二半導體的閘極(Gate)連接第一閘極電阻的一端及第一半導體的集極(Collector)，第一閘極電阻的另一端連接負電端，第二半導體的漏極連接分流電阻，第二半導體的源極連接負電端。 The second semiconductor circuit of the present invention includes a second semiconductor, a shunt resistor, and a first gate resistor, wherein the gate of the second semiconductor is connected to one end of the first gate resistor and the first In the collector of the semiconductor, the other end of the first gate resistor is connected to the negative terminal, the drain of the second semiconductor is connected to the shunt resistor, and the source of the second semiconductor is connected to the negative terminal.
本發明應用第三半導體電路，其包括第三半導體及第二閘極電阻，其特徵為第三半導體的閘極連接第二閘極電阻的一端及第二半導體的漏極(Drain)，第二 閘極電阻的另一端連接負電端，第三半導體的漏極連接電池的負電端，第三半導體的源極(Source)連接電路的負電端。 The third semiconductor circuit of the present invention includes a third semiconductor and a second gate resistor, wherein the gate of the third semiconductor is connected to one end of the second gate resistor and the drain of the second semiconductor, and the second The other end of the gate resistor is connected to the negative terminal, the drain of the third semiconductor is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and the source of the third semiconductor is connected to the negative terminal of the circuit.
本發明應用等功能電路(Equivalent Function Circuit)，替代第三半導體電路，其等功能電路為第四半導體電路，第四半導體電路包括有第三閘極電阻、第四半導體、第四閘極電阻及第五半導體，第四半導體為N通道金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體(N Channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor)，第五半導體為P通道金屬化半導體場效電晶體(P Channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor)，以提供更多的應用選擇。 The functional circuit (Equivalent Function Circuit) of the present invention replaces the third semiconductor circuit, and the functional circuit is a fourth semiconductor circuit, and the fourth semiconductor circuit includes a third gate resistor, a fourth semiconductor, and a fourth gate resistor. The fifth semiconductor, the fourth semiconductor is an N-channel metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (N Channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), and the fifth semiconductor is a P-channel metallization semiconductor field-effect transistor (P Channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) Field-Effect Transistor) to provide more application options.
11‧‧‧第一電阻 11‧‧‧First resistance
12‧‧‧第二電阻 12‧‧‧second resistance
13‧‧‧可調整精密並接調整器 13‧‧‧Adjustable precision parallel adjuster
21‧‧‧第一半導體的基極電阻 21‧‧‧Base resistance of the first semiconductor
22‧‧‧第一半導體的射極電阻 22‧‧‧ the emitter resistance of the first semiconductor
23‧‧‧第一半導體 23‧‧‧First Semiconductor
31‧‧‧第一閘極電阻 31‧‧‧First gate resistor
32‧‧‧第二半導體 32‧‧‧Second Semiconductor
33‧‧‧分流電阻 33‧‧‧Shunt resistor
41‧‧‧第二閘極電阻 41‧‧‧Second gate resistor
42‧‧‧第三半導體 42‧‧‧ Third Semiconductor
51‧‧‧第三閘極電阻 51‧‧‧3rd gate resistor
52‧‧‧第四半導體 52‧‧‧ Fourth Semiconductor
61‧‧‧第四閘極電阻 61‧‧‧fourth gate resistor
62‧‧‧第五半導體 62‧‧‧ Fifth Semiconductor
100‧‧‧電池過電壓保護裝置 100‧‧‧Battery overvoltage protection device
200‧‧‧電池 200‧‧‧Battery
300‧‧‧充電裝置 300‧‧‧Charging device
400‧‧‧第一電池電路 400‧‧‧First battery circuit
500‧‧‧第二電池電路 500‧‧‧Second battery circuit
600‧‧‧第三電池電路 600‧‧‧ third battery circuit
700‧‧‧第N電池電路 700‧‧‧Nth battery circuit
V+‧‧‧電路正電端 V+‧‧‧ circuit positive terminal
V-‧‧‧電路負電端 V-‧‧‧ circuit negative terminal
圖1 為本發明電池充電保護裝置的第一實施例。 1 is a first embodiment of a battery charging protection device of the present invention.
圖2 為本發明電池充電保護裝置的第二實施例。 2 is a second embodiment of a battery charging protection device of the present invention.
圖3 為本發明電池充電保護裝置的第三實施例。 3 is a third embodiment of the battery charging protection device of the present invention.
如圖1所示，為本發明電池充電保護裝置的第一實施例，自圖中可知，電池充電保護裝置100包括有：可調整精密並接調整器電路、第一半導體電路、第二半導體電路及第三半導體電路；可調整精密並接調整器電路包括有第一電阻11、第二電阻12及可調整精密並接調整器13，可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓端Vref連接第一電阻11的另一端及第二電阻12的一端串聯連接的中點端，第一電阻11的一端連接電路正電 端V+，第二電阻12的另一端連接電路負電端V-，可調整精密並接調整器13的陽極端A(Anode,A)連接電路負電端V-，可調整精密並接調整器13的陰極端K(Cathode,K)連接到第一半導體23的基極B及基極電阻21的另一端；第一半導體電路包括有第一半導體23、射極電阻22及基極電阻21，第一半導體23為PNP型電晶體(PNP Type Transistor)，第一半導體23的基極B連接基極電阻21的另一端及可調整精密並接調整器13的陰極端K，基極電阻21的一端連接電路正電端V+，第一半導體23的射極E連接射極電阻22的另一端，射極電阻22的一端連接電路正電端V+，第一半導體23的集極C連接第二半導體32的閘極G(Gate,G)及第一閘極電阻31的另一端；第二半導體電路包括有第二半導體32、第一閘極電阻31及分流電阻33，第二半導體32為N通道金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體(N Channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor)，其體內含有體二極體(Body Diode)，第二半導體32的閘極G連接第一半導體23的集極C與第一閘極電阻31的一端，第一閘極電阻31的另一端連接電路的負電端V-，第二半導體32的漏極D連接分流電阻33的另一端，分流電阻33的一端連接電路正電端V+，第二半導體32的源極S連接電路負電端V-；第三半導體電路包括有第三半導體42及第二閘極電阻41，第三半導體42為N通道金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體，其體內含有體二極體，第三半導體42的閘極G連接第二半導體32的漏極D及第二閘極電阻41的一端，第二閘極電阻41的另一端連接電路負電端V-，第三半導體42的漏極D連接電池200的負電端，第三半導體42的源極S連接電路負電端V-。 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a first embodiment of the battery charging protection device of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the battery charging protection device 100 includes: an adjustable precision parallel connection regulator circuit, a first semiconductor circuit, and a second semiconductor circuit. And the third semiconductor circuit; the adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster circuit comprises a first resistor 11, a second resistor 12 and an adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster 13, and the reference voltage terminal Vref of the precision parallel connection adjuster 13 can be adjusted. The other end of the resistor 11 and the midpoint end of the second resistor 12 are connected in series, and one end of the first resistor 11 is connected to the circuit. The other end of the second resistor 12 is connected to the negative terminal V- of the circuit, and the anode end A (Anode, A) of the precision parallel connection adjuster 13 is connected to the negative terminal V- of the circuit, and the precision parallel connection adjuster 13 can be adjusted. The cathode terminal K (Cathode, K) is connected to the base B of the first semiconductor 23 and the other end of the base resistor 21; the first semiconductor circuit includes a first semiconductor 23, an emitter resistor 22 and a base resistor 21, first The semiconductor 23 is a PNP type transistor, the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is connected to the other end of the base resistor 21, and the cathode end K of the precision parallel connection adjuster 13 is connected, and one end of the base resistor 21 is connected. The positive terminal V+ of the circuit, the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23 is connected to the other end of the emitter resistor 22, one end of the emitter resistor 22 is connected to the positive terminal V+ of the circuit, and the collector C of the first semiconductor 23 is connected to the second semiconductor 32. The gate G (Gate, G) and the other end of the first gate resistor 31; the second semiconductor circuit includes a second semiconductor 32, a first gate resistor 31 and a shunt resistor 33, and the second semiconductor 32 is an N-channel metal oxide N Channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, The body includes a body diode, the gate G of the second semiconductor 32 is connected to the collector C of the first semiconductor 23 and one end of the first gate resistor 31, and the other end of the first gate resistor 31 is connected to the circuit. The negative terminal V-, the drain D of the second semiconductor 32 is connected to the other end of the shunt resistor 33, one end of the shunt resistor 33 is connected to the positive terminal V+ of the circuit, and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 is connected to the negative terminal V- of the circuit; The third semiconductor circuit includes a third semiconductor 42 and a second gate resistor 41. The third semiconductor 42 is an N-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor having a body diode therein and a gate G connection of the third semiconductor 42. The drain D of the second semiconductor 32 and one end of the second gate resistor 41, the other end of the second gate resistor 41 is connected to the negative terminal V- of the circuit, and the drain D of the third semiconductor 42 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 200, and the third The source S of the semiconductor 42 is connected to the negative terminal V- of the circuit.
如圖1所示，將充電裝置300之正電端G+連接於電路正電端V+，充電裝置300之負電端G-連接於電路負電端V-，其充電動作原理為： As shown in FIG. 1, the positive terminal G+ of the charging device 300 is connected to the positive terminal V+ of the circuit, and the negative terminal G- of the charging device 300 is connected to the negative terminal V- of the circuit. The charging operation principle is as follows:
1.當電路正電端V+的電壓由低電壓逐漸上升，但是低於可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K開路，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位高於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23開路，第一半導體23的集極C無電壓供給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的漏極D及源極S開路，因而分流電阻33無電流通過，此時分流電阻33之另一端供應正電壓於第三半導體42的閘極G，於是第三半導體42的漏極D及源極S導通，電池200由充電裝置300執行充電動作。 1. When the voltage of the positive terminal V+ of the circuit gradually rises from the low voltage, but is lower than the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13, the anode end A of the precision parallel connection adjuster 13 can be adjusted at this time. The cathode terminal K is open, the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is higher than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is open, and the collector C of the first semiconductor 23 is supplied with no voltage. The gate G of the semiconductor 32, at this time, the drain D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are open, so that the shunt resistor 33 has no current, and the other end of the shunt resistor 33 supplies a positive voltage to the gate of the third semiconductor 42. G, the drain D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are turned on, and the battery 200 is charged by the charging device 300.
2.當電路正電端V+的電壓由低電壓逐漸上升，到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K導通，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位低於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23導通，第一半導體23的集極C供給電壓給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的漏極D及源極S導通，而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，因第二半導體32的漏極D與源極S導通，此時分流電阻33之另一端無正電壓供應第三半導體42的閘極G，於是第三半導體42的漏極D及源極S開路，充電裝置300對電池200不執行充電動作，以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的。 2. When the voltage of the positive terminal V+ of the circuit gradually rises from the low voltage to the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13, the anode end A and the cathode end of the precision parallel connection adjuster 13 can be adjusted at this time. K is turned on, the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is lower than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is turned on, and the collector C of the first semiconductor 23 supplies a voltage to the second semiconductor 32. At the gate G of the second semiconductor 32, the drain D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are turned on, and the shunt resistor 33 has a current to pass the shunt, because the drain D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are turned on. The other end of the shunt resistor 33 supplies the gate G of the third semiconductor 42 without a positive voltage, so that the drain D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are open, and the charging device 300 does not perform a charging operation on the battery 200 to avoid the battery 200 Its excessive voltage causes damage and achieves the purpose of excessive voltage protection.
3.當電路正電端V+的電壓由低電壓逐漸上升，到可調 整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V以上時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K導通，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位低於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23導通，第一半導體23的集極C供給電壓給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的漏極D及源極S導通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，只是其經過分流電阻33的分流電流增加而己，因第二半導體32的漏極D與源極S導通，此時分流電阻33之另一端無正電壓供應第三半導體42的閘極G，於是第三半導體42的漏極D及源極S開路，充電裝置300對電池200仍繼續不執行充電動作，以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的。 3. When the voltage of the positive terminal V+ of the circuit is gradually increased from the low voltage to the adjustable When the reference voltage Vref of the precision parallel connection regulator 13 is 2.5 V or more: the anode end A and the cathode end K of the precision parallel connection regulator 13 are turned on at this time, and the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is lower than the first A positive potential of the emitter E of the semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is turned on, the collector C of the first semiconductor 23 supplies a voltage to the gate G of the second semiconductor 32, and at this time, the drain D and the source of the second semiconductor 32 The pole S is turned on, so that the shunt resistor 33 has a current passing through to perform the shunting action, except that the shunt current passing through the shunt resistor 33 is increased, because the drain D of the second semiconductor 32 is turned on and the source S is turned on, and the shunt resistor 33 is at this time. At the other end, the gate G of the third semiconductor 42 is not supplied with a positive voltage, so that the drain D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are open, and the charging device 300 continues to perform the charging operation on the battery 200 to prevent the battery 200 from passing through. High voltages cause damage and achieve excessive voltage protection.
如圖2所示，為本發明電池充電保護裝置的第二實施例，自圖2可知，為多個圖1所示的電池充電．保護裝置100電路正電端V+及電路負電端V-之間連接電池200及第三半導體42成為一組電池電路，電池充電保護裝置100電路正電端V+及電路負電端V-之間連接電池200及第三半導體42的第一電路稱為第一電池電路400；電池充電保護裝置100電路正電端V+及電路負電端V-之間連接電池200及第三半導體42的第二電路稱為第二電池電路500；電池充電保護裝置100電路的電路正電端V+及電路負電端V-之間連接電池200及第三半導體42的第三電路稱為第三電池電路600；電池充電保護裝置100電路正電端V+及電路負電端V-之間連接電池200及第三半導體42的第N電路稱為第N電池電路700；其第一電池電路400的正電端V+連接充電裝置300的正 電端G+，第N電池電路700的負電端V-連接充電裝置300的負電端G-。 2 is a second embodiment of the battery charging protection device of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 2, a plurality of batteries shown in FIG. 1 are charged. The battery 200 and the third semiconductor 42 are connected between the positive terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- of the protection device 100 to form a battery circuit, and the battery is connected between the positive terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- of the battery charging protection device 100. The first circuit of the 200 and the third semiconductor 42 is referred to as a first battery circuit 400; the second circuit connecting the battery 200 and the third semiconductor 42 between the positive terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- of the battery charging protection device 100 is called The second battery circuit 500; the third circuit connecting the battery 200 and the third semiconductor 42 between the circuit positive terminal V+ and the circuit negative terminal V- of the circuit of the battery charging protection device 100 is referred to as a third battery circuit 600; the battery charging protection device The Nth circuit connecting the battery 200 and the third semiconductor 42 between the positive terminal V+ of the circuit 100 and the negative terminal V- of the circuit is referred to as an Nth battery circuit 700; the positive terminal V+ of the first battery circuit 400 is connected to the charging device 300. positive The terminal G+, the negative terminal V- of the Nth battery circuit 700, is connected to the negative terminal G- of the charging device 300.
如圖2所示，將充電裝置300之正電端G+連接於第一電池電路400的正電端V+，充電裝置300之負電端G-連接於第N電池電路700的負電端V-，其充電動作原理為： As shown in FIG. 2, the positive terminal G+ of the charging device 300 is connected to the positive terminal V+ of the first battery circuit 400, and the negative terminal G- of the charging device 300 is connected to the negative terminal V- of the Nth battery circuit 700. The charging action principle is:
1.當充電裝置300對第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作時，各電池電路的電池200電位逐漸上升，而未達到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作。 1. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700, the potential of the battery 200 of each battery circuit gradually rises and does not reach an adjustable state. When the reference voltage Vref of the regulator 13 is closely connected to 2.5 V: at this time, the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700 perform a charging operation.
2.當充電裝置300對第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作時，第一電池電路400的電池200電位先達到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時第一電池電路400中的電池過電壓保護裝置100的第二半導體32的漏極D及源極S導通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，第三半導體42的漏極D及源極S開路，以保護電池200安全，可以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的，其餘第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700繼續執行充電動作。 2. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700, the potential of the battery 200 of the first battery circuit 400 reaches the adjustable precision first. When the reference voltage Vref of the regulator 13 is 2.5 V: at this time, the drain D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 of the battery overvoltage protection device 100 in the first battery circuit 400 are turned on, and thus the shunt resistor 33 has a current flowing therethrough. The shunting function is performed, and the drain D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are opened to protect the battery 200, and the battery 200 can be prevented from being damaged due to excessive voltage, thereby achieving the purpose of excessive voltage protection, and the remaining second battery circuits. 500, the third battery circuit 600 and the Nth battery circuit 700 continue to perform the charging operation.
3.當充電裝置300對第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作時，第一電池電路400與第二電池電路500的電池200電位達到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考 電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時第一電池電路400與第二電池電路500中的電池充電保護裝置100的第二半導體32的漏極D及源極S導通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，第三半導體42的漏極D及源極S開路，以保護電池200安全，可以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的，其餘第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700繼續執行充電動作。 3. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700, the battery potential of the first battery circuit 400 and the second battery circuit 500 A reference to the adjustable precision parallel regulator 13 When the voltage Vref is 2.5 V: at this time, the drain D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 of the battery charging protection device 100 in the first battery circuit 400 and the second battery circuit 500 are turned on, and thus the shunt resistor 33 has a current passing through it. The shunting action, the drain D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are open to protect the battery 200, and the battery 200 can be prevented from being damaged due to excessive voltage, thereby achieving the purpose of excessive voltage protection, and the remaining third battery circuit 600 And the Nth battery circuit 700 continues to perform the charging operation.
4.當充電裝置300對第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作時，第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500及第三電池電路600的電池200電位達到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500及第三電池電路600中的電池充電保護裝置100的第二半導體32的漏極D及源極S導通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，第三半導體42的漏極D及源極S開路，以保護電池200安全，可以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的，其第N電池電路700繼續執行充電動作。 4. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700, the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, and the third battery When the potential of the battery 200 of the circuit 600 reaches the adjustable precision and the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the regulator 13 is: at this time, the battery charging protection device 100 of the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, and the third battery circuit 600 The drain D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are turned on. Therefore, the shunt resistor 33 has a current passing through to perform a shunting operation, and the drain D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are opened to protect the battery 200, and the battery 200 can be avoided. The Nth battery circuit 700 continues to perform the charging operation for the purpose of over-voltage protection due to damage caused by excessive voltage.
5.當充電裝置300對第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作時，第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700的電池200電位達到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700中的電池充電保護裝置100的第二半導體32的漏極D及源極S導通， 因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，第三半導體42的漏極D及源極S開路，可以保護電池200安全，以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的，而其充電電流變小，充電裝置300的充電任務完成；在實際的充電過程中其第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作時，其電位達到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V之順序是不一定是依第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700的順序，在此特別聲明，但其動作原理相同。 5. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700, the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, and the third battery When the potential of the battery 200 of the circuit 600 and the Nth battery circuit 700 reaches the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13, the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600 and the first The drain D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 of the battery charging protection device 100 in the N battery circuit 700 are turned on, Therefore, the shunt resistor 33 has a current passing through to perform the shunting action, and the drain D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are open, which can protect the battery 200 from being safe, so as to prevent the battery 200 from being damaged due to its excessive voltage, thereby achieving excessive voltage protection. For the purpose, the charging current is reduced, the charging task of the charging device 300 is completed; during the actual charging process, the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700 perform charging operations. The order in which the potential reaches the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13 is not necessarily in accordance with the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700. The order is specifically stated here, but the principle of action is the same.
如圖3所示，為本發明電池充電保護裝置的第三實施例，自圖3可知，為在圖1本發明電池充電保護裝置100中，將第三半導體電路以第四半導體電路替換，因為其功能相同而稱第四半導體電路為第三半導體電路的等功能電路(Equivalent Function Circuit)，其等功能電路的第四半導體電路包括有第三閘極電阻51、第四半導體52、第四閘極電阻61及第五半導體62，第四半導體52為N通道金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體，其體內含有體二極體，第五半導體62為P通道金屬化半導體場效電晶體(P Channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor)，其體內含有體二極體，第三閘極電阻51的一端連接第四半導體52的閘極G及第二半導體32的漏極D，第三閘極電阻51的另一端連接電路負電端V-，第四半導體52的漏極D連接第五半導體62的閘極G及第四閘極電阻61的另一端，第四半導體52的源極S連接電路負電端V-，第四閘極電阻61的另一端連接第四半導體52的漏極D及第五半導體62的閘極G，第四閘極電阻61的一端連接電路 正電端V+，第五半導體62的源極S連接電路正電端V+，第五半導體62的漏極D連接電池200的正電端；其他電路結構完全與圖1相同，而不贅述。 As shown in FIG. 3, which is a third embodiment of the battery charging protection device of the present invention, it can be seen from FIG. 3 that in the battery charging protection device 100 of the present invention, the third semiconductor circuit is replaced with a fourth semiconductor circuit because The fourth semiconductor circuit is the same as the functional circuit of the third semiconductor circuit, and the fourth semiconductor circuit of the functional circuit includes the third gate resistor 51, the fourth semiconductor 52, and the fourth gate. The pole resistor 61 and the fifth semiconductor 62, the fourth semiconductor 52 is an N-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, which contains a body diode in the body, and the fifth semiconductor 62 is a P-channel metallized semiconductor field effect transistor (P Channel Metal) -Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), the body includes a body diode, one end of the third gate resistor 51 is connected to the gate G of the fourth semiconductor 52 and the drain D of the second semiconductor 32, and the third gate resistor 51 The other end of the circuit is connected to the negative terminal V-, the drain D of the fourth semiconductor 52 is connected to the other end of the gate G and the fourth gate resistor 61 of the fifth semiconductor 62, and the source S of the fourth semiconductor 52 is connected to the circuit negative. The other end of the fourth gate resistor 61 is connected to the drain D of the fourth semiconductor 52 and the gate G of the fifth semiconductor 62, and one end of the fourth gate resistor 61 is connected to the circuit. The positive terminal V+, the source S of the fifth semiconductor 62 is connected to the positive terminal V+ of the circuit, and the drain D of the fifth semiconductor 62 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery 200; the other circuit structures are completely the same as those of FIG. 1 and will not be described again.
如圖3所示，將充電裝置300之正電端G+連接於電路正電端V+，充電裝置300之負電端G-連接於電路負電端V-，其充電動作原理為： As shown in FIG. 3, the positive terminal G+ of the charging device 300 is connected to the positive terminal V+ of the circuit, and the negative terminal G- of the charging device 300 is connected to the negative terminal V- of the circuit. The charging operation principle is as follows:
1.當電路正電端V+的電壓由低電壓逐漸上升，但是低於可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K開路，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位高於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23開路，第一半導體23的集極C無電壓供給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的漏極D及源極S開路，因而分流電阻33無電流通過，此時分流電阻33之另一端供應正電壓於第四半導體52的閘極G，於是第四半導體52的漏極D及源極S導通，第五半導體62的閘極G為與電路負電端V-導通，因第五半導體62的源極S及漏極D導通，電池200由充電裝置300執行充電動作。 1. When the voltage of the positive terminal V+ of the circuit gradually rises from the low voltage, but is lower than the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13, the anode end A of the precision parallel connection adjuster 13 can be adjusted at this time. The cathode terminal K is open, the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is higher than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is open, and the collector C of the first semiconductor 23 is supplied with no voltage. The gate G of the semiconductor 32, at this time, the drain D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are open, so that the shunt resistor 33 has no current, and the other end of the shunt resistor 33 supplies a positive voltage to the gate of the fourth semiconductor 52. G, the drain D and the source S of the fourth semiconductor 52 are turned on, and the gate G of the fifth semiconductor 62 is electrically connected to the negative terminal V- of the circuit, and the source S and the drain D of the fifth semiconductor 62 are turned on, and the battery is turned on. The charging operation is performed by the charging device 300.
2.當電路正電端V+的電壓由低電壓逐漸上升，到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K導通，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位低於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23導通，第一半導體23的集極C供給電壓給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的漏極D及源極S導通，而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，因第二半導體32的漏極D與源極S導通，此時分流電阻33之另一端無正電壓供應第四半導體52 的閘極G，於是第四半導體52的漏極D及源極S開路，第五半導體62的閘極G為與電路正電端V+導通，因第五半導體62的源極S及漏極D開路，充電裝置300對電池200不執行充電動作，以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的。 2. When the voltage of the positive terminal V+ of the circuit gradually rises from the low voltage to the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13, the anode end A and the cathode end of the precision parallel connection adjuster 13 can be adjusted at this time. K is turned on, the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is lower than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is turned on, and the collector C of the first semiconductor 23 supplies a voltage to the second semiconductor 32. At the gate G of the second semiconductor 32, the drain D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are turned on, and the shunt resistor 33 has a current to pass the shunt, because the drain D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are turned on. The other end of the shunt resistor 33 has no positive voltage supply to the fourth semiconductor 52 The gate G of the fourth semiconductor 52 is open, and the gate G of the fifth semiconductor 62 is electrically connected to the positive terminal V+ of the circuit, because the source S and the drain D of the fifth semiconductor 62 are open. When the circuit is opened, the charging device 300 does not perform a charging operation on the battery 200 to prevent the battery 200 from being damaged due to its excessive voltage, thereby achieving the purpose of excessive voltage protection.
3.當電路正電端V+的電壓由低電壓逐漸上升，到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V以上時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K導通，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位低於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23導通，第一半導體23的集極C供給電壓給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的漏極D及源極S導通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，只是其經過分流電阻33的分流電流增加而己，因第二半導體32的漏極D與源極S導通，此時分流電阻33之另一端無正電壓供應第四半導體52的閘極G，於是第四半導體52的漏極D及源極S開路，第五半導體62的閘極G為與電路正電端V+導通，因第五半導體62的源極S及漏極D開路，充電裝置300對電池200仍繼續不執行充電動作，以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的。 3. When the voltage of the positive terminal V+ of the circuit gradually rises from the low voltage to the reference voltage Vref of 2.5V or more adjustable to the regulator 13, the anode terminal A and the anode of the precision parallel connection regulator 13 can be adjusted at this time. The extreme K is turned on, the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is lower than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is turned on, and the collector C of the first semiconductor 23 supplies a voltage to the second semiconductor. The gate G of 32, at this time, the drain D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are turned on, so that the shunt resistor 33 has a current passing through to perform the shunting action, but the shunt current passing through the shunt resistor 33 is increased, because the second The drain D of the semiconductor 32 is turned on and the source S is turned on. At this time, the other end of the shunt resistor 33 is supplied with the gate G of the fourth semiconductor 52 without a positive voltage, so that the drain D and the source S of the fourth semiconductor 52 are open, and the fifth The gate G of the semiconductor 62 is electrically connected to the positive terminal V+ of the circuit. Since the source S and the drain D of the fifth semiconductor 62 are open, the charging device 300 continues to perform no charging operation on the battery 200 to prevent the battery 200 from passing through. High voltage causes damage and achieves high voltage protection
如圖3所示，可用多個圖3所示之電池充電保護裝置的正電端V+及負電端V-之間連接第五半導體62及電池200，電池充電保護裝置電路正電端V+及電路負電端V-之間連接第五半導體62及電池200亦可成為一組電池電路，並可以將多組電池電路串聯連接於充電裝置300，如圖2所示之電路連接，而不予 自限。 As shown in FIG. 3, the fifth semiconductor 62 and the battery 200 can be connected between the positive terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- of the battery charging protection device shown in FIG. 3, and the battery charging protection device circuit positive terminal V+ and the circuit The fifth semiconductor 62 and the battery 200 connected between the negative terminal V- can also be a set of battery circuits, and the plurality of battery circuits can be connected in series to the charging device 300, as shown in FIG. Self-limited.
以上所述實施例僅是為充分說明本發明所舉的較佳的實施例，本發明的保護範圍不限於此。本技術領域的技術人員，在本發明基礎上所作的等同替代或變換，皆在本發明的保護範圍內。本發明的保護範圍以申請專利範圍書為準。 The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or alterations made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is based on the scope of the patent application.
11‧‧‧第一電阻 11‧‧‧First resistance
12‧‧‧第二電阻 12‧‧‧second resistance
13‧‧‧可調整精密並接調整器 13‧‧‧Adjustable precision parallel adjuster
21‧‧‧基極電阻 21‧‧‧base resistance
22‧‧‧射極電阻 22‧‧‧ emitter resistance
23‧‧‧第一半導體 23‧‧‧First Semiconductor
31‧‧‧第一閘極電阻 31‧‧‧First gate resistor
32‧‧‧第二半導體 32‧‧‧Second Semiconductor
33‧‧‧分流電阻 33‧‧‧Shunt resistor
41‧‧‧第二閘極電阻 41‧‧‧Second gate resistor
42‧‧‧第三半導體 42‧‧‧ Third Semiconductor
100‧‧‧電池充電保護裝置 100‧‧‧Battery charging protection device
200‧‧‧電池 200‧‧‧Battery
300‧‧‧充電裝置 300‧‧‧Charging device
V+‧‧‧電路正電端 V+‧‧‧ circuit positive terminal
V-‧‧‧電路負電端 V-‧‧‧ circuit negative terminal
Claims (10)
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| TW105118874A TWI583096B (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Cell charge protection device |
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| TW105118874A TWI583096B (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Cell charge protection device |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0789947B1 (en) * | 1994-10-31 | 2000-08-30 | Motorola, Inc. | Protection switch for a battery powered device |
| TW200634526A (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-10-01 | Atmel Corp | Single chip microcontroller including battery management and protection |
| US7218076B2 (en) * | 2001-12-16 | 2007-05-15 | Zinc Matrix Power, Inc. | Battery charging system |
| US20080284377A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-20 | Hong Fu Jin Precision Industry (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd | Battery charging apparatus |
| TW201032437A (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-09-01 | Green Solution Technology Inc | The battery charging controlling apparatus and battery balance charging controller |
| TW201141009A (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2011-11-16 | O2Micro Inc | Circuit and method for balancing battery cells |
| WO2015013913A1 (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-05 | 吉瑞高新科技股份有限公司 | Overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuit and method for electronic cigarette |
-
2016
- 2016-06-16 TW TW105118874A patent/TWI583096B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0789947B1 (en) * | 1994-10-31 | 2000-08-30 | Motorola, Inc. | Protection switch for a battery powered device |
| US7218076B2 (en) * | 2001-12-16 | 2007-05-15 | Zinc Matrix Power, Inc. | Battery charging system |
| TW200634526A (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-10-01 | Atmel Corp | Single chip microcontroller including battery management and protection |
| US20080284377A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-20 | Hong Fu Jin Precision Industry (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd | Battery charging apparatus |
| TW201032437A (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-09-01 | Green Solution Technology Inc | The battery charging controlling apparatus and battery balance charging controller |
| TW201141009A (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2011-11-16 | O2Micro Inc | Circuit and method for balancing battery cells |
| WO2015013913A1 (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-05 | 吉瑞高新科技股份有限公司 | Overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuit and method for electronic cigarette |
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| TW201801439A (en) | 2018-01-01 |
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